FCC ID: NOO-DAS19-4-X Distributed Antenna System-Repeater

TM This manual is produced for use by LGC Wireless personnel, licensees, and customers. The information contained herein is the property of LGC Wireless. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of LGC Wireless. LGC Wireless reserves the right to make changes, without notice, to the specifications and materials contained herein, and shall not be responsible for any damages caused by reliance on the material as presented, including, but not limited to, typographical and listing errors. Your comments are welcome they help us improve our products and documentation. Please address your comments to LGC Wireless corporate headquarters in San Jose, CA, or call us at 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers) or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers). Copyright LGC Wireless, 1998 and 1999. Printed in USA. All rights reserved Trademarks All trademarks identified by or are trademarks or registered trademark of LGC Wireless, Inc. All other trademarks belong to their respective owners. Limited Warranty Seller warrants articles of its manufacture against defective materials or workmanship for a period of one year from the date of shipment to Purchaser, except as provided in any warranty applicable to Purchaser on or in the package containing the Goods (which warranty takes precedence over the following warranty). The liability of Seller under the foregoing warranty is limited, at Sellers option, solely to repair or replacement with equivalent Goods, or an appropriate adjustment not to exceed the sales price to Purchaser, provided that (a) Seller is notified in writing by Purchaser, within the one year warranty period, promptly upon discovery of defects, with a detailed description of such defects, (b) Purchaser has obtained a Return Materials Authorization (RMA) from Seller, which RMA Seller agrees to provide Purchaser promptly upon request, (c) the defective Goods are returned to Seller, transportation and other applicable charges prepaid by the Purchaser, and (d) Sellers examination of such Goods discloses to its reasonable satisfaction that defects were not caused by negligence, misuse, improper installation, improper maintenance, accident or unauthorized repair or alteration or any other cause outside the scope of Purchasers warranty made hereunder. Notwithstanding the foregoing, Seller shall have the option to repair any defective Goods at Purchasers facility. The original warranty period for any Goods that have been repaired or replaced by seller will not thereby be extended. In addition, all sales will be subject to standard terms and conditions on the sales contract. LGC Wireless LGC Wireless is a leading supplier of wireless solutions that enable mobile voice and data communications and wireless Internet access throughout any facility. The companys wireless system, the LGCellTM, provides mobile users with highly reliable access to high-quality voice and wireless data via cellular and PCS networks throughout any private (corporation, university, hospital) or public

(airport, convention center, subway) facility. LGC Wireless has received all type approvals for the LGCell, including the European CE Mark, and is currently shipping product to more than 12 countries. The LGCell supports all global wireless access standards including TDMA, CDMA, AMPS, GSM and iDEN. LGC Wireless also offers a full range of professional services to ensure cost effective and timely deployment of wireless networks. Your comments can assist us in improving our products and documentation. Please address them to LGC Wireless, Inc. LGC Wireless, Inc. Address Phone Fax 585 East Brokaw Road San Jose, California 95112-1017 USA 1-408-487-2400 1-408-487-2410 Help Hot Line (U.S. only) 1-800-530-9960 Net Address e-mail http://www.lgcwireless.com info@lgcwireless.com Table of Contents About This Manual. About LGCell . What LGCell Is . LGCell Equipment . How LGCell Works . LGCell Advantages . What You Need to Do . LGCell Equipment . Standard Equipment. Main Hub . Expansion Hub. Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . LGCell System Specifications . Band Selective Option . LGCell Site Planning and Design . Project Management . RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . RF Measurements and Site Survey . Site Survey Questionnaire . LGCell Installation. System Requirements. LGCell Standard Equipment . LGCell Equipment Installation . Alarm Report Monitor . Connectivity . Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems . Connecting two LGCells . Connecting More Than Two LGCells . Connecting LGCell to Base Stations, Microcells, or Picocells . Common Problems, Troubleshooting, and Frequently Asked Questions . Common Problems and Troubleshooting . LED Indicator Description. Troubleshooting Guidelines. Diagnostic Procedures . Frequently Asked Questions . iii 1-1 1-3 1-6 1-10 1-11 1-12 2-1 2-3 2-3 2-10 2-13 2-16 2-20 3-1 3-3 3-4 3-7 3-7 4-1 4-3 4-5 4-5 4-18 5-1 5-3 5-3 5-4 5-4 6-1 6-3 6-4 6-6 6-8 6-13 Appendix A Cables, Connectors, and Accessories . Cables and Connectors. LGCell Accessories . Appendix B TIA/EIA 568-A Cabling Standard . Appendix C Compliance Information . IEC/EN 60825-2 - Safe Use of Optical Fiber Communication Systems . Appendix D Services. Appendix E Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000) . Description of the ARM2000 System . ARM2000 System Basics . ARM2000-RU (Remote Unit) Installation . PCARM Installation for ARM2000. Security Setup . Alarm and Device Setup . PCARM Operations . Reports . A-1 A-3 A-7 B-1 C-1 C-6 D-1 E-1 E-3 E-4 E-4 E-7 E-12 E-16 E-21 E-28 ii Table of Contents LGCell Installation Procedure This section shows the steps involved in installing an LGCell system. For a detailed description of LGCell installation procedures, refer to Section 4, LGCell Installation. If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual. Install LGCell equipment in the wiring, telecom, or electrical closet(s) indicated on your site installation plan. LGC Wireless provides the following equipment and supplies for installation:

LGCell Main Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four rack mount screws LGCell Expansion Hub(s), each with two rack mount elbow brackets and four rack mount screws Remote Antenna Unit(s) (RAUs) and in-building antenna(s), with four mounting screws for each RAU LGCell Installation and Reference Guide Optionally, Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual You also need the following equipment and supplies:

Cable and connectors already installed and terminated. LGC Wireless recommends plenum-rated Category 5 (CAT 5) or better, Unshielded Twisted Pair or Shielded Twisted Pair (UTP/STP) and Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable. AC power supply (100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz) available for each Main Hub 19 equipment rack space in the wiring closet Phillips screwdriver

MMF cleaner recommended by the cable manufacturer Inspect the equipment and supplies before you start the LGCell installation. Make sure that the UTP/STP and MMF cables are terminated correctly and that the connectors are clean and free of dust or oil (use recommended cleaner as necessary). If you have any problems, call LGC Wireless at 1-800-530-9960 (U.S. customers) or +1-408-487-2400 (international customers).

The procedure for installing the LGCell system follows. Section 4, LGCell Installation, describes the installation procedure in detail. A. Main Hub Installation 1 Mount one or more LGCell Main Hubs in an equipment rack in the assigned wiring closet location, using the four screws provided for each hub. 2 Connect the AC power to each Main Hub and power up the hub. 3 Connect two clean MMF cables to each Main Hub port. 4 Check the Main Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not connected = red). 5 Connect the RF cable from the antenna(s) to the Main Hub(s) (for a roof-

mounted antenna, insert a lightning arrestor or surge protector). B. Expansion Hub Installation 1 Mount one or more LGCell Expansion Hubs in the equipment rack, using the four screws provided for each hub. 2 Connect the AC power to each Expansion Hub and power up the hub. 3 Connect all MMF cables from the Main Hub(s) to the Expansion Hub(s). 4 Check the Expansion Hub Sync and Link Status LEDs (connected = green, not connected = red) 5 Connect CAT 5 cable to the respective ports C. RAU and Antenna Installation 1 Mount the RAU(s) and antenna(s). 2 Connect the UTP/STP cables from the Expansion Hubs to the RJ-45 connectors on the RAU(s). 3 Connect an accessory antenna to each RAU SMA connector. 4 Check the LEDs on the RAU(s). If not connected properly or sync is not achieved, then one LED will be red. When connected, one LED should be green and the other not lit. D. System Monitoring using the ARM (if provisioned) Install the Alarm Report Monitor (ARM) panel adjacent to the Main Hubs. 1 2 Connect the octopus cable to the connector on the ARM. 3 Connect one DB9 connector from the octopus cable to each ARM unit. 4 Set the dip switch in the ARM to the appropriate ID number. 5 Connect the ARM unit to a local PSTN line. 6 7 Configure the software and dial into the ARM unit to set its parameters (dial-in Install the ARM system software on a PC at the NOC. number, and so on). ii LGCell Installation Procedure About This Manual This Installation and Reference Manual describes the following LGCell products:

LGCell 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN LGCell 900 MHz GSM LGCell 1800 MHz DCS LGCell 1800 MHz Korean PCS LGCell 1900 MHz TDMA/CDMA/GSM LGCell Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCS System operation for these products is identical. The only differences between the products are the operating frequency range, access scheme (TDMA, GSM, etc.) and certain operating parameters (gain, etc.). In this manual, distinctions between different systems are clearly indicated. This section provides an overview of this Installation and Reference Manual, describes conventions, and provides other useful information. If you plan to connect your LGCell system to more than one radio or base station, you also need the Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual. Overview This manual provides information to prepare for and install the LGCell equipment. The following steps need to be taken:

RF engineering and system design Equipment purchasing Cable preparation Equipment installation and commissioning

This manual has six sections and five appendixes:

1 About LGCell Describes the LGCells functions, applications, components and its advantages. 2 LGCell Equipment Describes the standard LGCell equipment and operation and provides System Specifications. 3 LGCell Site Planning Contains information about pre-installation and Design 4 LGCell Installation 5 Connectivity preparation and project management from site planning through LGCell installation. The tasks involved and an estimated timetable are provided. Describes system requirements, lists standard equipment, and gives LGCell equipment installation procedures. Contains Maximum Input/Output RF Power and RF Power per Carrier tables and describes how to connect multiple LGCell systems. 6 Common Problems, Describes how to diagnose and solve operational Troubleshooting, and problems and gives answers to questions that Frequently Asked Questions customers ask frequently. Appendix A Cables, Connectors and Accessories Appendix B TIA/EIA 568-A Cabling Standards Appendix C Compliance Information Appendix D Services Appendix E Alarm Report Monitor

(ARM2000) Contains information about cables, connectors, and accessories for LGCell applications. Contains information about standards for in-building cabling. Provides system approval status and regulatory notices for various countries. Lists the services that LGC Wireless can provide for customers. Describes the ARM2000 system, which can be used to monitor LGCell alarms. iv About This Manual Terminology This manual uses the following acronyms. Acronym Description AMPS ARM BTS CAT 5 CDMA EH GSM iDEN IM LED MBS MH MMF PCS RAU RF TDMA UTP/STP Advanced Mobile Phone System Alarm Report Monitor Macrocellular base station Category 5 unshielded or shielded twisted pair cable Code Division Multiple Access Expansion Hub Global Systems for Mobile Communications integrated Digital Enhanced Network Integration Module Light emitting diode Microcellular base station Main Hub Multi-mode fiber Personal Communications Services Remote Antenna Unit Radio Frequency signals Time Division Multiple Access Unshielded twisted pair or shielded twisted pair (cable) Conventions This manual uses the following conventions as described:

Words in italicized type Used for cross-references to other places in the manual Words in boldface type Used for emphasis Words in THIS TYPEFACE Identifies labels on Main Hubs, Expansion Hubs, and Remote Antenna Units v This manual uses the following symbols as described. This symbol represents additional INFORMATION. It is used to emphasize text with unusual importance, special significance, or to provide supplemental information. This symbol represents CAUTION. It alerts users that a given action or omitted action can cause or contribute to a hazardous condition. Damage to the equipment can occur. This symbol represents WARNING. It appears when a given action or omitted action can result in catastrophic damage to the equipment or cause injury to the user. Precautions This section describes general safety precautions for LGCell products and safety precautions for Fiber Ports on the hubs. General Safety Precautions The following precautions apply to LGCell products. LGCell has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units are fully replaceable through LGC Wireless. Please contact us at 1-800-530-9960. For international customers, please contact us at +1-408-487-2400. Never input an RF signal to the Main Hub Duplex port that is higher than those defined on page 17 in Section 2, LGCell Equipment. Although modeled after an Ethernet/LAN-like architecture and connectivity, LGCell units (Main Hub, Expansion Hub, and the Remote Antenna Unit) are not intended to connect to Ethernet data hubs, routers, cards or other similar data equipment. For improved air circulation, be sure to leave at least one inch (25 mm) of space between all hubs and between any other equipment in the rack. If mounting a hub on the racks bottom shelf, also leave at least a one inch of clearance from the bottom. vi About This Manual

When you connect the Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) Optical Cable, take the same precaution as if installing Ethernet network equipment. All optical fiber ST connectors should be cleaned according to the cable manufacturers instructions.

When you connect a radiating antenna to an RAU, DO NOT over-tighten the SMA connector. Firmly hand-tightening the connector is adequate. To reduce the risk of fire or electric shock, do not expose this equipment to rain or moisture. Fiber Port Safety Precautions Suggested safety precautions for working with LGCell Fiber Ports follow. For information about LGCell compliance with safety standards, see Appendix C Compliance Information. Viewing fiber: Observe the following warning about viewing fiber ends in ports. Do not stare with unprotected eyes at the connector ends of the fibers or the ports of the hubs.Invisible infrared radiation is present at the front panel of the Main Hub and Expansion Hub. Do not remove the Fiber Port dust cover unless the port is in use. Do not stare directly into a Fiber Port. Test fiber cables: When you use test fiber optical cables, connect the optical power source last and disconnect it first. Fiber ends: Cover any unconnected fiber ends with an approved cap. Do not use tape. Broken fiber cables: Do not stare with unprotected eyes at any broken ends of the fibers. Report any broken fiber cables and have them replaced. Cleaning: Use only approved methods for cleaning optical fiber connectors.

Modifications: Do not make any unauthorized modifications to this fiber optical system or associated equipment. Live work: Live work is permitted on the LGCell as it is a Class 1 hazard. Signs: No warning signs are required. Test equipment: Use Class 1 test equipment. vii

viii About This Manual 1About LGCell This section is an overview of the LGCell. It gives a brief description of the system and applications, the LGCell equipment, how it works, why its better than the competition, and what you need to do to install the system. Later sections of this Installation and Reference Manual contain a detailed description of the LGCell system. Contents About LGCell What LGCell Is . 3 LGCell Equipment . 6 How LGCell Works . 10 LGCell Advantages . 11 What You Need to Do . 12 1-2 About LGCell What LGCell Is LGCell is a plug-and-play in-

building distributed antenna system (DAS) that enables highly reliable, high-quality wireless communications. This one-person-one-phone capability gives a wireless phone user the ability to use their wireless phone in any location throughout the enterprise and beyond. Seamless coverage lets wireless phone users roam freely between buildings as well as indoors and outdoors without changing phones. An LGCell system has the following equipment:

Main Hub (MH) Expansion Hub (EH) Remote Antenna Unit

(RAU) Existing Outdoor Base Station Repeater In-Building Antenna LGCell Roof-

Mounted Antenna Category 5 UTP/STP Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) 1 0 0 Double-Star Topology for Easy, Cost-Effective Growth The LGCell system uses a double-star topology, which allows for easy, cost-

effective growth of coverage and/or capacity. Each Main Hub supports up to four Expansion Hubs. Each Expansion Hub, in turn, supports up to four RAUs. The Main Hub is located in an equipment closet and the Expansion Hubs are distributed out into other equipment closets throughout a building. The RAUs are then distributed off each Expansion Hub to provide coverage. Bringing Outside In Increases Wireless Network Coverage Outdoor macrocellular base stations (BTSs) transmit and receive Radio Frequency

(RF) signals, which enable communications with wireless phones. The RF signals are not always available or adequate inside a building, campus, tunnel, subway, or other hard-to-reach location. The LGCell system delivers high-quality wireless 1-3

communications when a user is within range of an LGCell Remote Antenna Unit

(RAU). LGCell Increases In-Building Coverage LGCell operates in the cellular or PCS frequency bands and can act as an extension to the cellular or PCS network. LGCell extends RF signal coverage in places where the coverage is unacceptable. This extended coverage allows users to roam between buildings and the outside world while maintaining wireless phone conversations without changing phones. LGCell provides coverage for a variety of applications including single and multiple floor buildings, campus environments, tunnels, subways, and public facilities. Roof-Mounted Antenna Repeater Wiring Closet MH EH RAU 2 0 0 b LGCell can be connected to a separate repeater for a power boost or when line of sight is poor. Increase In-Building Coverage with Multiple LGCells Use multiple LGCell systems to increase coverage in very tall buildings or large facilities. Increase Coverage for Separate Service Providers Use one or more LGCell systems for cellular networks and use one or more for PCS networks. Increase Coverage for Separate Networks Use one or more LGCell system for public networks and use one or more for private networks. Expanding Inside Increases In-Building Capacity and Capability Increased in-building wireless coverage from the outdoor wireless networks does not always fully address in-building needs. Coverage is only beneficial if all potential users can access the network. 1-4 About LGCell

Microcellular Base Station (MBS) for Increased Capacity Connecting the LGCell to a local, centralized MBS provides additional capacity, as well as enhanced coverage. This in-building microcellular wireless network increases the number of in-

building users able to communicate through their wireless phones. LGCell provides coverage

MBS provides voice channel capacity Protocol independent Calls can be charged at a flat rate versus cellular or PCS rate inside the building Provides completely uniform radio coverage at low cost

MBS capacity is dynamically allocated as needed MBS MH RAU EH EH EH EH 0 1 0 a

Maintenance and control of the wireless network are centralized The LGCell/MBS connection allocates capacity to various locations within the enterprise as user traffic patterns change over the course of a day. Integration Modules for Dynamic Allocation of Radio Capacity LGC Wireless provides Integration Modules that can be used with the LGCell to efficiently centralize additional radio capacity inside a facility. These Modules provide the connection between the radios for the facility and the LGCell system. Because the Integration Modules distribute all available capacity automatically throughout all antennas within a cell, available capacity is dynamically allocated throughout the entire coverage area, thus providing an improved grade of service without the need to conduct ongoing traffic monitoring and analysis. Specific installation information on all available Integration Modules is in the Integration Module Installation and Reference Manual. LGCell, MBS, PBX* for Increased Coverage, Capacity, and Functionality Interfacing the LGCell with an MBS/PBX network gives wireless phone users PBX functionality through their wireless phones, anytime, anywhere.

*Check with PBX manufacturer/vendor for compatibility, connection, and operation. 1-5

PBX MBS MH RAU EH EH EH EH With the LGCell/MBS/PBX solution, employees can use a wireless phone in place of a wireline desk phone to access the PBX while inside the building and use the same phone for wireless communications while outside the building. The MBS private wireless network transmits RF signals indoors, and the macrocellular network takes over outdoors.

Access PBX features such as 1 1 0 a four-digit dialing, call delivery, call forwarding, call-waiting, conferencing, and voice mail Billed at discounted local calling rates or a flat enterprise rate for calls made inside the LGCell vicinity Users can maintain the same telephone number inside and outside of the building, enabling anytime, anywhere communication LGCell Equipment One fully equipped LGCell system consists of the following parts:

One Main Hub

Up to four Expansion Hubs

Up to 16 RAUs (four per Expansion Hub) Multiple LGCell systems can be stacked for various applications. (See Section 5, Connectivity.) A Dual Band LGCell system has two Main Hubs and at least two Expansion Hubs. A Dual Band system is a combination of single bands. The following illustration shows a Dual Band 900/1800 LGCell system. 1-6 About LGCell

Dual Band LGCell System The following sections provide a brief overview of LGCell equipment. For a detailed description of the equipment, see Section 2, LGCell Equipment. The Main Hub 1-7 The Main Hub mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack commonly found in wiring closets or equipment rooms (Main Hub width is 17.25, or 438 mm). Interfaces to the wireless network Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm) Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS via standard coaxial cable or low-loss coaxial cable with N-type male connectors Dual Band Main Hub The Main Hub for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of Main Hubs, one for each band. The Expansion Hub 1-8 About LGCell

The Expansion Hub also mounts into a standard 19" equipment rack (width 17.25, or 438 mm). Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm) Connects to the Main Hub via standard Multi-Mode Fiber (MMF) cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers). Hubs can be located in wiring closets anywhere in the building Dual Band Expansion Hub An Expansion Hub for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of Expansion Hubs, one for each band. The Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) The RAUs a re strategically positioned in and around a building to provide high-quality reception for wireless services. Connects to the Expansion Hubs via standard CAT 5 (or better) unshielded or shielded twisted pair (UTP/STP) cable (up to 60 meters) (TIA/EIA 568-A standard)

Mounts onto a variety of building materials. Can be placed anywhere above or below the ceiling, on the wall, or in other locations. Connects to any external antenna, dipole, directional, omnidirectional, panel, or other antenna 1-9

Dual Band RAU The RAU for a Dual Band LGCell system is a pair of RAUs, one for each band. How LGCell Works LGCell connects in an Ethernet, LAN-like architecture, using a double-star topology. It uses proprietary technology to provide wireless access within buildings, subways, tunnels and other locations where reception is poor. System Operation System operation for all of the LGCell DAS products is identical. The only differences between the products are the operating frequency range, access scheme

(TDMA, GSM, etc.) and certain operating parameters (gain, etc.). The Main Hub connects to an RF source:

a roof-mounted antenna or repeater for coverage applications; or an MBS for capacity or wireless PBX applications, or both. LGCell distributes cellular and PCS signals through standard MMF and standard UTP/STP cable found in most buildings. This allows installation of in-building wireless services with minimal installation time and cost. 1-10 About LGCell

Transmit/Forward/Downlink (BTS to Phone) The incoming RF signal into the Main Hub is split into several fiber optic transceivers that convert the RF signal to an optical signal. The Main Hub transmits the converted signal over the fiber to the Expansion Hub. The Expansion Hub converts the optical signal to an RF signal and transmits the RF signals to the RAUs. The RAUs then transmit the RF signals to the antenna and then to wireless phones. Receive/Reverse/Uplink (Phone to BTS) The RAUs transmit RF signals from wireless phones back through the antenna and to the Expansion Hubs. The Expansion Hubs transmit the RF signals back to the Main Hub in optical form. The Main hub converts the optical signals back to electrical signals and sends them to an MBS, a repeater, or a roof-mounted antenna. For a detailed description of system operation, see Section 2, LGCell Equipment. LGCell Advantages The LGCell solution is based on a fundamentally new approach that has cost and engineering advantages not found in competitive systems. Competitive systems offer similar capabilities but require sophisticated RF engineering and take a long time to install. They typically use specialty cables that require expensive, difficult, time-consuming, and potentially disruptive installations. LGCells plug-and-play design requires minimal RF engineering and planning. Its unique double-star architecture keeps service and maintenance to a minimum, unlike cascaded antenna systems. The flexible architecture permits deployment in the most difficult RF environments. LGCells low cost and simple installation effectively provide both coverage and capacity enhancements to meet the demands of the growing wireless network. 1-11 LGCell Uses Industry Standards LGCells use of industry standards and standard equipment offers high reliability and low cost. Complies with industry standards for IS-19-B/AMPS, J-std-8, IS-136/TDMA, IS-95/CDMA, ETSI 300 609-4/GSM (CE marked), and iDEN. Utilizes the TIA/EIA 568-A Ethernet cabling standards for ease of installation

(see Appendix A Cables, Connectors, and Accessories). Distributes signals over a buildings existing industry-standard cable infrastructure of MMF and UTP/STP cable. Complies with UL and FCC or CE mark requirements. Primarily constructed with highly reliable industry-standard components produced in high-volume for the LAN and wireless industries. High quality and reliability are assured. Minimal Design, Installation, Maintenance, and Troubleshooting Site engineering is simplified since compensation for cable loss and amplifiers do not need to be designed into the system, which saves precious RF Engineering time and support. Using standard cabling reduces installation to simple equipment mounting and cable connection. Centralized hub locations facilitate maintenance, upgrades, and adaptability to new standards. The LGCells star configuration eases troubleshooting it is immediately clear if an RAU is faulty. LGCell provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning

(OAM&P). The Main Hub senses major alarms through contact closure. These alarms can be sent to remote locations. (For information on the Alarm Report Monitor, see Appendix E Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000).) What You Need to Do Assess the installation site, prepare the site, install the LGCell equipment, install and connectorize the cables, and mount the Hubs and RAUs. A typical installation consists of three components:

Site Planning Cable Installation LGCell Installation See Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design See Section 3, LGCell Site Planning and Design See Section 4, LGCell Installation 1-12 About LGCell

2LGCell Equipment This section describes the LGCell equipment and explains how the system operates and contains LGCell system specifications. For details about cables and connectors, refer to Appendix A Cables, Connectors, and Accessories. LGCell has no user-serviceable parts. Faulty or failed units may be repaired or replaced through LGC Wireless. In the U.S., please contact us at 1-800-530-9960. International customers, please contact us at

+1-408-487-2400. Contents LGCell Equipment Standard Equipment. 3 Main Hub . 3 Expansion Hub. 10 Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) . 13 LGCell System Specifications . 16 Band Selective Option . 20 2-2 LGCell Equipment Standard Equipment The LGCell standard equipment supports 800 MHz AMPS/TDMA/CDMA/iDEN, 900 MHz GSM, 1800 MHz DCS, 1800 MHz Korean PCS, 1900 MHz TDMA/

CDMA/GSM, and Dual Band 900 GSM/1800 DCS installations. LGCell has three modular components:

Main Hub 19 rack-mountable Expansion Hub 19 rack-mountable Remote Antenna Units (RAUs) Wall or ceiling mountable LGCell is shipped with the following items:

Four rack-mount screws per hub Four screws for each RAU LGCell Installation and Reference Manual For cable and accessory information, see Appendix A Cables, Connectors, and Accessories. Main Hub The Main Hub is the LGCells central distribution point. It receives downlink cellular or PCS signals from an MBS or a roof-mounted antenna and redistributes them to multiple Expansion Hubs in low-frequency signal format (<200MHz), which can be passed over the MMF and CAT 5 cabling. 2-3

The Main Hub also receives signals from the Expansion Hubs and reconverts them back to the cellular or PCS band for transmission on the uplink channel (mobile) to the macrocellular base station (BTS) or microcellular base station (MBS). The Dual Band 900/1800 Main Hub is shown below. Main Hub Features

Mounts in a standard 19 equipment rack, width 17.25 (438 mm) Height is 1.7 (44.5 mm). The Dual Band Main Hub is 3.5 (88.9 mm) high. Operates with worldwide AC power, 100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz Connects up to four Expansion Hubs and 16 RAUs per Main Hub. The Dual Band Main Hub connects up to four Expansion Hubs and 16 RAUs for the 900 system and an equal number for the 1800 system. Connect multiple Main Hubs to increase number of RAUs. See Connecting Multiple LGCell Systems on page 3 in Section 5, Connectivity. Connects to a roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or duplexed MBS via one coaxial cable using an N-type, female, duplexed, bi-directional RF connector Connects to MBS via two coaxial cables using two N-type female, simplex RF connectors Connects to Expansion Hubs via MMF fiber cable (up to 1 kilometer) Distributes cellular or PCS signals to the Expansion Hubs via standard MMF transmit and receive pairs Has easily accessible connectors 2-4 LGCell Equipment

Displays system status via front panel LEDs Provides contact closure of major alarms and error latches through a D-sub 9-pin connector Main Hub Front Panel 5 5 5 5 6 7 Front Panel Description 1 AC power cord connector 2 Power On/Off switch 3 One LED for sync status (labeled SYNC) 4 One LED for power (labeled POWER) 5 Four Ports (labeled 1, 2, 3, 4) 1 2 3 4

One standard female ST-connector for MMF downlink (labeled DOWN)

One standard female ST-connector for MMF uplink (labeled UP) 6 One LED for port RF link status (labeled LINK STATUS) 7 One LED for port sync status (labeled SYNC) The Dual Band Main Hub Front Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same as those explained for the single band system. 2-5

Standard MMF Uplink and Downlink Ports The Main Hub transmits and receives RF signals to and from the Expansion Hubs using up to 1 kilometer of industry-

standard 62.5m/125m MMF cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers).

Uplink/Input (labeled UP) This signal is the combination of all uplink signals received by the Expansion Hubs connected to the system.

Downlink/Output (labeled DOWN) The downlink is a composite signal coming from the duplexed N-type connector or from the downlink simplex connector on the Main Hub back panel. The downlink signal is re-radiated at all RAUs. Main Hub LEDs LED Color Indication HUB LEDS POWER SYNC PORT LEDS SYNC Green Green Green Red LINK STATUS Green Red On/Off Fault On/Off Fault Operational Fault Operational Fault 2-6 LGCell Equipment Main Hub Back Panel Back Panel Description Three N-type, Female Connectors with dust caps

One Duplexed (labeled DUPLEX)

One Uplink (labeled REVERSE)

One Downlink (labeled FORWARD) One D-Sub 9-pin Connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1) One D-sub 25-pin Connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 2) The Dual Band Main Hub Back Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same as shown for the single band LGCell Main Hub. N-Type Female Connectors The N-type, female connectors connect the coaxial cable from the roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS to the Main Hub for RF connection. These cable connectors are operational in the cellular and PCS frequency bands. See Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers, on page 17 in this section for the maximum uplink and downlink power. 2-7

There are three N-type female connectors:

Duplexed:

Output and Input (bi-directional) Uplink:

Simplex Output (unidirectional) Downlink:

Simplex Input (unidirectional) Duplexed (labeled DUPLEX) The DUPLEX connector is for a duplexed connection. This connector provides both downlink and uplink signals to and from the roof-mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS to the Main Hub. This duplex port provides a 30 or 40 dB gain on the duplex part. See LGCell System Gain on page 17. Uplink (labeled REVERSE) and Downlink (labeled FORWARD) The uplink and downlink connectors are for a simplex connection. The FORWARD connector receives RF signals and the REVERSE connector transmits RF signals to and from the roof-

mounted antenna, repeater, or MBS. DO NOT exceed the maximum input power into the Main Hub. See Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers, on page 17 in this section. 2-8 LGCell Equipment

D-Sub 9-Pin Connector The D-Sub 9-pin connector (labeled DIAGNOSTIC 1) provides contact closure for major and latch system alarm monitoring. The following table lists the function of each pin on the D-sub 9-pin connector. Pin Function 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9

+10 V (fused) Not connected Not connected Error Latch (positive connection) Error Latch (negative connection) DC Ground Major Error (positive connection) Error Reset Major Error (negative connection) Alarms LGCell provides full Operations Alarm Maintenance and Provisioning (OAM&P). The Main Hub senses then latches major alarms. An error latch provides historical information for troubleshooting. The major alarms and error latches are monitored with contact closures. Alarms can be sent to remote locations (see Section 5, Connectivity and Section 6, Troubleshooting). For details about alarm monitoring, see Appendix E Alarm Report Monitor (ARM2000). The two error connections, Major Error and Error Latch, are relay connections. They are either open or short circuit (see the following table). Operation Major Error Error Latch Proper Operation Error Proper Operation but had error and system latched;

alarm was not reset Short Circuit Short Circuit Open Circuit Open Circuit Short Circuit Open Circuit When you use these error pin connections, determine the error status by sending a current of no more than 40 mA through the positive connection and returning it through the negative connection. An error is indicated if current ceases to flow through the error connection. 2-9 Expansion Hub Antenna Ports 1 2 3 4 Main Hub Port The Expansion Hub is LGCells intermediate distribution point. It transmits and receives low frequency signal (<200MHz) to and from the Main Hub, and to and from the RAUs. Utilizing LGC Wireless proprietary technology, both the MMF and the UTP/STP cables can transmit signals in the cellular or PCS frequency bands. The Dual Band 900/1800 Expansion Hub is shown below:

2-10 LGCell Equipment Expansion Hub Features

Mounts in a standard 19" equipment rack, with 17.25 (438 mm) Height is 1.7" (44.5 mm). The Dual Band Expansion Hub is 3.5 (88.9 mm) high. Operates with worldwide AC power, 100-240 VAC at 1.6 A and 50/60 Hz Connects up to four RAUs. The Dual Band Expansion Hub connects up to four RAUs for the 900 system and up to four RAUs for the 1800 system. Connects to the Main Hub with MMF transmit/receive cable (up to 1.5 dB optical loss, approximately 1 kilometer without jumpers) Connects up to four RAUs via four RJ-45 connectors that feed RAUs directly through a UTP/STP cable Provides DC power to RAUs through the UTP/STP cable Has easily accessible connectors Displays system operation via front panel LEDs Communicates with Main Hub for system alarm status Expansion Hub Front Panel 8 5 3 4 1 2 7 7 9

(Labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4) 7 7 6 Expansion Hub Description 1 AC power cord connector 2 Power On/Off switch 3 In Fiber Port (labeled MAIN HUB), one standard ST connector for MMF downlink (labeled DOWN) In Fiber Port (labeled MAIN HUB), one standard ST connector for MMF uplink

(labeled UP) 4 5 One LED for port sync status (labeled SYNC) 6 One LED for power (labeled POWER) 7 Four standard UTP/STP CAT 5 Cable RJ-45 female connectors (labeled ANTENNA PORTS 1, 2, 3, and 4) 2-11

8 One LED to monitor RF link status (labeled LINK STATUS) 9 One LED to monitor sync status (labeled SYNC) The Dual Band Expansion Hub Front Panel is shown below. The connectors are the same as those explained for the single band system. 900 MHz 1800 MHz DUAL BAND Standard MMF Uplink and Downlink Port The Expansion Hub transmits and receives cellular or PCS signals to and from the Main Hub using up to 1 kilometer of industry-

standard 62.5m/125 m MMF cable found in most buildings.

Uplink/Output (labeled UP) The uplink is the combination of all uplink signals received by the RAUs. The signals are fed into the Expansion Hub via the UTP/STP cables. The Expansion Hub then transmits the combination of all signals to the Main Hub via the MMF cable.

Downlink/Input (labeled DOWN) The Expansion Hub receives downlink signals from the Main Hub via the other MMF port. The downlink signals are subsequently re-

radiated at all RAUs via the UTP/STP cable. 2-12 LGCell Equipment UTP/STP CAT 5 Cable Connectors Delivers electrical power to the RAUs. Also transmits downlink signals and receives uplink signals to and from the RAUs. Expansion Hub LEDs LED Color Indication HUB LEDS POWER SYNC PORT LEDS SYNC Green Green Green Red LINK STATUS Green Red On/Off Fault On/Off Fault Operational Fault Operational Fault Remote Antenna Unit (RAU) RAU Description One female SMA connector One Standard CAT 5 UTP/STP RJ-45 female receptacle Two LEDs

One for antenna power

One for antenna sync indication 2-13

The Dual Band 900/1800 RAU is shown here. The Dual Band RAU has the same connectors as the single band RAU. It has one set of connectors for the 900 RAU and one set for the 1800 RAU. RAUs are active antennas that connect directly to an Expansion Hub over standard CAT 5 (or better) UTP/STP cable. The cable also delivers electrical power to the antenna. RAUs receive uplink cellular or PCS signals and re-transmits them to an Expansion Hub in a low frequency signal format (<200MHz). They also receive signals from the Expansion Hub, and re-convert the signals back to the cellular or PCS band for transmission on the downlink. RAU Features Transmits to Expansion Hubs via an RJ-45 connector using UTP/STP cable Uses an SMA connector for standard in-building antennas Has easily accessible connectors Displays system operation via LEDs Dimensions: 5.7" x 5.5" x 1.2" (145 mm x 140 mm x 30 mm). The dimensions for the Dual Band RAU are 8 x 6.2 x 2.7 (1626 mm x 157 mm x 69 mm). Connects to Expansion Hub via one RJ-45 connector that feeds RAUs directly through a UTP/STP cable (up to 60 meters) For system performance for cable lengths greater than 60 meters, see LGCell System Gain vs. UTP/STP Cable Length (800 MHz, iDEN, 900 MHz) on page 6 and LGCell System Gain vs. UTP/STP Cable Length for 1800 MHz or 1900 MHz

(Horizontal run, measured with 1 km of Multi-Mode Fiber) on page 7 in Appendix A Cables, Connectors, and Accessories. 2-14 LGCell Equipment

RAU Connectors SMA Connector The SMA connector on the RAU is a duplexed RF input/output port that connects to standard in-building antennas.

Uplink (Input) The uplink cellular or PCS channels are received from the mobile phone by the in-building antenna. For the maximum downlink composite radiated power at the RAU, see the table on page 17 in this chapter.

Downlink (Output) The downlink channels are transmitted (radiated) by the standard in-building antenna. For the maximum downlink composite radiated power at the RAU, see the table on page 17 in this chapter. Standard CAT 5 UTP/STP RJ-45 Jack Delivers electrical power to the antenna. Also transmits and receives uplink and downlink signals to the Expansion Hub. RAU LEDs LED Color Indication POWER SYNC Green Red On Fault If the antenna SYNC LED lights red, RF power in the antenna is automatically shut down. The antenna RF power is reset when the SYNC LED goes off. 2-15 RAU Optional Antennas The following illustration shows optional antennas that can plug into the SMA connector. For recommended antennas, refer to the accessory section in the LGCell Price List or contact your account manager. LGCell System Specifications The following tables give system specifications for LGCell. System gain, maximum input/output RF Power

Maximum Input Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers 2-16 LGCell Equipment

LGCell System Gain This table is a summary of the system gain for different frequencies and formats. LGCell Frequency/Format 800 MHz AMPS, TDMA 800 MHz CDMA 800 MHz iDEN 900 MHz GSM 1800 MHz CDMA DCS 1800 GSM 1900 MHz TDMA 1900 MHz CDMA 1900 MHz GSM System Gain Duplex Simplex 30 30 0 0 0 0 40 40 40 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Maximum Input RF Power per Carrier vs. Number of Carriers When you connect a Main Hub to an MBS that supports several RF carriers, the RF power per carrier must be cut back so as not to exceed the total composite radiated power into the Main Hub DUPLEX or FORWARD connector. The following table shows the maximum power per carrier and maximum composite power for different frequencies, formats, and numbers of carriers. 800 CDMA 1800 Korean CDMA 1900 TDMA Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power 1 2 3 4 10.0 7.0 5.2 3.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 1 2 3 4 9.0 6.0 4.2 2.0 9.0 9.0 9.0 8.0 1 2 3 4 10.0 7.0 5.2 3.0 10.0 10.0 10.0 9.0 2-17 800 AMPS 800 TDMA Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power Number of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20.0 15.5 12.8 11.0 9.5 8.3 7.3 6.5 5.7 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.3 2.8 2.4 1.9 20.0 18.5 17.6 17.0 16.5 16.1 15.8 15.5 15.2 15.0 14.8 14.6 14.4 14.3 14.1 14.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.0 12.5 9.8 8.0 6.5 5.3 4.3 3.5 2.7 2.0 1.4 0.8 0.3

-0.2

-0.6

-1.1 17.0 15.5 14.6 14.0 13.5 13.1 12.8 12.5 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.3 11.1 11.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 800 GSM Maximum Power per Carrier 20.0 8.0 6.0 4.7 3.8 3.0 2.3 2.0 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.0

-0.1

-0.3 Maximum Composite Power 20.0 11.0 10.8 10.7 10.8 10.8 10.8 11.0 11.0 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.7 11.7 2-18 LGCell Equipment 1800 DCS/GSM 1900 AMPS 1900 TDMA Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power Number of Carriers Maximum Power per Carrier Maximum Composite Power 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 18.0 18.0 6.0 4.0 2.7 1.8 1.0 0.3 0.0

-0.4

-0.8

-1.1

-1.4

-1.7

-1.9

-2.1

-2.3 9.0 8.8 8.7 8.8 8.8 8.8 9.0 9.1 9.2 9.3 9.4 9.4 9.6 9.7 9.7 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 20.0 13.5 11.5 10.3 9.3 8.3 7.3 6.5 5.7 5.0 4.4 3.8 3.3 2.8 2.4 1.9 20.0 16.5 16.3 16.3 16.3 16.1 15.8 15.5 15.2 15.0 14.8 14.6 14.4 14.3 14.1 14.0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17.0 12.5 9.8 8.0 6.5 5.3 4.3 3.5 2.7 2.0 1.4 0.8 0.3

-0.2

-0.6

-1.1 17.0 15.5 14.6 14.0 13.5 13.1 12.8 12.5 12.2 12.0 11.8 11.6 11.4 11.3 11.1 11.0 2-19 Number of Carriers 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 1900 GSM Maximum Power per Carrier 20.0 8.0 6.0 4.7 3.8 3.0 2.3 2.0 1.5 1.2 0.8 0.5 0.3 0.0

-0.1

-0.3 Maximum Composite Power 20.0 11.0 10.8 10.7 10.8 10.8 10.8 11.0 11.0 11.2 11.2 11.3 11.4 11.5 11.7 11.7 Band Selective Option LGCell 800 MHz, 900 MHz, 1800 MHz, and 1900 MHz The LGCell 800/900 MHz system has fixed bands of operation. The LGCell 1800/

1900 MHZ system has a fixed bandwidth filter in each system that is centered over the desired band of operation. The desired band of operation is an ordered item either by band (A, B, D, E, F) or by the center uplink and downlink frequency. 2-20 LGCell Equipment The following table shows the bandwidths for each type of system. System Fixed Filter Bandwidth Uplink Center Downlink Center Frequency Frequency 25 MHz 836.5 MHz 881.5 MHz DAS 800 MHz - AMPS, TDMA, CDMA DAS 800 MHz - iDEN DAS 900 GSM DAS 1800 KOREAN CDMA 30 Mhz 1765 MHz 18 MHz 25 MHz 815 MHz 947.5 MHz 860 MHz 902.5 MHz 1855 MHz DAS 1800 DCS (GSM) 30 MHz 1725 MHz1 to 1770 MHz 1820 MHz1 to 1865 MHz DAS 1900 MHz - CDMA, TDMA, GSM 15 MHz 1857.5 MHz2 to 1892.5 MHz 1937.5 MHz2 to 1972.5 MHz For example, the A band for 1900 MHz PCS has the fixed 15 MHz filter centered at 1937.5 MHz for the downlink and 1857.5 for the uplink. 1 30 MHz pass filter can be positioned along the 75 MHz DCS 1800 band. Order product with uplink and downlink frequency at 1.25 MHz spacing. For example an uplink center frequency of 1737.5 MHz will provide a 30 MHz band between 1722.5 MHz and 1752.5 MHz and a downlink center frequency of 1832.5 MHz will provide a 30 MHz band between 1817.5 MHz and 1847.5 MHz. 2 Similar to above, the 1900 PCS 15 MHz filter can be positioned along the 60 MHz band. The LGCell covers a 30 MHz band in frequency range of 1710 MHz to 1785 MHz on the uplink and 1805 MHz to 1880 MHz on the downlink. The operator can choose where to place the 30 MHz band of operation by choosing the corresponding center frequencies as shown in the following table. 2-21 Band Center Frequency of the DCS 1800 MHz LGCell The filter band is 30 MHz wide (or 15 MHz on each side of the center). Uplink Freq Downlink Freq Uplink Freq Downlink Freq 1725.00 1726.25 1727.50 1728.75 1730.00 1731.25 1732.50 1733.75 1735.00 1736.25 1737.50 1738.75 1740.00 1741.25 1742.50 1743.75 1745.00 1746.25 1747.50 1820.00 1821.25 1822.50 1823.75 1825.00 1826.25 1827.50 1828.75 1830.00 1831.25 1832.50 1833.75 1835.00 1836.25 1837.50 1838.75 1840.00 1841.25 1842.50 1748.75 1750.00 1751.25 1752.50 1753.75 1755.00 1756.25 1757.50 1758.75 1760.00 1761.25 1762.50 1763.75 1765.00 1766.25 1767.50 1768.75 1770.00 1843.75 1845.00 1846.25 1847.50 1848.75 1850.00 1851.25 1852.50 1853.75 1855.00 1856.25 1857.50 1858.75 1860.00 1861.25 1862.50 1863.75 1865.00 The following table shows settings for the 1900 MHz system. Settings for Selecting Band Center Frequency of the 1900 MHz LGCell System Band Uplink Frequency Downlink Frequency A D B E F 1857.50 1867.50 1877.50 1887.50 1892.50 1937.50 MHz 1947.50 MHz 1957.50 MHz 1967.50 MHz 1972.50 MHz 2-22 LGCell Equipment 3LGCell Site Planning and Design This section provides information to assist in planning and designing an LGCell system and preparing a site for the LGCell installation. Proper project management is instrumental in providing a timely and accurate deployment. The first step in planning an LGCell system is to estimate the amount of radio frequency (RF) coverage you need for your building or coverage area. Initial estimates can be developed using floor plans and the models that follow. Eventually you need to go on-site to evaluate the facilitys readiness for installation and possibly perform RF measurements in order to guarantee performance. The LGC Wireless Site Survey Questionnaire is included for your reference. Contents LGCell Site Planning and Design Project Management . 3 RF Coverage Estimate for a Site . 4 RF Measurements and Site Survey . 7 Site Survey Questionnaire . 7 3-2 LGCell Site Planning and Design Project Management Installing the LGCell system is easy after all of the pre-installation requirements are met. It is beneficial to have one person manage and coordinate all aspects of the planning, design, and installation. Managing the process should avoid unnecessary surprises. The project manager is the person responsible for assigning tasks and ensuring scheduled work is performed on time. This includes collecting all information necessary for a complete site assessment, getting cost estimates and purchase order

(PO) approval, scheduling any cabling work, scheduling the LGCell installation and commissioning, and providing final as-built documentation. The project manager also acts as the coordinator between the following people:

Cellular or PCS carrier RF engineer Site acquisition person MBS vendor MBS installer Cabling contractor(s) End user If you do not have a designated project manager, please contact LGC Wireless. We can provide you with an estimate of what it would cost to have LGC Wireless manage your project. Please call us at 1-800-530-9960 (in the U.S.). International customers, please call us at +1-408-487-2400. 3-3 2 weeks 4 weeks 1-5 days 1-3 days 1 hour per RAU Project Management Estimated Timeline Description Details Time Interval Detailed site walk-

through/RF survey Prepare installation information, including RF plan, floor plan, equipment order form, and final design. 2 weeks Get all standard parts and accessories required. 8 weeks Order LGCell equipment Select cabling contractor Order all other equipment Complete installation statement of work and provide floor plan with equipment locations, list of cabling runs, and other materials and connections. Get cabling quotation after walk-through. Get equipment from all vendors, including cables, connectors, MBS, surge protectors, and so on. Monitor order progress and shipment. Install cable Monitor installation. Install LGCell Review installation checklist and prepare all materials. Be sure there are no blank areas. Test installation and RF coverage Generate as-built document Prepare site plan diagram and coverage performance. 1-5 days RF Coverage Estimate for a Site To provide adequate RF coverage within a facility, you need a median signal level strong enough for good voice communications. As a guideline, you can refer to the following tables for general coverage areas, based on a design goal of 0 dBm output power per carrier, -85 dBm received signal strength (independent of communications protocol), 5 dB fade margin and 3 dBi antenna gain. 3-4 LGCell Site Planning and Design Antenna Coverage for 800/900 MHz Frequency Applications (0 dBm per carrier, 5 dB fade margin, -85 dBm design goal and 3 dBi antenna gain) Facility Manufacturing Hospital Airport Retail Warehouse Parking Garage PLS 27.3 28.8 27.3 27.7 27.3 26.8 Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet) 30,000 15,000 30,000 25,000 30,000 40,000 Antenna Coverage for 1800/1900 MHz Frequency Applications Facility Manufacturing Hospital Airport Retail Warehouse Parking Garage PLS 24.9 26.5 24.9 25.2 24.9 24.3 Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet) 25,000 10,000 25,000 20,000 25,000 35,000 Office Antenna Coverage for 800/900 MHz Frequency Applications Facility Open - 80% cubicles/20% offices 80% - 50% cubicles/50% offices 10% - 20% cubicles/80% offices PLS 27.7 28.2 28.8 Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet) 25,000 20,000 15,000 3-5 Office Antenna Coverage for 1800/1900 MHz Frequency Applications Facility Open - 80% cubicles/20% offices 80% - 50% cubicles/50% offices 10% - 20% cubicles/80% offices PLS 25.2 25.7 26.5 Coverage per Antenna (Square Feet) 20,000 15,000 10,000 The preceding tables show estimated clutter-defined path loss slope (PLS) for different frequencies at various kinds of sites. If you change the design goal or other parameters, these numbers will change based on the PLS. If the design parameters (output power per carrier, design goal, antenna gain, and fade margin) differ from those stated above, you can use the PLS value shown in the preceding tables in the following formula to estimate the area of coverage per antenna:

Path Loss Formulas Path Loss (dB) = PLS * log 4fD / c Note: Path Loss Slope = PLS dB/decade for free space loss D is the distance in meters f is the frequency in MHz c is the speed of light Path Loss=Power per Carrier + Antenna Gain - Fade Margin - Design Goal (dBm) D = [10(Path Loss / PLS)] x [c / (4f)]

To convert feet to meters:

Area = (D x 3.281)2 x The PLS is a general path loss number which takes into account free space loss and normal barriers to the RF signal. Severe obstructions such as metal, cement walls, or elevator shafts are best accounted for by a physical site survey. 3-6 LGCell Site Planning and Design As a reference the following table gives estimates of the signal loss for some RF barriers. Average Signal Loss of Common Building Materials Partition Type Metal wall Aluminum siding Concrete block wall Foil insulation Concrete floor Sheetrock Loss @ 815 MHz 26 dB 20 dB 13 dB 4 dB 15 dB 1.4 dB RF Measurements and Site Survey Before designing an LGCell system, one should go to the site and measure the loss characteristics of the building. To determine the amount of coverage per antenna, the best method is a test of RF propagation, which you can do on-site with a test transmitter and field strength meter. While at the site, one can use the following Site Survey Questionnaire to document site specifics. Site Survey Questionnaire You can use the LGC Wireless Site Survey Questionnaire to help design your LGCell system. A sample questionnaire follows. The following information is needed when you walk a site:

3-7 585 EAST BROKAW ROAD | SAN JOSE, CA 95112 | TEL 408.487.2400 | FAX 408.487.2410 Site Survey Questionaire Project Name:

Purchaser:

Address:

End-User:

Address:

Type of System Enhancement:

If BTS, what Manufacturer & Model #:

If BTS, what is the # of Subscribers:

Company Name:

Contact:

Phone:

E-Mail:

End-User Contact:

Phone:

E-Mail:

Coverage (BDA) Capacity (BTS) Wireless Office What is the desired downlink power at mobile (dBm):

Frequency(ies):

800

-75 Protocol(s):

AMPS DCS BHCR:

-80 900 iDEN Are Floor Plans Available (Including Map Scale):

Is Coverage Required Out Doors:

If Floor Plans are not available, how many Buildings are to be Covered:

How Many Floors per Building:

(Use the Add'l comments if needed) YES YES 1 6

# of Carriers:

Erlangs/Sub:

1900 TDMA CDMA 3 8 4 9 5 10

-85 1800 GSM NO NO 2 7 Total Square Footage to Cover per Building:

(Use the Add'l comments if needed) 1 =

6 =

2 =

7 =

3 =

8 =

4 =

9 =

5 =

10 =

Yes No Don't Know Are Exposed Antennas Tolerated Inside:

Are Exposed Antennas Tolerated Outside:

Locations for Main & Expansion Hubs Available (closets):

Are 19" Equipment Racks Available:

Is AC Power available at the Main and Expansion Hubs:

Are Multimode Fiber Optic Cables Already Available:

Are CAT 5 UTP/STP Runs Already Available:

Are LGC Wireless Services Required:

If so, which Services:

- Project Management:

- Site Survey:

- LGCell Equipment Install & Commissioning:

- CAT5, MMF, Coax & Antenna Installation:

Estimated Installation Start Date (Must Provide If Services are Needed):

Add'l Comments:

(Special install requirements, covered areas, contacts, et CONFIDENTIAL AND PROPRIETARY Not to be distributed without prior written consent of LGC Wireless Ver. 2.0 3-8 LGCell Site Planning and Design