| submitted | available | document details (if available) | source link |
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| December 03 2013 | August 07 2013 | Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points Silver Spring Networks Acrobat Distiller 10.0.0 (Windows) |
| various | User Manual | Users Manual | 634.53 KiB | December 03 2013 / August 07 2013 |
Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points For NIC44 Silver Spring Networks 555 Broadway Street Redwood City, CA 94063 www.silverspringnet.com Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points Copyright 2013 Silver Spring Networks, Inc. All rights reserved. The Silver Spring Networks logo, UtilityIQ, and UtilOS are registered trademarks of Silver Spring Networks, Inc. GridScape, CustomerIQ, and Direct-to-Grid are trademarks of Silver Spring Networks, Inc. All other company and product names are used for identification purposes only and may be registered trademarks, trademarks, or service marks of their respective owners. Please consider the environment before printing this document. Customer Support Country Australia Canada United States Worldwide Contact us on the Web Email aus-support@silverspringnet.com 1300 706 769 Telephone support@silverspringnet.com Toll free:
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+1-650-298-4298 Hours 9:00 AM - 9:00 PM Australia Eastern Time 5:00 AM - 6:00 PM US Pacific Time http://www.silverspringnet.com/services/customer-support.html Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 2 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points Contents Contents 1. About Access Points . 4 Overview. 4 Features . 5 AP Product Description . 5 Battery Backups . 6 Read Storage . 7 Power Requirements . 7 Rebooting or Recycling APs . 7 Standards Compliance . 7 Cellular Modem . 8 Addressing Schemes . 8 Specifications . 9 European Union Compliance . 10 Maintenance Procedures . 11 Surge Protection . 12 Redundant WAN Option . 12 Mounting Options . 12 WAN Options . 12 Throughput Performance . 13 Responding to a WAN Failure . 16 Multicast / Unicast Communications . 16 Networking . 16 Address Management . 17 Administration. 17 Configuration . 18 2. FCC and Government Guidelines. 19 FCC Guidelines for Devices Containing a Transmitter Module . 20 Industry Canada Guidelines for Devices Containing a Transmitter Module . 20 For All Radio Transmitters . 20 For Transmitters Not Requiring Licenses . 21 Safety Information . 21 General Electrical Safety . 22 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) . 23 Fall Protection. 23 Shock Accident First Aid. 24 Index . 25 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 3 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points 1 About Access Points Overview TheSilverSpringAccessPoint(AP)providesthecentrallinkbetweenendpointdevicesand networkcontrolandmonitoring.Itistheconnectivitybetweenintelligentendpointsandthe utilitysbackoffice.Itsflexiblecommunicationfeaturesextendthereachandcoverageofthe networktothousandsofcustomerpremises,throughscalabilitythatlowersownershipcosts. Sinceithasabackupbattery,theAPcanreliablyroutescheduledreadandmanagement tasks,evenduringanoutage.Figure1illustrateshowAPsconnectendpointstotheutility backoffice(UtilityIQdatacenters). Figure 1. The AP in the network TheAccessPointcanbemountedonpowerpolesorstreetlamps.Alloutbound communications(requestsfordata)passthroughtheAP.Allinbounddatapackets(data, alarms)passthroughtheAP. TheAPcanserveasthetakeoutpointfornetworkmanagementtrafficinastandalone communicationnetwork(oralsoforAdvancedMeteringInfrastructureAMI,Distribution AutomationDA,orHANCommunicationsManager(HCM)HCMtrafficinajoint AMI/DA/HCMinstallation).Incertaincases,theAPcanbethetakeoutpointfortraffic. ItisworthnotingthattheSilverSpringarchitecturediffersfrommostothersinthattheAPis notwhatutilitycompaniestypicallycallacollectororconcentratoritisarouter.This meansthatmemorylimitsanddatavulnerabilityissuestypicalofcollectorarchitectureare eliminatedresultinginamorerobust,scalable,simplerandhigherperformancenetwork. TheAccessPointcomeswitha902928MHzbasedradioNeighborhoodAreaNetwork(or NAN)interfacewhichcanbeconfiguredwithanycellulartechnology(forexample,Code Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 4 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points DivisionMultipleAccess,LongTermEvolution,HighSpeedPacketAccess,singlecarrier Radio Transmission Technology)WideAreaNetwork(WAN)interface,orwitha10/100 Ethernetinterface.TheAccessPointprovidesamethodforimplementingthelastmileutility informationandcontrolnetwork. Features ThefeaturesoftheSilverSpringAccessPointare:
Fulltwoway,870876and902928MHzFHSS Onewatttransmitter Dynamicnetworkdiscoveryandselfhealing Robustsecurityfromtheendpointthroughtothewideareanetwork Overtheairnetworkfirmwareupgrades Sophisticatedroutingfunctionsensuremultiplepathstoeachendpoint Automatedschedulingandnetworkmanagementtasks Longreach,multihopnetworks,providinghighendpointtoAccessPointdeployment ratios Weatherresistantoutdoorenclosure,forlongerlifeandgreaterdurability Batterybackupoption(highlyrecommended)forfaulttolerantoperation AP Product Description ThetypesofAPsavailableare:
CellularAPs,SatelliteAPs,PadmountAPs,andEthernetAPs.TheEthernetAPscanbe configuredwith10/100BaseT,andFiberinterfaces. CellularandEthernetAccessPointsareshippedpreconfigured.ForcellularAccessPoints, SilverSpringwillworkwiththechosencellularprovidertofacilitateAccessPointturnup. ForEthernetAccessPoints,SilverSpringwillworkwiththeclientonIPaddressingtoallow SilverSpringtopreconfigurefielddevicesforquickfieldimplementation. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 5 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Figure2showsanEthernetAP. Figure 2. Silver Spring Networks Access Point (AP) Cellular antenna Power connector NAN antenna Battery Backups APscanbeconfiguredwithbatterybackups.Intheeventofapowerfailure,thebattery backupcanprovidecontinuousoperationforatleasteighthours. SilverSpringNetworkssuggestsasabestpractice,abatterybackupwithintheAccessPoint. Whenoperatingonbatterybackup,AccessPointsmaintainfulloperationalfeatures.The InfrastructureBatteryPack(IBP)usessealedleadacidbatterytechnology,whichwilldeliver energyovera40to+85Ctemperaturerange.SilverSpringoperatestheInfrastructure BatteryPackonafloat(thatis,theusagemodelisdefinedaslongperiodsoftoppedoff chargestatesfollowedbysporadicdeepdischargeevents(outageevents). UtilityIQ,GridScape,orHCMapplicationscanactivelymonitorstatus.Eventsrangein severityfrominformational(forexample,exportjobsucceeded)towarning(forexample,the gapfillerhasstartedrunningbecauseanintervalgapwasdetected),toerror(forexample, theDCDetectionflagonthemeterwasset),toemergency.Theseincludeanalarmwhenthe backupbatteryonanAccessPointiscriticallylow. Formoreinformationonbatterybackupdevices,refertowww.enersys.com.Thekey documentsare:
CyclonApplicationManual CyclonSelectionGuide Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 6 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points ThedesignfloatlifeofSilverSpringIBPproductsisuptoeight(8)toten(10)yearsatroom temperature(25C/77F)andunderproperchargingconditions.Thisdesignlifehasbeen confirmedbytheuseofacceleratedtestingmethodsthatarewidelyacceptedbyboth manufacturersandusersofsealedleadbatteries.Hightemperaturesareusedtoaccelerate theagingprocessofthebatteryundertest. Read Storage TheAccessPointhas8MBofRAMand8MBofFlash.NoreadsarestoredwithintheAccess Point. Power Requirements TheAccessPointandRelayrequire96to250VAC(50to60Hz). Powercanbetappeddirectlyfromthepowerlineorfromastreetlightreceptacle. Rebooting or Recycling APs SilverSpringNetworksAPswillrunsteadystateforanindefiniteperiodoftime.Rebootsare notcontingentuponanyinherenttendencyfortheAPtorebootitself.Theonlyconditions thatwouldmanifestarebootare:
Powerfailureintheabsenceofbatterybackup WANdialerreachesahighwatercountthatinducesafirmwarerebootthishappens whencellularcoverageisintermittent Upgradeoffirmware Deliberaterebootinstructionissuedfromfieldtechnicianorfrombackoffice Standards Compliance APscomplywith:
OperatingVibrationstandardANSIC12.20,IEC6006828 OperatingShockstandardANSIC12.20,IEC60068227 HumiditystandardANSIC12.20,IEC6006826 OperatingTemperaturestandardANSIC12.20,IEC6006821,IEC6006822 ElectromagneticSusceptibilitystandardANSIC12.20,IEC6100043 SurgeWithstandCapabilitystandardANSIC12.20,IEC6100045 ElectrostaticDischargestandardANSIC12.20,IEC6100042 ElectricalFastTransientsperANSIC12.20,IEC6100044 ConductedImmunityperIEC6100046 MagneticImmunityIEC6100048 VoltageDips&InterruptsIEC61000411 SafetyStandardforInformationTechnologyEquipment,IEC609501,IEC6095022 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 7 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Cellular Modem Currently,themodemisaSierraWirelessAirLink,RavenX,RavenXT,orRavenXE dependingonAPmodelandcountrylocation. Addressing Schemes SilverSpringsaddressingschemeisbasedontheInternetProtocol(IP)suite.Eachnetwork devicehasoneormoreIPv6addresseswithintheLAN.TheAccessPointwilltypicallyhave anIPv4addressassignedtotheWANside.A6in4tunnelcarriesthedataoveracellular carrierorEthernetbasedbackhaultotheheadend,wherethetunnelisterminated,andIPv6 trafficiscarriedthroughtoUtilityIQ,GridScape,orHCM.Ahighlevelconceptualizationof theNANtoWANnetworksthatAPtraffictraversesisshowninFigure3. Figure 3. APs in the Silver Spring Network TheAccessPointisthecentrallinkbetweentheutilitysenterprisemanagementsystemsand theendpointdevicessuchasSilverSpringenabledelectricity,water,gasmeters,bridges, ExternalCommunicationsModules,andFaultCircuitIndicators. TheAccessPointisavitalpartofthesmartgridnetwork,whichextendssecure,realtime measurementandcontrolinterfaces(withfull,twowaycommunications)throughoutthe networkandtothecustomerpremises. TheAccessPointprovidesahighlyreliableconnectiontoRFdevicesoveraNAN.It communicateswithintelligentendpoints,includingmetersandBridges.TheAccessPoint canalsopassinformationthroughmultipleSilverSpringRelaysorthroughSilverSpring enabledelectricitymetersorMasterBridges.Anditoffersmultiplepathstoeachendpoint, throughsophisticatedmeshnetworkroutingthatensuresgreaterreliabilityandredundancy. TheAccessPointalsoprovidesWANconnectivitytoyourutilitysmissioncritical applicationsthroughdigitalcellularorEthernetconnections. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 8 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Specifications TheAPhardwarespecificationsarelistedinTable1. Table 1. Access Point specifications Feature 900-MHz Communications:
Data rate Frequencies Description 100 - 300 Kbps 902-928 MHz North America 915-928 MHz Australia 902-907.5, 915-928 MHz Brazil 870-876 MHz Luxembourg & United Kingdom 870-873 MHz Portugal 922-928 MHz New Zealand Spread Spectrum technology FHSS Transmitter output Output impedance Receiver sensitivity WAN Physical Interfaces:
Antenna connector NAN antenna 30 dBm 50 ohms
-97 dBm for 1% PER Cellular, Ethernet, Satellite Cellular antenna Protocols/Security:
Addressing Security Encryption Mechanical:
Cellular Ethernet Underground (cellular) Environmental:
Operating Temperature:
Humidity:
Power Voltage Range:
N Type, Female Omni antenna with gain not to exceed 3.6dBi on 2.4GHz and 6.0dBi on 900MHz Mobile Mark antenna RMM-UMB-1S-WHT-7 Internet Protocol Version 6 (IPv6) Secure Hash Algorithm 256 bit (SHA-256) RSA-1024 and /or ECC-
256 AES-128 or AES-256 24cm (9.5) L x 25cm (10) W x 13cm (5.2) H, 2.38kg (5.1 lbs.) weight, IP65, white, aluminum housing 23cm (9) L x 20cm (8) W x 10cm (4) H, 1.8kg (4 lbs.) weight, IP65, white, aluminum housing 34cm (13.5) L x 29cm (11.5) W x 15cm (6) H, 6.2kg (13.6 lbs.) weight, IP67, fiberglass reinforced polyester (FRP) housing
-40C to +70C (-40F to +158F) 0% to 95%, non-condensing 96 to 250 VAC, ~ 1A, 50 to 60Hz Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 9 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Table 1. Access Point specifications (Continued) Feature Power Consumption Battery Backup Option:
Receive Sensitivity Mounting Kit Options:
Pole Other Approvals:
FCC Industry Canada Description Idle Maximum Ethernet 2.5W, 7W Ethernet with battery 2.5W, 8W Cellular 2.5W, 12.5W Cellular with battery 2.5W, 13.5W
> 8 hour operation Receive sensitivity is -102 dBm @ 10-6 BER. Wooden, concrete, light Wall, pad Part 15.247 RSS-210 European Union Compliance ThissectiondescribesSilverSpringNetworkscompliancewiththeEUR&TTEDirective. TheAccessPoint1.5iusesaoneWattFHSSradio.Licenseshavebeenissuedasfollows:
Luxembourg AlicensehasbeenobtainedfromILR(InstitutLuxembourgeoisdeRegulation)tooperate inLuxembourginthe870876MHzband. UnitedKingdom AlicensehasbeenobtainedfromOfcomtooperateinUKinthe870876MHzband. Portugal AlicensehasbeenobtainedfromANACOMtooperateinPortugalinthe870873MHz band. Thisdevicehasbeendesignedtooperatewithandcertifiedforantennasthathavea maximumgainof3.0dBion900MHz.Antennasthathaveagaingreaterthanspecifiedare strictlyprohibitedforusewiththisdevice.Therequiredantennaimpedanceis50ohms. Installationofallantennaradiatingelementsshallhaveaminimumseparationdistanceof20 cmfromallpersonsandmustnotbecolocatedoroperatinginconjunctionwithanyother transmitter. Declaration of Conformity with regard to the R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC Thisdeclarationisonlyvalidforconfigurations(combinationsofsoftware,firmware,and hardware)providedandsupportedbySilverSpringNetworksInc.Theuseofsoftwareor firmwarenotprovidedandsupportedbySilverSpringNetworksInc.mayresultinthe equipmentnolongerbeingcompliantwiththeregulatoryrequirements. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 10 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Note: The equipment is in compliance with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of Directive 1999/5/EC. Thefollowingstandardswereapplied:
EMC:
EN55022(2010),EN55024(2010),EN6100032(2006) EN6100033(2008),ETSIEN3014893v1.4.1 Safety:
EN609501:2006,EN6095022:2006,BSEN62311(2008) Radio:
ETSIEN3002201v2.3.1(201002),ETSIEN3002202v2.3.1(200912), TheconformityassessmentprocedurereferredtoinArticle10anddetailedinAnnexIVof Directive1999/5/EChasbeenfollowed. Note: This equipment is intended to be used in Luxembourg, United Kingdom, and Portugal in conjunction with licenses. For more details, contact Silver Spring Networks Compliance. TheproductcarriestheCEMark:
AcopyoftheDeclarationofConformitymaybeobtainedwithformalrequestto:
SilverSpringNetworks,c/oHardwareEngineering 555BroadwayStreet RedwoodCity,CA94063,USA Declaration of Conformity for RF Exposure ThissystemhasbeenevaluatedforRFexposureforHumansinreferencetoEN62311(2008) Assessmentofelectronicandelectricalequipmentrelatedtohumanexposurerestrictionsfor electromagneticfields(0Hz300GHz).Theminimumseparationdistancefromtheantenna togeneralbystanderis20cm(7.9inches). Installation Note SinceAPsdonothaveapoweron/offswitchfordisconnectingACpowerbeforeservicing, ACpowerisprovidedthroughanACmainsdisconnectswitchorbreaker.Therefore,the electricalinstallationofthisproductisunderthecontrolofthepowerutilitiesortheir authorizedsubcontractors.Refertotheirproceduresforfurtherinstructions. Onlycertaintypesofbatteriescanbeusedforbatteryreplacements.ContactSilverSpring Networksforinformationaboutequivalentbatterytypesthatcanbeusedforreplacement. Maintenance Procedures IfanAccessPointexperiencesanoutage,allendpointdevicesandRelaysthatwere associatedwithitwillconvergeontheirsecondaryAccessPointasfoundwithintheir NodeQs.ThisalleviatesoutagesduetoAccessPointfailure.UtilityIQNetworkElement Manager(NEM),GridScape,orHCMisthenalertedofanAccessPointoutage,andforwards Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 11 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points thismessagetotheoperator.SparepreconfiguredAccessPointsarekeptonhand,andare scheduledfornetworkinsertionwithintheutilitiesworkordermanagementsystem.Within NEM,GridScape,orHCM,thefailedAccessPointisflaggedforRMA,andthedeviceis replaced. Surge Protection APscomplywithupto20kVforcombinationwaveandupto6kVforringwaves(reflectsthe currentEthernetAPandprojectedassembly.) Redundant WAN Option WANredundancyisinherenttotheroutedMeshbeingofferedbySilverSpringNetworks. AccessPointshavetheabilitytoidentifyWANoutagesandforwardtraffictosecondary AccessPointsthroughtheir902928FHSSinterface.Thereisnodowntimerealizedandas routestotheWANbecomeunavailable,thoseroutesageoutoftheroutetablesofadjacent nodesaswouldbeexpectedinafullmeshnetworkthatcontinuouslyupdatesnodequeues androutetables.WhenanAPbecomesunavailable,theroutedMeshdynamically reconfigurestoavailableAPs.WhentheAPcomesbackonline,theroutedMeshdynamically reconfigurestoincludetheAPintheMeshnetwork. ItisthesuggestionofSilverSpringthatmultiplecellularcarriersbespreadacrossthe territorytoreducetheimpactofawidescalecellularoutage.Inaddition,thecominglingof privatebackhaulsuchasprivatenetworkfoundwithinsubstationsisalsoanoption.The SilverSpringNetworksAccessPointcanusepublicorprivatebackhaultechnologiesto communicatetothehostsystem(UtilityIQ,GridScape,orHCM)attheUtilityheadend.An APcanhaveacellularmodem(suchasthoseapprovedforuseonCDMAorGeneralPacket RadioService(GPRS)systemsfromSprint,AT&T,Telusorothercarrier)oranybroadband technologythatisEthernet/IPcompatible(suchasWiFi,fiber,privatemicrowaveor WiMAX).CurrentSilverSpiringcustomersareusingcellularmodems,fiberbackhaul,and privatelicensedandunlicensedwirelessbackhaultechnologies.Additionally,some customersarecurrentlyexperimentingwithsatellitebackhaulconnectionsandwillbe deployingthistechnologywhereneeded. Mounting Options TheAccessPointscanbemountedonautilitypoleorlightpole.Thecanbepadmountedas wellaswallmounted.(Foradditionalinformation,refertotheSilverSpringNetworks InfrastructureHardwareGuide.)SilverSpringrecommendsthattheunitsbemountedata heightof7to9meters. WAN Options AnyWANbackhaulthatcaninterfacewiththeAccessPointsEthernetportandprovide IPv4connectivitytotheHESwithaminimumof40kbpscanbeusedasbackhaul. Customershaveusedthefollowingalternativebackhaultechnologies:
DistributionSubstationBackhaul(forexample,fiber) WiMAX SatelliteRadios Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 12 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points ThedesignruleforAccessPointtoRFdevicesis1to5,000.Atthisratio,themaximumdata throughputrequiredfromaWANsolutionis40kbpsperAccessPoint. Basedonrealworlddataonanetworkofthissize,theaveragewirelessspeedismeasuredat 2.6Mbpsdownstreamand700Kbpsupstream,whichiswellinexcessofrequirements. Thebackhaulisfairlyinsensitivetolatency(thatis,inremotelocations,SilverSpringalready provensuccessfulconnectionusingsatelliteradioswhichhavea~1.5sRTTorRoundTrip Time). SilverSpringrecommendsthatthenetworkdesignforaparticulardeploymentlimit exposuretosinglepointsoffailureandproactivelydesignforredundancybyallowingeach RFdevicetobereachedfrommorethanoneAccessPoint.Inallbutruraldensities,having upto5,000RFdevicesperAPgenerallyresultsinmostRFdevicesbeingabletoreachmore thanoneAccessPoint. Throughput Performance TypicaldatapacketsizesobservedinSmartGridsystemsisbetween150bytesforDAor othersimplecommandandcontrolapplications.AnormalHCMandAMImeterreadpacket isapproximately350bytesincludingfullmeasurementintervals,eventlogs,and instantaneousregisterreads.At100Kbps(10bytes/ms),deliveryof150bytepacketsoccurs at10fulltransactionspersecond. ThelargerAMI/HCMpacketsaredeliveredat35transactionspersecond.Thesearetypical observedratesanditshouldbementionedthatforreliabilityreasonsalltransactionsare completelyacknowledgedfourwayconfirmedevents. Thoughfinaldataisnotavailable,raisingonairdataratesfrom100Kbpsto300Kbpswill roughlydoublethePPSratesattheaggregationpoints(AccessPoints).Thismovesthedaily capacityofanAccessPointfromapproximately400,000transactionsperdaytonearlya million. ThebandwidthbeingfedtotheWANsideoftheAccessPointisdeterminedbywhat backhaulisbeingused. WiththeAccessPointbeingarouterandnotacollector,dataisconstantlybeingtransmitted throughtheWAN,eliminatingtheneedtostoredataforlatertransmission(Storeand Forward).TheAccessPoint,using100KbpsontheNANside,aggregates30005000meters, bridges,orotherRFdevices,whileprocessingapproximately5transactionspersecondand deliveringupwardsof500,000transactionsperdaytothebackoffice. TherawthroughputintheRFNANintheSilverSpringsmartgridsolutionis100Kbps nodetonode.Thismeansthatbetweeneachdevice,thereis100Kbpsofavailable bandwidth.Onaverage,theamountoftrafficisrelativelylowwithrespecttotheamountof availablebandwidth. Figure4illustratesdatacollectedfromalivecustomernetworkoveraperiodofoneweek. Asshown,theaveragebandwidthconsumedbyAdvancedMeteringtrafficisapproximately Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 13 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points 15Kbpsor15%,leaving85%forothersmartgridsolutionssuchasDAorDR(disaster recovery). Figure 4. Average bandwidth consumed by AMI traffic ItisworthnotingthatthereareanumberoffactorsthatimpacteachRFMeshlinkbetween anytwonodesincludingbutnotlimitedto:scheduledjobs(suchasmeterreads),path selectionfromanRFdevicetoanAccessPoint,failuresoroutages,etc.Aneffectivemethod tomonitornetworkperformance(datatransmission,bandwidthutilization,etc.)isatan AccessPointastheAPisthetakeoutpointforallassociatedRFdevices.MeaningRFdevices andRelaysintheSilverSpringNANareconstantlyretuningto,optimizingtheirpathsand reportingintotheirAccessPoints. AlltrafficflowinginandoutoftheRFMeshnetworkmusttraversetheAccessPoint.Whileit isfairlysimpletomonitorasingleAccessPoint,itisimportanttorealizethatthereare typicallymanyAccessPointsinacommerciallydeployedsmartgridsystem.TheSilver SpringsolutionenablesallAccessPointstooperateindependentlyandinparallel,effectively increasingthroughputandreducinglatency. TheSilverSpringUtilityIQNEM,GridScape,andHCMenabletheconfigurationofpolices forbandwidthutilizationforboththeWANandtheNAN.Onceconfigured,themonitoring applicationsgeneratealertsforanybandwidthutilizationpolicyviolations.Thenetwork statisticsreportprovidesdetailedinsightintopotentialnetworkloadissues. ThemonitoringapplicationscanmeasureandreportonRFcharacteristicsintheNAN, includingtheidentificationofdevicesassociatedwithareasofpoorcoverage.Havingsuch dataenablesSilverSpringtoassesswhethersuchareasrequirethedeploymentofadditional RelaysorAccessPoints.Thisisespeciallyusefulintheearlyphasesofadeployment. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 14 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Figure 5. AP Failure management 1 Alert Recieved 2 Alert Cleared?
No 3 Ping the IPv6 Address of the AP 6 Ping the IPv4 Address of the AP 10 Traceroute to the IPv4 Address of the AP 12 From a remote server ping the IPv4 address of AP Yes Stop 4 IPv6 reachable?
No No No 7 IPv4 reachable?
11 Traceroute terminates inside L42?
13 IPv4 reachable?
Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes 14 Identify Neighbouring Devices 15 Check NodeQ of neighbours No Problem with Event Monitoring Call IT 5 Alert Cleared?
Problem with AP Hardware Call Field Engineer 8 B/D O AP?
9 Use Wireless ACE utility to isolate Problem Yes No Problem with BO Network Call IT AP 6in4 Problem with 6in4 tunnel Call IT Problem with BO Network Call IT No Problem with AP Hardware Call Field Engineer 16 AP Seen in neighbour NodeQ?
Yes Yes Problem with AP Hardware Call Field Engineer 17 Is reboot counter increasing?
Yes Problem with WAN Network Call WAN Carrier 20 Carrier Network OK No Problem with WAN Network Wait for resolution 18 Attempt to reboot Manually 19 Manual reboot resolve?
No Problem with AP Hardware Call Field Engineer Yes Stop Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 15 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Responding to a WAN Failure AnAPmightnotbereachablebecausethedevicecannotdialoutontheWAN.Thedevice continuestotrydialingoutuntilitiseitherabletoconnect,orithasdialed308times.Ifitcan connect,thedevicenotifiestheeventmanagementprogramthatithassuccessfully recovered.Ifitcannot,thenthemodemresetsitself.ThebehaviorofanAPrepeatedly becomingunreachable,andthenrecoveringshortlyafter,iscalledflapping. Asmallamountofflappingisnormal.Becauseadevicecanrecoveronitsown,waitforone dayofdowntime,oronetotwodaysoffrequentflappingbeforeinvestigatingfurther. Filteringandreviewingtheeventmanagementprogrammailalertsregularlycanhelpto identifydevicesthatneedattention.Thestandardoperatingprocedureregardingcollector failure/managementisshowninFigure5onpage15. Multicast / Unicast Communications Commandssentfromheadendmonitoringapplications(NEM,GridScape,orHCM) throughtheAccessPoint(AP)areunicast,asthereceiptofeachpacketmustbe acknowledged.However,insimilarfashiontomulticast,commandscanbesenttoa staticallyordynamicallydefinedgroupofRFdevicesforeaseofmanageability.Inaddition, theHESsendsJobsoutinparalleltoAccessPoints,thattheninturn,sendcommandsout toendpoints.Theresultingeffectisparallelprocessingthataccomplishesamulticastlike service. Networking EachNICinSilverSpringRFdevicesregisterswithtwoIPv6addressesoneforeachoftwo APs:aprimaryandsecondaryAP.Whenonedies,anotherisfound.Fromatopology perspective,eachAPisitsownIPv6subnet.SoNICsareintwodifferentsubnetsonefor eachAP. TheendtoendprotocolwithintheNANisAES128/256bit,cryptoIPv6.AstheAccessPoint understandsthefulltopologyoftheunderlyingmesh,theIPv6packetissourceroutedfrom theAPtoeachenddevicemeaningthatthefullcommunicationpathfromtheAccessPoint tothedeviceisspecified,hopbyhop,inthepacket.TheNANendpointtoAccessPoint routingdecisionsaremadehopbyhop(thatis,theNANendpointwillsendtheIPv6packet toitsneighborthathastheleastcostroutetotheAccessPoint.Thenthisneighborwill forwardthepackettoitsneighborwiththebestrouteuntilthepacketreachestheAccess Point.(TheAccessPointacquiresitsunderstandingofthefullmeshtopologybecauseit sendsrouteadvertisementmessagesatrandomizedintervals.) NANsystemonewaylatencyismeasuredat50msperhopbetweenanypointsintheNAN. TheSilverSpringnetworkdesignexpectsonaverage,nomorethan6hopstoanyendpoint
(suchasameterorDataLinkControl,DLC,device).Thiswouldtypicallyyield300msof NANlatencytoanyRForDLCdevice.Inaddition,anAccessPointcanprocessupto10 packetspersecond.EachDLCcommandconsistsofasinglepacket,withoneassociated ACKpacket.WithnootherAMItraffictraversinganAccessPoint,anAccessPointcould process100DLCcommandsandACKs,inapproximately30seconds. ThecellularmodemhasstoreandforwardGPSreportingcapabilitywithaccuracynoless than10meters. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 16 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Address Management FortheLAN,aDDNS(DynamicDNS)systemisused.EachdevicehasoneormoreIPv6 addressedassignedtoit,basedonitslocationinthenetworkandrouteoutoftheLAN. Theseaddressesarethenstoredattheheadendandusedforallcommunicationswiththe devices(ping,trace,reads,etc.),givingthecustomeratrue,nativeendtoendIPnetwork. Administration ThissectiondiscussesadministrativeissuesaboutAccessPoints. TheRavenXmodemineachAPhasaTELNETportthatisusedforinternalcommunications supportpurposes.TheRavenXmodemontheAPusesport6543forTELNET.Donotdisable thisportasdoingsowillpreventtheSierraWirelessapplicationfromcommunicating. Note: Silver Spring does not support end users accessing the APs modem TELNET port. Justlikeameter,itispossibletopinganAccessPoint.TheSilverSpringsolutionusesIPv6, soitissimplyamatterofinvokinganondemandping.Thiscanbeaccomplishedthrough theUtilityIQAMMuserinterface,throughwebservices,throughGridScape,orthrough HCM. YoushouldgettwopingresponsesforeachAP.OneisfromtheRavenXmodem.Theother isfromtheNICintheAP. ToinvokeanondemandpingagainstanAccessPoint,navigatetotheappropriateDevice DetailspageandclickontheOnDemandPinglink(locationvarieswitheachmonitor application).Figure6illustratesthepingsequenceforUtilityIQsAMMapplication. Figure 6. Ping sequence Also,UtilityIQAMMexposesawebservicesAPIforinvokingondemandpingsagainst AccessPoints. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 17 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 1 About Access Points Configuration Tofacilitatetheconfigurationandremovethechanceforhumanerror(forexample,typos)a simpleshellscriptisgeneratedandrunfromaUNIXbasedlaptopwhichhasaSilverSpring FieldServiceUnitattachedtotheUSBport. Note: All Silver Spring APs are configured during the manufacturing process to ensure that the proper profile (Network ID, etc.) is included. Additionally, the software tool, net_mgr, required to configure an AP, is not a user facing tool. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 18 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 2 FCC and Government Guidelines 2 FCC and Government Guidelines Silver Spring Networks NIC FCC ID: OWS-NIC44 IC: 5975A-NIC44 M/N: NIC44 TheAP/RelayNICisREQUIREDtobeprofessionallyinstalledbyaproperlytrained technician.Improperinstallationcouldvoidtheusersauthoritytooperatetheequipment. ThedevicecomplieswithPart15oftheFCCrules.Operationissubjecttothefollowingtwo conditions:
1. Thedevicemaynotcauseharmfulinterference. 2. Thedevicemustacceptanyinterferencereceived,includinginterferencethatmaycause undesiredoperation. Theantennaofthistransmittermustnotbecolocatedoroperatinginconjunctionwithany otherantennaortransmitter. Thedeviceshouldbeinstalledsothatpeoplewillnotcomewithin23cm(9in.)ofthe antenna. ThisequipmenthasbeentestedandfoundtocomplywithPart15oftheFCCRules.This equipmentgenerates,uses,andcanradiateradiofrequencyenergy,andifnotinstalledand usedinaccordancewiththeinstructions,maycauseharmfulinterferencetoradio communications.However,thereisnoguaranteethatinterferencewillnotoccurina particularinstallation.Ifthisequipmentdoescauseharmfulinterferencetoradioor televisionreception(whichcanbedeterminedbyturningtheequipmentoffandon),theuser isencouragedtotrytocorrecttheinterferencebyoneormoreofthefollowingmeasures:
Reorientorrelocatethereceivingantenna. Increasetheseparationbetweentheequipmentandreceiver. Connecttheequipmentintoanoutletonacircuitdifferentfromthattowhichthereceiver disconnected. Consultthedealeroranexperiencedradio/TVtechnicianforhelp. Figure 7. Sample FCC ID label for NIC PCA AP,44,ETHERNET,USA Catalog#200040001 FCCID:OWSNIC44IC:5975ANIC44 ModelNo.:NIC44 ThisdevicecomplieswithPart15oftheFCCRules. Operationissubjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:(1)this devicemaynotcauseharmfulinterferenceand(2)thisdevice mustacceptanyinterferencereceived,includinginterference thatmaycauseundesiredoperation. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 19 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 2 FCC and Government Guidelines CAUTION: Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Silver Spring Networks could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. FCC Guidelines for Devices Containing a Transmitter Module ThefollowingisanextractfromFCCPART15UNLICENSEDMODULARTRANSMITTER APPROVAL,DA001407,Released:June26,2000,Section6describinglabelingrequirements fordevicescontainingamodulartransmitter. Section6.ThemodulartransmittermustbelabeledwithitsownFCCIDnumber,and,if theFCCIDisnotvisiblewhenthemoduleisinstalledinsideanotherdevice,thenthe outsideofthedeviceintowhichthemoduleisinstalledmustalsodisplayalabel referringtotheenclosedmodule.Thisexteriorlabelcanusewordingsuchasthe following:ContainsTransmitterModuleFCCID:XYZMODEL1orContainsFCCID:
XYZMODEL1.Anysimilarwordingthatexpressesthesamemeaningmaybeused.The Granteemayeitherprovidesuchalabel,anexampleofwhichmustbeincludedinthe applicationforequipmentauthorization,or,mustprovideadequateinstructionsalong withthemodulewhichexplainthisrequirement. Inthelattercase,acopyoftheseinstructionsmustbeincludedintheapplicationfor equipmentauthorization. Figure 8. Sample FCC ID label for devices containing a NIC Contains FCC ID: WWWXXXXX IC:YYYYY-XXXX M/N: ZZZZZ Industry Canada Guidelines for Devices Containing a Transmitter Module For All Radio Transmitters Thisradiotransmitter5975ANIC44hasbeenapprovedbyIndustryCanadatooperatewith theantennatypeslistedbelowwiththemaximumpermissiblegainandrequiredantenna impedanceforeachantennatypeindicated.Antennatypesnotincludedinthislist,havinga gaingreaterthanthemaximumgainindicatedforthattype,arestrictlyprohibitedforuse withthisdevice. Antenneomnidirectionnelle,3.0dBisur900MHzet2,4GHzsur3.6dBi Leprsentmetteurradio(identifierledispositifparsonnumrodecertificationouson numrodemodlesilfaitpartiedumatrieldecatgorieI)atapprouvparIndustrie Canadapourfonctionneraveclestypesdantennenumrscidessousetayantungain Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 20 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 2 FCC and Government Guidelines admissiblemaximaletlimpdancerequisepourchaquetypedantenne.Lestypesdantenne noninclusdanscetteliste,oudontlegainestsuprieuraugainmaximalindiqu,sont strictementinterditspourlexploitationdelmetteur. UnderIndustryCanadaregulations,thisradiotransmittermayonlyoperateusingan antennaofatypeandmaximum(orlesser)gainapprovedforthetransmitterbyIndustry Canada.Toreducepotentialradiointerferencetootherusers,theantennatypeanditsgain shouldbesochosenthattheequivalentisotropicallyradiatedpower(e.i.r.p.)isnotmore thanthatnecessaryforsuccessfulcommunication. ConformmentlarglementationdIndustrieCanada,leprsentmetteurradiopeut fonctionneravecuneantenneduntypeetdungainmaximal(ouinfrieur)approuvpour lmetteurparIndustrieCanada.Danslebutderduirelesrisquesdebrouillage radiolectriquelintentiondesautresutilisateurs,ilfautchoisirletypedantenneetson gaindesortequelapuissanceisotroperayonnequivalente(p.i.r.e.)nedpassepas lintensitncessaireltablissementdunecommunicationsatisfaisante. For Transmitters Not Requiring Licenses ThisdevicecomplieswithIndustryCanadalicenceexemptRSSstandard(s).Operationis subjecttothefollowingtwoconditions:(1)thisdevicemaynotcauseinterference,and(2) thisdevicemustacceptanyinterference,includinginterferencethatmaycauseundesired operationofthedevice. LeprsentappareilestconformeauxCNRdIndustrieCanadaapplicablesauxappareils radioexemptsdelicence.Lexploitationestautoriseauxdeuxconditionssuivantes:(1) lappareilnedoitpasproduiredebrouillage,et(2)lutilisateurdelappareildoitacceptertout brouillageradiolectriquesubi,mmesilebrouillageestsusceptibledencompromettrele fonctionnement. Safety Information WARNING: Severe shock and explosion hazard! Touching energized parts can result in massive equipment damage, and severe injury or death. Short-circuiting energized parts will result in blinding flash and explosion. Opening and closing electrical circuits can also produce dangerous and explosive arc flashes. Involuntary muscular reactions associated with electrical shock may result in other injuries. Observe the following safety guidelines. Carefulplanningofeveryjobisessential.Nothingshouldbetakenforgranted.Donottake chances!
Readandfollowallapprovedpoliciesandproceduresprovidedbyyouremployer associatedwiththeproceduresinthismanual. Theproceduresinthismanualmustonlybeperformedbyqualifiedworkersin accordancewithlocalutilitysafetypractices,utilityrequirements,andapplicableOSHA andNFPAstandards. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 21 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 2 FCC and Government Guidelines Theinformationcontainedinthisdocumentisintendedtoaidqualifiedpersonnel,andis notareplacementforthepropertrainingrequiredtomakeapersonqualified. SilverSpringNetworksassumesnoliabilityforthecustomersfailuretofollowthese safetyguidelines. General Electrical Safety Performtheproceduresinthismanualinaccordancewithapplicableworkplace standardsestablishedbythefollowingagencies:
OccupationalSafetyandHealthAct(OSHA). TheNationalElectricalCodepublishedbytheNationalFireProtectionAssociation
(NFPA70). NationalElectricalManufacturersAssociation(NEMA). ElectronicsIndustriesAssociation(EIA). InsulatedPowerCableEngineersAssociation(IPCEA). AmericanNationalStandardsInstitute(ANSI).Wheneverpossible,deenergizeall circuitsorequipmentbeforeworkingonthem. Maintainaminimumclearanceof10feet(3meters)betweenlinepotentialandall unqualifiedpersonsatalltimes. Keepunauthorizedpeopleoutoftheworkarea.Beespeciallycautiousofchildren,who tendtobedrawntoworkactivity. DeterminingifacircuitisOFFcanbedifficultinsomeinstances.Checkforcircuitvoltage withanappropriatevoltmeterbeforeworkingonequipmentpresumedtohavebeen deenergized.Tiebreakers,doublethrowdisconnectswitches,automatictransfer switchesandemergencygeneratorscansupplypowerthroughanalternatecircuitor fromanothersource. 120Vcurrentcanbejustalethalashighervoltagesbecausecurrentflowthroughabody dependsuponthebodysresistance. Donottrustinsulationand/orweatherproofingonawireasprotectionfromshock. Useelectricallyinsulatedtools.Inspectportableelectricalequipmentortoolsfordefects andremoveanydefectivedevicesfromserviceimmediately.Allportableelectrical equipmentmusthaveGroundFaultCircuitInterrupter(GFCI)protection. Selecttherighttoolforthejob.Usetoolsproperly.Keeptoolsingoodworkingorder. Makesuretheworkareaisfreeofanyflammablematerial.Flammablevaporscanbe ignitedbyanarcflash. Keeptheworkareacleananddry.Clutteredworkareascauseaccidentsandinjuries. Providegoodlightingintheworkarea.Youcannotworksafelyifyoucannotseewhat youaredoing. Reportunsafeconditionsordefectiveequipmenttoyourimmediatesupervisor. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 22 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 2 FCC and Government Guidelines Handlematerialcarefully.Liftandcarryproperly. Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) AlwayswearPersonalProtectiveEquipment(PPE),inaccordancewithOSHAandANSI standards. Weareyeprotectionandelectricallyinsulatedgloves.Testglovesinaccordancewith ANSIstandardsbeforeuse.Donotuseglovesthatdonotpassappropriatetest procedures. Wearprotectiveclothingsuchaslongsleeveshirtsandlongpantsmadeofflameresistant materials. Removealljewelry. Donotpassanyobjectstoorfromotherpersonsnotprotectedbyinsulatingplatformsor tested,electricallyinsulatedgloves. Fall Protection Whenperformingworkatanyelevation:
Alwaysuseafallprotectionsystem,inaccordancewithOSHAstandards,whenever performingworkatanyelevation. Neveruseconductors,guywires,pins,orcrossarmbraces,etc.tosupportyourweight. Wheneverusingaerialliftdevicessuchashoists,manlifts,vehiclemountedwork platformsandoverheadlifts,readandfollowthemanufacturersguidelinesforsafeand properoperation. Useladdersandscaoldingonlyinaccordancewiththemanufacturersguidelines and/oraccordingtoOSHAstandards. Onlyuseladdersmadeofnonmetallic,nonconductivematerial.Theyshouldbethe propersizeandtypefortheworkintended.Inspectladdersforwearandbreakage. Removeanyoil,grease,orotherslipperymaterials. Donotsettheladderattoosteeportooshallowofanangle.Aruleofthumbistostand erectwithyourtoesagainstthebottomrailsoftheladder,withyourarmsextended straightout.Ifyoucansetyourpalmsontopoftherungthatisateyelevel,theladder shouldbeattheproperangle.Ifaladderanglelabelisprovided,followits recommendations. Iftheladderistoremaininplaceforanextendedperiod,secureitatthetop.Thesupport pointatthetopoftheladdershouldbeatleast24inches(60centimeters)wideto maintainsupportintheeventofsidewaysmovement.Forjobsofshortduration,havea fellowworkersupporttheladderatthebase. Evaluatealltaskstobeperformedfromaladderforpotentialfallhazards,suchas complextasksorsituationsthatrequireleaningfromthesideoftheladder. Theuseofscaffoldingoraworkplatformshouldbeconsideredasanalternativesolution insuchcases. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 23 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 2 FCC and Government Guidelines Shock Accident First Aid Donottouchthevictimwithyourbarehands;usesomethingnonconductivetoseparate thevictimfromtheenergysource. Callforemergencymedicalhelpimmediately.Keepthevictimlyingdown,warm,and comfortableuntilhelparrives.Avoidmovingthevictimincaseofinjurytoneckorback. Positionanunconsciousvictimonasidetoletfluidsdrain. Checkthevictimsbreathingandheartbeat.Ifproperlytrained,applymouthtomouth resuscitationand/orCPRifnecessary. Removeconstrictingitemsfromthevictim,suchasshoes,belts,jewelry,andtightcollars;
theycouldcutoffcirculationifthevictimexperiencesswelling. Applywaterorsalineforafewminutestoanyburnsuntiltheskinreturnstonormal temperature.Donotattempttoremoveclothingthatisstucktoaburn.Ifpossible,elevate burnedareastoreduceswelling. Makesurethevictimreceivesprofessionalmedicalattention,eveniftheyfeelfine. Electricshockcancauseheartfailurehoursaftertheshockisreceived. Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 24 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points Index Index A Access Point 5 Access Point 1.5i 10 address management 17 addressing 9 addressing scheme 8 ANACOM 10 ANSI C37.90.2 7 ANSI C12.2 7 ANSI C12.20 7 AP Access Point 5 administration 17 cellular 5 configuration 18 Ethernet 5 hardware specifications 9 pinging 17 rebooting 7 recycling 7 types 5 B backhaul 8 battery backup 5, 6 BS-EN 62311 11 C CE Mark 11 cellular AP 5 collector 4 concentrator 4 Conducted Immunity 7 D data packet size 13 DDNS (Dynamic DNS) 17 Declaration of Conformity 10 Directive 1999/5/EC 11 Distribution Substation Backhaul 12 DNS (Domain Name System) 17 E EC 60950-1 7 Electrical Fast Transients 7 electromagnetic susceptibility standard 7 electrostatic discharge standard 7 EMC standards 11 EN 300 220-1 v2.3.1 (2010-02) 11 300 220-2 v2.3.1 (2009-12) 11 55022 (2010) 11 55024(2010) 11 60950-22 2006 11 61000-3-2 (2006) 11 61000-3-3 (2008) 11 62311(2008) 11 encryption 9 Ethernet AP 5 ETSI EN 11 EU R&TTE Directive 10 F FCC (Federal Communications Commission) 10 FHSS (Frequency Hopping, Spread Spectrum) 5 fiber 12 flapping 16 float 6 float life 7 G GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) 12 GridScape 6 H HAN Communications Manager (HCM) 4 hardware specifications 9 humidity 9 humidity standard 7 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 25 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points Index I IBP (Infrastructure Battery Pack) 6 IEC 801.2 7 IEC 60068-2-1 7 IEC 60068-2-2 7 IEC 60068-2-27 7 IEC 60068-2-6 7 IEC 60068-2-8 7 IEC 60950-22 7 IEC 61000-4-11 7 IEC 61000-4-2 7 IEC 61000-4-3 7 IEC 61000-4-4 7 IEC 61000-4-5 7 IEC 61000-4-6 7 IEC 61000-4-8 7 Industry Canada 10 Infrastructure 6 Institut Luxembourgeois de Regulation 10 intelligent endpoints 4 IP (Internet Protocol) 8 IPv4 address 8 M Magnetic Immunity 7 maintenance 11 microwave 12 Mobile data antenna 6 modem 8 mounting 4 mounting options 12 multicast 16 N NAN antenna 6 Neighborhood Area Network 4 NEBS 3 7 NIC 16 O Ofcom 10 operating shock standard 7 operating temperature 9 Operating Temperature standard 7 operating vibration standard 7 P Part 15.247 10 power connector 6 power requirements 7 R R&TTE Directive 1999/5/EC 10 radio standards 11 RavenX modem 17 receive sensitivity 10 redundant WAN 12 RF devices 8 RSS-210 10 S Safety Standard for Information Technology Equipment 7 safety standards 11 Satellite radios 12 security 9 Sierra Wireless AirLink PinPoint X 8 standards compliance ANSI C37.90.2 7 IEC 801.2 7 NEBS3 7 surge protection 12 surge withstand capability standard 7 T take-out point 4 TELNET port 17 Telus 12 tunnel 8 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 26 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points Index U unicast 16 UtilityIQ 6 V Voltage Dips & Interrupts 7 voltage range 9 W WAN failures 16 options 12 Wide Area Network 5 Wi-Fi 12 WiMAX 12 Understanding Silver Spring Networks Access Points 4 March 2013 Silver Spring Networks 27
This product uses the FCC Data API but is not endorsed or certified by the FCC