TEW676APBO HIGH POWER WIRELESS OUTDOOR ACCESS POINT Users Manual 2

 

ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32 microsecond. All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an Acknowledgement (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as ACK Timeout. ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment. ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short, transmitter will start to Resend packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high re-transmission. ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate. Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the optimal result based on requirement. Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100 msec. Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called Beacon. Beacon is broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal strength, time stamp, support data rate. All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted. By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go down. DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1. DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization. A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.

Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte. Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an option to increase throughput. Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically. RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte. The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames. Short Preamble : By default, its Enable. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field. The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead. Tx Burst : By default, its Enable. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst. With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel. Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's Enable Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way, 802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame. IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS) With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:

DFS Channels 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140 The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain. The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can not be connected. When WCB1200H2PX detect radar(5GHz) signal, the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit between 15 sec. WMM : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.

When you enable WMM, the Tx Burst will be Disabled automatically by system. WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station Queue Data Transmitted AP to Clients Background. AC_BK Priority Description Low High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example). AC_BE AC_VI AC_VO Best Effort Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue Video Voice High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue High Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic. You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP data. As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission

(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less time-

sensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.

9 Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames 9 CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is determined. 9 CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin". 9 Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network. 9 ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the Client is in charge. 9 AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click Checkbox indicates No ACK When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient. When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet. WMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point. Queue Data Transmitted Clients to AP Background. AC_BK Priority Description Low High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example). AC_BE AC_VI AC_VO Best Effort Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue Video Voice High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue High Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue 9 Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames 9 CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is determined.

9 CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin". 9 Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network. 9 ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the Client is in charge. Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to Repeater AP.

Site Survey Use this tool to scan and locate WISP Access Points and select one to associate with. Please click on Wireless -> Site Survey. Below depicts an example for site survey. ESSID : Available Extend Service Set ID of surrounding Access Points. MAC Address : MAC addresses of surrounding Access Points. Signal : Received signal strength of all found Access Points. Channel : Channel numbers used by all found Access Points. Security : Security type by all found Access Points. Band : Wireless band used by all found Access Points. Network Type : Network type used by all found Access Points. Select : Click Select to configure settings and associate with chosen AP. While clicking Select button in the Site Survey Table, the ESSID and Security Type will apply in the Wireless Profile Setup. However, more settings are needed including Security Key.

Create Wireless Profile The administrator can configure station profiles via this page. Please click on Wireless -> Wireless Profile and follow the below setting. MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Station is displayed here. Profile Name : Set different profiles for quick connection uses. ESSID : Assign Service Set ID for the wireless system. Lock to AP MAC : This allows the station to always maintain connection to a particular AP with a specific MAC address. This is useful as sometimes there can be few identically named SSID's (AP's) with different MAC addresses. With AP lock on, the station will lock to MAC address and not roam between several Access Points with the same ESSID. Channel/Frequency : Select the desired channel range. In CPE+AP or Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode, the Sation's channel must be same with AP. If TEW-676APBO configure different channel with AP, TEW-676APBO unable connect to AP. Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are NONE OPEN, SHARED, WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK. OPEN / SHARED : OPEN and SHARED require the user to set a WEP key to exchange data. 9 Key Index :

key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen. 9 WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys. Key Length Hex ASCII 64-bit 128-bit 10 characters 26 characters 5 characters 13 characters

WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the WPA-PSK protected access. 9 Cipher Suite : Select the desired cipher suite from the drop-down list; the options are AES and TKIP 9 Pre-shared Key : Enter the information for pre-shared key; the key can be either entered as a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters. Profile List : The user can manage the created profiles for home, work or public areas. Below depict an example for Profile List Click Edit an exist profile on the Profile List. The field of System Configuration and Security Policy will display profile's content. Edit profile's content and then click Save button to save the profile. Click Delete to remove profile. Click and Select a profile from list, then click the Connect button to connecting to the wireless network with the profile setting. After clicking Connect button, the system should be jump to Remote AP Page, you can verify connecting status on Remote AP Page. When you click Save button on this page, the system will connect to specify AP and jump to Remote AP Page If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140, TEW-

676APBO Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can not be connected. Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Wireless LAN Network Creation The network manager can configure related wireless settings, Repeater AP Setup, Security Settings, and MAC Filter Settings. Repeater AP Setup Administrators can configure ESSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations, security type settings and MAC Filter settings. Enable Repeater AP : By default, its Enable for repeater AP. Select Enable to activate Repeater AP or click Disable to deactivate this function ESSID : Extended Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified AP. Client Isolation : By default, its Disable. Select Enable, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they cant reach each other. Hidden SSID : By default, its Disable. Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled, network security is enhanced. Its suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP's clients could make to associate to it. Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this Repeater AP. Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable, WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X. Disable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected. WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key.

9 Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN, SHARED or WEPAUTO. 9 Key Index :

key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen. 9 WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys. Key Length 64-bit 128-bit Hex 10 characters 26 characters ASCII 5 characters 13 characters WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the WPA-PSK protected access. 9 Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites 9 Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type. Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters. 9 Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK, broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required. WPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this is selected.

9 WPA General Settings :

x x x x Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites Group Key Update Period : By default, its 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK, broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required. PMK Cache Period : By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time out, the cached key will be deleted. Pre-Authentication : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before pre-

authenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually associating with a new AP. PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise 9 Radius Server Settings :

x x x x IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server. Port : By default, its 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server. Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters. Session Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable re-authenticate service. Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.

WEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and RADIUS settings to complete configuration. 9 Radius Server Settings :

x x x x IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server. Port : By default, its 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server. Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters. Session Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable re-authenticate service. Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate. Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Wireless MAC Filter Setup Continue 6.3.1 Repeater AP Setup section, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access Repeater AP. MAC Filter Setup : By default, its Disable. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC. Two ways to set MAC filter rules :

Only Allow List MAC. The wireless clients in the Enable list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the Disable list will be denied. Only Deny List MAC. The wireless clients in the Enable list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the Disable list will be allowed. Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click Add button, then the MAC address should display in the Enable List. There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this Enable List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons. Click Reboot button to activate your changes MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach. WPA or WPA2 security method is highly recommended.

System Management Configure Management Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods. Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings. TEW-676APBO System Information System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one. Description : Provide description of the system. Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system easier. The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges. Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin users password. New Password : Enter a new password if desired Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check. Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own, New Password : Enter a new password if desired Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check. Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port.

Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service. HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click UploadKey button to select the file and upload it. Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Click GenerateKey button to generate RSA private key. The host key footprint gray blank will display content of RSA key. Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the TEW-676APBO Device to continuously ping a user defined IP address

(it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the TEW-

676APBO device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism. Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool. The Ping works by sending ICMP echo request packets to the target host and listening for ICMP echo response replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device. Enable Ping Watchdog : control will enable Ping Watchdog Tool. IP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool. Ping Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP echo requests are sent by the Ping Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds. Startup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP echo requests are sent by the Ping Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds. Failure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP echo response replies. If the specified number of ICMP echo response packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI

(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a Certificate Error, because the browser treats system as an illegal website. Click Continue to this website to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear.

Configure System Time System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported. Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting. Local Time : Display the current system time. NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server. Enable : Check to select NTP client. Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list. Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list. Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving. If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway and DNS settings Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Configure UPnP Universal Plug and Play(UPnP) is an architecture to enable pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity between PCs, intelligent devices and appliances when UPnP is supported. UPnP works on TCP/IP network to enable UPnP devices to connect and access to each other, very well adopted in home networking environment. UPnP : By default, its Disable. Select Enable or Disable of UPnP Service. Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate changes For UPnP to work in Windows XP, the TEW-676APBO must be available in My Network Places, as shown here: (your specific model may vary) If these devices are not available, you should verify that the correct components and services are loaded in Windows XP. Please refer to Appendix E. Using UPnP on Windows XP TEW-675APBO/TEW-676APBO

Configure SNMP Setup SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and agents. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely. Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting. SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c. ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access. rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access. SNMP v3 Enable: Check to enable SNMP v3. SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security. SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access. SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access. SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access. SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access. SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an assigned server.

Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or notices send by the system. IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages. Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.

Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via this page. Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting. Save Settings to PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk. Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button to upload. Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.

Firmware Upgrade Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations. Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2 minutes to upgrade due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then click Upgrade button to upgrade. 1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding. 2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system. 3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.

Network Utility The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING and TRACEROUTE utility. Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets, detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are available in the Result field while running the PING test. Destination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com, or IP address of the destination, and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field. Count : By default, its 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test. Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP address. It should be used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host. The test is started using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test Destination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network. MAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.

Reboot This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete. A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the reboot process. The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.

Access Control List IP Filter Setup Allows to create deny or allow rules to filter ingress or egress packets from specific source and/or to destination IP address on wired (LAN) or Wireless (WAN) ports. Filter rules could be used to filter unicast or multicast packets on different protocols as shown in the IP Filter Setup. Important to note that IP filter rules has precedence over Virtual server rules. Please click on Advance -> IP Filter Setup and follow the below setting. Source Address/Mask : Enter desired source IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.2.10/32. Source Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80 Destination Address/Mask : Enter desired destination IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.1.10/32 Destination Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80 In/Out : Applies to Ingress or egress packets Protocol : Supports TCP, UDP or ICMP. Listen : Click Yes radial button to match TCP packets only with the SYN flag. Active : Deny to drop and Pass to allow per filter rules Interface : The interface that a filter rule applies All packets are allowed by default. Deny rules could be added to the filter list to filter out unwanted packets and leave remaining allowed. Click Save button to add IP filter rule. Total of 20 rules maximum allowed in the IP Filter List. All rules can be edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. When you create rules in the IP Filter List, the prior rules maintain higher priority. To allow limited access from a subnet to a destination network manager needs to create allow rules first and followed by deny rules. So, if you just want one IP address to access the system via telnet from your subnet, not others, the Example 1 demonstrates it, not rules in the Example 2.

Example 1 : Create a higher priority rule to allow IP address 192.168.2.2 Telnet access from LAN port first, and deny Telnet access from remaining IP addresses in the same subnet. Rule Source IP/Mask Port Destination IP/Mask 1 2 192.168.2.2/32 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.2.254/32 192.168.2.254/32 Port 22 22 In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side In In TCP TCP n n Pass Deny LAN LAN Example 2 : All Telnet access to the system from the IP addresses of subnet 192.168.2.x works with the rule 1 of Example 2. The rule 2 wont make any difference. Rule Source IP/Mask Port Destination IP/Mask 1 2 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.2.2/32 192.168.2.254/32 192.168.2.254/32 Port 22 22 In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side In In TCP TCP n n Deny pass LAN LAN

MAC Filter Setup Allows to create MAC filter rules to allow or deny unicast or multicast packets from limited number of MAC addresses. Important to note that MAC filter rules have precedence over IP Filter rules. Please click on Advance -> MAC Filter Setup and follow the below setting. MAC Filter Rule : By default, its Disable. Options are Disabled, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC. Click Save button to save your change. Two ways to set the MAC Filter List:

Only Allow List MAC. The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied. Only Deny List MAC. The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed. MAC Address : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click Add button, then the MAC address should display in the MAC Filter List. There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this MAC Filter List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Parental Control Setup Parental Control allows you to block or allow specific kinds of Internet usage and traffic, such as Internet access, designated services, and websites. SSID: Main_AP NAT SSID: Repeater Main_AP Internet Facebook B Main Base Station 192.168.1.150 WIFI WAN 192.168.1.254 TEW-676APBO LAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.x MSN A 192.168.2.x Please click on Advance -> Parental Control and follow the below setting. Rules : control can be managed by a rule. Use the settings on this screen to establish an access policy. Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes. MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click Add button to add in the MAC group of each rule. Click Remove button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule. There are 10 MAC address maximum allowed in each rule. Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local IP addresses include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254.

Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol(TCP, UDP, ICMP, URL Blocking and Application) from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Local(LAN)/ Destination Port can not used. If you want to block websites with specific URL address or using specific keywords, enter each URL or keyworks in the URL Blocking field and click Add button to add in the URL Blocking list of each rule. Click Remove button can remove URL or keywords. Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule Active : Check Enable button to activate this rule, and Disable to deactivate. Click Add button to add control rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this Control List. All rules can be removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

QoS Setup Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and the networking methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely to be dropped when the network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for time-

critical application such as video-on-demand. A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source address, destination address, source port number, destination port number or incoming port number. For example, you can configure a classifier to select traffic from the same protocol port (such as FTP) to form a flow. Shaping 192.168.2.50 MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:01 Download: 1024K Upload: 256K Download: 512K Upload: 256K 192.168.2.51 MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:02 Download: 2048K Upload: 1024K LAN 192.168.2.254 WAN 192.168.1.254 TEW-676APBO NAT 192.168.2.x SSID: Main_AP NAT SSID: Repeater Main_AP Internet Down: 1024Kbps Up: 512Kbps B Main Base Station 192.168.1.150 WIFI WAN 192.168.1.254 TEW-676APBO LAN 192.168.2.254 Down: 2048Kbps Up: 1024Kbps 192.168.2.x A 192.168.2.x Please click on Advance -> QoS and follow the below setting.

Rules : Use the rules to define the classifiers. After you define the rules, you can specify action to act upon the traffic that matches the rules Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes. MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click Add button to add in the MAC group of each rule. Click Remove button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule. There are 10 MAC address maximum allowed in each rule. Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local IP addresses include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. DSCP Class : Differentiated services code point, DSCP. Select Any or specify classify traffic from drop-down list. The Per-Hop Behavior (PHB) is indicated by encoding a 6-bit valuecalled the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)into the 8-bit Differentiated Services (DS) field of the IP packet header. Below depicts class for DSCP. 9 BE : Default PHB, which is typically best-effort traffic 9 EF : Expedited Forwarding PHB, dedicated to low-loss, low-latency traffic 9 AF : Assured Forwarding PHB, which gives assurance of delivery under conditions. The AF behavior group defines four separate AF classes. Within each class, packets are given a drop precedence (high, medium or low). The combination of classes and drop precedence yields twelve separate DSCP encodings from AF11 through AF43 (see table)

DROP Precedence Low Drop Medium Drop High Drop Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 AF41 AF11 AF42 AF12 AF13 AF43 AF21 AF22 AF23 AF31 AF32 AF33 Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Source/ Destination Port cannot be used. Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule Action : After configuring rule, a policy rule ensures that a traffic flow gets the requested treatment in the network. Remark DSCP : Specify a new DSCP class, if you want to replace or remark the DSCP Bandwidth : Click Enable to activate function, and click Disable to deactivate function Upload / Download : Specify the bandwidth in kilobit per second (Kbps). Enter a number between 8 to 8192, default upload is 128 Kbps, download is 1024 Kbps. Click Add button to add QoS rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this QoS List. All rules can be removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. When you create rules on the QoS List, the previous rules have higher priority. Below depict the examples for explaining priority of QoS setup. Example 1 : On this setting, the FTP has 1024 Kbps upload and 8196 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10. The remaining IP address and other remaining protocol of IP address 192.168.2.10 only can use total bandwidth 512 Kbps bandwidth. Because rule 1's priority is higher than rule 2 Source IP 192.168.2.10 Rule 1 2 Destination IP DSCP Protocol Remark DSCP ANY ANY FTP ANY NO NO Bandwidth (Up/Down) 1024/8196 512/512 Example 2 : On this setting, the FTP has 512 Kbps upload and 512 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10 Because rule 1's priority is higher than rule 2 Rule Source IP Destination IP DSCP Protocol Remark DSCP Bandwidth (Up/Down) 1 2 192.168.2.10 ANY ANY ANY FTP NO NO 512/512 1024/8196

Resource Sharing DMZ DMZ is commonly work with the NAT functionality as an alternative of Virtual Server(Port Forwarding) while wanting all ports of DMZ host visible to Internet users. Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule. In order to use a range of ports available to access to different internal hosts Virtual Server rules are needed. SSID: Main_AP NAT SSID: Repeater Main_AP Internet Main Base Station 192.168.1.150 WIFI WAN 192.168.1.254 TEW-676APBO LAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2. DMZ 192.168.2. Please click on Advance -> DMZ and follow the below setting. 192.168.2.x DMZ : By default, its Disable. Check Enable radial button to enable DMZ. IP Address : Enter IP address of DMZ host and only one DMZ host is supported. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

Virtual Server (Port Forwarding) Virtual Server can also referred to as Port Forward as well and used interchangeably. Resources in the network can be exposed to the Internet users in a controlled manner including on-line gaming, video conferencing or others via Virtual Server setup. Dont repeat ports usage to avoid confusion. Suppose you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), and port 80 to another

(B in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet. SSID: Main_AP NAT SSID: Repeater Main_AP Internet Main Base Station 192.168.1.150 TEW-676APBO WIFI WAN 192.168.1.254 LAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.10 A Please click on Advance -> Virtual Server and follow the below setting. B 192.168.2.20 Port: 21-25 192.168.2.21 Port: 80 Virtual Server : By Default, Its Disable. Check Enable radial button to enable Virtual Server. Description : Enter appropriate message for resource sharing via Virtual Server. Private IP : Enter corresponding IP address of internal resource to share. Protocol Type : Select appropriate sessions, TCP or UDP, from shared host via multiple private ports. Private Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80 Public Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80

. The Private Port and Public Port can be different. However, total number of ports need to be the same. Example : Public Port is 11 to 20 and the Private Port can be a 10 ports range.

Click Add button to add Virtual Server rule to List. Total of maximum 20 rules are allowed in this List. All rules can be edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. While creating multiple Virtual Server rules, the prior rules have higher priority. The Virtual server rules have precedence over the DMZ one while both rules exist. Example 1 and 2 demonstrate proper usage of DMZ and Virtual Server rules. Example 1 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule all connections to TCP port 22 will be directed to TCP port 22 of 192.168.2.10 and remaining connections to port TCP 20~80 will be redirected to port TCP 20~80 of 192.168.2.11 DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12 Rule Protocol 1 2 TCP TCP Private IP 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.11 Private Port Public Port 22 20:80 22 20:80 Example 2 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule all other connections to TCP port 20~80 will be redirected to port 20~80 of 192.168.2.11. The rule 2 wont take effect. DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12 Rule Protocol 1 2 TCP TCP Private IP 192.168.2.11 192.168.2.10 Private Port Public Port 20:80 22 20:80 22

System Status This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, Remote AP, Extra Information and Event Log. Overview Detailed information on System, WAN Information, LAN Information, Wireless Information and DHCP Server Status can be reviewed via this page. System : Display the information of the system. TEW-676APBO System Name : The name of the system. Operating Mode : The mode currently in service. Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system. Description : The reminding note of the system. Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed. Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed. Device Time : The current time of the system. System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot. WAN Information : Display the information of the WAN interface. The WAN port specified Dynamic IP, the Release and Renew button will be show-up, click Release button to release IP address of WAN port, Renew button to renew IP address through DHCP server.

The WAN port specified PPPoE or PPTP, and the Connect and DisConnect button will be show up. Click Connect button to assigned IP address from PPPoE or PPTP server, DisConnect button to release IP address of WAN port. Mode : Supports Static, Dynamic, PPPoE and PPTP modes. Reconnect Mode : The current reconnect mode of the PPPoE or PPTP. MAC Address : The MAC address of the WAN port. IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port. IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the WAN port. IP Gateway : The gateway IP address of the WAN port. Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service. Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service. LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface. MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port. IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port. IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the LAN port. Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port. Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.

Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface. AP MAC Address : The MAC address of the Repeater AP. Station MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Client Station. Channel : The current channel on the Wireless port. AP Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Repeater AP. Station Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless Client Station. Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port. Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port. DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients IP/MAC address via this field. IP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server. MAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices. Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.

Associated Clients Status It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with Repeater AP. AP Information : Highlights key Repeater AP information. AP : Available Repeater AP. ESSID : Display name of ESSID for Repeater AP. MAC Address : Display MAC address for Repeater AP. Status : On/Off Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise. Clients : Display total number of wireless connections on Repeater AP. Repeater AP Clients : Display all associated clients. MAC Address : MAC address of associated clients Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients. Bandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients Idle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection. Connect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection. Disconnect : Click Delete button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Repeater AP.

Remote AP SSID, MAC address, antenna 0/1 received signal strength and channel bandwidth for associated AP are available. ESSID : Shows the current ESSID, which must be the same on the wireless client and AP in order for communication to be established. MAC Address : Display MAC address of associated AP. Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Shows the wireless signal strength of the connection between system and an access point. BandWidth : Shows the current channel bandwidth used for communication. It should be 20 or 40 If display No Connection AP! , you need check Wireless configuration. Things to verify are Channel and Security type. Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power.

Extra Info Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the drop-

down list from system. The Refresh button is used to retrieve latest table information. Netstat Information : Select NetStatus Information on the drop-down list, the connection track list should show-up, the list can be updated using the Refresh button. NetStatus will show all connection track on the system, the information include Protocol, Live Time, Status , Source/Destination IP address and Port. Route table information : Select Route table information on the drop-down list to display route table. TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesnt support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, its capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward. ARP table Information : Select ARP Table Information on the drop-down list to display ARP table. ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP address as final destination to switch packets to. Bridge table information : Select Bridge Table information on the drop-down list to display bridge table. Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge Port should be attached to some interfaces.

Bridge MAC information : Select Bridge MACs Information on the drop-down list to display MAC table. This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces. Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued. Bridge STP Information : Select Bridge STP Information on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP information.

QoS Plot The QoS Plot show graphs which continuously represents the current data traffic on each QoS rule. The chart scale and throughput dimension (bps, Kbps, Mbps) changes dynamically according to the mean throughput value. The statistics is updated automatically every 5 seconds. The throughput statistics of QoS can be updated manually using the Refresh button.

Event Log The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting tool when issues are experienced in system. Time : The date and time when the event occurred. Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such System or User Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as info, error, warning, etc. Message : Description of the event. Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record. Client Bridge + Universal Repeater Configuration When Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode is activated, the system can be configured as an Access Point and Client Station simultaneously. This section provides information in configuring the Client Bridge+Universal Repeater mode with graphical illustrations. TEW-676APBO provides functions as stated below where they can be configured via a user-

friendly web based interface. Option System Wireless Utilities Status Operating Mode General Setup Profiles Settings System Overview LAN Advanced Setup Firmware Upgrade Clients Functions Management Repeater AP Setup Network Utility Remote AP Time Server Wireless Profile Reboot SNMP Site Survey Table 7-1: Client Bridge+Universal Repeater Mode Functions Extra Info Event Log

External Network Connection Network Requirement It can be used as an Client Bridge or Universal Repeater to receive and repeat wireless signal over last mile applications, helping WISPs deliver wireless broadband Internet service to new residential and business customers. In this mode, TEW-676APBO is enabled with DHCP Server functions. The wired clients of WCB1200H2PX are in the same subnet from Main Base Station and it accepts wireless connections from wireless client devices. SSID: Main_AP SSID: Repeater_Main_AP Internet Main Base Station 192.168.2.250 192.168.2.254 TEW-676APBO 192.168.2.10 Figure 7-1 192.168.2.x Client Bridge + Universal Repeater mode network Configuration When the TEW-676APBO configured as an Access Point and Client Station simultaneously, the Wireless General and Advanced Setup also used simultaneously. But the Security Type can be different. In the other word, the channel or other settings will be the same between TEW-676APBO to Main Base Station and wireless client to TEW-676APBO, but security type can be different.

Configure LAN IP Here are the instructions for how to setup the local IP Address and Netmask. Please click on System -> LAN and follow the below setting. Mode : Check either Static IP or Dynamic IP button as desired to set up the system IP of LAN port . Static IP : The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address when static IP is available/ preferred. 9 IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.2.254 9 IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0 9 IP Gateway : The default gateway of the LAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.2.1 Dynamic IP : This configuration type is applicable when the WCB1200H2PX is connected to a network with the presence of a DHCP server; all related IP information will be provided by the DHCP server automatically. Hostname : The Hostname of the LAN port DNS : Check either No Default DNS Server or Specify DNS Server IP button as desired to set up the system DNS. Primary : The IP address of the primary DNS server. Secondary : The IP address of the secondary DNS server. DHCP Setup : Devices connected to the system can obtain an IP address automatically when this service is enabled.

DHCP : Check Enable button to activate this function or Disable to deactivate this service. Start IP / End IP: Specify the range of IP addresses to be used by the DHCP server when assigning IP address to clients. The default range IP address is 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.70, the netmask is 255.255.255.0 DNS1 IP : Enter IP address of the first DNS server; this field is required. DNS2 IP : Enter IP address of the second DNS server; this is optional. WINS IP : Enter IP address of the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server; this is optional. Domain : Enter the domain name for this network. Lease Time : The IP addresses given out by the DHCP server will only be valid for the duration specified by the lease time. Increasing the time ensure client operation without interruptions, but could introduce potential conflicts. Lowering the lease time will avoid potential address conflicts, but might cause more interruptions to the client while it will acquire new IP addresses from the DHCP server. Default is 86400 seconds Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Access Point Association Configure Wireless General Setting The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please click on Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting. Band Mode : Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11a or 802.11a/n mixed mode. Transmit Rate Control : Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging from 6 to 54 Mbps for 802.11a Country : Select the desired country code from the drop-down list; the options are US, ETSI, JP and NONE. Tx Power : You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless network. Specify digit number between 1 to 100 (the unit is %) for your environment. If you are not sure of which setting to choose, then keep the default setting, 100%. When Band Mode select in 802.11a only mode, the HT(High Throughput) Physical Mode and 11n Configuration settings should be hidden immediately. Operating Mode : By default, it's Mixed Mode Mixed Mode : In this mode packets are transmitted with a preamble compatible with the legacy 802.11a/g, the rest of the packet has a new format. In this mode the receiver shall be able to decode both the Mixed Mode packets and legacy packets. Green Field : In this mode high throughput packets are transmitted without a legacy compatible part. Channel Bandwidth : The "Auto MHz option is usually best. The other option is available for special circumstances. Guard Interval : Using Auto option can increase throughput. However, it can also increase error rate in some installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections. Select the option that works best for your installation.

MCS : This parameter represents transmission rate. By default (Auto) the fastest possible transmission rate will be selected. You have the option of selecting the speed if necessary. (Refer to Appendix C. MCS Data Rate) MPDU Enable : Check Enable button to activate this function, and Disable to deactivate. A-MPDU : A-MPDU (Aggregated Mac Protocol Data Unit) allows the transmissions of multiple Ethernet frames to a single location as burst of up to 64kbytes This is performed on the hardware itself. Select Manual to set MPDU Density MPDU Density : Minimum separation of MPDUs in an A-MPDU. 0 7 No Restriction s s 1 s 2 s 4 s 8 s 16 s 2 3 4 5 1 6 A-MSDU : Aggregated Mac Service Data Unit, A-MSDU. Select Enable to allow aggregation for multiple MSDUs in one MPDU. Default is disabled. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF general settings and will be applied to Repeater AP

Wireless Advanced Setup To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly, not necessary higher the better or lower. The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please click on Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting. Short Slot : By default, its Enable for educing the slot time from the standard 20 microseconds to the 9 microsecond short slot time Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the slot time decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the slot time, is the random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender and receiver own right of the channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit from collision because of hidden wireless clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed sooner and other senders attempting to send are listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission and release the channel. Then, following ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot time. However, when long duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might experience subsequent collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time cant improve performance then RTS/CTS could supplement and help improve performance. Extra Slot Time : Slot time is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 9 microsecond. When you enable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to 10, the actual Slot Time=9+10 us. When you disable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to 10, the actual Slot Time=20+10 us.

ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32 microsecond. All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an Acknowledgement (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as ACK Timeout. ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment. ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short, transmitter will start to Resend packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high re-transmission. ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate. Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the optimal result based on requirement. Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100 msec. Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called Beacon. Beacon is broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal strength, time stamp, support data rate. All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted. By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go down. DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1. DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization. A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.

Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte. Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an option to increase throughput. Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically. RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte. The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames. Short Preamble : By default, its Enable. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field. The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead. Tx Burst : By default, its Enable. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst. With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel. Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's Enable Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way, 802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame. IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS) With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:

DFS Channels 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140 The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain. The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and cannot be connected. When WCB1200H2PX detect radar(5GHz) signal, the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit between 15 sec. WMM : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.

When you enable WMM, the Tx Burst will be Disabled automatically by system. WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station Queue Data Transmitted AP to Clients Background. AC_BK Priority Description Low High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example). AC_BE AC_VI AC_VO Best Effort Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue Video Voice High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue High Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic. You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP data. As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission

(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less time-

sensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.

9 Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames 9 CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is determined. 9 CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin". 9 Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network. 9 ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the Client is in charge. 9 AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click Checkbox indicates No ACK When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient. When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet. WMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point. Queue Data Transmitted Clients to AP Background. AC_BK Priority Description Low High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example). AC_BE AC_VI AC_VO Best Effort Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue Video Voice High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue High Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue 9 Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames 9 CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is determined.

9 CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin". 9 Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network. 9 ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the Client is in charge. Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to Repeater AP.

Site Survey Use this tool to scan and locate WISP Access Points and select one to associate with. Please click on Wireless -> Site Survey. Below depicts an example for site survey. ESSID : Available Extend Service Set ID of surrounding Access Points. MAC Address : MAC addresses of surrounding Access Points. Signal : Received signal strength of all found Access Points. Channel : Channel numbers used by all found Access Points. Security : Security type by all found Access Points. Band : Wireless band used by all found Access Points. Network Type : Network type used by all found Access Points. Select : Click Select to configure settings and associate with chosen AP. While clicking Select button in the Site Survey Table, the ESSID and Security Type will apply in the Wireless Profile Setup. However, more settings are needed including Security Key.

Create Wireless Profile The administrator can configure station profiles via this page. Please click on Wireless -> Wireless Profile and follow the below setting. MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Station is displayed here. Profile Name : Set different profiles for quick connection uses. ESSID : Assign Service Set ID for the wireless system. Lock to AP MAC : This allows the station to always maintain connection to a particular AP with a specific MAC address. This is useful as sometimes there can be few identically named SSID's (AP's) with different MAC addresses. With AP lock on, the station will lock to MAC address and not roam between several Access Points with the same ESSID. Channel/Frequency : Select the desired channel range. If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140, TEW-

676APBO Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can not be connect. Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are NONE OPEN, SHARED, WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK. OPEN / SHARED : OPEN and SHARED require the user to set a WEP key to exchange data. 9 Key Index :

key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen. 9 WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys. Key Length Hex ASCII 64-bit 128-bit 10 characters 26 characters 5 characters 13 characters

WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the WPA-PSK protected access. 9 Cipher Suite : Select the desired cipher suite from the drop-down list; the options are AES and TKIP 9 Pre-shared Key : Enter the information for pre-shared key; the key can be either entered as a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters. Profile List : The user can manage the created profiles for home, work or public areas. Below depict an example for Profile List Click Edit an exist profile on the Profile List. The field of System Configuration and Security Policy will display profile's content. Edit profile's content and then click Save button to save the profile. Click Delete to remove profile. Click and Select a profile from list, then click the Connect button to connecting to the wireless network with the profile setting. After clicking Connect button, the system should be jump to Remote AP Page, you can verify connecting status on Remote AP Page. When you click Save button on this page, the system will connect to specify AP and jump to Remote AP Page If tuen on IEEE802.11H and TEW-676APBO connect AP with DFS channel 52-140, TEW-

676APBO Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can not be connect. Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Wireless LAN Network Creation The network manager can configure related wireless settings, Repeater AP Setup, Security Settings, and MAC Filter Settings. Repeater AP Setup Administrators can configure ESSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations, security type settings and MAC Filter settings. Enable Repeater AP : By default, its Enable for repeater AP. Select Enable to activate Repeater AP or click Disable to deactivate this function ESSID : Extended Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified AP. Client Isolation : By default, its Disable. Select Enable, all clients will be isolated from each other, which means they cant reach each other. Hidden SSID : By default, its Disable. Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled, network security is enhanced. Its suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP's clients could make to associate to it. Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this Repeater AP. Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable, WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X. Disable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected. WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key.

9 Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN, SHARED or WEPAUTO. 9 Key Index :

key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen. 9 WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys. Key Length 64-bit 128-bit Hex 10 characters 26 characters ASCII 5 characters 13 characters WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the WPA-PSK protected access. 9 Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites 9 Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type. Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters. 9 Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK, broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required. WPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this is selected.

9 WPA General Settings :

x x x x Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites Group Key Update Period : By default, its 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK, broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required. PMK Cache Period : By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time out, the cached key will be deleted. Pre-Authentication : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before pre-

authenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually associating with a new AP. PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise 9 Radius Server Settings :

x x x x IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server. Port : By default, its 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server. Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters. Session Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable re-authenticate service. Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.

WEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and RADIUS settings to complete configuration. 9 Radius Server Settings :

x x x x IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server. Port : By default, its 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server. Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters. Session Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable re-authenticate service. Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.

Wireless MAC Filter Setup Continue 7.3.1 Repeater AP Setup section, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access Repeater AP. MAC Filter Setup : By default, its Disable. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC. Two ways to set MAC filter rules :

Only Allow List MAC. The wireless clients in the Enable list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the Disable list will be denied. Only Deny List MAC. The wireless clients in the Enable list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the Disable list will be allowed. Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click Add button, then the MAC address should display in the Enable List. There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this Enable List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons. Click Reboot button to activate your changes MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach.WPA or WPA2 security method is highly recommended.

System Management Configure Management Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods. Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings. TEW-676APBO System Information System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one. Description : Provide description of the system. Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system easier. The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges. Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin users password. New Password : Enter a new password if desired Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check. Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own, New Password : Enter a new password if desired Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check. Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port. Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service.

HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click UploadKey button to select the file and upload it. Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Click GenerateKey button to generate RSA private key. The host key footprint gray blank will display content of RSA key. Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the TEW-676APBO Device to continuously ping a user defined IP address

(it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the TEW-

676APBO device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism. Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool. The Ping works by sending ICMP echo request packets to the target host and listening for ICMP echo response replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device. Enable Ping Watchdog : control will enable Ping Watchdog Tool. IP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool. Ping Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP echo requests are sent by the Ping Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds. Startup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP echo requests are sent by the Ping Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds. Failure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP echo response replies. If the specified number of ICMP echo response packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI

(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a Certificate Error, because the browser treats system as an illegal website. Continue to this website to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear. Click

Configure System Time System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported. Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting. Local Time : Display the current system time. NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server. Enable : Check to select NTP client. Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list. Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list. Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving. If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway and DNS settings Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Configure SNMP Setup SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP manager and agent. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely. Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting. SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c. ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access. rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access. SNMP v3 Enable: Check to enable SNMP v3. SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security. SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access. SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access. SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access. SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access. SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an assigned server.

Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or notices send by the system. IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages. Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.

Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via this page. Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting. Save Settings To PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk. Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button to upload. Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.

Firmware Upgrade Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations. Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2 minutes to upgrade due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then click Upgrade button to upgrade. 1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding 2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system. 3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.

Network Utility The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING utility. Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting. Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets, detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are available in the Result field while running the PING test. Destination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com, or IP address of the destination, and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field. Count : By default, its 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test. Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP address. It should be used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host. The test is started using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test Destination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network. MAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.

Reboot This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete. A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the reboot process. The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot.

System Status This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, Remote AP, Extra Information and Event Log. System Overview Display detailed information of System, Network, LAN and Wireless in the System Overview page. System : Display the information of the system. TEW-676APBO System Name : The name of the system. Operating Mode : The mode currently in service. Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system. Description : The reminding note of the system. Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed. Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed. Device Time : The current time of the system. System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot. Network Information : Display the information of the Network. Mode : Supports Static or Dynamic modes on the LAN interface. IP Address : The management IP of system. By default, its 192.168.2.254. IP Netmask : The network mask. By default, its 255.255.255.0. IP Gateway : The gateway IP address and by default, its 192.168.2.1. Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service. Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service.

LAN Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of LAN interface. MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port. Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port. Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port. Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface. AP MAC Address : The MAC address of the repeater AP. Station MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Client Station. Channel : The current channel on the Wireless port. AP Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Repeater AP. Station Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless Client Station. Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port. Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port.

DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients IP/MAC address via this field. IP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server. MAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices. Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire.

Associated Clients Status It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with Repeater AP. AP Information : Highlights key Repeater AP information. AP : Available Repeater AP. ESSID : Display name of ESSID for Repeater AP. MAC Address : Display MAC address for Repeater AP. Status : On/Off Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise. Clients : Display total number of wireless connections on Repeater AP. Repeater AP Clients : Display all associated clients. MAC Address : MAC address of associated clients Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients. Bandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients Idle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection. Connect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection. Disconnect : Click Delete button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Repeater AP.

Remote AP SSID, MAC address, antenna 0/1 received signal strength and channel bandwidth for associated AP are available. ESSID : Shows the current ESSID, which must be the same on the wireless client and AP in order for communication to be established. MAC Address : Display MAC address of associated AP. Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Shows the wireless signal strength of the connection between system and an access point. BandWidth : Shows the current channel bandwidth used for communication. It should be 20 or 40 If display No Connection AP! , you need check Wireless configuration. Things to verify are Channel and Security type. Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power.

Extra Information Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the drop-

down list from system. The Refresh button is used to retrieve latest table information. Route table information : Select Route table information on the drop-down list to display route table. TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesnt support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, its capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward. ARP table Information : Select ARP Table Information on the drop-down list to display ARP table. ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP address as final destination to switch packets to. Bridge table information : Select Bridge Table information on the drop-down list to display bridge table. Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge Port should be attached to some interfaces. (e.g. eth2, ra0 and apcli0). Bridge MAC information : Select Bridge MACs Information on the drop-down list to display MAC table. This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces.

Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued. Bridge STP Information : Select Bridge STP Information on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP information.

Event Log The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting tool when issues are experienced in system. Time : The date and time when the event occurred. Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such System or User Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as info, error, warning, etc. Message : Description of the event. Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record. Router AP Mode Configuration When Router AP mode is chosen, the system can be configured as a Router with Access Point and WDS function. This section provides detailed explanation for users to configure in the Router AP mode with help of illustrations. In the Router AP mode, functions listed in the table below are also available from the Web-based GUI interface. OPTION System Wireless Operating Mode General Setup Advance DMZ Utilities Status Profiles Settings System Overview Functions WAN LAN DDNS Management Time Server UPNP SNMP Advanced Setup IP Filter Firmware Upgrade Station Statistics Virtual AP Setup MAC Filter Network Utility WDS Setup Virtual Server Reboot Parental Control QoS Extra Info QoS Plot Event Log Table 8-1: Router AP Mode Functions

External Network Connection Network Requirement It can be used as an Router AP with WDS function. In this mode, TEW-676APBO is a gateway enabled with NAT and DHCP Server functions. The wireless clients connected to TEW-676APBO are in different subnet from those connected to Internet. Remote Bass Station 192.168.2.x WDS SSID: Main_AP Internet TEW-676APBO WAN 192.168.1.254 WLAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.10 Figure 8-1 Router AP mode network configuration

Configure WAN Setup There are three connection types for the WAN port : Static IP, Dynamic IP, PPPoE and PPTP. Please click on System -> WAN and follow the below setting. In Router AP mode, the WAN Port is the wired interface. Mode : By default, its Static IP. Check Static IP, Dynamic IP, PPPoE or PPTPto set up system WAN IP. Static IP : Users can manually setup the WAN IP address with a static IP provided by WISP. 9 IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port; default IP address is 192.168.1.254 9 IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the WAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0 9 IP Gateway : The default gateway of the WAN port; default Gateway is 192.168.1.1 Dynamic IP : Please consult with WISP for correct wireless settings to associate with WISP AP before a dynamic IP, along with related IP settings including DNS can be available from DHCP server. If IP Address is not assigned, please double check with your wireless settings and ensure successful association. Also, you may go to WAN Information in the Overview page to click Release button to release IP address and click Renew button to renew IP address again. 9 Hostname : The Hostname of the WAN port PPPoE : To create wireless PPPoE WAN connection to a PPPoE server in network.

9 User Name : Enter User Name for PPPoE connection 9 Password : Enter Password for PPPoE connection 9 Reconnect Mode :

x x Always on A connection to Internet is always maintained. On Demand A connection to Internet is made as needed. When Time Server is enabled at the On Demand mode, the Reconnect Mode will turn out Always on. x Manual Click the Connect button on WAN Information in the Overview page to connect to the Internet. 9 Idle Time : Time to last before disconnecting PPPoE session when it is idle. Enter preferred Idle Time in minutes. Default is 0, indicates disabled. When Idle time is disabled, the Reconnect Mode will turn out Always on 9 MTU : By default, its 1492 bytes. MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit. Consult with WISP for a correct MTU setting. PPTP : The Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) mode enables the implementation of secure multi-protocol Virtual Private Networks (VPNs) through public networks. 9 IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port 9 IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the WAN port 9 PPTP Server IP Address : The IP address of the PPTP server 9 User Name : Enter User Name for PPTP connection 9 Password : Enter Password for PPTP connection 9 Reconnect Mode :

x x Always on A connection to Internet is always maintained. On Demand A connection to Internet is made as needed.

When Time Server is enabled at the On Demand mode, the Reconnect Mode will turn out Always on. x Manual Click the Connect button on WAN Information in the Overview page to connect to the Internet. 9 Idle Time : Time to last before disconnecting PPPoE session when it is idle. Enter preferred Idle Time in minutes. Default is 0, indicates disabled. When Idle time is disabled, the Reconnect Mode will turn out Always on 9 MTU : By default, its 1460 bytes. MTU stands for Maximum Transmission Unit. Consult with WISP for a correct MTU setting. 9 MPPE Encryption : Microsoft Point-to-Point Encryption (MPPE) encrypts data in Point-to-Point Protocol(PPP)-based dial-up connections or Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) virtual private network (VPN) connections. 128-bit key (strong) and 40-bit key (standard) MPPE encryption schemes are supported. MPPE provides data security for the PPTP connection that is between the VPN client and the VPN server. DNS : Check No Default DNS Server or Specify DNS Server IP radial button as desired to set up system DNS. Primary : The IP address of the primary DNS server. Secondary : The IP address of the secondary DNS server. MAC Clone : The MAC address is a 12-digit HEX code uniquely assigned to hardware as identification. Some ISPs require you to register a MAC address in order to access to Internet. If not, you could use default MAC or clone MAC from a PC. Keep Default MAC Address : Keep the default MAC address of WAN port on the system. Clone MAC Address : If you want to clone the MAC address of the PC, then click the Clone MAC Address button. The system will automatically detect your PC's MAC address. The Clone MAC Address field will display MAC address of the PC connected to system. Click Save button can make clone MAC effective. Manual MAC Address : Enter the MAC address registered with your ISP. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Configure DDNS Setup Dynamic DNS allows you to map domain name to dynamic IP address. Please click on System -> DDNS Setup and follow the below setting. Enabled: By default, its Disable. The mapping domain name wont change when dynamic IP changes. The beauty of it is no need to remember the dynamic WAP IP while accessing to it. Service Provider: Select the preferred Service Provider from the drop-down list including dyndns, dhs, ods and tzo Hostname: Host Name that you register to Dynamic-DNS service and export. User Name & Password: User Name and Password are used to login DDNS service. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Configure LAN Setup Here are the instructions for how to setup the local IP Address and Netmask. Please click on System -> LAN and follow the below setting. LAN IP : The administrator can manually setup the LAN IP address. IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port; default IP address is 192.168.2.254 IP Netmask : The Subnet mask of the LAN port; default Netmask is 255.255.255.0 DHCP Setup : Devices connected to the system can obtain an IP address automatically when this service is enabled. DHCP : Check Enable button to activate this function or Disable to deactivate this service. Start IP / End IP: Specify the range of IP addresses to be used by the DHCP server when assigning IP address to clients. The default range IP address is 192.168.2.10 to 192.168.2.70, the netmask is 255.255.255.0 DNS1 IP : Enter IP address of the first DNS server; this field is required. DNS2 IP : Enter IP address of the second DNS server; this is optional. WINS IP : Enter IP address of the Windows Internet Name Service (WINS) server; this is optional. Domain : Enter the domain name for this network. Lease Time : The IP addresses given out by the DHCP server will only be valid for the duration specified by the lease time. Increasing the time ensure client operation without interruptions, but could introduce potential conflicts. Lowering the lease time will avoid potential address conflicts, but might cause more interruptions to the client while it will acquire new IP addresses from the DHCP server. Default is 86400 seconds Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Wireless LAN Network Creation The network manager can configure related wireless settings, General Settings, Advanced Settings, Virtual AP(VAP) Setting, Security Settings, and MAC Filter Settings. Wireless General Setup The administrator can change the data transmission, channel and output power settings for the system. Please click on Wireless -> General Setup and follow the below setting. MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless interface is displayed here. Band Mode : Select an appropriate wireless band; bands available are 801.11a or 802.11a/n mixed mode. AP Isolation : Select Enable, all clients will be isolated from each VAP, that means different VAP's clients can not reach to each other. Transmit Rate Control : Select the desired rate from the drop-down list; the options are auto or ranging from 6 to 54Mbps only for 802.11a mode. Country : Select the desired country code from the drop-down list; the options are US, ETSI, JP and NONE. Channel/Frequency : The channel range will be changed by selecting different country code. Below depicts the channel range for different Country. When Band Mode selected in 802.11a, the Channel 140 and 165 does not shown-up on list. Country US ETSI JP NONE Channel 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 149, 153, 157, 161, 165 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140 36, 40, 44, 48 36, 40, 44, 48, 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 132, 136, 140, 149, 153, 157, 161.165 Tx Power : You can adjust the output power of the system to get the appropriate coverage for your wireless network. Specify digit numbers between 1 to 100 (the unit is %) for your environment. If you are not sure which setting to choose, then keep the default setting, 100%. When Band Mode select in 802.11a only mode, the HT(High Throughput) settings should be hidden immediately.

HT TxStream/RxStream : By default, it's 2. Operating Mode : By default, it's Mixed Mode. Mixed Mode : In this mode packets are transmitted with a preamble compatible with the legacy 802.11a/g, the rest of the packet has a new format. In this mode the receiver shall be able to decode both the Mixed Mode packets and legacy packets. Green Field : In this mode high throughput packets are transmitted without a legacy compatible part. Channel Bandwidth : The "20/40 MHz option is usually best. The other option is available for special circumstances. Guard Interval : Using Auto option can increase throughput. However, it can also increase error rate in some installations, due to increased sensitivity to radio-frequency reflections. Select the option that works best for your installation. MCS : This parameter represents transmission rate. By default (Auto) the fastest possible transmission rate will be selected. You have the option of selecting the speed if necessary. (Refer to Appendix C. MCS Data Rate) Reverse Direction Grant(RDG) : Disable or enable reserve direction grant. Default is enabled. A-MSDU : Aggregated Mac Service Data Unit. Select Enable to allow aggregation for multiple MSDUs in one MPDU Default is disabled. Auto Block ACK : Disable or enable auto block ACK. Default is enabled. Decline BA Request : Disable or enable decline BA request. Default is disabled. Change these settings as described here and click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF general settings and will be applied to all VAPs and WDS Links.

Wireless Advanced Setup To achieve optimal wireless performance, it is necessary to tweak advance setting per requirements properly, not necessary higher the better or lower. The administrator can change the RTS threshold and fragmentation threshold settings for the system. Please click on Wireless -> Advanced Setup and follow the below setting. Short Slot : By default, its Enable for educing the slot time from the standard 20 microseconds to the 9 microsecond short slot time Slot time is the amount of time a device waits after a collision before retransmitting a packet. Reducing the slot time decreases the overall back-off, which increases throughput. Back-off, which is a multiple of the slot time, is the random length of time a station waits before sending a packet on the LAN. For a sender and receiver own right of the channel the shorter slot time help manage shorter wait time to re-transmit from collision because of hidden wireless clients or other causes. When collision sources can be removed sooner and other senders attempting to send are listening the channel(CSMA/CA) the owner of the channel should continue ownership and finish their transmission and release the channel. Then, following ownership of the channel will be sooner for the new pair due to shorter slot time. However, when long duration of existing collision sources and shorter slot time exist the owners might experience subsequent collisions. When adjustment to longer slot time cant improve performance then RTS/CTS could supplement and help improve performance. Extra Slot Time : Slot time is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 9 microsecond. When you enable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to 10, the actual Slot Time=9+10 us. When you disable Short Slot and set Extra Slot time to 10, the actual Slot Time=20+10 us.

ACK Timeout : ACK timeout is in the range of 1~255 and set in unit of microsecond. The default value is 32 microsecond. All data transmission in 802.11b/g request an Acknowledgement (ACK) send by receiving radio. The transmitter will resend the original packet if correspondent ACK failed to arrive within specific time interval, also refer to as ACK Timeout. ACK Timeout is adjustable due to the fact that distance between two radio links may vary in different deployment. ACK Timeout makes significant influence in performance of long distance radio link. If ACK Timeout is set too short, transmitter will start to Resend packet before ACK is received, and throughputs become low due to excessively high re-transmission. ACK Timeout is best determined by distance between the radios, data rate of average environment. The Timeout value is calculated based on round-trip time of packet with a little tolerance, So, if experiencing re-transmissions or poor performance the ACK Timeout could be made longer to accommodate. Slot Time and ACK Timeout settings are for long distance links. It is important to tweak settings to achieve the optimal result based on requirement. Beacon Interval : Beacon Interval is in the range of 20~1024 and set in unit of millisecond. The default value is 100 msec. Access Point (AP) in IEEE 802.11 will send out a special approximated 50-byte frame, called Beacon. Beacon is broadcast to all the stations, provides the basic information of AP such as SSID, channel, encryption keys, signal strength, time stamp, support data rate. All the radio stations received beacon recognizes the existence of such AP, and may proceed next actions if the information from AP matches the requirement. Beacon is sent on a periodic basis, the time interval can be adjusted. By increasing the beacon interval, you can reduce the number of beacons and associated overhead, but that will likely delay the association and roaming process because stations scanning for available access points may miss the beacons. You can decrease the beacon interval, which increases the rate of beacons. This will make the association and roaming process very responsive; however, the network will incur additional overhead and throughput will go down. DTIM Interval : The DTIM interval is in the range of 1~255. The default is 1. DTIM is defined as Delivery Traffic Indication Message. It is used to notify the wireless stations, which support power saving mode, when to wake up to receive multicast frame. DTIM is necessary and critical in wireless environment as a mechanism to fulfill power-saving synchronization. A DTIM interval is a count of the number of beacon frames that must occur before the access point sends the buffered multicast frames. For instance, if DTIM Interval is set to 3, then the Wi-Fi clients will expect to receive a multicast frame after receiving three Beacon frame. The higher DTIM interval will help power saving and possibly decrease wireless throughput in multicast applications.

Fragment Threshold : The Fragment Threshold is in the range of 256~2346 byte. The default is 2346 byte. Each Wi-Fi packet can be divided into smaller packets, marked with a sequential fragment number and re-assemble in the receiving ends. The purpose is to make a short frame, instead of long frame, transmitting by radio in a heavy noisy environment. Because of sending smaller frames, corruptions are much less likely to occur. The pros is obvious, the cons is the overhead for transmission. So, in a clean environment, higher fragment threshold can be an option to increase throughput. Fragmentation will be triggered by setting the Fragment Threshold, usually in Byte-length. Only when the frame size is over the Threshold, fragmentation will take place automatically. RTS Threshold : TRTS Threshold is in the range of 1~2347 byte. The default is 2347 byte. The main purpose of enabling RTS by changing RTS threshold is to reduce possible collisions due to hidden wireless clients. RTS in AP will be enabled automatically if the packet size is larger than the Threshold value. By default, RTS is disabled in a normal environment supports non-jumbo frames. Short Preamble : By default, its Enable. To Disable is to use Long 128-bit Preamble Synchronization field. The preamble is used to signal "here is a train of data coming" to the receiver. The short preamble provides 72-bit Synchronization field to improve WLAN transmission efficiency with less overhead. Tx Burst : By default, its Enable. To Disable is to deactivate Tx Burst. With TX burst enabled, AP will send many packets in a burst, without collision detection and RTS/CTS for each packet. TX Burst have better throughput but cause interference with other APs in channel. Pkt_Aggregate : By default, it's Enable Increase efficiency by aggregating multiple packets of application data into a single transmission frame. In this way, 802.11n networks can send multiple data packets with the fixed overhead cost of just a single frame. IEEE802.11H (DFS) : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is to use IEEE802.11H(DFS) With DFS(Dynamic Frequency Selection) enabled, radio is operating on one of the following channels, the wireless device uses DFS to monitor the operating frequency and switch to another frequency or reduce power as necessary:

DFS Channels 52, 56, 60, 64, 100, 104, 108, 112, 116, 120, 124, 128, 136, 140 The maximum legal transmit power is greater for some 5 GHz channels than for others. When the wireless device randomly selects a 5 GHz channel on which power is restricted, the wireless device automatically reduces transmit power to comply with power limits for that channel in that regulatory domain. The Channel 52-140 is DFS channel. If tuen on IEEE802.11H, AP Will have 60 sec to do channel available check, and will not send beacon and can not be connect. When TEW-

676APBO detect radar(5GHz) signal, the AP will switch channel and stop beacon trasmit between 15 sec. WMM : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is to use WMM and the WMM parameters should appears.

When you enable WMM, the Tx Burst will be Disabled automatically by system. WMM Parameters of Access Point : This affects traffic flowing from the access point to the client station Queue Data Transmitted AP to Clients Background. AC_BK Priority Description Low High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example). AC_BE AC_VI AC_VO Best Effort Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue Video Voice High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue High Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue Configuring QoS options consists of setting parameters on existing queues for different types of wireless traffic. You can configure different minimum and maximum wait times for the transmission of packets in each queue based on the requirements of the media being sent. Queues automatically provide minimum transmission delay for Voice, Video, multimedia, and mission critical applications, and rely on best-effort parameters for traditional IP data. As an Example, time-sensitive Voice & Video, and multimedia are given effectively higher priority for transmission

(lower wait times for channel access), while other applications and traditional IP data which are less time-

sensitive but often more data-intensive are expected to tolerate longer wait times.

9 Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames 9 CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is determined. 9 CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin". 9 Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (TXOP) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network. 9 ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the Client is in charge. 9 AckPolicy : Acknowledgment Policy, WMM defines two ACK policies: Normal ACK and No ACK. Click Checkbox indicates No ACK When the no acknowledgment (No ACK) policy is used, the recipient does not acknowledge received packets during wireless packet exchange. This policy is suitable in the environment where communication quality is fine and interference is weak. While the No ACK policy helps improve transmission efficiency, it can cause increased packet loss when communication quality deteriorates. This is because when this policy is used, a sender does not retransmit packets that have not been received by the recipient. When the Normal ACK policy is used, the recipient acknowledges each received unicast packet. WMM Parameters of Station : This affects traffic flowing from the client station to the access point. Queue Data Transmitted Clients to AP Background. AC_BK Priority Description Low High throughput. Bulk data that requires maximum throughput and is not time-

sensitive is sent to this queue (FTP data, for example). AC_BE AC_VI AC_VO Best Effort Medium Medium throughput and delay. Most traditional IP data is sent to this queue Video Voice High Minimum delay. Time-sensitive video data is automatically sent to this queue High Time-sensitive data like VoIP and streaming media are automatically sent to this queue 9 Aifsn : The Arbitration Inter-Frame Spacing Number specifies a wait time (in milliseconds) for data frames 9 CWmin : Minimum Contention Window. This parameter is input to the algorithm that determines the initial random backoff wait time ("window") for retry of a transmission. The value specified here in the Minimum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) of a range from which the initial random backoff wait time is determined.

9 CWmax : Maximum Contention Window. The value specified here in the Maximum Contention Window is the upper limit (in milliseconds) for the doubling of the random backoff value. This doubling continues until either the data frame is sent or the Maximum Contention Window size is reached. Once the Maximum Contention Window size is reached, retries will continue until a maximum number of retries allowed is reached. Valid values for the "cwmax" are 1, 3, 7, 15, 31, 63, 127, 255, 511, or 1024. The value for "cwmax"

must be higher than the value for "cwmin". 9 Txop : Transmission Opportunity is an interval of time when a WME AP has the right to initiate transmissions onto the wireless medium (WM). This value specifies (in milliseconds) the Transmission Opportunity (Txop) for AP; that is, the interval of time when the WMM AP has the right to initiate transmissions on the wireless network. 9 ACM : Admission Control Mandatory, ACM only takes effect on AC_VI and AC_VO. When you do not click Checkbox, it means that the ACM is controlled by the connecting AP. If you click Checkbox, it means that the Client is in charge. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. The items in this page are for AP's RF advanced settings and will be applied to all VAPs and WDS Links.

Create Virtual AP (VAP) The TEW-676APBO support broadcasting multiple SSIDs, allowing the creation of Virtual Access Points, partitioning a single physical access point into 7 logical access points, each of which can have a different set of security and network settings. Figure 8-2 shows multiple SSIDs with security type settings. Internet WEP NAT WPA-PSK/TKIP WPA2-PSK/AES TEW-676APBO WPA-Enterprise/TKIP WAN 192.168.1.254 WAN 192.168.2.254 Figure 8-2 Multiple SSIDs with different Security Type Virtual AP Overview The administrator can view all of the Virtual AP's settings via this page. Please click on Wireless -> Virtual AP Setup and the Virtual AP Overview Page appears. VAP : Indicate the system's Virtual AP. ESSID : Indicate the ESSID of the respective Virtual AP MAC Address : The MAC address of the VAP Interface is displayed here. When you enable AP and reboot system, the MAC address will display here. Status : Indicate the Status of the respective Virtual AP. The Primary AP always on. Security Type : Indicate an used security type of the respective Virtual AP. MAC Filter : Indicate an used MAC filter of the respective Virtual AP. Edit : Click Edit button to configure Virtual AP's settings, including security type and MAC Filter.

Virtual AP Setup For each Virtual AP, administrators can configure SSID, SSID broadcasting, Maximum number of client associations, security type settings. Click Edit button on the Edit column, and then a Virtual AP setup page appears. Enable AP : By default, its Disable for VAP1 ~ VAP6. The Primary AP always enabled. Select Enable to activate VAP or click Disable to deactivate this function ESSID : Extended Service Set ID, When clients are browsing for available wireless networks, this is the SSID that will appear in the list. ESSID will determine the service type available to AP's clients associated with the specified VAP. Client Isolation : Select Enable, all clients will be isolated from each other, that means all clients can not reach to other clients. Below Figures depict Client Isolation and AP Isolation Internet TEW-676APBO 192.168.2.254 VAP0 VAP1 VAP2 Cllent Isolation AP Isolation Hidden SSID : By default, its Disable. Enable this option to stop the SSID broadcast in your network. When disabled, people could easily obtain the SSID information with the site survey software and get access to the network if security is not turned on. When enabled, network security is enhanced. Its suggested to enable it after AP security settings are archived and setting of AP clients could make to associate to it. Maximum Clients : The default value is 32. You can enter the number of wireless clients that can associate to a particular SSID. When the number of client is set to 5, only 5 clients at most are allowed to connect to this VAP.

In this mode, the system does not support VLAN Tag(ID) function. Security Type : Select the desired security type from the drop-down list; the options are Disable, WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA-Enterprise, WPA2-Enterprise and WEP 802.1X. Disable : Data are unencrypted during transmission when this option is selected. WEP : Wired Equivalent Privacy(WEP) is a data encryption mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key. Authentication Method : Enable the desire option among OPEN, SHARED or WEPAUTO. Key Index : Key index is used to designate the WEP key during data transmission. 4 different WEP keys can be entered at the same time, but only one is chosen. WEP Key # : Enter HEX or ASCII format WEP key value; the system supports up to 4 sets of WEP keys. Key Length 64-bit 128-bit Hex 10 characters 26 characters ASCII 5 characters 13 characters WPA-PSK (or WPA2-PSK) : WPA (or WPA2) Algorithms, allows the system accessing the network by using the WPA-PSK protected access. 9 Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites 9 Pre-shared Key : Enter the pre-shared key; the format shall go with the selected key type. Pre-shared key can be entered with either a 256-bit secret in 64 HEX digits format, or 8 to 63 ASCII characters. 9 Group Key Update Period : By default, it is 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK, broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required.

WPA-Enterprise (or WPA2-Enterprise): The RADIUS authentication and encryption will be both enabled if this is selected. 9 WPA General Settings :

x x x x Cipher Suite : By default, it is AES. Select either AES or TKIP cipher suites Group Key Update Period : By default, its 3600 seconds. This time interval for rekeying GTK, broadcast/multicast encryption keys, in seconds. Entering the time-length is required. PMK Cache Period : By default, it's 10 minutes. Set WPA2 PMKID cache timeout period, after time out, the cached key will be deleted. Pre-Authentication : By default, it's Disable. To Enable is use to speed up roaming before pre-

authenticating IEEE 802.1X/EAP part of the full RSN authentication and key handshake before actually associating with a new AP. PMK Cache Period and Pre-Authentication is used in WPA2-Enterprise 9 Radius Server Settings :

x x x x IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server. Port : By default, its 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server. Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters. Session Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable re-authenticate service. Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate.

WEP 802.1X : When WEP 802.1x Authentication is enabled, please refer to the following Dynamic WEP and RADIUS settings to complete configuration. 9 Radius Server Settings :

x x x x IP Address : Enter the IP address of the Authentication RADIUS server. Port : By default, its 1812. The port number used to communicate with RADIUS server. Shared secret : A secret key used between system and RADIUS server. Supports 8 to 64 characters. Session Timeout : The Session timeout is in the range of 0~60 seconds. The default is 0 to disable re-authenticate service. Amount of time before a client will be required to re-authenticate. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Wireless MAC Filter Setup Continue Virtual AP Setup section. For each Virtual AP setting, the administrator can allow or reject clients to access each Virtual AP. MAC Filter Setup : By default, its Disable. Options are Disable, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC. Two ways to set MAC filter rules :

Only Allow List MAC. The wireless clients in the Enable list will be allowed to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the Disable list will be denied. Only Deny List MAC. The wireless clients in the Enable list will be denied to access the Access Point; All others or clients in the Disable list will be allowed. Add a station MAC : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click Add button, then the MAC address should display in the Enable List. There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this Enable List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added and removed to the list using the Add and Remove buttons. Click Reboot button to activate your changes MAC Access Control is the weakest security approach. WPA and WPA2 security method is highly recommended.

Wireless Network Expansion The administrator could create WDS Links to expand wireless network. When WDS is enabled, access point functions as a wireless bridge and is able to communicate with other access points via WDS links. A WDS link is bidirectional and both side must support WDS. Access points know each other by MAC Address. In other words, each access point needs to include MAC address of its peer. Ensure all access points are configured with the same channel and own same security type settings. Remote Bass Station 192.168.2.x WDS SSID: Main_AP Internet Please click on Wireless -> WDS Setup and follow the below setting. TEW-676APBO WAN 192.168.1.254 WLAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.10 Security Type : Option is Disable, WEP, TKIPor AES from drop-down list. Needs the same type to build WDS links. Security type takes effect when WDS is enabled. WEP Key : Enter 5 / 13 ASCII or 10 / 26 HEX format WEP key. TKIP Key : Enter 8 to 63 ASCII or 64 HEX format TKIP key. AES Key : Enter 8 to 63 ASCII or 64 HEX format AES key. WDS MAC List Enable : Click Enable to create WDS link. WDS Peer's MAC Address : Enter the MAC address of WDS peer. Description : Description of WDS link. The WDS link needs to be set at same Channel and with same Security Type. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

System Management Configure Management Administrator could specify geographical location of the system via instructions in this page. Administrator could also enter new Root and Admin passwords and allow multiple login methods. Please click System -> Management and follow the below settings. TEW-676APBO System Information System Name : Enter a desired name or use the default one. Description : Provide description of the system. Location : Enter geographical location information of the system. It helps administrator to locate the system easier. The system supports two management accounts, root and admin. The network manager is assigned with full administrative privileges, when logging in as root user, to manage the system in all aspects. While logging in as an admin user, only subset of privileges is granted such as basic maintenance. For example, root user can change passwords for both root and admin account, and admin user can only manage its own. For more information about covered privileges for these two accounts, please refer to Appendix D. Network manager Privileges. Root Password : Log in as a root user and is allowed to change its own, plus admin users password. New Password : Enter a new password if desired Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check. Admin Password : Log in as a admin user and is allowed to change its own, New Password : Enter a new password if desired Check New Password : Enter the same new password again to check. Admin Login Methods : Only root user can enable or disable system login methods and change services port.

Enable HTTP : Check to select HTTP Service. HTTP Port : The default is 80 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Enable HTTPS : Check to select HTTPS Service HTTPS Port : The default is 443 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. If you already have an SSL Certificate, please click UploadKey button to select the file and upload it. Enable Telnet : Check to select Telnet Service Telnet Port : The default is 23 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Enable SSH : Check to select SSH Service SSH Port : Please The default is 22 and the range is between 1 ~ 65535. Click GenerateKey button to generate RSA private key. The host key footprint gray blank will display content of RSA key. Ping Watchdog : The ping watchdog sets the WCB1200H2PX Device to continuously ping a user defined IP address (it can be the internet gateway for example). If it is unable to ping under the user defined constraints, the WCB1200H2PX device will automatically reboot. This option creates a kind of "fail-proof" mechanism. Ping Watchdog is dedicated for continuous monitoring of the particular connection to remote host using the Ping tool. The Ping works by sending ICMP echo request packets to the target host and listening for ICMP echo response replies. If the defined number of replies is not received, the tool reboots the device. Enable Ping Watchdog : control will enable Ping Watchdog Tool. IP Address To Ping : specify an IP address of the target host which will be monitored by Ping Watchdog Tool. Ping Interval : specify time interval (in seconds) between the ICMP echo requests are sent by the Ping Watchdog Tool. Default is 300 seconds. Startup Delay : specify initial time delay (in seconds) until first ICMP echo requests are sent by the Ping Watchdog Tool. The value of Startup Delay should be at least 60 seconds as the network interface and wireless connection initialization takes considerable amount of time if the device is rebooted. Default is 300 seconds. Failure Count To Reboot : specify the number of ICMP echo response replies. If the specified number of ICMP echo response packets is not received continuously, the Ping Watchdog Tool will reboot the device.

Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes Without a valid certificate, users may encounter the following problem in IE7 when they try to access system's WMI

(https://192.168.2.254). There will be a Certificate Error, because the browser treats system as an illegal website. Click Continue to this website to access the system's WMI. The system's Overview page will appear.

Configure System Time System time can be configured via this page, and manual setting or via a NTP server is supported. Please click on System -> Time Server and follow the below setting. Local Time : Display the current system time. NTP Client : To synchronize the system time with NTP server. Enable : Check to select NTP client. Default NTP Server : Select the NTP Server from the drop-down list. Time Zone : Select a desired time zone from the drop-down list. Daylight saving time : Enable or disable Daylight saving. If the system time from NTP server seems incorrect, please verify your network settings, like default Gateway and DNS settings Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Configure UPnP Universal Plug and Play(UPnP) is an architecture to enable pervasive peer-to-peer network connectivity between PCs, intelligent devices and appliances when UPnP is supported. UPnP works on TCP/IP network to enable UPnP devices to connect and access to each other, very well adopted in home networking environment. UPnP : By default, its Disable. Select Enable or Disable of UPnP Service. Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate changes For UPnP to work in Windows XP, the TEW-676APBO must be available in My Network Places, as shown here: (your specific model may vary) TEW-675APBO/TEW-676APBO If these devices are not available, you should verify that the correct components and services are loaded in Windows XP. Please refer to Appendix E. Using UPnP on Windows XP

Configure SNMP Setup SNMP is an application-layer protocol that provides a message format for communication between SNMP managers and agents. By enabling SNMP function, the administrator can obtain the system information remotely. Please click on System -> SNMP Setup and follow the below setting. SNMP v2c Enable: Check to enable SNMP v2c. ro community : Set a community string to authorize read-only access. rw community : Set a community string to authorize read/write access. SNMP v3 Enable: Check to enable SNMP v3. SNMPv3 supports the highest level SNMP security. SNMP ro user : Set a community string to authorize read-only access. SNMP ro password : Set a password to authorize read-only access. SNMP rw user : Set a community string to authorize read/write access. SNMP rw password : Set a password to authorize read/write access. SNMP Trap : Events such as cold start, interface up & down, and association & disassociation will report to an assigned server.

Community : Set a community string required by the remote host computer that will receive trap messages or notices send by the system. IP : Enter the IP addresses of the remote hosts to receive trap messages. Click Save button to save changes and click Reboot button to activate.

Backup / Restore and Reset to Factory Backup current configuration, restore prior configuration or reset back to factory default configuration can be executed via this page. Please click on Utilities -> Profile Setting and follow the below setting. Save Settings to PC : Click Save button to save the current configuration to a local disk. Load Settings from PC : Click Browse button to locate a configuration file to restore, and then click Upload button to upload. Reset To Factory Default : Click Default button to reset back to the factory default settings and expect Successful loading message. Then, click Reboot button to activate.

Firmware Upgrade Firmware is the main software image that system needs to respond to requests and to manage real time operations. Firmware upgrades are sometimes required to include new features or bugs fix. It takes around 2 minutes to upgrade due to complexity of firmware. To upgrade system firmware, click Browse button to locate the new firmware, and then click Upgrade button to upgrade. 1. To prevent data loss during firmware upgrade, please back up current settings before proceeding. 2. Do not interrupt during firmware upgrade including power on/off as this may damage system. 3. Never perform firmware upgrade over wireless connection or via remote access connection.

Network Utility The administrator can diagnose network connectivity via the PING and TRACEROUTE utility. Please click on Utilities -> Network Utility and follow the below setting Ping : This utility will help ping other devices on the network to verify connectivity. Ping utility, using ICMP packets, detects connectivity and latency between two network nodes. As result of that, packet loss and latency time are available in the Result field while running the PING test. Destination IP/Domain : Enter desired domain name, i.e. www.google.com, or IP address of the destination, and click ping button to proceed. The ping result will be shown in the Result field. Count : By default, its 5 and the range is from 1 to 50. It indicates number of connectivity test. Traceroute : Allows tracing the hops from the TEW-676APBO device to a selected outgoing IP address. It should be used for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network to the destination host. The test is started using the Start button, click Stop button to stopped test Destination Host : Specifies the Destination Host for the finding the route taken by ICMP packets across the network. MAX Hop : Specifies the maximum number of hops( max time-to-live value) traceroute will probe.

Reboot This function allows user to restart system with existing or most current settings when changes are made. Click Reboot button to proceed and take around three minutes to complete. A reminder will be available for remaining time to complete. If power cycle is necessary, please wait till completion of the reboot process. The System Overview page appears upon the completion of reboot. Access Control List IP Filter Setup Allows to create deny or allow rules to filter ingress or egress packets from specific source and/or to destination IP address on wired (LAN) or Wireless (WAN) ports. Filter rules could be used to filter unicast or multicast packets on different protocols as shown in the IP Filter Setup. Important to note that IP filter rules has precedence over Virtual server rules. Please click on Advance -> IP Filter Setup and follow the below setting. Source Address/Mask : Enter desired source IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.2.10/32.

Source Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80 Destination Address/Mask : Enter desired destination IP address and netmask; i.e. 192.168.1.10/32 Destination Port : Enter a port or a range of ports as start:end; i.e. port 20:80 In/Out : Applies to Ingress or egress packets Protocol : Supports TCP, UDP or ICMP. Listen : Click Yes radial button to match TCP packets only with the SYN flag. Active : Deny to drop and Pass to allow per filter rules Interface : The interface that a filter rule applies All packets are allowed by default. Deny rules could be added to the filter list to filter out unwanted packets and leave remaining allowed. Click Save button to add IP filter rule. Total of 20 rules maximum allowed in the IP Filter List. All rules can be edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. When you create rules in the IP Filter List, the prior rules maintain higher priority. To allow limited access from a subnet to a destination network manager needs to create allow rules first and followed by deny rules. So, if you just want one IP address to access the system via telnet from your subnet, not others, the Example 1 demonstrates it, not rules in the Example 2. Example 1 : Create a higher priority rule to allow IP address 192.168.2.2 Telnet access from LAN port first, and deny Telnet access from remaining IP addresses in the same subnet. Rule Source IP/Mask Port Destination IP/Mask 1 2 192.168.2.2/32 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.2.254/32 192.168.2.254/32 Port 22 22 In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side In In TCP TCP n n Pass Deny LAN LAN Example 2 : All Telnet access to the system from the IP addresses of subnet 192.168.2.x works with the rule 1 of Example 2. The rule 2 wont make any difference. Rule Source IP/Mask Port Destination IP/Mask 1 2 192.168.2.0/24 192.168.2.2/32 192.168.2.254/32 192.168.2.254/32 Port 22 22 In/Out Protocol Listen Action Side In In TCP TCP n n Deny pass LAN LAN

MAC Filter Setup Allows to create MAC filter rules to allow or deny unicast or multicast packets from limited number of MAC addresses. Important to note that MAC filter rules have precedence over IP Filter rules. Please click on Advance -> MAC Filter Setup and follow the below setting. MAC Filter Rule : By default, its Disable. Options are Disabled, Only Deny List MAC or Only Allow List MAC. Click Save button to save your change. Two ways to set the MAC Filter List:

Only Allow List MAC. The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be allowed to access to Access Point; All others will be denied. Only Deny List MAC. The wireless clients in the MAC Filter List will be denied to access to Access Point; All others will be allowed. MAC Address : Enter MAC address (e.g. aa:bb:cc:00:00:0a) and click Add button, then the MAC address should display in the MAC Filter List. There are a maximum of 20 clients allowed in this MAC Filter List. The MAC addresses of the wireless clients can be added and removed to the list using the Add and Delete buttons. Click Reboot button to activate your changes

Parental Control Setup Parental Control allows you to block or allow specific kinds of Internet usage and traffic, such as Internet access, designated services, and websites. Remote Bass Station Internet WDS 192.168.2.x NAT Facebook SSID: Main_AP TEW-676APBO WAN 192.168.1.254 MSN WLAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.x Please click on Advance -> Parental Control and follow the below setting. Rules : control can be managed by a rule. Use the settings on this screen to establish an access policy. Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes. MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click Add button to add in the MAC group of each rule. Click Remove button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule. There are 10 MAC address maximum allowed in each rule. Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. IP addresses

Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol(TCP, UDP, ICMP, URL Blocking and Application) from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Local(LAN)/ Destination Port can not used. If you want to block websites with specific URL address or using specific keywords, enter each URL or keyworks in the URL Blocking field and click Add button to add in the URL Blocking list of each rule. Click Remove button can remove URL or keywords. Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule Active : Check Enable button to activate this rule, and Disable to deactivate. Click Add button to add control rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this Control List. All rules can be removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

QoS Setup Quality of Service (QoS) refers to both a network's ability to deliver data with minimum delay, and the networking methods used to control the use of bandwidth. Without QoS, all traffic data is equally likely to be dropped when the network is congested. This can cause a reduction in network performance and make the network inadequate for time-

critical application such as video-on-demand. A classifier groups traffic into data flows according to specific criteria such as the source address, destination address, source port number, destination port number or incoming port number. For example, you can configure a classifier to select traffic from the same protocol port (such as FTP) to form a flow. Shaping 192.168.2.50 MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:01 Download: 1024K Upload: 256K Download: 512K Upload: 256K 192.168.2.51 MAC-00:0B:6B:AA:BB:02 TEW-676APBO WAN 192.168.1.254 NAT Download: 2048K Upload: 1024K LAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.x Remote Bass Station Down: 1024Kbps Up: 512Kbps WDS 192.168.2.x SSID: Main_AP Internet TEW-676APBO Down: 2048Kbps Up: 1024Kbps NAT Please click on Advance -> QoS and follow the below setting. WAN 192.168.1.254 WLAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.x

Rules : Use the rules to define the classifiers. After you define the rules, you can specify action to act upon the traffic that matches the rules Comment : Enter a descriptive name for this rule for identifying purposes. MAC Address : Enter MAC address in valid MAC address format(xx:xx:xx:xx:xx:xx) and click Add button to add in the MAC group of each rule. Click Remove button can remove MAC address in the group of each rule. There are 10 MAC address maximum allowed in each rule. Local / Destination IP : Specify local(LAN)/ destination IP addresses range required for this rule. If you specify local IP addresses range from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. The matches a range of local IP addresses include every single IP address from the first to the last, so the example above includes everything from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.2.254. DSCP Class : Differentiated services code point, DSCP. Select Any or specify classify traffic from drop-down list. The Per-Hop Behavior (PHB) is indicated by encoding a 6-bit valuecalled the Differentiated Services Code Point (DSCP)into the 8-bit Differentiated Services (DS) field of the IP packet header. Below depicts class for DSCP. 9 BE : Default PHB, which is typically best-effort traffic 9 EF : Expedited Forwarding PHB, dedicated to low-loss, low-latency traffic 9 AF : Assured Forwarding PHB, which gives assurance of delivery under conditions. The AF behavior group defines four separate AF classes. Within each class, packets are given a drop precedence (high, medium or low). The combination of classes and drop precedence yields twelve separate DSCP encodings from AF11 through AF43 (see table)

DROP Precedence Low Drop Medium Drop High Drop Class 1 Class 2 Class 3 Class 4 AF41 AF11 AF42 AF12 AF13 AF43 AF21 AF22 AF23 AF31 AF32 AF33 Protocol : Select Any or specify protocol from drop-down list. When you select ICMP or Layer 7 Application , the Source/ Destination Port can not used. Local Port : Specify local port(LAN port) range required for this rule Destination Port : Specify destination port range required for this rule Action : After configuring rule, a policy rule ensures that a traffic flow gets the requested treatment in the network. Remark DSCP : Specify a new DSCP class, if you want to replace or remark the DSCP Bandwidth : Click Enable to activate function, and click Disable to deactivate function Upload / Download : Specify the bandwidth in kilobit per second (Kbps). Enter a number between 8 to 8192, default upload is 128 Kbps, download is 1024 Kbps. Click Add button to add QoS rule to List. There are 10 rules maximum allowed in this QoS List. All rules can be removed or edited on the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. When you create rules on the QoS List, the previous rules have higher priority. Below depict the examples for explaining priority of QoS setup. Example 1 : On this setting, the FTP has 1024 Kbps upload and 8196 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10. The remaining IP address and other remaining protocol of IP address 192.168.2.10 only can use total bandwidth 512 Kbps bandwidth. Because rule 1's priority is higher than rule 2 Source IP 192.168.2.10 Rule 1 2 Destination IP DSCP Protocol Remark DSCP ANY ANY FTP ANY NO NO Bandwidth (Up/Down) 1024/8196 512/512 Example 2 : On this setting, the FTP has 512 Kbps upload and 512 Kbps download on 192.168.2.10 Because rule 1's priority is higher than rule 2 Rule Source IP Destination IP 1 2 192.168.2.10 DSCP Protocol Remark DSCP ANY ANY ANY FTP NO NO Bandwidth (Up/Down) 512/512 1024/8196

Resource Sharing DMZ DMZ is commonly work with the NAT functionality as an alternative of Virtual Server(Port Forwarding) while wanting all ports of DMZ host visible to Internet users. Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule. In order to use a range of ports available to access to different internal hosts Virtual Server rules are needed. Remote Bass Station WDS 192.168.2.x SSID: Main_AP 192.168.2.11 Internet TEW-676APBO WAN 192.168.1.254 WLAN 192.168.2.254 NAT DMZ 192.168.2.10 Please click on Advance -> DMZ and follow the below setting. DMZ : By default, its Disable. Check Enable radial button to enable DMZ. IP Address : Enter IP address of DMZ host and only one DMZ host is supported. Click Save button to save your changes. Click Reboot button to activate your changes.

Virtual Server (Port Forwarding) Virtual Server can also referred to as Port Forward as well and used interchangeably. Resources in the network can be exposed to the Internet users in a controlled manner including on-line gaming, video conferencing or others via Virtual Server setup. Dont repeat ports usage to avoid confusion. Suppose you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), and port 80 to another

(B in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet. Remote Bass Station WDS SSID: Main_AP 192.168.2.x B 192.168.2.11 Port: 80 A Internet Please click on Advance -> Virtual Server and follow the below setting. TEW-676APBO WAN 192.168.1.254 NAT WLAN 192.168.2.254 192.168.2.10 Port: 21-25 Virtual Server : By Default, Its Disable. Check Enable radial button to enable Virtual Server. Description : Enter appropriate message for resource sharing via Virtual Server. Private IP : Enter corresponding IP address of internal resource to share. Protocol Type : Select appropriate sessions, TCP or UDP, from shared host via multiple private ports. Private Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80 Public Port : A port or a range of ports may be specified as start:end; i.e. port 20:80

. The Private Port and Public Port can be different. However, total number of ports need to be the same. Example : Public Port is 11 to 20 and the Private Port can be a 10 ports range.

Click Add button to add Virtual Server rule to List. Total of maximum 20 rules are allowed in this List. All rules can be edited or removed from the List. Click Reboot button to activate your changes. While creating multiple Virtual Server rules, the prior rules have higher priority. The Virtual server rules have precedence over the DMZ one while both rules exist. Example 1 and 2 demonstrate proper usage of DMZ and Virtual Server rules. Example 1 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule all connections to TCP port 22 will be directed to TCP port 22 of 192.168.2.10 and remaining connections to port TCP 20~80 will be redirected to port TCP 20~80 of 192.168.2.11 DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12 Rule Protocol 1 2 TCP TCP Private IP 192.168.2.10 192.168.2.11 Private Port Public Port 22 20:80 22 20:80 Example 2 : All connections should be redirected to 192.168.2.12 while DMZ is enabled. Since Virtual Server rules have precedence over the DMZ rule all other connections to TCP port 20~80 will be redirected to port 20~80 of 192.168.2.11. The rule 2 wont take effect. DMZ Enabled : 192.168.2.12 Rule Protocol 1 2 TCP TCP Private IP 192.168.2.11 192.168.2.10 Private Port Public Port 20:80 22 20:80 22 System Status This section breaks down into subsections of System Overview, Associated Clients Status, WDS Link Status, Extra Information and Event Log. Overview Detailed information on System, WAN Information, LAN Information, Wireless Information and DHCP Server Status can be reviewed via this page. System : Display the information of the system.

/TEW-676APBO

System Name : The name of the system. Operating Mode : The mode currently in service. Location : The reminding note on the geographical location of the system. Description : The reminding note of the system. Firmware Version : The current firmware version installed. Firmware Date : The build time of the firmware installed. Device Time : The current time of the system. System Up Time : The time period that system has been in service since last reboot. WAN Information : Display the information of the WAN interface. The WAN port specified Dynamic IP, the Release and Renew button will be show-up, click Release button to release IP address of WAN port, Renew button to renew IP address through DHCP server.

The WAN port specified PPPoE or PPTP, and the Connect and DisConnect button will be show up. Click Connect button to assigned IP address from PPPoE or PPTP server, DisConnect button to release IP address of WAN port. Mode : Supports Static, Dynamic, PPPoE and PPTP modes. Reconnect Mode : The current reconnect mode of the PPPoE or PPTP. MAC Address : The MAC address of the WAN port. IP Address : The IP address of the WAN port. IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the WAN port. IP Gateway : The gateway IP address of the WAN port. Primary DNS : The primary DNS server in service. Secondary DNS : The secondary DNS server in service. Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the WAN port. Receive packets : The total received packets of the WAN port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the WAN port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the WAN port. LAN Information : Display total received and transmitted statistics on the LAN interface. MAC Address : The MAC address of the LAN port. IP Address : The IP address of the LAN port. IP Netmask : The IP netmask of the LAN port. Receive bytes : The total received packets in bytes on the LAN port. Receive packets : The total received packets of the LAN port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes of the LAN port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets of the LAN port.

Wireless Information : Display the detailed receive and transmit statistics of Wireless interface. MAC Address : The MAC address of the Wireless Port. Channel : The current channel on the Wireless port. Rate : The current Bit Rate on the Wireless port. Receive bytes :The total received packets in bytes on the Wireless port. Receive packets : The total received packets on the Wireless port. Transmit bytes : The total transmitted packets in bytes on the Wireless port. Transmit packets : The total transmitted packets on the Wireless port. DHCP Server Status : Users could retrieve DHCP server and DHCP clients IP/MAC address via this field. IP Address : IP addresses to LAN devices by DHCP server. MAC Address : MAC addresses of LAN devices. Expired In : Shows how long the leased IP address will expire. Associated Clients It displays ESSID, on/off Status, Security Type, total number of wireless clients associated with all Virtual AP.

VAP Information : Highlights key VAP information. VAP : Available VAP from Primary AP to VAP6. ESSID : Display name of ESSID for each VAP. MAC Address : Display MAC address for each VAP. Status : On/Off Security Type : Display chosen security type; WEP, WPA/WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-Enterprise. Clients : Display total number of wireless connections for each VAP. VAP Clients : Display all associated clients on each Virtual AP. MAC Address : MAC address of associated clients Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Signal Strength of from associated clients. Bandwidth : Channel bandwidth of from associated clients Idle Time : Last inactive time period in seconds for a wireless connection. Connect Time : Total connection time period in seconds for a wireless connection. Disconnect : Click Delete button to manually disconnect a wireless client in a Virtual AP. Show WDS Link Peers MAC Address, antenna 0/1 received signal strength, phy mode and channel bandwidth for each WDS are available. MAC Address : Display MAC address of WDS peer. Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1 : Indicate the signal strength of the respective WDS links. Phy Mode : Indicate the phy mode of the respective WDS linked.

BandWidth : Indicate the channel bandwidth of the respective WDS linked. MCS : Indicate the MCS of the respective WDS linked. SGI : Indicate the SGI (Short Guard Interval) of the respective WDS linked. 1 indicate the Short Guard Interval, 0 indicate the Long Guard Interval. If display no signal Signal Strength ANT0/ANT1, you need check WDS configuration. Things to verify are MAC Address, Channel and Security type. Also, adjust antenna angle and Tx Power. Extra Info Users could pull out information such as Route table, ARP table, MAC table, Bridge table or STP available in the drop-

down list from system. The Refresh button is used to retrieve latest table information. Netstat Information : Select NetStatus Information on the drop-down list, the connection track list should show-up, the list can be updated using the Refresh button. NetStatus will show all connection track on the system, the information include Protocol, Live Time, Status , Source/Destination IP address and Port. Route table information : Select Route table information on the drop-down list to display route table. TEW-676APBO could be used as a L2 or L3 device. It doesnt support dynamic routing protocols such as RIP or OSPF. Static routes to specific hosts, networks or default gateway are set up automatically according to the IP configuration of system's interfaces. When used as a L2 device, it could switch packets and, as L3 device, its capable of being a gateway to route packets inward and outward. ARP table Information : Select ARP Table Information on the drop-down list to display ARP table. ARP associates each IP address to a unique hardware address (MAC) of a device. It is important to have a unique IP address as final destination to switch packets to.

Bridge table information : Select Bridge Table information on the drop-down list to display bridge table. Bridge table will show Bridge ID and STP's Status on the each Ethernet bridge and its attached interfaces, the Bridge Port should be attached to some interfaces e.g. ra0 ~ra6 and wds0~wds3). information : Select Bridge MACs Information on the drop-down list to display MAC table. This table displays local MAC addresses associated with wired or wireless interfaces, but also remember non-local MAC addresses learned from wired or wireless interfaces. Ageing timers will be reset when existing MAC addresses in table are learned again or added when new MAC addresses are seen from wired or wireless interfaces as well. When time runs out for a particular entry, it will be pruned from the table. In that situation, switching packet to that particular MAC address will be discontinued. Bridge MAC Bridge STP Information : Select Bridge STP Information on the drop-down list to display a list of bridge STP information.

QoS Plot The QoS Plot show graphs which continuously represents the current data traffic on each QoS rule. The chart scale and throughput dimension (bps, Kbps, Mbps) changes dynamically according to the mean throughput value. The statistics is updated automatically every 5 seconds. The throughput statistics of QoS can be updated manually using the Refresh button. Event Log The Event log displays system events when system is up and running. Also, it becomes very useful as a troubleshooting tool when issues are experienced in system. Time : The date and time when the event occurred. Facility : It helps users to identify source of events such System or User Severity : Severity level that a specific event is associated such as info, error, warning, etc. Message : Description of the event. Click Refresh button to renew the log, or click Clear button to clear all the record.

Appendix Windows TCP/IP Settings Windows XP 1. Click Start -> Settings -> Control Panel, and then Control Panel window appears. Click on Network Connections, and then Network Connections window appears. 2. Click right on Local Area Connection

, and select Properties.

3. In Local Area Connection Properties window, select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and click on Properties button. 4. Select Use the following IP address, and type in IP address :

192.168.2.100 Subnet mask :

255.255.255.0

WEB GUI Valid Characters Table B WEB GUI Valid Characters Block LAN Field IP Address IP Netmask IP Gateway Primary DNS Secondary DNS Hostname WAN Manual MAC Address IP Address IP Netmask IP Gateway Hostname User name Password MTU Idle Time Primary DNS Secondary DNS Hostname User Name DDNS Valid Characters IP Format; 1-254 128.0.0.0 ~ 255.255.255.252 IP Format; 1-254 IP Format; 1-254 IP Format; 1-254 Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

12 HEX chars IP Format; 1-254 128.0.0.0 ~ 255.255.255.252 IP Format; 1-254 Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

576 ~ 1492 for PPPoE; 1400 ~ 1460 for PPTP 0 ~ 60 minutes IP Format; 1-254 IP Format; 1-254 Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

@ - _ . Length : 32

DHCP Server Password Start IP End IP DNS1 IP DNS2 IP WINS IP Domain 0-9, A-Z, a-z

IP Format; 1-254

IP Format; 1-254 IP Format; 1-254 IP Format; 1-254 IP Format; 1-254 Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

Lease Time 600 ~ 99999999 Table B WEB GUI Valid Characters (continued) Block Management Field System Name/ Location Description Password HTTP/ HTTPS Port Telnet/ SSH Port RO/RW community RO/RW user RO/RW password Community IP Tx Power Profile Name ESSID WEP Key Pre-shared Key Beacon Interval SNMP General Setup Wireless Profile Advanced Setup Valid Characters Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z Space

32 chars Length : 4 ~ 30 0-9, A-Z, a-z

1 ~ 65535 1 ~ 65535 Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

Length : 31 0-9, A-Z, a-z

Length : 8 ~ 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

Length : 32 0-9, A-Z, a-z

IP Format; 1-254 1-100 %

32 chars Length : 31 Space 0-9, A-Z, a-z

10, 26 HEX chars or 5, 13 ASCII chars 8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars 20 ~ 1024

Block Field Date Beacon Rate Fragment Threshold RTS Threshold Valid Characters 1 ~ 255 256 ~ 2346 1 ~ 2347 Table B WEB GUI Valid Characters (continued) Block Virtual AP Setup Field ESSID Maximum Clients VLAN ID WEP Key Valid Characters Length : 31 Space 0-9, A-Z, a-z

1 ~ 32 1 ~ 4094 10, 26 HEX chars or 5, 13 ASCII chars Group Key Update Period

>=60 seconds PMK Cache Period

> 0 minute Pre-Shared Key Radius Server IP Radius Port Shared Secret Session Timeout WEP Key TKIP Key AES Key Peer's MAC Address Description Source Address Source Mask Source Port Destination Address Destination Mask Destination Port MAC address Description Private IP Private/ Public Port IP Address Comment MAC Address WDS Setup IP Filter MAC Filter Virtual Server DMZ QoS/

Parental Control 8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars IP Format; 1-254 1 ~ 65535 8 ~ 64 characters

>= 60 seconds; 0 is disable 10, 26 HEX chars or 5, 13 ASCII chars 8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars 8 ~ 63 ASCII chars; 64 HEX chars 12 HEX chars 32 chars IP Format; 1-254 0 ~ 32 1 ~ 65535 IP Format; 1-254 0 ~ 32 1 ~ 65535 MAC Format; 12 HEX chars 32 chars IP Formate; 1-254 1 ~ 65535 IP Format; 1-254 32 chars MAC Format; 12 HEX chars Local/ Destination IP IP Formate; 1-254

Block Field Local/ Destination Port Upload & Download Valid Characters 1 ~ 65535 8 ~ 8192 digital number MCS Data Rate The table below shows the relationships between the variables that allow for the maximum data rate Table C MCS Data Rate MCS Index Modulation Channel Bandwidth = 20 Channel Bandwidth = 40 Long Guard Interval Short Guard Interval Long Guard Interval Short Guard Interval Data Rate (Mb/s) BPSK QPSK QPSK 16-QAM 16-QAM 64-QAM 64-QAM 64-QAM BPSK QPSK QPSK 16-QAM 16-QAM 64-QAM 64-QAM 64-QAM 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Note :

6.5 13.0 19.5 26.0 39.0 52.0 58.5 65.0 13.0 26.0 39.0 52.0 78.0 104.0 117.0 130.0 7.2 14.4 21.7 28.9 43.3 57.8 65.0 72.2 14.4 28.9 43.3 57.8 86.7 115.6 130.0 114.4 13.5 27.0 40.5 54.0 81.0 108.0 121.5 135.0 27.0 54.0 81.0 108.0 162.0 216.0 243.0 270.0 15.0 30.0 45.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 135.0 157.5 30.0 60.0 90.0 120.0 180.0 240.0 270.0 300.0 9 When MCS=32, only Short Guard Interval option is supported, Channel Bandwidth=20 is not supported. If Channel Bandwidth=40, the HT duplicate 6Mbps. 9 When MCS=0~7(One Tx Stream), Guard Interval and Channel Bandwidth are supported 9 When MCS=8~15(Two Tx Stream), Guard Interval and Channel Bandwidth are supported System Manager Privileges There are two system management accounts for maintaining the system; namely, the root and admin accounts are with different levels of privileges. The root manager account is empowered with full privilege to Read & Write while the admin manager account is Read only.

The following table display CPE admin accounts privileges. Main Menu Sub Menu Group Admin Privilege System Wireless Advance Administrator Operating Mode WAN LAN DDNS Time Server UPNP SNMP General Advanced Site Survey DMZ IP Filter MAC Filter Virtual Server Parental Control QoS Management Profile Settings System Upgrade Network Utility Reboot

System Information Root Password Admin Password Login Methods Ping Watchdog Backup Settings Restore Settings Reset to Default

Read Read Read & Write Read & Write Read & Write Read & Write Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read Read & Write Read Read Read & Write Read Read Read Read & Write Read & Write Enabling UPnP in Windows XP 1. Open the Add/Remove Programs control panel, and then click on Add/Remove Windows Components in the sidebar. Scroll down and find Networking Services, highlight it, and then click Details. 2. In the Networking Services window, ensure that the Internet Gateway Device and UPnP User Interface options are checked. If they are not, check it to enable them, as shown below, and click OK to continue.

3. Next, in the Control panel, open the Administrative Tools and then open Services. Scroll down until you find the SSDP Discovery Interface. If the Status is not Started, double-click on SSDP Discovery Interface to open the service properties. Change the startup type to Automatic, then close the properties. Now, right-click on SSDP Discovery Services, and choose Start from the pop-up menu. The SSDP Discovery Service will then be running and start each time you boot. 4. After enabling UPnP and starting the SSDP Discovery Service, it may take few minutes for the TEW-675APBO/

TEW-676APBO to be discovered and appear in your My Network Places.

Specification Hardware Standards LED Indicator Antenna PoE Dimension (L x W x H) Weight Power Consumption Management Wind Speed Support Waterproof Temperature Humidity Overload Current Protection Power Certifications Wireless Frequency Modes Virtual Access Points Associated Clients (max) Modulation Technique Data Rate (auto-fallback) Security Output Power Receiving Sensitivity Transmit Power :

Channels 5745~5825 GHz Wired: IEEE 802.3u (100Base-TX) Wireless: IEEE 802.11a/n (5 GHz) Power, LAN, WLAN (wireless activity) 14dBi patch antenna (polarization: V30q, H30q) 1 x 10/100Mbps RJ-45 PoE port, Passive only (non-802.3af compliant) 215 x 122 x 66 mm ( 8.5 x 4.8 x 2.6 in) 1 kg (2.2 lbs) 6 Watts (max.) Web browser (HTTP/HTTPS), SNMP (v2c and 3), Telnet, SSH 210 km/hr IP66/67 compliant Max. 95% (non-condensing) 1.1 A PoE power injector DC output: 48VDC, 0.4A CE, FCC 5.18 ~ 5.805 GHz Router, Access Point + WDS, WDS, CPE, Client Bridge +

Repeater, CPE + Access Point 7 224 (AP Mode), 32 (Repeater Mode) 802.11a: OFDM with BPSK, QPSK, QAM and 64QAM 802.11n: BPSK, QPSK, 16-QAM, 64-QAM 802.11a: up to 54Mbps 802.11a/n: up to 300Mbps 64/128/152-bit WEP, WPA /WPA2-PSK, WPA/WPA2-RADIUS for AP/CPE mode, WEP/WPA2-PSK for WDS mode MAC filter (20 entries) and IP filter (20 entries) Up to 26dBm (FCC), 6dBm (ETSI) 802.11a: -91dBm (typical) @ 29Mpbs 802.11a/n: -68dBm (typical) @ 300Mbps 12 channels (FCC), 19 channel (ETSI) IEEE 802.11a mode:20.31dBm IEEE 802.11n HT 20 MHz Channel mode:14.76dBm IEEE 802.11n HT 40 MHz Channel mode:16.26dBm 5180~5230 GHz IEEE 802.11a mode:2.50dBm IEEE 802.11n HT 20 MHz Channel mode:4.89dBm IEEE 802.11n HT 40 MHz Channel mode:4.94dBm

Limited Warranty TRENDnet warrants its products against defects in material and workmanship, under normal use and service, for the following lengths of time from the date of purchase. TEW-676APBO 3 Years Warranty AC/DC Power Adapter, Cooling Fan, and Power Supply carry 1 year warranty. If a product does not operate as warranted during the applicable warranty period, TRENDnet shall reserve the right, at its expense, to repair or replace the defective product or part and deliver an equivalent product or part to the customer. The repair/replacement units warranty continues from the original date of purchase. All products that are replaced become the property of TRENDnet. Replacement products may be new or reconditioned. TRENDnet does not issue refunds or credit. Please contact the point-of-purchase for their return policies. TRENDnet shall not be responsible for any software, firmware, information, or memory data of customer contained in, stored on, or integrated with any products returned to TRENDnet pursuant to any warranty. There are no user serviceable parts inside the product. Do not remove or attempt to service the product by any unauthorized service center. This warranty is voided if (i) the product has been modified or repaired by any unauthorized service center, (ii) the product was subject to accident, abuse, or improper use (iii) the product was subject to conditions more severe than those specified in the manual. Warranty service may be obtained by contacting TRENDnet within the applicable warranty period and providing a copy of the dated proof of the purchase. Upon proper submission of required documentation a Return Material Authorization (RMA) number will be issued. An RMA number is required in order to initiate warranty service support for all TRENDnet products. Products that are sent to TRENDnet for RMA service must have the RMA number marked on the outside of return packages and sent to TRENDnet prepaid, insured and packaged appropriately for safe shipment. Customers shipping from outside of the USA and Canada are responsible for return shipping fees. Customers shipping from outside of the USA are responsible for custom charges, including but not limited to, duty, tax, and other fees. WARRANTIES EXCLUSIVE: IF THE TRENDNET PRODUCT DOES NOT OPERATE AS WARRANTED ABOVE, THE CUSTOMERS SOLE REMEDY SHALL BE, AT TRENDNETS OPTION, REPAIR OR REPLACE. THE FOREGOING WARRANTIES AND REMEDIES ARE EXCLUSIVE AND ARE IN LIEU OF ALL OTHER WARRANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, EITHER IN FACT OR BY OPERATION OF LAW, STATUTORY OR OTHERWISE, INCLUDING WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. TRENDNET NEITHER ASSUMES NOR AUTHORIZES ANY OTHER PERSON TO ASSUME FOR IT ANY OTHER LIABILITY IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION MAINTENANCE OR USE OF TRENDNETS PRODUCTS. TRENDNET SHALL NOT BE LIABLE UNDER THIS WARRANTY IF ITS TESTING AND EXAMINATION DISCLOSE THAT THE ALLEGED DEFECT IN THE PRODUCT DOES NOT EXIST OR WAS CAUSED BY CUSTOMERS OR ANY THIRD PERSONS MISUSE, NEGLECT, IMPROPER INSTALLATION OR TESTING, UNAUTHORIZED ATTEMPTS TO REPAIR OR MODIFY, OR ANY OTHER CAUSE BEYOND THE RANGE OF THE INTENDED USE, OR BY ACCIDENT, FIRE, LIGHTNING, OR OTHER HAZARD.

LIMITATION OF LIABILITY: TO THE FULL EXTENT ALLOWED BY LAW TRENDNET ALSO EXCLUDES FOR ITSELF AND ITS SUPPLIERS ANY LIABILITY, WHETHER BASED IN CONTRACT OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE), FOR INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, OR PUNITIVE DAMAGES OF ANY KIND, OR FOR LOSS OF REVENUE OR PROFITS, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF INFORMATION OR DATE, OR OTHER FINANCIAL LOSS ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SALE, INSTALLATION, MAINTENANCE, USE, PERFORMANCE, FAILURE, OR INTERRUPTION OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES, AND LIMITS ITS LIABILITY TO REPAIR, REPLACEMENT, OR REFUND OF THE PURCHASE PRICE PAID, AT TRENDNETS OPTION. THIS DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY FOR DAMAGES WILL NOT BE AFFECTED IF ANY REMEDY PROVIDED HEREIN SHALL FAIL OF ITS ESSENTIAL PURPOSE. Governing Law: This Limited Warranty shall be governed by the laws of the state of California. Some TRENDnet products include software code written by third party developers. These codes are subject to the GNU General Public License ("GPL") or GNU Lesser General Public License ("LGPL"). Go to http://www.trendnet.com/gpl or http://www.trendnet.com Download section and look for the desired TRENDnet product to access to the GPL Code or LGPL Code. These codes are distributed WITHOUT WARRANTY and are subject to the copyrights of the developers. TRENDnet does not provide technical support for these codes. Please go to http://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl.txt or http://www.gnu.org/licenses/lgpl.txt for specific terms of each license. PWP05202009v2