Hardware Integration Guide AirPrime AR7592 41110461 0.1 January 16, 2017 Hardware Integration Guide Important Notice Due to the nature of wireless communications, transmission and reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost. Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in a normal manner with a well-constructed network, the Sierra Wireless modem should not be used in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless accepts no responsibility for damages of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using the Sierra Wireless modem, or for failure of the Sierra Wireless modem to transmit or receive such data. Safety and Hazards Do not operate the Sierra Wireless modem in areas where cellular modems are not advised without proper device certifications. These areas include environments where cellular radio can interfere such as explosive atmospheres, medical equipment, or any other equipment which may be susceptible to any form of radio interference. The Sierra Wireless modem can transmit signals that could interfere with this equipment. Do not operate the Sierra Wireless modem in any aircraft, whether the aircraft is on the ground or in flight. In aircraft, the Sierra Wireless modem MUST BE POWERED OFF. When operating, the Sierra Wireless modem can transmit signals that could interfere with various onboard systems. Note:
Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the ground and the door is open. Sierra Wireless modems may be used at this time. The driver or operator of any vehicle should not operate the Sierra Wireless modem while in control of a vehicle. Doing so will detract from the driver or operators control and operation of that vehicle. In some states and provinces, operating such communications devices while in control of a vehicle is an offence. Limitations of Liability This manual is provided as is. Sierra Wireless makes no warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied, including any implied warranties of merchantability, fitness for a particular purpose, or noninfringement. The recipient of the manual shall endorse all risks arising from its use. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Sierra Wireless. SIERRA WIRELESS AND ITS AFFILIATES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, GENERAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOSS OF PROFITS OR REVENUE OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS OR REVENUE ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY SIERRA WIRELESS PRODUCT, EVEN IF SIERRA WIRELESS AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR THEY ARE FORESEEABLE OR FOR CLAIMS BY ANY THIRD PARTY. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall Sierra Wireless and/or its affiliates aggregate liability arising under or in connection with the Sierra Wireless product, regardless of the number of events, occurrences, or claims giving rise to liability, be in excess of the price paid by the purchaser for the Sierra Wireless product. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 2 Hardware Integration Guide Patents This product may contain technology developed by or for Sierra Wireless Inc. This product includes technology licensed from QUALCOMM. This product is manufactured or sold by Sierra Wireless Inc. or its affiliates under one or more patents licensed from InterDigital Group and MMP Portfolio Licensing. Copyright 2016 Sierra Wireless. All rights reserved. Trademarks Sierra Wireless, AirPrime, AirLink, AirVantage, WISMO, ALEOS and the Sierra Wireless and Open AT logos are registered trademarks of Sierra Wireless, Inc. or one of its subsidiaries. Watcher is a registered trademark of Netgear, Inc., used under license. Windows and Windows Vista are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Macintosh and Mac OS X are registered trademarks of Apple Inc., registered in the U.S. and other countries. QUALCOMM is a registered trademark of QUALCOMM Incorporated. Used under license. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Contact Information Sales information and technical support, including warranty and returns Web: sierrawireless.com/company/contact-us/
Global toll-free number: 1-877-687-7795 6:00 am to 6:00 pm PST Corporate and product information Web: sierrawireless.com 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 3 Hardware Integration Guide Document History Version Date Updates 0.1 January 16, 20167 Creation 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 4 Contents 1. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................. 9 1.1. 1.2. General Features .............................................................................................................. 9 Power ................................................................................................................................ 9 1.3. 1.3.1. RF .................................................................................................................................... 10 GSM RF Interface .................................................................................................... 10 1.3.1.1. GSM TX Output Power.................................................................................................. 10 1.3.1.2. GSM RX Sensitivity ....................................................................................................... 10 1.3.2. WCDMA RF Interface .............................................................................................. 11 1.3.2.1. WCDMA TX Output Power ............................................................................................ 11 1.3.2.2. WCDMA RX Sensitivity ................................................................................................. 11 LTE RF Interface ...................................................................................................... 12 1.3.3.1. LTE TX Output Power ................................................................................................... 12 1.3.3.2. LTE RX Sensitivity ........................................................................................................ 13 1.3.4. WWAN Antenna Interface ........................................................................................ 14 1.3.4.1. WWAN Antenna Recommendations ............................................................................. 14 1.3.3. 1.4. 1.4.1. 1.4.2. GNSS .............................................................................................................................. 16 GNSS Receiver ........................................................................................................ 16 GNSS Antenna Interface .......................................................................................... 17 1.4.2.1. GNSS Antenna Recommendations ............................................................................... 17 1.5. Electrical Specifications ................................................................................................... 17 Absolute Maximum Ratings ..................................................................................... 17 Digital IO Characteristics .......................................................................................... 18 1.5.1. 1.5.2. 2. AUDIO SPECIFICATION .................................................................................... 21 2.1. Digital Audio .................................................................................................................... 21 3. ROUTING CONSTRAINTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................. 22 3.1. 3.2. 3.3. 3.4. 3.5. RF Routing Recommendations ....................................................................................... 22 USB Routing Recommendations ..................................................................................... 24 Power and Ground Recommendations ........................................................................... 24 Antenna Recommendations ............................................................................................ 25 Interface Circuit Recommendations ................................................................................ 25 4. FIRMWARE AND TOOLS .................................................................................. 26 4.1. 4.2. Modem Firmware............................................................................................................. 26 Tools ................................................................................................................................ 26 5. APPROVAL ........................................................................................................ 27 5.1. 5.2. 5.3. 5.4. Important Notice .............................................................................................................. 27 Safety and Hazards ......................................................................................................... 27 Important Compliance Information .................................................................................. 27 IC Regulations ................................................................................................................. 29 Radiation Exposure Statement ................................................................................ 29 5.4.1. 6. REFERENCES ................................................................................................... 30 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 5 Hardware Integration Guide 7. ABBREVIATIONS .............................................................................................. 31 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 6 List of Figures Figure 1. AppCAD Screenshot for Microstrip Design Power Mode Diagram ................................. 22 Figure 2. RF Routing Examples ..................................................................................................... 23 Figure 3. Coplanar Clearance Example ......................................................................................... 23 Figure 4. Antenna Microstrip Routing Example .............................................................................. 24 Figure 5. AirPrime AR759x Series Interface Reference Circuit...................................................... 25 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 7 List of Tables Table 1. AirPrime AR759x Series Embedded Modules .................................................................. 9 Table 2. AirPrime AR759x Series Supported Carrier Aggregation Combinations1 ......................... 9 Table 3. Power Supply Requirements ............................................................................................. 9 Table 4. Power Supply Pads ......................................................................................................... 10 Table 5. Conducted TX (Transmit) Max output Power Tolerances GSM/EDGE Bands ............ 10 Table 6. Conducted RX (Receive) Sensitivity GSM/EDGE Bands ............................................ 11 Table 7. Conducted TX (Transmit) Max output Power Tolerances WCDMA Bands ................. 11 Table 8. Conducted Primary RX (Receive) Sensitivity UMTS Bands1 ....................................... 11 Table 9. Conducted Secondary RX (Receive) Sensitivity UMTS Bands1 .................................. 12 Table 10. Conducted TX (Transmit) Max output Power Tolerances LTE Bands ......................... 12 Table 11. Conducted RX Sensitivity 3GPP (BW: 10MHz) LTE Bands1, 4..................................... 13 Table 12. Conducted RX Sensitivity SISO (BW: 10MHz) LTE Bands1 ........................................ 13 Table 13. WWAN Antenna Interface Pads ...................................................................................... 14 Table 14. AirPrime AR759x Series WWAN Antenna Recommendations ....................................... 14 Table 15. GNSS Specifications ....................................................................................................... 16 Table 16. GNSS Antenna Interface Pads ........................................................................................ 17 Table 17. AirPrime AR759x Series Absolute Maximum Ratings..................................................... 17 Table 18. Digital IO Characteristics for VCC=1.8V Nominal ........................................................... 18 Table 19. Digital IO Characteristics for SDIO VCC=1.8V Nominal ................................................. 19 Table 20. Digital IO Characteristics for SDIO VCC=2.85V Nominal ............................................... 19 Table 21. Digital IO Characteristics for UICC_VCC=1.8V Nominal ................................................ 20 Table 22. Digital IO Characteristics for UICC_VCC=2.85V Nominal .............................................. 20 Table 23. Digital Audio Interface Pads1 ........................................................................................... 21 Table 24. Approved Antenna Types ................................................................................................ 29 Table 25. Reference Specifications ................................................................................................. 30 Table 26. Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... 31 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 8 1. Introduction 1.1. General Features The AirPrime AR7592 embedded modules are designed for the automotive industry. They support LTE, WCDMA air interface standards and shares hardware and firmware interfaces with the AirPrime AR755x and AR758x. They also have Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) capabilities including GPS and GLONASS. The AirPrime AR7592 embedded modules are based on the Qualcomm MDM9640 wireless chipset and support the following bands. Table 1. AirPrime AR759x Series Embedded Modules Product Description Band Support Target Region1 AR7592 LTE-CA / WCDMA / GSM /
GPRS / EDGE embedded module LTE: B2, B4, B5, B7*, B12, B13*, B17, B29 WCDMA: B2, B4, B5, B6 GSM/GPRS/EDGE: 850/1900 North America
(Canada, US, Mexico) 1 Other regions or operators which use the same frequency bands may also be supported, subject to review and confirmation by Sierra Wireless.
*
Optional band Table 2. AirPrime AR759x Series Supported Carrier Aggregation Combinations1 Mode AR7592 Intra-band CA (2CC), Non contiguous 4A+4A, (7A+7A) 2 Intra-band CA (2CC), Contiguous
(7C) 2 2A+5A, 2A+12A, (2A+13A) 2, 2A+17A, 2A+29A, 4A+5A, 4A+12A, (4A+13A) 2, 4A+17A, 4A+29A Inter-band CA ( 2CC ) 1 Refer to 3GPP 2 Optional Band 1.2. Power The AirPrime AR7592 are powered via a single regulated DC power supply, 3.7V nominal. Table 3. Power Supply Requirements Power Supply Min Main DC Power Input Range (VBATT) 3.4 Power Supply Ripple Peak Current 0 to 1kHz
>1kHz AR759X
-
-
-
Typ 3.7
-
-
2000 Max 4.2 200 50 3000 Units V mVpp mVpp mA 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 9 Hardware Integration Guide Table 4. Power Supply Pads Introduction Pad Name Direction Function EA2 EB2 VBATT VBATT EC2 VBATT Input Input Input Power Supply Input Power Supply Input Power Supply Input If Unused Must Be Used Must Be Used Must Be Used 1.3. RF This section presents the WWAN RF interface of the AirPrime AR7592. The specifications for the LTE, GSM and WCDMA interfaces are defined. 1.3.1. GSM RF Interface This section presents the GSM RF Specification for the AirPrime AR7592. 1.3.1.1. GSM TX Output Power The GSM Maximum Transmitter Output Power of the AirPrime AR7592 are specified in the following table. Note:
All values presented in the table below are preliminary. Table 5. Conducted TX (Transmit) Max output Power Tolerances GSM/EDGE Bands Band Standard 1
(dBm)1 Standard 2
(dBm)2 TX Power @
+25C (dBm) TX Power @
Class A (dBm) 3 Notes GSM 850 33 2dB 33 2.5dB 33 2.5dB 33 2dB GMSK mode, connectorized(Class 4;
2 W, 33 dBm) GSM 1900 30 2dB 30 2.5dB 30 2dB 30 2.5dB GMSK mode GSM 850 27 3dB 27 4dB 27 3dB 27 4dB 8PSK mode, connectorized(Class E2; 0.5 W, 27 dBm) GSM 1900 26 3dB 26 4dB 26 3dB 26 4dB 8PSK mode 1 Per 3GPP TS 51.010-1 Requirement for Normal condition. 2 Per 3GPP TS 51.010-1 Requirement for Extreme conditions 3 Test at Class A extreme condition 1.3.1.2. GSM RX Sensitivity The GSM Receiver Sensitivities of the AirPrime AR759x Series are specified in the following table. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 10 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Table 6. Conducted RX (Receive) Sensitivity GSM/EDGE Bands GSM/EDGE Bands Limit (dBm) 1 GSM 850 PCS 1900 2% BER CS 10% BLER 10% BLER 2% BER CS 10% BLER 10% BLER CS GMSK CS1 EDGE MCS5 CS GMSK CS1 EDGE MCS5
-102
-104
-98
-102
-104
-98 1 Per 3GPP specification 2 Test at Class A extreme condition Room Typical
(dBm)
-109 Tbd Tbd
-108.5 Tbd Tbd Class A
(Extreme) Typical (dBm) 2 Class A Limit (dBm) tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd
-103
-105
-99
-103
-105
-99 1.3.2. WCDMA RF Interface This section presents the WCDMA RF Specification for the AirPrime AR759x Series. 1.3.2.1. WCDMA TX Output Power The WCDMA Maximum Transmitter Output Power of the AirPrime AR759x Series is specified in the following table. Note:
All values presented in the table below are preliminary. Table 7. Conducted TX (Transmit) Max output Power Tolerances WCDMA Bands Band1 Limit (dBm) 2 Room (dBm) Class A (Extreme) (dBm) 3 B2 B4 B5 B6 24 +1.7/-3.7dB 23.5 +2.2/-2.7dB 24 +1.7/-3.7dB 23.5 +2.2/-2.7dB 24 +1.7/-3.7dB 23.5 +2.2/-2.7dB 24 +1.7/-3.7dB 23.5 +2.2/-2.7dB tbd tbd tbd tbd 1 Connectorized (Class 3) 2 Per 3GPP TS 34.121-1 Specification 3 Test at Class A extreme condition 1.3.2.2. WCDMA RX Sensitivity The WCDMA Receiver Sensitivities of the AirPrime AR759x Series are specified in the following table. Table 8. Conducted Primary RX (Receive) Sensitivity UMTS Bands1 Band Limit (dBm) 2 Room Typical (dBm) Class A
(Extreme) Typical
(dBm)3 Class A Limit (dBm) B2 B4
-104.7
-106.7
-109
-110 Tbd Tbd
-105.5
-107.5 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 11 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Band Limit (dBm) 2 Room Typical (dBm) Class A
(Extreme) Typical
(dBm)3 Class A Limit (dBm) B5 B6
-104.7
-106.7
-110.5
-110.5 Tbd tbd
-105.5
-107.5 1 1: CS 0.1% BER 12.2 kbps 2 Per 3GPP specification 3 Test at Class A extreme condition Table 9. Conducted Secondary RX (Receive) Sensitivity UMTS Bands1 Band Room Typical (dBm) Class A (Extreme) Typical (dBm) 2 Class A Limit ( dBm) B2 B4 B5 B6 tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd 1 CS 0.1% BER 12.2 kbps 2 Test at Class A extreme condition 1.3.3. LTE RF Interface
-105.5
-107.5
-105.5
-107.5 This section presents the LTE RF Specification for the AirPrime AR759x Series. 1.3.3.1. LTE TX Output Power The LTE Maximum Transmitter Output Power of the AirPrime AR759x Series are specified in the following table. Note:
The test configuration for all of the entries in the table below is per 3GPP specification, Connectorized (Class 3). Note:
All values in the table below are preliminary. Table 10. Conducted TX (Transmit) Max output Power Tolerances LTE Bands Band Standard (dBm)
(Note 2) Class A (dBm) (Note 3) Notes B2 B4 B5 B7 B12 B13 B17 23 2.7dB 23 2.7dB 23 2.7dB 23 2.7dB 23 2.7dB 23 +2.7/-1.7 dB 23 2.7dB 23 2.2dB 23 2.2dB 23 2.2dB 23 2.2dB 23 2.2dB 23 2.2dB 23 2.2dB Note 1,4 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1,4 Note 1,4 Note 1 Note 1 Note 1: The test configurations for all of the entries in the table above are per 3GPP specification, Connectorized (Class 3). 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 12 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Note 2: Per 3GPP TS 36.521-1 6.2.2 UE Maximum Output Power ( No MPR);and for B13,Per VzWs Supplementary_RF_Conformance. 2.1 Maximum Output Power No MPR Or A-MPR Note 3: Class A is defined in 3.3 Environmental Note 4: For transmission bandwidths (Figure 5.4.2-1 in 3GPP TS 36.521-1) confined within FUL_low and FUL_low + 4 MHz or FUL_high 4 MHz and FUL_high, the maximum output power requirement is relaxed by reducing the lower tolerance limit by 1.5 dB. 1.3.3.2. LTE RX Sensitivity The LTE Receiver Sensitivities of the AirPrime AR759x Series are specified in the following table. Note:
For the table below:
Dual receiver (SIMO) per 3GPP TS 36.521-1 Rx Sensitivity Specification. Sensitivity values scale with bandwidth:
x_MHz_Sensitivity = 10 MHz_Sensitivity 10*log(10 MHz/x_MHz) 10 MHz BW,and 50 RB DownLink and Up Link RB configuration is as 3GPP TS 36.521-1 Table 7.3.5-2. All values are preliminary pending transceiver matching and testing. Table 11. Conducted RX Sensitivity 3GPP (BW: 10MHz) LTE Bands1, 4 Band B2 B4 B7 B12 B13 B17 Standard
(dBm)2 Room Typical
(dBm) Class A (Extreme) Typical (dBm)5 Class A Limit
(dBm)5
-94.3
-96.3
-94.3
-93.3
-93.3
-93.3
-100
-100
-100
-101
-101
-101 tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd
-95
-97
-95
-94
-94
-94 1: Dual receiver (SIMO) per 3GPP TS 36.521-1 Rx Sensitivity Specification for Non-CA Configuration 2: Per 3GPP Specification. 3: Sensitivity values scale with bandwidth: x_MHz_Sensitivity = 10 MHz_Sensitivity 10*log(10 MHz/x_MHz) 4: 10 MHz BW,and 50 RB DownLink and Up Link RB configuration is as 3GPP TS 36.521-1 Table 7.3.5-2. 5: Class A is defined in 3.3 Environmental Note:
For the table below:
Sensitivity values scale with bandwidth:
x_MHz_Sensitivity = 10 MHz_Sensitivity 10*log(10 MHz/x_MHz) 10 MHz BW,and 50 RB DownLink and Up Link as 3GPP TS 36.521-1 Table 7.3.5-2. All values are preliminary pending transceiver matching and testing. Table 12. Conducted RX Sensitivity SISO (BW: 10MHz) LTE Bands1 Band B2 B4 B5 Room Typical (dBm) Class A (Extreme)Typical
(dBm)1 Class A Limit (dBm) 1 Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Primary Secondary
-97
-97.5
-98
-98
-98
-98.5 tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd
-92
-94
-92
-92
-94
-92 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 13 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Band B7 B12 B13 B17 Room Typical (dBm) Class A (Extreme)Typical
(dBm)1 Class A Limit (dBm) 1 Primary Secondary Primary Secondary Primary Secondary
-96.5
-97.5
-98
-97
-98
-99
-98
-99 tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd tbd
-92
-91
-91
-91
-92
-91
-91
-91 1: Class A is defined in 3.3 Environmental 1.3.4. WWAN Antenna Interface The WWAN Antenna Interfaces of the AirPrime AR759x Series are defined in the table below. Table 13. WWAN Antenna Interface Pads Pad Name Direction Function BA11 BA12 BA13 BB11 BB12 BA7 BA8 BA9 BB7 BB8 GND Primary Antenna Ground PRIMARY_ANT Input / Output Primary Antenna Interface GND GND GND GND Primary Antenna Ground Primary Antenna Ground Primary Antenna Ground Diversity Antenna Ground DIVERSITY_ANT Input Diversity Antenna Interface GND GND GND Diversity Antenna Ground Diversity Antenna Ground Diversity Antenna Ground 1.3.4.1. WWAN Antenna Recommendations The table below defines the key characteristics to consider for antenna selection. Table 14. AirPrime AR759x Series WWAN Antenna Recommendations Parameter Requirements Comments Antenna system External multi-band 2x2 MIMO antenna system (Ant1/Ant2)a Operating bands of Ant1 and Ant2b 698960 MHz 14511512 MHz 17101995 MHz 21102170 MHz 25002700 MHz Operating bands depend on modules supported bands/modes VSWR of Ant1 and Ant2 1:1 (ideal)
< 2.5:1 (recommended) On all bands including band edges 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 14 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Parameter Requirements Comments Total radiated efficiency of Ant1 or Ant2
> 50% on all bands Maximum antenna gain Must not exceed antenna gains due to RF exposure and ERP/ EIRP limits, as listed in the modules FCC grant. Isolation between Ant1 and Ant2 (S21)
> 10 dB Measured at the RF connector. Includes mismatch losses, losses in the matching circuit, and antenna losses, excluding cable loss. Sierra Wireless recommends using antenna efficiency as the primary parameter for evaluating the antenna system. Peak gain is not a good indication of antenna performance when integrated with a host device (the antenna does not provide omni-directional gain patterns). Peak gain can be affected by antenna size, location, design type, etc. the antenna gain patterns remain fixed unless one or more of these parameters change. If antennas can be moved, test all positions for both antennas. Unless otherwise specified, this isolation requirement need to be maintained for optimum operation. Make sure all other wireless devices
(Bluetooth or WLAN antennas, etc.) are turned OFF to avoid interference. Maximum Voltage applied to antenna 36 Volts Power handling
> 2 W RF power on low bands
> 1 W on high bands Measure power endurance over 4 hours (estimated talk time) using a 2 W CW signal set the CW test signal frequency to the middle of the PCS TX band (1880 MHz for PCS). Visually inspect device to ensure there is no damage to the antenna structure and matching components. VSWR / TIS / TRP measurements taken before and after this test must show similar results.
* These worst-case VSWR figures for the transmitter bands may not guarantee RSE levels to be within regulatory limits. The device alone meets all regulatory emissions limits when tested into a cabled (conducted) 50 system. With antenna designs with up to 2.5:1 VSWR or worse, the radiated emissions could exceed limits. The antenna system may need to be tuned in order to meet the RSE limits as the complex match between the module and antenna can cause unwanted levels of emissions. Tuning may include antenna pattern changes, phase/delay adjustment, passive component matching. Examples of the application test limits would be included in FCC Part 22, Part 24 and Part 27, test case 4.2.16 for GSM
(ETSI EN 301 511), and test case 4.2.2 for WCDMA (ETSI EN 301 908-1), where applicable. a Ant1Primary, Ant2Diversity (Diversity/MIMO/) b Stated band ranges satisfy requirements for both Ant1 and Ant2. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 15 Hardware Integration Guide 1.4. GNSS Introduction The AirPrime AR759x Series include optional Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) capabilities via the Qualcomm gpsOne Gen8C Engine, capable of operation in assisted and stand-alone modes using GPS, GLONASS, Beidou, Galileo, and QZSS SVs. Note:
Galileo support pending system / satellite deployment. 1.4.1. GNSS Receiver The table below summarizes the GNSS capabilities of the AirPrime AR759x Series. Table 15. GNSS Specifications Parameter/Feature Value GPS GLONASS (FDMA) Beidou Galileo QZSS Tracking Acquisition Hot start:
Warm start Cold start Tracking 4,5,6 Cold start Acquisition Hot start Acquisition Mode Satellite channels Standalone Time To First Fix
(TTFF) 1,2,4,6 Sensitivity
(GPS, GLONASS, BeiDou) Horizontal Position accuracy 1,3,4,5,6, Altitude accuracy 1,3,4,5,6, Velocity accuracy 1,3,4,5,6 Tracking update rates SBAS support 3 L1 L1OF B1L E1 L1-C/A 40 118 1 second for standalone GNSS and AGNSS 3 seconds (with AGNSS) 30 seconds for standalone GNSS, and 5 seconds for AGNSS
-161 dBm
-145 dBm
-158 dBm 2 / 5 7 4 / 8 7 0.1 1 Hz to 10 Hz WAAS, EGNOS, MSAS, SDCM, GAGAN, QZSS NMEA 0183 Version V3.0 Message Protocol Supported Sentences GSV, GNS, GSA, GGA, GRS, RMC, VTG, GPGGA, GPGSV, GNGSA, GPGRS, GPRMC, GPVTG, GNGNS, GPGLL Note:
All GNSS characterization data are measured in conducted RF path with GNSS simulator. Note 1:
Open sky, all SV RF signal level = -130dBm, Number of SVs > 6 Note 2:
TTFF values show results in worst conditions (as an external host user): timing measurement start when GPS control request is sent on AT command interface and stop when NMEA frames (1Hz update) display 2D fix information. Note 3:
Scenarios used for accuracy measurements simulate car travel including direction, altitude and speed variations. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 16 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Note 4:
Best performances are obtained by using external Pre-SAW and LNA for conducted test setup, it is used to simulate the active antenna as customers application. Note 5:
1Hz Navigation used for all tracking/navigation tests. Note 6:
GNSS constellations used: GPS + GLONASS + Galileo + Beidou Note 7:
Accuracy data are provided Circular Error Probable, CEP-50 / CEP-95. Means that 50%/95% of the positions returned calculated have an error lower or equal to the accuracy value. 1.4.2. GNSS Antenna Interface The GNSS Antenna Interface is defined in the table below. Table 16. GNSS Antenna Interface Pads Pad Name Direction Function BA4 BA5 BA6 BB4 BB5 GND GNSS_ANT GND GND GND Input GNSS Antenna Ground GNSS Antenna Interface GNSS Antenna Ground GNSS Antenna Ground GNSS Antenna Ground 1.4.2.1. GNSS Antenna Recommendations To be added in a future revision. 1.5. Electrical Specifications This section provides details of the key electrical specifications of the AirPrime AR759x Series. 1.5.1. Absolute Maximum Ratings This section defines the Absolute Maximum Ratings of the AirPrime AR759x Series. Warning: If operating outside of the defined specifications, even momentarily, damage may occur to the device. Table 17. AirPrime AR759x Series Absolute Maximum Ratings Parameter Min Max Units VBATT Power Supply Input VIN IIN Voltage on any digital input or output pin Latch-up current
-
-
4.5 V VCC_1V8+0.5 V
-100 100 mA 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 17 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Parameter ESD Ratings Min Max Units ESD1 Primary, Secondary and GNSS antenna pads Contact All other signal pads Contact
-
-
8 1.5 kV kV 1 The ESD Simulator configured with 150pF, 330. Caution:
The AirPrime AR759x Series are sensitive to Electrostatic Discharge. ESD countermeasures and handling methods must be used when handling the AirPrime AR759x Series. 1.5.2. Digital IO Characteristics The Digital IO characteristics are defined in the table below. These apply to GPIOs, UART, LED, SPI, I2C, PCM/I2S, GNSS_LNA, WAKE_N, 2G_SYNC, AT_PORT_SW, SERVICE and RESET. Table 18. Digital IO Characteristics for VCC=1.8V Nominal Parameter Comments Min Typ Max Units High level input voltage Low level input voltage CMOS/Schmitt 0.65* VCC_1V8 VCC_1V8+0.3 V CMOS/Schmitt
-0.3 0.35* VCC_1V8 V High level output voltage CMOS, at pin rated drive strength VCC_1V8 0.45 VCC_1V8 VIH VIL VOH VOL IOH IOL IOH-PM IIHPD IILPU IL CIN Low-level output voltage CMOS, at pin rated drive strength VOH-PM High level output voltage CMOS, at pin rated drive strength VOL-PM Low-level output voltage CMOS, at pin rated drive strength 0 1.50
-6
-0.3 High level output current VOH = VCC_1V8 0.45 V Low Level output current High level output current VOL = 0.45 V GPIO_PMxx only Input high leakage current Logic High with pull-
down 27.5 Logic Low with pull-up
-97.5 Input low leakage current Input leakage current Input capacitance VIO = max, VIN = 0 V to VIO LED signal only 0.45 VCC_1V8 0.30 6 0.90 97.5
-27.5
+0.35 5 V V V V mA mA mA A A A pF 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 18 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction Caution:
Digital IOs shall not be pulled-up to an external voltage as this may cause VCC_1V8 to not go low when the AirPrime AR759x Series are powered down. Also, this would partially bias the AirPrime AR759x Series which could potentially damage the device or result in GPIOs being set to undetermined levels. The SDIO characteristics are defined in the table below. Table 19. Digital IO Characteristics for SDIO VCC=1.8V Nominal Parameter Comments High level input voltage Low level input voltage CMOS/Schmitt CMOS/Schmitt Schmitt hysteresis voltage Input high leakage current Input low leakage current No pull-down No pull-up High-level output voltage CMOS, at rated drive strength Low level output voltage CMOS, at rated drive strength Tri-state leakage current Logic high out, no pull-
down Tri-state leakage current Logic High with pull-up
-5 Table 20. Digital IO Characteristics for SDIO VCC=2.85V Nominal Parameter Comments High level input voltage Low level input voltage CMOS/Schmitt CMOS/Schmitt Schmitt hysteresis voltage Input high leakage current Input low leakage current No pull-down No pull-up High-level output voltage CMOS, at rated drive strength Low level output voltage CMOS, at rated drive strength Tri-state leakage current Logic high out, no pull-
down Tri-state leakage current Logic High with pull-up
-10 VIH VIL VSHYS IIH IIL VOH VOL IOZH IOZL VIH VIL VSHYS IIH IIL VOH VOL IOZH IOZL Min 1.27
-0.3 100
-5 1.4 Min 1.78
-0.3 100
-10 2.14 Typ Max Units 2.0 0.58 5 0.45 5 V V mV A A V V A A Typ Max Units 3.15 0.71 10 2.85 0.36 10 V V mV A A V V A A 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 19 Hardware Integration Guide Introduction The UICC characteristics are defined in the table below. Table 21. Digital IO Characteristics for UICC_VCC=1.8V Nominal Parameter Comments Min Typ Max Units VIH VIL VSHYS IIH IIL VOH VOL IOZH IOZL VIH VIL VSHYS IIH IIL VOH VOL IOZH IOZL High level input voltage Low level input voltage CMOS/Schmitt 0.7* UICC_VCC CMOS/Schmitt
-0.3 Schmitt hysteresis voltage Input high leakage current Input low leakage current No pull-down No pull-up High-level output voltage CMOS, at rated drive strength Low level output current CMOS, at rated drive strength Tri-state leakage current Logic high out, no pull-
down Tri-state leakage current Logic High with pull-up
-5 0.8* UICC_VCC UICC_VCC 0.45 5 High level input voltage Low level input voltage CMOS/Schmitt 0.7* UICC_VCC CMOS/Schmitt
-0.3 Schmitt hysteresis voltage Input high leakage current Input low leakage current No pull-down No pull-up High-level output voltage CMOS, at rated drive strength Low level output current CMOS, at rated drive strength Tri-state leakage current Logic high out, no pull-
down Tri-state leakage current Logic High with pull-up
-10 0.8* UICC_VCC UICC_VCC 0.4 10 UICC_VCC +
0.3 0.2*
UICC_VCC 20 1000 UICC_VCC +
0.3 0.2*
UICC_VCC 20 1000 V V mV A A V V A A V V mV A A V V A A 100 20 0 100 20 0 Table 22. Digital IO Characteristics for UICC_VCC=2.85V Nominal Parameter Comments Min Typ Max Units 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 20 2. Audio Specification 2.1. Digital Audio The AirPrime AR759x Series provides two 4-wire digital audio interfaces. Each interface can be configured as either a PCM or an I2S interface. Table 23. Digital Audio Interface Pads1 Pad Mode Name Direction 2 Function If Unused DA3 DB3 DC2 DD2 DD3 DD4 DE2 DC4 PCM I2S PCM I2S PCM I2S PCM I2S PCM_CLK I2S_SCLK PCM_FS I2S_WS PCM_DOUT I2S_DOUT PCM_DIN I2S_DIN PCM2 PCM_CLK I2S2 I2S_SCLK PCM2 PCM_FS I2S2 I2S_WS PCM2 PCM_DOUT I2S2 I2S_DOUT PCM2 PCM_DIN I2S2 I2S_DIN Output Output Output Input Output Output Output Input PCM Clock I2S Bit Clock PCM Frame Sync I2S Word Select PCM Data Out I2S Data Out PCM Data In I2S Data In PCM Clock I2S Bit Clock PCM Frame Sync I2S Word Select PCM Data Out I2S Data Out PCM Data In I2S Data In Leave Open Leave Open Leave Open Leave Open Leave Open Leave Open Leave Open Leave Open 1 PCM2/I2S2 is multiplexed with SPI2/UART3 and is not available if either SPI2/UART3 is configured 2 Direction when defined in Master mode. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 21 3. Routing Constraints and Recommendations Layout and routing of the AirPrime AR759x Series in the application is critical to maintaining the performance of the radio. The following sections provide guidance to the developer when designing their application to include an AirPrime AR759x Series and achieve optimal system performance. 3.1. RF Routing Recommendations To route the RF antenna signals, the following recommendations must be observed for PCB layout:
The RF signals must be routed using traces with a 50 characteristic impedance. Basically, the characteristic impedance depends on the dielectric constant (r) of the material used, trace width (W), trace thickness (T), and height (H) between the trace and the reference ground plane. In order to respect this constraint, Sierra Wireless recommends that a MicroStrip structure be used and trace width be computed with a simulation tool (such as AppCAD, shown in the figure below and available free of charge at http://www.avagotech.com). Figure 1. AppCAD Screenshot for Microstrip Design Power Mode Diagram The trace width should be wide enough to maintain reasonable insertion loss and manufacturing reliability. Cutting out inner layers of ground under the trace will increase the effective substrate height; therefore, increasing the width of the RF trace. Caution:
It is critical that no other signals (digital, analog, or supply) cross under the RF path. The figure below shows a generic example of good and poor routing techniques. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 22 Hardware Integration Guide Routing Constraints and Recommendations Poor routing Correct routing The yellow traces cross the RF trace. There is no signal around the RF path. Figure 2. RF Routing Examples Fill the area around the RF traces with ground and ground vias to connect inner ground layers for isolation. Cut out ground fill under RF signal pads to reduce stray capacitance losses. Avoid routing RF traces with sharp corners. A smooth radius is recommended. E.g. Use of 45 angles instead of 90. The ground reference plane should be a solid continuous plane under the trace. The coplanar clearance (G, below) from the trace to the ground should be at least the trace width (W) and at least twice the height (H). This reduces the parasitic capacitance, which potentially alters the trace impedance and increases the losses. E.g. If W = 100 microns then G = 200 microns in an ideal setup. G = 150 microns would also be acceptable is space is limited. Figure 3. Coplanar Clearance Example Note:
The figure above shows several internal ground layers cut out, which may not be necessary for every application. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 23 Hardware Integration Guide Routing Constraints and Recommendations Figure 4. Antenna Microstrip Routing Example 3.2. USB Routing Recommendations HighSpeed USB signals (USB_D_P / USB_D_M) are a differential pair and must be routed with the following considerations/constraints:
90 Ohm differential +/- 10% trace impedance, Differential trace length pair matching < 2mm (15 ps), Solid reference planes, Trace lengths < 120 mm, And 2x the trace width separation to all adjacent signals. SuperSpeed USB adds two differential pairs (SSRX+ / SSRX- and SSTX+ / SSTX-). These pairs should be routed with the following considerations/constraints:
90 Ohm differential +/- 15% trace impedance, Differential trace length pair matching < 0.7mm (5 ps), Trace lengths < 112 mm, And GND isolation from other adjacent traces with minimum of 2x the SSRX/SSTX trace wdith. 3.3. Power and Ground Recommendations Power and ground routing is critical to achieving optimal performance of the AirPrime AR759x Series when integrated into an application. Recommendations:
Do not use a separate GND for the Antennas. Connections to GND from the AirPrime AR759x Series should be flooded plane using thermal reliefs to ensure reliable solder joints. VBATT is recommended to be routed as a wide trace(s) directly from the power supply to the LGA pad. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 24 AR759xRF ConnectorGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDGNDANT50 Ohm Controlled Impedance Trace2x Ground holdback twice the trace widthGNDGNDGNDGND Hardware Integration Guide Routing Constraints and Recommendations 3.4. Antenna Recommendations Connecting the antenna ground reference to the vehicle chassis is not recommended since that has been known to cause noise from the engine to couple into the audio of the device. It is ultimately up to the integrator to evaluate this performance. 3.5. Interface Circuit Recommendations The recommended interface implementation is to use a dual-supply bus transceiver with configurable voltage translation. This allows a host processor operating at a different voltage to communicate with the AirPrime AR759x Series using the appropriate voltage levels. The figure below is a reference circuit for a digital input / output signal to / from the AirPrime AR759x Series. Figure 5. AirPrime AR759x Series Interface Reference Circuit The dual-supply bus transceiver with configurable voltage translation used in the reference circuit above is the Texas Instruments SN74AVC1T45. If a Digital IO signal is used bidirectional in the application then a bidirectional level translator, such as Texas Instruments TCA9406 is needed. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 25 VCCAVCCBDIRABGPIOxVCC_1V8ApplVcc (1.2V 3.6V)ApplGPIOxDirectionL = B to AH = A to B 4. Firmware and Tools The AirPrime AR7592 are designed based on Qualcomms MDM9240 chipset, which contains a Modem Processor for running modem firmware components and an Application Processor for running embedded Linux applications. Various tools are provided by Qualcomm and developed by Sierra Wireless for developing and commercializing the AirPrime AR7592. 4.1. Modem Firmware The MDM9240 Modem Process contains the following categories of firmware, with possible modifications/extensions by Sierra Wireless as indicated:
LTE/ WCDMA/ TD-SCDMA air interface protocols GNSS engine AT Command Processor: New AT commands will be added by Sierra Wireless. See document [8] for the complete list of AT Commands for the AirPrime AR759x Series. IMS protocol stack Data services Drivers/ BSP: Some modifications will be made to ensure the firmware can communicate with the AirPrime AR759x Series hardware properly. UICC functions Memory Management: Built-in redundancy and continuous monitoring against memory corruption Antenna Protection Voice support 4.2. Tools The following tools will be needed for the AirPrime AR7592 development, testing and commercialization. Firmware Update Tool Linux driver and Application Downloader Provisioning Tool Logging Tool Qualcomms QXDM (license with Qualcomm required) Qualcomms QPST (license with Qualcomm required) 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 26 5. Approval 5.1. Important Notice Because of the nature of wireless communications, transmission and reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost. Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in a normal manner with a well-constructed network, the Sierra Wireless modem should not be used in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless and its affiliates accept no responsibility for damages of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using Sierra Wireless modem, or for failure of the Sierra Wireless modem to transmit or receive such data. 5.2. Safety and Hazards Do not operate the AirPrime AR7592:
In areas where blasting is in progress Where explosive atmospheres may be present including refueling points, fuel depots, and chemical plants Near medical equipment, life support equipment, or any equipment which may be susceptible to any form of radio interference. In such areas, the AirPrime AR7592 device MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the AirPrime AR7592 device can transmit signals that could interfere with this equipment In an aircraft, the AirPrime AR7592 device MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the AirPrime AR7592 device can transmit signals that could interfere with various onboard systems and may be dangerous to the operation of the aircraft or disrupt the cellular network. Use of cellular phone in aircraft is illegal in some jurisdictions. Failure to observe this instruction may lead to suspension or denial of cellular telephone services to the offender, or legal action or both. Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the ground and the door is open. The AirPrime AR7592 device may be used normally at this time. 5.3. Important Compliance Information The AirPrime AR7592 is granted with a modular approval for mobile applications. Integrators may use the AR7592 device in their final products without additional FCC/IC (Industry Canada) certification if they meet the following conditions. Otherwise, additional FCC/IC approvals must be obtained. 1. At least 20cm separation distance between the antenna and the users body must be maintained at all times. 2. To comply with FCC/IC regulations limiting both maximum RF output power and human exposure to RF radiation, the maximum antenna gain including cable loss in a mobile-only exposure condition must not exceed the gain values presented in the table below:
4.0 dBi in Cellular band 5.0 dBi in PCS band 4.0 dBi in LTE Band 4/AWS band 5.0 dBi in LTE Band 7 4.0 dBi in LTE Band 12 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 27 Hardware Integration Guide 4.0 dBi in LTE Band 13 4.0 dBi in LTE Band 17 Approval 3. The AR7592 modem may transmit simultaneously with other collocated radio transmitters within a host device, provided the following conditions are met:
Each collocated radio transmitter has been certfied by FCC / IC for mobile application. At least 20 cm separation distance between the antennas of the collocated transmitters and the users body must be maintained at all times. The output power and antenna gain must not exceed the limits and configu-rations stipulated in the following table. Device Technology Band Frequency (MHz) EIPR Limits
(dbm) Maximum antenna gain AR7592 Module Collocated transmitters*
LTE UMTS GPRS EDGE WLAN WiMAX BT 2 4 5 7 12 13 17 2 4 5 2 5 2 5 1850-1910 1710-1755 824-849 2500 2570 699 -716 777 - 787 704-716 1850-1910 1710-1755 824-849 1850-1910 824-849 1850-1910 824-849 2400-2500 5150-580 2300-2400 2500-2700 3300-3800 2400-2500 27 27 27 27 27 20 5 4 3 5 3 3 3 5 4 3 5 3 5 3
*. Valid collocated Transmitter combinations: WLAN+BT; WiMAX+BT. (WLAN+WiMAX+BT is not permitted.) 4. A label must be affixed to the outside of the end product into which the AirPrime AR7552 device is incorporated, with a statement similar to the following:
This device contains FCC ID: N7NAR7592 This equipment contains equipment certified under IC: 2417C-AR7592 5. A user manual with the end product must clearly indicate the operating requirements and conditions that must be observed to ensure compliance with current FCC/IC RF exposure guidelines. The end product with an embedded AirPrime AR7592 device may also need to pass the FCC Part 15 unintentional emission testing requirements and be properly authorized. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 28 Hardware Integration Guide Approval Note:
If this module is intended for use in a portable device, you are responsible for separate approval to satisfy the SAR requirements of FCC Part 2.1093 and IC RSS-102. 5.4. IC Regulations This device complies with Industry Canadas license-exempt RSSs. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
1. This device may not cause interference; and 2. This device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Le prsent appareil est conforme aux CNR dIndustrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. Lexploitation est autorise aux deux conditions suivantes:
1. Lappareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage;
2. Lutilisateur de lappareil doit accepter tout brouillage radiolectrique subi, mme si le brouillage est susceptible den compromettre le fonctionnement. 5.4.1. Radiation Exposure Statement This equipment complies with Canada radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance 20cm between the radiator and your body. Cet quipement est conforme Canada limites d'exposition aux radiations dans un environnement non contrl. Cet quipement doit tre install et utilis distance minimum de 20cm entre le radiateur et votre corps. This radio transmitter (IC: 2417C-AR7592) has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this device. Le prsent metteur radio (IC: 2417C-AR7592) a t approuv par Industrie Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d'antenne numrs ci dessous et ayant un gain admissible maximal. Les types d'antenne non inclus dans cette liste, et dont le gain est suprieur au gain maximal indiqu, sont strictement interdits pour l'exploitation de l'metteur. 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 29 6. References The table below lists the reference specifications for this product. Table 24. Reference Specifications Ref Title Rev Issuer
[1]
[2]
[3]
[4]
[5]
[6]
[7]
3GPP TS 51.010-1 3GPP TS 34.121-1 3GPP TS 36.521-1 Universal Serial Bus Specification Universal Serial Bus CDC Subclass Specification for Wireless Mobile Communication Devices Universal Serial Bus Class Definitions for Communication Devices Version 7.3.1 V8 V9 V2.0 V1.0 V1.1 3GPP 3GPP 3GPP USB Implementers Forum USB Implementers Forum USB Implementers Forum AirPrime - AR7 Series - Customer Process Guidelines
-
Sierra Wireless
[8]
AirPrime - AR75xx - AT Command Interface Specification - 4112841 V1.5 Sierra Wireless
[9]
AirPrime AR7xxx Firmware Download Guide
-
Sierra Wireless
[10]
[11]
[12]
[13]
AirPrime AR759x Thermal Management Application Note - 2174114 AirPrime AR759x Current Consumption Application Note - 2174115 V1.0 Sierra Wireless V1.0 Sierra Wireless AirPrime - AR Series - Hardware Compatibility APN -
4116174 V0.8 Sierra Wireless AirPrime - AR7552 - Hardware Integration Guide 4117336 V1.0 Sierra Wireless 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 30 7. Abbreviations The table below lists several abbreviations used in this document. Table 25. Abbreviations Abbreviation Description ADC CDMA DRX EDGE FDD GERAN GNSS GSM HSPA I2S LTE PCIe PCM PMIC SCI SDIO SPI TDD Analog-to-Digital Converter Code Division Multiple Access Discontinuous Receive Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution Frequency Division Duplex GSM EDGE Radio Access Network Global Navigation Satellite System Global System for Mobile Communications High Speed Packet Access Inter-IC Sound Long Term Evolution Peripheral Component Interconnect Express Pulse Coded Modulation Power Management Integrated Circuit Slot Cycle Index Secure Digital Input Output Serial Peripheral Interface Time Division Duplex TD-SCDMA Time Division Synchronous Code Division Multiple Access UART UICC UIM UMTS USB WCDMA WWAN Universal Asynchronous Receiver / Transmitter Universal Integrated Circuit Card User Identity Module Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Universal Serial Bus Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Wireless Wide Area Network 41110461 Rev 0.1 January 16, 2017 31