FCC ID: NOOUNS-EGSM-2 900MHz EGSM In-Building Distributed Antenna System

 

InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of LGC Wireless. LGC Wireless reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to the specifications and materials contained herein, and shall not be responsible for any damages caused by reliance on the material as presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors. Your comments are welcome they help us improve our products and documentation. Please address your comments to LGC Wireless, Inc. corporate headquarters in San Jose, California:

Address Phone Fax 2540 Junction Avenue San Jose, California 95134-1902 USA Attn: Marketing Dept. 1-408-952-2400 1-408-952-2410 Help Hot Line 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

+1-408-952-2400 (International) Web Address http://www.lgcwireless.com e-mail info@lgcwireless.com service@lgcwireless.com Copyright 2002 by LGC Wireless, Inc. Printed in USA. All rights reserved. Trademarks All trademarks identified by or are trademarks or registered trademarks of LGC Wireless, Inc. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Limited Warranty Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes precedence over the following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty is limited, at Sellers option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an appropriate adjustment not to exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is notified in writing by Purchaser, within the one year warranty period, promptly upon discovery of defects, with a detailed description of such defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) from Seller, which RMA Seller agrees to provide Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the defective Goods are returned to Seller, transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d) Sellers examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not caused by negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, accident or unauthorized repair or alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchasers warranty made hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the option to repair any defective Goods at Purchasers facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have been repaired or replaced by seller will not thereby be extended. In addition, all sales will be subject to standard terms and conditions on the sales contract. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Table of Contents SECTION 1 General Information . 1-1

. 1-2

. 1-4

. 1-5

. 1-7

. 1-7 1.1 Purpose and Scope 1.2 Conventions in this Manual 1.3 Acronyms in this Manual 1.4 Standards Conformance 1.5 Related Publications SECTION 2 2.2.1 System Monitoring and Reporting 2.2.2 Using Alarm Contact Closures InterReach Unison Accel System Description . 2-1 2.1 System Hardware Description

. 2-3 2.2 System OA&M Capabilities Overview . 2-4

. 2-5

. 2-5

. 2-6

. 2-7

. 2-8

. 2-8

. 2-8

. 2-9

. 2-10 2.5.1 Physical Specifications 2.5.2 Environmental Specifications 2.5.3 Operating Frequencies 2.5.4 RF End-to-End Performance 2.3 System Connectivity 2.4 System Operation 2.5 System Specifications 3.1 Accel Hub Front Panel 3.1.1 RJ-45 Connectors 3.1.2 Communications RS-232 Serial Connector 3.1.3 Hub LED Indicators SECTION 3 Accel Hub . 3-1

. 3-2

. 3-3

. 3-3

. 3-4

. 3-6

. 3-7

. 3-8

. 3-9 3.3 Faults and Warnings 3.4 Accel Hub Specifications 3.2.1 Accel Hub Rear Panel Connectors 3.2 Accel Hub Rear Panel PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual i 4.1 Remote Access Unit Connectors SECTION 4 Unison Remote Access Unit . 4-1

. 4-3

. 4-3 4.1.1 SMA Connector

. 4-3 4.1.2 RJ-45 Connector

. 4-4 4.2 RAU LED Indicators

. 4-5 4.3 Faults and Warnings 4.4 Remote Access Unit Specifications

. 4-5 4.5 RAUs in a Dual Band System . 4-6 SECTION 5 Designing a Unison Accel Solution . 5-1 5.1 Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU . 5-3 5.2 Estimating RF Coverage

. 5-17

. 5-18 5.2.1 Path Loss Equation

. 5-19 5.2.2 Coverage Distance 5.2.3 Examples of Design Estimates

. 5-24

. 5-28

. 5-28

. 5-29

. 5-30 5.3.1 System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length 5.4 Link Budget Analysis 5.4.1 Elements of a Link Budget for Narrowband Standards 5.4.2 Narrowband Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell 5.3 System Gain Application 5.4.3 Elements of a Link Budget for CDMA Standards 5.4.4 Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell

. 5-32

. 5-34 Application 5.5 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station 5.4.5 Considerations for Re-Radiation (over-the-air) Systems

. 5-37

. 5-41

. 5-42

. 5-43

. 5-44 5.6 Designing for a Neutral Host System . 5-46 5.5.1 Attenuation 5.5.2 Uplink Attenuation SECTION 6 6.2 Safety Precautions 6.1.1 Component Location Requirements 6.1.2 Cable and Connector Requirements 6.1.3 Multiple Operator System Recommendations 6.1.4 Distance Requirements Installing Unison Accel . 6-1 6.1 Installation Requirements

. 6-1

. 6-1

. 6-1

. 6-2

. 6-2

. 6-3

. 6-3

. 6-3

. 6-4

. 6-4

. 6-5

. 6-7

. 6-7

. 6-8 6.3.1 Pre-Installation Inspection 6.3.2 Installation Checklist 6.3.3 Tools and Materials Required 6.3.4 Optional Accessories 6.2.1 Installation Guidelines 6.2.2 General Safety Precautions 6.4 Unison Accel Installation Procedures 6.3 Preparing for System Installation ii InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A

. 6-10 6.4.1 Installing an Accel Hub

. 6-15 6.4.2 Installing RAUs

. 6-17 6.4.3 Installing Dual Band RAU Configuration 6.4.4 Installing Cat-5 Extender

. 6-19 6.4.5 Configuring the System . 6-20 6.5 Interfacing an Accel Hub to a Base Station or a Roof-top 6.6.1 Alarm Source 6.6.2 Alarm Sense 6.6.3 Alarm Cables Antenna 6.5.1 Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs

. 6-21

. 6-25 6.6 Connecting Contact Alarms to an Accel System . 6-29

. 6-30

. 6-33

. 6-34

. 6-36 6.7.1 Direct Connection . 6-36

. 6-37 6.7.2 Modem Connection

. 6-38 6.7.3 232 Port Expander Connection 6.7.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection

. 6-39

. 6-40 6.7.5 Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub Connection 6.7 Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options SECTION 7 Replacing Unison Accel Components in an Operational System . 7-1 7.1 Replacing an RAU . 7-1 7.2 Replacing an Accel Hub

. 7-3 SECTION 8 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical 8.3.1 Troubleshooting using AdminManager 8.3.2 Troubleshooting using LEDs Assistance . 8-1

. 8-1 8.1 Service

. 8-1 8.2 Maintenance 8.3 Troubleshooting

. 8-2

. 8-3

. 8-10

. 8-13

. 8-15

. A-1

. A-2

. A-3

. A-4

. A-5

. C-1

. C-3

. D-1 8.4 Troublshooting Cat-5/6 8.5 Technical Assistance A.1 Cat-5/6 Cable (ScTP) A.2 Coaxial Cable A.3 Standard Modem Cable A.4 DB-9 to DB-9 Null Modem Cable A.5 DB-25 to DB-9 Null Modem Cable C.1 Unison System Approval Status C.2 Human Exposure to RF D.1 Unison Accel Release 5 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual iii iv InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A List of Figures

. 2-3 Figure 2-1 Unison Accel System Hardware

. 2-4 Figure 2-2 Three Methods for OA&M Communications Figure 2-3 Unison Accels Architecture

. 2-6 Figure 3-1 Accel Hub in a Unison System . 3-1 Figure 3-2 Accel Hub Block Diagram . 3-1 Figure 3-3 Accel Hub Front Panel

. 3-2 Figure 3-4 Accel Hub Rear Panel

. 3-6 Figure 4-1 Remote Access Unit in a Unison Accel System . 4-1 Figure 4-2 Remote Access Unit Block Diagram . 4-2 Figure 5-1 Determining Path Loss between the Antenna and the Wireless Device 5-17

. 5-43 Figure 5-2 Connecting Main Hubs to a Simplex Base Station Figure 5-3 Main Hub to Duplex Base Station or Repeater Connections

. 5-44

. 6-17 Figure 6-1 Dual Band RAU Configuration Figure 6-2 Simplex Base Station to an Accel Hub

. 6-21

. 6-22 Figure 6-3 Duplex Base Station to an Accel Hub

. 6-23 Figure 6-4 Connecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base Stations Figure 6-5 Connecting Two Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station

. 6-26 Figure 6-6 Connecting Two Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base Station

. 6-28 Figure 6-7 Connecting MetroReach to Unison Accel

. 6-30

. 6-31 Figure 6-8 Using a BTS to Monitor Unison Accel Figure 6-9 Using a BTS and AdminManager to Monitor Unison Accel

. 6-32

. 6-33 Figure 6-10 Connecting LGCell to Unison Accel

. 6-34 Figure 6-11 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Figure 6-12 Alarm Sense Adapter Cable

. 6-35

. 6-36 Figure 6-13 OA&M Direct Connection

. 6-37 Figure 6-14 OA&M Modem Connection Figure 6-15 OA&M Connection using a 232 Port Expander

. 6-38

. 6-39 Figure 6-16 OA&M Connection using a POTS Line Sharing Switch PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual v

. 6-39 Figure 6-17 Cascading Line Sharing Switches

. 6-40 Figure 6-18 OA&M Connection using Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub

. A-2 Figure A-1 Wiring Map for Cat-5/6 Cable Figure A-2 Standard Modem Cable Pinout

. A-3 Figure A-3 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Diagram . A-4 Figure A-4 DB-25 Male to DB-9 Female Null Modem Modem Cable Diagram . A-5 vi InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A List of Tables System Monitoring and Reporting Cellular RF End-to-End Performance iDEN RF End-to-End Performance GSM/EGSM RF End-to-End Performance DCS RF End-to-End Performance PCS RF End-to-End Performance UMTS RF End-to-End Performance Accel Hub Status LED States Accel Hub Port LED States Accel Hub Specifications Frequency Bands covered by Unison RAUs Remote Access Unit LED States Remote Access Unit Specifications 800 MHz (AMPS) Power per Carrier 800 MHz (TDMA) Power per Carrier 800 MHz (CDMA) Power per Carrier 800 MHz iDEN/SMR Power per Carrier 900 MHz (GSM or EGSM) Power per Carrier 900 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier 1800 MHz (DCS) Power per Carrier 1800 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier 1900 MHz (TDMA) Power per Carrier 1900 MHz (GSM) Power per Carrier 1900 MHz (CDMA) Power per Carrier 1900 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier 2.1 GHz (UMTS) Power per Carrier

. 2-5 Table 2-1

. 2-10 Table 2-2

. 2-10 Table 2-3

. 2-10 Table 2-4

. 2-11 Table 2-5

. 2-11 Table 2-6

. 2-11 Table 2-7

. 3-4 Table 3-1

. 3-5 Table 3-2

. 3-9 Table 3-3

. 4-3 Table 4-1

. 4-4 Table 4-2

. 4-5 Table 4-3

. 5-4 Table 5-1

. 5-5 Table 5-2

. 5-6 Table 5-3

. 5-6 Table 5-4

. 5-7 Table 5-5

. 5-8 Table 5-6

. 5-9 Table 5-7

. 5-10 Table 5-8

. 5-11 Table 5-9

. 5-12 Table 5-10

. 5-12 Table 5-11

. 5-13 Table 5-12 Table 5-13

. 5-13 Table 5-14 Paging/SMR Power per Carrier: Analog FM, CQPSK, C4FM . 5-14

. 5-14 Table 5-15 Paging/SMR Power per Carrier: Mobitex, POCSAG/Reflex PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual vii 800 MHz Cellular/1900 MHz PCS Power per Carrier Table 5-16 Table 5-17 Coaxial Cable Losses Table 5-18 Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials Table 5-19 Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments Table 5-20 Frequency Bands and the Value of the first Term in Equation (3) Table 5-21 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna

. 5-15

. 5-17

. 5-18

. 5-19

. 5-20 for 800 MHz Cellular Applications

. 5-21 Table 5-22 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 800 MHz iDEN Applications

. 5-21 Table 5-23 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 900 MHz GSM Applications

. 5-21 Table 5-24 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 900 MHz EGSM Applications

. 5-22 Table 5-25 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1800 MHz DCS Applications

. 5-22 Table 5-26 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Applications

. 5-22 Table 5-27 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1900 MHz PCS Applications

. 5-23 Table 5-28 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 2.1 GHz UMTS Applications Table 5-29 System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length Table 5-30 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems Table 5-31 Distribution of Power within a CDMA Signal Table 5-32 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA Table 1 Table 6-1 Table 6-2 Table 6-3 Table 6-4 Table 6-5 Table 6-6 Table 8-1 Table 8-2 Table 8-3 Table 8-4 Table 8-5 Table 8-6 Table 8-7 Table 8-8 Unison Capacity: Equal Coverage Areas Distance Requirements Installation Checklist Tools and Materials Required for Component Installation Optional Accessories for Component Installation Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Installation Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During Installation Faults Reported by the Accel Hub Remote Access Unit Faults Accel Hub Warnings Remote Access Unit Warnings Accel Hub Status Messages Remote Access Unit Status Messages Troubleshooting Accel Hub Port LEDs During Normal Operation Troubleshooting Accel Hub Status LEDs During Normal Operation

. 5-23

. 5-28

. 5-30

. 5-34

. 5-35

. 5-49

. 6-2

. 6-5

. 6-7

. 6-7

. 6-14

. 6-16

. 8-3

. 8-6

. 8-7

. 8-7

. 8-8

. 8-9

. 8-11 8-12 viii InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Summary of Cat-5/6 Cable Wiring Problems Cat-5/6 Twisted Pair Assignment Table 8-9 Table A-1 Table A-2 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Pinout Table A-3 DB-25 Male to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Pinout Table D-1 Unison Accel Release 5 Line-up

. 8-13

. A-1

. A-4

. A-5

. D-1 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual ix x InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 1 General Information This section contains the following subsections:

Section 1.1 Purpose and Scope . 1-2

Section 1.2 Conventions in this Manual . 1-4

Section 1.3 Acronyms in this Manual . 1-5

Section 1.4 Standards Conformance . 1-7

Section 1.5 Related Publications . 1-7 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 1-1 1.1 Purpose and Scope This document describes the InterReach Unison Accel system.

Section 2 InterReach Unison Accel System Description An overview of the Unison Accel hardware and OA&M capabilities is provided in this section. This section also contains system specifications and RF end-to-end performance tables.

Section 3 Accel Hub The Main Hub is illustrated and described in this section. Connector and LED descriptions, communication cable (serial and null modem) pin outs, and unit spec-

ifications are included.

Section 4 Unison Remote Access Unit The Remote Access Unit is illustrated and described in this section. Connector and LED descriptions, and unit specifications are included.

Section 5 Designing a Unison Accel Solution This section provides tools to aid you in designing your Unison system, including tables of the maximum output power per carrier at the RAU and formulas and tables for calculating path loss, coverage distance, and link budget.

Section 6 Installing Unison Accel Installation procedures, requirements, safety precautions, and checklists are pro-

vided in this section. The installation procedures include guidelines for trouble-

shooting using the LEDs as you install the units.

Section 7 Replacing Unison Accel Components in an Operational System This section provides installation procedures and considerations when you are replacing a Unison component in an operating system.

Section 8 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical Assistance Contact information and troubleshooting tables are provided in this section.

Appendix A Cables and Connectors Connector and cable descriptions and requirements are provided in this section. Additionally, cable pin outs and diagrams are given. 1-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A

Appendix B InterReach Unison Accel Property Sheet This section contains a form that you can use during installation to record serial numbers, gain settings, system band, RAU attenuation, and unit installation loca-

tion. This information is required for the final As-Built documentation.

Appendix C Compliance Safety and Radio/EMC approvals are listed in this section.

Appendix D Release Notes A hardware/firmware/software compatibility table is provided in this section.

Appendix E Glossary The Glossary provides definitions of commonly-used RF and wireless networking terms. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 1-3 1.2 Conventions in this Manual The following table lists the type style conventions used in this manual. Convention bold BOLD CAPS SMALL CAPS Description Used for emphasis Labels on equipment AdminManager window buttons Measurements are listed first in metric units, followed by U.S. Customary System of units in parentheses. For example:

0 to 45C (32 to 113F) The following symbols are used to highlight certain information as described. NOTE: This format is used to emphasize text with special significance or importance, and to provide supplemental information. CAUTION: This format is used when a given action or omitted action can cause or contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to the equipment can occur. WARNING: This format is used when a given action or omitted action can result in catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to the user. Procedure This format is used to highlight a procedure. 1-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 1.3 Acronyms in this Manual Acronym AGC ALC AMPS BTS Cat-5/6 CDMA CDPD DAS dB dBm DC DCS DL EDGE EGSM GHz GPRS GSM Hz IF iDEN LAN LO mA MBS MH MHz MTBF NF nm OA&M PCS Definition automatic gain control automatic level control Advanced Mobile Phone Service base transceiver station Category 5 or Category 6 (twisted pair cable) code division multiple access cellular digital packet data distributed antenna system decibel decibels relative to 1 milliwatt direct current Digital Communications System downlink Enhanced Data Rates for Global Evolution Extended Global Standard for Mobile Communications gigahertz General Packet Radio Service Groupe Speciale Mobile (now translated in English as Global Standard for Mobile Communications) hertz intermediate frequency Integrated Digital Enhanced Network (Motorola variant of TDMA wireless) local area network local oscillator milliamps microcellular base station Main Hub megahertz mean time between failures noise figure nanometer operation, administration, and maintenance Personal Communication Services PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 1-5 Acronym PLL PLS RAU RF RSSI SMA ScTP TDMA UL uW UMTS UPS W WCDMA Definition phase-locked loop path loss slope Remote Access Unit radio frequency received signal strength indicator sub-miniature A connector (coaxial cable connector type) screened twisted pair time division multiple access uplink; Underwriters Laboratories microwatts Universal Mobile Telecommunications System uninterruptable power supply watt wideband code division multiple access 1-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 1.4 Standards Conformance

Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation.

See Appendix C for compliance information. 1.5 Related Publications

AdminManager User Manual, LGC Wireless part number 8810-10 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 1-7 1-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 2 InterReach Unison Accel System Description InterReach Unison Accel is a wireless networking system that is designed to handle both wireless voice and data communications over licensed frequencies. It provide high-quality, ubiquitous, seamless access to the wireless network in smaller build-

ings, including:

Office buildings

Hospitals Accel provides the same RF characteristics as InterReach Unison, which is designed for large public and private facilities such as campus environments, airports, shop-

ping malls, subways, convention centers, sports venues, etc. Accel uses microproces-

sors to enable key capabilities such as software-selectable band settings, automatic gain control, ability to incrementally adjust downlink/uplink gain, end-to-end alarm-

ing of all components and the associated cable infrastructure, and a host of additional capabilities. The Accel system supports major wireless standards and air interface protocols in use around the world, including:

Frequencies: 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, 1900 MHz, 2100 MHz

Voice Protocols: AMPS, TDMA, CDMA, GSM/EGSM, iDEN,

Data Protocols: CDPD, EDGE, GPRS, WCDMA, CDMA2000, 1xRTT, and Paging PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 2-1 Key System Features

Superior RF performance, particularly in the areas of IP3 and noise figure.

High downlink composite power and low uplink noise figure enables support of a large number of channels and larger coverage footprint per antenna.

Software configurable Hub. Thus, the frequency band can be configured in the field.

Standard Cat-5 or Cat-6 (Cat-5/6) screened twisted pair (ScTP) cabling. The Cat-5/6 ScTP cable run can be up to 100 meters recommended maximum (150 meters with RF performance degradation).

Flexible RF configuration capabilities, including:

System gain:

Ability to manually set gain in 1 dB steps, from 0 to 15 dB, on both down-

link and uplink.

RAU:

RAU uplink and downlink gain can be independently attenuated 10 dB. Uplink level control protects the system from input overload and can be optimized for either a single operator or multiple operators/protocols. VSWR check on RAU reports if there is a disconnected antenna (all RAUs except UMTS).

Firmware Updates are downloaded (either locally or remotely) to operating sys-

tems when any modifications are made to the product, including the addition of new software capabilities/services.

Extensive OA&M capabilities, including fault isolation to the field replaceable unit, automatic reporting of all fault and warning conditions, and user-friendly graphical-user interface OA&M software package. 2-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 2.1 System Hardware Description The InterReach Unison Accel system consists of two modular components:

19" rack-mountable Hub (connects to up to 8 Remote Access Units)

Converts RF signals to electrical on the downlink; electrical to RF on the uplink

Microprocessor controlled (for alarms, monitoring, and control)

Software configurable band

Simplex interface to RF source

Periodically polls all downstream RAUs for system status, and automatically reports any fault or warning conditions

Supplies DC power to RAU

Remote Access Unit (RAU)

Converts electrical signals to RF on the downlink; RF to electrical on the uplink

Microprocessor controlled (for alarms, monitoring, and control)

Protocol/band specific units The minimum configuration of a Unison Accel system is one Hub and one RAU

(1-1). The maximum configuration of a system is one Hub and 8 RAUs (1-8). Multi-

ple systems can be combined to provide larger configurations. Figure 2-1 Unison Accel System Hardware PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-3 2.2 System OA&M Capabilities Overview InterReach Unison Accel is microprocessor controlled and contains firmware which enables much of the operations, administration, and maintenance (OA&M) functionality. Complete alarming, down to the field replaceable unit (i.e., Hub and Remote Access Unit) and the cabling infrastructure, is available. All events occurring in a system, defined as an Accel Hub and all of its associated Remote Access Units, are automati-

cally reported to the Hub. The Hub monitors system status and communicates that status using the following methods:

Normally closed (NC) alarm contact closures can be tied to standard NC alarm monitoring systems or directly to a base station for alarm monitoring.

The Hubs front panel serial port connects directly to a PC (for local access) or to a modem (for remote access). Figure 2-2 Three Methods for OA&M Communications Use AdminManager to configure or monitor a local Accel system. Remotely, AdminManager can only check system status, it cannot receive modem calls. PC/Laptop running AdminManager RS-232 2 RS-232 Ethernet TCP/IP Modem ENET/232 Converter 1 RS-232 RJ-45 RAU Accel Hub 3 RS-232 Accel Hub Accel Hub PSTN Modem Accel Hub AdminManager OA&M software runs on a PC/laptop and communicates with one Accel Hub, and its downstream RAUs, at a time.

Connected directly to the Hubs front panel RS-232 connector, you can access the Installation Wizard which lets you configure a newly installed system, or you can access the Configuration & Maintenance panel which lets you query system status, configure a newly added or swapped unit, or change system parameters.

Connected remotely using a modem, AdminManager initiates communications with the Hub. You can access a read-only Configuration & Maintenance panel which lets you query system status to help you determine if an on-site visit is required. Refer to the AdminManager User Manual (PN 8810-10) for information about installing and using the AdminManager software. 2-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 2.2.1 System Monitoring and Reporting Each Accel Hub in the system constantly monitors itself and its downstream RAUs for internal fault and warning conditions. The results of this monitoring are stored in memory and compared against new results. When a Hub detects a change in status, a fault or warning is reported. Faults are indi-

cated locally by red status LEDs, and both faults and warnings are reported to the Hub and displayed on a PC/laptop, via the Hubs serial port, that is running the AdminManager software. Passive antennas that are connected to the RAUs are not monitored automatically. Perform the System Test in order to retrieve status informa-

tion about antennas. Using AdminManager, you can install a new system or new components, change sys-

tem parameters, and query system status. The following figure illustrates how the sys-

tem reports its status to AdminManager. Table 2-1 System Monitoring and Reporting PC/Laptop running AdminManager Accel Hub Use AdminManager to communi-

cate with one or more remotely or locally installed systems. If a fault or warning condition is reported, the AdminManager graphi-

cal user interface indicates the prob-

lem. AdminManager can also send an e-mail and/or page notification to designated recipients. The Hub queries status of each RAU and compares it to previously stored status.

If a fault is detected, LEDs on the front panel turn red.

If a fault or warning condi-

tion is detected in any unit, the Hub initiates a call to AdminManager. RAU RAU Each RAU passes its status to the Hub.

If a fault is detected, the ALARM LED is red. If no fault is detected, the LED is green.

If a fault or warning condition is detected, the information is passed to the Hub. 2.2.2 Using Alarm Contact Closures The DB-9 female connector on the rear panel of the Accel Hub can be connected to a local base station or to a daisy-chained series of Unison, LGCell, and/or MetroReach Focus systems.

When you connect MetroReach Focus or a BTS to Accel, the Accel Hub is the out-

put of the alarms (alarm source) and MetroReach Focus or the BTS is the input

(alarm sense). This is described in Section 6.6.1 on page 6-30.

When you connect LGCell to Accel, the Accel Hub is the input of the alarms

(alarm sense) and LGCell is the output (alarm source). This is described in Section 6.6.2 on page 6-33. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-5 2.3 System Connectivity The system uses standard Cat-5/6 ScTP. This makes any system expansion, such as adding an extra antenna for additional coverage, as easy as pulling a twisted pair cable. Figure 2-3 Unison Accels Architecture InterReach Unison Accel Cat-5/6 RAU Cat-5/6 RAU Cat-5/6 RAU up to 8 RAUs per Hub 2-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 2.4 System Operation

Downlink (Base Station to Wireless Devices) The Accel Hub receives downlink RF signals from a base station via coaxial cable. Accel Hub The Hub converts the RF signals to IF signals and sends them to RAUs (up to 8) via Cat-5/6 ScTP cable.

Uplink (Wireless Devices to Base Station) Accel Hub The Accel Hub sends uplink RF signals to a base station via coaxial cable. The Hub receives the IF signals from the RAUs (up to 8) via Cat-5/6 ScTP cable and converts to RF signals. RAU The RAU converts the IF signals to RF and sends them to passive antennas via coaxial cable. RAU The RAU receives uplink RF signals from the passive antenna via coaxial cable and converts them to IF signals. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-7 2.5 System Specifications 2.5.1 Physical Specifications Parameter RF Connectors Unison Accel Hub 8 shielded RJ-45, female (Cat-5/6) External Alarm Connector

(contact closure) Serial Interface Connector LED Alarm and Status Indicators AC Power (Volts) DC Power (Volts) Power Consumption (W) Enclosure Dimensions*

(height width depth) Weight 1 9-pin D-sub, female 1 RS-232 9-pin D-sub, male Unit Status (1 pair):

Power

Status RAU/Link Status

(1 pair per RJ-45 port):

Link

RAU Rating: 115/230V, 5.5/3A, 5060 Hz Operating Range: 90132V/170250V auto-ranging, 4.62.3A/3.61.6A, 4763 Hz 4 RAUs: 150 typ/178 max 4 RAUs & 4 Extenders: 167 typ/202 max 8 RAUs: 200 typ/242 max 8 RAUs & 8 Extenders: 234 typ/290 max 133.5 mm 438 mm 305 mm

(5.25 in. 17.25 in. 12 in.)

< 8 kg (< 17.5 lb) Remote Access Unit 1 shielded RJ-45, female (Cat-5/6) 1 SMA, male (coaxial) Unit Status (1 pair):

Link

Alarm 36V (from the Hub) 16 max (from the Hub) 44 mm 305 mm 158 mm

(1.7 in. 12 in. 6.2 in.)

< 1 kg (< 2 lb)

*Excluding angle-brackets for 19'' rack mounting of hub. Note: Unison Accel Hub typical power consumption assumes that the Cat-5/6 cable length is no more than 100 meters without a Cat-5 Extender and no more than 170 meters with a Cat-5 Extender. 2.5.2 Environmental Specifications Parameter Operating Temperature Non-operating Temperature Operating Humidity; non-condensing Unison Accel Hub 0 to +45C (+32 to +113F) 20 to +85C (4 to +185F) 5% to 95%

RAU 25 to +45C (13 to +113F) 25 to +85C (13 to +185F) 5% to 95%

2-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 2.5.3 Operating Frequencies Freq. Band PCS PCS PCS DCS DCS DCS Cellular iDEN GSM/EGSM UMTS UMTS UMTS Unison Band PCS6 PCS7 PCS8 DCS1 DCS2 DCS4 CELL iDEN GSM/EGSM UMTS1 UMTS2 UMTS3 Description Bands A,D,B

(35 MHz) Bands D,B,E,F

(30 MHz) Bands E,F,C

(25 MHz) DCS1 Band DCS2 Band DCS4 Band RF Passband (MHz) Downlink 19301965 Uplink 18501885 19451975 18651895 19651990 18851910 18051842.5 1842.51880 18151850 869894 851869 925960 21102145 21252160 21352170 17101747.5 1747.51785 17201755 824849 806824 880915 19201955 19351970 19451980 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-9 2.5.4 RF End-to-End Performance The following tables list the RF end-to-end performance of each protocol. NOTE: The system gain is adjustable in 1 dB steps from 0 to 15 dB, and the gain of each RAU can be attenuated 10 dB in one step. Cellular 800 MHz Table 2-2 Cellular RF End-to-End Performance Parameter Average gain with 75 m Cat-5 at 25C (77F) (dB) Ripple with 75 m Cat-5 (dB) Output IP3 (dBm) Input IP3 (dBm) Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) iDEN 800 MHz Table 2-3 iDEN RF End-to-End Performance Parameter Average gain with 75 m Cat-5/6 at 25C (77F) (dB) Ripple with 75 m Cat-5/6 (dB) Output IP3 (dBm) Input IP3 (dBm) Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) GSM/EGSM 900 MHz Table 2-4 GSM/EGSM RF End-to-End Performance Parameter Average Downlink gain with 75 m Cat-5/6 at 25C (77F) (dB) Ripple with 75 m Cat-5/6 (dB) Output IP3 (dBm) Input IP3 (dBm) Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) Typical Downlink Uplink 15 3 40 27 15 3.5 7 15 Typical Downlink Uplink 15 2 38 26 15 3 7 17 Typical Downlink Uplink 15 3 38 26 15 4 7 16 2-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A DCS 1800 MHz Table 2-5 DCS RF End-to-End Performance Parameter Average gain with 75 m Cat-5/6 at 25C (77F) (dB) Downlink ripple with 75 m Cat-5/6 (dB) Uplink ripple for center 35 MHz of DCS1 and DCS2, Full band for DCS4 with 75 m Cat-5/6 (dB) Uplink gain roll off for Full band of DCS1 and DCS2 with 75 m Cat-5/6 (dB) Output IP3 (dBm) Input IP3 (dBm) Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) PCS 1900 MHz Table 2-6 PCS RF End-to-End Performance Typical Downlink Uplink 15 2 38 26 15 2 2 12 17 Parameter Average gain with 75 m Cat-5 at 25C (77F) (dB) Ripple with 75 m Cat-5 (dB) Output IP3 (dBm) Input IP3 (dBm) Output 1 dB Compression Point (dBm) Noise Figure 1 Hub-8 RAUs (dB) UMTS 2.1 GHz Table 2-7 UMTS RF End-to-End Performance Parameter Average Gain w/75 meters Cat-5/6 @ 25C (dB) Ripple w/75 meters Cat-5/6 (dB) Noise Figure: 1 Accel Hub and 8 RAUs (dB) Spurious Output Levels (dBm) UMTS TDD Band Spurious Output Level 19001920 MHz, 20102025 MHz (dBm/MHz) Waveform Quality (at maximum power) () Output IP3 (dBm) Input IP3 (dBm) Output P1dB (dBm) Typical Downlink Uplink 15 2.5 38 26 15 3 12 16 Typical Downlink Uplink 15 2.5

<30

<52

> 0.97 37 26 15 4 16

> 0.97 12 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 2-11 2-12 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 3 Accel Hub The Accel Hub distributes downlink RF signals from a base station, repeater, or MetroReach Focus system to up to eight Remote Access Units. The Hub also com-

bines uplink signals from the RAUs. Figure 3-1 Accel Hub in a Unison System Downlink Path: The Accel Hub receives downlink RF signals from a base station, repeater, or MetroReach Focus system via coaxial cable. It converts the signals to IF and sends them to up to eight RAUs via Cat-5/6 cable. The Hub also sends OA&M communication to the RAUs via the Cat-5/6 cable. Downlink to Main Hub Uplink from Main Hub Accel Hub RAU Uplink Path: The Accel Hub receives uplink IF signals from up to eight RAUs via Cat-5/6 cable. It converts the signals to RF and sends them to a base station, repeater, or MetroReach Focus system via coaxial cable. The Hub also receives status information from the RAUs via the Cat-5/6 cable. Figure 3-2 gives a detailed view of the major RF and functional blocks of the Accel Hub. Figure 3-2 Accel Hub Block Diagram Dave: Please provide

(see RAU for example) PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 3-1 3.1 Accel Hub Front Panel Figure 3-3 Accel Hub Front Panel 1 2 3 PORT 1 PORT 2 LINK RAU LINK RAU 2 LINK RAU PORT 3 PORT 4 PORT 5 PORT 6 PORT 7 PORT 8 LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU POWER STATUS RS-232 4 InterReach Unison Accel POWER 5 1. Eight standard Cat-5/6 ScTP cable RJ-45 connectors (labeled PORT 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8) 2. Eight sets of RJ-45 port LEDs (one set per port)

One LED per port for link status (labeled LINK)

One LED per port for downstream unit status (labeled RAU) 3. One set of unit status LEDs

One LED for unit power status (labeled POWER)

One LED for unit status (labeled MAIN HUB STATUS) 4. One 9-pin D-sub male connector for system communication and diagnostics using a PC/laptop or modem (labeled RS-232) 5. Power switch. 3-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 3.1.1 RJ-45 Connectors The eight RJ-45 connectors on the Hub are for the Cat-5/6 ScTP cables that are used to transmit and receive signals to and from RAUs. Use shielded RJ-45 connectors on the Cat-5/6 cable. NOTE: For system performance, it is important that you use only Cat-5/6 ScTP

(screened twisted pair) cable with shielded RJ-45 connectors. The Cat-5/6 cable also delivers DC electrical power to the RAUs. The Hubs DC voltage output is 36V DC nominal. A current limiting circuit is used to protect the Hub if any port draws excessive power. 3.1.2 Communications RS-232 Serial Connector Remote Monitoring Use a standard serial cable to connect a modem to the 9-pin D-sub male serial con-

nector for remote monitoring or configuring. The cable typically has a DB-9 female and a DB-25 male connector. See Appendix A.3 on page A-3 for the cable pinout. Local Monitoring Use a null modem cable to connect a laptop or PC to the 9-pin D-sub male serial con-

nector for local monitoring or configuring. The cable typically has a DB-9 female connector on both ends. See Appendix A.4 on page A-4 for the cable pinout. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-3 3.1.3 Hub LED Indicators The units front panel LEDs indicate faults and commanded or fault lockouts. The LEDs do not indicate warnings or whether the system test has been performed. Only use the LEDs to provide basic information or as a backup when you are not using AdminManager. Upon power up, the Hub goes through a five-second test to check the LED lamps. During this time, the LEDs blink through the states shown in Table 3-1, letting you visually verify that the LED lamps and the firmware are functioning properly. The Hub will automatically send the program band command to all connected RAUs. A mismatched band will cause an error message to be displayed in AdminManager and the RAU will have a fault con-

dition. NOTE: Refer to Section 8 for troubleshooting using the LEDs. Status LEDs The Hub status LEDs can be in one of the states shown in Table 3-1. These LEDs can be:

steady green steady red blinking green/red (alternating green/red) There is no off state when the units power is on. Table 3-1 Accel Hub Status LED States POWER STATUS POWER STATUS POWER STATUS LED State Green Green Green Red Green Alternating Green/Red Indicates

Hub is connected to power

Hub is not reporting a fault; but the system test may need to be per-

formed or a warning could exist (use AdminManager to determine)

Hub is connected to power

Hub is reporting a fault or lockout condition

Hub is connected to power

Hub input signal level too high 3-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Port LEDs The Hub has one pair of port LEDs for each of the eight RJ-45 ports. The port LEDs can be in one of the states shown in Table 3-2. These LEDs can be:

off steady green steady red Table 3-2 Accel Hub Port LED States LED State Off Off Green Green Red Off Green Red LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU Indicates

RAU is not connected

RAU is connected

No faults from RAU

Loss of communications to RAU

RAU is connected

RAU is reporting a fault or lockout condition PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-5 3.2 Accel Hub Rear Panel Figure 3-4 Accel Hub Rear Panel 1 2 3 4 1. AC power cord connector 2. Three air exhaust vents 3. Two N-type, female connectors:

Downlink (labeled DOWNLINK)

Uplink (labeled UPLINK) 4. One 9-pin D-sub female connector for contact closure monitoring (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1) Are the back panel items labeled?

3-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 3.2.1 Accel Hub Rear Panel Connectors 3.2.1.1 9-pin D-sub Connector The 9-pin D-sub connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1) provides contact closure for major and minor error system alarm monitoring. The following table lists the function of each pin on the 9-pin D-sub connector. Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Function Alarm Input Ground Reserved Reserved Warning Contact (positive connection) Warning Contact (negative connection) DC Ground (common) Fault Contact (positive connection) Alarm Input Fault Contact (negative connection) This interface can either generate contact alarms or sense a single external alarm con-

tact. 3.2.1.2 N-type Female Connectors There are two N-type female connectors on the rear panel of the Hub:

The DOWNLINK connector receives downlink RF signals from a repeater, local base station, or MetroReach Focus system.

The UPLINK connector transmits uplink RF signals to a repeater, local base sta-

tion, or MetroReach Focus system. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-7 3.3 Faults and Warnings The Accel Hub monitors and reports changes in system performance to:

Ensure that its amplifiers and IF/RF path are functioning properly.

Ensure that Remote Access Units are connected and functioning properly. The Accel Hub periodically queries attached Remote Access Units for their status. Both faults and warnings are reported to a connected PC/laptop that is running the AdminManager software. Only faults are indicated by LEDs. For more information, see:

page 8-3 for Hub faults.

page 8-7 for Hub warnings.

page 8-8 for Hub status messages.

page 8-11 for troubleshooting Hub LEDs. 3-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 3.4 Accel Hub Specifications Table 3-3 Accel Hub Specifications Specification Enclosure Dimensions (H W D):

Weight Operating Temperature Non-operating Temperature Operating Humidity, non-condensing External Alarm Connector

(contact closure) Serial Interface Connector RF Connectors LED Fault and Status Indicators AC Power Power Consumption (W) MTBF Description 133.5 mm 438 mm 305 mm (5.25 in. 17.25 in. 12 in.)

< 8 kg (< 17.5 lb) 0 to +45C (+32 to +113F) 20 to +85C (4 to +185F) 5% to 95%

1 9-pin D-sub, female Maximum: 40 mA @ 40V DC Typical: 4 mA @ 12V DC 1 RS-232 9-pin D-sub, male 8 shielded RJ-45, female (Cat-5/6) Unit Status (1 pair):

Power

Main Hub Status Downstream Unit/Link Status (1 pair per Cat-5/6 port):

Link

RAU Rating: 115/230V, 5.5/3A, 5060 Hz Operating Range: 90132V/170250V auto-ranging, 4.62.3A/3.61.6A, 4763 Hz 4 RAUs: 150 typ/178 max 4 RAUs & 4 Extenders: 167 typ/202 max 8 RAUs: 200 typ/242 max 8 RAUs & 8 Extenders: 234 typ/290 max 78,998 hours PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 3-9 3-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 4 Unison Remote Access Unit The Remote Access Unit (RAU) is an active transceiver that connects to an Accel Hub using industry-standard Cat-5/6 screened twisted pair (ScTP) cable, which deliv-

ers RF signals, configuration information, and electrical power to the RAU. An RAU passes RF signals between an Accel Hub and an attached passive antenna where the signals are transmitted to wireless devices. Figure 4-1 Remote Access Unit in a Unison Accel System Downlink Path: The RAU receives downlink IF signals from an Accel Hub via Cat-5/6 cable. It converts the signals to RF and sends them to a passive RF antenna via coaxial cable. Also, the RAU receives configuration information from the Accel Hub via the Cat-5/6 cable. Unison Accel Hub Downlink to RAU RAU Downlink to antenna Uplink from RAU Uplink from antenna Uplink Path: The RAU receives uplink RF signals from a passive RF antenna via coaxial cable. It converts the signals to IF and sends them to an Accel Hub via Cat-5/6 cable. Also, the RAU sends its status information to the Accel Hub via the Cat-5/6 cable. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 4-1 Figure 4-2 Remote Access Unit Block Diagram 4-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A The Unison RAUs are manufactured to a specific band or set of bands (i.e., there is one PCS RAU which can be used for A/D, B/E, E/F, B/D, or F/C). Table 4-1 lists the six Unison RAUs, the Unison Band, and the frequency band(s) they cover. Table 4-1 Frequency Bands covered by Unison RAUs Unison RAU Cellular DCS GSM iDEN PCS UMTS Unison Band Cellular DCS1 DCS2 DCS3 DCS4 GSM EGSM iDEN Bands A,D,B Bands D,B,E,F Bands E,F,C UMTS 1 UMTS 2 UMTS 3 RF Passband Downlink (MHz) 869894 18051842.5 1842.51880 18401875 18151850 925960 935960 851869 19301965 19451975 19651990 21102145 21252160 21352170 Uplink (MHz) 824849 17101747.5 1747.51785 17451780 17201755 880915 890915 806824 18501885 18651895 18851910 19451975 19651990 19451980 4.1 Remote Access Unit Connectors 4.1.1 4.1.2 SMA Connector The RAU has one female SMA connector. The connector is a duplexed RF input/out-

put port that connects to a standard passive antenna using coaxial cable. RJ-45 Connector The RAU has one RJ-45 connector that connects it to an Accel Hub using Cat-5/6 ScTP cable. Use shielded RJ-45 connectors on the Cat-5/6 cable. NOTE: For system performance, it is important that you use only Cat-5/6 ScTP cable with shielded RJ-45 connectors. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 4-3 4.2 RAU LED Indicators Upon power up, the RAU goes through a two-second test to check the LED lamps. During this time, the LEDs blink green/green red/red, letting you visually verify that the LED lamps and the firmware are functioning properly. NOTE: Refer to Section 8 for troubleshooting using the LEDs. Status LEDs The RAU status LEDs can be in one of the states shown in Table 4-2. These LEDs can be:

off steady green steady red There is no off state when the units power is on. Table 4-2 Remote Access Unit LED States Indicates

RAU is not receiving DC power

RAU is powered and is not indicating a fault condition. Communication with Accel Hub is normal; but the system test may need to be performed or a warning condition could exist

(use AdminManager to determine)

RAU is indicating a fault or lockout condition, but communication with the Accel Hub is normal

RAU is reporting a fault or lockout condition, and it is not able to communicate with the Accel Hub LINK ALARM LINK ALARM LINK ALARM LINK ALARM LED State Off Off Green Green Green Red Red Red 4-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 4.3 Faults and Warnings Both fault and warning conditions are reported to the Accel Hub where they are stored. Only faults are indicated by LEDs. For more information, see:

page 8-6 for RAU faults.

page 8-7 for RAU warnings.

page 8-9 for RAU status messages. 4.4 Remote Access Unit Specifications Table 4-3 Remote Access Unit Specifications Specification Dimensions (H W D) Weight Operating Temperature Non-operating Temperature Operating Humidity, non-condensing RF Connectors LED Alarm and Status Indicators Maximum Heat Dissipation (W) MTBF Description 44 mm 305 mm 158 mm (1.7 in. 12 in. 6.2 in.)

< 1 kg (< 2 lb) 25 to +45C (13 to +113F) 25 to +85C (13 to +185F) 5% to 95%

1 shielded RJ-45, female (Cat-5/6)a 1 SMA, male (coaxial) Unit Status (1 pair): Link Alarm 16 max (from the Hub) 282,207 hours a. For system performance, it is important that you use only Cat-5/6 ScTP cable with shielded RJ-45 connectors. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 4-5 4.5 RAUs in a Dual Band System A Dual-Band Diplexer can be used to combine the output from two RAUs, one that is below 1 GHz and one that is above 1 GHz, for output to a single passive antenna.. 3 ft. coaxial cable Unison RAU Cat-5/6 from Accel Hub Antenna Dual Band Diplexer 3 ft. coaxial cable Unison RAU Cat-5/6 from Accel Hub Refer to the Dual Band Diplexer specifications (PN 8000-54) for technical informa-

tion. 4-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 5 Designing a Unison Accel Solution Designing a Unison Accel solution is ultimately a matter of determining coverage and capacity needs. This requires the following steps:

1. Determine the wireless service providers requirements. This information is usually determined by the service provider:

Frequency (i.e., 850 MHz)

Band (i.e., A band in the Cellular spectrum)

Protocol (i.e., TDMA, CDMA, GSM, iDEN)

Peak capacity requirement (this, and whether or not the building will be split into sectors, determines the number of carriers that the system will have to transmit)

Design goal (RSSI, received signal strength at the wireless handset, i.e., 85 dBm) The design goal is always a stronger signal than the cell phone needs. It includes inherent factors which will affect performance (see Section 5.4.1 on page 5-30).

RF source (base station or BDA), type of equipment if possible 2. Determine the power per carrier and input power from the base station or BDA into the Main Hub: Section 5.1, Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU, on page 5-3. The maximum power per carrier is a function of the number of RF carriers, the carrier headroom requirement, signal quality issues, regulatory emissions require-

ments, and Unisons RF performance. Typically, the power per carrier decreases as the number of carriers increases. 3. Determine the in-building environment: Section 5.2, Estimating RF Cover-

age, on page 5-17.

Determine which areas of the building require coverage (entire building, public areas, parking levels, etc.) PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 5-1

Obtain floor plans to determine floor space of building and the wall layout of the proposed areas to be covered. Floor plans will also be useful when you are selecting antenna locations. If possible, determine the buildings construction materials (sheetrock, metal, concrete, etc.)

Determine type of environment Open layout (e.g., a convention center) Dense, close walls (e.g., a hospital) Mixed use (e.g., an office building with hard wall offices and cubicles) 4. Develop an RF link budget: Section 5.4, Link Budget Analysis, on page 5-29. Knowing the power per carrier, you can calculate an RF link budget which is used to predict how much propagation loss can be allowed in the system, while still providing satisfactory performance throughout the area being covered. The link budget is a methodical way to derive a design goal. If the design goal is pro-

vided in advance, the link budget is simply: allowable RF loss = maximum power per carrier design goal. 5. Determine the appropriate estimated path loss slope that corresponds to the type of building and its layout, and estimate the coverage distance for each RAU: Section 5.2, Estimating RF Coverage, on page 5-17. The path loss slope (PLS), which gives a value to the RF propagation characteris-

tics within the building, is used to convert the RF link budget into an estimate of the coverage distance per antenna. This will help establish the Unison equipment quantities you will need. The actual path loss slope that corresponds to the spe-

cific RF environment inside the building can also be determined empirically by performing an RF site-survey of the building. This involves transmitting a cali-

brated tone for a fixed antenna and making measurements with a mobile antenna throughout the area surrounding the transmitter. 6. Determine the items required to connect to the base station: Section 5.5, Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station, on page 5-42. Once you know the quantities of Unison equipment you will use, you can deter-

mine the accessories (combiners/dividers, surge suppressors, repeaters, attenua-

tors, circulators, etc.) that are required to connect the system to the base station. The individual elements that must be considered in designing a Unison solution are discussed in the following sections. 5-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.1 Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU The following tables show the recommended maximum power per carrier out of the RAU SMA connector for different frequencies, formats, and numbers of carriers. These limits are dictated by RF signal quality and regulatory emissions issues. The maximum input power to the Main Hub is determined by subtracting the system gain from the maximum output power of the RAU. System gain is software selectable from 0 dB to 15 dB in 1 dB steps. Additionally, both the uplink and downlink of each RAU gain can be reduced by 10 dB. When you connect a Main Hub to a base station or repeater, the RF power per carrier usually needs to be attenuated in order to avoid exceeding Unisons maximum output power recommendations. Refer to Section 5.6, Designing for a Neutral Host System, on page 5-46 when combining frequencies or protocols on a single Main Hub. WARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power could cause per-

manent damage to the Main Hub. Do not exceed the maximum com-

posite input power of 1W (+30 dBm) to the Main Hub at any time. NOTE: These specifications are for downlink power at the RAU output (excluding antenna). PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-3 800 MHz AMPS Table 5-1 800 MHz (AMPS) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 30 27.0 21.0 17.5 14.5 13.0 11.5 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.0 3.0 27.0 21.0 17.5 14.5 13.0 11.5 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.0 3.0 5-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 800 MHz TDMA Table 5-2 800 MHz (TDMA) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 30 24.0 19.0 16.0 14.0 12.5 11.5 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 5.5 3.5 24.0 19.0 16.0 14.0 12.5 11.5 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 5.5 3.5 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-5 800 MHz CDMA Table 5-3 800 MHz (CDMA) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 17.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 17.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 800 MHz iDEN Table 5-4 800 MHz iDEN/SMR Power per Carrier iDEN Analog FM CQPSK/C4FM Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km 1 km MMF SMF 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 9.0 8.0 8.0 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.5 No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km 1 km MMF SMF 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.5 9.5 8.5 8.5 8.0 8.0 7.0 7.0 No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km 1 km MMF SMF 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 9.0 8.5 8.5 7.5 7.5 7.0 7.0 No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 No. of Carriers Motient Data TAC Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km 1 km MMF SMF 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 1 2 3 4 5-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 900 MHz GSM or EGSM Table 5-5 900 MHz (GSM or EGSM) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 16.0 13.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 4.0 16.0 12.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.5 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-7 900 MHz EDGE Table 5-6 900 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 16.0 13.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 4.0 16.0 12.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.5 5-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 1800 MHz DCS Table 5-7 1800 MHz (DCS) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.5 14.5 12.5 11.5 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 17.5 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-9 1800 MHz EDGE Table 5-8 1800 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.5 14.5 12.5 11.5 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 17.5 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 5-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 1900 MHz TDMA Table 5-9 1900 MHz (TDMA) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 30 23.0 18.0 15.0 13.0 11.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 4.5 2.5 23.0 18.0 15.0 13.0 11.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 4.5 2.5 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-11 1900 MHz GSM Table 5-10 1900 MHz (GSM) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 26.0 15.5 13.5 12.0 11.0 10.5 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 26.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 1900 MHz CDMA Table 5-11 1900 MHz (CDMA) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 16.0 13.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 16.0 13.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 5-12 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 1900 MHz EDGE Table 5-12 1900 MHz (EDGE) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 23.0 15.5 13.5 12.0 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 23.0 14.0 12.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 2.1 GHz UMTS Table 5-13 2.1 GHz (UMTS) Power per Carrier No. of Carriers Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 1 km MMF 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 15.0 11.0 8.0 6.5 5.0 4.0 3.0 15.0 11.0 8.0 6.5 5.0 4.0 3.0 Note: measurements taken with no baseband clipping. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-13 Paging/SMR Table 5-14 Paging/SMR Power per Carrier: Analog FM, CQPSK, C4FM Analog FM Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 2 km SMF 26.0 19.5 16.5 13.5 12.0 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.0 1 km MMF 26.0 19.5 16.5 13.5 12.0 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.0 CQPSK Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 22.0 17.0 14.5 12.5 11.0 9.5 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 1 km MMF 22.0 17.0 14.5 12.5 11.0 9.5 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 C4FM Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 26.0 19.5 16.0 13.5 11.5 10.0 9.0 8.5 7.5 7.0 1 km MMF 26.0 19.5 16.0 13.5 11.5 10.0 9.0 8.5 7.5 7.0 No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Table 5-15 Paging/SMR Power per Carrier: Mobitex, POCSAG/Reflex Mobitex Power per Carrier (dBm) 2 km SMF 26.0 19.5 16.0 13.5 1 km MMF 26.0 19.5 16.0 13.5 No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 POCSAG/Reflex Power per Carrier (dBm) No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 2 km SMF 26.0 19.5 16.0 13.5 1 km MMF 26.0 19.5 16.0 13.5 5-14 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 800 MHz Cellular/1900 MHz PCS Dual Band Table 5-16 800 MHz Cellular/1900 MHz PCS Power per Carrier Recommended Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU (dBm) 800 MHz Cellular 1900 MHz PCS TDMA AMPS CDMA TDMA GSM CDMA No. of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20 30 2 km SMF 23.0 18.0 15.0 13.0 11.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 4.5 2.5 1 km MMF 23.0 18.0 15.0 13.0 11.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 4.5 2.5 2 km SMF 26.0 20.0 16.5 13.5 12.0 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.0 2.0 1 km MMF 26.0 20.0 16.5 13.5 12.0 10.5 9.5 8.5 8.0 7.0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.5 5.0 4.0 2.0 2 km SMF 16.0 13.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 1 km MMF 16.0 13.0 11.0 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.5 7.0 2 km SMF 14.5 11.5 9.5 8.5 7.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 1 km MMF 14.5 11.5 9.5 8.5 7.5 6.5 6.0 5.5 2 km SMF 24.5 14.0 12.0 10.5 9.5 9.0 8.5 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 1 km MMF 24.5 12.5 10.5 9.5 8.5 7.5 7.0 6.5 6.0 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.5 4.0 2 km SMF 21.5 16.5 13.5 11.5 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.0 1.0 1 km MMF 21.5 16.5 13.5 11.5 10.0 9.0 8.0 7.0 6.5 6.0 5.5 5.0 5.0 4.5 4.0 4.0 3.0 1.0 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-15 Allowing for Future Capacity Growth Sometimes a Unison deployment initially is used to enhance coverage. Later that same system may also need to provide increased capacity. Thus, the initial deploy-

ment might only transmit two carriers but need to transmit four carriers later. There are two options for dealing with this scenario:

1. Design the initial coverage with a maximum power per carrier for four carriers. 2. Design the initial coverage for two carriers but leave RAU ports on the Hubs unused. These ports can be used later if coverage holes are discovered once the power per carrier is lowered to accommodate the two additional carriers. 5-16 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.2 Estimating RF Coverage The maximum power per carrier (based on the number and type of RF carriers that are being transmitted) and the minimum acceptable received power at the wireless device (i.e., RSSI, the design goal) establish the RF link budget, and consequently the maximum acceptable path loss between the antenna and the wireless device. Figure 5-1 Determining Path Loss between the Antenna and the Wireless Device Antenna and Gain (G) Coax RAU P = power per carrier from the RAU d RSSI = power at the wireless device

(P + Lcoax + G) RSSI = PL

(1) The path loss (PL) is the loss in decibels (dB) between the antenna and the wireless device. The distance, d, from the antenna corresponding to this path loss can be calcu-

lated using the path loss equations in Section 5.2.1 and in Section 5.2.2. Coaxial cable is used to connect the RAU to an antenna. The following table lists coaxial cable loss for various cable lengths. Table 5-17 Coaxial Cable Losses Length of Cable

(.195 in. diameter) 0.9 m (3 ft) 1.8 m (6 ft) 3.0 m (10 ft) Loss at 800 MHz

(dB) 0.6 1.0 1.5 Loss at 1900 MHz

(dB) 0.8 1.5 2.3 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-17 5.2.1 Path Loss Equation Indoor path loss obeys the distance power law1 in equation (2):

PL = 20log(4d0f/c) + 10nlog(d/d0) + s

(2) where:

PL is the path loss at a distance, d, from the antenna (the distance between the antenna that is connected to the RAU and the point where the RF signal decreases to the minimum acceptable level at the wireless device). f is the operating frequency in hertz.

d is the distance expressed in meters

d0 is usually taken as 1 meter of free-space.

c is the speed of light in a vacuum (3.0 108 m/sec).

n is the path loss exponent and depends on the building clutter.

s is a normal random variable that depends on partition losses inside the build-

ing, and therefore, depends on the frequency of operation. As a reference, the following table gives estimates of signal loss for some RF barriers.1 Table 5-18 Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials Partition Type Metal wall Aluminum siding Foil insulation Cubicle walls Concrete block wall Concrete floor Sheetrock Light machinery General machinery Heavy machinery Equipment racks Assembly line Ceiling duct Metal stairs Loss (dB)

@ <2 GHz 26 20 4 1.4 13 10 1 to 2 3 7 11 7 6 5 5 Frequency (MHz) 815 815 815 900 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1300 1. Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996. 5-18 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.2.2 Coverage Distance Equations (1) and (2), on pages 5-17 and 5-18, respectively, can be used to estimate the distance from the antenna to where the RF signal decreases to the minimum acceptable level at the wireless device. Equation (2) can be simplified to:

PL(d) = 20log(4f/c) + PLSlog(d)

(3) where PLS (path loss slope) is chosen to account for the buildings environment. Because different frequencies penetrate partitions with different losses, the value of PLS will vary depending on the frequency. Table 5-19 shows estimated path loss slope (PLS) for various environments that have different clutter (i.e., objects that attenuate the RF signals, such as walls, partitions, stairwells, equipment racks, etc.) Table 5-19 Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments Environment Type Open Environment with very few RF obstructions Moderately Open Environment with low-to-medium amount of RF obstructions Mildly Dense Environment with medium-to-high amount of RF obstructions Moderately Dense Environment with medium-to-high amount of RF obstructions Dense Environment with large amount of RF obstructions Example Parking Garage, Convention Center PLS for 800/900 MHz 33.7 PLS for 1800/1900 MHz 30.1 Warehouse, Airport, Manufacturing 35 Retail, Office Space with approxi-

mately 80% cubicles and 20% hard walled offices Office Space with approximately 50% cubicles and 50% hard walled offices Hospital, Office Space with approxi-

mately 20% cubicles and 80% hard walled offices 36.1 37.6 39.4 32 33.1 34.8 38.1 For simplicity, Equation (3) can be used to estimate the coverage distance of an antenna that is connected to an RAU, for a given path loss, frequency, and type of in-building environment. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-19 Table 5-20 gives the value of the first term of Equation (3) (i.e., (20log(4f/c)) for various frequency bands. Table 5-20 Frequency Bands and the Value of the first Term in Equation (3) Band (MHz) Uplink 824849 806824 890915 880915 17101785 17501780 18501910 19201980 Downlink 869894 851869 935960 925960 18051880 18401870 19301990 21102170 Mid-Band Frequency

(MHz) 859 837.5 925 920 1795 1810 1920 2045 20log(4f/c) 31.1 30.9 31.8 31.7 37.5 37.6 38.1 38.7 800 MHz Cellular 800 MHz iDEN 900 MHz GSM 900 MHz EGSM 1800 MHz DCS 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) 1900 MHz PCS 2.1 GHz UMTS 5-20 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A For reference, Tables 5-21 through 5-27 show the distance covered by an antenna for various in-building environments. The following assumptions were made:

Path loss Equation (3)

6 dBm output per carrier at the RAU output

3 dBi antenna gain

RSSI = 85 dBm (typical for narrowband protocols, but not for spread-spec-

trum protocols) Table 5-21 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 800 MHz Cellular Applications Environment Type Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 73 63 55 47 39 Feet 241 205 181 154 129 Table 5-22 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 800 MHz iDEN Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 75 64 56 48 40 Feet 244 208 184 156 131 Table 5-23 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 900 MHz GSM Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 70 60 53 45 38 Feet 230 197 174 148 125 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-21 Table 5-24 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 900 MHz EGSM Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 70 60 53 45 38 Feet 231 197 174 149 125 Table 5-25 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1800 MHz DCS Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 75 58 50 42 30 Feet 246 191 166 137 100 Table 5-26 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1800 MHz CDMA (Korea) Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 75 58 51 42 30 Feet 247 191 167 138 100 5-22 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Table 5-27 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 1900 MHz PCS Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 72 56 49 40 29 Feet 236 183 160 132 96 Table 5-28 Approximate Radiated Distance from Antenna for 2.1 GHz UMTS Applications Facility Open Environment Moderately Open Environment Mildly Dense Environment Moderately Dense Environment Dense Environment Distance from Antenna Meters 69 54 47 39 28 Feet 226 176 154 128 93 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-23 5.2.3 Examples of Design Estimates Example Design Estimate for an 800 MHz TDMA Application 1. Design goals:

Cellular (859 MHz = average of the lowest uplink and the highest downlink frequency in 800 MHz Cellular band)

TDMA provider

12 TDMA carriers in the system

85 dBm design goal (to 95% of the building) the minimum received power at the wireless device

Base station with simplex RF connections 2. Power Per Carrier: The tables in Section 5.1, Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU, on page 5-3 provide maximum power per carrier information. The 800 MHz TDMA table (on page 5-5) indicates that Unison can support 12 carriers with a recommended maximum power per carrier of 7.5 dBm. The input power should be set to the desired output power minus the system gain. 3. Building information:

8 floor building with 9,290 sq. meters (100,000 sq. ft.) per floor; total 74,322 sq. meters (800,000 sq. ft.)

Walls are sheetrock construction; suspended ceiling tiles

Antennas used will be omni-directional, ceiling mounted

Standard office environment, 50% hard wall offices and 50% cubicles 4. Link Budget: In this example, a design goal of 85 dBm is used. Suppose 3 dBi omni-directional antennas are used in the design. Then, the maximum RF propa-

gation loss should be no more than 95.5 dB (7.5 dBm + 3 dBi + 85 dBm) over 95% of the area being covered. It is important to note that a design goal such as 85 dBm is usually derived taking into account multipath fading and log-normal shadowing characteristics. Thus, this design goal will only be met on average over 95% of the area being covered. At any given point, a fade may bring the sig-

nal level underneath the design goal. Note that this method of calculating a link budget is only for the downlink path. For information to calculate link budgets for both the downlink and uplink paths, see Section 5.4 on page 5-29. 5. Path Loss Slope: For a rough estimate, Table 5-19, Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments on page 5-19, shows that a building with 50%

hard wall offices and 50% cubicles, at 859 MHz, has an approximate path loss slope

(PLS) of 37.6. Given the RF link budget of 95.5 dB, the distance of coverage from each RAU will be 52 meters (170.6 ft). This corresponds to a coverage area of 8,494 sq. meters (91,425 sq. ft.) per RAU (see Section 5.2.1 for details on path loss estimation). For this case we assumed a circular radiation pattern, though the actual area covered will depend upon the pattern of the antenna and the obstructions in the facility. 5-24 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Equipment Required: Since you know the building size, you can now estimate the Unison equipment quantities that will be needed. Before any RF levels are tested in the building, you can estimate that 2 antennas per level will be needed. This assumes no propagation between floors. If there is propagation, you may not need antennas on every floor. a. 2 antennas per floor 8 floors = 16 RAUs b. 16 RAUs 8 (maximum 8 RAUs per Expansion Hub) = 2 Expansion Hubs c. 2 Expansion Hubs 4 (maximum 4 Expansion Hubs per Main Hub) = 1 Main Hub Check that the Cat-5 cable distances are as recommended. If the distances differ, use the tables in Section 5.3, System Gain, on page 5-28 to determine system gains or losses. The path loss may need to be recalculated to assure adequate sig-

nal levels in the required coverage distance. The above estimates assume that all cable length requirements are met. If Hubs can-

not be placed so that the RAUs are within the distance requirement, additional Hubs may need to be placed closer to the required RAUs locations. An RF Site Survey and Building Evaluation is required to accurately establish the Unison equipment quantities required for the building. The site survey measures the RF losses within the building to determine the actual PLS, which will be used in the final path loss formula to determine the actual requirements of the Unison system. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-25 Example Design Estimate for an 1900 MHz CDMA Application 1. Design goals:

PCS (1920 MHz = average of the lowest uplink and the highest downlink fre-

quency in 1900 MHz PCS band)

CDMA provider

8 CDMA carriers in the system

85 dBm design goal (to 95% of the building) the minimum received power at the wireless device

Base station with simplex RF connections 2. Power Per Carrier: The tables in Section 5.1, Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU, on page 5-3 provide maximum power per carrier information. The 1900 MHz CDMA table (on page 5-12) indicates that Unison can support 8 carriers with a recommended maximum power per carrier of 6.5 dBm. The input power should be set to the desired output power minus the system gain. 3. Building information:

16 floor building with 9,290 sq. meters (100,000 sq. ft.) per floor; total 148,640 sq. meters (1,600,000 sq. ft.)

Walls are sheetrock construction; suspended ceiling tiles

Antennas used will be omni-directional, ceiling mounted

Standard office environment, 80% hard wall offices and 20% cubicles 4. Link Budget: In this example, a design goal of 85 dBm is used. Suppose 3 dBi omni-directional antennas are used in the design. Then, the maximum RF propa-

gation loss should be no more than 94.5 dB (6.5 dBm + 3 dBi + 85 dBm) over 95% of the area being covered. It is important to note that a design goal such as 85 dBm is usually derived taking into account multipath fading and log-normal shadowing characteristics. Thus, this design goal will only be met on average over 95% of the area being covered. At any given point, a fade may bring the sig-

nal level underneath the design goal. Note that this method of calculating a link budget is only for the downlink path. For information to calculate link budgets for both the downlink and uplink paths, see Section 5.4 on page 5-29. 5. Path Loss Slope: For a rough estimate, Table 5-19, Estimated Path Loss Slope for Different In-Building Environments on page 5-19, shows that a building with 80%

hard wall offices and 20% cubicles, at 1920 MHz, has an approximate path loss slope (PLS) of 38.1. Given the RF link budget of 94.5 dB, the distance of coverage from each RAU will be 30.2 meters (99 ft). This corresponds to a coverage area of 2,868 sq. meters (30,854 sq. ft.) per RAU (see Section 5.2.1 for details on path loss estimation). For this case we assumed a circular radiation pattern, though the actual area covered will depend upon the pattern of the antenna and the obstructions in the facility. 5-26 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6. Equipment Required: Since you know the building size, you can now estimate the Unison equipment quantities that will be needed. Before any RF levels are tested in the building, you can estimate that 4 antennas per level will be needed. This assumes no propagation between floors. If there is propagation, you may not need antennas on every floor. a. 4 antennas per floor 16 floors = 64 RAUs b. 64 RAUs 8 (maximum 8 RAUs per Expansion Hub) = 8 Expansion Hubs c. 8 Expansion Hubs 4 (maximum 4 Expansion Hubs per Main Hub) = 2 Main Hub Check that the MMF and Cat-5 cable distances are as recommended. If the dis-

tances differ, use the tables in Section 5.3, System Gain, on page 5-28 to deter-

mine system gains or losses. The path loss may need to be recalculated to assure adequate signal levels in the required coverage distance. The above estimates assume that all cable length requirements are met. If Hubs can-

not be placed so that the RAUs are within the distance requirement, additional Hubs may need to be placed closer to the required RAUs locations. An RF Site Survey and Building Evaluation is required to accurately establish the Unison equipment quantities required for the building. The site survey measures the RF losses within the building to determine the actual PLS, which will be used in the final path loss formula to determine the actual requirements of the Unison system. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-27 5.3 System Gain The system gain can be decreased from 15 dB to 0 dB gain in 1 dB increments and the uplink and downlink gains of each RAU can be independently decreased by 10 dB in one step using AdminManager or OpsConsole. 5.3.1 System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length The recommended minimum length of ScTP cable is 10 meters (33 ft) and the recom-

mended maximum length is 100 meters (328 ft). The system should not be operated with ScTP cable that is less than 10 meters (33 ft) in length, system performance will be greatly compromised. If the ScTP cable is longer than 100 meters (328 ft), the gain of the system will decrease, as shown in Table 5-29. Table 5-29 System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length Typical change in system gain (dB) Uplink Downlink 0.7 2.4 4.1 5.8 7.6 1.0 3.2 5.3 7.5 9.7 ScTP Cable Length 800 MHz TDMA/AMPS and CDMA; 900 MHz GSM and EGSM; and iDEN 110 m / 361 ft 120 m / 394 ft 130 m / 426 ft 140 m / 459 ft 150 m / 492 ft 1800 MHz GSM (DCS); 1900 MHz TDMA, CDMA, and GSM 110 m / 361 ft 120 m / 394 ft 130 m / 426 ft 140 m / 459 ft 150 m / 492 ft 2.1 GHz UMTS 110 m / 361 ft 120 m / 394 ft 130 m / 426 ft 140 m / 459 ft 150 m / 492 ft 1.0 4.0 6.4 8.8 11.3 1.0 3.2 5.3 7.5 9.7 0.7 2.4 4.1 5.8 7.6 0.7 2.4 4.1 5.8 7.6 5-28 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.4 Link Budget Analysis A link budget is a methodical way to account for the gains and losses in an RF system so that the quality of coverage can be predicted. The end result can often be stated as a design goal in which the coverage is determined by the maximum distance from each RAU before the signal strength falls beneath that goal. One key feature of the link budget is the maximum power per carrier discussed in Section 5.1. While the maximum power per carrier is important as far as emissions and signal quality requirements are concerned, it is critical that the maximum signal into the Main Hub never exceed 1W (+30 dBm). Composite power levels above this limit will cause damage to the Main Hub. WARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power of 1W (+30 dBm) could cause permanent damage to the Main Hub. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-29 5.4.1 Elements of a Link Budget for Narrowband Standards The link budget represents a typical calculation that might be used to determine how much path loss can be afforded in a Unison design. This link budget analyzes both the downlink and uplink paths. For most configurations, the downlink requires lower path loss and is therefore the limiting factor in the system design. It is for this reason that a predetermined design goal for the downlink is sufficient to predict coverage distance. The link budget is organized in a simple manner: the transmitted power is calculated, the airlink losses due to fading and body loss are summed, and the receiver sensitivity

(minimum level a signal can be received for acceptable call quality) is calculated. The maximum allowable path loss (in dB) is the difference between the transmitted power, less the airlink losses, and the receiver sensitivity. From the path loss, the maximum coverage distance can be estimated using the path loss formula presented in Section 5.2.1. Table 5-30 provides link budget considerations for narrowband systems. Table 5-30 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems Consideration BTS Transmit Power Attenuation between BTS and Unison Antenna Gain BTS Noise Figure Unison Noise Figure Description The power per carrier transmitted from the base station output This includes all losses: cable, attenuator, splitter/combiner, and so forth. On the downlink, attenuation must be chosen so that the maximum power per carrier going into the Main Hub does not exceed the levels given in Section 5.1. On the uplink, attenuation is chosen to keep the maximum uplink signal and noise level low enough to prevent base station alarms but small enough not to cause degradation in the system sensitivity. If the Unison noise figure minus the attenuation is at least 10 dB higher than the BTS noise figure, the system noise figure will be approximately that of Unison alone. See Section 5.5 for ways to inde-

pendently set the uplink and downlink attenuations between the base station and Unison. The radiated output power includes antenna gain. For example, if you use a 3 dBi antenna at the RAU that is transmitting 0 dBm per carrier, the effective radiated power (relative to an isotropic radiator) is 3 dBm per carrier. This is the effective noise floor of the base station input (usually base station sensitivity is this effec-

tive noise floor plus a certain C/I ratio). This is Unisons uplink noise figure, which varies depending on the number of Hubs and RAUs, and the frequency band. Unisons uplink noise figure is specified for a 1-1-4 configuration. Thus, the noise figure for a Unison system (or multiple systems whose uplink ports are power combined) will be NF(1-1-4) + 10*log(# of Hubs). This represents an upper-bound because the noise figure is lower if any of the Hubs RAU ports are not used. 5-30 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A

 

 

Table 5-30 Link Budget Considerations for Narrowband Systems (continued) Consideration Thermal Noise Description This is the noise level in the signal bandwidth (BW). Thermal noise power = 174 dBm/Hz + 10Log(BW). Protocol TDMA GSM iDEN Signal Bandwidth 30 kHz 200 kHz 25 kHz Thermal Noise 129 dBm 121 dBm 130 dBm Required C/I ratio Mobile Transmit Power Multipath Fade Margin Log-normal Fade Margin Body Loss Minimum Received Signal Level For each wireless standard a certain C/I (carrier to interference) ratio is needed to obtain acceptable demodulation performance. For narrowband systems, (TDMA, GSM, EDGE, iDEN, AMPS) this level varies from about 9 dB to 20 dB. The maximum power the mobile can transmit (power transmitted at highest power level setting). This margin allows for a certain level of fading due to multipath interference. Inside buildings there is often one or more fairly strong signals and many weaker signals arriving from reflections and dif-

fraction. Signals arriving from multiple paths add constructively or destructively. This margin accounts for the possibility of destructive multipath interference. In RF site surveys this margin will not appear because it will be averaged out over power level samples taken over many locations. This margin adds an allowance for RF shadowing due to objects obstructing the direct path between the mobile equipment and the RAU. In RF site surveys, this shadowing will not appear because it will be averaged out over power level samples taken over many locations. This accounts for RF attenuation caused by the users head and body. This is also referred to as the design goal. The link budget says that you can achieve adequate cov-

erage if the signal level is, on average, above this level over 95% of the area covered, for example. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-31 5.4.2 Narrowband Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell Application Narrowband Link Budget Analysis: Downlink Line Downlink Transmitter a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. p. BTS transmit power per carrier (dBm) Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) Power into Unison (dBm) Unison gain (dB) Antenna gain (dBi) Radiated power per carrier (dBm) Airlink Multipath fade margin (dB) Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90%

(dB) Body loss (dB) Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) Receiver Thermal noise (dBm/30 kHz) Mobile noise figure (dB) Required C/I ratio (dB) Minimum received signal (dBm) Maximum path loss (dB) 33 23 10 0 3 13 6 11 3 20 129 7 17 105 98

c = a + b f = c + d + e

j = g + h + i

n = k + l + m

k: in this example, k represents the thermal noise for a TDMA signal, which has a bandwidth of 30 kHz

p = f j n 5-32 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Narrowband Link Budget Analysis: Uplink Line Uplink Receiver a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. p. BTS noise figure (dB) Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) Unison gain (dB) Unison noise figure (dB) 1-4-32 System noise figure (dB) Thermal noise (dBm/30 kHz) Required C/I ratio (dB) Antenna gain (dBi) Receive sensitivity (dBm) Airlink Multipath fade margin (dB) Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90%

(dB) Body loss (dB) Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) Transmitter Mobile transmit power (dBm) Maximum path loss (dB) 4 10 0 22 22.6 129 12 3 97.4 6 10 3 19 28 106.4

e: enter the noise figure and gain of each system component (a, b, c, and d) into the standard cascaded noise figure formula Fsys = F1 +

F2 1 G1

F3 1 G1G2

+ .... where

(Noise Figure/10) F = 10 G = 10(Gain/10)

(See Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.) i = f + e + g h

m = j + k + l

p = n m i Therefore, the system is downlink limited but the downlink and uplink are almost balanced, which is a desirable condition. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-33 5.4.3 Elements of a Link Budget for CDMA Standards A CDMA link budget is slightly more complicated because the spread spectrum nature of CDMA must be considered. Unlike narrowband standards such as TDMA and GSM, CDMA signals are spread over a relatively wide frequency band. Upon reception, the CDMA signal is de-spread. In the de-spreading process the power in the received signal becomes concentrated into a narrow band, whereas the noise level remains unchanged. Hence, the signal-to-noise ratio of the de-spread signal is higher than that of the CDMA signal before de-spreading. This increase is called processing gain. For IS-95 and J-STD-008, the processing gain is 21 dB or 19 dB depending on the user data rate (9.6 Kbps for rate set 1 and 14.4 Kbps for rate set 2, respectively). Because of the processing gain, a CDMA signal (comprising one Walsh code channel within the composite CDMA signal) can be received at a lower level than that required for narrowband signals. A reasonable level is 95 dBm, which results in about 85 dBm composite as shown below. An important issue to keep in mind is that the downlink CDMA signal is composed of many orthogonal channels: pilot, paging, sync, and traffic. The composite power level is the sum of the powers from the individual channels. An example is given in the following table. Table 5-31 Distribution of Power within a CDMA Signal Channel Pilot Sync Primary Paging Traffic Walsh Code Number Relative Power Level 0 32 1 20%

5%

19%

831, 3363 9% (per traffic channel) 7.0 dB 13.3 dB 7.3 dB 10.3 dB This table assumes that there are 15 active traffic channels operating with 50% voice activity (so that the total power adds up to 100%). Notice that the pilot and sync chan-

nels together contribute about 25% of the power. When measuring the power in a CDMA signal you must be aware that if only the pilot and sync channels are active, the power level will be about 6 to 7 dB lower than the maximum power level you can expect when all voice channels are active. The implication is that if only the pilot and sync channels are active, and the maximum power per carrier table says that you should not exceed 10 dBm for a CDMA signal, for example, then you should set the attenuation between the base station and the Main Hub so that the Main Hub receives 3 dBm (assuming 0 dB system gain). An additional consideration for CDMA systems is that the uplink and downlink paths should be gain and noise balanced. This is required for proper operation of soft-hand-

off to the outdoor network as well as preventing excess interference that is caused by mobiles on the indoor system transmitting at power levels that are not coordinated with the outdoor mobiles. This balance is achieved if the power level transmitted by the mobiles under close-loop power control is similar to the power level transmitted under open-loop power control. The open-loop power control equation is PTX + PRX = 73 dBm (for Cellular, IS-95) 5-34 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A PTX + PRX = 76 dBm (for PCS, J-STD-008) where PTX is the mobiles transmitted power and PRX is the power received by the mobile. The power level transmitted under closed-loop power control is adjusted by the base station to achieve a certain Eb/N0 (explained in Table 5-32 on page 5-35). The differ-

ence between these power levels, P, can be estimated by comparing the power radi-

ated from the RAU, Pdownink, to the minimum received signal, Puplink, at the RAU:

P = Pdownink + Puplink + 73 dBm (for Cellular) P = Pdownink + Puplink + 76 dBm (for PCS) Its a good idea to keep 12 dB < P < 12 dB. Table 5-32 provides link budget considerations for CDMA systems. Table 5-32 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA Consideration Power per car-

rier, downlink Description This depends on how many channels are active. For example, the signal will be about 7 dB lower if only the pilot, sync, and paging channels are active compared to a fully-loaded CDMA signal. Furthermore, in the CDMA forward link, voice channels are turned off when the user is not speaking. On average this is assumed to be about 50% of the time. So, in the spreadsheet, both the power per Walsh code channel (rep-

resenting how much signal a mobile will receive on the Walsh code that it is de-spreading) and the total power are used. The channel power is needed to determine the maximum path loss, and the total power is needed to deter-

mine how hard the Unison system is being driven. The total power for a fully-loaded CDMA signal is given by (approximately):

total power = voice channel power + 13 dB + 10log10 (50%)

= voice channel power + 10 dB Information Rate This is simply 10log10(9.6 Kbps) = 40 dB for rate set 1 10log10(14.4 Kbps) = 42 dB for rate set 2 Process Gain The process of de-spreading the desired signal boosts that signal relative to the noise and interference. This gain needs to be included in the link budget. In the following formulas, PG = process gain:

PG = 10log10(1.25 MHz / 9.6 Kbps) = 21 dB rate set 1 PG = 10log10(1.25 MHz / 14.4 Kbps) = 19 dB rate set 2 Note that the process gain can also be expressed as 10log10 (CDMA bandwidth) minus the information rate. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-35 Consideration Eb/No Table 5-32 Additional Link Budget Considerations for CDMA (continued) Description This is the energy-per-bit divided by the received noise and interference. Its the CDMA equivalent of sig-

nal-to-noise ratio (SNR). This figure depends on the mobiles receiver and the multipath environment. For example, the multipath delays inside a building are usually too small for a rake receiver in the mobile (or base station) to resolve and coherently combine multipath components. However, if artificial delay can be introduced by, for instance, using different lengths of cable, then the required Eb/No will be lower and the multipath fade margin in the link budget can be reduced in some cases. If the receiver noise figure is NF (dB), then the receive sensitivity (dBm) is given by:

Psensitivity = NF + Eb/No + thermal noise in a 1.25 MHz band PG

= NF + Eb/No 113 (dBm/1.25 MHz) PG Noise Rise On the uplink, the noise floor is determined not only by the Unison system, but also by the number of mobiles that are transmitting. This is because when the base station attempts to de-spread a particular mobiles signal, all other mobile signals appear to be noise. Because the noise floor rises as more mobiles try to communicate with a base station, the more mobiles there are, the more power they have to transmit. Hence, the noise floor rises rapidly:

Hand-off Gain noise rise = 10log10(1 / (1 loading)) where loading is the number of users as a percentage of the theoretical maximum number of users. Typically, a base station is set to limit the loading to 75%. This noise ratio must be included in the link budget as a worst-case condition for uplink sensitivity. If there are less users than 75% of the maximum, then the uplink coverage will be better than predicted. CDMA supports soft hand-off, a process by which the mobile communicates simultaneously with more than one base station or more than one sector of a base station. Soft hand-off provides improved receive sensitivity because there are two or more receivers or transmitters involved. A line for hand-off gain is included in the CDMA link budgets worksheet although the gain is set to 0 dB because the in-building system will probably be designed to limit soft-handoff. Other CDMA Issues

Never combine multiple sectors (more than one CDMA signal at the same fre-

quency) into a Unison system. The combined CDMA signals will interfere with each other.

Try to minimize overlap between in-building coverage areas that utilize different sectors, as well as in-building coverage and outdoor coverage areas. This is impor-

tant because any area in which more than one dominant pilot signal (at the same frequency) is measured by the mobile will result in soft-handoff. Soft-handoff decreases the overall network capacity by allocating multiple channel resources to a single mobile phone. 5-36 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.4.4 Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis for a Microcell Application Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis: Downlink Line Downlink Transmitter a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. u. v. w. x. BTS transmit power per traffic channel (dBm) Voice activity factor Composite power (dBm) Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) Power per channel into Unison (dBm) Composite power into Unison (dBm) Unison gain (dB) Antenna gain (dBi) Radiated power per channel (dBm) Composite radiated power (dBm) Airlink Handoff gain (dB) Multipath fade margin (dB) Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90% (dB) Additional loss (dB) Body loss (dB) Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) Receiver Mobile noise figure (dB) Thermal noise (dBm/Hz) Receiver interference density (dBm/Hz) Information ratio (dB/Hz) Required Eb/(No+lo) Receive Sensitivity (dBm) Minimum received signal (dBm) Maximum path loss (dB) 30.0 50%

40.0 24 9.0 16.0 0.0 3.0 12.0 19.0 0.0 6.0 10.0 0.0 3.0 19.0 7.0 174.0 167.0 41.6 7.0 118.4 99.4 99.4 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-37

b and c: see notes in Table 5-32 regarding power per carrier, downlink

e = a + d f = c + d

i = e + g + h

j = f + g + h

p = k + l + m + n + o

s = q + r

v = s + t + u

w = p + v

x = j w

y = j (downlink) + m (uplink) + P where P = Ptx + Prx = 73 dB for Cellular 76 dB for PCS 5-38 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Spread Spectrum Link Budget Analysis: Uplink Line Uplink Receiver a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. m. n. o. p. q. r. s. t. BTS noise figure (dB) Attenuation between BTS and Unison (dB) Unison gain (dB) Unison noise figure (dB) System noise figure (dB) Thermal noise (dBm/Hz) Noise rise 75% loading (dB) Receiver interference density (dBm/Hz) Information rate (dB/Hz) Required Eb/(No+lo) Handoff gain (dB) Antenna gain (dBi) Minimum received signal (dBm) Airlink Multipath fade margin (dB) Log-normal fade margin with 8 dB std. deviation, edge reliability 90% (dB) Additional loss (dB) Body loss (dB) Airlink losses (not including facility path loss) Transmitter Mobile transmit power (dBm) Maximum path loss (dB) 3.0 30.0 0.0 22.0 33.3 174.0 6.0 134.6 41.6 5.0 0.0 3.0 91.1 6.0 10.0 0.0 3.0 19.0 28.0 100.1 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-39

e: enter the noise figure and gain of each system component (a, b, c, and d) into the standard cascaded noise figure formula Fsys = F1 +

F2 1 G1

F3 1 G1G2

+ .... where

(Noise Figure/10) F = 10 G = 10(Gain/10)

(See Rappaport, Theodore S. Wireless Communications, Principles, and Practice. Prentice Hall PTR, 1996.)

h = e + f + g

m = h + i + j k l

r = n + o + p + q t = s r m 5-40 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.4.5 Considerations for Re-Radiation (over-the-air) Systems Unison can be used to extend the coverage of the outdoor network by connecting to a roof-top donor antenna that is pointed toward an outdoor base station. Additional considerations for such an application of Unison are:

Sizing the gain and output power requirements for a bi-directional amplifier

(repeater).

Ensuring that noise radiated on the uplink from the in-building system does not cause the outdoor base station to become desensitized to wireless handsets in the outdoor network.

Filtering out signals that lie in adjacent frequency bands. For instance, if you are providing coverage for Cellular B-band operation it may be necessary to filter out the A, A and A bands which may contain strong signals from other outdoor base stations. Further information on these issues can be found in LGC Wireless application notes for re-radiation applications. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-41 5.5 Connecting a Main Hub to a Base Station The first consideration when connecting Unison Main Hubs to a base station is to ensure there is an equal amount of loss through cables, combiners, etc. from the base station to the Main Hubs. For this example, assume that the base station will have simplex connections, one uplink and one downlink. Each of these connections will need to be divided to equilibrate power for each Main Hub. For example, two Main Hubs will require a 21 combiner/divider; four Main Hubs will require a 41 com-

biner/divider; and so on. Figure 5-2 Connecting Main Hubs to a Simplex Base Station Base Station 2 1 combiner/divider Downlink/Forward Uplink/Reverse Main Hub 1 Main Hub 2 When connecting a Unison Main Hub to a base station, also consider the following:

1. The downlink power from the base station must be attenuated enough so that the power radiated by the RAU does not exceed the maximum power per carrier listed in Section 5.1, Maximum Output Power per Carrier at RAU, on page 5-3. 2. The uplink attenuation should be small enough that the sensitivity of the overall system is limited by Unison, not by the attenuator. However, some base stations will trigger alarms if the noise or signal levels are too high. In this case the attenu-

ation will have to be large enough to prevent this from happening. If, in an area covered by Unison, a mobile phone indicates good signal strength but consistently has difficulty completing calls, it is possible that the attenuation between Unison and the base station needs to be adjusted. In other words, it is possible that if the uplink is over-attenuated, the downlink power will provide good coverage, but the uplink coverage distance will be small. When there is an excessive amount of loss between the Main Hub uplink and the base station, the uplink system gain can be increased to as much as 15 dB to prevent a reduction in the overall system sensitivity. 5-42 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.5.1 Attenuation Figure 5-3 shows a typical setup wherein a duplex base station is connected to a Main Hub. For a simplex base station, eliminate the circulator and connect the simplex ports of the base station to the simplex ports of the Main Hub. Add attenuators to reg-

ulate the power appropriately. Figure 5-3 Main Hub to Duplex Base Station or Repeater Connections Duplex Base Station or Repeater A3 A1 A2 Forward Main Hub Reverse

A typical circulator has an IP3 of +70dBm. If you drive the circulator too hard it will produce intermods that are bigger than the intermods produced by Unison. The IP3 at the Forward port input of the Main Hub is approximately +38 dBm. The IP3 of the circulator at that same point (i.e., following attenuator A1) is +70dBm A1. Thus, to keep the system IP3 from being adversely affected by the circulator, attenuator A1 should be no more than approxi-

mately +30 dB.

A filter diplexer can be used in place of the circulator. The IP3 of the diplexer can be assumed to be greater than +100 dBm. If a diplexer is used, A3 can be omitted.

A1+A3 should be chosen so that the output power per carrier at the RAUs output is correct for the number of carriers being transmitted. Suppose the base station transmits 36 dBm per carrier and it is desired that the RAU output be 6 dBm per carrier and the forward port gain is 0 dB. Then A1+A3=30 dB.

A2+A3 should, ideally, be at least 10 dB less than the noise figure plus the gain of the Uni-

son system. For example, if the reverse port has a 0 dB gain and if there are 32 RAUs, the noise figure is approximately 22 dB. So A2+A3 should be about 10 dB. If A2+A3 is too large, the uplink coverage can be severely reduced.

Given these three equations:

A1 < 30 dB A1+A3 = 30 dB (in this example) A2+A3 < 10 dB (in this example) we could choose A1=20 dB, A2=0 dB, A3=10 dB PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-43 5.5.2 Uplink Attenuation The attenuation between the Main Hubs uplink port and the base station does two things:

1. It attenuates the noise coming out of Unison. It attenuates the desired signals coming out of Unison. 2. Setting the attenuation on the uplink is a trade-off between keeping the noise and maximum signal levels transmitted from Unison to the base station receiver low while not reducing the SNR (signal-to-noise ratio) of the path from the RAU inputs to the base station inputs. This SNR can not be better than the SNR of Unison by itself, although it can be significantly worse. For example, suppose we have a GSM Unison system consisting of one Hub and 8 RAUs (1-8) with uplink NF=22 dB. (See Table 5-32 on page 5-35.) If we use 30 dB of attenuation between the Main Hubs uplink port and the base station (which has its own noise figure of about 4 dB), the overall noise figure will be 34.3 dB (refer to the formula on page 5-33) which is 12.3 dB worse than Unison by itself. That causes a 12.3 dB reduction in the uplink coverage distance. Now, if the attenuation instead is 10 dB, the cascaded noise figure is NF=22.6 dB, which implies that the uplink sensi-

tivity is limited by Unison, a desirable condition. Rule of Thumb A good rule of thumb is to set the uplink attenuation, A2+A3 in Figure 5-3 on page 5-43, as follows:

A2+A3 Unison uplink NF + uplink gain (0 dB for reverse port) BTS NF 10dB and round A2 down to the nearest convenient attenuation value. 5-44 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 5.5.2.1 Uplink Attenuation Exception: CDMA In CDMA systems, the power transmitted by the mobile is determined by the charac-

teristics of both the uplink and downlink paths. The power transmitted by the mobile should be similar in open-loop control (as determined by the downlink path) as dur-

ing closed-loop control (as determined by the uplink and downlink paths). In addi-

tion, the mobiles transmit power when it communicates with a base station through Unison should be similar to the power transmitted when it communicates with a base station in the outdoor network (during soft hand-off). Because of these consider-

ations, you should not allow the downlink and uplink gains to vary widely. Open-loop power control:

PTX = 76 dBm (for PCS) PRX where PTX is the power transmitted and PRX is the power received by the mobile. If PL is the path loss (in dB) between the RAU and the mobile, and PDN is the downlink power radiated by the RAU, then PTX = 76 dBm (for PCS) PDN + PL Closed-loop power control:

PTX = noise floor + uplink NF process gain + Eb/No + PL

= 113 dBm/1.25 Mhz + NF 19 dB + 7 dB + PL where Eb/No = 7 dB is a rough estimate, and NF is the cascaded noise figure of the Unison uplink, the uplink attenuation, and the base station noise figure. Equating PTX for the open-loop and closed-loop we see that NF = 49 PDN where PDN is determined by the downlink attenuation. Since PDN for Unison is about 10 dBm, we see that the cascaded noise figure is about 39 dB, which is considerably higher than that of Unison itself. This implies that we should use a fairly large attenu-

ation on the uplink. This case suggests using as much attenuation on the downlink as on the uplink. The drawback of doing this is that the uplink coverage sensitivity is reduced. A link budget analysis will clarify these issues. Typically, the uplink attenu-

ation between the Main Hub and the base station will be the same as, or maybe 10 dB less than, the downlink attenuation. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-45 5.6 Designing for a Neutral Host System Designing for a neutral host system uses the same design rules previously discussed. Since a neutral host system typically uses multiple systems in parallel with common equipment locations, we find it best to design according to the minimum among the systems RAU coverage distances so that there will not be holes in the coverage area, and so that the economies of a single installation can be achieved. For example, as indicated in Section 7.1, the 1900 MHz RF signals do not propagate throughout a building as well as the 800 MHz signals. Therefore, we design using the 1900 MHz radiated distance, calculated with the path loss slope formula. The example neutral host system described below consists of one iDEN, one 800 MHz, and two 1900 MHz systems and can support up to seven separate service pro-

viders in the following manner:

1 on iDEN

2 on 800 MHz, A band and B band

2 in each of the two 1900 MHz frequency sub-bands Example Unison Neutral Host System The following example configuration was designed to provide:

Similar coverage per band in an office environment that is 80% cubicles and 20% offices.

Similar capacity.

Support for up to 7 Operators, where equipment has been shared to minimize the number of parallel systems. Example Configuration:

800 MHz iDEN: 16 channels (3 dBm)

800 MHz Cellular (3 dBm) TDMA Band: 14 channels (shared) CDMA Band: 3 channels (shared)

1900 MHz PCS (6 dBm) TDMA Band: 14 channels CDMA Band: 3 channels (shared) GSM Band: 6 channels (shared) 5-46 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Similar coverage is achieved by setting the transmit power per carrier of the 800 MHz systems to 3 dBm per carrier and those of the 1900 MHz systems to 6 dBm per car-

rier. The numbers of RF carriers were selected in order to match subscriber capacity approximately. Because each protocol in the example supports a different number of voice channels, the RF carrier numbers also differ. As the following table indicates, the 800 MHz Cellular and shared 1900 MHz systems can support additional RF carri-

ers without decreasing the power per carrier figures. For logistical reasons, Operators involved in a neutral host system sometimes prefer not to share equipment with other Operators. From technical and economic perspec-

tives, too, this can be a prudent practice in medium to high-capacity installations. Though deploying parallel systems appears to increase the amount of equipment needed as well as the system cost, the trade-off between capacity and coverage must be considered because, in short, as capacity increases, coverage area per RAU decreases. Therefore, more RAUs (and perhaps Hubs) are needed to cover a given floor space. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 5-47 The following table shows the capacities of both 800 and 1900 MHz Unison systems used for single and multiple protocol applications. The power per carrier for each sys-

tem is based on providing equal coverage areas for both systems when they are used in an office building that is 80% cubicles and 20% offices. Table 1 Unison Capacity: Equal Coverage Areas Operator #1 RF Chs Protocol Voice Chs Subscribers Protocol 800 MHz Cellular A/B (Unison); 3 dBm power per carrier N/A TDMA only CDMA only N/A CDMA TDMA

(combining with TDMA:

(combining with CDMA:

Operator #2) Operator #1) Operator #2 RF Chs Voice Chs 47 16 749 800 MHz iDEN (Unison); 3 dBm power per carrier iDEN only 1900 MHz PCS (Unison); 6 dBm power per carrier TDMA only CDMA only GSM only TDMA

(combining with CDMA:

Operator #2) 35 12 15 20 25 28 14 10 14 6 8 10 11 6 8 10 11 2 4 6 8 104 180240 44 59 74 83 41 150200 111 17 23 29 32 17 23 29 32 3040 6080 90120 120200 1837 33274517 694 974 1259 1431 638 27363723 1973 213 315 421 474 213 315 421 474 439620 9931374 15662148 21482933 TDMA

(combining with GSM:

Operator #2) CDMA

(combining with GSM:

Operator #2) Note 1 Note 2 Subscribers 27363723 18562540 9931374 439620 150200 105140 6080 3040 6080 4560 3040 1520 55 39 23 15 79 55 31 7 9931374 712993 439620 180264 899 602 315 180 1355 899 457 59 10 7 4 2 4 3 2 1 7 5 3 2 10 7 4 1 N/A N/A N/A N/A CDMA

(combining with TDMA:

Operator #1) GSM

(combining with TDMA:

Operator #1) GSM

(combining with CDMA:

Operator #1) The RF channel capacity limits are based on the Unison data sheets typical specifications for Cat-5 length and RF performance. The subscriber capacity limits are based on the Erlang B traffic model with a 2% GOS. Each user has a 50mErlangs, which is higher than the standard 35mErlangs. 5-48 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 6 Installing Unison Accel 6.1 Installation Requirements 6.1.1 6.1.2 Component Location Requirements Unison Accel components are intended to be installed in indoor locations only. Cable and Connector Requirements The Accel equipment operates over Category 5 or 6 (Cat-5/6) screened twisted pair

(ScTP) cable with shielded RJ-45 connectors. These cables are widely used industry standards for Local Area Networks (LANs). The regulations and guidelines for Uni-

son cable installation are identical to those specified by the TIA/EIA 568-A standard and the TIA/EIA/IS-729 supplement for LANs. LGC Wireless recommends plenum-rated Cat-5/6 ScTP cable and connectors for conformity to building codes and standards. Mohawk/CDT 55986 or Belden 1624P DataTwist Five ScTP cable, or equivalent is required. NOTE: In order to meet FCC and CE Mark emissions requirements, the Cat-5/6 cable must be screened (ScTP) and it must be grounded using shielded RJ-45 con-

nectors at both ends. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 6-1 6.1.3 Multiple Operator System Recommendations As in any Unison Accel system, a multiple operator (neutral host) system requires one Cat-5/6 cable between each Accel Hub and each RAU. In situations where Hubs and/or RAUs will be installed in the future to support the addition of frequency bands and/or wireless Operators, it is advantageous to install the necessary cabling initially. Such deployment typically leads to substantial cost savings over installing parallel cabling at separate times. 6.1.4 Distance Requirements The following table shows the distances between Unison components and related equipment. Table 6-1 Distance Requirements Equipment Combination Repeater to Accel Hub Cable Type Coaxial; N male connectors Base Station to Accel Hub Coaxial; N male connectors Cable Length 36 m (1020 ft) typical 10 m (33 ft) maximum 36 m (1020 ft) typical 10 m (33 ft) maximum Accel Hub to RAU Cat-5/6 ScTP;

shielded RJ-45 male connectors RAU to passive antenna Coaxial; SMA male connectors

Minimum: 10 meters (33 ft)

Recommended Max.: 100 meters (328 ft)

Absolute Max.: 150 meters (492 ft) See Section 6.4.4 if using a Cat-5 Extender 13.5 m (312 ft) typical Additional Information Limited by loss and noise. Refer to your link budget calculation. Limited by CE Mark require-

ments. Limited by loss and noise. Refer to your link budget calculation. Limited by CE Mark require-

ments. See System Gain (Loss) Relative to ScTP Cable Length on page 5-28. Limited by loss and noise. Refer to your link budget calculation. 6-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.2 Safety Precautions 6.2.1 Installation Guidelines Use the following guidelines when installing LGC Wireless equipment:

1. Provide sufficient airflow and cooling to the equipment to prevent heat build-up from exceeding the maximum ambient air temperature specification. Do not com-

promise the amount of airflow required for safe operation of the equipment. If you are removing the system, turn it off and remove the power cord first. There are no user-serviceable parts inside the components. 2. 3. The internal power supplies have internal fuses that are not user replaceable. Con-

sider the worst-case power consumption shown on the product labels when provi-

sioning the equipments AC power source and distribution. 6.2.2 General Safety Precautions The following precautions apply to LGC Wireless products:

The units have no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless. Please contact us at:

1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

+1-408-952-2400 (International)

+44(0) 1223 597812 (Europe)

Although modeled after an Ethernet/LAN architecture and connectivity, the units are not intended to connect to Ethernet data hubs, routers, cards, or other similar data equipment.

When you connect a radiating antenna to an RAU, firmly hand-tighten the SMA female connector DO NOT over-tighten the connector. WARNING: To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this equipment to rain or moisture. The components are intended for indoor use only. Do not install the RAU outdoors. Do not connect an RAU to an antenna that is located outside where it could be subject to lightning strikes, power crosses, or wind. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-3 6.3 Preparing for System Installation 6.3.1 Pre-Installation Inspection Follow this procedure before installing Unison Accel equipment:

1. Verify the number of packages received against the packing list. 2. Check all packages for external damage; report any external damage to the ship-

ping carrier. If there is damage, a shipping agent should be present before you unpack and inspect the contents because damage caused during transit is the responsibility of the shipping agent. 3. Open and check each package against the packing slip. If any items are missing, contact LGC Wireless customer service. If damage is discovered at the time of installation, contact the shipping agent. 4. 6-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.3.2 Installation Checklist Table 6-2 Installation Checklist

Installation Requirement Floor Plans System Design Power available:

Accel Hub (AC) To RAU (DC) Rack space available Clearance for air circulation:

Accel Hub RAU Suitable operating environment:

Accel Hub RAUs Consideration Installation location of equipment clearly marked Used to verify frequency bands after installation Power cord is 2 m (6.5 ft) long. 115/230V, 5.5/3A, 5060 Hz 36V (from the Hub) 133.5 mm (5.25 in.) high (3U) 76 mm (3 in.) front and rear, 51 mm (2 in.) sides 76 mm (3 in.) all around Indoor location only 0 to +45C (+32 to +113F) 5% to 95% non-condensing humidity 25 to +45C (13 to +113F) 5% to 95% non-condensing humidity Donor Antenna-to-Unison Configuration Donor Antenna Lightning Arrestor or Surge Suppressor Repeater Attenuator Circulator or Duplexer Base Station-to-Unison Configuration Base Station Attenuator Circulator or Duplexer Installed, inspected; N-male to N-male coaxial cable to lightning arrestor/surge suppressor Installed between roof-top antenna and repeater; N-male to N-male coaxial cable Installed between lightning arrestor/surge suppressor and Hub; N-male to N-male coaxial cable Installed between the circulator and the Hub downlink port to prevent overload. Optionally, it may be installed between the uplink port and the circulator Installed between the repeater and the Hub uplink and downlink ports Verify RF power (see tables in Section 5.1 on page 5-3); N-male to N-male coaxial cable; installed, inspected Attenuation may be required to achieve the desired RF output at the RAU and the desired uplink noise floor level When using a duplex BTS: Installed between the BTS and the Hub uplink and downlink ports. Not used with a simplex BTS PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-5 Table 6-2 Installation Checklist (continued)

Installation Requirement Connecting LGCell Main Hub(s) to a Unison Main Hub 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable

(PN 4024-3) Consideration For contact alarm monitoring: connecting 2 to 21 LGCell Main Hubs to a Unison Accel Hub If connecting LGCell to Unison Accel, the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable is required to connect the daisy-chain cable to Unison Do not combine LGCell Main Hubs with Unison Accel Hubs in the same daisy chain Use with 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable to connect up to 21 LGCell Main Hubs to a Unison Accel Hub Also, use to connect a single LGCell Main Hub to a Unison Accel Hub Alarm Sense Adapter Cable

(PN 4024-3) Connecting Multiple Unison Accel Hubs Together 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable

(PN 4024-3) For contact alarm monitoring of major and minor alarms. Use to feed the alarms from multiple Unison Accel Hubs into a BTS or MetroReach Focus Do not combine Unison Accel Hubs with LGCell Main Hubs in the same chain. Cabling Coaxial: repeater or base station to Accel Hub Coaxial: RAU to passive antennas Cat-5/6 ScTP:

Accel Hub to RAUs Accel Hub to Cat-5 Extender to RAU Configuring System PC/laptop running AdminManager software Miscellaneous Null modem cable Straight-through cable Coax approved; N-type male connectors Use low-loss cable; SMA male connector; typical 1 m (3.3 ft) using RG142 coaxial cable TIA/EIA 568-A approved; shielded RJ-45 male connectors. ScTP cable must be screened and it must be grounded at both connector ends Tie-off cables to avoid damaging the connectors because of cable strain

Minimum: 10 meters (33 ft)

Recommended Maximum: 100 meters (328 ft)

Absolute Maximum: 150 meters (492 ft) Minimum Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to Extender 90 meters 295 feet Minimum Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Extender to RAU 20 meters 65 feet Maximum Total Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to RAU 110 to 170 meters 360 to 557 feet Refer to the AdminManager User Manual (PN 8810-10) Female connectors; Accel Hub to a PC/laptop that is running the AdminManager software; local connection Female/male connectors; Accel Hub to a modem; remote connection 6-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Table 6-2 Installation Checklist (continued)

Installation Requirement Cat-5 Extender Dual-Band Diplexer Consideration Used if Cat-5/6 run(s) exceed 100 meters Used in dual band systems to combine the output of a low-band RAU and a high-band RAU to a single dual band antenna Distances Accel Hub is within 36m (1020 ft) of connecting repeater Accel Hub is within 36m (1020 ft) of connecting base station If longer distance, determine the loss of the cable used for this connection and adjust the RF signal into the Accel Hub accordingly. This can be done by read-

justing the power from the base station, or by changing the attenuation value between the base station/repeater and the Hub 6.3.3 Tools and Materials Required Table 6-3 Tools and Materials Required for Component Installation

Description Cable ties Philips screwdriver Mounting screws and spring nuts Compressed air Screws, anchors (for mounting RAUs) Drill Fusion splicing sleeves 6.3.4 Optional Accessories Table 6-4 Optional Accessories for Component Installation

Description Wall-mount equipment rack(s) (PN 4712) Note that if using this rack with an Accel Hub, the Hubs mounting bracket must be moved to the center mounting position. Cable management (Cable manager: PN 4759; Tie wrap bar: PN 4757) Teltone Line Sharing Switch (M-394-B-01) When using a single POTS line with multiple Accel Hub/Modems: Connect up to four modems to a line sharing switch; can cascade switches to accommodate up to 16 modems per POTS line Alarm Cables:

5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3) Alarm Sense Adapter Cable (PN 4025-1) RAU Dust Cover (PN UNS-1RDP-1) PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-7 6.4 Unison Accel Installation Procedures The following procedures assume that the system is new from the factory and that it has not been programmed with a band. If you are replacing components in a pre-installed system with either new units or units that may already be programmed (i.e., re-using units from another system), refer to Section 7.

Installing an Accel Hub . 6-10 Installing an Accel Hub in a Rack . 6-10

Installing an Optional Cable Manager in the Rack . 6-11

Connecting the AdminManager PC to the Accel Hub . 6-12

Installing an Accel Hub in a Wall-Mounted Rack . 6-11

Connecting the ScTP Cables . 6-13

Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Installation . 6-14 Installing RAUs . 6-15

Installing RAUs . 6-15

Installing Passive Antennas . 6-15

Connecting the Antenna to the RAU . 6-15

Connecting the ScTP Cable . 6-16

Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During Installation . 6-16

Installing RAUs in a Dual Band System . 6-17

Connecting the Antenna to the Dual Band Diplexer . 6-18

Configuring the System . 6-20

Configuring the Installed System . 6-20

6-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A The following procedures assume that the system is installed and programmed.

Interfacing an Accel Hub to a Base Station or a Roof-top Antenna . 6-21

Connecting an Accel Hub to an In-Building Base Station . 6-21

Connecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base Stations . 6-23

Connecting an Accel Hub to a Roof-top Antenna . 6-24

Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs . 6-25

Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station . 6-25

Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base Station . 6-27

Connecting Contact Alarms to an Accel System . 6-29

Alarm Source . 6-30

Alarm Sense . 6-33

Alarm Cables . 6-34

Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options . 6-36

Direct Connection . 6-36

Modem Connection . 6-37

232 Port Expander Connection . 6-38

POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection . 6-39

Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub Connection . 6-40 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-9 6.4.1 Installing an Accel Hub CAUTION: Install Accel Hubs in indoor locations only. Installing an Accel Hub in a Rack The Accel Hub (3U high) mounts in a standard 19 in. (483 mm) equipment rack. Allow clearance of 76 mm (3 in.) front and rear, and 51 mm (2 in.) on both sides for air circulation. No top and bottom clearance is required. Consideration:

The Accel Hub is shipped with #10-32 mounting screws. Another common rack thread is #12-24. Confirm that the mounting screws match the racks threads. Insert spring nuts into rack where needed or use existing threaded holes. To install the hub in a rack:

1. 2. Place the Hub into the rack from the front. 3. Align the flange holes with the spring nuts installed in Step 1. 4. 5. Tighten the mounting screws. Insert the mounting screws in the appropriate positions in the rack. 6-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Installing an Accel Hub in a Wall-Mounted Rack Considerations:

The rack and the Accel Hub are both 305 mm (12 in.) deep. The rack mounting brackets on the Accel Hub must be moved to the center mounting position to allow for the 76 mm (3 in.) rear clearance that is required.

The maximum weight the rack can hold is 22.5 kg (50 lbs). To install the Hub in a wall-mounted rack:

1. Attach the equipment rack to the wall using the screws that are provided. The rack must be positioned so that the Hub will be in a horizontal position when it is installed. 2. Remove both of the rack mounting brackets from the Hub. 3. Reattach each of the rack mounting brackets to the opposite side of the Hub from which it came. Refer to the following figure for bracket placement. Right Rack Mounting Bracket as installed from the factory. Left Rack Mounting Bracket installed on the right side of the hub. Need new photos 3.5''

3.5''

3''

3''

4. Attach the Hub to the rack. Installing an Optional Cable Manager in the Rack

Using the screws provided, fasten the cable manager to the rack, immediately above or below the Accel Hub. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-11 Connecting the AdminManager PC to the Accel Hub Considerations:

The AdminManager software, described in the AdminManager User Manual

(PN 8810-10), must be running on a PC/laptop that is connected to the Accel Hubs front panel RS-232 port.

Null modem cable with female connectors is required. To connect the PC/laptop, start AdminManager, and power on the Hub:

1. Connect the null modem cable to the PC/laptop and then to the RS-232 port on the Hubs front panel. 2. Turn on the PC and start AdminManager. The AdminManager main window is displayed with the Installation Wizard option selected. 3. Connect the AC power cord to the Hub. 4. Plug the power cord into an AC power outlet. Verify that all cables are properly connected on the Hub. 5. Turn on the power to the Hub. Upon initial power-up, the Main Hub LEDs should blink continuously to indicate that there is no frequency band programmed into the Hub. On subsequent power ups, after a band is programmed, the LEDs will blink for five seconds as a visual check that they are functioning. 6. Click NEXT if the message displayed indicates a successful test. The Finish window is displayed. 7. Click FINISH. The AdminManager session is ended and the window is closed. NOTE: Refer to Section 8 for troubleshooting. 6.4.1.1 Installing Accel Hubs in a Multiple Operator System Installing Accel Hubs in a multiple operator system is the same as described in Section 6.4.1 on page 6-10. We recommend mounting all multiple operator system Accel Hubs in the same rack(s), grouped by frequency or wireless carrier. For example, group the Hubs for the 800 MHz cellular bands together, and so on. Connecting to base stations and repeaters is the same as described in Section 6.5 on page 6-21 and Section 6.5.1 on page 6-25. 6-12 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Connecting the ScTP Cables Consideration:

Verify that the cable has been tested and the test results are recorded. To test and connect the ScTP cable:

1. Perform cable testing. Test results are required for the final As-Built Document. Cable length:

Minimum: 10 m (33 ft) Recommended Maximum: 100 m (328 ft) Absolute Maximum: 150 m (492 ft) 2. Label both ends of each cable with which RJ-45 port youre using. 3. Connect the ScTP cables to any available RJ-45 port on the Accel Hub. The LINK and RAU LEDs should be off because the RAU is not connected. 4. Record which cable you are connecting to which port. This information is required for the As-Built Document. 5. Tie-off cables or use the optional cable manager to avoid damaging the connec-

tors because of cable strain. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-13 6.4.1.2 Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Installation

All Accel Hub LINK and RAU LEDs with RAUs connected should indicate Green/Red, which indicates that the RAU is powered on and communication has been established.

The Accel Hub STATUS LED should be Green. Table 6-5 Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Installation LED POWER State Off During Installation 1. Accel Hub power is On and no RAUs are connected LINK RAU LINK RAU STATUS STATUS 2. Accel Hub power is On and RAUs are con-

nected STATUS LINK RAU LINK RAU LEDs on but didnt blink through all states Red Off Red, after power-up blink Red from green after 90 seconds of power-up blink, cable was connected within 90 seconds of power up Red Off Off Red Off LINK RAU Green Red Action Check AC power; check that the Hub power-on switch is on;

replace the Hub. Replace the Hub. Port unusable; replace the Hub when possible. Impact Hub is not powering on. Microcontroller not reset-

ting properly; flash memory corrupted. Current sensor fault; do not use the port. Check the Cat-5/6 cable. Test the Cat-5/6 cable. If the cable tests OK, try another port. If the second ports LEDs are Red/Off, replace the RAU. If the second RAU doesnt work; replace the Accel Hub. Use AdminManager to determine the problem. Power is not getting to the RAU. Power levels to RAU are not correct; communications are not established. If the second port works, flag the first port as unusable;

replace Hub when possible. RAU is off-line. 6-14 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.4.2 Installing RAUs CAUTION: Install RAUs in indoor locations only. Do not connect an antenna that is installed in an outdoor location to an RAU. Installing RAUs Mount all RAUs in the locations marked on the floor plans. Considerations:

Install iDEN and 800 MHz cellular RAUs so that their antennas will be at least 6 to 8 meters (20 to 26 feet) apart. Separation is required to reduce signal interference between the two frequency bands.

Attach the RAU securely to a stationary object (i.e., wall, pole, ceiling tile).

For proper ventilation:

Keep at least 76 mm (3 in.) clearance around the RAU to ensure proper venting. Do not stack RAUs on top of each other.

Always mount the RAU with the unpainted face against the mounting surface. Installing Passive Antennas Refer to the manufacturers installation instructions to install passive antennas. Passive antennas are usually installed below the ceiling. If they are installed above the ceiling, the additional loss due to the ceiling material must be considered when estimating the antenna coverage area. Considerations:

Install iDEN and 800 MHz cellular RAUs so that their antennas will be at least 6 to 8 meters (20 to 26 feet) apart. Separation is required to reduce signal interference between the two frequency bands. Connecting the Antenna to the RAU Connect a passive antenna to the SMA male connector on the RAU using coaxial cable with the least amount of loss possible. CAUTION: Firmly hand-tighten the SMA female connector DO NOT over-tighten the connector. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-15 Connecting the ScTP Cable Consideration:

Verify that the cable has been tested and the test results are recorded. To connect the ScTP cable:

Connect the cable to the RJ-45 female port on the RAU. Power is supplied by the Accel Hub. Upon power up, the LEDs will blink for two seconds as a visual check that they are functioning. After the two-second test:

The LINK LED should be green indicating that it is receiving power and com-

munications from the Accel Hub.

The ALARM LED should be red until the Accel Hub issues the band command, within about 20 seconds, then it should be green. 6.4.2.1 Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During Installation

The LINK and ALARM LEDs should be green. Table 6-6 Troubleshooting RAU LEDs During Installation During Installation 1. RAU is connected to Accel Hub, which is powered on LED LINK ALARM LINK ALARM State Off Off Green Red Action Check Cat-5/6 cable.

Check Cat-5/6 cable

Check Hub LEDs See page 6-14, item 2 in Table 6-5.

Use AdminManager to determine the problem. Impact No power to RAU. RAU is off-line. LINK ALARM Red from green, after cables are connected for 60 seconds Red

Check Cat-5/6 cable

Check Hub LEDs

Use AdminManager to determine the problem. No communications between the RAU and the Hub. 6.4.2.2 Installing RAUs in a Multiple Operator System When installing both iDEN and Cellular systems in parallel, either as dual-band or multiple operator systems, special provision must be taken to assure that the individ-

ual RAUs do not interfere with each other. The 800 MHz Cellular and iDEN RAUs antennas must be separated by 6 to 8 meters (20 to 26 feet) to assure that the iDEN downlink signals do not interfere with the Cellular uplink signals. 6-16 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.4.3 Installing Dual Band RAU Configuration CAUTION: Install RAUs and diplexers in indoor locations only. Do not connect an antenna that is installed in an outdoor location. Dual band RAU configuration consists of:

1 higher band RAU

1 lower band RAU

1 Dual-Band Diplexer (PN #DIPX1-1)

2 coaxial cables, 3 ft. long (PN #4005-3) Installing RAUs in a Dual Band System A Dual-Band Diplexer is used to combine the output of a low-band RAU and a high-band RAU to a single dual band antenna. Considerations:

The Diplexer will have a high loss if it is connected incorrectly. When using it with the Unison system, incorrect connections may trigger the Antenna Disconnect alarm.

When using the Dual-Band Diplexer, the Unison system Antenna Disconnect alarm can detect if the cable is disconnected or cut between the RAU and the Diplexer. This alarm, however, cannot detect if the cable is disconnected or cut between the Diplexer and the antenna. Figure 6-1 shows the RAU configuration in a dual band system. It consists of two RAUs, one for upper band and one for lower band, a diplexer and two 3 ft. coaxial cables. Figure 6-1 Dual Band RAU Configuration 3 ft. coaxial cable Unison RAU Cat-5/6 from Accel Hub Antenna Dual Band Diplexer 3 ft. coaxial cable Unison RAU Cat-5/6 from Accel Hub PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-17 To connect the RAUs and Dual Band Diplexer for a dual band system:

1. Attach the Diplexer to a stable surface (i.e., wall, ceiling tile, pole). Do not mount the Diplexer on top of an RAU. 2. Attach the two Unison RAUs to a stable sur-

face within 2.5 ft. of the Diplexer (do not stack the RAUs on top of each other). 3. Verify that the Unison system is powered on. 4. The green LED on both of the RAUs should be lit. 5. Connect a coaxial cable to the antenna ports on each of the Unison RAUs. 6. The recommended coaxial cable (PN 4005-3) is 3 ft. long. 7. Connect the coaxial cable coming from the Unison lower band system (i.e., sys-

tem band below 1 GHZ) into the Diplexer port labeled LOWER BAND. 8. Connect the coaxial cable coming from the Unison upper band system (i.e., sys-

tem band above 1 GHZ) into the Diplexer port labeled UPPER BAND. 9. Connect a coaxial cable from the dual band antenna into the Diplexer port labeled ANTENNA. Connecting the Antenna to the Dual Band Diplexer Connect a single passive antenna to the Dual Band Diplexers Antenna SMA con-

nector using coaxial cable with the least amount of loss possible. CAUTION:Firmly hand-tighten the SMA female connector DO NOT over-tighten the connector. 6-18 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.4.4 Installing Cat-5 Extender The Cat-5 Extender (PN #UNS-EX170-1) increases the maximum length of the Cat-5/6 ScTP cable run that connects the Accel Hub to the RAU from 100 meters to 170 meters. The minimum cable length between the Hub and Extender is 90 meters and the minimum length between the Extender and RAU is 20 meters. Beyond the minimum lengths, an additional 60 meters of cable, maximum of 170 meters total, can be inserted before or after the Extender. Unison Accel Hub Cat-5/6 ScTP Cable 90 meters minimum 295 feet minimum Cat-5 Extender 170 meters maximum 557 feet maximum Cat-5/6 ScTP Cable 20 meters minimum 65 feet minimum Unison RAU Considerations:

Ensure that the following minimum and maximum cable lenghs are met:

Min. Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to Extender 90 meters 295 feet Min. Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Extender to RAU 20 meters 65 feet Max. Cat-5/6 Cable Length from Accel Hub to RAU 110 to 170 meters 360 to 557 feet To install a Cat-5 Extender:

1. Attach the Cat-5 Extender securely to a stationary object (i.e., wall, pole, ceiling tile). 2. Attach the Cat-5/6 cable that is coming from the Accel Hub to the TO UNISON SYSTEM con-

nector on the Extender. If the green LED lights on the Extender, then you have correctly connected the Cat 5/6 cable that is connected to the Accel Hub. If the LED does not light, then you may not have connected the cable at the Accel Hub. If the cable is connected and the LED still does not light, then the Unison system may not be powered on, the Cat-5 cable may be cut/broken, or there is a problem with the Extender. Verify that the Accel Hub is connected to AC power and the power switch is in the ON position. 3. Attach the Cat-5/6 cable that is coming from the RAU to the TO UNISON RAU connector on the Extender. CAUTION: Do not insert the RAU cable into the Extender until the green LED on the Extender lights. Otherwise, you may damage the RAU. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-19 6.4.5 Configuring the System Configuring the Installed System Considerations:

The AdminManager PC/laptop is connected to the Main Hub.

The AdminManager software is started.

All system components are installed and powered on. To configure an installed system:

1. Select the Installation Wizard (Local) radio button from the AdminManager main window and click RUN. The Step 1, Verify Hardware window is displayed. 2. Verify that all system devices are displayed in the System Status box and click NEXT. The Step 2, Set Operation Band window is displayed. 3. Click NEXT. The Step 3, Configure System Parameters window is displayed. 4. Enter the desired parameters and click APPLY. 5. Click NEXT if the message that is displayed indicates that the parameter setting is successful. The Step 4, Final System Test window is displayed. 6. Click APPLY to initiate the final system test. During testing the system is off-line and a center band tone is being transmitted. 7. Click NEXT if the message that is displayed indicates that the testing is successful. The Finish window is displayed. 8. Click FINISH. The AdminManager session is ended and the window closes. All of the Main Hubs LEDs should be green. 6-20 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.5 Interfacing an Accel Hub to a Base Station or a Roof-top Antenna WARNING: Exceeding the maximum input power could cause failure of the Accel Hub (refer to Section 5.1 on page 5-3 for maximum power specifications). If the maximum composite power is too high, attenua-

tion is required. Connecting an Accel Hub to an In-Building Base Station Connecting a Simplex Base Station to an Accel Hub:

1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the transmit simplex connector on the base station. 2. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the DOWNLINK connector on the Hub. 3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the receive simplex connector on the base station. 4. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK con-

nector on the Hub. Figure 6-2 Simplex Base Station to an Accel Hub Insert attenuator, if needed N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Simplex Base Station T1/E1 to Mobile Switching Center PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-21 Connecting a Duplex Base Station to an Accel Hub:

When connecting to a duplex base station, use a circulator between it and the Accel Hub. You can insert attenuators between the circulator and Hub as needed; refer to Section 5.5.1 on page 5-43 for more information. 1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the duplex connector on the base station. 2. Connect the other N-male connector to a circulator. 3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the DOWNLINK connector on the Hub. 4. Connect the other end of the N-male coaxial cable to the transmit connector on the circulator. 5. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK connector on the Hub. 6. Connect the other end of the N-male coaxial cable to the receive connector on the circulator. Figure 6-3 Duplex Base Station to an Accel Hub Insert attenuator, if needed N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Circulator N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Duplex Base Station T1/E1 to Mobile Switching Center 6-22 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Connecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base Stations You can use power combiner/splitters to connect an Accel Hub to multiple base sta-

tions, as shown in the following figure. Figure 6-4 Connecting an Accel Hub to Multiple Base Stations N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Accel Hubs Uplink Port N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Accel Hubs Downlink Port 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter Insert attenuators, if needed N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cable to Repeater or Base Station UL DL BTS 1 UL DL BTS 2 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-23 Connecting an Accel Hub to a Roof-top Antenna It is recommended that you use a lightning arrestor or surge protector in a roof-top antenna configuration. Insert the lightning arrestor or surge protector between the roof-top antenna and the repeater that is connected to the Accel Hub. 1. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the roof-top antenna. 2. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the grounded surge suppressor. 3. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the grounded surge suppressor. 4. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the repeater. 5. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the repeater. 6. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the circulator 1 connector. 7. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the circulator 2 connector. 8. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the DOWNLINK connector on the Hub. Attenuation may be required to achieve the desired RF output at the RAU. 9. Connect an N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the circulator 3 connector. 10. Connect the other end of the N-male to N-male coaxial cable to the UPLINK con-

nector on the Hub. Roof-top Antenna N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Grounded Surge Suppressor N-male to N-male Coaxial Cable Repeater Circulator N-male to N-male Coaxial Cables Attenuator

(optional) 6-24 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.5.1 Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs You can use power combiner/splitters as splitters to connect multiple Accel Hubs in order to increase the total number of RAUs in a system. You can also use power com-

biner/splitters to combine base station channels in order to increase the number of RF carriers the system transports. Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station Considerations:

2 hybrid power combiner/splitters; one for uplink and one for downlink (2x1 for two Accel Hubs, 3x1 for three, 4x1 for four, etc.)

1 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable between each power combiner/splitter and the base station

2 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cables between each power combiner/splitter and each Accel Hub Procedure:

1. Connect the power combiner/splitters to the repeater or base station using N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cables:

b. From the first power combiner/splitter to the repeater or base station c. From the second power combiner/splitter to the repeater or base station 2. Connect the power combiner/splitters to the Hubs:

a. From the first Hubs UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitter b. From the first Hubs DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitter c. From the second Hubs UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitter d. From the second Hubs DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitter 3. Check Hub LEDs. After connecting and powering on the Hub, check all LEDs to ensure that the sys-

tem is operating properly. NOTE: Use a 50 ohm terminator on any unused power combiner/splitter ports. The following figure shows connecting two Hubs to a simplex repeater or base sta-

tion. Connecting two Hubs increases the total number of supportable RAUs from 8 to 16. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-25 Figure 6-5 Connecting Two Accel Hubs to a Simplex Repeater or Base Station N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Accel Hubs Downlink Port N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Accel Hubs Uplink Port 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cable to Repeater or Base Station N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cable to Repeater or Base Station 6-26 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Connecting Multiple Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base Station Considerations:

2 hybrid power combiner/splitters; one for uplink and one for downlink (2x1 for two Accel Hubs, 3x1 for three, 4x1 for four, etc.)

2 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cables to connect each Accel Hub to the power combiner/splitters

1 circulator

1 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable between each circulator and the repeater or base station

1 N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable1 between each circulator and power combiner/splitter Procedure:

1. Connect the Circulator to the power combiner/splitters and to the repeater or base station using one N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable. 2. Connect each power combiner/splitter to the circulator using one N-male to N-male coaxial jumper cable. 3. Connect the power combiner/splitter to the Hubs:

a. From the first Hubs UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitter b. From the first Hubs DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitter c. From the second Hubs UPLINK port to the first power combiner/splitter d. From the second Hubs DOWNLINK port to the second power combiner/splitter 4. Check Hub LEDs. After connecting and powering on the Hub, check all LEDs to ensure that the sys-

tem is operating properly. NOTE: Use a 50 ohm terminator on any unused power combiner/splitter ports. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-27 To connect two Hubs to a duplex repeater or base station, you need to use one circu-

lator and one more coaxial jumper cable, as shown in the following figure. Figure 6-6 Connecting Two Accel Hubs to a Duplex Repeater or Base Station N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Accel Hubs Downlink Port N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cables between Combiner/Splitter and Accel Hubs Uplink Port 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter 2 x 1 Power Combiner/Splitter Coaxial Jumper Cable N-male to N-male Coaxial Jumper Cable N-male to N-male Insert attenuator, if needed Circulator Base Station to Repeater or Coaxial Jumper Cable N-male to N-male 6-28 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.6 Connecting Contact Alarms to an Accel System The Accel Hub can generate (source) two contact alarms as well as sense an external contact alarm.

Alarm Source (see Section 6.6.1 on page 6-30) The Accel Hub has two alarm contacts, fault (major) and warning (minor). These contact are normally-closed (NC) and will open when an internal alarm is detected.

Fault is activated when any faults or disconnects are detected.

Warning is activated when any warning conditions are detected except lockout or when the end-to-end system test is not valid.

Alarm Sense (see Section 6.6.2 on page 6-33) The Accel Hub can monitor an external alarm contact. The port can be configured for normally-open (NO) or normally-closed (NC) contacts. The interface expects a set of floating contacts, and an external voltage source is not required for this inter-

face. AdminManager is used to monitor the port status. The following table lists the alarm types, equipment that Accel is connected to, cable(s) used, and the errors (major and/or minor) that are detected. Alarm Type Source Source Unison connected to MetroReach BTS Sense LGCell Cable(s) Used Errors Detected 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Faults 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Faults and Warnings In addition, a custom daisy-chain cable-to-BTS interface cable is required. Make this interface cable to the desired length and with the appropriate pin placement. 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable and the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable Faults Note that LGCell and MetroReach Focus support only faults (major errors). Do not mix LGCell and Unison Accel Hubs in the same daisy-chain. You can daisy-chain multiple LGCell Main Hubs together and use the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable to connect the chain to a Unison Accel Hub, which will act as an alarm sensor. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-29 6.6.1 Alarm Source Unison always acts an alarm source, no matter what type of equipment you are con-

necting to. Refer to Section 6.6.2 on page 6-33 if you want Unison Accel to sense LGCell contact closures or other external alarms. Using MetroReach Focus to Monitor Unison Accel When you connect MetroReach Focus to Unison Accel, the Unison Accel Hub is the output of the alarms (alarm source) and Focus is the input (alarm sense), as shown in the following figure. Focus supports only faults (major errors). Figure 6-7 Connecting MetroReach to Unison Accel 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable MetroReach Focus RFM RF OUT DOWNLINK RF IN UPLINK FIBER UPLINK DOWNLINK ALARM RS-232C May need 9-pin Adapter, which ships with the cable Alarm Sense Unison Accel Hub Alarm Source Alarm Source 6-30 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Using a Base Station to Monitor Unison Accel When you connect a BTS to Unison Accel, the Unison Accel Hub is the output of the alarms (alarm source) and the BTS is the input (alarm sense), as shown in the follow-

ing figure. An interface cable is required between the daisy-chain cable and the BTS. Because BTS alarm interface pinouts and Accel-to-BTS distances vary, this cable often is custom and wired on-site. Figure 6-8 Using a BTS to Monitor Unison Accel Unison Accel Hub 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Alarm Sense Interface Cable BTS Alarm Source Alarm Source PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-31 Using a Base Station and AdminManager to Monitor Unison Accel In order to take full advantage of Unison Accels OA&M capabilities you can use LGC Wireless AdminManager software in addition to a BTS to monitor the system, as shown in Figure 6-9. Figure 6-9 Using a BTS and AdminManager to Monitor Unison Accel Unison Accel Hub 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Alarm Sense Interface Cable BTS Alarm Source Alarm Source Straight-through modem cable connected to Accel Hubs front panel serial port Modem PSTN Modem PC running AdminManager Software 6-32 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.6.2 Alarm Sense Use AdminManager to enable the Unison Accel system for alarm sense when con-

necting to the contact closure of LGCell Main Hubs or other external alarms (see Set Contact Sense Properties in the AdminManager User Manual). Using Unison Accel to Monitor LGCells When you connect LGCell to Unison Accel, the Unison Accel Hub is the input of the alarms (alarm sense) and the LGCell is the output (alarm source), as shown in the fol-

lowing figure. Figure 6-10 Connecting LGCell to Unison Accel Unison Accel Hub Alarm Sense Adapter Cable Alarm Sense 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Up to 5 LGCell Main Hubs Alarm Source Alarm Source LGCell supports only faults (major errors). You must use the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable (see page 6-35) to interface the daisy-chain cable to Unison Accel. The adapter cable is required because it translates the LGCell fault pinout to the sense input pins on the Unison Accel Hub. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-33 6.6.3 Alarm Cables 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable Figure 6-11 shows the 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable (PN 4024-3), which supports fault and warning conditions (i.e., major and minor errors). Figure 6-11 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable 1.2 meters (4 feet) DB-9 female to Base Station, MetroReach Focus, ARM2000-RU, or the Alarm Sense Adapter Cable when connecting LGCell to Unison 7 9 4 5 J1 Female NOTE: Do not daisy-chain Unison Accel Hubs with LGCell or MetroReach if you want both faults and warnings from Unison. Only faults are reported if you combine Unison Accel with LGCell or MetroReach in the same daisy chain. 5 meter

(1.5 feet)

.5 meter

(1.5 feet)

.5 meter

(1.5 feet)

.5 meter

(1.5 feet)

.25 meter

(.75 feet) 7 Splice 9 4 Splice 5 7 Splice 9 4 Splice 5 7 Splice 9 4 Splice 5 7 Splice 9 4 Splice 5 7 9 4 5 7 4 J2 Male J3 Male J4 Male J5 Male J6 Male J7 Female Terminator DB-9 male to Unison, MetroReach Focus, or LGCell Alarm Port Connector Hood DB-9 male to Unison, MetroReach Focus, or LGCell Alarm Port DB-9 male to Unison, MetroReach Focus, or LGCell Alarm Port DB-9 male to Unison, MetroReach Focus, or LGCell Alarm Port Option 1: DB-9 to Unison, MetroReach Focus, or LGCell Alarm Port. J7 not used Option 2: Use J2-J5 for alarm ports. J6 is used to connect to an additional Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable. J7 is not used. Option 3: Connect fewer than 5 ports and terminate the daisy chain by connecting J7 to the lowest unused port. 6-34 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Alarm Sense Adapter Cable The alarm sense adapter cable (PN 4025-1) translates the LGCell fault pinout to the sense input pins on the Unison Accel Hub. You must use this adapter cable, as illus-

trated in Figure 6-12, with the 5-port Alarm Daisy-Chain Cable when connecting LGCell to Unison. Figure 6-12 Alarm Sense Adapter Cable To Unison Accel 1 8 J 8 3 feet To Daisy-Chain Cable 9 J 7 9 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-35 6.7 Alarm Monitoring Connectivity Options The following connectivity options are described here:

Section 6.7.1 Direct Connection . 6-36

Section 6.7.2 Modem Connection . 6-37

Section 6.7.3 232 Port Expander Connection . 6-38

Section 6.7.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection . 6-39

Section 6.7.5 Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub Connection . 6-40 Note that the only accessory that is available through LGC Wireless is the DB-9 to DB-9 null modem cable, which is provided with AdminManager. 6.7.1 Direct Connection In this configuration, the AdminManager PC connects directly to the RS-232 serial port on the Accel Hubs front panel using a null modem cable. Figure 6-13 OA&M Direct Connection PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 3 PORT 4 PORT 5 PORT 6 PORT 7 PORT 8 LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU POWER STATUS RS-232 InterReach Unison Accel POWER Null Modem Cable PC running AdminManager Software NOTE: The null modem cable must support full hardware handshaking. See Appendix A.4 on page A-4 for cable wiring information. 6-36 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.7.2 Modem Connection In this configuration, the PC and the Accel Hub connect to modems and communicate via a standard dial-up telephone connection. Figure 6-14 OA&M Modem Connection PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 3 PORT 4 PORT 5 PORT 6 PORT 7 PORT 8 LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU POWER STATUS InterReach Unison Accel POWER RS-232 Straight-through modem cable Modem PSTN Modem Straight-through modem cable PC running AdminManager Software NOTE: See Appendix A.3 on page A-3 for the modem cable wiring information. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-37 6.7.3 232 Port Expander Connection In this configuration a port expander is used to allow the connection of multiple devices to a single PC serial port. Testing was performed with an Equinox SST-16P Multiport Board. A DB-25 male to DB-9 female modem cable must be made to con-

nect the connector panel to the Accel Hub (refer to Appendix A.5 on page A-5). Or, you can use a DB-25 male/DB-9 male adapter with a DB-9 female to DB-9 female null modem cable. Figure 6-15 OA&M Connection using a 232 Port Expander PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 3 PORT 4 PORT 5 PORT 6 PORT 7 PORT 8 LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU POWER STATUS InterReach Unison Accel POWER RS-232 Modem Cable DB-25 male to DB-9 female 232 Port Expander Connector Panel Host Cable Serial Expansion Card to Connector Panel NOTE: See Appendix A.5 on page A-5 for the modem cable wiring information. PC running AdminManager Software 6-38 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 6.7.4 POTS Line Sharing Switch Connection Using a line sharing switch you can connect up to four modems to a single telephone line. Testing was performed with a Teltone Line Sharing Switch, model number M-394-B-01. Figure 6-16 OA&M Connection using a POTS Line Sharing Switch Straight-through modem cable Modem PSTN Line Sharing Switch Modem Up to 4 modems per Switch Modem Straight-through modem cable PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 3 PORT 4 PORT 5 PORT 6 PORT 7 PORT 8 LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU POWER STATUS InterReach Unison Accel Up to 16 modems can be monitored using a single telephone line by cascading line sharing switches, as shown in Figure 6-17. Figure 6-17 Cascading Line Sharing Switches Straight-through modem cable Modem PSTN Line Sharing Switch PC running AdminManager Software PC running AdminManager Software Line Sharing Switch Line Sharing Switch Line Sharing Switch Line Sharing Switch Straight-

through modem cables M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m M o d e m PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 6-39 6.7.5 Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub Connection An Ethernet-to-RS-232 serial hub or converter box can be used to communicate between the PC and Unison Accel. Testing was performed with an Equinox SST Ethernet Serial Provider. Figure 6-18 OA&M Connection using Ethernet and ENET/232 Serial Hub PORT 1 PORT 2 PORT 3 PORT 4 PORT 5 PORT 6 PORT 7 PORT 8 LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU LINK RAU POWER STATUS InterReach Unison Accel POWER RS-232 Modem Cable RJ-45 to DB-9 female ENET/232 Serial Hub Cat-5 TCP/IP Ethernet PC running AdminManager Software 6-40 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 7 Replacing Unison Accel Components in an Operational System 7.1 Replacing an RAU Be aware that the new RAU must be the same band as the one you are replacing. If you replace an RAU with one that is of the wrong band, it will not work. The Accel Hub automatically checks the band of a replaced RAU. There is no need to issue commands directly from the Hub. Therefore, as long as the RAU is of the cor-

rect band, the system will operate properly. Replacing an RAU 1. Use AdminManager or refer to the As-Built Document to review the current RAUs configuration. To use AdminManager:

a. Select Get Unit Info command from the Configuration and Maintenance Panel. The Options dialog box is displayed (see Get Unit Info in the AdminManager User Manual, PN 8810-10). b. Select Remote Access Unit radio button. c. Enter the hierarchy of the RAU in the text box. For example, for RAU number 4 that is connected to Expan-

sion Hub number 1, enter 1-4. d. Click OK. Information for the RAU is displayed in the Configuration and Maintenance Panel window. Install the new RAU. 5. Disconnect the Cat-5/6 cable and antenna from the unit to be replaced. 6. 7. Connect the antenna and then the Cat-5/6 cable to the new RAU. 8. Repeat Step 1 to verify that the new RAU is of the same frequency band as the one replaced. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 7-1 AdminManager Tasks

Use the Advanced RAU Settings option on the Configuration & Maintenance panel to set the RAUs 10 dB attenuation and UL ALC settings.

When convenient, perform System Test to optimize performance. During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. Checking the RAUs LEDs 1. The RAUs LINK and ALARM LEDs should blink (green/red) on power up.

If the LEDs do not blink on power up, replace the RAU. 2. After several seconds both LEDs should change to green, which indicates that the unit has been successfully replaced, there is communication with the Hub, and the RAU band is correct. a. If the LINK LED remains green and the ALARM LED remains red, verify that the RAU model is correct for the intended frequency band. Disconnect the cable and then reconnect it once; doing this more than once will not change the result. b. c. If both LEDs still dont change to green, use the AdminManager to determine the exact nature of the fault and see a recommendation of how to correct it. If both LEDs turn red (after 45 seconds), the Hub has terminated communica-

tions. 7-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 7.2 Replacing an Accel Hub You must record the system configuration settings from the old Accel Hubs memory before replacing the unit (see Get System Configuration Settings below). You will program the new Hub with this information. If the Hub is programmed incorrectly, the system will not work. If the Hub is not functioning, get the configuration settings from the As-Built Document that was created as part of the original installation. Get System Configuration Settings 1. Connect the null modem cable to the PC/laptop and the Accel Hub. 2. Start the AdminManager software. 3. Select the Configuration & Maintenance Panel option from the AdminManager main window. 4. Click the SAVE CONFIG button. The Save Configuration Notes dialog box is displayed. 5. Type any notes you want to save with the configuration settings into the dialog box and click OK. The configuration settings are saved in a text file, for example:

Begin Notes *******************************************

LGC HQ 05/23/01 MH configuration L010MH11 System configuration End Notes *********************************************

Frequency Band is DCS Low. System Gain: UL = 12 dB, DL = 4 dB. Callback Number is 1234567. System label is LGC. Changes for Accel Main Hub Information:

Serial Number: L010BMH1 Part Number: 7405101 Revision Number: 03 Firmware Revision: 010526 Expansion Hub LGC-1 Information:

Serial Number: L010BEH9 Part Number: 7405101 Revision Number: 03 Firmware Revision: 010513 RAU LGC-1-5 Information:

Serial Number: L010BRU1 Part Number: 7405101 Revision Number: 03 Firmware Revision: 010021 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-3 Replacing an Accel Hub 1. Turn off the power to the Accel Hub. 2. Disconnect all cables and the AC power cord. 3. Replace the Hub with a new one. 4. Connect the AC power cord and all cables remembering to clean and correctly connect the uplink and downlink cables. 5. Connect the null modem cable to the PC and then to the Hubs front panel DB-9 serial connector. 6. Start the AdminManager software. 7. Select the Installation Wizard option from the AdminManager main window. 8. Turn on the power to the Hub. 9. Observe the LEDs after turning on the power. If there is no band programmed in the Hub, the LEDs will blink continuously and there is no communication with connected Expansion Hubs or their RAUs. If there is a band programmed, the LEDs blink for a 5-second test. The programmed band is then issued to all Expansion Hubs and their RAUs, and a system test is performed. It can take up to 1.5 minutes to complete the test. During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. AdminManager Tasks

Use the Installation Wizard to:

Set the Operation Band

Use the Configuration & Maintenance panel to:

Set Callback Number

Set Contact Sense Properties

Set System Parameters

Perform System Test During System Test, the entire system is temporarily off-line and no RF is being transmitted. Always perform the system test if the band was changed. 7-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Checking the Accel Hubs LEDs

The LEDs should blink through a 5-second test on power up.

If the LEDs do not blink on power up, replace the Hub. If the LEDs do not illuminate at all, make sure the AC power cable is con-

nected. If the LEDs blink continuously, there is no band programmed in the Hub and there is no communication with connected RAUs.

For each Cat-5/6 port that has a connected RAU:

The LINK LED should be green.

The RAU LED should be green indicating the RAU is functioning

Refer to Section 8.3, Troubleshooting, on page 8-2 for more LED states. NOTE: Use the AdminManager softwares Configuration & Maintenance panel to isolate system problems. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 7-5 7-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A SECTION 8 Maintenance, Troubleshooting, and Technical Assistance There are no user-serviceable parts in any of the Unison components. Faulty or failed components are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless. Address 2540 Junction Avenue San Jose, California 95134-1902 USA 1-408-952-2400 1-408-952-2410 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

+1-408-952-2400 (International) http://www.lgcwireless.com service@lgcwireless.com Phone Fax Help Hot Line Web Address e-mail 8.1 Service There are no user-serviceable parts in the Unison Accel system. All units should be replaced and returned to the factory for service if needed. 8.2 Maintenance No periodic maintenance of the Unison Accel equipment is required. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual 8-1 8.3 Troubleshooting NOTE: Unison has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless. Sources of potential problems include:

Faulty cabling/connector

Malfunction of one or more Unison Accel components

Antenna, base station, or repeater problem

External RF interface

Tripped circuit breaker

Using a Null modem cable that does not support full hardware handshaking when using AdminManager NOTE: Faulty cabling is the cause of a vast majority of problems. All Cat-5/6 cable should be tested to TIA/EIA 568-A specifications. You must use AdminManager for troubleshooting the system, only use the LEDs as backup or for confirmation. However, if there are communication problems within the system, the LEDs may provide additional information that is not available using AdminManager. The only problem that is indicated solely by the LEDs is when a band is not programed in the Accel Hub. In that case, the LEDs flash continuously, beyond the normal system check flashing upon power up. If you cannot determine the cause of a problem after following the recommended pro-

cedures, call LGC Wireless customer help hot line:

1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

+1-408-952-2400 (International) 8-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 8.3.1 Troubleshooting using AdminManager To begin troubleshooting, use AdminManager software to determine the current faults and warnings for all of the units in the system. To troubleshoot, start with the Accel Hubs faults and warnings, then proceed to each of the RAUs. 8.3.1.1 Fault Indications Once all of the units are powered on and the cable connections are made, the faults from each unit can be requested using AdminManager. Start with the Accel Hub and work downstream. Resolve all faults first and then check the warnings. Take appropriate action to resolve the faults, as indicated in the following tables. In cases where there is more than one possible cause, they are listed from the most likely to the least likely cause. Actions are listed in the order that they should be performed; not all actions may need to be done. NOTE: If you have a red STATUS LED without a fault message, it probably indicates that the unit is locked out. Faults Reported by the Accel Hub Table 8-1 Faults Reported by the Accel Hub Fault Message &

Icon Accel Hub Faults Hardware failure LED State STATUS Red Possible Causes Action Internal hard-

ware failure. Replace the Hub. Frequency band not programmed All LEDs

(except POWER) Continuous blinking Factory default. Program the frequency band using AdminManagers Installation Wiz-

ard. Failed to per-

form system test STATUS Red Internal failure. Replace the Hub when possible. Impact System off-line. System off-line. Degraded performance. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-3 Table 8-1 Faults Reported by the Accel Hub (continued) Fault Message &

Icon Accel is over temperature LED STATUS State Red Possible Causes Fan failure RAUn uplink AGC failure LINK RAU STATUS Green Green Red RAUn downlink port failure STATUS Red RAU Faults RAUn discon-

nected and LINK RAU Red Off No communica-

tion with RAUn LINK RAU Red Off and Cat-5/6 cable length. Cat-5/6 cable failure. Hub uplink port failure or RAU failure. Hub internal fail-

ure. Hub internal fail-

ure. RAU was con-

nected and is now discon-

nected. Cat-5/6 cable failure. RAU internal failure or Accel Hub port bad. Cat-5/6 cable failure. RAU internal failure. or Accel Hub port failure. Action Use AdminManager to check Hub status. Check the Hub fan for rotation, air flow blockage, dust. If fan is not operating, replace the Hub. Check Cat-5/6 cable length. Check Cat-5/6 cable for shorts or opens. Move RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU. If no fault, flag previous port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible. If more than one RAU connected to the same Hub reports this failure, replace the Hub. Move the RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the Hub. If no fault, flag previous port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible. If RAUn is disconnected, reconnect it or use AdminManagers Clear All Disconnect Status command to clear the disconnect fault. Check Cat-5/6 cable for shorts or opens. Move the RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU. If no fault, flag previous port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible. Verify that the Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens. Move the RAU cables to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU; otherwise, the Hub port is bad, mark the port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible. Impact Hub and con-

nected RAUs off-line. Degraded performance. Degraded performance. RAUn is off-line. Degraded performance or RAUn is off-line. 8-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Table 8-1 Faults Reported by the Accel Hub (continued) Fault Message &

Icon RAUn over current and LED LINK RAU State Green Red Possible Causes Cat-5/6 cable failure. RAU internal failure. Impact RAUn is off-line. Action Verify Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens. Move RAU to another port. If fault persists, replace the RAU. If no fault reported, remove the RAU, power cycle the Hub, connect known good RAU to port. If fault reported, replace the Hub. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-5 Remote Access Unit Faults Table 8-2 Remote Access Unit Faults Fault Message Hardware failure Frequency band not programmed RAU is over temperature Power supplied by Accel Hub is too low LED ALARM ALARM State Red Red ALARM Red Possible Causes Internal hardware failure. Wrong version of RAU for frequency band desired. Ambient temperature above maximum. ALARM Red Cat-5/6 cable failure. RAU internal failure. or Accel Hub port failure. Accel Hub internal failure. Downlink pilot failure ALARM Red Cat-5/6 cable failure. RAU internal failure. or Accel Hub port failure. Accel Hub internal failure. Impact RAU is off-line. RAU is off-line. RAU is off-line. RAU is off-line. Degraded perfor-

mance or RAU is off-line. Action Replace the RAU. Replace the RAU if not valid for desired frequency band. Check environmental controls;

move the RAU to cooler envi-

ronment. Verify Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens. Move the RAU cable to another Hub port. If fault persists, replace the RAU; otherwise, the Hub port is bad, mark the port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible. If more than one RAU con-

nected to the same Hub reports this failure, replace the Hub. Verify that the Cat-5/6 cable has no shorts or opens. Verify maximum Cat-5/6 cable length of 150 meters. Verify minimum Cat-5/6 cable length of 10 meters. Move the RAU cable to another Hub port. If fault persists, replace the RAU; otherwise, the Hub port is bad, mark the port as unusable and replace the Hub when possible. If more than one RAU con-

nected to the same Hub reports this failure, replace the Hub. 8-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 8.3.1.2 Warning Indications Warnings alert you to conditions that indicate potential system failure. Warnings are displayed in the Messages pane in red lettering. Before addressing warnings, ensure that all faults are resolved. Take appropriate action to resolve the warnings, as indicated in the following tables. Accel Hub Warnings Table 8-3 Accel Hub Warnings Warning Message Temperature is high Input signal above lim-

iter Action Check room environmental controls. Reduce input signal strength. Impact Potential Hub failure. Can only occur for DCS, GSM, or UMTS configurations Remote Access Unit Warnings Table 8-4 Remote Access Unit Warnings Warning Message Temperature is high Power amplifier is fail-

ing Action Move the RAU to cooler environment. Replace the RAU when possible. Impact Potential RAU failure. Potential RAU failure. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-7 8.3.1.3 Status Messages Status messages alert you to conditions that may impact system performance. Status messages are displayed in the Messages pane in blue lettering. NOTE: The icons displayed in the system status tree assume that there are no other faults, warnings, or status present. Accel Hub Status Messages Table 8-5 Accel Hub Status Messages Icon Action Command unit into service using Admin-

Manager. Check Hubs and RAUs for faults and warnings. Check RAUs for warnings. Impact System is off-line. Degraded system performance. Degraded system performance. Replace Hub when possible. Degraded system performance. Check the Hub fans for rotation, air flow blockage, dust Use AdminManager to check Hub status. If fans are not operating, replace the Hub. Check that the Cat-5/6 cable does not exceed the recommended maximum length. Use AdminManager to check Hub faults and replace Hub as required. Perform system test. Temperature may rise to fault level result-

ing in the Hub and connected RAUs being off-line. Degraded system performance. Connected RAUs are off-line. Message Commanded out of ser-

vice Unable to perform sys-

tem test on power up RAU reports a warning status Unable to perform sys-

tem end-to-end test Fann failure Cat-5/6 cable is longer than recommended maxi-

mum Commanded Fault Lock-

out 8-8 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Remote Access Unit Status Messages Table 8-6 Remote Access Unit Status Messages Message DC voltage is low Cat-5/6 cable is longer than recommended maxi-

mum Unit not system tested Antenna disconnected RAU Commanded Out-of-Service Commanded Fault Lock-

out Power supplied by Accel Hub is too high System test uplink failure Icon Action Check the Cat-5/6 cable for shorts and opens. Replace the RAU when possible. Check that the Cat-5/6 cable does not exceed the recommended maximum length. Use AdminManager to command System Test. Note that the system will be off-line for 30 seconds during test. Check that the antenna is connected to the RAU; check coax cable between RAU and antenna. Command unit into service using Admin-

Manager. Use AdminManager to check Hub faults and and replace Hub as required. Check the Cat-5/6 cable for opens and shorts. Move RAU cable to another Hub port. Replace RAU when possible. Unable to complete system test. Impact Unreliable operation. Degraded system performance. System not operating at optimum perfor-

mance. Antenna may be disconnected. If it is con-

nected, then the antenna/cable measure higher return loss than optimum configu-

ration. RAU is off-line. RAU is off-line. Unreliable operation. Degraded system performance. Cant calibrate downlink Unable to complete system test. Degraded system performance. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-9 8.3.2 Troubleshooting using LEDs The following troubleshooting guide is from the perspective that all Unison Accel equipment is installed, their cables are connected, and they are powered on; it is assumed that the system was operating normally before the problem to be diagnosed occurred. (Refer to Section 6 for information on troubleshooting during initial instal-

lation of the system.) Always use AdminManager, if possible, to troubleshoot the system. The Hub LEDs are for backup troubleshooting. The RAU LEDs probably will not provide additional information for troubleshooting. 8-10 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 8.3.2.1 Troubleshooting Accel Hub LEDs During Normal Operation

All of the Accel Hubs LINK and RAU LEDs that have RAUs connected should be Green/Green, indicating that the RAU is powered on, communication is estab-

lished, and operation is normal.

The POWER and STATUS LEDs should all be Green. Table 8-7 Troubleshooting Accel Hub Port LEDs During Normal Operation During Normal Operation RAU is not connected Accel Hub Port LEDs LINK RAU State Red Off RAU is connected LINK RAU LINK RAU Red Off Green Red Action If the RAU was disconnected acci-

dentally, re-connect the Cat-5/6 cable. The Hubs port LEDs should change to Green/Red (then Green/Green, after 20 seconds, if the Hub is connected and has band pro-

grammed). Use AdminManager to calibrate sys-

tem when possible to achieve the best performance. Use AdminManagers Clear All Disconnect Status command if you are permanently removing the RAU from service. The Hubs port LEDs should change to Off/Off. Disconnect/reconnect the Cat-5/6 cable to force power-on reset to the RAU. If the port LEDs remain Red/Off, check for the exact cause of Hub faults using AdminManager. RAU reports a fault condition; check for the exact cause of Hub and RAU faults using AdminManager. Impact RAU was previously connected, but it is not currently connected; RAU cable is disconnected. Lost communications with the RAU. The RAU could have powered down due to over current; cable could have been damaged. Depends on the fault condition. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-11 Table 8-8 Troubleshooting Accel Hub Status LEDs During Normal Operation During Normal Operation At Any Time Accel Hub Status LEDs STATUS State Red STATUS Alternating Red/Green Action Use AdminManager to determine the exact cause of the fault. Power cycle one time. If fault remains, replace the Hub. Use AdminManager to check if the Hub is commanded Out-of-Service

(every Hub PORT LED will be red as well). A power cycle will not clear a com-

manded Out-of-Serivce, you must use AdminManager to clear this state. Reduce input signal power; reduce system gain. Impact Internal Hub fault. Main Hub and all downstream units are off-line. Signal compression. 8-12 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 8.4 Troublshooting Cat-5/6 Refer to Table A-1 on page A-1 for a description of the Cat-5/6 wire assignments. The following table summarizes Cat-5/6 problems if a wire is cut or miswired. Table 8-9 Summary of Cat-5/6 Cable Wiring Problems Type of problem Wire 1 or 2 cut Message None Wire 3 or 6 cut

No communication with RAUn Wire 4 or 5 cut

RAUn uplink AGC failure

Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended Wire 7 or 8 cut

Downlink pilot failure Wire 1 to RJ-45 pin 3 or 6 Wire 1 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8 Wire 2 to RJ-45 pin 3 or 6 Wire 2 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8 Wire 3 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8 Wire 6 to RJ-45 pin 4, 5, 7 or 8 Wire 4 to RJ-45 pin 7 or 8

Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended

No communication with RAUn

RAUn over current

No communication with RAUn

RAUn over current

No communication with RAUn

No communication with RAUn

RAUn uplink AGC failure

Downlink pilot failure

Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended Icon Impact High phase noise, degraded signal on both Downlink and Uplink (high bit error rate) RAU unable to communicate with Hub, degraded performance or RAU off-line Increased ripple in the uplink path, decreased UL gain, or no UL gain Increased ripple in the downlink path, RAU off-line RAU unable to communicate with Hub, RAUs RS-485 port damaged, degraded performance or RAU off-line RAU will not power on. RAU unable to communicate with Hub, RAUs RS-485 port damaged, degraded performance or RAU off-line RAU will not power on RAU unable to communicate with Hub, degraded performance or RAU off-line RAU unable to communicate with Hub, degraded performance or RAU off-line Increased ripple in the downlink and uplink path, degraded performance or RAU off-line PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-13 Table 8-9 Summary of Cat-5/6 Cable Wiring Problems (continued) Type of problem Wire 5 to RJ-45 pin 7 or 8 Message

RAUn uplink AGC failure

Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended

Downlink pilot failure

Cat-5/6 cable between RAUn and Hub is longer than recommended Icon Impact Increased ripple in the downlink and uplink path, degraded performance or RAU off-line 8-14 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A 8.5 Technical Assistance Call our help hot line for technical assistance:

1-800-530-9960 (U.S. only)

+1-408-952-2400 (International) Leave your name and phone number and an LGC Wireless customer service repre-

sentative will return your call within an hour. Be prepared to provide the following information when you receive the return call:

Company name

End user name

Type of system, model number, frequency

Approximate time in service (warranty), sales order number

Description of problem

LED status

AdminManager faults, warnings, and status messages PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 8-15 8-16 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A APPENDIX A Cables and Connectors A.1 Cat-5/6 Cable (ScTP)

Connects the Accel Hub to the RAU(s)

Transmits (downlink) and receives (uplink) IF signals

Delivers DC electrical power to the RAUs. The Accel Hubs DC voltage output is 36V DC nominal. A current limiting circuit is used to protect the Hub if it reaches its current limit

Carries configuration and status information

Use shielded RJ-45 connectors

Distances:

Minimum: 10 meters (33 ft)

Recommended Maximum: 100 meters (328 ft)

Absolute Maximum: 150 meters (492 ft) There are four separate twisted pairs in one Cat-5/6 screened twisted pair (ScTP) cable. The ScTP cable loss described in this document is for Cat-5 Mohawk/CDT 55986 or Belden 1624P DataTwist Five cable, or equivalent. The following table lists the functional assignment of the pairs:

Table A-1 Cat-5/6 Twisted Pair Assignment Pair (wire number) 1 & 2 3 & 6 4 & 5 7 & 8 Function Clock and Input Voltage RS-485 Uplink IF, UL Pilot and Ground Downlink IF, DL Pilot and Ground PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual A-1 All Cat-5/6 cable must be terminated according to the TIA/EIA 568-A standard. The following diagram shows the top view of the wiring map for the cable and how the four pairs should be terminated. Figure A-1 Wiring Map for Cat-5/6 Cable 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 GG R B W O W LO B W R B W L B

Green/

White Green Orange/

White Blue Blue/

White Orange Brown/

White Brown RJ-45 Port The nominal DC impedance of the Cat-5/6 cable is 0.08 ohm/meter and the nominal RF impedance is 100 ohm. NOTE: Be sure to test cable termination before installing the cable. NOTE: Mohawk/CDT 55986 or Belden 1624P DataTwist Five ScTP cable, or equivalent is required. In order to meet FCC and CE Mark emissions requirements, the Cat-5/6 cable must be screened (ScTP) and it must be grounded to the units at both ends using shielded RJ-45 connectors. A.2 Coaxial Cable

Connects an Accel Hub to a repeater or base station (N-type connectors)

Connects an RAU to a passive antenna (SMA connectors) A-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A A.3 Standard Modem Cable

Connects a modem to the Accel Hubs front panel serial port Figure A-2 Standard Modem Cable Pinout DB-9 DB-25 Connector Connector Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Pin 8 3 2 20 7 6 4 5 22 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 A-3 A.4 DB-9 to DB-9 Null Modem Cable A DB-9 female to DB-9 female null modem cable is used to connect the AdminMan-

ager PC to an Accel Hub. A cable is included with AdminManager. Table A-2 lists the cable pinout and Figure A-3 shows a diagram of its wiring. Table A-2 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Pinout From P1-4 P1-6 P1-3 P1-2 P1-5 P1-7 P1-8 P1-9 Signal DTR DSR TXD RXD GND RTS CTS N/C To P2-6, P2-1 P1-1, P2-4 P2-2 P2-3 P2-5 P2-8 P2-7 N/C Signal DSR, DCD DCD, DTR RXD TXD GND CTS RTS N/C Figure A-3 DB-9 Female to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Diagram DB-9 Connector Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 DB-9 Connector Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Note that for each DB-9 connector, pins 1 and 6 are tied together and sent to pin 4 of the opposite connector; thus, providing the required handshake signals. A-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A A.5 DB-25 to DB-9 Null Modem Cable A DB-25 male to DB-9 female Null modem cable is used to connect a 232 Port Expander to an Accel Hub. Table A-3 lists the pinout of the cable and Figure A-4 shows a diagram of its wiring. Table A-3 DB-25 Male to DB-9 Female Null Modem Cable Pinout 25-Pin 20 2 3 6,8 7 5 4 Signal DTR TX RX DSR, DCD GND CTS RTS 9-Pin 1, 6 2 3 4 5 7 8 Signal DSR, DCD RX TX DTR GND RTS CTS Figure A-4 DB-25 Male to DB-9 Female Null Modem Modem Cable Diagram DB-25 Male Connector Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 20 DB-9 Female Connector Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 A-5 A-6 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A APPENDIX B InterReach Unison Accel Property Sheet Use the InterReach Unison Accel Property Sheet, which is provided on the following page, to document a system configuration. The completed form can be used for future reference when the system is being maintained or components are added or exchanged. An example of a completed form is shown below. InterReach Unison Accel Property Sheet Installer:

J. Smith System Label:

AB System Gain:

UL:

DL:

Date:

10/10/02 Alarm Sense:

 Yes

 No

 Normally-Closed

 Normally-Open Accel Hub Serial Number:

L010BMH1 System Band:

DCS 2 RAU Serial No. L010BEH9 L010BRU1 L120BRU1 L007BRU1 L111BRU6 RAU Installation Location 2nd floor Telecom closet Hallway, outside Boardroom Hallway, outside #230 Hallway, atrium north side Hallway, outside #207 Unit HUB - RAU RAU Attenuation?

Yes/No no no yes no

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8)

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8) AB-1-n AB-1 AB-2 AB-3 AB-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 2-n 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 1-2-7 1-2-8 1-3-n

(EH 3) 1-3-1 1-3-2 1-3-3 1-3-4 1-3-5 1-3-6 1-3-7 1-3-8

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8) 1-4-n

(EH 4) 1-4-1 1-4-2 1-4-3

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3) PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual B-1 Installer:

System Label:

InterReach Unison Accel Property Sheet Date:

Accel Hub Serial Number:

System Gain:

UL:

DL:

Alarm Sense:

 Yes

 No

 Normally-Closed

 Normally-Open System Band:

Unit HUB - RAU RAU Attenuation?

Yes/No RAU Serial No. RAU Installation Location 1-n 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-6 1-7 1-8 2-n 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-6 2-7 2-8 3-n 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 4-n 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-5 4-6 4-7 4-8

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8)

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8)

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8)

(RAU 1)

(RAU 2)

(RAU 3)

(RAU 4)

(RAU 5)

(RAU 6)

(RAU 7)

(RAU 8) B-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A APPENDIX C Compliance C.1 Unison System Approval Status 900 Paging/SMR

Safety: UL 60950 3rd Edition

EMC: FCC part 15 class A

Radio: FCC Part 90 Cellular Products

Safety: UL 60950 3rd Edition

EMC: FCC part 15 class A

Radio: FCC Part 22 DCS Products

Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 950, 3rd Edition with all national deviations

EMC: EN 301 489-8 V.1.1.1 (2000-09), CISPR 24: 1998

Radio: ETS 300 609-4 V.8.0.2 (2000-10) GSM/EGSM Products

Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 950, 3rd Edition with all national deviations

Radio: EN 301 502 V.7.0.1 (2000-08)

EMC: EN 301 489-8 V.1.1.1 (2000-09), CISPR 24: 1998 PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual C-1 iDEN Products

Safety: UL 60950, 3rd Edition

EMC: FCC part 15 class A

Radio: FCC part 90 PCS Products

Safety:

EMC: FCC part 15 class A

Radio: FCC part 24 UL 60950 3rd Edition UMTS Products

Safety: CB scheme evaluation to IEC 950, 3rd Edition with all national deviations

EMC: ETSI TS 125 113 V.4.1.0 (2001-06)

Radio: ETSI TS 125 143 V.4.0.0 (2001-03) Note for Canadian customers: The Manufacturers rated output power1 of this equip-

ment is for single carrier operation. For situations when multiple carrier signals are present, the rating would have to be reduced by 3.5 dB, especially where the output signal is re-radiated and can cause interference to adjacent band users. This power reduction is to be by means of input power or gain reduction and not by an attenuator at the output of the device. 1. Manufacturers rated output power refers to Unisons downlink P1dB. The power per carrier tables take into account this power reduction for multiple carriers. C-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A C.2 Human Exposure to RF The U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) has adopted limits of human exposure to radio frequency (RF) emissions from portable or fixed RF systems that are regulated by the FCC. The exposure limits on the incident electric and magnetic fields and power densities are based on ANSI/IEEE and NCRP RF Safety Guidelines. The limits are also prescribed in terms of the mass-normalized rates of internal energy absorption by tissues (specific absorption rates or SARs) which should not exceed 0.08 W/kg as averaged over the whole body and 1.6 W/kg for any 1-g of tissue. Similarly, the U.K. National Radiological Protection Board (NRPB) and the Interna-

tional Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) have both estab-

lished guidelines for maximum RF exposure levels that are likely to not pose health risks. For the general public, ICNIRP recommends maximum exposure levels of 2.0 W/kg for any 10-g of tissue. This recommendation is 5 times lower than that of NRPB. The specific absorption rate (SAR) was measured for a radiated power of 20 dBm

(100 mW) which is the maximum radiated for both of the antennas. The highest SAR regions for each of the antennas for separation distances of 0, 1, 2, and 3 cm to the tis-

sue-simulant model were determined in the first instance by using a coarser sampling with a step size of 8.0 mm over three overlapping scan areas for a total scan area of 8.0 9.6 cm. After identifying the regions of the highest SAR for each of the cases, the SAR distributions were measured with a resolution of 2 mm in order to obtain the peak 1 cm 3 or 1-g SAR. Antenna gain is restricted to 1.5 W ERP (2.49 W EIRP) in order to satisfy RF expo-

sure compliance requirements. If higher than 1.5 W ERP, routine MPE evaulation is needed. The antennas should be installed to provide at least 20 cm from all persons to satisfy MPE requirements of FCC Part 2, 2.1091. PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A Help Hot Line (U.S. only): 1-800-530-9960 C-3 C-4 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A APPENDIX D Release Notes D.1 Unison Accel Release 5 This document is for the Unison Accel products listed in the following table. Table D-1 Unison Accel Release 5 Line-up Unison Accel Component Accel Hub RAU:

PCS DCS GSM Cellular iDEN UMTS AdminManager Part Number UNS-ACCEL-1 UNS-PCS-2 UNS-DCS-1 UNS-GSM-1 UNS-CELL-1 UNS-IDEN-1 UNS-UMTS-1 SW-ADM-V2 EPN*

740510-2 740552-2 740553-1 740554-1 740550-1 740551-0 740560-1 750001-0 Hardware Revision**

C Firmware (FW) or Software (SW) Release*

010559 (FW) C D E B A B N/A 01053C (FW) 01053C (FW) 01052B (FW) 01052B (FW) 01052B (FW) 01052B (FW) v2.0 (SW)

* Use the Get Unit Info command in the AdminManagers Configuration & Maintenance Panel to verify the EPN and Firmware/Software Version of the component

** The hardware revision number is on a label on the back panel of the component PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual D-1 D-2 InterReach Unison Accel Installation, Operation, and Reference Manual PN 9000-10 620021-0 Rev. A