Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module LoRa Wireless Module - Powered by STM32WLE5 Datasheet V1.0 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com Content 1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................................................... 2 1.1 Feature ....................................................................................................................................................2 2 Description ........................................................................................................................................................ 3 2.1 Pin definition ........................................................................................................................................... 4 3 Electrical characteristics ................................................................................................................................... 5 3.1 Extreme working conditions ................................................................................................................... 5 3.2 Normal working conditions ..................................................................................................................... 6 3.3 Module specifications ............................................................................................................................. 7 4 Typical RF performance test ............................................................................................................................ 8 4.1 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module Performance Testing ............................................................................... 8 5 Application information ..................................................................................................................................... 9 5.1 Package information ...............................................................................................................................9 5.2 External interface of the module .......................................................................................................... 10 5.3 Reference design based on Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module .................................................................. 10 6 LoRaWAN application information ................................................................................................................11 6.1 LoRaWAN application ........................................................................................................................ 11 6.2 Design LoRaWAN wireless sensor based on Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module ....................................11 7 Ordering information ....................................................................................................................................... 12 8 ODM & OEM Services .................................................................................................................................... 12 9 Reversion ........................................................................................................................................................ 12 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 1 Introduction Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module is a low-cost, ultra-low power, ultra-small size LoRaWAN module designed by Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. The module uses ST system on chip STM32WLE5JC, integrated high-
performance LoRa SX126X IP and ultra-low power Consumption of MCU. The target application of this module is wireless sensor networks and other Internet of Things devices, especially battery-powered low power consumption and long- distance occasions. 1.1 Feature Low power consumption: as low as 2.1uA sleep current (WOR mode) low cost:
Small size: 12mm X 12mm * 2.5mm 28 pins SMT High performance:
Wio-E5-LE TXOP=14dBm@868MHz LoRa-E5-HF TXOP=22dBm@915MHz
-136.5dBm sensitivity for SF12 with 125KHz BW 158dB link budget, suitable for long distance This specification mainly describes the hardware information, hardware performance and application information of the module. Wio-E5-LE Wireless LoRaWAN Module is mainly suitable for long-distance, ultra-low-power applications such as wireless meter reading, sensor networks, and other low-power wide-area IoT scenarios. interface USART I2C ADC SWD Embedded LoRaWAN protocol, AT command, support global LoRaWAN frequency plan EU868 US915 and US915 Hybrid AU915 AS923 KR920 IN865 This product specification includes a detailed description of the Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module's performance and functions. For the latest firmware, product updates or errata, please contact Seeedstudio. 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 2 / 14 2 Description Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module is embedded with high-performance STM32WLE5JC, which is very suitable for the design of various IoT nodes. Based on the development of the multi-mode high-performance SX126X chip, the Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module supports (G) FSK mode and LoRa . 62.5kHz, 125kHz, 250kHz and 500kHz bandwidth can be used in LoRa mode. Based on the powerful functions and rich peripherals of STM32WLE5JC, the module provides UART, I2C, SPI, ADC and GPIOs for users to choose according to the application. If you need to upgrade the built-in AT command firmware, please use the two-wire interface (UART) to complete the programming based on the boot mode; and customers can develop the software based on the internal MCU of the module to complete the program erasure and programming through SWD. Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module currently contains two sub-models, Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module (Single-core STM32WLE5JC intergrated with SX126X IP), Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module supports 14dBm @ HF band (868 MHz);LoRa-E5-HF (Single-core STM32WLE5JC intergrated with SX126X IP), LoRa-E5-HF supports 22dBm @ HF band (915 MHz). Figure 1 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module Schematic diagram 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 3 / 14 2.1 Pin definition Figure 2 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module Pin arrangement 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 4 / 14 Number Name Type Description Table 1 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module pin out 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 VCC GND PA13 PA14 PB15 PA15 PB4 PB3 PB7 PB6 PB5 PC1 PC0 GND RFIO GND RST PA3 PA2 PB10 PA9 GND PA0 PB13 PB9 PB14 PA10 PB0
I I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O
I/O
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O
I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O I/O Supply voltage for the module Ground SWDIO of SWIM for program download SWCLK of SWIM for program download SCL of I2C2 from MCU SDA of I2C2 from MCU MCU GPIO MCU GPIO UART1_RX from MCU UART1_TX from MCU MCU GPIO MCU GPIO LPUART1_TX from MCU MCU GPIO LPUART1_RX from MCU Ground RF input/output Ground Reset trigger input for MCU MCU GPIOUSART2_RX from MCU MCU GPIOUSART2_TX from MCU MCU GPIO MCU GPIO Ground MCU GPIO SPI2_SCK from MCU; Boot pin(Active low) SPI2_NSS from MCU SPI2_MISO from MCU SPI2_MOSI from MCU UnavailableSuspended treatment 3 Electrical characteristics 3.1 Extreme working conditions Reaching or exceeding the maximum ratings listed in the table below can cause equipment damage. Table 2 Absolute Maximum Ratings Item Description min max 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com unit 5 / 14 VCCmr Supply voltage Tmr Pmr Ambient temperature RF input power
-0.3
-40
+3.9
+85
+10 V dBm Note: Stresses exceeding the absolute ratings may cause permanent damage. Functional operation is not guaranteed under these conditions. Extended exposure to absolute ratings may adversely affect reliability. 3.2 Normal working conditions Table 3 Recommended Operating Conditions Item VCCop Top Pop Description Supply voltage Ambient temperature RF input power min
+1.8
-40
max
+3.6
+85
+10 unit V dBm Table 4 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module 868MHz Currents of varying power levels Tx Power(dBm) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Current(mA) Output Power(dBm) 12.41 1.161 13.11 2.159 13.84 3.069 14.48 3.863 15.33 4.895 16.29 6.025 17.16 7.014 Tx Power(dBm) Current(mA) 8 18 Output Power(dBm) 7.88 9 10 11 12 13 14 19.21 8.954 20.36 9.878 21.65 10.814 22.93 11.642 24.5 12.545 26.22 13.461 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 6 / 14 3.3 Module specifications ITEMs Structure Parameter Size Package power supply Sleep current Table 5 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module features Specifications 12(W) X 12(L) X 2.5(H) 28 pins, SMT 3.3V type 2.1uA (WDT on);
Unit mm V uA Operation current
(Transmitter+MCU) 26mA @14dBm in 868MHz type mA Electrical Characteristics Operation current
(Receiver+MCU) 6.7mA @BW125kHz, 868MHz type mA Output power 14dBm max @868MHz Sensitivity Harmonics RFIO UART I2C ADC NRST SPI Interface
@SF12, BW125kHz Fr(MHz) min 868
type
-135 max
-137
<-36dBm below 1GHz
<-40dBm above 1GHz RF port 3 group of UART, include 2pins 1 group of I2C, include 2 pins 1 ADC Input, include 1pins,12-bit 1Msps Manual reset pin input 1 group of SPI, include 4 pins dBm dBm dBm dBm 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 7 / 14 4 Typical RF performance test 4.1 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module Performance Testing Figure 3 RF Power vs Voltage868MHz 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 8 / 14 Figure 4 RF Power VS Temperature868MHz Figure 5 RF Receiver Sensitivity VS Temperature868MHz 5 Application information 5.1 Package information Unless specified dimension tolerance, the Dimension below will be with tolerance 0.1mm, all the dimension unit is mm. Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module has a 28-pin SMD package:
m m 3
. 2 0
0
2 1 12+ 0 . 3
-0.2 mm 2.50.2 0.8 The following figure shows the recommended Layout package dimensions. Figure 6 Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module appearance 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 9 / 14 Figure 7 PCB footprint 5.2 External interface of the module In addition to several necessary GPIO ports and a set of SPI ports used for internal RF transceiver control, other GPIOs of the MCU have been derived, including UART (for AT commands), I2C, ADC, etc. For customers who want to develop software or expand peripherals on the MCU of the module, these rich GPIO interfaces can satisfy most application requirements. 5.3 Reference design based on Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module embeds the global LoRaWAN protocol and AT instruction set. This will make the design of LoRaWAN nodes based on this module very easy. The following is a typical reference design that uses Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module to quickly start a LoRaWAN application. Just connect UART and NRST to the host MCU and send AT commands. In addition,Pin24 grounding of the module will force the module to enter Boot upgrade mode. Note: The 28-pin PB0 must be left floating and not allowed to be pulled up or grounded. For the RF antenna part, there are no specific values available. Furthermore, you will need to conduct tests based on parameters such as circuit board thickness or other relevant factors to determine the resistance value of the required resistor to be used. 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 10 / 14 Figure 8 Reference design based on Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module 6 LoRaWAN application information 6.1 LoRaWAN application The topology of the LoRaWAN network is a star network, and the gateway acts as a relay between nodes and network servers. The gateway is connected to the network server through a standard IP link, and the node device uses LoRa or FSK to communicate with one or more gateways. Communication is bidirectional, although it is mainly upstream communication from the node to the network server. The communication between the node and the gateway uses different frequencies and rates. The choice of rate is a compromise between power consumption and distance, and different rates do not interfere with each other. According to different spreading factors and bandwidths, the rate of LoRa can be from 300bps to 50Kbps. In order to maximize battery life and network capacity, the network server manages the node's rate and output power through rate adaptation (ADR). The node device may transmit on a random channel at any time and at any rate, as long as the following conditions are met:
1) The channel currently used by the node is pseudo-random. This makes the system more resistant to interference 2) The maximum transmission time (dwell time of the channel) and duty cycle of the node depends on the frequency band used and local regulations Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module integrates ST ultra-low power IC STM32WLE5JC. The current is only 2.1uA in sleep mode, this module is very suitable for various applications of LoRaWAN. 6.2 Design LoRaWAN wireless sensor based on Wio-E5-
LE Wireless Module Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module is an AT instruction set that encapsulates the global LoRaWAN standard protocol. The customer only needs a very simple MCU as the main control, and can control the Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module through the serial port, thereby easily implementing the LoRaWAN protocol. This helps customers quickly bring sensor products to the LoRaWAN market. Figure 9 Design of LoRaWAN wireless sensor based on Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 11 / 14 7 Ordering information Technical Support:sensecap@seeed.cc Sales:iot@seeed.cc Table 6 Ordering Information SKU 114993120 114993121 317990687 317990829 Name Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module (Bulk) Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module (Tape Reel) Wio-E5 Wireless Module (Bulk) Wio-E5 Wireless Module (Tape Reel) Model Wio-E5-LE-HF Wio-E5-LE-HF Wio-E5-HF Wio-E5-HF 8 ODM & OEM Services With decades of ODM & OEM experience, our engineers and product experts are proficient in delivering customization service for popular open-source hardware platforms NVIDIA Jetson, Raspberry Pi , Beagleboard ,and more. Use the Wio-E5-LE module to create industrial-grade sensors or development boards for rapid AIoT implementation. We're dedicated to supporting you and streamlining your idea-to-product journey. We are ready to bring your product concept to the market with Seeed Studios industrial capabilities from design, manufacturing, testing, certification, global distribution, and marketplace. To design with the Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module module, please contact iot@seeed.cc. 9 Reversion V1.0 2023-05-17 First release 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 12 / 14 Declaration of Conformity Hereby, Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. declares that the radio equipment type Wio-E5-LE-HF of Wio-E5-LE Wireless Module is in compliance with Directive 2014/53/EU and this product is allowed to be used in all EU member states. The full text of the EU declaration of conformity is available at the following internet address:
www.seeedstudio.com Manufacturer information:
Company name: Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. Address9F, G3 Building, TCL International E City, Zhongshanyuan Road, Nanshan District, Shenzhen 518055, China Operation frequency (Max power) Lora: 863MHz-870MHz (13.1dBm) RF exposure statement RF exposure information: The Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) level has been calculated based on a distance of d=20 cm between the device and the human body. To maintain compliance with RF exposure requirement, use product that maintain a 20cm distance between the device and human body. 2008-2023 Seeed Technology Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. www.seeedstudio.com 13 / 14 Conformity FCC regulatory conformance This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
-Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
-Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help NOTE: The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized modications to this equipment. Such modications could void the users authority to operate the equipment. FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:
This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator & your body. ORIGINAL EQUIPMENT MANUFACTURER (OEM) NOTES The OEM must certify the final end product to comply with unintentional radiators (FCC Sections 15.107 and 15.109) before declaring compliance of the final product to Part 15 of the FCC rules and regulations. Integration into devices that are directly or indirectly connected to AC lines must add with Class II Permissive Change. transmitter module FCC ID: Z4T-WIO-E5-LE. Additionally, The OEM must comply with the FCC labeling requirements. If the modules label is not visible when installed, then an additional permanent label must be applied on the outside of the finished product which states: Contains statement should be included on the label and in the final products user manual: This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interferences, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. the following The module is limited to installation in mobile or fixed applications. Separate approval is required for all other operating configurations, including portable configuration with respect to Part 2.1093 and different antenna configurations. A module or modules can only be used without additional authorizations if they have been tested and granted under the same intended enduse operational conditions, including simultaneous transmission operations. When they have not been tested and granted in this manner, additional testing and/or FCC application filing may be required. The most straightforward approach to address additional testing conditions is to have the grantee responsible for the certification of at least one of the modules submit a permissive change application. When having a module grantee file a permissive change is not practical or feasible, the following guidance provides some additional options for host manufacturers. Integrations using modules where additional testing and/or FCC application filing(s) may be required are: (A) a module used in devices requiring additional RF exposure compliance information (e.g., MPE evaluation or SAR testing); (B) limited and/or split modules not meeting all of the module requirements; and (C) simultaneous transmissions for independent collocated transmitters not previously granted together. This Module is full modular approval, it is limited to OEM installation ONLY. Integration into devices that are directly or indirectly connected to AC lines must add with Class II Permissive Change. (OEM) Integrator has to assure compliance of the entire end product include the integrated Module. Additional measurements (15B) and/or equipment authorizations (e.g. Verification) may need to be addressed depending on co-location or simultaneous transmission issues if applicable. (OEM) Integrator is reminded to assure that these installation instructions will not be made available to the end user Requirement per KDB996369 D03 2.2 List of applicable FCC rules List the FCC rules that are applicable to the modular transmitter. These are the rules that specifically establish the bands of operation, the power, spurious emissions, and operating fundamental frequencies. DO NOT list compliance to unintentional-radiator rules (Part 15 Subpart B) since that is not a condition of a module grant that is extended to a host manufacturer. See also Section 2.10 below concerning the need to notify host manufacturers that further testing is required.3 Explanation: This module meets the requirements of FCC part 15C(15.247). 2.3 Summarize the specific operational use conditions Describe use conditions that are applicable to the modular transmitter, including for example any limits on antennas, etc. For example, if point-to-point antennas are used that require reduction in power or compensation for cable loss, then this information must be in the instructions. If the use condition limitations extend to professional users, then instructions must state that this information also extends to the host manufacturers instruction manual. In addition, certain information may also be needed, such as peak gain per frequency band and minimum gain, specifically for master devices in 5 GHz DFS bands. Explanation: The EUT has a Dipole Antenna, and the antenna use a permanently attached antenna which is not replaceable. 2.4 Limited module procedures If a modular transmitter is approved as a limited module, then the module manufacturer is responsible for approving the host environment that the limited module is used with. The manufacturer of a limited module must describe, both in the filing and in the installation instructions, the alternative means that the limited module manufacturer uses to verify that the host meets the necessary requirements to satisfy the module limiting conditions. A limited module manufacturer has the flexibility to define its alternative method to address the conditions that limit the initial approval, such as: shielding, minimum signaling amplitude, buffered modulation/data inputs, or power supply regulation. The alternative method could include that the limited module manufacturer reviews detailed test data or host designs prior to giving the host manufacturer approval. This limited module procedure is also applicable for RF exposure evaluation when it is necessary to demonstrate compliance in a specific host. The module manufacturer must state how control of the product into which the modular transmitter will be installed will be maintained such that full compliance of the product is always ensured. For additional hosts other than the specific host originally granted with a limited module, a Class II permissive change is required on the module grant to register the additional host as a specific host also approved with the module. Explanation: The module is not a limited module. 2.5 Trace antenna designs For a modular transmitter with trace antenna designs, see the guidance in Question 11 of KDB Publication 996369 D02 FAQ Modules for Micro-Strip Antennas and traces. The integration information shall include for the TCB review the integration instructions for the following aspects:
layout of trace design, parts list (BOM), antenna, connectors, and isolation requirements. a) Information that includes permitted variances (e.g., trace boundary limits, thickness, length, width, shape(s), dielectric constant, and impedance as applicable for each type of antenna);
b) Each design shall be considered a different type (e.g., antenna length in multiple(s) of frequency, the wavelength, and antenna shape (traces in phase) can affect antenna gain and must be considered);
c) The parameters shall be provided in a manner permitting host manufacturers to design the printed circuit
(PC) board layout;
d) Appropriate parts by manufacturer and specifications;
e) Test procedures for design verification; and f) Production test procedures for ensuring compliance. The module grantee shall provide a notice that any deviation(s) from the defined parameters of the antenna trace, as described by the instructions, require that the host product manufacturer must notify the module grantee that they wish to change the antenna trace design. In this case, a Class II permissive change application is required to be filed by the grantee, or the host manufacturer can take responsibility through the change in FCC ID (new application) procedure followed by a Class II permissive change application. Explanation: Yes, The module with trace antenna designs, and This manual has been shown the layout of trace design, antenna, connectors, and isolation requirements. 2.6 RF exposure considerations It is essential for module grantees to clearly and explicitly state the RF exposure conditions that permit a host product manufacturer to use the module. Two types of instructions are required for RF exposure information:
(1) to the host product manufacturer, to define the application conditions (mobile, portable xx cm from a persons body); and (2) additional text needed for the host product manufacturer to provide to end users in their end-product manuals. If RF exposure statements and use conditions are not provided, then the host product manufacturer is required to take responsibility of the module through a change in FCC ID (new application). Explanation: This module complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment, This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 20 centimeters between the radiator and your body." This module is designed to comply with the FCC statement, FCC ID is: Z4T-WIO-E5-LE. 2.7 Antennas A list of antennas included in the application for certification must be provided in the instructions. For modular transmitters approved as limited modules, all applicable professional installer instructions must be included as part of the information to the host product manufacturer. The antenna list shall also identify the antenna types (monopole, PIFA, dipole, etc. (note that for example an omni-directional antenna is not considered to be a specific antenna type)). For situations where the host product manufacturer is responsible for an external connector, for example with an RF pin and antenna trace design, the integration instructions shall inform the installer that unique antenna connector must be used on the Part 15 authorized transmitters used in the host product. The module manufacturers shall provide a list of acceptable unique connectors. Explanation: The EUT has a Dipole Antenna, and the antenna use a permanently attached antenna which is unique. 2.8 Label and compliance information Grantees are responsible for the continued compliance of their modules to the FCC rules. This includes advising host product manufacturers that they need to provide a physical or e-label stating Contains FCC ID with their finished product. See Guidelines for Labeling and User Information for RF Devices KDB Publication 784748. Explanation:The host system using this module, should have label in a visible area indicated the following texts: Contains FCC ID: Z4T-WIO-E5-LE 2.9 Information on test modes and additional testing requirements5 Additional guidance for testing host products is given in KDB Publication 996369 D04 Module Integration Guide. Test modes should take into consideration different operational conditions for a stand-alone modular transmitter in a host, as well as for multiple simultaneously transmitting modules or other transmitters in a host product. The grantee should provide information on how to configure test modes for host product evaluation for different operational conditions for a stand-alone modular transmitter in a host, versus with multiple, simultaneously transmitting modules or other transmitters in a host. Grantees can increase the utility of their modular transmitters by providing special means, modes, or instructions that simulates or characterizes a connection by enabling a transmitter. This can greatly simplify a host manufacturers determination that a module as installed in a host complies with FCC requirements. Explanation: Top band can increase the utility of our modular transmitters by providing instructions that simulates or characterizes a connection by enabling a transmitter. 2.10 Additional testing, Part 15 Subpart B disclaimer The grantee should include a statement that the modular transmitter is only FCC authorized for the specific rule parts (i.e., FCC transmitter rules) listed on the grant, and that the host product manufacturer is responsible for compliance to any other FCC rules that apply to the host not covered by the modular transmitter grant of certification. If the grantee markets their product as being Part 15 Subpart B compliant
(when it also contains unintentional-radiator digital circuity), then the grantee shall provide a notice stating that the final host product still requires Part 15 Subpart B compliance testing with the modular transmitter installed. Explanation: The module without unintentional-radiator digital circuity, so the module does not require an evaluation by FCC Part 15 Subpart B. The host shoule be evaluated by the FCC Subpart B.