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SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point WL-300g
(For 802.11g and 802.11b Wireless Clients) Users Manual Copyright Information No part of this manual, including the products and software described in it, may be reproduced, transmitted, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, or translated into any language in any form or by any means, except documentation kept by the purchaser for backup purposes, without the express written permission of ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. (ASUS). ASUS PROVIDES THIS MANUAL AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. IN NO EVENT SHALL ASUS, ITS DIRECTORS, OFFICERS, EMPLOYEES OR AGENTS BE LIABLE FOR ANY INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES
(INCLUDING DAMAGES FOR LOSS OF PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF USE OR DATA, INTERRUPTION OF BUSINESS AND THE LIKE), EVEN IF ASUS HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES ARISING FROM ANY DEFECT OR ERROR IN THIS MANUAL OR PRODUCT. Product warranty or service will not be extended if: (1) the product is repaired, modified or altered, unless such repair, modification of alteration is authorized in writing by ASUS; or (2) the serial number of the product is defaced or missing. Products and corporate names appearing in this manual may or may not be registered trademarks or copyrights of their respective companies, and are used only for identification or explanation and to the owners benefit, without intent to infringe. SPECIFICATIONS AND INFORMATION CONTAINED IN THIS MANUAL ARE FURNISHED FOR INFORMATIONAL USE ONLY, AND ARE SUBJECT TO CHANGE AT ANY TIME WITHOUT NOTICE, AND SHOULD NOT BE CONSTRUED AS A COMMITMENT BY ASUS. ASUS ASSUMES NO RESPONSIBILITY OR LIABILITY FOR ANY ERRORS OR INACCURACIES THAT MAY APPEAR IN THIS MANUAL, INCLUDING THE PRODUCTS AND SOFTWARE DESCRIBED IN IT. Copyright 2003 ASUSTeK COMPUTER INC. All Rights Reserved. Product Name:
Manual Revision: 1 E1289 Release Date:
April 2003 SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point (WL-300g) 2 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Copyright Information 150 Li-Te Road, Peitou, Taipei, Taiwan 112
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www.asuscom.de ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 3 Table of Contents 1. Introduction ............................................................................. 7 Overview ................................................................................................ 7 The SpaceLink Family ................................................................... 8 System Requirements ..................................................................... 10 The Product Package ..................................................................... 10 Features .......................................................................................... 11 Wireless Operation .............................................................................. 12 Roaming Between SpaceLink Gateways or APs ......................... 13 Roaming Guidelines (SpaceLink Gateways or APs) ................... 14 SpaceLink Home Gateway Topology .......................................... 15 LED Indicators ..................................................................................... 18 2. Hardware Installation ............................................................ 19 Installation Procedure .......................................................................... 19 Wired and Wireless Connections ........................................................ 21 Configuring the SpaceLink 802.11g AP ............................................... 23 Installing the Homegateway Utilities ............................................... 25 Homegateway Utilities ......................................................................... 26 Connecting to the SpaceLink Web Manager ....................................... 26 Home Gateway Discovery ................................................................... 27 User Name and Password .............................................................. 29 Home Page ..................................................................................... 29 Quick Setup ......................................................................................... 30 Wireless ............................................................................................... 31 IP Config .............................................................................................. 35 NAT Setting ......................................................................................... 37 Internet Firewall ................................................................................... 38 Wireless Firewall ................................................................................. 39 System Setup ...................................................................................... 40 Status & Log ........................................................................................ 41 Firmware Restoration .......................................................................... 42 Using a Hub .................................................................................... 42 Printer Setup Wizard ........................................................................... 43 Add Printer Wizard .......................................................................... 43 Printer Setup Wizard ....................................................................... 45 Verifying Your Printer ...................................................................... 46 4 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Table of Contents 4. Wireless Performance ........................................................... 47 Site Topography ................................................................................... 47 Site Surveys ........................................................................................ 47 Range .................................................................................................. 48 5. Troubleshooting ..................................................................... 49 Common Problems and Solutions ....................................................... 49 Reset to Defaults ................................................................................. 50 6. Appendix ................................................................................. 53 Operating frequency range .................................................................. 53 Number of operating channels ............................................................ 53 DSSS PHY frequency channel plan .................................................... 53 Specifications ...................................................................................... 54 IEEE 802.11b (11Mbits/sec) ............................................................ 61 Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (for 802.11b) ........................... 62 IEEE 802.11a (54Mbits/sec) ........................................................... 63 COFDM (for 802.11a) ..................................................................... 64 Federal Communications Commission Statement .......................... 65 Canadian Department of Communications ..................................... 66 Regulatory Information / Disclaimers .............................................. 66 Safety Information ........................................................................... 66 MPE Statement ............................................................................... 67 Caution Statement of the FCC Radio Frequency Exposure ........... 67 RF Exposure ................................................................................... 67 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 5 6 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point n o i t c u d o r t n I
. 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction 1. Introduction Overview Thank you for purchasing the ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point. The ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point is designed to be fully compliant with IEEE 802.11g wireless local area networks (WLAN). 802.11g is an extension to 802.11b, used in majority of wireless LANs today. 802.11g will broaden 802.11b's data rates to 54 Mbps within the 2.4 GHz band using OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing) technology. 802.11g allows backward compatibility with 802.11b devices but only at 11 Mbps or lower depending on the range and presence of obstructions. Wireless LANs are complementary extensions to existing wired LANs, offering complete mobility while maintaining continuous network connectivity to both corporate and home Intranets. They add a new level of convenience for LAN users. PC users stay connected to the network anywhere throughout a building without being bound by a LAN wires. This is accomplished through the use of SpaceLink Access Points. SpaceLink Access Points with built-in Internet gateway capability, allows your family to share a broadband Modem and one ISP account simultaneously from different rooms without wires! ASUS SpaceLink products can keep you connected anywhere, any time. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 7 1
. I n t r o d u c t i o n Chapter 1 - Introduction The SpaceLink Family The SpaceLink Wireless PCI Card is a member of a product family that provides a complete wireless networking solution. The SpaceLink Home Gateway
(WL-500) creates a wireless network using the IEEE 802.11b wireless standard and allows sharing a single Internet connection. LNK AIR The SpaceLink PC Card (WL-100) is a IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN adapter that fits into a PCMCIA Type II slot in a Notebook PC. The SpaceLink CF Card (WL-110) is a IEEE 802.11b wireless LAN adapter that fits into a Compact Flash Type II slot in a Portable Digital Assistant (PDA). The SpaceLink Access Point (WL-
300) creates a wireless network using the IEEE 802.11b wireless standard. SpaceLink The Cardbus Card (WL-
200) is a dual band (IEEE 802.11a/b) wireless LAN adapter that fits into a Notebook PCs PCMCIA Type II slot with Cardbus support. The SpaceLink PCI Card (WL-230) is a dual band (IEEE 802.11a/b) wireless PCI card that supports 802.11a, IEEE 802.11b, and Bluetooth. The above illustrations are not to scale. 8 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 1 - Introduction n o i t c u d o r t n I
. 1 The SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway (WL-600) creates a wireless network using the IEEE 802.11b and 802.11a wireless standards and allows sharing a single Internet connection. The USB SpaceLink Client
(WL-140) is an IEEE 802.11b wireless USB LAN adapter that connects to any computers USB port with the benefit of being able to place the antenna anywhere in order to maximize signal strength. SpaceLink The 802.11g Access Point
(WL-300g) creates a network wireless using IEEE 802.11g and 802.11b wireless standards. the ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 9 Chapter 1 - Introduction 1
. I n t r o d u c t i o n System Requirements To begin using the SpaceLink Access Point, you must have the following minimum requirements:
An Ethernet (10Base-T or 10/100Base-TX) adapter for wired client At least one 802.11g (54Mbps) or one 802.11b (11Mbps) wireless adapter for wireless mobile clients TCP/IP and an Internet browser installed Note: The SpaceLink Access Point only supports 10Base-T, there-
fore it cannot be connected to pure 100Base-TX networks. The net-
work must be either 10-Base or 10/100Base-TX. The Product Package Each SpaceLink Access Point comes with:
One SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point One SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Quick Start Guide One SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Users Manual One power adapter (5 Volts DC, 1 Amp) One support CD (utilities and documentation) One RJ-45 Ethernet cable (straight-through) One Bracket for ceiling mounting One Bracket for office partition mounting One Sticker for wall mounting alignment 10 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point n o i t c u d o r t n I
. 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction Wireless Operation The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point supports three modes of operation:
Access Point: The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point operates as a stand-
alone device to provide network access to wireless mobile clients. Access Point Client: The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point partners with another SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point to provide network access to wireless mobile clients. Wireless Bridge: The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point communicates only with other SpaceLink Access Points that are set to Wireless Bridge Mode. (SpaceLink Access Points set to Wireless Bridge mode cannot support wireless mobile clients.) By default, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point operates in Access Point mode. Access Point Mode In Access Point mode, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point will operate as a MAC layer learning bridge and forward packets between wireless mobile clients and the Ethernet network. A wireless LAN that uses the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point in Access Point mode generally consists of one or more 802.11b Access Points and one or more wireless mobile clients that have an 802.11b adapter installed. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point maintains a table of MAC addresses, which it has learned are located either on the Ethernet network or on the radio network by monitoring the source address of packets it receives. For example, if the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point receives a packet over its radio, it creates an entry in its table for the node that sent the packet and labels the entry as a member of the radio network. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point removes an entry from the table after five minutes of inactivity. When the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point receives a packet from the Ethernet network, it compares the packets destination address with the node addresses listed in its table. If the packets destination address is not in the table, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point will forward the packet to the wireless mobile clients. If the packets destination address is listed in the table as a member of the radio network, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point will forward the packet to the wireless mobile clients. If the packets destination address is listed in the table as a member of the Ethernet network, the SpaceLink ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 11 1
. I n t r o d u c t i o n Chapter 1 - Introduction Access Point will not forward the packet to the wireless mobile clients. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point applies the same principles to determine if a packet received over its radio should be forwarded to the Ethernet network. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point forwards all broadcast packets to wireless mobile clients. Given this, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point can only support a limited amount of network traffic. It is recommended that you only use the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point on networks that contain less than 512 nodes. The number of wireless mobile clients that can be supported by the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point depends on the amount of information that each client exchanges with the network. Therefore, the number of clients that can be supported by one SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point will vary based on the applications in use and how frequently network information is accessed. Roaming Between SpaceLink Access Points If there are multiple SpaceLink Access Points on the network, then a wireless mobile client may seamlessly roam from one SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point to another. Each SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point creates its own wireless cell or coverage area. This is also known as a Basic Service Set (BSS). Any wireless mobile client can communicate with a particular SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point if it is within the SpaceLink Access Points coverage area. If the cells of multiple SpaceLink Access Points overlap, then the wireless mobile client may switch from one SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point to another as it travels throughout the facility. During the hand-off from one SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point to another, the wireless mobile client maintains an uninterrupted connection to the network. This is known as roaming. Multiple SpaceLink Access Points connected to a common Ethernet network form an Extended Service Set (ESS). All members of an Extended Service Set are configured with an ID, known as the SSID or ESSID. Wireless mobile clients must be configured with the same SSID as the SpaceLink Access Points on the network; a client can only roam between SpaceLink Access Points that share the same SSID. 12 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point n o i t c u d o r t n I
. 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction Roaming Guidelines An 802.11b PC Card can only roam between 802.11b Access Points. All SpaceLink Access Points must have the same SSID. All computers with SpaceLinkPC card or CF card adapters must have the same SSID as the Access Points that they will roam between. If WEP encryption is enabled, then all SpaceLink Access Points and client adapters must use the same encryption level and WEP Key(s) to communicate. The SpaceLink Access Points cells must overlap to ensure that there are no gaps in coverage and to ensure that the roaming client will always have a connection available. SpaceLink Access Points that use the same Channel should be installed as far away from each other as possible to reduce potential interference. It is strongly recommended that you perform a site survey using the utility provided with the SpaceLinkPC card or CF card to determine the best location for each SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point in the facility. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 13 Chapter 1 - Introduction SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point LED Indicators There are three LEDs on the front of the SpaceLink Access Point, as shown here. 1
. I n t r o d u c t i o n Power (Amber) Air (Green) Link (Green) Power LED The Power LED is the top LED and turns amber when the power adapter is connected and the power switch is turned ON. Air LED The Air LED is the middle LED and turns green when the wireless function is working. Link LED The Link LED is the bottom LED and turns green when the Access Point has a physical connection to the Ethernet network. Power Requirements The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point requires power from an external power supply. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point ships with a UL listed, Class 2 power supply (5V, 1A). 14 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point n o i t c u d o r t n I
. 1 Chapter 1 - Introduction Installation 2. This chapter describes the installation procedure for the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point and includes a description of the LEDs found on the unit. Installation Procedure Follow these steps to install the SpaceLink Access Point. 1. Determine the best location for the SpaceLink Access Point. Keep in mind the following considerations:
The length of the Ethernet cable that connects the Access Point to the network must not exceed 100 meters. For standard placement, try to place the Access Point on a flat, sturdy surface as far from the ground as possible, such as on top of a desk or bookcase, keeping clear of metal obstructions and away from direct sunlight. Try to centrally locate the Access Point or its antennas so that it will provide coverage to all of the wireless mobile devices in the area. Use only the power supply that came with this unit. Other power supplies may fit but the voltage and power may not be compatible. It is the responsibility of the installer and users of the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point to guarantee that the antenna is operated at least 20 centimeters from any person. This is necessary to insure that the product is operated in accordance with the RF Guidelines for Human Exposure which have been adopted by the Federal Com-
munications Commission. 2. Place the Access Point in the desired location. Wall mounting is also possible for the Access Point. Refer to the section entitled Wall Mounting Option on the next page for details. 3. Attach one end of an RJ-45 Ethernet cable to the Access Point and attach the other end to the RJ-45 10Base-T port of a network hub, switch, router, or patch panel (possibly on a wall). The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point does not support 100Base-
TX; it only supports 10Base-T. Hubs or switches that supports both 10Base-T and 100Base-TX may be used. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 15 Chapter 1 - Introduction 4. Attach one end of the AC power adapter, included in the product package, to the back of the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point and the other end to a power outlet. 1
. I n t r o d u c t i o n Note: Use the Access Point only with the power adapter supplied in the product package. Using another power supply may damage the Access Point. The Power LED on the front of the Access Point will light up when the unit is powered ON. In addition, the green Link LED will turn ON to indicate that the Access Point has a physical Ethernet network connection. Wall Mounting Option Out of the box, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point is designed to sit on a raised flat surface like a file cabinet or book shelf. The unit may also be converted for mounting to a wall or ceiling. Follow these steps to mount the Access Point to a wall:
1. Remove the base by pressing the tab and sliding the base. 2. Remove the side cover to expose the mounting hooks. 3. Locate the screws provided with the Access Point. 4. Mark two holes in a flat surface using the provided hole template. 5. Tighten the two provided screws until only 1/4 is showing. 6. Latch the Access Point onto the two screws. Note: Readjust the screws if you cannot latch the Access Point onto the screws or if it is too loose. 16 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 1 - Introduction Step 1 Before:
After:
n o i t c u d o r t n I
. 1 1 2 Step 2 Before:
After:
Note: Mounting brackets are provided for you to hang the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point on an office partition or office ceiling. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 17 2
. I n s t a l l a t i o n Chapter 2 - Installation Configuring the SpaceLink 802.11g AP The home gateway can be configured to meet various usage scenarios. Some of the factory default settings may suit your usage; however, others may need changing. Prior to using the home gateway, you must check the basic settings to guarantee it will work in your environment. Configuring the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointis done through a web browser. You need a Notebook PC or desktop PC connected to the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointand running a web browser as a configuration terminal. The connection can be wired or wireless. For the wireless connection, you need an IEEE 802.11b compatible device, e.g. ASUS SpaceLink PC Card, installed in your Notebook PC. You should also disable WEP and set the SSID to default for your wireless LAN device. If you want to configure the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointor want to access the Internet through the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway, TCP/
IP settings must be correct. Normally, the TCP/IP setting should be on the IP subnet of the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointincorporates a DHCP server so the easiest method is to set your PC to get its IP address automatically and reboot your computer. So the correct IP address, gateway, DNS (Domain Name System Server) can be obtained from the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Note: Before rebooting your PC, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointshould be switched ON and in ready state. 18 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 2 - Installation Advanced IP Settings If you want to set your IP address manually, the following default settings of the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointshould be known:
IP address 192.168.123.1 Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0. If you set your computers IP manually, it needs to be on the same segment. For example:
IP address 192.168.123.xxx (xxx can be any number between 2 and 254 that is not used by another device) Subnet Mask 255.255.255.0 (same as the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point) Gateway 192.168.123.1 (this is the SpaceLink 802.11g Access PointIP ad-
dress) DNS 192.168.123.1 (SpaceLink 802.11g Access PointIP address or your own). n o i t a l l a t s n I
. 2 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 19 Chapter 2 - Installation Installing the Homegateway Utilities Follow these steps to install the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway Manager in Microsoft Windows:
2
. I n s t a l l a t i o n
(1) Insert the support CD. Double-click setup.exe if your autorun has been disabled. Click Install...Utilities.
(2) Click Next after reading the welcome screen.
(3) Click Yes after reading the license agreement.
(4) Click Next to accept the default destination folder or click Browse to specify another path.
(5) Click Next to accept the default program folder or enter another name.
(6) Click Finish when setup is complete. 20 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Homegateway Utilities After installation, you can launch the utilities through the Start menu. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 Connecting to the SpaceLink Web Manager Wired Ethernet Connection Besides using a network hub, you can also connect a LAN cable from your computers network card to the Home Gateway using either a straight or crossover cable because the SpaceLink 802.11g Access PointLAN and WLAN RJ-45 ports have auto-crossover capability. Wireless Connection If you are using a Notebook PC with a wireless adapter, you can connect to the SpaceLink Homegateway Web Manager without a wired Ethernet connection. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 21 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Home Gateway Discovery Run the ASUS Homegateway Discovery from the Start menu and click Config on the device. 3
. U t i l i t i e s Manually Entering the Address You can also open your PCs web browser and enter the IP address of the ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g AP: http://192.168.1.1 22 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Home Gateway Discovery (Cont.) Web access through the WLAN port (over the Internet) is disabled by default so that the above private IP can be used for configuration access. If Internet access through the WLAN port is enabled by the user, port 8080 must be used for configuration access. In this case, you would enter the following:
http://(WAN Port IP Address):8080 in your web browser. If your computers IP is not on the same subnet as the SpaceLink Dual-
Band Home Gateway, you will be asked to change it. The IP address can be any number from 2 to 254 that is not used by another device. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 Restart your Windows if you are asked to. Restore If you cannot find any the SpaceLink 802.11g APs due to a problem in the IP settings, push and hold the Restore button on the SpaceLink 802.11g AP over five seconds to restore factory default settings. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 23 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Home Gateway Discovery (Cont.) User Name and Password Once connected, a window will ask for the User name and Password in order to log in. The factory default values are admin and admin. 3
. U t i l i t i e s Home Page After logging in, you will see the ASUS 802.11g AP home page. 24 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Quick Setup Click Next to enter the Quick Setup page. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 25 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Wireless Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. 3
. U t i l i t i e s 26 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities SSID & Channel The SSID is an identification string of up to 32 ASCII characters that differentiate one SpaceLink Home Gateway or Access Point from another. The SSID is also referred to as the ESSID or Extended Service Set ID. You can use the default SSID and radio channel unless more than one SpaceLink Home Gateway or Access Point is deployed in the same area. In that case, you should use a different SSID and radio channel for each SpaceLink Home Gateway or Access Point. All the SpaceLink Home Gateways and SpaceLink 802.11b client adapters must have the same SSID to allow a wireless mobile client to roam between the SpaceLink Home Gateways. By default, the SSID is set to default. Channel IEEE 802.11b devices are direct sequence spread spectrum devices that spread a radio signal over a range of frequencies. The range of frequencies used by a direct sequence device is called a Channel. The IEEE 802.11b specification supports up to 14 overlapping Channels for radio communication. But only 11 Channels are supported in the United States and therefore on the SpaceLink Home Gateway. To minimize interference, configure each the SpaceLink Home Gateway to use Non-
overlapping channels. Non-overlapping channels have 25Mhz separation beginning at the first allowed channel for the country (for the US and most of Europe, channels 1, 6 & 11 are used). Make sure that the SpaceLink Home Gateways sharing the same Channel
(or Channels close in number) are as far away from each other as possible, based on the results of your site survey of the facility. You can find the site survey utility in the SpaceLink PC card or CF card setup CD. Rate Select 1, 2, 5.5 & 11Mbps to maximize performance. Use 1 & 2 Mbps only when backward compatibility is needed for some older wireless LAN cards with a maximum bit rate of 2Mbps. The IEEE 802.11b specification supports four data rates: 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps, and 1 Mbps. As a wireless mobile client travels further and further away from the SpaceLink Home Gateway, the data rate automatically decreases in order to maintain a usable radio connection. Therefore, a client that is close to an the SpaceLink Home Gateway may operate at 11 Mbps, but a client that is far away from the SpaceLink Home Gateway may operate at 2 Mbps. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 27 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Authentication Method It is suggested to select Shared Key Only. If Open System Only or Shared Key and Open System is used, the home gateway may accept connection requests from unauthorized wireless clients. WEP The IEEE 802.11b standard specifies an optional encryption feature, known as Wired Equivalent Privacy or WEP, that is designed to provide a wireless LAN with a security level equal to what is found on a wired Ethernet network. WEP encrypts the data portion of each packet exchanged on the 802.11b network using either a 64-bit or 128-bit encryption algorithm. In addition, WEP is also used in conjunction with the optional Shared Key Authentication algorithm to prevent unauthorized devices from associating with an 802.11b network. 3
. U t i l i t i e s Enabling WEP can protect your data from eavesdroppers. If you do not need this feature, select no to skip the following setting. The SpaceLink Home Gateway supports both 64-bit and 128-bit encryption using the Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP) algorithm. Select the type of encryption you want to use (64 or 128 bit) and configure one to four WEP Keys. The 128-
bit method is more secure than the 64-bit. 64/128bits versus 40/104bits You may be confused about configuring WEP encryption, especially when using multiple wireless LAN products from different vendors. There are two levels of WEP Encryption: 64 bits and 128 bits. Firstly, 64 bit WEP and 40 bit WEP are the same encryption method and can interoperate in the wireless network. This lower level of WEP encryption uses a 40 bit (10 Hex character) as a secret key (set by user), and a 24 bit Initialization Vector (not under user control). This together makes 64 bits (40 + 24). Some vendors refer to this level of WEP as 40 bits and others refer to this as 64 bits. ASUS SpaceLink products use the term 64 bits when referring to this lower level of encryption. Secondly, 104 bit WEP and 128 bit WEP are the same encryption method and can interoperate in the wireless network. This higher level of WEP encryption uses a 104 bit (26 Hex character) as a secret key (set by user), and a 24 bit Initialization Vector (not under user control). This together 28 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities makes 128 bits (104 + 24). Some vendors refer to this level of WEP as 104 bits and others refer to this as 128 bits. ASUS SpaceLink products use the term 128 bits when referring to this higher level of encryption. Phrase Automatically generate four WEP keys. A WEP key is either 10 or 26 hexadecimal digits (0~9, a~f, and A~F) based on whether you select 64 bit or 128 bit in the WEP pull-down menu. Type a combination of up to 64 letters, numbers, or symbols in the Magic Word column, then the SpaceLink Home Gateway Manager uses an algorithm to generate four WEP keys for encryption. If you want to type in the keys manually, leave this field blank. The SpaceLink family of products all use the same algorithm to generate the keys so that they can all use the same WEP key. Note: This function eases users from having to remember their passwords and is compatible to ASUS SpaceLink family of prod-
ucts. But this is not as secure as manual assignment. WEP Key At most four keys can be set. A WEP key is either 10 or 26 hexadecimal digits (0~9, a~f, and A~F) based on whether you select 64 bit or 128 bit in the WEP pull-down menu. The home gateway and ALL of its wireless clients MUST have at least the same default key. Default Key The Default Key field lets you specify which of the four encryption keys you use to transmit data on your wireless LAN. As long as the SpaceLink Home Gateway or wireless mobile client with which you are communicating has the same key in the same position, you can use any of the keys as the default key. If the home gateway and ALL of its wireless clients use the same four WEP keys, select key rotation to maximize security. Otherwise, choose one key in common as the default key. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 29 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities IP Config Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. 3
. U t i l i t i e s Static IP Address IP Address - Normally, this is Dynamic (because fixed IP accounts cost more) and should be set to Automatic IP. Do not use Static IP if your ISPs documentation does not mention an IP Address. If your ISP provided an IP Address with instructions to use it, select Static IP from IP Addressing Method and enter the address into the provided field. WAN DNS Settings DNS Server - Normally this is automatic and you would answer NO to the question about manually assigning DNS. If you are given instructions from your ISP to enter DNS addresses, select YES to manually assigning DNS and enter the IP addresses here. You can set the DNS server anytime using any connection type (Static IP, PPPoE, or Automatic IP). 30 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities PPPoE Account User Name - The name of your Internet account provided by your ISP. Some ISPs work with the entire account name along with the hosting domain
(such as yourname@yourdomain.com) and others require that you enter only the account name (yourname). See the example above. Password - Enter the password for your Internet account. Click the Finish button to save your new settings and restart the SpaceLink Home Gateway or click Save and restart later. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 31 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities NAT Setting Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. 3
. U t i l i t i e s 32 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Internet Firewall Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 33 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Wireless Firewall Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. 3
. U t i l i t i e s 34 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities System Setup Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 System Setup - Change Password This page will allow you to change the default password admin (lower case) to any password of you choice. You can enter any usable characters between 1-16 characters long (cannot be left blank). Click Save button to save your new password. If you forget the SpaceLink Home Gateways password, you can reset the SpaceLink Home Gateway to its factory settings
(see troubleshooting). Note: The password is case sensitive. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 35 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Status & Log Click this item on the menu to reveal a sub menu. Follow the instructions to setup the ASUS SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Tips are given when you move your cursor over each item. The Status page gives you all the necessary information for monitoring the SpaceLink Home Gateways condition. 3
. U t i l i t i e s 36 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Firmware Restoration This utility will automatically search out failed SpaceLink 802.11g APs and upload a firmware that you specify. The process takes about 3 to 4 minutes and during this process the PWR, AIR, and WLAN LEDs will remain lit while the LAN LED will flash slowly. The Firmware Restoration utility is an emergency rescue tool to restore a SpaceLink 802.11g AP which has failed during a previous firmware upload. A failed firmware upgrade will cause the SpaceLink 802.11g AP to enter a failure mode, waiting for the user to use the Firmware Restoration utility to find and upload a new firmware. This is not a firmware upgrade utility and cannot be used on a working SpaceLink 802.11g AP. Normal firmware upgrades must be done through the web manager. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 Using a Hub If you have problems upload a firmware while using a network hub, try connecting your computer directly to the LAN port. Either 10Base-T or 100Base-TX connections will work. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 37 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Printer Setup Wizard This utility helps you setup your computers to utilize the printer server function of the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway. Add Printer Wizard You should add your printer to your computer to simplify the SpaceLink 802.11g Access PointPrinter Setup Wizard. If you run the Printer Setup Wizard without your printer driver installed, it will direct you to the Add Printer Wizard. 3
. U t i l i t i e s
(1) Run the Add Printer Wizard from Start
| Printers and Faxes | Add Printer.
(2) Choose Install by the Add Printer Wizard.
(3) Choose Local printer attached to this computer.
(4) Choose Remote Port (Printer Sharing Port). If this is not available, select LPT1. 38 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Printer Setup Wizard (Cont.)
(5) Find your manufacturer and model. Click Have Disk if you cannot find it in the list and use the driver provided with your printer.
(6) Click Next to set this as your default printer. s e i t i l i t U
. 3
(7) You can print a test page.
(8) Click Finish to close the wizard. Your printer will show in the Printers and Faxes window and the check mark shows that it is set as your default printer. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 39 Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Printer Setup Wizard The wizard will explore all available SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateways and model information of the printers attached to them in your local network. 3
. U t i l i t i e s
(1) If you already have your printer installed on your printer port (LPT1), it will make this setup process much easier. See next page for instructions. Run the Printer Setup Wizard from the Windows Start menu.
(2) If the printer is found, the name of the printer will be shown on this screen. Note: If there is an error communicating with the printer, you will get this message. Make sure that the printer is ON, ready, and connected. Click Back and Next.
(3) This setup wizard will change your default printer to use Remote Port which is serviced by the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway.
(4) Click Done when setup is complete. 40 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 3 - Home Gateway Utilities Verifying Your Printer After setting up the printer, a printer icon will appear in Windows Printers and Faxes. Right click the printer icon and choose Properties to configure the printer. s e i t i l i t U
. 3 If your printer was previously setup, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointprinter setup wizard will change your printing port from your local LPT1 (parallel) port to Remote Port. If necessary, you can change this back at anytime or use Windows Add Printer to setup another printer on whatever port you require. When properly setup, the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointwill show the printer name in the Homegateway Discovery utility and show on-line under the Printer Server on the Status page of the web manager. ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 41 Chapter 4 - Wireless Performance 4. Wireless Performance This section provides the user with ideas for how to improve the performance of a SpaceLink 802.11b network. Site Topography For optimal performance, locate wireless mobile clients and the SpaceLink 802.11g APs away from transformers, heavy-duty motors, fluorescent lights, microwave ovens, refrigerators, and other industrial equipment. Signal loss can occur when metal, concrete, walls or floors block transmission. Locate the SpaceLink 802.11g APs in open areas or add the SpaceLink 802.11g APs as needed to improve coverage. Microwave ovens operate in the same frequency band as the SpaceLink 802.11g AP. Therefore, if you use a microwave within range of the SpaceLink 802.11g AP you may notice network performance degradation. However, both your microwave and your the SpaceLink 802.11g AP will continue to function. Site Surveys A site survey (utility provided with the SpaceLink PC card and CF card) analyzes the installation environment and provides users with recommendations for equipment and its placement. The optimum placement of 11 Mbps Home Gateways differs for 1 or 2 Mbps Home Gateways, because the locations and number of Home Gateways required are different. 4
. P e r f o r m a n c e 42 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 4 - Wireless Performance Range Every environment is unique with different obstacles, barriers, materials, etc. and, therefore, it is difficult to determine the exact range that will be achieved without testing. However, has developed some guidelines to estimate the range that users will see when the product is installed in their facility, but there are no hard and fast specifications. Radio signals may reflect off of some obstacles or be absorbed by others depending on their construction. For example, with two 802.11b radios, you may achieve up to 1000' in open space outdoors where two devices have a line of sight, meaning they see each other with no obstacles. However, the same two units may only achieve up to 300' of range when used indoors. The IEEE 802.11b specification supports four data rates: 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps, and 1 Mbps. Operation at 1 Mbps provides greater range than operation at 11 Mbps. The SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointwill automatically adjust the data rate to maintain a usable radio connection. Therefore, a client that is close to the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointmay operate at 11 Mbps while a client that is on the fringe of coverage may operate at 1 Mbps. As mentioned earlier, you can configure the data rates that the SpaceLink 802.11g Access Pointwill use. Note that if you limit the range of data rates available to the SpaceLink Dual-Band Home Gateway, you may reduce the effective wireless range of the SpaceLink 802.11b products. e c n a m r o f r e P
. 4 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 43 Chapter 5 -Troubleshooting Location of antenna connector Slide the right side cover back to reveal the antenna connector. 5
. T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g Note: Optional antenna kits are not currently available. Check with your local dealer for availability. 44 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 5 -Troubleshooting 5. Troubleshooting The SpaceLink Access Point is designed to be very easy to install and operate. However, if you experience difficulties, use the information in this chapter to help diagnose and solve problems. If you cannot resolve a problem, contact Technical Support, as listed on the front of this manual. Common Problems and Solutions Problem AP does not power up:
Solution Check for faulty SpaceLink Access Point power supply by measuring the output voltage with an electrical test meter. Check failed AC supply (power outlet) Problem Cannot communicate with the SpaceLink Access Point through a wired network connection. Solution Verify network configuration by ensuring that there are no duplicate IP addresses. Power down the device in question and ping the assigned IP address of the device. Ensure no other device responds to that address. Check that the cables used have proper pin outs and connectors or use another LAN cable. Check that the hub, switch, or computer that the SpaceLink Access Point is connected to supports 10Mbps speed. This is what you will see if you connect the SpaceLink Access Point to a:
10/100 Mbps Hub Pure 100 Mbps Hub Hub LED Access Point (Link) LED ON ON OFF ON So you will not know if the connection is bad from the SpaceLink Access Point Link LED alone, you will have to look at the Hub LED if you are not sure what kind of hub the SpaceLink Access Point is attached to. g n i t o o h s e l b u o r T
. 5 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 45 Chapter 5 -Troubleshooting Problem The SpaceLink Access Point Manager still cannot find or connect to the SpaceLink Access Point after verifying the IP address and LAN cable, changes cannot be made, or password is lost. Solution In case the SpaceLink Access Point is inaccessible, you can restore the SpaceLink Access Points factory default settings. Use a straightened paper clip to press the button located in the hole labeled Reset on the back of the SpaceLink Access Point and keep it depressed over 5 seconds. The amber power LED will darken and then light up when reset is successful. Reset to Defaults The following are factory default values. These values will be present when you first receive your SpaceLink Access Point, if you push the reset button on the back of the SpaceLink Access Point over 5 seconds, or if you click the Reset to Defaults on the General page of the SpaceLink Access Point Manager. Name Password IP address assignment Primary port IP address Subnet mask Gateway SSID Channel WEP type AP name Operational mode Only allow IP packets Authorization table Host AP / Wireless Bridge MAC Add. Fragmentation threshold RTS threshold Preamble mode Authentication type Default Value asus obtain an IP address automatically Ethernet 192.168.39.130 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 default 1 WEP disable ASUS AP AP mode Disable Disable 00-00-00-00-00-00 2346 2346 Long preamble Both 5
. T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g 46 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Chapter 5 -Troubleshooting Problem My 802.11b PC Card will not associate with the SpaceLink Access Point. Solution Follow these steps:
1. Try to bring the devices closer together; the PC Card may be out of range of the SpaceLink Access Point. 2. Confirm that the SpaceLink Access Point and PC Card have the same SSID. 3. Confirm that the SpaceLink Access Point and PC Card have the same Encryption settings, if enabled. 4. Confirm that the SpaceLink Access Points Air and Link LEDs are solid green. 5. Confirm that the authorization table includes the MAC address of the SpaceLink PC card if Authorization Table is enabled. 6. Confirm that the operational mode is Access Point mode. 7. Confirm that the SpaceLink Access Point and SpaceLink PC card have the same preamble mode. Problem The throughput seems slow. Solution To achieve maximum throughput, verify that your antennas are well-placed, not behind metal, and do not have too many obstacles between them. If you move the client closer to the SpaceLink Access Point and throughput increases, you may want to consider adding a second SpaceLink Access Point and implementing roaming. Check antenna, connectors and cabling. Verify network traffic does not exceed 37% of bandwidth. Check to see that the wired network does not exceed 10 broadcast messages per second. Verify wired network topology and configuration. g n i t o o h s e l b u o r T
. 5 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 47 Chapter 5 -Troubleshooting Problem I cannot find SpaceLink Access Points using the SpaceLink Access Point Manager. Solution To configure the SpaceLink Access Point through a wireless LAN card, your computer must be in the same subnet of the SpaceLink Access Point. You cannot find SpaceLink Access Points with subnet different from your computer within the same gateway. You must change your computer to the same subnet as the SpaceLink Access Point. The factory default subnet of the SpaceLink Access Point is "192.168.39.0". If you put the SpaceLink Access Point on different subnets, but physically connected inside the same gateway, the following symptoms will occur:
For example, if your computers TCP/IP settings are:
IP address: 192.168.1.1, Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0 AP TCP/IP Settings IP address Subnet mask Gateway Success of Search AP Wireless LAN Ethernet Network 192.168.2.130 255.255.255.0 0.0.0.0 Yes, then you can No, you should change the AP to match your subnet then search again. 2. change your PCs IP 192.168.2.130 255.255.255.0 Any value No, you should 192.168.2.130 255.255.255.0 Not 0.0.0.0 reset to defaults, 1. reset to defaults address to 192.168.39.X then search again 5
. T r o u b l e s h o o t i n g In Windows NT/2000/XP, you must login with Administrator privi-
leges so that all functions of the SpaceLink Access Point Manager can function correctly. If you do not login as a member of the Ad-
ministrator group, you cannot run Access Point Manager. Problem How do I upgrade the firmware on the SpaceLink Access Point?
Solution Periodically, a new Flash Code is available for SpaceLink Access Points on the Web site at http://www.asus.com. Ideally, you should update an Access Points Flash Code using the ASUS AP Live Update utility installed along with the ASUS AP Manager. See the next section for instructions on using ASUS AP Live Update. 48 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix 6. Appendix Operating frequency range The DSSS PHY shall operate in the frequency range of 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz as allocated by regulatory bodies in the USA and Europe or in the 2.471 GHz to 2.497 GHz frequency band as allocated by regulatory authority in Japan. Number of operating channels The channel center frequencies and CH ID numbers shall be as shown below. The FCC (US), IC (Canada), and ETSI (Europe) specify operation from 2.4 GHz to 2.4835 GHz. For Japan, operation is specified as 2.471 GHz to 2.497 GHz. France allows operation from 2.4465 GHz to 2.4835 GHz, and Spain allows operation from 2.445 GHz to 2.475 GHz. For each supported regulatory domain, all channels marked with Yes shall be supported. In a multiple cell network topology, overlapping and/or adjacent cells using different channels can operate simultaneously without interference if the distance between the center frequencies is at least 30 MHz. Channel 14 shall be designated specifically for operation in Japan. DSSS PHY frequency channel plan CH ID Frequency X10'
FCC X20'
IC X30'
ETSI X31'
Spain X32'
France X40'
MKK
(Regulatory Domains) 2412 MHz 1 2417 MHz 2 2422 MHz 3 2427 MHz 4 2432 MHz 5 2437 MHz 6 2442 MHz 7 2447 MHz 8 9 2452 MHz 10 2457 MHz 11 2462 MHz 12 2467 MHz 13 2472 MHz 14 2484 MHz Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes-
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 49 Appendix SpaceLink Access Point Specifications The following technical specification is for reference purposes only. Actual products performance and compliance with local telecommunications regulations may vary from country to country. ASUS will only ship products that are type approved in the destination country. Ethernet Interface RJ45 for 10BaseT with auto crossover MDI/MDI-X Data Rate 11 Mbps with auto fallback to 5.5, 2 and 1 Mbps Modulation CCK (11Mbps, 5.5Mbps), DQPSK (2Mbps), DBPSK (1Mbps) Technology Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum RF Output Power 14 ~ 17 dBm (at nominal temperature range) Antenna Range 2 internal polarization diversity dipole antennas, One RF connector for optional external antenna Indoor 130 ft (40 m), semi-open 330 ft (100 m), outdoor (LOS, Light-Of-Sight) 1500 ft (457 m) at 11Mbps The range may vary by different environment Receiver Sensitivity Per< 8% @ length=1024 octets (at nominal temp. range) 11Mbps: -82 to -85 dBm; 5.5Mbps: -85 to -88 dBm;
2 Mbps: -88 to -91 dBm; 1 Mbps: -91 to -93 dBm Operating Frequency 2.412 to 2.462 GHz (North America) 2.412 to 2.484 GHz (Japan) 2.412 to 2.472 GHz (Europe ETSI) 2.457 to 2.462 GHz (Spain) 2.457 to 2.472 GHz (France) WEP Utilities A p p e n d i x 64/128-bit WEP; each includes 4 user-defined keys AP Manager: User-friendly utility for discovering and configuring SpaceLink Access Points with Access Control List features AP Live Update: Download the newest firmware from the Internet 50 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix Supported OS Windows 98, 98SE, ME, NT4, 2000, XP SNMP Support MIB II, Proprietary Wireless MIBs LED Indicators Power, Wireless, Ethernet DC Power Adapter AC Input: 100V to 240V(50 to 60HZ) DC Output: 5V with max. 1 A current Operating Temp. 0C to 55C Storage Temp.
-20C to 70C Humidity Emissions Size Weight 5 to 95% (non-condensing) ETS 300 328 and ETS 300 826; CE Mark FCC Part 15C, Section 15.247 40 mm (L) 138 mm (W) 150 mm (H) ( 0.2) 400 g excluding power supply Warranty One Year Limited Warranty Operating Modes Access Point Points Standard 802.11b based access point, provides roaming capability between Wi-Fi compliant Access Access Point Client Act as a client station to associate with existing access points and bridge traffic from Ethernet port to a remote backbone network through the wireless interface Wireless Bridge Point-to-point or point-to-multi-points to bridge individual networks x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 51 Appendix DNS Server Address (Domain Name System) DNS allows Internet host computers to have a domain name and one or more IP addresses. A DNS server keeps a database of host computers and their respective domain names and IP addresses, so that when a user enters a domain name into the Internet browser, the user is sent to the proper IP address. The DNS server address used by the computers on your home network is the location of the DNS server your ISP has assigned. DSL Modem (Digital Subscriber Line) - A DSL modem uses your existing phone lines to transmit data at high speeds. Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum See next few pages for detailed explanation. Encryption This provides wireless data transmissions with a level of security. Extended Service Set (ESS) A set of one or more interconnected basic service set (BSSs) and integrated local area networks (LANs) can be configured as an Extended Service Set. ESSID (Extended Service Set Identifier) You must have the same ESSID entered into the gateway and each of its wireless clients. The ESSID is a unique identifier for your wireless network. Ethernet The most widely used LAN access method, which is defined by the IEEE 802.3 standard. Ethernet is normally a shared media LAN meaning all devices on the network segment share total bandwidth. Ethernet networks operate at 10Mbps using CSMA/CD to run over 10-BaseT cables. Firewall A firewall determines which information passes in and out of a network. NAT can create a natural firewall by hiding a local networks IP addresses from the Internet. A Firewall prevents anyone outside of your network from accessing your computer and possibly damaging or viewing your files. A p p e n d i x 52 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix Gateway A network point that manages all the data traffic of your network, as well as to the Internet and connects one network to another. IEEE The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. The IEEE sets standards for networking, including Ethernet LANs. IEEE standards ensure interoperability between systems of the same type. IEEE 802.11 IEEE 802.xx is a set of specifications for LANs from the Institute of Electrical and Electronic Engineers (IEEE). Most wired networks conform to 802.3, the specification for CSMA/CD based Ethernet networks or 802.5, the specification for token ring networks. 802.11 defines the standard for wireless LANs encompassing three incompatible (non-interoperable) technologies: Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS), Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS), and Infrared. 802.11 specifies a carrier sense media access control and physical layer specifications for 1 and 2 Mbps wireless LANs. IEEE 802.11a / IEEE 802.11b See next few pages for detailed explanations. Infrastructure A wireless network centered about an access point. In this environment, the access point not only provides communication with the wired network but also mediates wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood. IP (Internet Protocol) The TCP/IP standard protocol that defines the IP datagram as the unit of information passed across an Internet and provides the basis for connectionless packet delivery service. IP includes the ICMP control and error message protocol as an integral part. It provides the functional equivalent of ISO OSI Network Services. IP Address An IP address is a 32-bit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent across the Internet. An IP address has two parts: the identifier of a particular network on the Internet and an identifier of the particular device (which can be a server or a workstation) within that network. x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 53 Appendix ISM Bands (Industrial, Scientific, and Medicine Bands) Radio frequency bands that the Federal Communications Commission
(FCC) authorized for wireless LANs. The ISM bands are located at 902 MHz, 2.400 GHz, and 5.7 GHz. ISP (Internet Service Provider) An organization that provides access to the Internet. Small ISPs provide service via modem and ISDN while the larger ones also offer private line hookups (T1, fractional T1, etc.). LAN (Local Area Network) A communications network that serves users within a defined geographical area. The benefits include the sharing of Internet access, files and equipment like printers and storage devices. Special network cabling (10 Base-T) is often used to connect the PCs together. MAC Address (Media Access Control) - A MAC address is the hardware address of a device connected to a network. NAT (Network Address Translation) - NAT masks a local networks group of IP addresses from the external network, allowing a local network of computers to share a single ISP account. This process allows all of the computers on your home network to use one IP address. This will enable access to the Internet from any computer on your home network without having to purchase more IP addresses from your ISP. NIC (Network Interface Card) A network adapter inserted into a computer so that the computer can be connected to a network. It is responsible for converting data from stored in the computer to the form transmitted or received. Packet A basic message unit for communication across a network. A packet usually includes routing information, data, and sometimes error detection information. A p p e n d i x 54 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix PCMCIA (Personal Computer Memory Card International Association) The Personal Computer Memory Card International Association (PCMCIA), develops standards for PC cards, formerly known as PCMCIA cards. These cards are available in three types, and are have about the same length and width as credit cards. However, the different width of the cards ranges in thickness from 3.3 mm (Type I) to 5.0 mm (Type II) to 10.5 mm (Type III). These cards can be used for various functions, including memory storage, landline modems and wireless modems. PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol) PPP is a protocol for communication between computers using a serial interface, typically a personal computer connected by phone line to a server. PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet) Point-to-Point Protocol is a method of secure data transmission. PPP using Ethernet to connect to an ISP. Radio Frequency (RF) Terms: GHz, MHz, Hz The international unit for measuring frequency is Hertz (Hz), equivalent to the older unit of cycles per second. One megahertz (MHz) is one million Hertz. One gigahertz (GHz) is one billion Hertz. The standard US electrical power frequency is 60 Hz, the AM broadcast radio frequency band is 0.55-
1.6 MHz, the FM broadcast radio frequency band is 88-108 MHz, and wireless 802.11 LANs operate at 2.4 GHz. SSID (Service Set ID) SSID is a group name shared by every member of a wireless network. Only client PCs with the same SSID are allowed to establish a connection. Station Any device containing IEEE 802.11 wireless medium access conformity. Subnet Mask A subnet mask is a set of four numbers configured like an IP address. It is used to create IP address numbers used only within a particular network. x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 55 Appendix TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) The standard transport level protocol that provides the full duplex, stream service on which many application protocols depend. TCP allows a process or one machine to send a stream of data to a process on another. Software implementing TCP usually resides in the operating system and uses the IP to transmit information across the network. WAN (Wide Area Network) A system of LANs, connected together. A network that connects computers located in separate areas, (i.e., different buildings, cities, countries). The Internet is a wide area network. WECA (Wireless Ethernet Compatibility Alliance) An industry group that certifies cross-vender interoperability and compatibility of IEEE 802.11b wireless networking products and to promote that standard for enterprise, small business, and home environments. WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) This is a group of computers and other devices connected wirelessly in a small area. A wireless network is referred to as LAN or WLAN. A p p e n d i x 56 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix IEEE 802.11b (11Mbits/sec) In 1997, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) adopted the 802.11 standard for wireless devices operating in the 2.4 GHz frequency band. This standard includes provisions for three radio technologies: direct sequence spread spectrum, frequency hopping spread spectrum, and infrared. Devices that comply with the 802.11 standard operate at a data rate of either 1 or 2 Mbps. In 1999, the IEEE created the 802.11b standard. 802.11b is essentially identical to the 802.11 standard except 802.11b provides for data rates of up to 11 Mbps for direct sequence spread spectrum devices. Under 802.11b, direct sequence devices can operate at 11 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 2 Mbps, or 1 Mbps. This provides interoperability with existing 802.11 direct sequence devices that operate only at 2 Mbps. Direct sequence spread spectrum devices spread a radio signal over a range of frequencies. The IEEE 802.11b specification allocates the 2.4 GHz frequency band into 14 overlapping operating Channels. Each Channel corresponds to a different set of frequencies. See the Appendix to determine the center frequency used by each Channel. If operating multiple 802.11b Wireless PCI Cards in the same vicinity, the distance between the center frequencies must be at least 25 MHz to avoid interference. Note that the Channels available to an 802.11b Wireless PCI Card will vary from country to country. In the United States, the 802.11b standard allocates 11 operating Channels for direct sequence devices. Channels 1, 6, and 11 are independent and do not overlap with each other. To avoid interference between 802.11b Wireless PCI Cards, It is recommended that you configure the Wireless PCI Cards using only Channels 1, 6, and 11. x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 57 Appendix Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (for 802.11b) Spread spectrum (broadband) uses a narrowband signal to spread the transmission over a segment of the radio frequency band or spectrum. Direct-
sequence is a spread spectrum technique where the transmitted signal is spread over a particular frequency range. The Space Link Wireless PCI Card uses Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) for radio communication. Direct-sequence systems communicate by continuously transmitting a redundant pattern of bits called a chipping sequence. Each bit of transmitted data is mapped into chips by the Wireless PCI Card and rearranged into a pseudorandom spreading code to form the chipping sequence. The chipping sequence is combined with a transmitted data stream to produce the Wireless PCI Card output signal. Wireless mobile clients receiving a direct-sequence transmission use the spreading code to map the chips within the chipping sequence back into bits to recreate the original data transmitted by the Wireless PCI Card. Intercepting and decoding a direct-sequence transmission requires a predefined algorithm to associate the spreading code used by the transmitting Wireless PCI Card to the receiving wireless mobile client. This algorithm is established by IEEE 802.11b specifications. The bit redundancy within the chipping sequence enables the receiving wireless mobile client to recreate the original data pattern, even if bits in the chipping sequence are corrupted by interference. The ratio of chips per bit is called the spreading ratio. A high spreading ratio increases the resistance of the signal to interference. A low spreading ratio increases the bandwidth available to the user. The Wireless PCI Card uses a constant chip rate of 11Mchips/s for all data rates, but uses different modulation schemes to encode more bits per chip at the higher data rates. The Wireless PCI Card is capable of an 11 Mbps data transmission rate, but the coverage area is less than a 1 or 2 Mbps Wireless PCI Card since coverage area decreases as bandwidth increases. A p p e n d i x 58 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix IEEE 802.11a (54Mbits/sec) The 802.11b standard was designed to operate in the 2.4-GHz ISM
(Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band using direct-sequence spread-
spectrum technology. The 802.11a standard, on the other hand, was designed to operate in the more recently allocated 5-GHz UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) band. And unlike 802.11b, the 802.11a standard departs from the traditional spread-spectrum technology, instead using a frequency division multiplexing scheme that's intended to be friendlier to office environments. The 802.11a standard, which supports data rates of up to 54 Mbps, is the Fast Ethernet analog to 802.11b, which supports data rates of up to 11 Mbps. Like Ethernet and Fast Ethernet, 802.11b and 802.11a use an identical MAC (Media Access Control). However, while Fast Ethernet uses the same physical-layer encoding scheme as Ethernet (only faster), 802.11a uses an entirely different encoding scheme, called OFDM (orthogonal frequency division multiplexing). The 802.11b spectrum is plagued by saturation from wireless phones, microwave ovens and other emerging wireless technologies, such as Bluetooth. In contrast, 802.11a spectrum is relatively free of interference. The 802.11a standard gains some of its performance from the higher frequencies at which it operates. The laws of information theory tie frequency, radiated power and distance together in an inverse relationship. Thus, moving up to the 5-GHz spectrum from 2.4 GHz will lead to shorter distances, given the same radiated power and encoding scheme. x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 59 Appendix COFDM (for 802.11a) Power alone is not enough to maintain 802.11b-like distances in an 802.11a environment. To compensate, vendors specified and designed a new physical-layer encoding technology that departs from the traditional direct-
sequence technology being deployed today. This technology is called COFDM (coded OFDM). COFDM was developed specifically for indoor wireless use and offers performance much superior to that of spread-
spectrum solutions. COFDM works by breaking one high-speed data carrier into several lower-speed subcarriers, which are then transmitted in parallel. Each high-speed carrier is 20 MHz wide and is broken up into 52 subchannels, each approximately 300 KHz wide. COFDM uses 48 of these subchannels for data, while the remaining four are used for error correction. COFDM delivers higher data rates and a high degree of multipath reflection recovery, thanks to its encoding scheme and error correction. Each subchannel in the COFDM implementation is about 300 KHz wide. At the low end of the speed gradient, BPSK (binary phase shift keying) is used to encode 125 Kbps of data per channel, resulting in a 6,000-Kbps, or 6 Mbps, data rate. Using quadrature phase shift keying, you can double the amount of data encoded to 250 Kbps per channel, yielding a 12-Mbps data rate. And by using 16-level quadrature amplitude modulation encoding 4 bits per hertz, you can achieve a data rate of 24 Mbps. The 802.11a standard specifies that all 802.11a-compliant products must support these basic data rates. The standard also lets the vendor extend the modulation scheme beyond 24 Mbps. Remember, the more bits per cycle (hertz) that are encoded, the more susceptible the signal will be to interference and fading, and ultimately, the shorter the range, unless power output is increased. A p p e n d i x 60 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix 7. Safety Information Federal Communications Commission Statement This device complies with FCC Rules Part 15. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
This device may not cause harmful interference, and This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. CAUTION!
You are cautioned that changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void your authority to operate the equipment. Reprinted from the Code of Federal Regulations #47, part 15.193, 1993. Washington DC: Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records Administration, U.S. Government Printing Office. x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 61 Appendix Canadian Department of Communications This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus set out in the Radio Interference Regulations of the Canadian Department of Communications. This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Cet appareil numrique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB-003 du Canada. Regulatory Information / Disclaimers Installation and use of this Wireless LAN device must be in strict accordance with the instructions included in the user documentation provided with the product. Any changes or modifications (including the antennas) made to this device that are not expressly approved by the manufacturer may void the user's authority to operate the equipment. The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or television interference caused by unauthorized modification of this device, or the substitution of the connecting cables and equipment other than manufacturer specified. It is the responsibility of the user to correct any interference caused by such unauthorized modification, substitution or attachment. Manufacturer and its authorized resellers or distributors will assume no liability for any damage or violation of government regulations arising from failing to comply with these guidelines. CAUTION: To maintain compliance with FCC's RF exposure guide-
lines, this equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance [20cm] between the radiator and your body. Use on the sup-
plied antenna. Unauthorized antenna, modification, or attachments could damage the transmitter and may violate FCC regulations. Safety Information In order to maintain compliance with the FCC RF exposure guidelines, this equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance
[20cm] between the radiator and your body. Use only with supplied antenna. Unauthorized antenna, modification, or attachments could damage the transmitter and may violate FCC regulations. CAUTION: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved in this manual could void your authorization to use this device. A p p e n d i x 62 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point Appendix MPE Statement Your device contains a low power transmitter. When device is transmitted it sends out Radio Frequency (RF) signal. Caution Statement of the FCC Radio Frequency Exposure This Wireless LAN radio device has been evaluated under FCC Bulletin OET 65C and found compliant to the requirements as set forth in CFR 47 Sections 2.1091, 2.1093, and 15.247(b)(4) addressing RF Exposure from radio frequency devices. The radiation output power of this Wireless LAN device is far below the FCC radio frequency exposure limits. Nevertheless, this device shall be used in such a manner that the potential for human contact during normal operation as a mobile or portable device but use in a body-worn way is strictly prohibit. When using this device, a certain separation distance between antenna and nearby persons has to be kept to ensure RF exposure compliance. In order to comply with the RF exposure limits established in the ANSI C95.1 standards, the distance between the antennas and the user should not be less than [20cm]. RF Exposure The antenna(s) used for this transmitter must not be co-located oroperating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. x i d n e p p A ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point 63 64 ASUS SpaceLink 802.11g Access Point
This product uses the FCC Data API but is not endorsed or certified by the FCC