User Manual for Pilot Gateway Pro RAK7243 WisDevice Series Version V1.1 | January 2019 www.RAKwireless.com Visit our website for more document. 16 PAGES RAK7243 Table of Contents 1 Overview.....................................................................................................................................................4 1.1 Introduction......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 Main Features.................................................................................................................................... 5 2 Pilot Gateway Pro RAK7243.................................................................................................................. 6 2.1 Overview............................................................................................................................................. 6 2.2 Interfaces............................................................................................................................................ 6 2.3 System Structure............................................................................................................................... 7 2.4 LoRa Operating Frequencies...........................................................................................................7 2.5 Hardware Structure............................................................................................................................ 7 2.5.1 LoRa Concentrator RAK2245 Pi HAT................................................................................8 2.6 Power Requirements.........................................................................................................................8 2.7 Environmental Requirements.......................................................................................................... 8 2.8 LoRa RF Characteristics.................................................................................................................. 9 2.8.1 Transmitter RF Characteristics........................................................................................... 9 2.8.2 Receiver RF Characteristics..............................................................................................10 3 Antenna.....................................................................................................................................................11 3.1 LoRa Antenna.................................................................................................................................. 11 3.1.1 Overview...............................................................................................................................11 3.1.2 Antenna Dimension.............................................................................................................11 3.1.3 Antenna Parameter.............................................................................................................11 3.2 GPS Antenna................................................................................................................................... 12 3.2.1 Overview...............................................................................................................................12 3.2.2 GPS Antenna Dimensions.................................................................................................12 3.2.3 GPS Environmental Requirements.................................................................................. 12 3.2.4 GPS Antenna Parameter................................................................................................... 13 4 Flash the Gateway Image.....................................................................................................................13 5 Warning.....................................................................................................................................................14 6 Contact Information...............................................................................................................................15 7 Revision History.....................................................................................................................................16 8 Document Summary..............................................................................................................................16 2 RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 2 RAK7243 List of Tables Table 1 | LoRa Operating Frequencies.....................................................................................................7 Table 2 | Power Requirements................................................................................................................... 8 Table 3 | Environment Requirements........................................................................................................8 Table 4 | RF Output Power Level...............................................................................................................9 Table 5 | TX RF Characteristics...............................................................................................................10 Table 6 | RX RF Characteristics...............................................................................................................10 Table 7 | LoRa Antenna Parameter.........................................................................................................11 Table 8 | GPS Environmental Requirements.........................................................................................12 Table 9 | GPS Antenna Parameter..........................................................................................................13 List of Figures Figure 1 | Pilot Gateway Pro Overview..................................................................................................... 5 Figure 2 | Outer Dimensions.......................................................................................................................6 Figure 3 | Interfaces..................................................................................................................................... 6 Figure 4 | Pilot Gateway Pro System Structure....................................................................................... 7 Figure 5 | LoRa Hardware Structure..........................................................................................................8 Figure 6 | LoRa Antenna Overview......................................................................................................... 11 Figure 7 | LoRa Antenna Dimension....................................................................................................... 11 Figure 8 | GPS Antenna............................................................................................................................ 12 Figure 9 | GPS Antenna Dimensions...................................................................................................... 12 3 RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 3 RAK7243 1 Overview 1.1 Introduction The RAK7243 Pilot Gateway Pro is a device that consists of Raspberry Pi 3B+, RAK2245 Pi HAT which includes a GPS module and a Heat Sink for better performance and thermal heat dissipation management. And its housing is built with an aluminum casing. Raspberry Pi 3B+ can support many functions, for marketing purpose, this module only support/enable USB port and Ethernet port in US, the other functions( 2.4G WiFi,5G WiFi, Bluetooth, HDMI port, Audio port) have been forbidden by the manufacturers software. For the build-in RAK2245 Pi HAT, it uses the SX1301 chip from Semtech which built-in LoRa concentrator IP core is a powerful digital signal processing engine. It is able to receive up to 8 LoRa packets simultaneously sent with different spreading factors on different channels and available in multiple variants so it can be used for internartinal standard bands. This unique capability allows to implement innovative network architectures advantageous over other short range systems. It follows Raspberry Pi specifications and is easy to mount with Raspberry Pi and RAK2245 Pi HAT module. Pilot Gateway Pro is ideal for prototyping, proof-of-concept demonstration or for the evaluation. It includes a ready to use LoRaWan Gateway OS that can be connected to a LoRaWan server. Also it is developer friendly and simple even for no-so-techy users to set up LoRaWan system. It has to be the best value and function for connectivity to address a variety of applications like Smart Grid, Intelligent Farm and other IoT enterprise applications. 4 RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 4 RAK7243 Figure 1 | Pilot Gateway Pro Overview 1.2 Main Features Computing with Raspberry Pi 3B+(Linux). SX1301 base band processor, emulates 49 x LoRa demodulators 10 programmable parallel demodulation paths, support 8 uplinks channel, 1 downlink channel. Built-in the Ublox MAX-7Q GPS Module. Built-in Heat Sink for thermal heat dissipation management. TX power up to 11.73dBm, RX sensitivity down to -139dBm@SF12, BW 125KHz. LoRa frequency supports global license-free frequency band (EU433, CN470, EU868, US915, AS923, AU915, KR920, IN865 and AS920). Housing with top cover, body, bottom cover with riveted motherboard standoff. Includes Pi ready 'ID EEPROM', GPIO setup and device tree can be automatically configured from vendor information. Supports fully open source code connected to a LoRaWAN server. 5 RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 5 RAK7243 2 Pilot Gateway Pro RAK7243 2.1 Overview The outer dimension of Pilot Gateway Pro is 92 x 68.3 x 53.5 mm as shown below. Figure 2 | Outer Dimensions 2.2 Interfaces 6 Figure 3 | Interfaces RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 6 RAK7243 2.3 System Structure The following figure shows the basic concept for LoRaWAN system. RAK7243 Pilot Gateway Pro is the central hardware solution for all LoRa based radio communication. It receives and transmits radio messages. The processing of radio messages as well as the protocol related tasks is done by embedded host system (Raspberry Pi). Received and processed radio messages are being sent to a LoRaWAN server. The concrete segmentation of the protocol related tasks is outside the scope of this document. 7 Figure 4 | Pilot Gateway Pro System Structure 2.4 LoRa Operating Frequencies The Pilot Gateway Pro supports all LoRaWAN frequency channels as below. Which is easy to configure while building the firmware from the source code. Region Frequency ( MHz ) North America 903-927.5Mhz Table 1 | LoRa Operating Frequencies 2.5 Hardware Structure RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 7 RAK7243 2.5.1 LoRa Concentrator RAK2245 Pi HAT RAK2245 Pi HAT is a LoRa Concentrator board which follows the Pi HAT standard, and can be mounted to Pi board with 40-pin connector. RAK2245 Pi HAT 8 Figure 5 | LoRa Hardware Structure 2.6 Power Requirements The Pilot Gateway Pro can be powered by micro USB with 5V. Parameter Active Mode(TX) Active Mode(RX) Table 2 | Power Requirements Max. Min. Typical 1500mA 1560mA 2.7 Environmental Requirements The table below lists the operation and storage temperature requirements:
Parameter Operation Temperature Range Storage Temperature Range Min.
-35 C
-40 C Typical
+25 C
+25 C Max.
+55 C
+55 C Table 3 | Environment Requirements RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 8 RAK7243 2.8 LoRa RF Characteristics 2.8.1 Transmitter RF Characteristics The RAK2245 has an excellent transmitter performance. It is highly recommended to use an optimized configuration for the power level configuration, which is part of the HAL. This results in a mean RF output power level and current consumption. NoteThe maximum output power setting should not exceed 11.73dBm. PA Control DAC Control MIX Control DIG Gain 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 8 10 14 9 8 9 11 12 13 12 13 14 10 11 12 13 14 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Nominal RF Power Level
-6 dBm
-3 dBm 0 4 dBm 8 dBm 10 dBm 12 dBm 14 dBm 16 dBm 17 dBm 19 dBm 20 dBm 0 0 25 dBm 26 dBm 27 dBm Table 4 | RF Output Power Level T=25, VDD=5V(Typ.) if nothing else stated. Parameter Condition Min Typ. Max 9 Frequency Range Modulation Techniques FSK/LoRaTM TX Frequency Variation vs. Temperature TX Power Variation vs. Temperature TX Power Variation Power Level Setting : 20 903 MHz
-3 KHz
-5 dBm
-1.5 dBm 927.5 MHz
+3 KHz
+5 dBm
+1.5 dBm RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 9 RAK7243 Table 5 | TX RF Characteristics 2.8.2 Receiver RF Characteristics It is highly recommended, to use optimized RSSI calibration values, which is part of the HAL v3.1. For both, Radio 1 and 2, the RSSI-Offset should be set -
169.0. The following table gives typically sensitivity level of the RAK2245. Signal Bandwidth / [KHz]
Spreading Factor Sensitivity / [dBm]
125 125 250 250 500 500 Table 6 | RX RF Characteristics 12 7 12 7 12 7
-139
-126
-136
-123
-134
-120 10 RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 10 RAK7243 3 Antenna 3.1 LoRa Antenna 3.1.1 Overview The LoRa Antenna with RP-SMA female connector shown as follow figures. Figure 6 | LoRa Antenna Overview 3.1.2 Antenna Dimension The antenna's mechanical dimension is shown below:
11 Figure 7 | LoRa Antenna Dimension 3.1.3 Antenna Parameter Items Voltage Standard Wave Radio (VSWR) Gain Working Temperature & Humidity Storage Temperature & Humidity Specifications 1:1.5 2.0 dBi T:-35 C ~ +80 C, H: 0% ~ 95%
T:-40 C ~ +85 C, H: 0% ~ 95%
Table 7 | LoRa Antenna Parameter RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 11 RAK7243 3.2 GPS Antenna 3.2.1 Overview The GPS antenna for Pilot Gateway Pro is shown below. Figure 8 | GPS Antenna 3.2.2 GPS Antenna Dimensions 12 Figure 9 | GPS Antenna Dimensions 3.2.3 GPS Environmental Requirements The antenna environmental requirements are listed in the table below:
Conditions Temperature Humidity Working Storage
-35 C ~ +80 C 0% ~ 95%
-40 C ~ +85 C 0% ~ 95%
Table 8 | GPS Environmental Requirements RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 12 RAK7243 3.2.4 GPS Antenna Parameter Antenna specifications are listed in the table below:
Item Range of Receiving Frequency Specifications 1575.421.1 Center Frequency (MHz) w/ 30mm2 GND plane 1575.42 Bandwidth (MHz) (Return Loss -10dB) VSWR (in Center Frequency) Gain (Zenith) (dBi Typ.) w/ 70mm2 GND Plane Axial Ratio (dB) w/ 70mm2 GND Plane 10 2.0 4.5 3.0 Polarization Impedance () Frequency Temperature Coefficient (ppm/C) Table 9 | GPS Antenna Parameter Right-Handed Circular 50 010 PET 2.5 3.0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.2
-
-
-
4 Flash the Gateway Image 13 When you received your gateway, firstly you need flash the gateway image by yourself. Please refer to the Image Start Quide for RAK7243, here is the link:
https://www.rakwireless.com/en/download/LoRa/Pilot-Gateway-Pro-RAK7243#Application-
Notes RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 13 RAK7243 5 Warning FCC WarningThis device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions.
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference;
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Any Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
-Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
-Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
-Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. This module complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment .This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20 cm between the radiator& your body. Manufacture name and address Shenzhen Rakwireless Technology Co., Ltd. Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street, Nanshan District, Shenzhen RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 14 14 RAK7243 6 Contact Information Shenzhen Business ken.yu@rakwireless.com Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street, Nan shan District, Shenzhen Shenzhen Technical steven.tang@rakwireless.com 0755-86108311 Room 506, Bldg B, New Compark, Pingshan First Road, Taoyuan Street, Nan Shan District, Shenzhen 15 RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 15 7 Revision History Revision Description 1.0 1.1 Initial version Update the description, some pictures RAK7243 Date 2018-12-21 2019-01-15 8 Document Summary Document Name:
Revision Number:
RAK7243 Pilot Gateway Pro User Manual V1.0 Prepared by Checked by:
Approved by:
Terry & Penn Terry 16 About RAKwireless:
RAKwireless is the pioneer in providing innovative and diverse cellular and LoRa connectivity solutions for IoT edge devices. It's easy and modular design can be used in different IoT applications and accelerate time-to-market. For more information, please visit RAKwireless website at www.rakwireless.com. RAK7243 User Manual V1.1 16