FCC ID: PS6BR1000-A1 PacketWave 1000 Series MMDS Base Station

PACKETWAVE Fixed Broadband Wireless Access System PACKETWAVE 1000 SERIES BASE STATION EQUIPMENT Installation, Configuration, and Operation Manual 070-20000340-01 Rev. A, August, 2001 PacketWave 1000 Manual Copyright 2001 by Aperto Networks All rights reserved. Specifications subject to change. Aperto, PacketWave, WaveCenter, RapidBurst, OptimaLink, and ServiceQ are trademarks of Aperto Networks. All other trademarks used herein are the property of their respective owners. Aperto Networks 1637 South Main Street Milpitas, CA 95035 USA Phone: 408.719.9977 Fax: 408.719.9970 www.apertonet.com REGULATORY INFORMATION PART 15 This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two con-

ditions:

1) this device may not cause harmful electromagnetic interference, and 2) this device must accept any interference received including interference that may cause undes-

ired operations. FCC NOTICE: Radio and Television Interference The PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment has been tested and found to comply with the lim-

its for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful inter-

ference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment or device. Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's. Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance. RF Exposure Notice The installer shall mount all transmit antennas so as to comply with the limits for human exposure to radio frequency (RF) fields per paragraph 1.1307 of FCC regulations. The FCC requirements incor-

porate limits for Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) in terms of electric field strength, magnetic field strength, and power density. CAUTION (5.8 GHz UNII) To comply with FCC RF exposure requirements, antennas used for this device must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 1.5m from all persons. CAUTION (2.5 GHz MMDS) To comply with FCC RF exposure requirements in section 1.1307, a minimum separation distance of 20 cm. is required between this antenna and all persons. 070-20000330-01 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE Table of Contents Scope of This Manual . Conventions Used in This Manual . Intended Audience for this Manual . General Cautions and Warnings . ix x x xi CHAPTER 1. QUICKSTART GUIDE Planning, Site Preparation, and Configuration . Installing and Starting Base Station Equipment . Installing and Starting Subscriber Equipment . 1-2 1-5 1-6 CHAPTER 2. PACKETWAVE SYSTEM OVERVIEW 2-1 Conceptual Overview of the PacketWave System . 2-3 Cell Size, Capacity, and Scalability . 2-3 Multiple Frequency Bands . 2-4 IP-Based System . 2-4 Range of Backhaul Options . 2-4 Subscriber and Network Management . 2-5 Technological Innovations . 2-5 RapidBurst . 2-5 OptimaLink . 2-5 ServiceQ . 2-6 Base Station (Cell Site) Equipment . 2-6 Base Station Unit . 2-7 Multiple Base Station Units . 2-7 Base Station Radios and Antennas . Subscriber Site Equipment . 2-8 The PacketWave Systems IP Network . 2-10 Address Assignment . 2-13 Clustering Wireless Interfaces . 2-13 SU-to-SU Bridging . 2-13 Multiple Subnets on a Wireless Subsystem (WSS) . 2-14 Variable-Length Subnets (VLSM) . 2-15 Servers . 2-16 070-20000340-01 Rev A v TABLE OF CONTENTS DHCP Server . 2-16 TFTP Server . 2-16 SNTP Server . 2-17 DNS Server . 2-17 SMTP Server . 2-17 System Log Server (Syslog) . 2-17 SNMP Manager . 2-17 Configuration and Management Software . 2-19 WaveCenter Configuration Manager . 2-19 Web-Based GUI . 2-20 SNMP Agents . 2-20 Command Line Interface . 2-20 Service Offerings and QoS . 2-21 Concepts of PacketWave Service Level Definition . 2-21 Assigning Service Levels . 2-21 CHAPTER 3. SYSTEM PLANNING Cell Site Considerations . Subscriber Site Considerations . IP Planning: Addressing and Subnetting . Configuration Planning . Service Level Planning . 3-1 3-4 3-5 3-5 3-6 CHAPTER 4. INSTALLING BASE STATION UNITS Mounting . Front-Panel Connections . Connecting the Radios to the BSU . Connecting the Backhaul Link . Interconnecting Multiple BSUs at a Site . Connecting an External Reference Clock . Connecting to the Alarm/Control Relay Switch . Connecting to the RS-232 Craft Port . Connecting Power . AC Power . Fuse . 4-1 4-2 4-2 4-2 4-4 4-6 4-7 4-8 4-8 4-9 4-9 DC Power . 4-10 CHAPTER 5. INSTALLING RADIOS AND ANTENNAS Installing the Antenna Mounting System . Mounting the Antennas and Radios . Running the Radio Cables . Radio to Antenna . Radio to Base Station . Radio Signal Connection . Control Connection . DC Voltage Insertion for Extra-Long Cables . 070-20000340-01 Rev A 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-3 5-3 5-5 5-6 5-7 vi TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER 6. BSU AND SUBSCRIBER CONFIGURATION Installing the WaveCenter Configuration Manager . How the WaveCenter Configuration Manager Works . BSU and Subscriber Branches . Configuration Screen Formats . Managing Configuration Files . Opening and Loading Files . Saving Files . Downloading Configuration Files . Using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager . Base Station Configuration . 6-1 6-3 6-3 6-4 6-6 6-6 6-6 6-7 6-8 6-9 Configuring Wireless Subsystems (WSS) . 6-10 Frame Parameters . 6-11 Channel Parameters . 6-12 Radio Parameters . 6-14 Multiple Subnet Parameters . 6-14 CD Packet Parameters . 6-14 Preamble Parameters . 6-14 Configuring the Main Base Station Parameters . 6-17 General Parameters . 6-17 Server IP Parameters . 6-19 Bridging/Clustering Parameters . 6-19 Configuring SNMP Parameters . 6-19 Configuring Email Alert Parameters . 6-23 Subscriber Configuration . 6-24 Configuring Subscriber System Parameters . 6-25 Configuring Subscriber SNMP Parameters . 6-26 Configuring Packet Filters . 6-27 Configuring Service Flows . 6-28 Configuring Service Flow Classifiers . 6-32 Configuring Routing Functions . 6-35 Configuring Subscriber Email Alerts . 6-36 Configuring NAT Routing . 6-37 Configuring the Subscriber Indoor Units DHCP Server . 6-38 Other Configuration Methods . 6-39 CHAPTER 7. NETWORK CONFIGURATION AND START-UP Servers . Required and Recommended Servers . Optional Servers . Preparing the TFTP Server . Configuring the DHCP Server . System Start-Up . Adding Base Station Units and/or Subscribers . Other Configuration Methods . 070-20000340-01 Rev A 7-1 7-2 7-3 7-4 7-4 7-5 7-5 7-6 vii PREFACE This manual is part of the documentation for the PacketWave fixed broadband wireless system for delivering high-speed subscriber services. The PacketWave documentation set includes:

PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit Installation, Configuration, and Operation Manual: part number 070-20000340-0x PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation Man-

ual: part number 070-20000330-0x SCOPE OF THIS MANUAL This manual documents Release 1, Phase 1 (R1P1) of the PacketWave System This manual provides the following information:

A QuickStart section for rapidly placing a PacketWave System in operation. A conceptual overview of the PacketWave System. Descriptions of the PacketWave hardware components, including base station and subscriber equipment. Descriptions of the PacketWave software components, including configuration programs, management interfaces, installation utilities, and monitoring/diag-

nostic functions. System and site planning information. Complete installation instructions for base station equipment. System configuration, management, and diagnostic procedures. Installation and operating instructions for subscriber equipment (CPE) are provided in the PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation manual. 070-20000340-01 Rev A ix CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS MANUAL PREFA CE PacketWave manuals represent special kinds of text as follows:

Files names and URLs are represented in italics, with variables described inside angle brackets. For example, if the URL http://<IP address>/bsu.htm is refer-

enced, you will replace the variable <IP address> with the appropriate real IP address. Management interface text is represented by a bold font: for example, the Generate Config File button. Labels on equipment are represented in a bold sans serif font: for example, the Control connector. WARNING: This format is used to indicate the possibility of personal injury or serious damage to equipment. CAUTION:

This format is used to indicate the possibility of system or equip-

ment operation problems. Items of special importance will be formatted and marked by a pointing-hand icon, as this paragraph is. INTENDED AUDIENCE FOR THIS MANUAL This manual is intended for system designers and planners, base station installers, system operators, and others requiring or desiring information about the PacketWave System. It provides information specific to the PacketWave system, but cannot and should not be considered a tutorial on relevant technologies and practices. It is expected that system designers and planners are knowledgeable about radio communications, cellular communication systems, and IP networks. Tutorials on these subjects are beyond the scope of this manual, and are readily available in pub-

lished and on-line materials. Installation of radio equipment involves numerous factors, such as lightning and weather protection, requiring considerable expertise. It is assumed that equipment installers are professionals with knowledge of the principles and standard practices and procedures of cell site installation, with all relevant safety requirements, and with applicable local building codes. 070-20000340-01 Rev A x GENERAL CAUTIONS AND WARNINGS PREFA CE Observe the following when installing or operating any PacketWave System compo-

nents. All installation, including equipment mounting and cabling, should be performed by trained microwave radio technicians familiar with usual and customary practices and procedures. Always use quality componentsincluding cables, connectors, mounts, etc.spe-

cifically rated for your particular environmental conditions and system performance requirements. Always use appropriate tools, and follow the instructions of the tool manufacturers. Observe all applicable local building codes. Observe all customary and mandatory safety requirements when installing and operating PacketWave equipment. Because Aperto cannot be responsible for improper installation or use of its equip-

ment, failure to follow these and other published cautions and warnings may void your equipment warranty. 070-20000340-01 Rev A xi PREFA CE 070-20000340-01 Rev A xii 1 QUICKSTART GUIDE This chapter outlines the basic procedure for installing a PacketWave System and put-

ting it into operation. It identifies the minimal requirements for getting the system up and running. WARNING: This QuickStart Guide assumes that installation procedures will be performed by qualified professionals following all safety and other requirements and acting in accordance with standard prac-

tices and procedures. Failure to meet safety requirements and/or non-standard practices and procedures could result in personal injury and/or damage to equipment. All of the instructions presented in this chapter are discussed in more detail in subse-

quent chapters of this manual and in the PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equip-

ment Installation and Operation manual. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 11 CHAP TER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE PLANNING, SITE PREPARATION, AND CONFIGURATION Before you begin installing the PacketWave equipment, make sure you properly plan the overall system and individual sites. Step 1. Determine and Prepare Locations A. Make sure that the base station is located such that it can communicate with sub-

scribers. Cell sector width may be 60 or 90, depending on the antenna chosen. Distance between base station and subscriber site may be up to 5 miles for line-

of-sight or near-line-of sight communications, or up to 1 mile for non-line-of-

site communications. B. Make sure that the base station site includes a proper mounting structure for the radios and antennas, and an indoor location for the Base Station Unit. Maximum cable length is 165 feet (50 m) without dc insertion from an external source. C. Make sure all subscriber sites have an appropriate radio/antenna support or mounting location. Maximum cable length between subscriber Indoor Units

(bridge/routers) and Outdoor Units (radio/antennas) is 165 feet (50 m) without dc insertion from an external source. Step 2. Define IP Networking A. Each cell sector is served by a separate wireless subsystem (WSS) in the Base Station Unit. The WSS wireless interface will be the gateway for all subscribers it serves, which typically define a single subnet. Determine the WSS interface

(gateway) address based on the available IP address space and desired subnetting. NOTE: The PacketWave System supports VLSM. B. The Base Station Unit requires a DHCP server from which it and subscribers receives IP addresses and other basic configuration information, and a TFTP server from which they download configuration files. i. The DHCP server, or a DHCP relay agent pointing to it, must be on the same subnet as the BSUs backhaul interface for the BSU to locate the DHCP server. ii. The address of the TFTP server is provided by the DHCP server, so may be any reachable IP address. C. If SNTP (time), SMTP (mail), SNMP, and/or Syslog servers are to be imple-

mented, their IP addresses will be required during BSU configuration. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 12 Step 3. Create BSU Configuration File(s) CHA PTER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE A. Load and run the WaveCenter Configuration Manager program (provided on CD). NOTE: The program can be run on the TFTP server or another computer from which the files can be downloaded to the TFTP server. The Configuration Manager runs on Windows 98, NT, or 2000 Professional; Linux; or Sun Solaris. B. From the opening screen, click on the BSU icon to open the BSU Configuration Manager. For WSS 1:

i. Go to the WSS Multiple Subnets menu and specify the WSS IP Address and WSS Subnet Mask (mandatory). NOTE: If multiple subnets are to be implemented for the WSS, click on the new instance icon and repeat the step above until all subnets are defined. ii. Go to the WSS Channel menu and specify the Channel Center Frequency (mandatory). iii. If desired, configure any optional WSS parameters as described in Chapter 6 of this manual. iv. Save the configuration by clicking the Generate WSS Config button and following the prompts. v. For an additional WSS, click on the new instance icon on the WSS Mul-

tiple Subnets menu, which will increment the WSS number (Host ID). Then return to step i above. When all WSS are configured, proceed to the step C. C. Go to the MAIN General menu and specify the Base Station Units MAC Address. D. If desired, configure any optional BSU parameters (MAIN, SNMP, and ALERTS menus) as described in Chapter 6 of this manual. E. When all configuration has been completed, generate the BSU configuration file by clicking on the Generate BSU Config button and following the prompts. Save the config file with a name uniquely linking it to the BSU; Aperto recommends the default format bsc_<MACaddress>.cfg. F. Close the BSU Configuration Manager. If there are additional BSUs to configure, return to step B. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 13 Step 4. Create Subscriber Configuration Files CHAP TER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE A. From the WaveCenter Configuration Managers opening screen, click on the subscriber Indoor Unit icon to open the subscriber (CPE) Configuration Manager option. i. Go to the System menu and specify the MAC address, CPE Mode and CPE Model (mandatory). ii. iii. If the CPE Mode is NAT, you may go to the NAT menu and configure as desired. However, the defaults will work for basic operation. If the CPE Mode is Router, you may go to the Router menu and configure as desired. However, the defaults will work for basic operation. (Standard routing is not supported in R1P1.) B. If desired, configure any other optional subscriber parameters as described in Chapter 6 of this manual. C. When all configuration has been completed, generate the subscriber configuration file by clicking on the Generate Configuration File button and following the prompts. Save the config file with a name uniquely linking it to the subscriber Indoor Unit; Aperto recommends the default format cpe_<MACaddress>.cfg. D. Close the CPE Configuration Manager. If there are additional subscribers to configure, return to step A. Step 5. Configure the TFTP and DHCP Servers A. Download all BSU and subscriber configuration files to the default TFTP direc-

tory on the TFTP server. B. Configure the DHCP server for the following:

IP address and subnet mask for TFTP server, and for other servers as desired. Range(s) of assignable addresses, with subnet masks and gateway addresses. BSU MAC address and the name of the corresponding configuration file to be found on the TFTP server. For each subscriber Indoor Unit, its MAC address and the name of the corre-

sponding configuration file to be found on the TFTP server. NOTE: If desired, different DHCP servers can be defined for the BSU and for sub-

scribers. C. Make sure that the DHCP and TFTP servers are running. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 14 CHA PTER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE INSTALLING AND STARTING BASE STATION EQUIPMENT The steps in this section outline the physical installation of the base station equipment.

(See Chapters 4 and 5 of this manual for details.) Step 6. Install Base Station Radios and Antennas A. Mount the PacketWave radios and antennas on the antenna mast or other support structure using the mounting brackets supplied, or other brackets as required by the support structure. Observe minimum distances between antennas and maxi-

mum radio-to-antenna distances. B. Connect the radios RF jumper cables to the appropriate connectors on the antenna. C. Install radio signal and control cables between each radio and the Base Station Unit location. Label the cable ends to prevent misconnections.

- Radio signal cable (RG6, 75 ohm, quad shield coaxial, male F connectors)

- Radio control cable (shielded outdoor Cat 5, male RJ45 connectors) The Radio Control interface on the Base Station has the same physical appearance as the 10/100Base-T interface. Make sure you connect to the right one. Step 7. Install the Base Station Unit A. Mount the Base Station Unit in an equipment rack, allowing for adequate air flow around and through the unit. B. Connect the radio signal and control cables from the outdoor radios to the proper ports on the BSU front panel. NOTE: No other connections to the front panel are necessary for a site with a single BSU. See Chapter 4 for discussions of optional connections and/or multiple BSUs. C. Connect 120 V ac or -48 V dc to the rear panel connector, as appropriate. Connecting power will cause the Base Station Unit to boot up, locate the DHCP server and obtain basic configuration information from it, then download its full configuration file from the TFTP server. NOTE: If power is connected before the DHCP server is configured and the BSUs configuration file is available in the TFTP server, or if either of the servers is unreachable, the BSU will power up in standby mode. It will need to be rebooted when the servers are fully configured and reachable. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 15 CHAP TER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE After the first successful loading of the BSU configuration file from the TFTP server, the configuration will be stored in nonvolatile memory on the BSU. Thus, if the BSU is rebooted when the TFTP server is unreachable, the BSU will operate with its exist-

ing configuration rather than going into standby mode. INSTALLING AND STARTING SUBSCRIBER EQUIPMENT The steps in this section outline the physical installation and initialization of equip-

ment at the subscriber site. See the PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation manual for details. Step 8. Prepare for Installation A. Before visiting the subscribers site:

i. Make sure that the necessary system configuration has taken place, as described in the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit Installation, Configu-

ration, and Operation manual. ii. Make sure that the DHCP and TFTP servers are running. iii. Verify that the subscriber configuration file has been created and saved on the TFTP server. iv. Verify that the DHCP server has been configured with the subscribers IP and MAC addresses and its configuration file name. B. At the subscribers site:

i. ii. Identify the location for the Indoor Unit (bridge/router). Identify an appropriate location for mounting the Outdoor Unit, where it can be pointed at the base station with the least possible obstruction iii. Determine the cable path between the Indoor Unit and the Outdoor Unit. Maximum cable length is 165 feet (50 m). Step 9. Install the Outdoor Unit (Radio/Antenna) A. If a mounting pole or other support is to be employed, install it in the chosen loca-

tion, following standard procedures and local building codes. The Outdoor Units mounting bracket accommodates diameters of 1.5 inches, 2 inches, or 5 cm. B. Mount the Outdoor Unit to the support or to the building. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 16 Step 10. Install the Indoor Unit (Bridge/Router) CHA PTER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE A. To start, in most cases, the Indoor Unit should be temporarily placed close to the Outdoor Unit to facilitate antenna alignment process. When the installation of the-

Outdoor Unit is complete, move the Indoor Unit to its permanent location. Make sure the Indoor Unit is located near an electrical power outlet or power extension cord will be needed. WARNING: For proper cooling, the Indoor Unit must be installed in the upright position, with adequate air flow around and through it. B. Assuming that the Indoor Unit is located at a temporary location, run spare radio signal and control cables between the Outdoor and Indoor Units.

- Radio signal cable (quad shield coaxial, male F connectors) Radio RF connectors on the Outdoor and Indoor Units.

- Radio control cable (shielded outdoor Cat 5, male RJ45 connectors) Radio Control connectors on the Outdoor and Indoor Units. The Radio Control interface on the Indoor Unit has the same physical appearance as the 10/100Base-T interface. Make sure you connect to the right one. Step 11. Initialize the Subscriber Equipment A. Connect the power module between the Indoor Unit and a wall outlet. B. Perform antenna alignment procedure (see the PacketWave 100 Subscriber Equip-

ment manual, or the addendum on this subject). C. If the Indoor Unit is located at a temporary location, move the Indoor Unit to its permanent location. WARNING: For proper cooling, the Indoor Unit must be installed in the upright position, with adequate air flow around and through it. D. Use the permanent radio signal and control cables to connect the Outdoor Unit to the Indoor Unit.

- Radio signal cable (RG6, 75 ohm, quad shield coaxial, male F connectors) between Radio RF connectors on the Outdoor and Indoor Units.

- Radio control cable (shielded outdoor Cat 5, male RJ45 connectors) between Radio Control connectors on the Outdoor and Indoor Units. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 17 CHAP TER 1. Q UICKSTAR T GUIDE Step 12. Configure Subscriber Hosts A. Connect the subscribers computer(s) to the 10/100Base-T interface on the Indoor Unit, using a straight Ethernet cable for connection to a hub or a crossover Ether-

net cable for connection directly to a computer. B. Typically, the only other thing necessary to connect a subscriber host computer to the PacketWave network and beyond is to configure the hosts TCP/IP to obtain its IP address using DHCP. Instructions should be available using the computers online help 070-20000340-01 Rev A 18 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW 070-20000340-01 Rev A 22 Cell Size, Capacity, and Scalability CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Apertos advanced wireless technologies support a wide range of cell requirements, and make PacketWave an exceptionally scalable solution. PacketWave cell specifica-

tions include:

Cell radius can easily reach 5 miles (8 km) with line-of-site transmission paths, or about 1 mile (1.6 km) with obstructed paths. Each Base Station Unit can support up to 250 subscribers per sector, with a maximum of six sectors. A cell can employ multiple Base Station Units. Thus, a single cell can serve thousands of subscribers. The bandwidth capacity for a Base Station Unit is 120 Mbps, based on a max-

imum raw bit rate of 20 Mbps per sector. Subscriber data rates can be individually configured from 384 kbps to 10 Mbps;

with bursts to 20 Mbps. The ratio of downstream to upstream traffic can be adjusted between 90%

downstream/10% upstream and 90% upstream/10% downstream. The PacketWave System ensures that a wireless network can grow to thousands of subscribers in urban or suburban areas through high frequency reuse and dense multicell deployment. Combining high frequency reuse with advanced interference management and mitigation techniques, the PacketWave System conserves valuable spectrum by covering extensive geographical areas with a minimum number of channels. As the number of subscribers and the bandwidth needs in a cell increase, new sectors can be added, and multiple PacketWave 1000 Base Station Units can be stacked to provide additional bandwidth using multiple channels per sector. To extend service offerings geographically, a service provider simply deploys additional cells. Multiple Frequency Bands The PacketWave System can be deployed in the standard frequency bands used vari-

ously throughout the world for licensed or unlicensed wireless broadband networking. The PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit can support PacketWave radios and antennas operating in 2.5 GHz MMDS, 3.5 GHz FWA, 5.3 GHz, and 5.8 GHz U-NII bands with no physical or software reconfiguration. Similarly, any PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Indoor Unit (bridge/router) can support the same range of frequency bands. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 23 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW IP-Based System The PacketWave System leads the industry in the implementation of advanced IP fea-

tures and services. Packet filtering, DHCP snooping, and ARP snooping conserve bandwidth for subscriber traffic. Support for IP RIP routing, multiple subnets per sec-

tor, Variable-Length Subnet Mask (VLSM), and Classless Internet Domain Routing

(CIDR) ensure complete control of IP address management and network configura-

tion. PacketWave Series 100 Subscriber Indoor Units support bridging, IP routing, and NAT for flexible deployment. Because the PacketWave System is based on IP end-to-end and IP networking skills and resources are relatively common, the PacketWave solution helps service providers to control costs, expand service options, expedite configuration, simplify connection to the Internet, and minimize time to market. The ubiquity of IP also allows native support for value-added Internet applications such as VPN, web hosting, and video-

conferencing. Range of Backhaul Options The PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit offers both flexible and cost-effective solu-

tions to connect to backhaul networks. In its basic configuration, PacketWave 1000 supports 10/100 Mbps Ethernet. This enables the PacketWave 1000 to connect directly to an Ethernet-based MAN or, through an external router, to a variety of broadband network technologies. Through future plug-in modules, other backhaul options, such as ATM, will be directly supported. In addition, external optical or high-

capacity wireless backhaul such as millimeter wave technology can be implemented. Where other backhaul options are not available, one of the Base Station Units wire-

less channels can provide a link to a backhaul network. Whatever the backhaul option, quality of service (QoS) is maintained throughout the network using either IP Differentiated Services (DiffServ), ATM Service Categories, or MPLS. Subscriber and Network Management The PacketWave System simplifies subscriber and network management by using GUI-based tools, standard protocols, and industry-standard platforms. One of these tools is the highly-scalable, Java-based WaveCenter Configuration Manager, which automates the subscriber provisioning process. In addition to the WaveCenter Configuration Manager, the PacketWave System also includes Web-based and SNMP-compliant network management software for configuration, fault, perfor-

mance, and security management. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 24 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Technological Innovations At the heart of PacketWave's revolutionary performance are three innovative Aperto Networks technologies: RapidBurst, OptimaLink, and ServiceQ. RapidBurst RapidBurst technology enables the PacketWave System to achieve exceptionally low latency and high spectral efficiency. Advanced Time Division Multiple Access

(TDMA) burst mode ensures maximum flexibility and efficiency in both upstream and downstream transmissions. Adaptive Time Division Duplexing (TDD) allows operation in a single channel anywhere in the spectrum. Dynamic bandwidth alloca-

tion assigns time slots and packet sizes depending on specific traffic flows. With RapidBurst , the PacketWave System provides up to 120 Mbps of bandwidth per cell with one base station. OptimaLink OptimaLink technology individually optimizes the reliability and throughput of each Subscriber wireless channel by dynamically adjusting up to ten PHY- and MAC-layer parameters. The result is increased coverage, extending broadband services to subscribers who would otherwise be unreachable due to obstructed-line-of-sight or non-line-of-sight conditions. ServiceQ ServiceQ technology provides different quality of service (QoS) levels to subscribers on a flow-by-flow basis enabling differentiated service offerings and effective man-

agement of service level agreements (SLAs). Various service levels can be defined in three service classesConstant Bit Rate (CBR), Committed Information Rate (CIR), and Best Effort (BE). The percentage of bandwidth allocated to each service class is adjustable depending on the mix of service offerings. ServiceQ supports high-quality video and telephony applications. Each service flow can be associated with a specific host or application and can be assigned to any service class, so application-specific services with QoS can be offered. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 25 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW BASE STATION (CELL SITE) EQUIPMENT PacketWave base station equipment includes the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit and associated radios and antennas. Base Station Unit The PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit, shown in Figure2-2 , is a single rack-

mounting controller unit which supports any of the PacketWave System radio and backhaul options. There are two models, one with an ac power supply and one with a dc power supply. Figure2-2 PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit In the basic configuration pictured, the PacketWave 1000 includes:

Four built-in wireless interfaces for connection to radios and their associated antennas. A 10/100Base-TX Ethernet backhaul interface. Synchronization interfaces for multiple colocated Base Station Units. A local RS-232 craft management port. An external clock interface. A dry-contact relay which can be configured to operate a local alarm device or to control redundant equipment such as a backup radio and antenna. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 26 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Two slots for plug-in modules.

- One slot will support a dual wireless interface unit, allowing a total of six wireless interfaces in the Base Station Unit.

- The second slot will support an alternative backhaul interface. Modules sup-

porting additional backhaul options, including ATM, are under development. Multiple Base Station Units Subscriber density and bandwidth requirements may combine to exceed the capacity of a single Base Station Unit. Part of the scalability built into the PacketWave System is the ability to colocate and link multiple Base Station Units at a cell site. Through the use of different center frequencies within the systems frequency band, sectors can be overlaid within the cell to serve additional subscribers, providing a virtually unlim-

ited growth path. To coordinate the Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and Time Division Duplexing (TDD) on which the PacketWave wireless communication is based, it is necessary for all Base Station Units in a cell to be synchronized in terms of signal framing and time slot identification. Sync ports on the Base Station Unit allow all units to share the same framing, with inputs for a main and alternate BSU to provide the framing signal. Base Station Radios and Antennas PacketWave base station radios and antennas deliver the benefits of a single-source, thoroughly-tested base station package. Radios and antennas are available for the following frequency bands:

2.5 GHz MMDS 3.5 GHz FWA 5.3 GHz U-NII 5.8 GHz U-NII There are also different antenna models available for 60 and 90 sectors. Radios and antennas are designed for mounting outdoors on tubular antenna masts or similar supports. Details are provided in Chapter 5. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 27 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW SUBSCRIBER SITE EQUIPMENT PacketWave equipment installed at the subscriber site consists of an subscriber Indoor Unit (a bridge/router between the wireless subnet and the subscribers computer or LAN), and an outdoor integrated radio/antenna unit. The two units are illustrated in Figure2-3 . There are four models of radios, for support of different frequency bands:

2.5 GHz MMDS 3.5 GHz FWA 5.3 GHz U-NII 5.8 GHz U-NII Radio/antenna units vary in size, depending on the frequency band. Each subscriber Indoor Unit can support any of the integrated radio/antenna units. (Of course, the radios frequency band must match that employed at the base station.) The radio/antenna unit is usually installed on the subscribers roof or under the eave, mounted either on a pole or to a flat surface. It is also possible to mount a radio/

antenna unit in a window if a suitable transmission path is available. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 28 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW There are three models of the Indoor Unit: the PacketWave 110, 120, and 130. R1P1 supports only the PacketWave 130, which can function as either a bridge or a NAT router as illustrated in Figure2-4 . Bridging Mode NAT Router Mode Figure2-4 PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Indoor Units 070-20000340-01 Rev A 29 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW THE PACKETW AVE SYSTEMS IP NETWORK The PacketWave System uses IP for the backhaul channel and the wireless channels. Overall, the system has the following network architecture, as shown in Figure2-5. The Base Station Units backhaul channel is part of a subnet which includes:

- A gateway to the outside world (Internet or private network).

- Access to a DHCP server (either the DHCP server or a DHCP relay agent must be on the same subnet as the BSUs backhaul interface).

- Access to a TFTP server identified by the DHCP server. Each wireless interface is the gateway for a subnet comprising itself and the subscriber Indoor Units with which it communicates, and perhaps some or all of the hosts at the subscriber sites. NOTE: A wireless interface can be configured for multiple subnets, if desired. Also, two or more wireless interfaces can be clustered in the same subnet. These options are discussed in detail later in this section. Subnets may be implemented at subscriber sites. Figure2-6 shows various options. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 210 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Figure2-5 PacketWave System IP Architecture 070-20000340-01 Rev A 211 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Figure2-6 PacketWave Subscriber Indoor Unit and Host IP Addressing 070-20000340-01 Rev A 212 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Address Assignment The PacketWave System supports DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol), which manages IP address assignment for most interfaces in the PacketWave network. In the configuration of the DHCP server, the PacketWave System IP addresses must be fixedi.e., reserved for the specific units; they cannot be dynamically assigned. Specifically, PacketWave System IP addresses are distributed as follows:

The Base Station Unit receives the IP address of its backhaul interface from the DHCP server for its subnet. The Base Station Units wireless interfaces (WSS) are assigned IP addresses as part of the BSU configuration (using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager). Subscriber Indoor Units receive the IP addresses of their wireless interfaces from the DHCP server, via a DHCP relay agent in the Base Station Unit. Subscriber hosts can receive IP addresses in a variety of ways (see Figure2-6 ):

- From the BSUs DHCP server, via DHCP relay agents in the subscriber Indoor Unit and the Base Station Unit.

- From a DHCP server included in the subscriber Indoor Unit.

- From a DHCP server on the subscribers subnet.

- Using NAT (Network Address Translation), provided by the PacketWave Subscriber Indoor Unit or by a NAT router on the subscribers subnet.

- By manual entry at the hosts. Clustering Wireless Interfaces To enhance flexibility in the use of a particular IP address space, the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit allows multiple wireless interfaces to be assigned to the same subnet. This is done during BSU configuration using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager. SU-to-SU Bridging To make communication within the wireless subnets more efficient, the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit supports bridging between subscribers on the same subnet. SU-to-SU bridging is enabled or disabled during BSU configuration using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 213 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Multiple Subnets on a Wireless Subsystem (WSS) To enable one wireless interface to support subscribers for two or more service pro-

viders, the PacketWave 1000 Base Station Unit allows multiple subnets to be assigned to the same wireless interface. This is done during BSU configuration using the Wave-

Center Configuration Manager. Figure2-7 shows multiple subnets on a wireless interface. Note that when a sub-

scriber Indoor Unit uses DHCP to request an address, neither the BSU (as DHCP relay agent) nor the DHCP server can determine from the request which subnet the SU should be assigned to. Therefore, IP and MAC addresses for all subscriber Indoor Units on the wireless system must be manually entered into the DHCP server. Figure2-7 Multiple Subnets on a WSS 070-20000340-01 Rev A 214 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Variable-Length Subnets (VLSM) The PacketWave System supports Variable-Length Subnet Masking (VLSM). The essential characteristic of VLSM is that any number of contiguous final bits in an IP address can define a subnet, meaning that subnets need not be limited to Class A, B, or C sizes. Using VLSM addressing techniques (such as recursive subnetting) can simplify routing and allow more efficient use of IP address space. Figure2-8 shows an example of VLSM addressing in a PacketWave network. A full discussion of VLSM is beyond the scope this manual, but detailed information can be found in numerous books and online sources. Figure2-8 VLSM on a PacketWave System 070-20000340-01 Rev A 215 Servers CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Each Base Station Unit requires access to DHCP and TFTP servers to boot up prop-

erly. Access to additional servers is required for the support of specific features. For additional information about PacketWave System servers, including the configu-

ration of a DHCP server, see Chapter 7. DHCP Server The DHCP server assigns IP addresses to all of the PacketWave interfaces except the Base Station Units wireless interfaces. It also tells each Base Station Unit and sub-

scriber Indoor Unit the name of its configuration file, its default gateway, and the addresses of other servers. Thus, the DHCP server is critical to the ability of PacketWave Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units to communicate with the rest of the Internet. Because DHCP is based on a broadcast request from a client, and the Base Station Unit is a DHCP client, the DHCP server or a DHCP relay agent must be located on the same subnet as the Base Station Units backhaul interface. TFTP Server For the PacketWave System, the main function of the TFTP server is to store the system configuration files, and download them on request. Each Base Station Unit and subscriber Indoor Unit requests its configuration file on hardware or software reboot

(cold or warm start). Each Base Station Unit and subscriber Indoor Unit stores its configuration in non-volatile memory. When it reboots, it downloads the latest configuration from the TFTP server if it is able to, and then makes any changes to its configuration based on a comparison of the downloaded configuration with the stored configu-

ration. If the device cannot successfully download its configuration from the TFTP server, it operates with its stored configuration. The TFTP server is also used to distribute software updates to Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units as follows:

The new software file is placed on the TFTP server. The configuration file for each unit to be downloaded is modified to specify the new software, and then re-saved on the TFTP server. Each unit to be downloaded is rebooted. During reboot, a unit gets its new con-

figuration file, learns that a new software file is specified, and downloads the software from the TFTP server. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 216 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW SNTP Server The Base Station Unit typically derives the time and date from an SNTP (Simple Network Time Protocol) server identified by the DHCP server. The BSU includes time zone and daylight savings time parameters which it applies to the received time and date as appropriate. NOTE: Alternatively, date and time can be set via the Web and SNMP interfaces. Subscriber Indoor Units use the BSU as their time server. DNS Server The DHCP server should identify an DNS server to be used in the resolution of Internet domain names. SMTP Server The PacketWave Base Station Unit can use email to announce events. If this feature is to be used, an SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) server must be specified. System Log Server (Syslog) If a Syslog server is identified either by the DHCP server or in the BSU configuration, the Base Station Unit will log all events to the specified server using the standard Syslog protocol. SNMP Manager PacketWave Base Stations and subscriber Indoor Units include built-in SNMP (Sim-

ple Network Management Protocol) agents. These agents can be accessed by SNMP managers as specified in the system configuration. NOTE: PacketWave SNMP agents use SNMP v.2 syntax for objects. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 217 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Figure2-9 PacketWave Servers and Management Access 070-20000340-01 Rev A 218 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW CONFIGURATION AND MANAGEMENT SOFTWARE The PacketWave System includes the WaveCenter Configuration Manager for devel-

oping and maintaining the systems configuration files. It also includes a browser-

accessible Web GUI interface and an SNMP interface for real-time monitoring and management, plus a basic ASCII command line interface (CLI) for debugging/

troubleshooting. Figure2-9 shows the PacketWave Systems management access. Only configuration changes made using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager affect the PacketWave Systems configuration data base. While some configura-

tion can be performed via the Web and SNMP interfaces, these changes are lost if the configured equipment (Base Station or subscriber Indoor Unit) is rebooted. WaveCenter Configuration Manager The WaveCenter Configuration Manager (CM) is a Java-based application used to configure PacketWave base station and subscriber equipment. It runs on any of the following platforms:

Windows 98 Windows NT Windows 2000 Professional Linux Sun Solaris NOTE: The platform on which the WaveCenter Configuration Manager is run must include the Java Runtime Environment (JRE). JRE is included on the WaveCenter distribution CD. The Configuration Manager is used to create individual Base Station Unit and subscriber configuration files. These files are then stored on the systems TFTP server, from which they are downloaded automatically by Base Station Units and sub-

scriber Indoor Units as part of their boot-up processes. The PacketWave Configuration Manager has two parts: a Base Station Unit Config-

uration Manager and a Subscriber (CPE) Configuration Manager. Each consists of multiple menus which in combination allow full configuration of the PacketWave System components. A complete description of the Configuration Manager and its use is given in Chapter 6 of this manual. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 219 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Web-Based GUI For real-time monitoring and limited configuration of the Base Station Unit and all of its subscriber sites, the Base Station Unit supports a graphical user interface (GUI) accessible via the IP network using a standard browser (currently, Netscape 4.74 or Internet Explorer 5.0). The Web interface includes network views, performance graphs, and event logs. Details of the Web interface are given in Chapter 8 of this manual. SNMP Agents For real-time monitoring and limited configuration, each Base Station Unit and sub-

scriber Indoor Unit includes a built-in SNMP agent with trap support. (In R1P1, all SNMP parameters are read-only). More information about SNMP capability in Chapter 8 of this manual. Command Line Interface An ASCII command line interface (CLI) provides a compact set of commands which are intended primarily for system troubleshooting by Aperto personnel or other qualified technicians. The CLI can be accessed via Telnet or directly through the Base Station Units front-panel RS-232 port. An overview of the CLI is given in Chapter 8 of this manual. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 220 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW SERVICE OFFERINGS AND QOS The PacketWave System is designed to give service providers extreme freedom in the definition of multiple services and the specification of quality-of-service (QoS) levels. Before configuring individual subscribers, services and QoS parameters need to be identified. Factors involved include:

Service Class, which may be:

- Best Effort (BE)

- Committed Information Rate (CIR)

- Constant Bit Rate (CBR) Type of Service (TOS) Overall and peak bandwidths Concepts of PacketWave Service Level Definition The PacketWave quality-of-service (QoS) capability is based on sets of classifiers and service flows, and links between the two, as shown in Figure2-10. A classifier is one or more layer 2 and/or layer 3 parameters which will identify a particular traffic flow. A service flow is a set of parameters which will determine the performance characteristics (QoS) of traffic assigned to that flow. When a classifier is defined, it is assigned to a specific service flow. Thus, any traffic meeting the classifier specifications will be transmitted according to the performance characteristics of its assigned service flow. Assigning Service Levels Service levels are assigned in the individual SU configuration files, allowing for max-

imum flexibility in differentiating service among subscribers. Details of service level specification are provided in Chapter 6. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 221 CHA PTER 2. PA CKETWA VE SY STEM OVER VIEW Figure2-10 PacketWave Service Levels 070-20000340-01 Rev A 222 3 SYSTEM PLANNING This chapter summarizes issues related to the planning of a PacketWave System. CELL SITE CONSIDERATIONS The planning of a wireless cell site is a complex task requiring the knowledge and skill of trained professionals. Location is of course a prime consideration, as are more technical factors such as interference management and lightning protection. Aperto expects that the cell site will be carefully thought out and professionally developed, and that recognized procedures and codes will be faithfully observed. When planning a cell site, take into account the following characteristics of the PacketWave System:

Base Station Location While line-of-sight paths are not required between PacketWave antennas at the base station and subscriber site, performance is improved when transmission paths are unobstructed. Do whatever is practical to minimize actual or potential transmission obstructions. Antenna and Radio Issues PacketWave base station antennas and radios are typically mounted on an antenna mast or tower, and include mounting brackets for attachment to tubular structures (pipes). If a mounting structure already exists, you will need to determine its suitability to the physical and radio characteristics of the PacketWave components. If no mounting structure exists or the existing one is not suitable, you will need to determine what type of mounting structure is appropriate, then obtain and install the structure. You will also need to determine the method by which antennas and radio will be mounted to the structure, and obtain appropriate hardware if the standard hard-

ware included with the PacketWave components is not appropriate. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 31 SUBSCRIBER SITE CONSIDERATIONS CHAP TER 3. SY STEM PLA NNING Locations of subscriber sites are determined by the subscribers, within the limits of the wireless cell. When implementing a subscriber site, consider the following:

Subscriber Indoor Unit Make sure the model chosen matches the sub-

scribers requirements for bridging/routing and host capacity. Radio Frequency Band Make sure the PacketWave radio/antenna unit operates in the wireless cells frequency band. Cabling You will need to supply cables for connecting the subscriber Indoor Unit to the outdoor radio/antenna, and for connecting the subscriber Indoor Unit to the subscribers computer or LAN. Table3-C identifies the cables that you will need to supply. (Cabling instructions are included in the PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation manual.) More complete planning instructions for the subscriber site are included in the PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation manual. Table3-C Subscriber Site Cable Requirements Connection Qty Cable Type Ethernet (1) Cat 5 Radio Signal (1) Coaxial, quad shield Radio Control (1) Cat 5, ourdoor rated Max. Length 330 ft (100 m) 165 ft (50 m) 165 ft (50 m) Connectors RJ45 male Male F type RJ45 male 070-20000340-01 Rev A 34 IP PLANNING: ADDRESSING AND SUBNETTING CHA PTER 3. SY STEM PLA NNING When planning a PacketWave System, make sure you fully understand the systems IP networking principles and requirements as discussed in Chapter 2. Plan the network carefully; then document the various subnets and the individual IP addresses. A topological diagram, while not required, will provide the most readily understandable network documentation. Make sure that the network plan includes the following:

Base Station Units MAC address (needed for DHCP configuration). Subnet and IP address for the Base Station Units backhaul interface. Default gateway for the Base Station Units backhaul interface. Servers accessible by the Base Station Unit. Wireless subnets, and IP addresses for the Base Station Units WSS interfaces. MAC addresses of individual subscriber Indoor Units, matched to subscriber site (needed for DHCP configuration). IP address for each subscriber Indoor Units wireless interface. Default gateways for subscriber Indoor Units (Base Station Unit WSS inter-

faces). Subscriber LAN subnets and IP addresses, as appropriate. Instructions for configuring a DHCP server with the above information are provided in Chapter 7. CONFIGURATION PLANNING Each Base Station Unit and subscriber requires a separate configuration file which must be generated using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager. For basic operation, very simple configurations will suffice; the parameters which must be specified are:

Base Station Unit MAC address; WSS interface IP addresses and subnet masks; wireless channel center frequencies. Subscriber Indoor Unit MAC address; mode (bridge, router, or NAT);

model number. However, there are numerous other parameters which can be specified to aid in net-

work administration, to add features, or to adjust performance. Details are provided in Chapter 6 of this manual. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 35 CHAP TER 3. SY STEM PLA NNING Determine the amount of configuration appropriate for your network, and the specific options to be selected. Document the configuration requirements for all Base Station Units and subscribers. Service Level Planning Management of multiple service level offerings requires careful thought and signifi-

cant expertise in quality of service (QoS) issues and techniques. To maximize the flex-

ibility with which service levels can be defined and managed, the PacketWave System includes extensive configuration options related to the establishment of specific types and levels of service. If multiple service levels are to be offered, they must be defined in the Subscriber Unit

(CPE) configuration files. Principles of service level definition and implementation are discussed in Chapter 2; configuration details are presented in Chapter 6. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 36 4 INSTALLING BASE STATION UNITS The Base Station Unit (BSU) is a rack-mountable control unit that links up to six radios and their antennas to the core network through a WAN backhaul channel. It must be mounted indoors, protected from precipitation and temperature extremes. CAUTION: Make sure that the room in which Base Station Units are installed has temperature and humidity controls necessary to maintain the temperature between 32 and 104 F (0 and 40 C) and the humid-

ity between 10% and 90% noncondensing. MOUNTING The Base Station Unit occupies two vertical rack units (3.5 inches) in a standard 19-inch equipment rack. It includes integral mounting ears as part of the front panel, handles on the front panel near the mounting ears, and drawer slides on the sides of the unit. Air flow holes are located on the sides of the enclosure, with a pair of cooling fans on the rear panel. CAUTION: Make sure that the equipment is mounted so that adequate air flow around the BSUparticularly near the ventilation holes and fansis not blocked. Secure the front panel to the equipment rack using the appropriate hardware. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 41 CHA PTER 4. INSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS FRONT-PANEL CONNECTIONS Other than the power connection, all connections to the Base Station Unit are made on the front panel, which is illustrated in Figure4-1. Figure4-1 BSU Front Panel Connecting the Radios to the BSU Connections from the outdoor radios to the Base Station Unit are described in Chapter 5 of this manual. Connecting the Backhaul Link The standard backhaul connection for the Base Station Unit is a 10/100-BaseTX link. This can be used for a range of different backhaul implementations, as shown in Figure4-2 . To make the backhaul connection:

Obtain or construct a Cat 5 cable of the required length, with a standard RJ45 plug on the BSU end and the appropriate connector on the other end. Insert one end of the cable with an RJ45 plug into the RJ45 socket labeled 100Base-T on the BSU front panel, as shown in Figure4-3. Connect the other end as appropriate for the particular backhaul implementa-

tion. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 42 CHAPTER 4. I NSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS Figure4-2 Backhaul Channel Examples To Ethernet backhaul router Figure4-3 Backhaul Link Connection 070-20000340-01 Rev A 43 Interconnecting Multiple BSUs at a Site CHA PTER 4. INSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS To properly identify wireless channel time slots, multiple colocated Base Station Units need to be synchronized to the same framing signal. This is done by intercon-

necting the units Sync connectors, as shown in Figure4-4 . When there are three or more Base Station Units, a main and alternate sync signal source for the framing sig-

nal should be chosen; with two Base Station Units, no alternate is necessary. Any Base Station Unit can be the source of a framing signal. If it is not receiving a framing signal at one of its Sync In ports, a BSU will transmit a framing signal through its Sync Out ports. Thus, when the primary framing signal source fails, the alternate signal source can take over immediately. To interconnect the multiple Base Stations:

1. Determine the Base Stations which will be the main and alternate sync signal sources. 2. For the main sync signal, construct a coaxial cable with a BNC connector at one end, a BNC T-connector for each Base Station Unit other than the main sync source, and a 50-ohm terminator at the other end. 3. For the alternate signal source, construct a coaxial cable with a BNC connector at one end, a BNC T-connector for each Base Station Unit other than the main and alternate sync sources, and a 50-ohm terminator at the other end. 4. Connect the Main Sync Out connector on the main sync signal source to the Main Sync In connectors on all other Base Station Units, as shown in Figure4-4 . 5. Connect the Alt Sync Out connector on the alternate sync signal source to the Alt Sync In connectors on all other Base Station Units except the main sync signal source, as shown in Figure4-4. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 44 CHAPTER 4. I NSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS Alternate Sync Master Coaxial Cable with BNC Connectors T connector T connector Main Sync Master Coaxial Cable with BNC Connectors T connector T connector Connects Main Sync Out on Main Master to Main Sync In on all BSUs Connects Alt Sync Out on Alternate Master to Alt Sync In on all BSUs except Master 50-ohm terminations Figure4-4 Sync Connections for Multiple BSUs 070-20000340-01 Rev A 45 CHA PTER 4. INSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS Connecting an External Reference Clock For timing, a Base Station Unit can use its own internal oscillator, or a 10 MHz signal from an external source. When multiple BSUs are colocated, it is a good idea to use an external source to facilitate synchronization. To connect an external source:

1. If it is not already present, install the reference source per the manufacturers instructions. 2. Construct a coaxial cable with a the required connector for the reference source at one end, a BNC T-connector for each BSU, and a 50-ohm termination at the other end. 3. Connect the cable to the reference source and to the Ext Ref connector on each BSU, as shown in Figure4-5 . Coaxial Cable with BNC Connectors 10 MHz Reference T connector T connector T connector 50-ohm termination Connects Ext Ref on all BSUs to 10 MHz reference clock Figure4-5 Connecting an External Reference Clock 070-20000340-01 Rev A 46 Connecting to the Alarm/Control Relay Switch CHAPTER 4. I NSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS The Relay Switch connector on the Base Station Unit provides dry relay contacts for operating external equipment. It supports normally-open and normally-closed circuits, as shown in Figure4-6. CAUTION:

The alarm/control circuit connected to the relay switch should present a maximum current of 2 A at 30 V dc. It may be either normally open or normally closed. To connect to the alarm/control switch relay:

1. Design and implement the desired external alarm or control circuit. 2. Use between 28 and 14 AWG wire (2.5 mm maximum diameter) for connection to the BSU. Wire may be solid, stranded, or stranded with ferrule. 3. Verify whether the alarm/control circuit is normally closed or normally open. 4. For a normally-closed circuit, connect the leads to terminals 1 and 2. For a normally-open circuit, connect the leads to terminals 2 and 3. Make the connections by:

a. Loosening the screws above the wire holes, if necessary. b. Inserting the wires into the proper holes. c. Tightening the screws above the wire holes until the wires are held securely. Connections for Normally-Open Circuit Connections for Normally-Closed Circuit Common N.C. N.O. Common Figure4-6 Connecting to the Relay Switch 070-20000340-01 Rev A 47 CHA PTER 4. INSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS Connecting to the RS-232 Craft Port The RS-232 craft port on the Base Station Unit supports a direct serial connection to a PC, and is intended for temporary management and troubleshooting sessions using a command line interface (CLI). The port employs a DB-9 female connector and oper-

ates with the following parameters: 38.4K baud, 8 bits, 1 stop bit, no parity. To use the CLI through the craft port, connect the computer to the BSU front panel as shown in Figure4-7, using a null-modem (crossover) cable up to 25 feet in length. Operation of the CLI, which can also be accessed via Telnet, is discussed in Chapter 8 of this manual. To local computer

(command line interface only) Figure4-7 Connecting to the RS-232 Craft Port CONNECTING POWER The Base Station Unit may come with either an ac or dc power supply. There is no on-off switch on either model, so disconnecting the power cable or wires is the stan-

dard way to remove power from the BSU. Generally, it is a good idea to make power connections after all other connections have been made. However, any front-panel BSU connection can be disconnected and reconnected while power is on. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 48 CHAPTER 4. I NSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS AC Power An ac power cord is supplied with the Base Station Unit. To apply power to the BSU, simply plug the cord into the receptacle on the rear panel of the BSU (shown in Figure4-8 ) and then into a standard grounded wall outlet. Fuse holder ac cable connector Rear of BSU, left corner Figure4-8 AC Power Connection and Fuse Holder Fuse The ac power supply is protected by a fuse in a holder next to the power connector on the rear panel of the Base Station Unit, as illustrated in Figure4-8. For the US and other 120VAC power, the fuse is a 4 A, 250 V time-lag high-breaking fuse, 5 x 20 mm, such as the Schurter SPT 0001.2510. Should this fuse blow, determine and correct the cause (if possible). Then replace the fuse as follows:

1. Disconnect the BSUs power cord. 2. Use a flat-bladed screwdriver to lever up the tab at the bottom of the fuse-

holder and remove the fuse holder. 3. Remove the fuse from the clips that hold it, and verify that the fuse has blown. 4. Place a new fuse in the clips. 5. Snap the fuse holder into the opening in the rear panel. 6. Reconnect the BSUs power cord. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 49 DC Power CHA PTER 4. INSTA LLING BA SE STATION UN ITS The dc-power PacketWave 1000 includes dual terminal barrier connectors for redun-

dant -48 V dc power connections, plus two 4mm ground studs at the bottom edge of the rear panel. You can connect to one or two power sources, as desired. To connect to a dc power supply:

1. Use 12 AWG wire of no longer than 25 feet (8 m) for all power and ground connections. On the BSU end of each power and ground wire, install a crimp-

style ring lug of 0.3 inches (7.5 mm) or less in diameter to fit between the ter-

minal barriers. Make sure the wires are marked or color-coded to identify pos-

itive and negative connections. 2. Install a connecting wire from one of the GND lugs to a good earth ground. 3. Connect the positive (+) and negative (-) terminals of one of the BSUs dc power connectors to a -48 V dc power source, using a Phillips screwdriver to tighten the terminal posts on the ring lugs. Repeat for the other dc power con-

nector and power source, if desired. 4. If a redundant power supply is to be employed, repeat steps 3 and 4 for the other power source, terminal block, and ground lug. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 410 5 INSTALLING RADIOS AND ANTENNAS The PacketWave base station antennas and radios are designed for mounting outdoors on common antenna masts, and include mounting brackets for such mounting. Differ-

ent mounting hardware can be substituted as appropriate for your antenna support. INSTALLING THE ANTENNA MOUNTING SYSTEM Various antenna mounting systems can be used for the PacketWave base station. Choose a mounting system appropriate for your particular network and site, and fol-

low the manufacturers directions to install. If the antenna mounting system has a directional aspect (for example, a six-sided antenna mast), be sure to consider the physical sector locations when installing. CAUTION:

Be sure that the antenna mounting system is appropriate for the weights and wind-resistance of all of the antennas and radios to be installed on it, and for local environmental conditions. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 51 CHA PTER 5. INSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS MOUNTING THE ANTENNAS AND RADIOS Before mounting the antennas, you need to know the compass directions and ele-

vation tilts appropriate for each sector. (The antennas have a beam width of 60 or 90 horizontal and 9 vertical). There are several antennas which may be used in a PacketWave system. Because of their different sizes and weights, the antennas do not all use the same mounting acces-

sories. The base station radio includes a rear-mounted bracket as shown in Figure5-1; the bracket accomodates a pole diameter of 1.5 inches (3.8 cm), 2 inches (5 cm) To mount an antenna:

1. Determine the mounting location for the antenna. 2. Orient the antenna vertically. 3. Using the mounting equipment provided, or other mounting hardware as desired, secure the antenna to the mast or other support. To mount a radio:

1. Determine the exact location for the radio. 2. Loosen the pole clamp bolt and open the pole clamp. 3. Orient the radio so that the F and RJ45 connectors are at the bottom. 4. Close the pole clamp around the pole. 5. Adjust the direction and elevation of the radio/antenna unit. 6. Tighten the pole clamp bolt until the radio/antenna unit is secured in position. Figure5-1 Base Station Radio Mounting Bracket 070-20000340-01 Rev A 52 CHAPTER 5. I NSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS RUNNING THE RADIO CABLES Connections to the radio include two RF jumper connections up to the antenna and two connections down to the Base Station Unit. Radio to Antenna The radio is connected to the antenna by two cables. One end of each is attached to the radio internally, and the other terminates with a male N connector, as shown in Figure5-2 . To connect the radio to the antenna:

1. Connect the cables from the radio to the appropriate connectors on the antenna. 2. Apply a silicone sealant or other weatherproofing to the connections as desired. Radio to Base Station There are two cables that connect each radio to its Base Station Unit: a radio signal cable (which also carries dc power) and a control cable. These cables run from out-

door radios to the indoor BSU, so a suitable cable run and building entry point must be identified, as discussed in Chapter 3. Connections to the BSU are illustrated in Figure5-3 ; Connections to the radio are illustrated in Figure5-4. For these outdoor-to-indoor connections, the order of the steps in the installation procedure will vary depending on a number of factors, including site particulars and installers preferred practice. For example, in some cases it may be best to run unterminated cable and then attach connectors; in others it may be more effi-

cient to attach one or both connectors to the cable before running it. Also, cable dressing at various locations may be best performed at different points in the pro-

cedure. Therefore, the procedures given for radio-to-BSU connections should be taken as a list of necessary steps and a suggested order, and modified as appro-

priate for your particular circumstances. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 53 CHA PTER 5. INSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS Figure5-2 Radio Cables for Connection to Antenna Control cable to radio Signal cable to radio Figure5-3 BSU Radio Connections 070-20000340-01 Rev A 54 CHAPTER 5. I NSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS Signal cable to BSU Control cabl to BSU Figure5-4 Radio Signal and Control Connections Radio Signal Connection The radio signal cable should be outdoor-rated 75-ohm quad-shield coaxial cable with a maximum length of 165 feet (50 m) unless dc voltage is inserted from an external source. The cable terminates with a male F connector at each end. To install the radio signal cable, perform the following steps:

1. Run an appropriate length of cable from the BSU to the radio. Include a service/

drip loop as appropriate. 2. Install a male F connector at the radio end of the cable. 3. Attach the cable to the female F connector on the radio, as shown in Figure5-4 . 4. Dress the outdoor portion of the cable as appropriate. 5. Install a male F connector on the BSU end of the cable. If the cable is longer than 165 feet, replace step 7 with the steps in the section headed DC Voltage Insertion for Extra-Long Cables later in this chapter. 6. Attach the cable to the Radio IF connector for the appropriate Radio port on the Base Station Unit, as shown in Figure5-3 . 7. Dress the indoor portion of the cable as appropriate. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 55 CHA PTER 5. INSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS Control Connection The radio signal cable should be shielded outdoor-rated Cat 5, and may be up to 165 feet (50 m) in length. It terminates with an RJ45 male connector at each end. To install the radio control cable, perform the following steps:

1. Obtain an appropriate length of cable, and run it from the BSU to the radio. Include a service/drip loop as appropriate. 2. Place the supplied rubber boot over the radio end of the cable. 3. Install an RJ45 male connector on the radio end of the cable. 4. Plug the cable into the RJ45 socket on the radio, as illustrated in Figure5-4 . 5. Put the rubber boot in position to protect the RJ45 connection and secure it in place with a cable tie. Make sure the longer side of the rectangular boot is par-

allel to the top lid of the rado. 6. Dress the outdoor portion of the cable as appropriate. 7. Install an RJ45 male connector on the BSU end of the cable. 8. Plug the cable into the Control connector for the appropriate Radio port on the Base Station Unit, as shown in Figure5-3 . 9. Dress the indoor portion of the cable as appropriate. 10. Seal the entry of the radio signal and control cables to the building as appropriate. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 56 CHAPTER 5. I NSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS DC Voltage Insertion for Extra-Long Cables If the radio signal cable is longer than 165 feet (50 meters), the power provided by the Base Station Unit via this cable will be attenuated to the point that it is insufficient to properly power the radio. In such a case, power must be inserted onto the radio signal cable using a bias tee and an external power source (18 V dc, 1.5 A) as illus-

trated in Figure5-5. Radio signal cable Length greater than 50 ft (15 m) Bias Tee To BSU To Radio F connectors F connectors dc block BNC connectors 18 V dc source, 1.5 A Figure5-5 DC Power Insertion for Radio To insert dc voltage onto the radio signal cable:

1. Provide an 18 V dc power source capable of supplying 1.5 A, a coaxial bias tee with two female F connectors and one BNC connector, and a short coaxial cable with a male F connector at each end. 2. Connect the short coaxial cable to the RADIO IF connector on the Base Station Unit as illustrated in Figure 5-4 . 3. Connect the other end of the short coaxial cable to the dc blocking side (female F connector) of the bias tee as shown in Figure 5-5. 4. Connect the radio signal cable from the outdoor unit to the other female F con-

nector on the bias tee as shown in Figure 5-5 . 5. Connect a cable from the 18 V dc power source to the BNC connector of the bias tee as shown in Figure 5-5. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 57 CHA PTER 5. INSTA LLING RAD IOS AN D ANTENN AS 070-20000340-01 Rev A 58 6 BSU AND SUBSCRIBER CONFIGURATION This chapter describes how to use Apertos WaveCenter Configuration Manager to configure the base station and subscriber equipment in a PacketWave System. Creating the BSU and subscriber (CPE) configuration files and placing them on the TFTP server is half of the PacketWave system configuration. The other half is the configuration of the IP network, including the DHCP server, described in Chapter 7. INSTALLING THE WAVECENTER CONFIGURATION MANAGER The WaveCenter Configuration Manager is provided on CD as part of the BSU pack-

age. You can load the WaveCenter Configuration Manager onto a computer running any of the following operating systems:

Windows 98 Windows NT Windows 2000 Professional Linux Sun Solaris Whatever the platform, it will need to have the Java Runtime Environment (JRE) installed on it. If the JRE is not already present, it can be installed from the Wave-

Center CD. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 61 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Depending on the particulars of your network, it may be a good idea to run the WaveCenter Configuration Manager on the same computer that provides the systems TFTP server. If you run the Configuration Manager on a different computer, you must be able to move the files created by the Configuration Manager to the TFTP server computer. To install the WaveCenter Configuration Manager:

1. Place the CD in the CD-ROM drive and view the contents. Note that there is a cm folder/directory, which contains the Configuration Manager installation files, and a jre folder/directory, which contains the executable file for the Java Runtime Environment. 2. If the computer does not already have the Java Runtime Environment installed, open the jre folder/directory and run the executable file (jre<version>.exe). 3. Open the cm folder/directory; then open the appropriate folder/subdirectory for your platform and run the appropriate setup file. For example, for a Windows system open the win32 folder and run setup.exe. 4. Follow the prompts in the installation wizard. 5. When installation has been completed, a WaveCenter Configuration Manager icon will have been placed on the desktop. Double-click this icon to launch the WaveCenter Configuration Manager. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 62 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION HOW THE WAVECENTER CONFIGURATION MANAGER WORKS The WaveCenter Configuration Manager is used to create a separate configuration file for each Base Station Unit and each subscriber in the system. Each base station unit and subscriber site (CPE) must have a valid configuration file in order to function. BSU and Subscriber Branches The WaveCenter Configuration Manager consists of separate Base Station Unit and subscriber (CPE) branches, accessed by clicking the BSC and SU (CPE) icons shown in Figure6-1. To configure a Base Station Unit, click on the BSC icon. To configure subscriber equipment, click on the subscriber Indoor Unit (CPE) icon. Figure6-1 WaveCenter Configuration Manager Home Screen 070-20000340-01 Rev A 63 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-2 WaveCenter Configuration Manager Screen Elements Configuration Screen Formats Each branch of the WaveCenter Configuration Manager (BSU and subscriber/CPE) consists of multiple configuration menu screens identified and accessed by tabs. Figure6-2 shows a typical screen and its elements, while Table6-A defines the ele-

ments. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 64 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-A Functions of CM Screen Elements Screen Element Function Menu Bar: File Menu Bar: Help Toolbar Menu Tabs Configuration Menu Parameter Group Parameter Name Parameter Text Field Allows opening and saving of configuration files, and exiting from

(i.e., closing) the CM branch. Opens CM help files (future). Provides one-click access to open, cut, copy, paste, and help (same as corresponding Menu Bar functions). Allow navigation among the various configuration pages. Includes all configuration parameters for the tab. Description for a group of related parameters. Descriptive name for a single configurable item. Area where you configure a parameter by entering text. Parameter Drop-Down Menu Field Area where you configure a parameter be choosing from a menu. New Instance Icon Save Instance Icon Used to open a new instance of the element being configured in this menufor example, an additional SNMP manager. Used to save a particular instance as configured on this menu for example, an SNMP manager. Restore Defaults Icon Used to restore factory defaults for the parameters on the page. Generate BSC Config button Generate WSS Config button Generate Configuration File button Close Button Used to create/save the BSU configuration file with parameters as currently specified on all pages. Similar to File Save As menu option, except the Generate BSC Config button causes the CM to suggest a default file name of bsc_<MACaddress>.cfg. Used to save a particular WSS configuration as part of the current BSU configuration. A WSS configuration file is created on disk as part of the process but need not be copied to the TFTP server. Used to create/save the subscriber (CPE) configuration file with parameters as currently specified on all pages. Similar to File Save As menu option, except the Generate Configuration File button causes the CM to suggest a default file name of cpe_<MACaddress>.cfg. Closes the CM branch window without saving the file (same as File Exit menu option). Window Close, Maximize, Minimize The standard window controls. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 65 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Managing Configuration Files Before using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager, be sure you understand the principles of configuration file management discussed below. Opening and Loading Files When you click on the BSU or subscriber Indoor Unit (CPE) icon on the WaveCenter Configuration Manager home screen, a new (blank) configuration file is opened with the default parameters. You can then load an existing file by selecting File Open from the menu bar, or the file open icon on the toolbar. The Configuration Man-

ager will let you browse for the desired file. NOTE: Some screens have a new instance icon on the right side. This icon does not cause a new configuration file to be opened; rather, it causes a new instance to be opened, and is displayed only on pages which can be configured multiple times for multiple instances (such as multiple SNMP managers; see Figure6-2). Saving Files There are two methods for saving configuration files, as identified in Table6-A:

Selecting File Save as from the page menu line. The Configuration Manager will prompt for a file name. Clicking on the Generate BSC Config or Generate Configuration File (CPE) button. The Configuration Manager will prompt with the suggested file name in the format bsc_<MACaddress>.cfg or cpe_<MACaddress>.cfg, using the MAC address entered during configuration. See the discussion of file names below. NOTE: Some screens have a page save icon on the right side. This icon does not cause the configuration file to be saved; rather, it causes the current instance to be added to the configuration file which is being created or modified. The page save icon is displayed only on pages which can be configured multiple times for multiple instances (such as multiple SNMP managers; see Figure6-2). File Names Configuration files are required to have unique names so that each BSU and sub-

scriber Indoor Unit can download the correct configuration file from the TFTP server. Table6-B identifies the naming convention suggested by Aperto, which uses MAC addresses to guarantee uniqueness. These are the default names used when you click on the Generate BSC Config or Generate Configuration File button, as described above. While the naming convention identified in Table6-B is recommended, it is not required. You can use any other format you wish, as long as the names are unique. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 66 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-B Suggested Convention for Naming Configuration Files Configured Entity File Name Format Example Base Station Unit bsc_<MACaddress>.cfg Subscriber cpe_<MACaddress>.cfg bsc_00013b0002e4.cfg

(for MAC 00:01:3b:00:02:e4) cpe_00013b00025d.cfg

(for MAC 00:01:3b:00:02:5d) Storage Location To be accessed by the Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units when they boot, the configuration files must be specified in the DHCP servers configuration file and stored in the default directory (typically, \tftpboot) of the TFTP server. You can save directly to that directory when creating the configuration files, or save to a different location and then transfer the files before booting the configured units. Configuration Template Files It will often be efficient to create generic configuration files which can be used as templates when adding new BSUs, WSSs, or subscribers. You create and save a configuration template the same way you create and save a con-

figuration file, but save it with a descriptive file name rather than a file name linking it by MAC address to a specific unit. Then, when you want to use the template as the basis for a new configuration file, you load the template, make any changes necessary, and save the file using the correct file name for the new unit. NOTE: Similarly, you can base a new configuration file on an existing configuration file by loading the existing file, editing it, and saving it using the proper file name for the new unit. Downloading Configuration Files After the configuration files have been created and stored on the TFTP server, the con-

figured devices need to be booted up. (The Base Station Unit must be operational when a subscriber Indoor Unit is initialized, or the initialization will fail.) The booted device will then automatically download its configuration from the TFTP server. Each Base Station Unit and subscriber Indoor Unit stores its configuration in non-volatile memory. When it reboots, it downloads the latest configuration from the TFTP server if it is able to, and then makes any changes to its configuration based on a comparison of the downloaded configuration with the stored configu-

ration. If the device cannot successfully download its configuration from the TFTP server, it operates with its stored configuration. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 67 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION USING THE WAVECENTER CONFIGURATION MANAGER To configure a cell using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager, follow this general procedure:

1. Launch the WaveCenter Configuration Manager by clicking on the desktop icon. The programs home screen will be displayed, as shown in Figure6-1. 2. Click on the BSU icon. A BSU Configuration Manager window will open. 3. Configure the Base Station Unit as described later in this chapter, under the heading Base Station Configuration. NOTE: If there are multiple BSUs, you may want to create and use a template file. See the section Managing Configuration Files earlier in this chapter. 4. When you are done, click on the Generate BSC Config button to save the BSU configuration. 5. Close the BSU Configuration Manager window. If there is another BSU to con-

figure, return to step 2. If there is no other BSU to configure, go to step 6. 6. Click on the home pages subscriber Indoor Unit (CPE) icon. A subscriber CPE Configuration Manager window will open. 7. Configure the subscriber equipment as described in the section Subscriber Equipment Configuration later in this chapter. NOTE: You may want to create and use a template file. See the section Managing Configuration Files earlier in this chapter. 8. When you are done, click on the Generate Configuration File button to save the subscriber configuration. 9. Close the CPE Configuration Manager window. If there is another subscriber to configure, return to step 6. If there is no other subscriber to configure, go to step 10. 10. Exit from the WaveCenter Configuration Manager. 11. Copy all of the configuration files to the default directory for the systems TFTP server, typically \tftpboot (unless you saved them directly to that directory). 070-20000340-01 Rev A 68 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION BASE STATION CONFIGURATION To configure a Base Station Unit, including the wireless radio interfaces (WSSs, or wireless subsystems), click on the BSU icon on the WaveCenter Configuration Man-

ager home screen (Figure6-1 ). The BSU Configuration Manager will open in a new window, as shown in Figure6-3 . There are four required parameters for WSS/BSU configuration: WSS center fre-

quency (WSS Frame menu); WSS subnet IP addresses and subnet masks

(WSS Multiple Subnet menu); and BSU MAC address (MAIN General menu. All other parameters are optional. Figure6-3 Base Station Opening Menu (WSS Frame) 070-20000340-01 Rev A 69 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION There are four first-level menu tabs for BSU configuration, as shown by the upper row of tabs in Figure6-3:

WSS Used to configure each wireless subsystem (radio interface) on the Base Station Unit. Main Used to specify various parameters for the Base Station Unit itself. SNMP Used to configure the Base Station Unit for SNMP management. Alerts Used to configure the Base Station Unit for email event alerts. Configuring Wireless Subsystems (WSS) Click on the WSS tab in the upper row. As the second row of tabs in Figure6-3 shows, there are six menus for configuring a WSS:

Frame Used to specify how the wireless signal will be framed and synchro-

nized. Channel Used to configure the wireless communication channel. Radio Used to configure the radio and antenna connected to the WSS. Multiple Subnet Used to specify at least one subnet and mask per WSS. CD Packet Preamble The WSS Configuration Edit WSS File: field on the Frame menu allows you to load an existing WSS configuration file, causing all of the WSS menus to dis-

play the current settings for that WSS file. You can then either modify that file, or save it under another name. You will need to create a separate configuration for each WSS. The basic procedure is as follows:

1. Start with the WSS Frame menu (Figure6-3). If desired, use the Edit WSS File field to load an existing WSS configuration as a template. 2. Complete the other WSS menus as described on the following pages. 3. Click on the Generate WSS Config button, and specify the WSS you are con-

figuring. 4. Repeat for all WSSs. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 610

CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Frame Parameters Click on the Frame tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-3 is displayed. Specify frame parameters as indicated in Table6-C . Table6-C BSU WSS Frame Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Edit WSS File file name (no default) Comments If desired, click on the File Open icon at the right of the field and then select a file to use as a template for the WSS to be configured. TDD Frame Size 2000 to 25000 ticks

(5000) Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Number of REQ Slots Upstream Portion Size Downstream Portion Size SYNC Interval CD Interval Downstream Max Link Mgmt Msg Upstream Max Link Mgmt Msg Initial Maintenance Interval Periodic Maintenance Interval CPE Registration Timeout 4 to 256 slots

(4) 1000 to 10000 ticks

(1460) 1000 to 15000 ticks

(3460) 10 to 500 ms

(100) 500 to 10000 ms

(1000) 1 to 255

(1) 1 to 255

(1) 5 to 5000 ms

(500) 10 to 60 seconds

(30) 1 to 100 minutes

(15) Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Adjust these parameters to alter the ratio of upstream to downstream bandwidth. Reduce the value of one by the amount you add to the amount of the other so the total remains the same (up +

down = frame size - guardband). Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 611 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Channel Parameters Click on the Channel tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-4 is displayed. Specify channel parameters as indicated in Table6-D. Figure6-4 WSS Channel Menu 070-20000340-01 Rev A 612 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-D BSU WSS Channel Parameters Parameter Channel Center Freq (MHz) Range

(and Default) 9 menu options for frequency range, plus center frequency field Symbol Rate Ratio range x to y : a to b

(1 : 1) Sector name

(no default) Sector Number Channel Width Channel ID Symbol Rate Allowed Flow ID Bits in SID CPE ID Bits in SID 1 to 6

(1) 1000 to 7000 kHz

(6000) 0 to 15

(1) 1 or 2

(1) 1 to 6

(2) 2 to 10

(10) Ranging Tx Power Steps 2 to 16 dBm,

(4) Comments Select the frequency range from the drop-down menu; then enter the channel center frequency to be used in communication with all subscribers in the sector. Required field. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Not supported in R1P1. Enter the name chosen for the sector served by this WSS. Choose a number to identify the sector. Generally, you should use the WSS port number. Not supported in R1P1. Specify a channel identification number. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Not supported in R1P1. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Not supported in R1P1. Advanced configuration parameter; change only if directed by Aperto Networks. Not supported in R1P1. Specify the step size for transmit power ranging. Antenna Gain 0 to 48 dBi(15) Not supported in R1P1. CIR Bandwidth Allocation CBR Bandwidth Allocation Best Effort Bandwidth Allocation 0 to 100%

(0) 0 to 100%

(0) 1 to 100%

(100) Specify the percentage of the total bandwidth to be devoted to each of the three service classes. The three percentages should total exactly 100%. They should also correlate to the total bandwidths assigned to all subscribers in the sector, with appro-

priate oversubscription based on statistical multi-

plexing expectations. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 613 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Radio Parameters Click on the Radio tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-5 is displayed. Specify radio parameters as indicated in Table6-E. Multiple Subnet Parameters Click on the Multiple Subnet tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-6 is displayed. Specify the WSS IP address and subnet mask for the first (and typically only) subnet, as indicated in Table6-F . Click on the save icon when you are finished. You must specify at least one subnet and mask before generating the WSS config-

uration file. If desired, create another subnet by clicking on the new instance icon. Specify the WSS IP address and subnet mask for the new subnet. Click on the save icon when you are finished. Repeat for as many subnets as desired. CD Packet Parameters CD Packet parameters are not supported in R1P1. Preamble Parameters A configurable preamble is not supported in R1P1. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 614 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-5 WSS Radio Menu Table6-E BSU WSS Radio Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Min Tx Power Broadcast Tx Power Max Tx Power Number of Antennas Broadcast Antenna

-20 to 4 dBm

(-12)

-20 to 4 dBm

(20)

-20 to 4 dBm

(20) 1 or 2

(1) Antenna 1 or 2

(1) Broadcast Polarization Horizontal, Vertical, Horizontal & Vertical

(Vertical) Specify the minimum transmit power allowed in power ranging. Not supported in R1P1. Specify the transmit power used for broadcasts to all subscribers. Not supported in R1P1. Specify the maximum transmit power allowed in power ranging. Not supported in R1P1. Specify whether this sector uses 1 or 2 antennas. Not supported in R1P1. If this sector uses 2 antennas, specify the antenna to be used for broadcasts to all subscribers. Not supported in R1P1. Specify the antenna polarization used for broad-

casts to all subscribers. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 615 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-6 WSS Multiple Subnets Menu Table6-F BSU WSS Multiple Subnet Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Total Configured Subnets Subnet ID WSS IP Address WSS Subnet Mask xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

(no default) xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx

(no default) Read-only field; increments each time a new subnet is added using the new instance icon. Read-only field indicating subnet being configured. Enter the IP address for the WSS subnet. Typically this will follow the standard gateway address con-

vention for subnets. Required field (one instance). Enter the subnet mask which defines the subnet address range. Required field (one instance). 070-20000340-01 Rev A 616 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring the Main Base Station Parameters Click on the MAIN tab in the upper row. As the second row of tabs shows, there are three menus for configuring the main base station parameters:

General Used for cell, IP, and SNTP (time) configuration, and for specify-

ing the active wireless subsystems (WSS). Server IP Used for specifying the IP addresses of the various servers accessed by the Base Station. Bridging/Clustering Used to create multi-sector clusters, and to enable or disable bridging between subscribers in the same sector or cluster. General Parameters Click on the General tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-7 is displayed. Specify parameters as indicated in Table6-G. Figure6-7 MAIN General Menu 070-20000340-01 Rev A 617 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-G BSU MAIN General Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Up to 79 characters

(no default) Enter the name chosen for the cell served by the BSU. Cell Name Cell Radius BSU Location BSU Name BSU Contact MAC Address 1000 to 50000 meters

(5000) Up to 79 characters

(no default) Up to 79 characters

(no default) Up to 79 characters

(no default) 00:01:3b:xx:xx:xx

(no default) System Image File file name WSS Image File file name SNTP Configuration Enable or Disable

(Enable) Time Zone Daylight Saving Daylight Saving Start Daylight Saving End mmddhh

(no default) mmddhh

(no default) Configured WSS Ports

(drop-down menu) Total WSS Ports 0 to 6

(0) Enter text identifying the location of the BSU. Enter the name chosen for the BSU. Enter contact information regarding the BSU. Complete the MAC address of the BSU as identified by a label on the BSU. (All Aperto MAC addresses begin with 00:01:3b.) Required field. Identifies the system software which should be run-

ning on the BSU. If different software is running, the BSU will attempt to download the specified software from the TFTP server. Identifies the WSS software which should be run-

ning on the BSU. If different software is running, the BSU will attempt to download the specified software from the TFTP server. Specify whether the BSU will obtain date and time from an SNTP server. (The SNTP server is specified in the DHCP server configuration.) Enter the date at which daylight savings time will start. Enter the date at which daylight savings time will end Read-only field identifying the number of WSS ports which have been configured (using WSS menu set and Generate WSS Config button). Specify the number of WSS ports to be configured. Drop-down menu of time zones worldwide. Select the appropriate time zone from the drop-

down menu. Enable or Disable

(Disable) Specify whether daylight saving time will be observed. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 618 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Server IP Parameters Click on the Server IP tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-8 is displayed. Three server IP addresses are configurable, as identified in Table6-H. Specify any server IP addresses as desired. Syslog and SMTP server identifications made on this menu will be overridden by Syslog and SMTP server identifications made in the DHCP server configuration. NOTE: TFTP and DHCP server addresses are not configurable; they are learned from the DHCP server when the BSU boots up. Bridging/Clustering Parameters Click on the Bridging/Clustering tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-9 is displayed. Specify bridging and clustering options as described in Table6-I. Clustering allows two or more WSSs to be on the same subnet, which can provide greater efficiency in the use of IP addresses. Subscriber-to-subscriber (CPE-to-

CPE) bridging makes communications between subscribers in the same subnet more efficient. Configuring SNMP Parameters Click on the SNMP tab in the upper row, so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-10 is displayed. Specify parameters for Host 1, as indicated in Table6-J. Click on the save instance icon when you are finished. If desired, open a new Host by clicking on the open instance icon. Specify parameters for the new host. Click on the save instance icon when you are finished. Repeat for as many hosts as desired (to a maximum of 32). 070-20000340-01 Rev A 619 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-8 MAIN Server IP Menu Table6-H BSU MAIN Server IP Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments TFTP Server IP Time Server IP Syslog Server N/A N/A Non-configurable field. Non-configurable field. xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) SMTP Server xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) DHCP Server for CPE xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) If the BSU is to log event messages to a Syslog server, enter its IP address. (If a Syslog server is identified in the DHCP server, this address will be overridden.) If the BSU is to send email alert messages, enter the SMTP servers IP address. (If an SMTP server is identified in the DHCP server, this address will be overridden.) If subscribers are to use a different DHCP server than the BSU, specify the subscribers DHCP server here. (This address will be the DHCP server known by the BSUs DHCP relay agent.) 070-20000340-01 Rev A 620 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-9 MAIN Bridging/Clustering Menu Table6-I BSU MAIN Bridging/Clustering Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments WSS Clustering Enable or Disable

(Disable) *

Specify whether WSSs will be clustered. If Disable is specified, the Cluster fields will be unavailable. Cluster I Cluster II Cluster III Any 2 or more config-

ured WSS ports Select a configured WSS, and then click on the clus-

ter in which it will be included. Any 2 or more config-

ured WSS ports Any 2 or more config-

ured WSS ports CPE-to-CPE Bridging Enable or Disable

(Enable) *

Specify whether bridging between subscribers in the same WSS/cluster will be enabled.

* If WSS Clustering is to be enabled, CPE-to-CPE Bridging must be enabled. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 621 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-10 SNMP Menu Table6-J BSU SNMP Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Total Configured Hosts 1 to 32 Read-only field indicating how many SNMP hosts have been specified. Send Trap Host ID Access Right Host IP Address Read Community Write Community Yes or No

(Yes) Specify whether SNMP traps will be sent to trap-

enabled hosts (per Access Right configurations). 1 to 32 (increments as instances are opened) readOnly, readWrite, roWithTraps, rwWithTraps, trapsOnly

(readWrite) xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(0.0.0.0) Identifies the SNMP host being configured. Specify the access the SNMP host will have Specify the IP address of the SNMP host. Up to 79 characters

(public) Specify the name of the community which will have read access to the BSU. Up to 79 characters

(private) Specify the name of the community which will have write access to the BSU. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 622 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring Email Alert Parameters Click on the ALERT tab in the upper row, so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-11 is displayed. Specify email alert parameters as indicated in Table6-K. Figure6-11 ALERT Menu Table6-K BSU ALERTS Parameters Parameter Send Email on Alarms Domain Name Reply To Email Receiver 1 Email Receiver 2 Range

(and Default) Yes or No

(No) Up to 63 characters

(no default) Up to 63 characters

(no default) any email address any email address Comments Specify whether email alert message will be sent. Specify the email domain name for the BSU. Enter the sending email address for alert messages. Enter the email address(es) to which alert mes-

sages will be sent. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 623 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION SUBSCRIBER CONFIGURATION To configure subscriber equipment, click on the CPE icon on the WaveCenter Con-

figuration Manager home screen (Figure6-1 ). The CPE Configuration Manager will open in a new window, as shown in Figure6-12. There are nine tabs for subscriber equipment configuration, as shown in Figure6-12:

System Used to specify basic information about the subscriber equipment. SNMP Used to control SNMP access to the subscriber equipment. Packet Filter Not supported in R1P1. Service Flow Used to define Service Flows for the subscriber. Classifier Used to specify the classifiers that will cause packets to be assigned to the various Service Flows. Routing Not supported in R1P1. Alerts Used to configure the subscriber equipment for email event alerts. NAT Used to configure a subscriber Indoor Units NAT routing. DHCP Not supported in R1P1. Figure6-12 CPE Opening Menu (System) 070-20000340-01 Rev A 624 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring Subscriber System Parameters Click on the System tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-12 is displayed. Specify subscriber system parameters as indicated in Table6-L. Table6-L CPE System Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Channel Center Frequency N/A Network Access Yes or No

(Yes) System Location CPE Name Up to 79 characters

(no default) Up to 79 characters

(no default) System Image File N/A Read-only field identifying the center frequency established when the subscriber equipment was initialized. Specify whether the subscriber will be allowed on the network. This field may be set to No to essen-

tially disable subscriber equipment. Enter text identifying the subscribers location. Enter a name or description of the subscriber site. Identifies the software which should be running on the Indoor Unit. If different software is running, the subscriber Indoor Unit will attempt to download the specified software from the TFTP server. Syslog Server IP User Name MAC address xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) If desired, enter the address of a syslog server which will receive event logs directly from this sub-

scriber Indoor Unit.

(no default) Enter a name for the subscriber. 00:01:3b:xx:xx:xx

(no default) Complete the MAC address of the subscriber Indoor Unit as identified by a label on the units rear panel.

(All Aperto MAC addresses begin with 00:01:3b.) SMTP Server IP xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) If desired, enter the address of a mail server which will administer email alerts for this subscriber. CPE Mode CPE Model Bridge, Router, NAT

(Bridge) PW110, PW120, PW130 (PW130) Specify the subscriber Indoor Unit model, and whether the unit will function as a bridge, router, or NAT router. (If the CPE Model specified does not match the actual unit installed, the configuration file will be rejected when it is downloaded to the sub-

scriber Indoor Unit. In R1P1, the PacketWave 130 is the only model supported.) Number of Service Flows 1 to 64

(no default) Specify the maximum number of service flows which can be defined for this subscriber. Encryption IGMP Support Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. Max Hosts Allowed 1 to 20 Specify the maximum number of user hosts which the subscriber Indoor Unit will support. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 625 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring Subscriber SNMP Parameters Click on the SNMP tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-13 is displayed. Specify SNMP management parameters as indicated in Table6-M . Figure6-13 SNMP Menu 070-20000340-01 Rev A 626 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-M CPE SNMP Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Total Configured Hosts 1 to 32 Read-only field indicating how many SNMP hosts have been specified. Send Trap Host ID Access Right Host IP Address Read Community Write Community Yes or No

(Yes) Specify whether SNMP traps will be sent to trap-

enabled hosts (per Access Right configurations). 1 to 32 (increments as instances are opened) readOnly, readWrite, roWithTraps, rwWithTraps, trapsOnly

(readWrite) xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(0.0.0.0) Identifies the SNMP host being configured. Specify the SNMP access this master will have. Specify the IP address of this SNMP manager. Up to 79 characters

(public) Specify the name of the community which will have read access to the subscriber Indoor Unit. Up to 79 characters

(private) Specify the name of the community which will have write access to the subscriber Indoor Unit. Configuring Packet Filters This feature is not supported in R1P1. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 627 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATIO CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-14 Service Flow Upstream Menu Figure6-15 Service Flow Downstream Menu 070-20000340-01 Rev A 629 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-N CPE Service Flow Upstream Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Configured Service Flow Reference Identifies service flow displayed (1 to 64) Select from drop-down menu. (Menu identifies all service flows which have been created. Maximum may be less than 64 depending on) Service Class Name Best Effort, CIR, CBR

(Best Effort) Select the class of service for this service flow from the drop-down menu. (Must be the same for both upstream and downstream.) Number of Polling Slots 0 to 255

(10) Not supported in R1P1. Token Bucket Size 0 to 25000 kbytes

(1522) Specify the size of the token bucket for this service flow. No. of ARQ Retransmis-

sions Max. Null Count (CBR Only) 0 to 255

(5) 0 to 255

(10 Unsolicited Grant Pending Wait 0 to 100 frames

(20) Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. Specify the grant waiting period for this service flow. Normal Grant Interval Grant per Interval IP TOS Overwrite Peak Data Rate 5 to 100 ms

(10) 0 to 127 grants

(1) 0 to 65535

(0) Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. Menu: 64 to 8192 kbps

(0/BE & CIR, 64/CBR) Specify the peak data rate for this service flow Min. Reserved Traffic Rate Menu: 64 to 8192 kbps

(blank) If the service class is CBR, specify the minimum data rate for this service flow Active QoS Timeout ARQ State 0 to 100 frames

(20) ARQ On:

ARG Off, Return ACKs;

ARQ Off, No ACKs

(ARQ On) Request/Transmission Pol-

icy 0 to 255

(0) Grant Pending Wait Unsolicited Grant Size 0 to 100 frames

(20) 0 to 100 frames

(20) Specify the active QOS timeout for this service flow. Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. Not supported in R1P1. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 630 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-N CPE Service Flow Upstream Parameters (Continued) Parameter Tolerated Grant Jitter Range

(and Default) 5 to 100 ms

(5) Comments Not supported in R1P1. QoS Parameter Set Type Not supported in R1P1. Table6-O CPE Service Flow Downstream Parameters Parameter Max. Downstream Latency Token Bucket Size ARQ State Range

(and Default) 0 to 65535 ms

(20) 0 to 25000 kbytes

(1522) ARQ On:

ARG Off, Return ACKs;

ARQ Off, No ACKs

(ARQ On) No. of ARQ Retransmis-

sions 0 to 255

(6) Peak Data Rate Min. Reserved Traffic Rate Active QoS Timeout No. of Polling Slots QoS Parameter Set Type Menu: 64 to 8192 kbps

(0/BE & CIR, none/

CBR) Menu: 64 to 7168 kbps

(64/CIR, none/BE &

CBR) 0 to 100 frames

(20) 0 to 255

(0) Provisioned Set, Active Set, Provisioned and Active (Provisioned Set) Comments Not supported in R1P1 070-20000340-01 Rev A 631 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring Service Flow Classifiers In a multiservice environment, classifiers are used to direct subscriber traffic to dif-

ferent service flows. Therefore, until at least two service flows have been defined, the Classifier tab will be grayed out. Note that upstream and downstream traffic are separately assigned to service flows. See Table6-P for definitions of the classifier parameters. To define service flow classifiers:

1. Click on the Classifier tab and then the Upstream tab so that the screen illus-

trated in Figure6-16 is displayed. 2. Assign upstream traffic to a service flow as follows:

a. Specify the parameter(s) that will define the classifier. b. Choose the service flow to which traffic matching this classifier will be directed by selecting from the Service Flow Reference menu. c. Click on the save instance icon when done. 3. Click on the Downstream tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-17 is displayed. Assign downstream traffic to a service flow as follows:

a. Specify the parameter(s) that will define the classifier. b. Choose the service flow to which traffic matching this classifier will be directed by selecting from the Service Flow Reference menu. c. Click on the save instance icon when done. 4. To define another set of upstream and downstream classifiers, click on the new instance icon. Note that the Classifier Reference field will increment. a. Click on the Upstream tab, choose the service flow to which traffic matching this classifier will be directed by selecting from the Service Flow Reference menu, alter parameters as desired, and click on the save instance icon. b. Click on the Downstream tab, choose the same service flow as for upstream traffic from the Service Flow Reference menu, alter parameters as desired, and click on the save instance icon. 5. Repeat step 4 until all classifiers have been defined. Before generating the configuration file, be sure there is at least one upstream classifier and one downstream classifier assigned to each service flow which has been defined. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 632 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Figure6-16 Classifier Upstream Menu Figure6-17 Classifier Downstream Menu 070-20000340-01 Rev A 633 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-P CPE Classifier Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Classifier Reference N/A ID number of the current classifier; increments as each new instance is opened. Service Flow Reference Menu of existing SIDs

(0) Choose the service flow to which packets matching this classifier will be assigned. TOS Type (Low, High, Mask) IEEE 802.1P User Priority, High and Low 1 to 7 for each

(1) Activation State Inactive or Active

(Active) Activation Signal IP Protocol *

Any, ICMP-1, TCP-6, UDP-17

(Any) EnetType/802.2 SAP *

(no default) If desired, specify the matching parameters for the IP ToS byte range and mask. An IP packet with IP ToS byte value ip-tos matches this parameter if tos-low <= (ip-tos AND tos-mask) <= tos-high. Specify the high and low limits for user priority. Specify whether this classifier is to be active or inac-

tive. (This allows classifiers to be defined, then turned on or off.) Specify the Ethernet frame type:

For Version 2 or SNAP Ethernet Frame type, enter a value from 10000 -to 1FFFF For IEEE 802.2 Ethernet Frame Type, enter a value from 20000 to 2FFFF Source IP Address *

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) Specify a source by IP address. Source Subnet Mask *

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(255.255.255.255) Specify a destination subnetwork by entering an IP subnet mask. Source Port Start *

Source Port End *

0 to 65535

(no default 0 to 65535

(no default Specify a range of destination ports. Source MAC Address *

Destination IP Address *

xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx hexa-

decimal (no default) xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) Specify a source by MAC address. Specify a destination by IP address. Destination Subnet Mask *

xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(255.255.255.255) Specify a destination subnetwork by entering an IP subnet mask. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 634 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-P CPE Classifier Parameters (Continued) Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Destination Port Start *

Destination Port End *

0 to 65535

(no default 0 to 65535

(no default Specify a range of destination ports. Destination MAC Address *

xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx hexa-

decimal (no default) Specify a destination host by MAC address. Destination MAC Mask *

xx.xx.xx.xx.xx.xx hexa-

decimal (no default) Specify a range of destination hosts by MAC address mask. Rule Priority Value 0 to 255

(no default) Specify a priority value for this classifier rule. Rule priority has to be unique for each classifier in the system.

* All of these fields are optional, and may be specified as desired to define a classifier rule. Configuring Routing Functions Standard routing capability is not supported by the PacketWave 130. Therefore, this menu is not supported in R1P1. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 635 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring Subscriber Email Alerts Click on the Alerts tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-18 is displayed. Specify email alert parameters as indicated in Table6-Q. Figure6-18 Alerts Menu Table6-Q CPE ALERTS Parameters Parameter Range

(and Default) Comments Send Email on Alarms Domain Name Reply To Email Receiver 1 Email Receiver 2 Yes or No

(No)

any email address any email address Specify whether email alert message will be sent. (If No, the other fields will be unavailable. Specify the email domain name for the subscriber. Enter the sending email address for alert messages. Enter the email address(es) to which alert mes-

sages will be sent. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 636 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Configuring NAT Routing Network Address Translation (NAT) routing is performed only if the subscriber Indoor Unit is configured for NAT mode. If the subscriber Indoor Unit is configured as a bridge, the NAT tab will grayed out. To configure NAT routing, click on the NAT tab so that the screen illustrated in Figure6-19 is displayed. Specify NAT parameters as indicated in Table6-R. Figure6-19 NAT Menu 070-20000340-01 Rev A 637 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION Table6-R CPE NAT Parameters Parameter LAN IP Address Range

(and Default) xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(192.168.2.1) Comments Enter the IP address of the subscriber Indoor Units Ethernet LAN interface. This will be the default gate-

way for the LAN and will typically follow the gateway addressing convention. LAN Mask Visible Host xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(255.255.255.0) Enter the subnet mask which defines the LAN subnet. xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(no default) Enter the IP address of a host on the LAN which will respond to the subscriber Indoor Units wireless interface IP address. Enable Port Translation checked or unchecked

(checked) Check the NAT Port Translation box to enable port translation; uncheck the box to disable. Apps to be diverted to PacketWave 130 Web (checked) Telnet (unchecked) SNMP (checked) Check boxes corresponding to applications which are to be diverted to the PacketWave 100. Existing Servers

(Drop-down menu) Menu of servers defined on the LAN subnet. Use these fields to define (add or delete) servers on the LAN subnet, and to specify the parameters of the servers. Server Type Local Port Number Remote Port Number Local Server IP Address FTP, HTTP, IMAP2, SNMP, POP3, SMTP, Telnet, TFTP, Other

(no default) Read-only, per Server Type Default follows Local Port Number xxx.xxx.xxx.xxx decimal

(192.0.1.0) Protocol Type

(Drop-down menu) Configuration Operation Add or Delete

(Add) Configuring the Subscriber Indoor Units DHCP Server This menu is not supported in R1P1. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 638 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION OTHER CONFIGURATION METHODS Only configuration changes made using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager can affect the PacketWave Systems configuration file on the TFTP server. A limited set of configuration changes can be made in real time via the Web and SNMP interfaces. But such changes are not recorded in, and cannot be saved to, the configuration files on the TFTP server. When the configured equipment (Base Station Unit or subscriber Indoor Unit) is rebooted, it will revert to the parameters in the stored configuration file, and all changes made via the Web interface or SNMP will be lost. Therefore, configuration changes via the Web Interface or SNMP are recommended only for testing and troubleshooting purposes. Should a configuration change need to be made permanent, you must use the WaveCenter Configuration Manager to update the relevant configuration file on the TFTP server. NOTE: If a configuration change is made to operating parameters using the Web or SNMP interface, and then duplicated using the CM and saved to the TFTP server, the change will essentially survive a reboot. This is a way to make permanent con-

figuration changes without immediately rebooting the system. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 639 CHA PTER 6. BSU AND S UBSCR IBER CON FIGU RATION 070-20000340-01 Rev A 640 CHAPTER 7. NETWORK CONFIGURATION AND START-UP Figure 7-1 PacketWave System Servers Required and Recommended Servers Make sure that the Base Station Unit can access the following servers:

DHCP Server The server from which the Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units obtain:

- IP addresses

- Subnet masks

- Default gateways

- TFTP server IP address

- Other server IP addresses

- BSU and SU configuration file names NOTE: If the DHCP and the BSU are not on the same subnet, the BSUs subnet must include a DHCP relay agent to pass the BSUs DHCP requests to the proper DHCP server. Also, subscriber Indoor Units can collectively be assigned a different DHCP server than the one used by the BSU. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 72 CHAPTER 7. NETWORK CONFIGURATION AND START-UP TFTP Server The server from which the Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units download configuration files. SNTP Server A Simple Network Time Protocol server is recommended for synchronizing the PacketWave Base Station Units date and time with other systems on the network. (If there is no SNTP server, the Base Station Units date and time must be set via the Web interface.) NOTE: Subscriber Indoor Units obtain the date and time from the BSU. Whenever the BSUs date/time is changed, it downloads the new date/time to all subscriber Indoor Units. DNS Server Access to a DNS server is necessary for the resolution of Internet domain names. Optional Servers Depending on the features and functions to be implemented, additional servers may be required. These servers can be identified in the DHCP server configuration or in the BSU configuration. NOTE: If different servers of a particular type are identified, the server identified in the DHCP configuration will prevail. SMTP Server A Simple Mail Transfer Protocol server is required for the emailing of event alerts. (Alternatively, this server can be identified in the BSU configuration.) Syslog Server A syslog server may be specified for logging of event mes-

sages from the Base Station Units. (Alternatively, this server can be identified in the BSU configuration.) DHCP Server for CPE A different DHCP server than the one used for the BSU can be specified for Subscriber Indoor Units. SNMP Managers All Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units include SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol) agents which can be accessed by an SNMP manager for monitoring and limited configuration. The SMTP, Syslog, and CPE DHCP servers can be identified via the WaveCenter Configuration Managers BSU MAIN IP Servers screen. (The SMTP and Syslog servers can also be specified in the DHCP servers configuration file.) The SNMP managers are identified via the BSU SNMP and CPE SNMP screen 070-20000340-01 Rev A 73 CHAPTER 7. NETWORK CONFIGURATION AND START-UP Preparing the TFTP Server The PacketWave System uses the TFTP server for storing files and downloading them to Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units on request. Any third-party or pub-

lic domain TFTP server may be used. Ensure that configuration files for all Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units are stored in the default directory (typically \tftpboot) of the TFTP server, and that the TFTP server is running. Configuring the DHCP Server A variety of DHCP servers are available. Their configurations follow the same general principles, but vary in implementation, terminology, and user interfaces. DHCP con-

figuration should be performed by personnel knowledgeable about both DHCP in gen-

eral and the particular DHCP server to be used. Whichever DHCP server is employed, it should be configured to include the parameters identified in Table 7-A. CAUTION:

Take special care to ensure that the BSU and subscriber configu-

ration file names entered in the DHCP configuration are exactly the same as the files created using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager and stored on the TFTP server. A newly-installed unit will not be able to operate properly if it cannot locate and down-

load its configuration file. Table 7-A DHCP Configuration Requirements Servers Subnets (Scopes) Each Base Station Unit Each Subscriber Indoor Unit Required: TFTP Recommended: SNTP, DNS Optional: SNMP, SMTP, POP3 Subnets / Subnet Masks Routers / Gateways Hardware Ethernet / MAC address Fixed IP address for backhaul interface configuration file name Hardware Ethernet / MAC address Fixed IP address for wireless interface configuration file name Subscriber Hosts IP addresses if the subscriber Indoor Unit functions as a bridge DNS server if the subscriber Indoor Unit functions as a NAT router 070-20000340-01 Rev A 74 CHAPTER 7. NETWORK CONFIGURATION AND START-UP SYSTEM START-UP Once all of the configuration files have been created, start the PacketWave System by performing the following steps:

1. Verify that all of the configuration files have been saved in the default directory on the TFTP server. 2. Verify that the TFTP server is running and accessible. 3. Verify that the DHCP server has been configured for network addresses and for all BSUs and subscribers. 4. Verify that the DHCP server is running and accessible. 5. Boot the Base Station Unit. It will download its configuration, obtain its IP address, and initialize automatically. 7. 6. When the Base Station Unit has finished initializing, boot the subscriber Indoor Units. Initialize each subscriber Indoor Unit using the CPE Installation Tool, as described in the PacketWave 100 Series Subscriber Equipment Installation and Operation manual. When a subscriber Indoor Unit has been initialized, it will download its configuration, obtain IP addresses, and join the network. ADDING BASE STATION UNITS AND/OR SUBSCRIBERS To add one or more Base Station Units and/or subscribers to an existing cell:

1. Launch the WaveCenter Configuration Manager. 2. Use the Configuration Manager to create configuration files for the new device(s) as described in Chapter 6. 3. Save or copy the configuration file(s) to the default directory of the TFTP server. 4. Add the required information about the device(s) in the DHCP servers config-

uration file. 5. Boot the new devices. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 75 CHAPTER 7. NETWORK CONFIGURATION AND START-UP OTHER CONFIGURATION METHODS Only configuration changes made using the WaveCenter Configuration Manager affect the PacketWave Systems configuration data base. A limited set of configuration changes can be made in real time via the Web and SNMP interfaces, but such changes are not permanently stored. When the configured equipment (Base Station Unit or subscriber Indoor Unit) is rebooted, it will revert to the stored configuration, and all changes made via the Web interface or SNMP will be lost. Therefore, configuration changes via the Web Interface or SNMP are recommended only for testing and troubleshooting purposes. Should a permanent configuration change need to be made, you must use the WaveCenter Configuration Manager to update the relevant configuration files on the TFTP server. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 76 8 MANAGEMENT INTERFACES The PacketWave system supports real-time monitoring and limited on-the-fly con-

figuration changes via a Web-browser-accessed Graphical User Interface (GUI) and SNMP. There is also a simple command line interface (CLI) for basic troubleshooting and debugging. WEB INTERFACE (GUI) Each Base Station Unit and Subscriber Unit includes a Java-based graphical user interface (GUI) which runs on a standard Web browser (Netscape 4.74 or higher, or Internet Explorer 5.0). Functions of the Web GUI include:

Viewing network topology. Monitoring status and performance. Reviewing configuration. Making basic configuration changes. Resetting Base Station Units, BSU wireless interfaces (WSSs), and subscriber Indoor Units. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 81 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Accessing the Web Interface To access the graphical user interface:

1. Establish a connection and open your Web browser. 2. Enter the URL, http://<BSU IP address>/bsc.htm. 3. Respond to the user name prompt with Aperto and to the password prompt with Aperto. NOTE: The user name and password are case-sensitive, so be sure to capitalize the A in Aperto. 4. If the browser prompts that it needs to load a plug-in, allow it to do so. 5. Wait for the Web interface home page to open, as shown in Figure8-1. The Web GUI pages share the basic elements identified in Figure8-1 . Using the Base Station Units Web GUI When you open the BSUs Web GUI, you are at the BSU Home Page shown in Figure8-1 . A main menu and submenus allow you to navigate easily among the var-

ious BSU pages. Network Views From the BSU Home Page, you can view the BSU and its wireless interfaces. Hyper-

links allow you to navigate through the BSU connections as indicated in Figure8-1 through Figure8-3. The first time you select the Cell View page (Figure8-3), your browser may prompt that it wants to download Java applets. Click on the OK button to allow the download. The applets will then be cached in the browser, so downloading will not be required in the future. The connectivity views provide a quick way to identify the configured Base Station Units, sectors (WSS), and subscribers, and to check their status. The arrows pointing to the subscriber Indoor Units in Figure8-1 and Figure8-2 indicate wireless channel status: green if good or red if down. Color-coding of the cell view, shown in Figure8-3, is indicated by the legend on the cell view page. Status indications on the topology views are updated dynamically every 30 seconds. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 82 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Main Menu Submenu Return-to-Home-Page Button Display Header

(may include model, IP address, MAC address, date and time) Hyperlinks

(down to selected port; see Figure 8-2) Figure8-1 BSU Home: BSU/SU Connectivity, All Wireless Ports 070-20000340-01 Rev A 83 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Hyperlink

(back to BSU level;

see Figure 8-1) Hyperlinks

(down to CPE level;

see Figure 8-19) Figure8-2 BSU Home: BSU/SU Connectivity, Select Port Hyperlinks

(to WSS Config;

see Figure 8-7) Hyperlink

(back to BSU level;

see Figure 8-1) Figure8-3 BSU Home: Cell View 070-20000340-01 Rev A 84 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Configuration Pages The Web GUI lets you check, and in some cases alter, the configuration of the Base Station Unit. There are five configuration pages which may be displayed, as indicated by the submenu at the left of the page; they are illustrated in Figure8-4 through Figure8-8 . System Configuration As shown in Figure8-4, the system configuration page identifies:

Ethernet parameters DHCP and other server settings Operating software and configuration files, and current boot status. Only the IP address of the System Log Server can be altered via this page. Click on the Submit button to activate any change made on this page. Figure8-4 System Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 85 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Administrative Configuration As shown in Figure8-5, the administrative configuration page allows viewing and altering of text fields related to BSU and cell administration. These text fields can be used for whatever information system administrators deem useful. Click on the Submit button to activate any changes made on this page. Figure8-5 Administrative Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 86 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Wireless Port Configuration As shown in Figure8-7, the wireless interface configuration page displays framing, sync, and channel parameters. These advanced parameters cannot be changed in the Web GUI; they can be altered only via the WaveCenter Configuration Manager, as described in Chapter 6. Figure8-7 WSS Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 88 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Local Time Configuration As shown in Figure8-8 , the local configuration page allows the specification of the local time zone and daylight savings time options. These adjustments will be applied to the time received from the Base Station Units SNTP server. Alternatively, the obtaining of system time from the SNTP server can be disabled, and the time entered on this page. Click on the Submit button to activate any changes made on this page. Figure8-8 Time Configuration Page Software Upgrade Options The HTML upgrade page illustrated in Figure8-9 lets you upgrade the Web GUI by writing new pages from files to the BSU. For example, you might have pages trans-

lated into a language other than English which you want to load in place of the English-language pages. If you have an HTML page to upload, you can type in the file name or browse for it. When the file name is specified, click on the Load button to load the file into the Base Station Units Web GUI agent. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 89 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Figure8-9 HTML Upgrade Page Device Control Utilities The device control page, illustrated in Figure8-10, provides access to several impor-

tant functions:

Resetting the entire BSU. Resetting a selected WSS. Restoring factory defaults for all BSU configuration options. The interface will prompt for confirmation before performing any selected functions. Figure8-10 Device Control Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 810 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Status Displays The BSU Web GUI includes the status pages shown in Figure8-11 through Figure8-13. These provide a snapshot of the current status of the Base Station Unit, its WSSs, and its connected subscribers (CPE). NOTE: The data base used to generate these pages is updated in real time. However, the pages do not update dynamically; you must click on the Refresh button to see later status. No configuration or other operation can be initiated from these pages. Figure8-11 Wireless Port Status Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 811 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Figure8-12 BSU Status Page Figure8-13 Inventory Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 812 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Performance Monitoring The BSU Web GUI provides wireless channel performance information on the pages illustrated in Figure8-14 through Figure8-16 . As shown in Figure8-14 and Figure8-15, transmitted and received byte counts are presented graphically for all wireless ports (WSS). These data base used to generate these displays is updated in real time, and the pages are automatically updated every 30 seconds. As shown in Figure8-16, transmitted and received byte counts for all subscribers in all sectors (wireless ports) are listed in a text format. NOTE: The data base used to generate this page is updated in real time. However, the pages do not update dynamically; you must click on the Refresh button to see later status. Figure8-14 BSU Transmitter Performance Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 813 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Figure8-15 BSU Receiver Performance Page Figure8-16 BSU CPE Performance Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 814 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Fault Reporting The BSU fault reporting functions include an event log and email configuration, as shown in Figure8-17 and Figure8-18. Event Log Page The event log page, shown in Figure8-17, includes all logable events reported by the Base Station Unit and its connected subscribers. NOTE: The data base used to generate the log is updated in real time. However, the pages do not update dynamically; you must click on the Refresh button to see later status. You can empty the log by clicking on the Clear All Events button. Figure8-17 BSU Event Log Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 815 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES E-mail Page As shown in Figure8-18, the E-mail configuration page allows the viewing and alter-

ing of Email event reporting parameters:

The address of the SMTP server (may be configured here, on the DHCP server, or in the BSU configuration). The BSUs E-mail domain name. Reply-to and receiver E-mail addresses. A test E-mail may be sent. Event reporting via E-mail may be turned on and off as desired. Click on the Submit button to activate any changes made on this page. Figure8-18 BSU Email Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 816 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Using the Subscriber Indoor Units Web GUI The subscriber Indoor Units GUI may be accessed via the BSU Web GUI (see Figure8-2 and Figure8-3 ), or by directly addressing the subscriber Indoor Unit

(http://<wireless interface IP address>/cpe.htm). In either case, a new network con-

nection is being requested, so the system prompts for a user name and password. Respond to each prompt with Aperto. NOTE: The user name and password are case-sensitive The subscriber (CPE) home page is illustrated in Figure8-19. It provides access to a range of pages similar to those for the Base Station Unit. As shown in Figure8-19, the subscriber (CPE) home page provides a graphical rep-

resentation of BSU-to-subscriber equipment connectivity. The arrow pointing to the subscriber Indoor Unit icon indicates wireless channel status: green if good or red if down. Status indications on the connectivity view are updated dynamically every 30 sec-

onds. Figure8-19 Subscriber Home Page: Connectivity View 070-20000340-01 Rev A 817 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Configuration Pages The Web GUI lets you check, and in some cases alter, the configuration of the subscriber equipment. There are four configuration pages which may be displayed, as indicated by the submenu at the left of the page; they are illustrated in Figure8-20 through Figure8-23. NOTE: NAT configuration applies only to PacketWave 120 and 130 models. System Configuration As shown in Figure8-20, the system configuration page provides an overview of the subscribers wireless network connection and operating parameters. These parameters are read-only. Figure8-20 Subscriber System Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 818 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES SNMP Configuration As shown in Figure8-21, the SNMP configuration page allows the viewing and alter-

ing of the subscriber Indoor Units SNMP parameters:

Whether traps will be generated by the Indoor Unit. What SNMP manager(s) will be recognized, and what level of access they will have. Click on the Submit button to activate any changes made on this page. Figure8-21 Subscriber SNMP Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 819 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES NAT Configuration As shown in Figure8-22 and Figure8-23, there are two configuration pages related to NAT (Network Address Translation) routing by the subscriber Indoor Unit. These read-only pages apply only when the Indoor Unit is in NAT mode. To move between the two NAT configuration pages, click on the hyperlinks at the bottoms of the pages. NAT configuration should be performed by a knowledgeable network administrator. Figure8-22 Subscriber NAT Configuration Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 820 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Figure8-23 Subscriber NAT Configured Rules Page Device Control Utilities The device control page, illustrated in Figure8-24, provides access to a pair of impor-

tant functions:

Resetting the subscriber Indoor Unit. Restoring factory defaults for all subscriber equipment configuration options. The interface will prompt for confirmation before performing a selected function. Figure8-24 Subscriber Device Control Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 821 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Fault Reporting The subscriber fault reporting functions include an event log and email configuration, as shown in Figure8-25 and Figure8-26. Event Log Page The event log page, shown in Figure8-25, includes all logable events reported by the subscriber Indoor Unit. NOTE: The data base used to generate the log is updated in real time. However, the pages do not update dynamically; you must click on the Refresh button to see later status. You can empty the log by clicking on the Clear All Events button. Figure8-25 Subscriber Event Log Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 822 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Status and Performance Statistics The subscriber (CPE) status page, shown in Figure8-27, identifies the subscriber Indoor Unit, its software and hardware, and its current operational status. As shown in Figure8-28, the performance page provides transmit and receive statis-

tics in a table format. NOTE: The data used to generate these pages is updated in real time. However, the pages do not update dynamically; you must click on the Refresh button to see new information. No configuration or other operation can be initiated from these pages. Figure8-27 Subscriber Status Page Figure8-28 Subscriber Performance Page 070-20000340-01 Rev A 824 CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES Each subscriber Indoor Unit includes an SNMP agent. Each Base Station Unit includes an SNMP agent plus a proxy agent for the subscriber Indoor Units. The agents support the following MIBs:

SNMP MIB (RFC 1157) MIB II (RFC 1213) Aperto private MIB Additional MIBs, as appropriate, for plug-in backhaul modules. The complete MIBs are provided on the PacketWave CD-ROM, and are available on the Aperto Web site, www.apertonet.com. The SNMP agents support trap reporting. Trap-reporting parameters can be specified via the Configuration Manager and the Web GUI as well as via SNMP. NOTE: SNMP parameters are read-only in R1P1. SNMP SYSLOG The Base Station Unit and subscriber Indoor Unit supports logging of event messages to a designated server according to the Syslog protocol. The Syslog server may be identified in the DHCP configuration or the BSU and SU configuration files. COMMAND LINE INTERFACE (CLI) Each Base Station Unit and subscriber Indoor Unit includes a simple command line interface (CLI) accessible via telnet and, for the BSU, directly via the front panel. To use the CLI:

1. Establish a connection in one of the following ways. Telnet to the Base Station Units or subscriber Indoor Units IP address. Enter the correct user name (Aperto) and password (Aperto) as prompted. Connect a computer directly to the BSUs RS-232 port, and open a terminal emulator configured for 38.4K baud, 8 bits, 1 stop bit, no parity. Press Return until prompted for Login. Enter the correct user name (Aperto) and password (Aperto). 070-20000340-01 Rev A 825 FAULT REPORTING CHAP TER 8. M AN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES The PacketWave Base Station Units and subscriber Indoor Units can be configured to report events by several means:

Email event messages. SNMP traps. Logging to a Syslog server. Event logs presented on request via SNMP or Web GUI. Reported events are identified in Table8-A. Table8-A Reported Events Fault Event Description Cold Start Warm Start BSU, WSS, or subscriber Indoor Unit has performed a full hardware boot. BSU, WSS, or subscriber Indoor Unit has performed a software reboot. Authentication Failure Invalid user name or password?

Port N Link Down Port N Link Up BSU Up BSU Down CPE Sync Acquired CPE Up CPE Down DHCP Failed WSS port (number N) has gone down. WSS port (number N) has come up. BSU has started normal operation. BSU has ceased normal operation. BSU has acquired wireless channel synchronization with a specific subscriber Indoor Unit. Subscriber Indoor Unit has started communication with the BSU. Subscriber Indoor Unit has ceased communication with the BSU. A failure has occurred in the retrieval of required data from the DHCP server. 070-20000340-01 Rev A 827 CHA PTER 8. MAN AGEMENT I NTERF ACES 070-20000340-01 Rev A 828 APPEN DIX A SPECIFICATIONS BASE STATION UNIT Interfaces Radio 4 Wireless Subsystems (WSS), each with the following interfaces:

Signal port (F connector) Xmt and Rcv test ports (F and BNC connectors, respectively) Radio control port (RJ45) Backhaul Port 100Base-T Ethernet (RJ45) Local Craft Interface RS232 serial port (DB9) Alarm/Control NO/NC/Common dry contact relay External Clock Input 10 MHz timing reference (BNC) Multiple BSU Synchronization 2 Main and 2 Alternate ports (BNC) Operation Data Rates 384 kbps to 10 Mbps; Bursts up to 20 Mbps Frequency Bands 2.5-2.686 GHz (MMDS), 3.4-3.7 GHz (FWA) 5.25-5.35 GHz (UNII) 5.725-5.875 GHz (UNII) Duplexing Mode Time Division Duplexing (TDD) Error Control Advanced MAC-layer ARQ; Reed Solomon FEC with variable block length and correction factor 070-20000340-01 Rev A A1 CHAP TER A. S PECIFICA TIONS Networking Protocols IP RIP2 routing Variable-length SubnetMask (VLSM), Classless Internet Domain Routing (CIDR) QoS IP DiffServ and ToS Service Classes CBR (constant bit rate) CIR (committed information rate) BE (best effort) DHCP client and relay agent Management Centralized management via PacketWave Configuration Manager (CM) Embedded web agent supporting SNMP, web browser, and CLI interfaces SNMP (RFC 1157), MIB II (RFC 1213), Ethernet bridge MIB (RFC 1493) Software upgrades through TFTP LED Indicators Power Radio Transmit, Receive, Status (for each WSS) Ethernet Link, Transmit, Receive Multi-unit Sync Main and Alt Power Requirements AC Option 85 to 265 V ac, 47-63 Hz DC Option 37 to 75 V dc Power Consumption 300 W maximum (base configuration) Dimensions and Weight W x H x D 19 x 3.5 x 23.5 inches (48.3 x 8.9 x 59.7 cm) Mounting Standard 19-inch rack Weight 38 pounds (17 kg) Environmental Operating Temperature 32 to 104 F (0 to 40 C) Humidity 10% to 90% noncondensing Regulatory Approvals FCC Part 15 Class B, CE, UL, CSA, EN (in process) 070-20000340-01 Rev A A2 CHAP TER A. S PECIFICA TIONS Plug-In Modules (Future) OC-3/STM-1 Backhaul Connector Duplex SC Line Rate 155.52 Mbps Line Framing SONET STS-3c/SDH STM-1 Reach MMF Short Reach (2 km) and SMF Medium Reach (15 km) ATM RFC 1483, IP over ATM RFC 1577, Classical IP over ATM VBR-rt, VBR-nrt, and UBR POS RFC 1619 PPP over SONET/SDH RFC 1662 PPP in HDLC-like Framing IP DiffServ DS3/E3 Backhaul Connector BNC Line Rate 44.736 Mbps (DS3); 34.368 Mbps (E3) Line Framing C-bit parity (DS3); G.751 (E3) Line Coding B3ZS (DS3); HDB3 (E3) Dual WSS (Wireless Subsystems) Connectors, LEDs, RF, network protocol, and management features are the same as for the built-in WSS interfaces RADIOS AND ANTENNAS See Tables A-1 and A-2 070-20000340-01 Rev A A3 CHAP TER A. S PECIFICA TIONS TableA-1 PacketWave Base Station Radios General Frequency Range Channel Widths Supported Modulation Duplexing Transmitter Maximum EIRP 2.5 GHz 3.5 GHz 5.3 GHz 5.8 GHz 2500 to 2686 MHz 3400 to 3700 MHz 5250 to 5350 MHz 5725 to 5875 MHz From 1 to 6 MHz in 1 MHz steps 1.75, 3.5, and 7.0 MHz From 1 to 6 MHz in 1 MHz steps From 1 to 6 MHz in 1 MHz steps QPSK and 16QAM, Adaptive Time Division Duplexing (TDD) 33 dBm (per US FCC requirements, 18 dBi antenna ACPR at Maximum EIRP First Adjacent (3 MHz from F 0) Second Adjacent (6 MHz from F0) ACPR at Maximum EIRP (7 MHz spacing) F0 + 5.6 MHz F0 + 7.0 MHz F0 + 14.0 MHz

-37 dBc

-60 dBc

-32 dBc

-37 dBc

-50 dBc TBD TBD TBD TBD Transmitter Gain Maximum Switching Time Maximum Group Delay Receiver

-10 to 25 dB

-15 to 20 dB

-15 to 20 dB

-15 to 20 dB 2 s, 10-90%

1.3 s Maximum Receiver Noise Figure 5.0 dB 5.5 dB 30 tbd dB 30 3 dB

-15 dBm

-10 dBm 6.5 dB 30 3 dB

-10 dBm 6.5 dB 30 3 dB

-10 dBm 2 s, 10 to 90%

Receiver Gain Minimum Receiver Input, IP3 Maximum Switching Time Synthesizer Maximum Phase Noise (10 kHz offset)

-86 dBc/Hzt

-83 dBc/Hzt

-83 dBc/Hzt

-83 dBc/Hzt Reference Frequency Antenna Port Connectors Signal Port Connector 10 MHz 500 Hz 4 female N-type Female F-type 070-20000340-01 Rev A A4 TableA-1 PacketWave Base Station Radios (Continued) CHAP TER A. S PECIFICA TIONS Impedance 10 MHz Reference Level IF Signal Maximum IF Signal Level DC Voltage Range Maximum Current Draw at +12 V Worst Case Return Loss Control Port Connector Maximum Data Rate Maximum CAT-5 Cable Length Radio Alarms Reported Environmental Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Relative Humidity 2.5 GHz 3.5 GHz 5.3 GHz 5.8 GHz 75 ohms 100 mVpp to 5 Vpp, sinusoidal 44 MHz 7 dBm 10 to 20 V 950 mA

-15 dB RJ45 female 4 Mbps 150 ft Transmitter Overpower Accuracy, 1 dB VCXO Lock Synthesizer Lock Undervoltage, less than 9.5 V

-22 to 140 F (-30 to 60 C)

-40 to 257 F (-40 to 125 C 0 to 100%

W x H x D, without mounting bracket Weigh Regulatory Approvals TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD TBD FCC Part 15, UL ETSI, CE FCC Part 15, UL, U-NII FCC Part 15, UL, U-NII 070-20000340-01 Rev A A5 CHAP TER A. S PECIFICA TIONS TableA-2 PacketWave Base Station Antennas: 60 Sectors 2.5 GHz 3.5 GHz 5.3 GHz 5.8 GHz General Number of Antennas for Spacial Diversity 2 Minimum Gain Maximum VSWR Maximum Input Power Polarization Minimum Cross-Polarization Isolation Minimum Front-to-Back Isolation Maximum Sidelobe Level Maximum H-V/Diversity Switching Time 3 dB Beamwidth: Azimuth (horizontal) Elevation (vertical) Connectors Base Station Signal Base Station Control Antenna Environmental Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Wind, Operational Wind, Survival Relative Humidity Physical 15 dBi 15 dBi 16 dBi 15 dBi 2.0:1 6 W Dual Horizontal and Vertical 20 dB 30 dB

-30 dB at 90 1 s 60 9 with null fill Female N-type Female RJ45 4 female N-type

-22 to 140 F (-30 to 60 C)

-40 to 257 F (-40 to 125 C) 75 mph (120 km/hr) 125 mph (200 km/hr) 0 to 100%

W x H x D, without mounting bracket TBD TBD TBD TBD Elevation Adjustment Mounting Pole Diameter Weight Regulatory Approvals TBD 2 to 4.5 inches (5.1 to 11.4 cm) TBD TBD TBD TBD FCC Part 15, UL, CE 070-20000340-01 Rev A A6