FCC ID: H8NWLL220CL 2.4 GHz/ 5 GHz Mini-PCI in Laptop

service@mail.adt.com.tw www.adt.com.tw FEDERAL COMMUNICATIONS COMMISSION DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY (DoC) FOR THE FOLLOWING EQUIPMENT:

PRODUCT NAME: 2.4GHz/5GHz Mini - PCI Card (Receiver Part) MODEL NO.: WLL220 TRADE NAME: Askey IS HEREWITH CONFIRMED AND FOUND TO COMPLY WITH THE REQUIREMENTS OF CFR 47 PART 15 REGULATION. THE RESULTS OF ELECTROMAGNETIC EMISSION EVALUATION ARE SHOWN IN THE REPORT NO.: D920318R01 THIS DEVICE COMPLIES WITH PART 15 OF THE FCC RULES. OPERATION IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TWO CONDITIONS:

(1) THIS DEVICE MAY NOT CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE AND,

(2) THIS DEVICE MUST ACCEPT ANY INTERFERENCE RECEIVED, INCLUDING INTERFERENCE THAT MAY CAUSE UNDESIRED OPERATION. THE FOLLOWING LOCAL MANUFACTURER/IMPORTER IS RESPONSIBLE FOR THIS DECLARATION Manufacturer USA Local Representative To Be Determined. Company name:

ASKEY COMPUTER CORP. Address:

10F,NO.119, CHIENKANG RD., CHUNG-

HO, TAIPEI TAIWAN R.O.C. Contact Person:

John Chiou Title:

Manager Tel/Fax:

Tel: +886-2-2228-7588 Fax: +886-2-3234-9340 ADVANCE DATA TECHNOLOGY CORPORATION

Safety Instructions Use the following safety guidelines to help protect yourself and your computer. When Using Your Computer CAUTION: Do not operate your portable computer for an extended period of time with the base resting directly on your body. With extended operation, heat can potentially build up in the base. Allowing sustained contact with the skin could cause discomfort or, eventually, a burn.

Do not attempt to service the computer yourself. Always follow installation instructions closely.

Do not carry a battery in your pocket, purse, or other container where metal objects (such as car keys) could short-

circuit the battery terminals. The resulting excessive current flow can cause extremely high temperatures and may result in damage from burns.

Be sure that nothing rests on your AC adapters power cable and that the cable is not located where it can be tripped over or stepped on.

Place the AC adapter in a ventilated area, such as a desktop or on the floor, when you use it to run the computer or to charge the battery. Do not cover the AC adapter with papers or other items that will reduce cooling; also, do not use the AC adapter while it is inside a carrying case.

Do not push objects into air vents or openings of your computer. Doing so can cause fire or electric shock by shorting out interior components.

Use only the AC adapter and batteries that are approved for use with this computer. Use of another type of battery or AC adapter may risk fire or explosion.

Danger of explosion if battery is incorrectly replaced.

Replace only with the same or equivalent type battery recommended by the manufacturer.

Dispose of used batteries according to the manufacturers instructions.

Before you connect the computer to a power source, ensure that the voltage rating of the AC adapter matches that of the available power source.

- 115 V/60 Hz in most of North and South America and some Far Eastern countries such as South Korea and Taiwan.

- 100 V/50 Hz in eastern Japan and 100 V/60Hz in western Japan.

- 230 V/50 Hz in most of Europe, the Middle East, and the Far East.

If you use an extension cable with your AC adapter, ensure that the total ampere rating of the products plugged in to the extension cable does not exceed the ampere rating of the extension cable.

To remove power from the computer, turn it off, remove the battery, and disconnect the AC adapter from the electrical outlet.

To help avoid the potential hazard of electric shock, do not connect or disconnect any cables or perform maintenance or reconfiguration of this product during an electrical storm.

Do not dispose of batteries in a fire. They may explode. Check with local authorities for disposal instructions.

When setting up the computer for work, place it on a level surface.

When traveling, do not check the computer as baggage. You can put your computer through an X-ray security machine, but never put your computer through a metal detector. If you have the computer checked by hand, be sure to have a charged battery available in case you are asked to turn on the computer.

When traveling with the hard drive removed from the computer, wrap the drive in a non-conducting material, such as cloth or paper. If you have the drive checked by hand, be ready to install the drive in the computer. Your can put the hard drive through an X-ray security machine, but never put the drive through a metal detector.

When traveling, do not place the computer in overhead storage compartments where it could slide around. Do not drop your computer or subject it to other mechanical shocks.

Protect your computer, battery, and hard drive from environmental hazards such as dirt, dust, food, liquids, temperature extremes, and overexposure to sunlight.

When you move your computer between environments with very different temperature and/or humidity ranges, condensation may form on or within the computer. To avoid damaging the computer, allow sufficient time for the moisture to evaporate before using the computer.

NOTICE: When taking the computer from low-

temperature conditions into a warmer environment or from high-temperature conditions into a cooler environment, allow the computer to acclimate to room temperature before turning on power.

When you disconnect a cable, pull on its connector or on its strain relief loop, not on the cable itself. As you pull out the connector, keep it evenly aligned to avoid bending any connector pins. Also, before you connect a cable make sure both connectors are correctly oriented and aligned.

Before you clean your computer, turn it off, unplug it from its power source, and remove the battery.

Handle components with care. Hold a component such as a memory module by its edges, not its pins. CAUTION: When using your telephone equipment, basic safety precautions should always be followed to reduce the risk of fire, electric shock and injury to persons, including the following:

Do not use this product near water, for example, near a bathtub, washing bowl, kitchen sink or laundry tub, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool.

Avoid using a telephone (other than a cordless type) during an electrical storm. There may be a remote risk of electric shock from lightning.

Do not use the telephone to report a gas leak in the vicinity of the leak.

Use only the power cord indicated in this manual. Regulatory Notices This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. Any changes or modifications made to this equipment may void the user's authority to operate this equipment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. All external cables connecting to this basic unit must be shielded. For cables connecting to PCMCIA cards, see the option manual or installation instructions. Federal Communications Commission (FCC) PART 68 Warning This equipment complies with Part 68 of the FCC Rules. On the bottom of the computer is a label that contains, among other information, the FCC Registration Number and Ringer Equivalence Number (REN) for this equipment. You must, upon request, provide this information to your telephone company. FCC Part 68 Registration Number: 6CTTAI - 25876 - FB E REN: 0.8B The REN is useful to determine the quantity of devices you may connect to your telephone and still have those devices ring when your number is called. In most, but not all areas, the sum of the REN's of all devices should not exceed five (5.0). To be certain of the number of devices you may connect to your line, as determined by the REN, you should call your local telephone company to determine the maximum REN for your calling area. If your MODEM causes harm to the telephone network, the local Telephone Company may discontinue your service temporarily. If possible, they will notify you in advance. However, if advanced notice isn't practical, you will be notified as soon as possible. You will be informed of your right to file a complaint with the FCC. Your telephone company may make changes in its facilities, equipment, operations, or procedures that could affect the proper functioning for your equipment. If they do, you will be notified in advance to give you an opportunity to maintain uninterrupted telephone service. CE Notice (European Union) Marking by the symbol indicates compliance of this Compal computer to the EMC Directive and the Low Voltage Directive of the European Union. Such marking indicates that this Compal system meets the following technical standards:

EN 55022 "Limits and Methods of Measurement of Radio Interference Characteristics of Information Technology Equipment."

EN 55024 "Information technology equipment -

Immunity characteristics - Limits and methods of measurement."

EN 61000-3-2 "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -

Part 3: Limits - Section 2: Limits for harmonic current emissions (Equipment input current up to and including 16 A per phase)."

EN 61000-3-3 "Electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) -

Part 3: Limits - Section 3: Limitation of voltage fluctuations and flicker in low-voltage supply systems for equipment with rated current up to and including 16 A."

EN 60950 "Safety of Information Technology Equipment."

NOTE: EN 55022 emissions requirements provide for two classifications:

Class A is for typical commercial areas. Class B is for typical domestic areas. To determine which classification applies to your computer, examine the FCC registration label located on the back panel of the computer. If the label indicates a Class A rating, the following warning applies to your computer:

RF INTERFERENCE WARNING: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio frequency (RF) interference, in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures. This Compal device is classified for use in a typical Class B domestic environment. A "Declaration of Conformity" in accordance with the preceding directives and standards has been made and is on file at Compal Computer Corporation. CCC Notice (China Only) On Class A systems, the following warning will appear near the regulatory label:

Warning: This is a Class A product. In a domestic environment this product may cause radio interference, in which case the user may be required to take adequate measures. BSMI Notice (Taiwan Only) Most Compal computer products are classified by the Bureau of Standards, Meteorology and Inspection (BSMI) as Class B information technology equipment (ITE). This Compal device is classified for use in a typical Class B domestic environment. CANADIAN DOC NOTICE This digital apparatus does not exceed the Class B limits for radio noise emissions from digital apparatus as set out in the Radio Interference Regulation of the Canadian Department of Communications.

"Le prsent appareil numrique n'met pas de bruits radiolectriques dpassant les limites applicables aux appareils numriques de la class B prescrites dans le Rglement sur le brouillage radiolectrique dict par le ministre des Communications du Canada"

Macrovision License of Notice This product incorporates copyright protection technology that is protected by methods and claims of certain U.S. patents and other intellectual rights owned by Macrovision Corporation, and other rights owners. Use of this copyright protection technology must be authorized by Macrovision Corporation and is intended for home and other limited viewing uses only unless authorized by Macrovision Corporation. Reverse engineering of disassembly is prohibited. About this users manual This users manual is designed to let you easily find the information you need to get the most from your notebook. Chapter 1 introduces you to the features of your computer. Chapter 2 gives you useful details on using your computer. Chapter 3 tells you how to look after your notebook computer, whether at home or traveling. Chapter 4 talks about PC Card peripherals and how to use them. Chapter 5 goes into more detail about power management and explains how to conserve power while on the move. Chapter 6 gives you tips on solving typical problems you may run up against. Chapter 7 introduces you to BIOS, the nervous system of your computer, and how to change its fundamental settings. There is no need to read the manual from the beginning to end. Simply find your way to the section that interests you using the index, or browse through the manual. You will come across the following icons in the manual:

Helpful pointers and tricks to get more from your notebook To help you note and avoid possible damage to your notebook's hardware or software, or loss of your work Points out possible damage to property, personal injury or death Information in this document is subject to change without notice. Compal Electronics, Inc. 2003. All rights reserved. Trademarks used in this document: Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. Other trademarks and trade names may be used in this document to refer to either the entities claiming the marks and names or their products. 1 Introducing Your Notebook 1.1 Front 1 LCD Module Latch 2 Display 3 Easy Buttons 4 TouchPad 5 TouchPad Buttons 6 Device Status Lights 7 Optical Media Drive 8 Keyboard 9 Power Button 10 Keyboard Status Lights 1.1.1 LCD Module Latch Secures the display case to your notebook. To open the display, slide the latch to the right and lift the display. When you close the display the latch secures it automatically. 1.1.2 Display Your display is either a 14.1" or 15.1 COLOR TFT/XGA or COLOR TFT/SXGA+ LCD. 1.1.3 Easy Buttons These buttons launch your favorite programs. Launches a pre-configured program. Launches a pre-configured program. 1.1.4 TouchPad The TouchPad works like a desktop mouse. For more information see Keyboard and TouchPad in Chapter 2. 1.1.5 TouchPad Buttons The left and right TouchPad buttons work like the left/right buttons on a standard mouse. 1.1.6 Device Status Lights Indicates power on; flashing indicates standby mode. Indicates battery status. For details, see Battery. Indicates wireless communication status. 1.1.7 Optical Media Drive The optical media drive provides a means for you to import/export data and small files into/from your computer. Depending on the configuration of your computer, you may either be able to record CDs or play DVDs. To remove the Optical Media Drive:

1. 2. Slide the ODD Module Latch to the left. Gently pull the ODD from the ODD Module Bay. 1.1.8 Keyboard The keyboard includes a numeric keypad and the Microsoft Windows logo key. See Keyboard and TouchPad in Chapter 2 for more on using keyboard shortcuts. 1.1.9 Power Button Press to turn your notebook on. For more on power settings see Power Management. Windows XP, which comes preinstalled, goes into the shutdown sequence automatically if you press the power button while on. You can configure this in Control Panel: Power Options Advanced. 1.1.10 Keyboard Status Lights Indicates uppercase letter function enabled Indicates numeric keypad enabled Indicates scroll lock function enabled 1.2 Right Side 1 Speaker 2 AC Adapter Connector 3 Air Fan 1.2.1 Speaker To adjust the system speaker volume, look under the Sounds and Audio Devices Properties of the Control Panel. See Chapter 2 for more details. Many software programs, such as multimedia applications, also include their own volume controls. 1.2.2 AC Adapter Connector Use this connector to attach the AC adapter to your notebook. You can connect an AC adapter when your notebook is switched on or off. While the AC adapter works with electrical outlets worldwide, power connectors and power strips vary from country to country. Ensure you use compatible cable or correctly connect the cable to the power strip or electrical outlet. Failure to do so may cause fire or damage to equipment. 1.2.3 Air Vent An internal fan creates airflow through the vents, preventing your notebook from overheating. When it gets hot, your notebook will switch on the fans, which may make some noise. This is normal, and does not mean there is a problem. Never block, push objects into, or allow dust to gather in the air vents. Doing so may damage your notebook or cause a fire. 1.3 Left Side 1 USB Connector 2 Infrared Port 3 PC Card Port 4 SD Card Port 5 Audio Ports 6 Wireless Communication Switch 7 Speaker 1.3.1 USB Connector Use this port to connect a USB device, such as a mouse, full-size external keyboard, or printer, to the computer. USB is a peripheral expansion standard that supports a data-transfer rate of up to 480 Mbps. USB peripherals have a single standard for cables and connectors. You can install and remove USB devices while the computer is on. This is known as "hot swapping". 1.3.2 Infrared Port Use this port to send and receive infrared (IR) signals to and from other IR-compatible devices. Supports a transfer rate of up to 4 Mbps per second. 1.3.3 PC Card Port Supports one type II PC Cards. For more information, see PC Cards in Chapter 4. 1.3.4 SD Card Port Supports one Secure Digital card, which is used in digital still camera and various forms of portable information equipment. 1.3.5 Audio Ports You can connect a headphone or an external speaker to the port and a microphone to the port. The built-in speakers are disabled when a device is connected to the port. 1.3.6 Wireless Communication Switch Turns the wireless communication function on or off. The wireless communication LED the function is activated. on the front panel lights when 1.3.7 Speaker To adjust the system speaker volume, look under the Sounds and Audio Devices Properties of the Control Panel. See Chapter 2 for more details. Many software programs, such as multimedia applications, also include their own volume controls. 1.4 Back 1 Security Cable Connector 5 Modem Jack 2 Parallel Port 3 External Monitor Port 4 USB Ports x 2 6 Network Jack 7 TV-out Port 8 IEEE 1394 Port 1.4.1 Security Cable Connector To protect your notebook from theft, you can purchase an antitheft device. Instructions for use are included with such devices. Before purchasing any antitheft device, check that it will work with your notebook's security cable connector. 1.4.2 Parallel Port Use this port to connect parallel devices, such as a printer. To protect your notebook, wait 5 seconds after turning it off before disconnecting any external device. 1.4.3 External Monitor Port Use this port to connect an external monitor to your computer. See Display, Chapter 2-5. 1.4.4 USB Connectors Use these ports to connect up to three USB devices, such as a mouse, full-size external keyboard, or printer. USB is a peripheral expansion standard that supports a data-transfer rate of up to 12 Mbps. USB peripherals have a single standard for cables and connectors. You can install and remove USB devices while the computer is on. This is known as "hot swapping. 1.4.5 Modem Jack The modem jack allows you to connect your notebook to a telephone line with a standard RJ-11 connector. Never connect the modem jack to a digital line. The high current of a digital line could damage the modem. 1.4.6 Network Jack The RJ-45 network jack allows you to connect your computer to a local area network (LAN). Be careful not to plug the telephone line into the slightly larger network connector. 1.4.7 TV-out Port Use this port to connect a television set. See Display, Chapter 2-5, for details. 1.4.8 IEEE 1394 Port The IEEE 1394 port allows you to connect devices that utilize IEEE 1394 technology to your computer. This technology is widely used in consumer products such as digital cameras. 1.5 Bottom 1 Battery Release Latch 2 Battery Pack 3 HDD 4 Memory Module Cover 5 ODD Module Release Latch 1.5.1 Battery Release Latch The battery release latch secures the battery pack. To release, simply slide the latch across. The battery pack will pop up. 1.5.2 Battery Pack With a charged battery pack installed, you can use your notebook without connecting it to an electrical outlet. For more details, see Battery, Chapter 5. To remove the battery pack:

Slide the Battery Pack Release Latch to the left. 1. 2. Gently pry the Battery Pack from the computer chassis. 1.5.3 HDD The HDD should only be removed if you need to repair or replace the installed HDD unit. To remove the HDD:

1. 2. Remove the screw securing the HDD to the chassis Gently pull the HDD out. Do not replace the HDD on your own! If the HDD requires replacing, take the computer to your dealer or a service technician. 1.5.4 Memory Module Cover The memory module(s) is (are) housed beneath the memory module cover. 1.5.5 ODD Module Release Latch This releases the optical media drive (ODD). Slide it to the left, then carefully pull the ODD from its bay. 2 Operating Your Notebook 2.1 Turning Your Notebook On and Off Turning Your Notebook On Turning Your Notebook Off Logging Off Adding User Accounts Standby Mode 2.1.1 Turning Your Notebook On You can configure the computer to start from a specific drive, such as a CD-ROM, an external floppy disk, or even an external. See Chapter 3, the BIOS Setup Program. Press the power button to turn on your notebook. Do not turn off the computer until the operating system has loaded completely. Turning the computer off during its initial startup will result in an error the next time you start your notebook. 2.1.2 Turning Your Notebook Off If your notebook is using Microsoft Windows XP Professional operating system, there are security and networking features not available in Windows XP Home Edition. You will see different options in some windows, related to security and networking. Save and close any open files, exit any open programs. Click Start > Turn Off Computer > Turn Off. Your notebook will automatically turn off after the shutdown process is finished. You can configure Windows XP to shut down or go into sleep mode by pressing the power button. Open the Control Panel: Power Options Advanced dialog box to do this. 2.1.3 Logging Off With Microsoft Windows XP, multiple users can access a single computer with their own, personal settings. Using their own password, each user logs on to the computer, meaning other users cannot access their settings or files. To log off:

3. 4. Save and close any open files, exit any open programs, click Start > Log Off > Log Off. To switch users, click Start > Log Off > Switch User. Using Fast User Switching, programs that previous users were running remain running in the background. This means a possible slower computer response. It may also stop multimedia programs, including games and DVD software, from running. Fast User Switching does not work if your notebook is running Windows XP Professional and is a member of a computer domain or if the notebook has less than 128 MB of memory. You can set up Fast User Switching in the Control Panel dialog box, under User Accounts: Change the way users log on or off. 2.1.4 Adding User Accounts Different account options are available when a computer is running the Windows XP Professional operating system and is connected to a domain. With Windows XP installed, the system administrator or a user with administrator rights can create additional user accounts:

1. Click Start > Control Panel > User Accounts. 2. Under Pick a task, click Create a new account. 3. Under Name the new account, enter the name of the new user. Click Next. 4. Under Pick an account type, choose one of the following options:

Computer administrator: Can change all computer settings. Standard (Windows XP Professional only): Can install some programs and hardware. Limited: Can only change your own personal settings, such as your password. You are not able to install programs or use the Internet. 5. Click Create Account. 2.1.5 Standby Mode To find out how to conserve power using the Standby Mode, see Power Management, Chapter 5. 2.2 Tips For Using Windows Microsoft Windows XP Help Windows Desktop Start Button Taskbar Notification Area (System Tray) Recycle Bin Control Panel My Computer 2.2.1 Microsoft Windows XP Help For Microsoft Windows XP help, click the Start menu then click the Help and Support icon. The Help and Support Center dialog box opens. 2.2.2 Windows Desktop Depending on your notebook setup and software, your desktop may have different or additional shortcuts. See Personalizing Your Desktop, section 2-4, for more information. 2.2.3 Desktop Cleanup Wizard The Desktop Cleanup Wizard moves icons for programs not frequently used to a folder 7 days after you first start your notebook and every 60 days after that. The Start menu's appearance changes as program icons are moved. To turn off the Desktop Cleanup Wizard:

Right-click an empty spot on your desktop > Properties >

Desktop > Customize Desktop > click Run Desktop Cleanup Wizard every 60 days to remove the check mark > OK. The Desktop Cleanup Wizard can be run any time by simply clicking Clean Desktop Now under Desktop Cleanup. 2.2.4 Start Button The Start button allows easy access to your notebook's programs. The Start menu is designed to adapt, to show the programs you use most frequently. To always keep an item on the Start menu, no matter how often it's used, right-click the item and click Pin to Start menu. Log Off allows the current user to log off so a new user can log on to the notebook using their personal settings. Turn Off Computer provides options for turning off, restarting, and placing your notebook in power saving modes. If your notebook is running Windows XP Professional and is connected to a domain, different options appear in the Shut Down window. 2.2.5 Taskbar The Start button is on the left and the notification area on the right. Each time you open a program a button for it appears on the taskbar. To move between programs, simply click the relevant button. Windows XP groups multiple instances of the same program on a single taskbar button if more space is needed. Toolbars can be added to or removed from the taskbar:

Right-click an empty spot on the taskbar, and select Toolbars >

choose the toolbar you want to add. 2.2.6 Notification Area (System Tray) The icons in this area allow quick access to programs and computer functions, including the clock and printer status. Windows XP hides icons that are not used frequently. Click see hidden icons. To prevent Windows XP from hiding icons:

Right-click an empty spot on the Taskbar > Properties > ensure that Hide inactive icons is not checked. to 2.2.7 Recycle Bin When you delete a file, it is moved to the Recycle Bin. Files can be restored from the Recycle Bin. Emptying the Recycle Bin deletes files permanently. 2.2.8 Control Panel In the Control Panel you can change how Windows looks and works. Click the Start button and then Control Panel. There are two interfaces - you can choose either Classic View or Category View. You can switch interfaces in the upper left hand window of the Control Panel dialog box. Under Pick a Category, choose the category of the task you wish to complete, and then choose the task in the next window. 2.2.9 My Computer My Computer allows you to see the contents of your notebook's drives. The My Computer icon appears on your Desktop. To see the contents of a drive or folder, open My Computer then double-click the icon for the drive or folder you want to view (for example, drive C). You can also use Windows Explorer to see the contents of your notebook and find files. To open Windows Explorer, right-click the Start button and click Explore. Find the drive or folder that you want to view. To find out more about My Computer and Windows Explorer, see the Help and Support Center. 2.3 Keyboard and TouchPad Numeric Keypad Keyboard Shortcuts Easy Buttons StickyKeys TouchPad Customizing the TouchPad 2.3.1 Numeric Keypad Keypad numbers and symbols are marked in blue on the lower right edge of the keypad keys. To enable the numeric keypad, press . The indicator will light when the numeric lock is on. To disable the numeric keypad, press again. To use the primary function of a dual-function key when the numeric keypad is enabled, press and the desired key. 2.3.2 Keyboard Shortcuts Switches Display Mode (LCD > CRT

> Simultaneous). Switches the video image to the next display in the following sequence: the integrated display, an external monitor, and both displays simultaneously Number Lock Scroll Lock Brightness Up Brightness Down Pad Lock When using an external PS/2 keyboard, the Fn key can be simulated by using the left-Ctrl + left-Alt keys. USB keyboards do not support this function. 2.3.3 Windows Logo Key Functions opens Windows Explorer opens the Run dialog box opens the Search Results dialog box opens the Search Results - Computers dialog box

(when your notebook is connected to a network) opens the System Properties dialog box To adjust keyboard operation, including character repeat rate, in the Control Panel click Printers and Other Hardware >

Keyboard. 2.3.4 Easy Buttons The Easy Buttons are designed to give you fast access to the programs you use most often. By default, the easy button keys are not configured for any particular program. The first time you press one of them, the Configure Buttons dialog box opens. Select the button youd like to configure, and then assign a program to it either from the Application Launch list of pre-

defined defaults or by using the Browse button to locate a different program. The Caption option lets you define the caption that appears on your screen when you press the button. 2.3.5 StickyKeys The StickyKeys function lets you use the SHIFT, CTRL, ALT, FN keys or the Windows logo key (referred to as modifier keys) in conjunction with other keys by pressing one key at a time instead of simultaneously. To activate StickyKeys mode, press the Shift key five times and then click OK. Alternatively, you can click on Start > Control Panel >

Accessibility Options and check Use StickyKeys before clicking OK. To further customize StickyKeys, click Settings in either of the above dialogue boxes. The following dialogue box will appear. Click Use shortcut to enable the listed shortcut to activate StickyKeys mode. By checking Press modifier key twice to lock, pressing the SHIFT, CTRL, ALT, FN or the Windows logo key twice will

'lock' the key until it is pressed again. This allows you to perform multiple commands with these keys in succession without having to press the modifier key again each time. Check Turn StickyKeys off if two keys are pressed at once to have StickyKeys automatically disable whenever any two keys are pressed simultaneously. If Make sounds when modifier key is pressed is checked, a tone will be heard each time a modifier key is pressed. Different tones are heard when activating and deactivating modifier keys. Check Show StickyKeys status on screen to display the StickyKeys icon in your toolbar whenever the StickyKeys mode is activated. The icon will change to indicate which modifier key, if any, is currently active. Click on OK to confirm your changes, or Cancel to exit the dialogue box without making any changes. 2.3.6 TouchPad The TouchPad responds to the movements and pressure of your finger, allowing you to move the cursor around the screen, in the same way you would with a mouse. Place your fingers on the keyboard in the normal typing position. You can use the TouchPad by moving either your right or left thumb off the space bar and on to the TouchPad. Gently move your thumb across the TouchPad in the direction you want the cursor to move. The TouchPad buttons have the same function as mouse buttons. Clicking these buttons makes selections, drags objects, or performs a variety of other functions depending on the software. To select an object, first move the pointer over the object you want to select, and then press the left button one time and release it. The functionality of these buttons depends on your software. Double-clicking is a common technique for selecting objects or launching programs. You may also select object or execute applications from icons by double tapping. This is similar to double-clicking, but instead of pressing the TouchPad buttons, you tap the TouchPad itself. 2.3.7 Customizing the TouchPad To adjust TouchPad settings, use the Mouse Properties window, which you can open by clicking Control Panel > Printers and Other Hardware > Mouse. Select the desired settings and click Apply. Click OK to save the settings and close the window. 2.4 Personalizing Your Desktop Choosing Wallpaper Choosing a Screen Saver Choosing a Desktop Theme Creating a Shortcut on the Desktop 2.4.1 Choosing Wallpaper To make your notebook reflect your style, you can set background colors and patterns, the wallpaper, on the desktop. Control Panel > Appearance and Themes > Pick a task >

Change the desktop background. The Display Properties window offers a choice of wallpapers. Choose the name of the wallpaper you want to display, or click

(None) if you prefer not to use a wallpaper image. You can also choose your own images by choosing Browse, and specifying images in a directory. The Position pull-down menu lets you either Tile your selected image, Center (places one copy of the image in the center of the screen) or Stretch (enlarges it to fit the screen). To accept the settings, click OK and close the Display Properties window. 2.4.2 Choosing a Screen Saver Control Panel > Appearance and Themes > Pick a task >

Choose a screen saver. Select a screen saver from the Screen Saver pull-down menu, or click (None) if you prefer not to activate a screen saver. You can customize your screen saver by choosing Settings. To check your selections, choose Preview. To accept the settings, click OK and close the Display Properties window. 2.4.3 Choosing a Desktop Theme Desktop themes change the appearance of your desktop and add sound effects:

Control Panel > Appearance and Themes > Pick a task >

Change the computer's theme. Select a theme from the Theme pull-down menu in the Display Properties Window, and then click OK. 2.4.4 Creating a Shortcut on the Desktop A shortcut is an icon that is placed on the desktop let you quickly access programs, files, folders, and drivers. To create a shortcut:

Open My Computer or Windows Explorer, and highlight the file or program you want to create a shortcut to. Click and hold down the right TouchPad button, drag the highlighted item to the Windows desktop, and then release the right TouchPad button to display a pop-up menu. Click Create Shortcut(s) Here. An icon appears on your desktop - double-click to activate the shortcut. 2.5 Display Adjusting Brightness Using an External Monitor or Television Setting Display Resolution 2.5.1 Adjusting Brightness To conserve power when running your notebook from the battery, set the brightness to the lowest comfortable setting using the keyboard shortcuts. 2.5.2 Using an External Monitor or Television When you start your notebook with an external display device such as an external monitor or television attached and turned on, the image may appear on either the display or the external device. Alternatively, you can to switch the video image to the display only, the Press display and the external device simultaneously, or the external device only. 2.5.3 Setting Display Resolution To view a program at a specific resolution, both the video controller and display must support the program and the necessary video drivers must be installed. Before changing any of the original display settings, note the original settings for future reference. Start > Control Panel > Pick a category > Appearance and Themes. Under Pick a task..., click the area you want to change, or under or pick a Control Panel icon, click Display. You can try different settings for Color quality and Screen resolution. If you choose a resolution or color palette that is higher than the display supports, the settings will automatically adjust to the closest possible setting. 2.6 Networks To access a network:

At the office, you can access a network via the built-in PCI LAN. For specific information about connecting to the LAN or WAN, consult your systems administrator. If you are working from home or while traveling, you need a dial-up connection. Ask your system administrator for the telephone number of the network. To set up the connection, go to Start > Control Panel

> Network and Internet Connections (in Classic Interface, Network Connections). Enter the details for your connection and click OK. 2.7 Managing Programs Running Programs Adding Software Removing Software 2.7.1 Running Programs Programs are any software that process data - like a word processing program or an email program. They require an operating system - like Windows XP - to run on. To run a program, click Start > Programs. Click the program you want to run. On the right side of the title bar in the window of any open program, there are three icons:

minimizes the program. That is, it is removed from the screen, but is still running. It will appear as a button on your bottom taskbar. To restore the program, simply click the button. enlarges (maximizes) the window to fill your entire screen. When the window is maximized, the button switches to which will reduce the size of the window when clicked.

, closes the program or document. 2.7.2 Adding Software To check what software is already installed on your computer, click Start > All Programs. If a program is listed in the All Programs menu or the Start menu, the software is already installed. Before installing software, check the software's technical requirements to ensure that it is compatible with your notebook and that there is enough memory and hard drive space for installation and operation. Temporarily disable your notebook's antivirus software before installing software. See the documentation that came with the antivirus software for detailed procedure. Be sure to enable your antivirus software once you have installed any new software. Insert the software installation CD into the CD drive and follow the instructions that came with the software to help you respond to the prompts on the screen. If the software installation CD does not automatically run, click Start > Run. In the dialogue box, type x:\setup.exe (where x is the letter of your CD drive [usually D or E]). Then click OK and follow the prompts on your screen. 2.7.3 Removing Software Once you've begun removing software, do not interrupt the process. To do so may result in data loss and corruption of your operating system. Start > Control Panel > Add or Remove Programs > Change or Remove Programs. Select the program that you want to remove and click the Change/Remove button. Instructions for removing programs will appear on the screen. Some programs may not be listed and cannot be removed via this window. In this case, check the documentation that came with the specific program. 2.8 Managing Files Updating Antivirus Software Backing Up Files Finding Files Copying a File on the Hard Drive Copying a File to a Floppy Disk Moving Files Renaming Files Deleting Files Emptying the Recycle Bin Retrieving Files From the Recycle Bin 2.8.1 Updating Antivirus Software There are thousands of known viruses, and more appear all the time. Installing antivirus software is the only way to protect your data, software and hardware. Regular updates are necessary to ensure protection. Your computer dealer can advise you regarding purchasing antivirus software. Before installing any software from unlicensed sources, scan for viruses. Regularly backup your data to safeguard against loss if your notebook is infected. 2.8.2 Backing Up Files Regularly backing up your files will protect you from losing data from accidental file deletion, viruses or hard drive failure. Programs can be reinstalled, but unless you have backed up your work, you will lose your data files. The most convenient way to back up your files is to a CD-RW drive, although for smaller files, you can use a floppy disk. 2.8.3 Finding Files Right click on Start > Search. In the search window, type either All or part of the file name or A word or phrase in the file. Specify where you want the system to look by specifying a drive or folder in the Look in pull-down menu. Windows will search the entire hard drive (or drive C partition) if the default setting of C: is unchanged. Click Search to begin searching. Files found that match your search criteria are listed in the Search Results window. 2.8.4 Copying a File on the Hard Drive From the Desktop, select My Computer. Locate the file you want to copy, and click the file to select

(highlight) it. Under File and Folder Tasks > Copy this file. In the Copy Items window, select the location where you want to copy the file. Click Copy. 2.8.5 Copying a File to a Floppy Disk Insert a floppy disk into the floppy drive. From the Desktop, select My Computer. Locate the file you want to copy, and click the file to select

(highlight) it. Under File and Folder Tasks > Copy this file > Copy Items

> 3 Floppy (A:). Click Copy. 2.8.6 Moving Files Never move files that are part of an installed program. Doing so may make the program unusable. From the Desktop, select My Computer. Locate the file you want to move, and click the file to select

(highlight) it. Click Move this file. In the Move Items window, click the location where you want to move the file. Click Move. 2.8.7 Renaming Files Use Windows Explorer or My Computer to locate the file you want to rename, and click the file to select (highlight) it. Click the File menu and click Rename. Never change a file's extension (the last three characters after the period). Doing so may render the file unusable. Type the new filename and press Enter. 2.8.8 Deleting Files Never delete files that are part of an installed program. Doing so may render the file unusable. Use Windows Explorer or My Computer to locate the file you want to delete, and click the file to select (highlight) it. Click the File menu and click Delete. Click Yes to send the file to the Recycle Bin. If you accidentally delete a file, see Retrieving Files From the Recycle Bin. 2.8.9 Emptying the Recycle Bin Files remain in the Recycle Bin and take up space on the hard drive until you empty them from the Recycle Bin. Files deleted from a floppy disk or from a network are permanently erased. You cannot recover them from the Recycle Bin. Double-click the Recycle Bin icon. The Recycle Bin window appears and lists all deleted files, their previous locations, and the date you deleted them. Click the File menu, and click Empty Recycle Bin. When the confirmation dialog box appears, click Yes to delete all file(s). All files disappear from the Recycle Bin and are removed from your notebook. 2.8.10 Retrieving Files From the Recycle Bin Deleted files are moved to the Recycle Bin and remain there until you empty the Recycle Bin. If you delete a file in error, you can retrieve it from the Recycle Bin:

Double-click the Recycle Bin icon . The Recycle Bin window will appear, listing all deleted files, their previous locations, and the dates you deleted them. Select the file you want to retrieve, click the File menu, and then click Restore. The file disappears from the Recycle Bin and is moved to its original location. 2.9 Playing CDs and Movies Inserting Discs Adjusting Volume Adjusting Picture 2.9.1 Inserting Discs Be careful not to press down on the drive tray when opening or closing it. When the drive is not in use, keep the tray closed. Do not move the computer when playing CDs or DVDs. Press the eject button on the front of the drive. Pull the tray out. With the label side up, place the disc in the center of the tray. Snap the disc onto the spindle. Gently push the tray back into the drive. If your notebook has a CD-RW/DVD or DVD, you can watch movies. For more information on playing CDs or watching movies, click Help on the CD player software or DVD player software. 2.9.2 Adjusting Volume If you do not hear anything when playing a CD or DVD, check that the speakers are not muted. Start > All Programs > Accessories > Entertainment >

Volume Control. In the Volume Control window, click and drag the bar in the Volume Control column and slide it up or down to increase or decrease the volume. 2.9.3 Adjusting the Picture If you receive an error message that the current resolution and color depth are using too much memory and preventing DVD playback, adjust the display properties:

Start > Control Panel > Pick a category > Appearance and Themes > Pick a task... > Change the screen resolution. In the Display Properties window, click and drag the bar in Screen resolution to change the setting to 1024 x 768 pixels. Click the pull-down menu under Color quality > Medium (16 bit) > OK.

3 Caring For Your Notebook 3.1 Caring For Your Notebook Cleaning Your Notebook and Keyboard Cleaning the Display Cleaning the TouchPad Cleaning the Diskette Drive Cleaning the CD/DVD Drive Precautions Never spray cleaning products directly onto your notebook's case or display. Only use products designed for cleaning computer displays. 3.1.1 Cleaning Your Notebook and Keyboard Shut your notebook down, turn it off and disconnect it from the electrical outlet and any external devices, such as a printer. 1. Remove batteries. 2. Using the brush attachment of your vacuum cleaner, gently remove dust from your notebook's openings and keyboard. 3. Using a slightly moistened soft, lint-free cloth, wipe your notebook and keyboard. Use only water or a recommended computer cleaner. 3.1.2 Cleaning the Display 1. Shut your notebook down, turn it off and disconnect it from the electrical outlet and any external devices, such as a printer. 2. Remove batteries. 3. Using a slightly moistened soft, lint-free cloth, wipe your notebook's display. Use only water or a recommended computer cleaner. 3.1.3 Cleaning the TouchPad 1. Shut your notebook down, turn it off and disconnect from the electrical outlet and any external devices, such as a printer. 2. Remove batteries. 3. Using a slightly moistened soft, lint-free cloth, carefully wipe the TouchPad, being careful not to allow any moisture into the gaps. Use only water or a recommended computer cleaner. 3.1.4 Cleaning the CD/DVD Drive Never touch the lens. Use only compressed air to clean the lens. If you experience problems playing CDs or DVDs, including skipping, clean the unlabelled side of the disc with a soft, lint-free cloth or using a commercial product. 3.1.5 Precautions

! Don't spill liquids on the keyboard. If liquid is spilt on the keyboard, turn your notebook off immediately. Leave off overnight to let it completely dry out before using it again.

! Don't turn off your notebook if a drive light indicates a drive is active. Turning off your notebook while it is reading from or writing to a disk may damage the disk, the drive, or both.

! Keep your notebook and disks away from objects that generate strong magnetic fields, such as stereo speakers. Information on disks is stored magnetically. Placing a magnet too close to a disk can erase important files.

! Scan all new files for viruses. This precaution is especially important for files you receive via email, disk or download from the Internet. You will need a special program to scan for viruses. For further information, talk to your computer dealer. 3.2 Traveling Identifying Your Notebook Packing Your Notebook Setting a Password Travel Tips If Your Notebook Is Lost or Stolen 3.2.1 Identifying Your Notebook Attach a nametag or business card to your notebook, or use a permanent marker or stencil to write a unique identifying mark

(such as your driver's license number) on the case. Write down your service tag sequence and store it in a safe place away from the notebook or carrying case. Use the service tag sequence if you need to report a loss or theft to law enforcement officials. Create a file on the Desktop called if found. Place information such as your name, address, and telephone number in this file. Contact your credit card company, and ask if it offers coded identification tags. 3.2.2 Packing Your Notebook Remove any external devices attached to the computer and store them in a safe place. Remove any cables attached to installed PC Cards, and remove any extended PC Cards. Fully charge the main battery and any spare batteries you plan to carry with you. Turn off the computer or put the computer into hibernate mode. Disconnect the AC adapter. Remove any extraneous items, such as paper clips, pens, and paper, from the keyboard and then close the display. Pack your notebook and accessories in their carrycase. Avoid packing the computer with items such as shaving cream, colognes, perfumes, or food. Protect the computer, the batteries, and the hard drive from hazards such as extreme temperatures and dirt, dust, liquids, or overexposure to sunlight. Pack the computer so that it does not slide around in the trunk of your car or in an overhead storage compartment. When traveling by air, never check your notebook as baggage. 3.2.3 Setting a Password To provide extra protection for your data and documents, it is advisable to set a password. As your notebook is booting (starting up), press F2 to take you to the BIOS Setup Utility. Use the right arrow key to highlight Security. Use the down arrow key to select: Set Supervisor Password

[Enter]. Press Enter. Type your password, press Enter and re-type to confirm. Press Enter. Your changes will be saved. Press Enter to continue. To enable password protection, use the down key to select Password Required to Boot. Press Enter. To turn on password protection, use the down key to select Enabled; to turn password protection off, select Disabled. Press Enter. Use the right arrow key to select Exit. Your notebook will now boot as normal. 3.2.4 Travel Tips

! If you are traveling internationally, carry proof of ownershipor of your right to use the computer if it is company-ownedto speed your passage through customs. Investigate the customs regulations of the countries you plan to visit and consider acquiring an international carnet (also known as a merchandise passport) from your government.

! Ensure that you know which electrical outlets are used in the countries you will visit, and have appropriate power adapters.

! Check with your credit card company for information about the kinds of emergency travel assistance it offers to users of portable computers.

! When traveling by air, ensure that you have a charged battery available in case you are asked to turn on the computer.

! Before you use the computer on an airplane, verify that such usage is permitted. Some airlines forbid the use of electronic devices during the flight. All airlines forbid the use of electronic devices during takeoff and landing. Never walk your notebook through a metal detector. Send it through an X-ray machine, or have it manually inspected. 3.2.5 If Your Notebook Is Lost or Stolen Call a law enforcement agency to report your notebook lost or stolen. Include the service tag sequence in your description of the notebook. Ask that a case number be assigned and write down the number, along with the name, address, and telephone number of the law enforcement agency. If possible, obtain the name of the investigating officer. If the notebook belongs to a company, notify the security office of the firm. 4 Peripherals 4.1 PC Cards PC Card Types Extended PC Cards Installing a PC Card Removing a PC Card 4.1.1 PC Card Types The PC Card slot supports one Type II card. It also supports CardBus technology and extended PC Cards. "Type" refers to the card's thickness, not what it does. A PC Card is not a bootable device. 4.1.2 Extended PC Cards An extended PC Card is longer than a standard PC Card. When using extended PC Cards, follow these precautions:

! Protect the exposed end of an installed card. If the end of the card is struck, the system board may be damaged.

! Always remove an extended PC Card before packing your notebook in its carry case. 4.1.3 Installing PC Cards PC Cards may be 'hot-swapped', which means you can install a card while your notebook is running. The card will be detected automatically. Usually PC Cards have a mark or symbol to show which end to insert into the slot. Cards are keyed to prevent incorrect insertion. Check the documents that came with your card if the orientation is unclear. 1. Hold the card with its orientation symbol pointing into the slot and the topside of the card facing up. The push-button latch may need to be in before inserting the card. 2. Slide the card into the slot until it clicks into the connector. 3. If you encounter too much resistance, do not force the card. Check the card orientation and try again. Your notebook will recognize most PC Cards and automatically load the appropriate device driver. If the configuration program tells you to load the manufacturer's drivers, use the floppy disk or CD that came with the PC Card. 4.1.4 Removing PC Cards Before removing a PC Card, stop it running from the configuration utility on the taskbar. Failure to do so could result in data loss. Never try to remove a PC Card by pulling on its cable, if one is attached. 1. Press the release latch. 2. Press the latch again to eject the card. 3. Remove the card. 4.2 Adding and Removing SD Cards Before removing a SD Card, stop it running from the configuration utility on the taskbar. Failure to do so could result in data loss. Insert the SD card into the SD Card slot. This is the tiny slot below the PC Card the two slots are built into the same space together. To remove the SD Card, press it in gently. It pops out automatically. 4.3 Printers Check the printer documentation to check your printer has a parallel interface. If your printer did not come with a suitable printer cable, you can purchase one from a computer or electronics store. These instructions are for a parallel printer, the most common type of interface. 1. Turn off your notebook. 2. Connect the printer cable to the printer and to your notebook's parallel port. 3. Plug the printer's power cable into an electrical outlet. For further steps, refer to the documentation that came with your printer. If you started your computer with a printer connected and turned on, it may have been detected automatically (Plug and Play). If not, then you may have to install the printer driver for your printer, either using the instructions provided with your printer, or in Windows XP via Start > Control Panel > Pick a Category >

Printers or Other Hardware > Pick a task > Add a Printer

> Add Printer Wizard or in the Control Panel Classic Interface, Printers and Faxes > Add a Printer > Add Printer Wizard. The Add Printer Wizard interface will take you through the steps to connect your notebook and printer. 4.4 Memory Modules You can add more memory modules to your computer in order to give it improved performance. To install a memory module:

1. Remove the two screws securing the Memory Module Cover. 2. Lift off the Memory Module Cover. 3. There are two memory module ports here. The first one is already occupied by your computers current memory module. Place the new memory module in the second slot, matching up the notch along its connector rim with the tooth in the connection slot. 4. When the module has been securely seated, press down gently on it until it snaps into place. Depending on how much additional memory you require, you may need to replace the original memory module. To remove a memory module:

1. Follow the first two steps in the previous procedure. 2. Pop out the two silver latches holding the memory module into place. The module pops up. 3. Grasp the outer edges of the memory module with thumb and forefinger, and then gently remove it. 4. Install your new memory module according steps 3 & 4 in the previous procedure. 5 The Power System 5.1 Power Management Managing Your Notebook's Power Power Management Modes Power Options Properties SpeedStep 5.1.1 Managing Your Notebook's Power See Battery for more information on getting the best performance from battery packs. Use your notebook connected to an electrical outlet as often as possible, as battery life expectancy is affected by the number of times it is charged. Your computer comes equipped with built-in power management. You can configure it, through the Power Options program in the Control Panel, to sleep, hibernate, and wake according to specific pre-defined situations. When leaving your notebook unattended for long periods, place it in standby or hibernate mode. You can exit either power management mode by pressing the power button. 5.1.2 Power Management Modes 5.1.2.1 Standby Mode This mode conserves power by switching off the hard drive and display after a preset period of inactivity (a time-out). When standby mode is exited, your notebook will return to the same operating state it was in before entering standby. If your notebook loses power from both the electrical outlet and the battery while in standby mode, data may be lost. To enter standby mode in Windows XP:

Start > Turn off computer > Stand By. or You can set your notebook to go to Standby Mode:

When you close the lid of your notebook When you press the power button via the Advanced tab settings in Power Options Properties

(accessed via Start > Control Panel > Pick a category >

Performance and Maintenance > Power Options). To exit standby mode, press the power button. You can exit standby mode by pressing a key or touching the TouchPad. For more information on standby mode, see Turning Your Notebook On and Off, Chapter 2. 5.1.2.2 Hibernate Mode In Hibernate mode, power is conserved by system data being copied to the hard drive, and your notebook completely turning off. When Hibernate mode is exited, your notebook will return to the same operating state it was in before entering hibernate mode. Hibernate Mode can be enabled/disabled in the Power Options Properties window. If enabled, your notebook will go into hibernate mode if the battery charge level becomes critically low. Depending on how you set the Power Management Options on the Advanced tab in the Power Options Properties window, use one of the following methods to enter hibernate mode:

When you close the lid of your notebook When you press the power button Start > Turn Off Computer > Hibernate (if the Hibernate option does not show, press Shift, and the Standby option will switch to Hibernate). If the Hibernate option is not available for these methods, Hibernate mode has not been enabled. Check the Enable Hibernation box on the Hibernate tab of the Power Options Properties window and click Apply to enable Hibernation. If your PC Cards do not operate correctly after exiting Hibernate mode, remove and reinsert the card or restart your notebook. To exit Hibernate mode, press the power button. You cannot exit Hibernate mode by pressing a key or touching the TouchPad. For more information on Hibernate mode, see Turning Your Notebook On and Off, Chapter 2. 5.1.3 Power Options Properties To access the Windows Power Options Properties window:

Start > Control Panel > Pick a category > Performance and Maintenance > Power Options 5.1.3.1 Power Schemes Tab The Power Schemes pull-down menu in the Power Options Properties displays the selected preset power scheme. To maximize battery power, use the Portable/Laptop power scheme. In Windows XP the processor's performance level depends on the power scheme you select. You do not need to make any further adjustments to set the performance level. Each preset power scheme has different time-out settings for entering standby mode, hibernate mode, turning off the display, and turning off the hard drive. For more information on power management options, see the Help and Support Center. 5.1.3.2 Alarms Tab Enable audible alarms by clicking each Alarm Action button and selecting Sound alarm. The Low battery alarm and Critical battery alarm settings alert you when the battery charge falls below a certain percentage. When you receive your notebook, the Low battery alarm and Critical battery alarm check boxes are selected. See Battery for more information on low-battery warnings. 5.1.3.3 Power Meter Tab Displays the current power source, battery status and charge amount. 5.1.3.4 Advanced Tab With the Advanced tab you can:

Set power icon and standby mode password options. Depending on your operating system, program the following functions by clicking an option from the corresponding pull-down menu, and then clicking OK.

>Set the computer to Stand by/Hibernate/Do nothing when you close the laptop lid

>Set the computer to Ask me what to do/Stand by/Hibernate/Shut down/Do nothing when you press the power button. 5.1.3.5 Hibernate Tab The Hibernate tab lets you enable hibernate mode by clicking the Enable hibernation check box. 5.1.3.6 The Bridge Battery In the event that you are working on battery power and your battery dies, the built-in bridge battery gives you 3 minutes time to either plug into an AC power supply or switch to a new battery. First, you must enter the sleep mode (this model computer does NOT support hot-swapping the battery while the computer is up and running normally; hot swapping a battery could result in an immediate shut down and the loss of data.) Next, slide the battery pack out, then insert a fresh battery. The bridge battery ensures that you do not lose any data while your computer is in sleep mode during this time without a battery. The battery used in this computer may present the risk of harm or damage to you or your computer if mishandled. Do not disassemble, incinerate, or otherwise short out the external contact points. Dispose of a used battery properly. Do not put the battery in extreme heat, such as a fire. If you must replace the bridge battery, please contact your sales representative. 5.1.4 SpeedStep Your notebook is equipped SpeedStep technology to better manage power consumption. It changes the processor speed to find the best balance between your computing performance and power consumption needs. Higher speeds enjoy better performance, while slower speeds conserve more power. In Windows XP, the processor's performance level depends on the Power Scheme you select (see Power Options Properties). You do not need to make any further adjustments to set the performance level. Each preset power scheme has different time-out settings for entering standby mode, hibernate mode, turning off the display, and turning off the hard drive. For example, the Portable/Laptop mode automatically changes SpeedStep modes depending on if you are running the computer on AC power or batteries in order to prolong battery usage while still providing optimal performance. You can also individually alter and save each of these settings and schemes if desired. Windows XP automatically chooses the SpeedStep mode to find the most appropriate speed for your processor according to the Power Scheme you choose and your current system demands. 5.2 Battery Battery Performance Checking the Battery Charge Charging the Battery Removing a Battery Installing a Battery Storing a Battery Working With Extra Battery Packs Maximizing Battery Life 5.2.1 Battery Performance Using a battery lets you work with your notebook without connecting it to an electrical outlet. Your notebook comes with one 8-cell Li-Ion battery pack installed, which will give you approximately 4 hours of operating time. The performance of the battery can vary, depending on operating conditions. Your battery may last less time if you are running power-intensive programs, playing CDs or DVDs, using PC Cards or have high display-brightness settings. The Power Management Options can be set to alert you when the battery charge is low. Ensure any battery you use is compatible. Failure to do so may risk fire or explosion. For more details on purchasing compatible batteries, talk to your notebook retailer. Batteries should never be disposed of with household waste. Contact your local waste disposal or environmental agency for advice on disposing of used lithium-ion batteries. Only use the BATCL50L battery pack with this computer. 5.2.2 Checking the Battery Charge behavior Battery Status Indicator Charging blinks blue solid blue Fully Charged off Discharging Battery Use solid amber blinks amber > approximately 3 minutes left;

Critical Low system beeps 5.2.3 Power Meter indicates the remaining battery charge. The power meter When your notebook is running on battery power, you can check the remaining battery charge, double click the taskbar. For more details, including how to make the icon appear on the taskbar if it is not already, see Power Management. icon on the 5.2.4 Low-Battery Warning After a low-battery warning, save your work immediately, then connect your notebook to an electrical outlet. Hibernate mode will begin automatically if the battery runs completely out of power. You will hear the low-battery warning when the battery charge is approximately 90 percent depleted. Your notebook will beep once, indicating approximately 10 to 15 minutes of battery operating time remain. If you do not connect your notebook to alternative power source during that time, there will be a periodic beep. Your notebook will automatically enter hibernate mode if the battery charge reaches a critically low level. For more information, see Power Management. 5.2.5 Charging the Battery When connected to an electrical outlet, a completely discharged battery will charge in 3 to 5 hours (depending on whether your notebook is on or off and what programs, if any, are running). You can leave the battery in your notebook as long as you like. The batterys internal circuitry prevents the battery from overcharging. Before using the battery for the first time it must be charged. Connect the computer to an electrical outlet and allow the battery to fully charge, indicated by the battery indicator light on the front panel of the notebook. Once a battery pack is fully charged for the first time, use your notebook on battery power until the battery discharges completely. This will extend battery life, and helps ensure accurate monitoring of battery capacity. If necessary, the battery will be charged whenever your notebook is connected to an electrical outlet. The battery will not be charged if it or your notebook is too hot, either from use or being in a hot environment. If this occurs the will light red. Disconnect your notebook from battery indicator any electrical outlet, and allow it and the battery to cool to room temperature. You can then reconnect your notebook to the electrical outlet and charge the battery. The battery indicator will also light red if the battery is bad and needs replacing. 5.2.6 Removing the Battery Before removing the battery, ensure your notebook is turned off. 1. Slide and hold the battery release latch 2. Remove the battery 5.2.7 Installing a Battery 1. Slide the battery into the bay 2. Press it into place gently but firmly until the latch locks it into place 5.2.8 Storing a Battery If storing your notebook for an extended period of time, remove the battery. Fully charge the battery before using your notebook again. 5.2.9 Working With Extra Battery Packs If you spend a lot of time traveling, working without connecting your notebook to an electrical outlet, it may be a good idea to carry additional battery packs so you can quickly replace a discharged battery and continue working. 5.2.10 Maximizing Battery Life A battery can be recharged many times, but over time it will lose its ability to hold a charge. To maximize battery life:

If you will not be using your notebook for a long period, remove the battery. If you have a spare battery pack, alternate the batteries. Ensure your notebook is off when replacing the battery. Store spare battery packs in a cool, dry place, out of direct sunlight. 6 Troubleshooting 6.1 Troubleshooting 6.1.1 Your Notebook Does Not Respond If your notebook 'locks' and does not respond to your pressing keys or touching the TouchPad, hold the power button until the notebook turns off (this may take at least four seconds). Press the power button again to restart your notebook. 6.1.2 A Program Stops Responding Press and hold the Ctrl, Shift, Esc keys or Ctrl, Alt, Delete keys. When the Windows Task Manager dialog box appears, select the program that is not responding. Click the End Task button. If you need to restart your notebook, you can do so from the Windows Task Manager window. First close all programs to ensure you do not lose unsaved work, then click Shut Down to reveal a drop-down menu. 6.2 Finding Additional Help Updates Microsoft Windows Help Microsoft Windows Guide Devices and Programs Using the Drivers CD CD-ROM, DVD, CD-RW or CD-RW/DVD HELP 6.2.1 Updates Documentation updates may be included with your notebook. These describe changes to your notebook or software. Always read these updates before consulting any other documentation, as they contain the most up-to-date information. Readme files, which may be installed on your hard drive or found on CDs, provide last-minute updates about technical changes to your notebook, or advanced technical material intended for experienced users or technicians. 6.2.2 Microsoft Windows Help Click Start > Help and Support or, if that option is not available, right click Start > Search > Information in Help and Support. 6.2.3 Microsoft Windows Guide For more information on using the Windows operating system, see the Microsoft Windows documentation that came with your computer. 6.2.4 Devices and Programs For help on using your computer's devices (such as a modem) and options you purchase separately from your notebook, refer to the accompanying documentation. 6.2.5 CD/DVD HELP Depending on the Optical Media Drive installed on your computer, you will be supplied with accompanying software (for example, Easy CD Creator, for writing CDs; WinDVD for playing movies). Refer to the separate documentation appropriate to your configuration.

7 The BIOS Setup Program 7.1 Introduction The BIOS (Basic Input and Output System) Setup program is a menu driven utility that enables you to make changes to the system configuration and tailor the operation of your Notebook to your individual work needs. A ROM-based configuration utility displays the systems configuration status and provides you with a tool to set system parameters. These parameters are stored in nonvolatile battery backed-up CMOS RAM, which saves this information even when the power is turned off. When the computer is turned back on, the system is configured with the values found in CMOS. Using easy-to-use menus, you can configure such items as:

! Hard drives, diskette drives and peripherals

! Video display options

! Password protection from unauthorized use

! Boot devices The settings made in the Setup program intimately affect how the Notebook performs. It is important, therefore, first to try to understand all the available options, and second, to make settings appropriate for the way you use the Notebook. This chapter will guide you through the Setup program by providing clear explanations for all Setup options. A standard configuration has already been set in the Setup program by the factory technicians, so you will very likely have little to worry about for now. However, eventually you may want to customize your system to suit your own performance needs. It is recommended that you read this chapter and become familiar with the adjustments that can be made in the BIOS. The next section explains how to move around in the Setup program, as well as how to specify and save your new settings. A brief discussion of the optional settings among the different submenus follows. 7.2 Navigating through the BIOS Setup Program The Setup program has been designed to make it as easy to use as possible. It is a menu driven program, which means you can scroll through the various directories and make your selections among the various predetermined choices. If you accidentally make a setting and do not know which one to switch back to, use the BIOS hot keys to return to the previous value. The hot keys are discussed in more detail later in this chapter. When turning on the Notebook for the first time you may get a message prompting you to run the BIOS Setup program. A warning message may appear on the screen if the hardware configuration is changed or the POST fails. This message will inform you of any errors or invalid settings and prompt you to run the Setup program to correct the problem. Even if you are not prompted by a message instructing you to use the Setup program, at some time in the future you may want to change the configuration of your computer. For example, you may want to make changes to the display option settings or enable the Notebooks password function for security purposes. It will then be necessary to reconfigure your system using the Setup program so that the computer can recognize these changes. The list below gives a few examples of reasons why you may want or need to run the BIOS Setup program.

! You have set up the computer for the first time and you got a message stating that you should run the BIOS Setup program.

! You want to redefine the communication ports to prevent any conflicts.

! You want to change the password or make other changes to the security setup. The few examples listed above are by no means a complete list. 7.2.1 Accessing the BIOS Setup program To access the BIOS Setup program, press the F2 key as soon as the computer starts up and you see the INSYDE BIOS screen. The Menu Bar The top of the Setup screen has a menu bar with the following selections:

Main Use this menu to make changes to the basic system configuration. Use this menu to enable and make changes to the advanced features available on your system. Use this menu to set User and Supervisor passwords. Use this menu to specify the order in which the Notebook is to check for a device to boot the system. Use this menu to specify how to exit the Setup program. To move between menu bar items, use the [] and [] arrow keys until the desired item is highlighted. For example, if you want to move from the Main menu to the Advanced menu, press the right arrow key [] once. Advanced Security Boot Exit Item Specific Help At the bottom of the Setup screen, you will notice an item specific help bar. For each item that you select on the menu, the bar informs of its specific function as well as the hot keys related specifically to that item and/or submenu. 7.2.2 Launching submenus A submenu contains additional options for a field parameter. To call up a submenu, simply move the highlight to the desired field and press the [Enter] key. The submenu opens. If you are a first time user or are not familiar with BIOS Setup programs, it is highly recommended that you take a few minutes to familiarize yourself with each of the submenus and their corresponding functions. If you accidentally make unwanted changes to the current configuration, go to the Exit menu and select Discard Changes. 7.2.3 Saving Changes and Exiting the Setup Program Refer to the Exit Menu section of this chapter for detailed information on saving changes and exiting the Setup program. 7.3 The Main Menu When the Setup program is accessed, the Information screen appears. Use the down key to select the Main Menu. Enter the Main Menu of the BIOS setup program to make changes to the Notebooks basic system configuration. Each of the fields displayed in this menu is covered below in detail. Date and Time Sets your system to the time that you specify (usually the current time). The format is hour, minute, and second, using the 24-hour clock. Insert the appropriate information. Use the mouse to move between the hour, minute, and second fields. Splash Boot Logo Selecting this option displays the INSYDE BIOS splash logo when you start your computer. If you do not select it, the startup system check sequence is displayed. Use the [SPACE] bar to select the Splash Boot Logo option or not. Language Sets the BIOS Setup programs language. Choose either English or Japanese. Version Info Displays the BIOS Setup programs version information. 7.4 The System Devices Menu Selecting System Devices from the menu bar displays the System Devices Menu. This menu allows you to configure the Notebooks ports options. Each field on this menu is covered below. FIR Ports This field allows you to configure the Notebooks FIR Port. The following options are available:

FIR I/O address Lets you Disable the FIR Port or assign an I/O port to the device. The following I/O options are available:

! Disabled

! Com1, 3F8, IRQ 4

! Com2, 3F8, IRQ 4

! Com3, 3E8, IRQ 4

! Com4, 2E8, IRQ 3 Mode Settings for IRDA Allows you to configure the Notebooks FIR Port transmission mode. The following options are available:

! Normal (16650)

! IrDA (HPSIR)

! ASK IR

! FAST IR The default value for this field is Fast IR. DMA Setting for Fast IR This field is only available when the FIR Port Mode Setting for IRDA is set to FAST IR. The following options are available:

! DMA 1

! DMA 2

! DMA 3 The default value for this field is: DMA 3 LPT Port This field allows you to configure the Notebooks LPT Port. The following options are available:

! None

! LPT1, 378, IRQ 7

! LPT2, 278, IRQ 5

! LPT3, 3BC, IRQ 7 The default value for this field is: LPT1, 378, IRQ 7 Changing the default address and IRQ settings for the Serial and LPT Port can cause conflicts with other installed peripherals Port Definition This field allows you to configure the Notebooks LPT Port transmission mode. The following options are available:

! Standard

! Bidirectional

! Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP)

! Extended Capabilities (ECP) EPP and ECP are bidirectional modes, allowing both data input and output. The EPP and ECP modes are only supported with EPP- and ECP-aware peripherals. DMA Setting for ECP Mode This field is only available when the Port Definition is set to ECP. The following options are available:

! DMA 1

! DMA 3 The default value for this field is: DMA 1 Legacy USB Enables or disables legacy USB device support. Use the [SPACE] bar to select the Legacy USB option or not. 7.5 The Security Menu The Notebooks advanced system of security allows you to set a password to prevent unauthorized access to system resources, data, and the BIOS Setup program. This section covers each parameter of the Security Menu. Selecting Security from the menu bar displays the following menu:

Each field of the Security Menu is covered in detail below. A Note about Passwords The BIOS Setup program allows you to specify passwords in the Security menu. The passwords control access to the BIOS and certain Security menu options during system startup. The passwords are not case sensitive. In other words, a password can be entered using either upper or lower case letters; it makes no difference. Passwords should be composed of characters A-Z, 0-9 and ten characters in length. The administrator password must be set before the user password can be set. Set User Password / Set Supervisor Password These fields allow you to set the System Password. The System Password allows full access to the BIOS Setup menus. To set the Supervisor password, highlight this field and press [Enter]. Type the password and press the [Enter] key. You can type up to ten alphanumeric characters. Symbols are ignored. To confirm the password, type the password again and press the

[Enter] key. The supervisor or user password is now set, and now you can choose when to verify the password either when you the boot the system, or when a person enters Setup. To change or clear a password, enter the submenu again. You will need to enter the Supervisor password, after which you can create a new one or set the password verification options. 7.6 The Boot Menu The Boot Menu allows the user to specify the order in which the Notebook is to check for a device to boot the system. To make changes, select Boot from the menu bar. The following screen appears:

Boot Device The Boot Menu allows you to alter the priority the system uses to search for the boot device on system power up according to numerical order. Use your mouse to select the First, Second, and Third boot devices from this submenu. 7.7 The Exit Menu Once you have made all of your selections from the various menus in the Setup program, you should save your changes and exit Setup. Select Exit from the menu bar to display the following menu:

Pressing the [Esc] key can be used to close an open menu or submenu. Pressing it again saves the current parameters and reboots the computer. Each of the options on this menu is described below. Exit Saving Changes Once you are finished making your selections, choose this option from the Exit Menu to ensure the values you selected are saved to Non-Volatile RAM. Changes you made to the Setup program must be changed to Non-Volatile RAM in order to make them operative. Non-Volatile RAM differs from standard RAM memory in that it is sustained by an on-board battery and stays on even when the Notebook is turned off. Once your selections have been saved, the Setup program asks you to confirm your choice, and then reboot the computer. System will reboot if OK is selected and will stay in Setup if Cancel is selected. The next time you boot up the Notebook, the BIOS will attempt to load the values you saved in Non-Volatile memory. If these values cause the system boot to fail, reboot and press [F2] to enter the Setup program. Once in Setup, you can try to change the values that caused the system boot to fail. If the problem persists, load the default values (see Get Default Values below). If you attempt to exit the Setup program without saving your changes, the program will prompt you with a message asking if you want to save your changes before exiting. Exit Discarding Changes This option can be used if you do not want to save the changes you have made to the Setup program. The default is set to No. If you have made changes to the fields other than system date, system time and password, the system will ask for confirmation when choosing Exit Discarding Changes. The system reboots using the original Setup values. Load Setup Default This option allows you to load the default values for each of the parameters on the Setup Menus. When this option is selected, a confirmation message appears. The system will remain in Setup after either selection. You can now select Exit Saving Changes or make other changes before saving the values to Non-Volatile RAM. Discard Changes Restores the Setup programs values to the ones it had when you entered the program during the boot sequence.

CPU Intel Mobile Banias 1.3GMHz, 1.4GMHz, 1.5MHz, A Specifications 1.6GMHz 1 MB L2 Cache on CPU Intel Odem system controller System Memory modules. Hard Disk Drive (HDD) One 2.5in. (9.5 mm) up to 60GB Optical Disc Drive (ODD) Upgradable to 1024MB with two 512MB SO-DIMM 5.25 in. CD-ROM device, or 5.25 in. DVD-RW device, or 5.25 in. DVD-ROM & CD-RW combo device, or 5.25 in. DVD-ROM device Color TFT 15 in. LCD panel supporting 1400 X 1050 SXGA+ Resolution, or Color TFT 15 in. LCD panel supporting 1024 X 768 XGA Color TFT 14.1 in LCD panel supporting 1024 X 768 XGA Display Resolution, or Resolution Keyboard 85 US (standard)Key with 101/102 key emulation 1 Windows Keys, 1 Application Key Standard pitch, 2.5 mm travel length Palm-rest External Interfaces One 25-pin Parallel port with EPP/ECP capability One 15-pin CRT port with DDC 2B support One 7-pin TV-out port One MIC-in port One headphone-out port One 2-pin AC Adapter jack One type II PCMCIA Card Bus slot Three 4-pin USB ports One RJ11/RJ45 port FIR transmitter-receiver Secure Digital disc slot External Controls Power switch Lid switch Wireless Communication switch 2 User-Defined buttons AC Adapter 47-63Hz, or 47-63Hz Universal AC adapter module. Lite-on 60W 90-264V AC, Universal AC adapter module. ASTEC 60W 90-264V AC, Power Management Functions Standby mode, Suspend to RAM, or Suspend to Disk mode, by time out or by hot key HDD Local Stand-By mode by time out LCD Local Stand-By mode by time out Low battery alarm by beep Auto-backlight off when LCD cover closed Full ACPI 1.0B supported LCD Auto-DIM mode by time out

802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual 2003 All rights reserved. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of the seller. Disclaimer Information in this document is subject to change without notice. The material contained herein is supplied without representation or warranty of any kind. The seller therefore assumes no responsibility and shall have no liability of any kind arising from the supply or use of this document or the material contained herein. Trademarks Microsoft and Windows are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation. GUI and Ethernet is a registered trademark of Xeros Corporation. Atheros and the Atheros logo are registered trademarks of Atheros Communications, Inc. Cisco, Cisco Systems, and the Cisco Systems logo are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners. Date: April 2003 Part No. A230XPRev01 Contents Chapter 1 Introduction................................................................................................................................................ 1 Wireless LAN Basics................................................................................................................................................... 2 Local Area Network (LAN)....................................................................................................................................... 2 Wireless Network Topologies.................................................................................................................................. 3 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g ............................................................................................................................... 4 Chapter 2 Installing the Driver and Utility Software ................................................................................................ 5 System Requirements................................................................................................................................................. 6 Installing the driver and software ................................................................................................................................ 6 Chapter 3 Utility Configuration ................................................................................................................................ 11 Accessing the Atheros Configuration Utility .............................................................................................................. 11 Note to Windows XP Users ................................................................................................................................... 11 Network Basic Configuration..................................................................................................................................... 12 General Tab........................................................................................................................................................... 12 Security Tab .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 Advanced Tab ....................................................................................................................................................... 15 Connecting to an Existing Network ........................................................................................................................... 17 Modifying a Configuration Profile .............................................................................................................................. 19 Removing a Configuration Profile ............................................................................................................................. 19 Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics................................................................................................................. 21 Status Monitor Tray Icon ........................................................................................................................................... 21 Current Status Tab.................................................................................................................................................... 22 Advanced Status ................................................................................................................................................... 24 Diagnostics Tab ........................................................................................................................................................ 24 Advanced Statistics ............................................................................................................................................... 25 Driver Information .................................................................................................................................................. 26 Chapter 5 ACU Toolbar............................................................................................................................................. 29 Action Menu .............................................................................................................................................................. 29 Options Menu............................................................................................................................................................ 29 Help Menu................................................................................................................................................................. 30 I 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Chapter 6 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card ...................................................................................................... 31 Chapter 7 Troubleshooting ...................................................................................................................................... 33 Appendix A Setting Up TCP/IP ................................................................................................................................ 37 For Windows 2000/XP .............................................................................................................................................. 37 II List of Figures Figure 1-1 Ad Hoc Network.....................................................................................................................................3 Figure 1-2 Infrastructure Network ...........................................................................................................................3 Figure 1-3 Roaming Across Multiple Access Points ...............................................................................................4 Figure 3-1 General tab under the Profile Management ........................................................................................13 Figure 3-2 Define Pre-Shared Keys screen..........................................................................................................14 Figure 3-3 Define User Information screen...........................................................................................................14 Figure 3-4 Security tab under the Profile Management........................................................................................15 Figure 3-5 Advanced tab under the Profile Management.....................................................................................16 Figure 3-6 Available Networks ..............................................................................................................................17 Figure 3-7 Selecting Networks..............................................................................................................................17 Figure 4-1 Current Status Tab ..............................................................................................................................23 Figure 4-2 Advanced Status .................................................................................................................................24 Figure 4-3 Diagnostics Tab...................................................................................................................................25 Figure 4-4 Advanced Statistics .............................................................................................................................26 Figure 4-5 Driver Information ................................................................................................................................27 Contents III About This Users Manual This manual was written for Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card. For brevity, throughout this manual Wireless LAN Card is used to indicate 802.11a/b/g Combo WLAN Card Mini PCI. Also, the following terms/abbreviations are used interchangeably:

Access Point-AP Wireless LAN-WLAN Ethernet network-LAN-network This Users Manual contains information on how to install and configure your Wireless LAN Card. From now on, we will guide you through the correct configuration steps to get your device up and run. v Chapter 1 Introduction This Wireless LAN Card is an IEEE 802.11a/b/g combo radio solution. Users have the flexibility to connect to 802.11a, 802.11b or 802.11g networks effortlessly. The Wireless LAN Card design is based on Atheros WLAN chipset. It supports 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g standards to provide maximum data rates of 54 Mbps (802.11a/g) and 11 Mbps (802.11b). 1 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Wireless LAN Basics This section contains some Wireless LAN basics to help you better understand how the products work together to create a wireless network. Local Area Network (LAN) Simply put, a LAN is a network that exists in a relatively limited area. A network is two or more computers connected together sharing files and peripheral devices such as printers. The Wireless LAN Card allows you to interact with other computers without having to run cables normally associated with networks. This lets you move your computer around while staying connected to your network. There are two ways to use the Wireless LAN Card. One way is to connect directly to one or more Wireless LAN Card equipped computers, forming an Ad Hoc wireless network. The second way is to connect to an Access Point that gives you access to an existing wired LAN, forming an Infrastructure wireless network. 2 Wireless Network Topologies The 802.11 standard defines two wireless modes: Infrastructure mode and Ad Hoc mode. Ad Hoc Network An Ad Hoc network offers peer to peer connections between wireless stations that are in range of each other. The stations communicate directly with each other without using an Access Point or any connection to a wired network. This mode is useful for quickly and easily setting up a wireless network anywhere that a wireless infrastructure does not exist or is not required for services. In an Ad Hoc network, all wireless stations must have the same SSID, channel and WEP keys (if enabled) to communicate with each other. Chapter 1 Introduction Figure 1-1 Ad Hoc Network Infrastructure Network An Infrastructure wireless network consists of at least one Access Point connected to the wired network infrastructure and a set of wireless end stations. The AP acts as a gateway, linking the wireless network to a wired LAN. As a result, wireless stations have access to all of the features of your wired LAN including e-mail, Internet, network printers and files server access. Figure 1-2 Infrastructure Network 3 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Roaming Between Multiple Access Points For large environments, multiple Access Points can be implemented to extend the wireless service coverage area for seamless wireless access. It allows wireless clients to roam from one AP to another while maintaining the wireless connectivity at all times. A wireless client wandering across multiple APs will automatically change the operating radio frequency as required. In a roaming network, all APs and wireless clients must have the same Service Set Identity (SSID) and security setting (if enabled). Alternatively the mobile station may use an SSID of any to associate with any available AP, regardless of the APs SSID. Roaming among different Access Points is controlled automatically to maintain the wireless connectivity at all times. Figure 1-3 Roaming Across Multiple Access Points 802.11a, 802.11b and 802.11g As this Wireless LAN Card is an IEEE 802.11a/b/g combo radio solution, you can connect to either an 802.11a, 802.11b or 802.11g network. Getting familiar of some distinguish differences between these two standards will help you better understand your device. Operating Frequency Band 802.11b and 802.11g operate in the 2.4GHz band while 802.11a operates in the 5GHz band. Therefore, throughout this manual the 2.4 GHz-

related terms are referred to 802.11b/g networks while 5 GHz is referred to 802.11a. Data Rates 802.11b supports data rates of 1, 2, 5.5, and 11 Mbps. 802.11g supports data rates of 1, 2, 5.5, 6, 9,11, 12, 18, 24, 36, 48 and 54Mbps. 802.11a supports mandatory data rates of 6, 12, and 24 Mbps and optional data rates of 9, 18, 36, and 54 Mbps. Modulation 802.11a employs Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation (OFDM) scheme. 802.11b uses Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technologies. 802.11g uses Complementary Code Keying (CCK) and Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation (OFDM). 4 Chapter 2 Installing the Driver and Utility Software This chapter describes the first-time installation of the driver and software for the Wireless LAN Card. Proper driver installation is to allow the device to operate on your host computer while the utility software, a Windows program, is to help you configure and monitor your Wireless LAN Card. Note: As Mini PCI model is an integrated Wireless LAN Card solution, your laptop computer is probably shipped with its driver and software properly installed. If this is the case, ignore this chapter and proceed with the configuration steps in the next chapter. In case you need to re-install the driver and software for any reason, we recommend that you remove any previously installed driver and software from your system first. Refer to the section Chapter 6 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card for the instructions on how to remove previous driver releases. 5 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual System Requirements To use the Wireless LAN Card, your computer must meet the following minimum requirements:

Windows 98/Me/2000/XP

32 MB of RAM or greater

300 MHz processor or higher

UL listed I.T.E. computers Installing the driver and software If your operation system has not been installed with the Wireless LAN Card driver, the Windows Plug-and-Play capability will automatically detect the new device (e.g., Ethernet Controller) and display the wizard requesting for drivers. Click Cancel to bypass the wizard screen and then take out the steps below. Close all Windows programs that are running. Insert the provided Software Utility CD into your CD-ROM drive. Run Setup.exe from the Software Utility CD to launch the setup program. 1. 2. 3. When the Atheros Install Program screen appears, click Next. 6 4. Click Yes to accept the license agreement. Chapter 2 Installing the Driver and Utility Software 5. For first-time installation, select the first option as shown below then click Next. 6. Let Enable icon in system tray check box selected. Click Next. 7. Read the following instructions about the utility (ACU or ZERO) you want to use to control your Wireless LAN Card. Click Next to continue. 7 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual 8 8. Select the preferred utility then click Next. Chapter 2 Installing the Driver and Utility Software 9. Click Finish to complete the installation and reboot your computer. Depending on your operating system, following situation may occur during the installation:

For Windows XP: When Found New Hardware Wizard appears, have Install the software automatically selected and follow the on-screen instructions to proceed. If digital signature message appears, just click Continue Anyway. Now you are done with the installation procedure. Proceed to next chapter to configure or fine-tune your Wireless LAN Card settings. Note: If you need to set up the TCP/IP properties of your Wireless LAN Card, refer to Appendix A Setting Up TCP/IP for details. 9 Chapter 3 Utility Configuration The configuration of the Wireless LAN Card is done through the Atheros Client Utility (ACU). The user-mode utility also includes a number of tools to display current statistics and status information pertaining to your Wireless LAN Card. The Atheros Client Utility screen pops up with three available tabs: Current Status, Profile Management, and Diagnostics. This chapter will focus on the Station Configuration tab to guide you through the configuration tasks. For description of other tabs, please refer to Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics. Accessing the Atheros Configuration Utility You can access the Atheros Client Utility by any of the following methods:

Double-click the Atheros Client Utility tray icon on the system tray. Atheros wireless tray icon Note: If the tray icon is not launched, you can manually start the utility tray icon by selecting Start > Programs > Atheros > Atheros Client Utility. Right-click the ACU tray icon and select Launch Client Utility from the context menu. Note to Windows XP Users Windows XP provides built-in Wireless Zero Configuration Utility for wireless network. The utility is enabled by default. When it is active, it will override the Network Name, Security and other settings of the Atheros Client Utility. 11 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual If you want to disable the Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Utility and have your device managed only by the Atheros Client Utility, proceed as follows:

1. Double-click the Windows XP wireless tray icon and then click Advanced (or Properties) > Wireless Networks. Windows XP wireless icon Atheros wireless icon 2. On the Wireless Networks tab, uncheck the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings box and click OK. If you need to revert back to using Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Utility, just go to the Wireless Networks tab and check the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings box and click OK. Network Basic Configuration To add a new Ad Hoc or Infrastructure profile, click New on the Profile Management tab. The dialog box displays three tabs: General, Security and Advanced. General Tab The configuration items on the General tab are described as below. Profile Name: Enter a unique name to identify this network setting. Configuration names are not case sensitive. Network Names (SSID):

Ad Hoc mode: It is the name of the Wireless LAN group you want to create or participate in. This field has a maximum limit of 32 characters. A network name is mandatory for Ad Hoc mode. The SSID for all stations in a single Ad Hoc network must be the same. Enter only one SSID. Infrastructure mode: It is the name of the Wireless LAN group you want to participate in. This field has a maximum limit of 32 characters. You can enter up to three SSID. In an Infrastructure network, the SSID must match on AP and all the wireless clients to communicate with each other. Note that under Access Point mode, if the Network Name (SSID) field is left blank or filled in with the special SSID name any, your Wireless LAN Card will connect to the first compatible and open AP with the best signal strength within the connection range. It allows your Wireless LAN Card to wander across networks with different SSID. 12 Chapter 3 Utility Configuration Figure 3-1 General tab under the Profile Management Security Tab The Atheros Client Utility provides four types of encryption: Pre-Shared Keys, LEAP, Externally Managed 802.1x Keys and Disabled. Each wireless device within a WLAN must use the same security settings to allow communication. Depending on whether you are connecting to an Ad Hoc or Infrastructure network, you will need to consult one of the workgroup participants or network administrator for the correct security settings. Pre-Shared Keys To use this option, enable the Pre-Shared Keys option on the Security tab and click Define Pre-Shared Keys to set the encryption keys. Then configure the fields below:

Key Entry Method: Select the method to enter the key. If Hexadecimal is selected, only digits 0-9 and letters a-f, A-F are allowed. If ASCII Text is selected, you can enter alphanumeric characters. Key Length (bit): Defines the length for each encryption key. Key length varies according to the WEP type. As the Key Length is changed, the number of available characters in the field is changed automatically. If an already entered key is too long, the key is automatically truncated to fit. If the key length is increased again, the field does not automatically restore to its previous value. Per-User Key: Defines the unique encryption key for network configuration security. This field must be populated to enable security using a unique key. This key is not used in Ad Hoc mode. Shared Keys (1 ~ 4): Defines a set of shared encryption keys for network configuration security. At least one Shared Key field must be populated to enable security using a shared key. 13 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Note: All encryption key fields are displayed only when initially entered. On subsequent entry into the security property page, the field are masked. Select the default encryption keys to be used (either Per-User Key or Shared Key). You are only allowed to select one Per-User Key, or one Shared Key 1, Shared Key 2, Shared Key 3, or Shared Key 4 whose corresponding field has been completed. Note: Currently, Windows XP does not support 152-bit encryption when using the built-in Wireless Zero Configuration Utility. You must disable the zero configuration in order to use 152-bit encryption. Figure 3-2 Define Pre-Shared Keys screen LEAP (Light Extensible Authentication Protocol) Enables the use of LEAP for dynamic security keys. If you want to connect to a network using Cisco LEAP, make sure to check the LEAP option and enter the User Name and Password used to log in to the network in the provided fields. Note: If you are going to connect to an LEAP network, you should disable Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Utility entirely because it is basically incompatible with LEAP. Figure 3-3 Define User Information screen 14 Chapter 3 Utility Configuration Externally Managed 802.1x Keys Windows XP provides native support for 802.1x standard. Its Wireless Zero Configuration Utility allows to set up 802.1x related parameters. However, to use 802.1x function, your wireless station also needs some essential components, such as a certificate from the certificate authority. Please consult with the network administrator for the configuring procedures. If you are using a operating system other than Windows XP, the Define Static Encryption Keys button is available for you to enter at least one key into the Atheros Client Utility static key configuration. In the AP-802.1x network, the static keys serve only to initialize the security data structures. Real keys are dynamically provided by 802.1x key distribution protocol. Figure 3-4 Security tab under the Profile Management Advanced Tab The configuration items on the Advanced tab are described as below. Power Save Mode: Infrastructure mode ONLY. This feature reduces power consumption by the Wireless LAN Card to extend the battery life of your computer. The options include Off, Normal and Maximum. Off The power management is disabled and the card consumes full power from the computer. Normal The driver turns off power to the adapter for brief periods over briefly spaced time intervals. Maximum The driver turns off power to the adapter for longer periods over more widely spaced time intervals. The guideline for choosing Normal or Maximum:

The card wakes up more often and responds sooner to network requests in Normal mode than in Maximum mode. Maximum mode consumes less power than Normal mode. Network Type: Select Ad Hoc or Access Point. 15 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual 802.11b Preamble: The preamble is part of the IEEE 802.11b physical layer specification. All 802.11b devices are mandatory to support the long preamble format, but may optionally support the short preamble. This Wireless LAN Card supports the short preamble. The default Short & Long option allows communication with other 802.11b devices which support short preamble to boost the throughput. If your device is having trouble to communicate with other 802.11b devices, you may try to select the Long Only option. Transmit Power Level: Specifies the transmit power to be used. Reducing the transmit power level conserves battery power but decreases radio range. Wireless Mode: Specifies the wireless operation mode. The Wireless LAN Card will scan the radio signals only in the base band you specified. You can check all for your convenience. 5 GHz 54 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 54 Mbps mode for 802.11a radio space. 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 11 Mbps mode for 802.11b radio space. 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 54 Mbps mode for 802.11ga radio space. Wireless Mode When Starting Ad Hoc Network: Disabled in Infrastructure mode. Set up the operational mode of your Ad Hoc Network. Select the Channel (1~11 or Auto) and choose the base band:

2.4 GHz 11 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 11 Mbps mode for 802.11b radio space. 2.4 GHz 54 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 54 Mbps mode for 802.11ga radio space. Figure 3-5 Advanced tab under the Profile Management 16 Connecting to an Existing Network To check for existing networks near your computer, open the Profile Management tab and click Available Networks button, the following screen will pop-up. Chapter 3 Utility Configuration Figure 3-6 Available Networks All available networks will be shown in the above list box. Highlight the network name (SSID) you wish to join in and click the Activate button. If no configuration profile exists for the selected network, the General tab under Profile Management will pop. Enter a name for the selected network in the Profile Name field and click OK to return to the Profile Management tab. In the Profile list box highlight the profile name and in Details section will appear information about the selected profile. To get connected, double-

click on the profile name or highlight the profile name and click Activate button. Figure 3-7 Selecting Networks 17 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Another way to switch the profile is to right-clicking the ACU tray icon and select Configuration Profile from the context menu. Another menu will appear, click on the profile you wish to connect to. 18 Modifying a Configuration Profile To modify a configuration profile, highlight the profile name from the Profile list box and click the Modify button. Removing a Configuration Profile To remove a configuration profile:

1. Highlight the profile to remove from the Profile list on the Station Configuration tab. 2. Click the Remove button. 19 Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics The Atheros Client Utility includes a number of options to display statistics and status information. These tools can be accessed via the corresponding tabs of the Atheros Client Utility. Status Monitor Tray Icon The Atheros Client Utility tray icon allows you to easily and quickly monitor your wireless connection status. The tray icon shows the signal strength using colors and the received signal strength indication (RSSI). The number (2.4 or 5) indicates the current wireless base band. The colors and the signal strength are defined as follows:

Color Green Yellow Orange Quality RSSI (dBm) Excellent 20 dBm +

Good Poor 10-20 dBm

<10 dBm Red You can hold the mouse cursor over the tray icon to display transmit and receive speed and the current configuration profile name. No connection No Link When the RF signal of the Wireless LAN Card is disabled, the icon would appear as follows:

21 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Current Status Tab The Current Status tab of the Atheros Client Utility contains general information about the program and its operations. The following table describes the items found in the Current Status tab. Screen Item Profile Name Network Type Wireless Mode Description The name of the current configuration. Displays if the adapter is connected to an Access Point or Ad Hoc network. Displays the connection frequency and maximum speed:

5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11a)

2.4 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11g)

2.4 GHz 11 Mbps (802.11b Current Channel Display the currently selected channel.. Link Status Encryption Type Shows whether the station is connected to a wireless network. Displays the current security mode:

WEP use only WEP encryption.

AES (Advanced Encryption Security) only associate with Access Points that supports AES encryption.

CKIP Cisco Key Integrity Protocol

Off No encryption is used. IP Address Displays the IP address of the station. 22 Figure 4-1 Current Status Tab Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics 23 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Advanced Status You can view advanced information about the program and its operation by clicking the Advanced button on the Current Status tab. The following table describes the items found on the Advanced Status screen. Screen Item Country Description The regulatory domain of the network. Transmit Power Level Displays the transmit power level. Network Name (SSID) The wireless network name. Power Save Mode The power management options. Power management is disabled in Ad Hoc mode. Frequency Transmit Rate Receive Rate The frequency the station is using. Displays the transmit rate for the current connection. Displays the receive rate for the current connection. Figure 4-2 Advanced Status Diagnostics Tab The Diagnostics tab lists the following receive and transmit diagnostics for frames received by or transmitted by the wireless network adapter. Multicast frames transmitted and received 24 Broadcast frames transmitted and received Unicast frames transmitted and received Total bytes transmitted and received Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics Figure 4-3 Diagnostics Tab Advanced Statistics Advanced Statistics also show receive and transmit statistical information for the following receive and transmit diagnostics for frames received by or transmitted to the wireless network adapter. Frames transmitted OK Frame retried Frames dropped Beacons received Frames received with errors Encryption errors Duplicate frames CTS frames Authentication rejects Association rejects 25 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Figure 4-4 Advanced Statistics Driver Information The Driver Information contains general information about the network interface card (NIC) and the network driver interface specification (NDIS). The following table describes the items found on the Driver Information tab. Screen Item Card Name MAC Address Driver Driver Version Driver Date Description The name of the NIC. The station's MAC address. It is configured at the factory. The location of the NDIS driver. The NDIS driver version. Date of the NDIS driver release. 26 Figure 4-5 Driver Information Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics 27 Chapter 5 ACU Toolbar There are three menus Action, Options, Help in the ACU toolbar, check the appropriate section for more information. Action Menu You can enable/disable radio frequency or ACU icon in the system tray. Click Exit to shutdown the utility. Options Menu There is only one option under this menu. You can view or change the current display settings. To change the display settings, click on Display Settings. The display settings dialog box contains tools to set these parameters:

Signal Strength Display Units: Sets the units used when displaying signal strength: percentage or decibels. Refresh Interval (seconds): Sets the display refresh interval in seconds. Data Display: Sets the display to cumulative or relative. Relative: Displays the change (delta) in statistical data since the last update. 29 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Cumulative: Displays statistical data collected from the beginning of driver load. Figure 5-6 Display Settings Help Menu This menu contains Atheros Client Utility Help in web format and About Atheros Client Utility. 30 Chapter 6 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card Should you need to uninstall the Wireless LAN Card and its application software for any reason, please proceed as follows. The uninstallation procedures are basically the same under Windows 98, Me, 2000 and XP. The graphics here assume a Windows XP environment. 1. Close all programs that are currently running. 2. 3. Right-click on the Atheros Client Utility (ACU) icon in the system tray. Click Exit to shut down the utility. Select Start > Settings > Control Panel. Double-click the Add or Remove Programs icon. 31 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual 4. Highlight AR5001 Wireless Network Adapter and Client Utility then click Change/Remove. 5. Select Delete the previous installation and click Next. 32 6. When confirm message appears, click OK. 7. Click Finish. Chapter 7 Troubleshooting Chapter 7 Troubleshooting My station cannot associate in Ad Hoc mode. Make sure all the stations in the Ad Hoc network are set with the same SSID. You can set up one station to start the Ad Hoc network and wait briefly before setting other stations. This prevents several stations from trying to establish a network at the same time, which can result in multiple singular networks being established, rather than a single network with multiple stations associated to it. If you are in the Europe using ETSI regulatory domain, Ad Hoc mode is not supported. My station cannot access network resources in Infrastructure mode. Even your link status indicates a successful connection with the Access Point, this connection applies to the physical network layer only. It is just like pulling a cable between two wired computers. To access the network resource, you will need a login name and login password as implemented by most of network operating systems. You should consult with your network administrator for required settings. 33 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Radio Interference You may be able to eliminate any interference by trying the following:

Increase the distance between the wireless computers and the device causing the radio interference. Plug the computer equipped with the Wireless LAN Card into an outlet on a different branch circuit from that used by the affecting device. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio technician for help. For 802.11b connection, keep the computer with the Wireless LAN Card away from the microwave oven and large metal objects. Cannot Connect to Another Wireless LAN Card If you cannot make a connection to another Wireless LAN Card from your computer, it could be due to one of the following reasons:

Incorrect SSID. Make sure the SSID is the same for all computers that have a Wireless LAN Card. Changes are not being recognized by your computer. Restart your computer. If in Ad Hoc mode, make sure the Log on to Windows NT domain check box is not selected in the Client for Microsoft Networks Properties dialog box in the Network Configuration tab. Incorrect IP address or subnet mask. Check these settings in the TCP/IP Properties dialog box in the Network Configuration tab. Poor Link Quality If the link quality display stays in the poor range, it could be due to one of the following reasons:

Radio interference. For 802.11b/g 2.4 GHz band, possible sources of interference can be microwave ovens, cordless phones or pager systems. Identify and eliminate the source of interference. Although 802.11a 5 GHz band has less interference, the signals have a higher absorption rate and may be blocked by walls or other building structures. Move your device closer to your target Access Point or wireless station. Distance between Wireless LAN Card and Access Point is too far. Decrease the distance between the Access Point or another wireless adapter. Cannot Connect to an Access Point If you cannot make a connection to an Access Point, it could be due to one of the following reasons:

Make sure the Wireless LAN Card and the Access Point have no physical connection problems. Make sure the SSID for the Wireless LAN Card is the same as the Access Point. 34 Make sure the security setting is the same as that of the Access Point. Also, make sure the default key is the same for both the Wireless LAN Card and the Access Point. Chapter 7 Troubleshooting 35 Appendix A Setting Up TCP/IP This section contains instructions for configuring the TCP/IP protocol of the Wireless LAN Card. The IP address policy depends on your network. You should configure your TCP/IP protocol as instructed by your network administrator. For Windows 2000/XP 1. Double-click Network Dial-up Connections (Windows 2000) or Network Connections (Windows XP) on Control Panel. 2. 3. On the General tab, highlight Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and then click Properties. Right-click the Local Area Connection icon corresponding to your wireless adapter and click Properties. Option A: Use fixed IP address. Enable the Use the following IP Address option. Enter the IP address, Subnet Mask and Default gateway. Then click OK. Option B: Use dynamic IP address Select Obtain an IP address automatically. 4. Close the Local Area Connection Properties window. For Windows 2000, if prompted, click Yes to restart your computer. 37 802.11a/b/g Combo Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and

(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. 38 IMPORTANT NOTE:

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. For operation within 5.15 ~ 5.25GHz frequency range, it is restricted to indoor environment, and the antenna of this device must be integral. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Appendix A Setting Up TCP/IP 39

802.11a/b Wireless LAN Card Users Manual Information in this document is subject to change without notice. No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, for any purpose, without the express written permission of the seller. The seller provides this documentation without warranty, term, or condition of any kind. The seller may make improvements or changes in the product(s) and/or the program(s) described in this documentation at any time. Atheros and the Atheros logo are registered trademarks of Atheros Communications, Inc. Cisco, Cisco Systems, and the Cisco Systems logo are registered trademarks of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other countries. All other trademarks mentioned in this document are the property of their respective owners. 2002 All rights reserved. Contents Chapter 1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................................ 1 Wireless LAN Basics................................................................................................................................................... 2 Local Area Network (LAN)....................................................................................................................................... 2 Wireless Network Topologies.................................................................................................................................. 3 Chapter 2 Installing the Driver and Utility Software................................................................................................. 6 System Requirements................................................................................................................................................. 7 Installing Wireless LAN Driver and Software .............................................................................................................. 7 Chapter 3 Station Configuration .............................................................................................................................. 11 Accessing the Atheros Configuration Utility .............................................................................................................. 11 Note to Windows XP Users ................................................................................................................................... 13 Basic Configuration for Ad Hoc Network................................................................................................................... 14 Basic Configuration for Infrastructure Network ......................................................................................................... 15 Edit the Security Tab................................................................................................................................................. 18 Edit the Advanced Tab.............................................................................................................................................. 21 To Connect to an Existing Network........................................................................................................................... 24 I 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual To Modify a Configuration Profile.............................................................................................................................. 25 To Remove a Configuration Profile........................................................................................................................... 25 To Switch to a Different Profile.................................................................................................................................. 25 Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics ................................................................................................................. 27 Link Status................................................................................................................................................................. 27 Advanced Link Status............................................................................................................................................ 30 Driver Information...................................................................................................................................................... 32 WLAN Status............................................................................................................................................................. 33 Statistics .................................................................................................................................................................... 35 Tools.......................................................................................................................................................................... 37 Chapter 5 Tools........................................................................................................................................................... 39 Changing Display Settings ........................................................................................................................................ 39 Select the Country Code ........................................................................................................................................... 40 Status Monitor Tray Icon ........................................................................................................................................... 41 Chapter 4 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card....................................................................................................... 45 II Chapter 1 Introduction This Wireless LAN Card is an IEEE 802.11a/b dual band combo radio solution. The dual band design provides backward compatibility with 802.11b standard compliant devices and forward compatibility to new wave of 802.11a devices. Now users have the flexibility to connect to either the legacy 802.11b or higher-speed 802.11a network effortlessly. The Wireless LAN Card design is based on Atheros WLAN chipset. It supports 802.11a and 802.11b standard to provide maximum data rates of 54 Mbps and 11 Mbps respectively. Based on Atheros Turbo Mode, the 802.11a transfer speed can be extended up to blazing 108 Mbps. Additionally, the Wireless LAN Card provides a comprehensive security suit including WEP encryption, Atheros Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) and 802.1x authentication. 1 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Wireless LAN Basics This section conations some Wireless LAN basics to help you better understand how the product work together to create a wireless network. Local Area Network (LAN) Simply put, a LAN is a network that exists in a relatively limited area. A network is two or more computers connected together sharing files and peripheral devices such as printers. The Wireless LAN Card allows you to interact with other computers without having to run cables normally associated with networks. This lets you move your computer around while staying connected to your network. There are two ways to use the Wireless LAN Card. One way is to connect directly to one or more Wireless LAN Card equipped computers, forming an Ad Hoc wireless network. The second way is to connect to an Access Point that gives you access to an existing wired LAN, forming an Infrastructure wireless network. 2 Wireless Network Topologies The 802.11 standard defines two modes: Infrastructure mode and Ad Hoc mode. Chapter 1 Introduction Ad Hoc Network An Ad Hoc network offers peer to peer connections between wireless stations that are in range of each other. The stations communicate directly with each other without using an Access Point or any connection to a wired network. This mode is useful for quickly and easily setting up a wireless network anywhere that a wireless infrastructure does not exist or is not required for services. In an Ad Hoc network, all wireless stations must have the same SSID, channel and WEP keys (if enabled) to communicate. 3 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Infrastructure Network The infrastructure network uses an access point (or several access points) as a gateway, linking the wireless network to a wired LAN. As a result, portable workstations or desktops on your wireless network have access to all of the features of your wired LAN including e-mail, Internet access, network printers and files server. An Infrastructure wireless network consists of at least one Access Point connected to the wired network infrastructure and a set of wireless end stations. The AP acts as a gateway, linking the wireless network to a wired LAN. As a result, wireless stations have access to all of the features of your wired LAN including e-mail, Internet, network printers and files server access. 4 Chapter 1 Introduction Roaming Between Multiple APs For large environments, multiple APs can be implemented to extend the wireless service coverage area for seamless wireless access. It allows wireless clients to roam from one AP to another while maintaining the wireless connectivity at all times. In a roaming network, all APs and wireless clients must have the same Service Set Identity

(SSID) and security setting (if enabled). Alternatively the mobile station may use an SSID of any to associate with any available AP, regardless of the APs SSID. 5 Chapter 2 Installing the Driver and Utility Software This chapter describes the first-time installation for the driver and software for the Wireless LAN Card. Proper driver installation is to allow the device to operate on your host computer while the utility software, a Windows program, is to help you configure and monitor your Wireless LAN Card. Note: As this Wireless LAN Card is an embedded solution, your computer is probably shipped with its driver and software properly installed. If this is the case, ignore this chapter and proceed with configuration steps in next chapter. In case you need to re-install the driver and software for any reason, we recommend that you remove any previously installed driver and software from your system first. Refer to the section Chapter 4 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card for the instruction on how to remove previous driver releases. 6 Chapter 2 System Requirements To use the Wireless LAN Card, your computer must meet the following minimum requirements:

Windows 98/Me/2000/XP

32 MB memory or greater

300 MHz processor or higher Installing Wireless LAN Driver and Software If your operation system has not been installed with the Wireless LAN Card driver, the Windows Plug-and-Play capability will automatically detect the new device (e.g., Ethernet Controller) and display the wizard requesting for drivers. Click Cancel to bypass the wizard screen and then take out the steps below. 1. Close all Windows programs that are running. 2. Insert the provided Software Utility CD into your CD-ROM drive. Run Setup.exe from the Software Utility CD to launch the setup program. 7 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual 3. Select the language for this installation. 4. Click Next to continue. 8 5. Click Yes to accept the license agreement. Chapter 2 6. Select the path to add the shortcut to and then click Next. 9 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual 7. Click Finish to complete the installation. Depending on your operating system, following situation may occur during the installation:

For Windows 2000: If you are prompted with one or a couple of Digital Signature not Found alarm messages, just click Yes to continue with the installation. For Windows XP: When Found New Hardware Wizard appears, have Install the software automatically selected and follow the on-screen instructions to proceed. If digital signature message appears, just click Continue Anyway. Now you are done with the installation procedure. Proceed to next chapter to configure or fine-tune your Wireless LAN Card settings. 10 Chapter 3 Station Configuration The configuration of the Wireless LAN Card is done through the Atheros Client Utility

(ACU). The utility also includes a number of tools to display current statistics and status information. The Atheros Client Utility screen pops up with six available tabs: Link Status, Station Configuration, Driver Information, WLAN Status, Statistics and Tools. This chapter will focus on the Station Configuration tab to guide you through the configuration items. For description of other tabs, please refer to the Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics. Accessing the Atheros Configuration Utility You can access the Atheros Client Utility by any of the following methods:

Double-click the Atheros Client Utility tray icon on the system tray 11 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Note: If the tray icon is not launched, you can manually start the utility tray icon by selecting Start > Programs > IEEE 802.11 a/b > ACU or double-clicking the ACU icon on the desktop (if any). Right-click the tray icon and select Launch Station Utility from the context menu. After launching the Atheros Client Utility, click the Station Configuration tab to start your configuration. You can create multiple profiles to reflect specific WLAN settings for each place you may roam. See the appropriate subsection as required. Basic Configuration for Ad Hoc Network Basic Configuration for Infrastructure Network To Connect to an Existing Network To Modify a Configuration Profile To Remove a Configuration Profile To Switch to a Different Profile 12 Note to Windows XP Users Chapter 3 Windows XP provides built-in support for wireless networks. By default, your wireless adapter is controlled by Windows XP Wireless Configuration Manager. But you can still manage your wireless adapter through the Atheros Client Utility. Configuration in either utility takes effect in another. If you want to disable the Windows XP Wireless Configuration Manager and have your device controlled only by the Atheros Client Utility, proceed as follows:

1. Double-click the Windows XP wireless tray icon and then click Advanced (or Properties) > Wireless Networks. Windows XP wireless icon Atheros wireless tray icon 2. On the Wireless Networks tab, uncheck the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings box and click OK. 13 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual If you need to revert back to using Windows XP Wireless Configuration Manager, just go to the Wireless Networks tab and check the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings box and click OK. Note: If your device is controlled by the Windows XP Wireless Configuration Manager, the utility will display related message on the bottom of the General tab of Network Configuration Settings dialog box. Basic Configuration for Ad Hoc Network To add a new Ad Hoc mode configuration profile, click New on the Station Configuration tab. When the Network Configuration Settings dialog box displays, edit the General tab. The configuration items on the General tab are described as below. Configuration Name: Enter a unique name to identify this network setting. Configuration names are not case sensitive. Network Name (SSID): It is the name of the Wireless LAN group you want to participate in. This field has a maximum limit of 32 characters. A network name is mandatory for Ad Hoc mode. The SSID for all stations in a single Ad Hoc network must be the same. Network Type: Select Ad Hoc. Power Save Mode: This feature is not applicable to Ad Hoc mode network. 14 Chapter 3 If WEP encryption is enabled in the Ad Hoc network you are going to connected, proceed to configure the Security tab as described in Edit the Security Tab. If you have finished the required setting, click OK and you will return to the Station Configuration tab. Select the profile you have just created and click Activate to have the setting take effect. Immediate connection status will be displayed in the Details group and indicated by graphic indication on the left. Basic Configuration for Infrastructure Network To add a new Infrastructure configuration profile, click New on the Station Configuration tab. When the Network Configuration Settings dialog box displays, edit the General tab. The configuration items on the General tab are described as below. Configuration Name: Enter a unique name to identify this network setting. Configuration names are not case sensitive. Network Name (SSID): It is the name of the Wireless LAN group you want to participate in. This field has a maximum limit of 32 characters. In an Infrastructure network, the SSID must match on AP and all the wireless clients to communicate with each other. Note that under Access Point mode, if the Network Name (SSID) field is left blank or filled in with the special SSID name any, your Wireless LAN Card will connect to the first 15 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual compatible and open AP with the best signal strength within the connection range. It allows your Wireless LAN Card to wander across networks with different SSID. Network Type: Select Access Point. Power Save Mode: This feature reduces power consumption by the Wireless LAN Card to extend the battery life of your computer. The options include Off, Normal and Maximum. Off The power management is disabled and the card consumes full power from the computer. Normal The driver turns off power to the adapter for brief periods over briefly-spaced time intervals. Maximum The driver turns off power to the adapter for longer periods over more widely spaced time intervals. The guideline for choosing Normal or Maximum:

The card wakes up more often and responds sooner to network requests in Normal mode than in Maximum mode. Maximum mode consumes less power than Normal mode. If WEP encryption is enabled in the Infrastructure network you are going to connected, proceed to configure the Security tab as described in Edit the Security Tab. 16 If you have finished the required setting, click OK and you will return to the Station Configuration tab. Select the profile you have just created and click Activate to have the setting take effect. Immediate connection status will be displayed in the Details group and indicated by graphic indication on the left. Chapter 3 Figure 3-1 General Settings for Infrastructure Mode 17 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Edit the Security Tab The Atheros Client Utility provides three encryption types: Dynamic Security, Static Keys and Disable encryption. You should contact your network administrator about the encryption type. Use Dynamic Security (LEAP, 802.1X,etc.) The Atheros Client Utility supports LEAP (Cisco-EAP Wireless) and 802.1X authentication type where login and mutual authentication between a wireless client and a RADIUS server is required. Client communication to the LAN through the AP will remain constant until client logs off. If you want to connect to a network using Cisco LEAP, make sure to check the Enable LEAP option and enter the user name and password used to log in to the network in the provided fields. Use Static Keys Selecting Encryption Types For static keys, the Wireless LAN Card supports two encryption types: wired equivalent privacy (WEP) and advanced encryption security (AES). While WEP is universally supported and commonly used, AES provides a higher level of security because frames 18 Chapter 3 encrypted with AES are more difficult to decipher without knowing the key. To use AES, you must specify a unique key (refer to description below). Note: AES is not supported in Ad Hoc mode, because Ad Hoc mode does not support unique keys. Encryption type is set on both the AP and the station. The station and AP negotiate and attempt to use AES before exchanging data packets. By default, the station is set to auto and attempts to use AES. It will only use WEP if the AP supports or is configured for WEP only. Configuring the Encryption Keys To use static keys, enable the Use Static Keys option on the Security tab and click Define Static Encryption Keys to set the encryption keys. Then configure the fields below:

Key Entry Method: Select the method to enter the key. If Hexadecimal is selected, only digits 0-9 and letters a-f, A-F are allowed. If ASCII Text is selected, you can enter alphanumeric characters. Key Length (bits): Defines the length for each encryption key. Key length varies according to the WEP type. As the Key Length is changed, the number of available characters in the field is changed automatically. If an already entered key is too long, the key is automatically truncated to fit. If the key length is increased again, the field does not automatically update to its previous value. 19 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Unique Key: To enable security using AES, you must define an unique encryption key. Otherwise you may leave it blank. Shared Keys (First to Fourth): Defines a set of shared encryption keys for network configuration security. At least one Shared Key field must be populated to enable security using a shared key. Note: All encryption key fields are displayed only when initially entered. On subsequent entry into the security property page, the field are masked. Select Default Encryption: Selects the default encryption keys to be used (either Unique or Shared). You are only allowed to select a Unique key, or a shared First, Second, Third, or Fourth key whose corresponding field has been completed. 20 Chapter 3 Figure 3-2 Static Keys Security Settings Edit the Advanced Tab Scan Mode: Specifies the scan type as Passive or Auto. The scan mode is set by the country code, with most regions using an active scan mode. To override an active setting, click Passive here. 802.11b Preamble: The preamble is part of the IEEE 802.11b physical layer specification. All 802.11b devices are mandatory to support the long preamble format, but may optionally 21 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual support the short preamble. This Wireless LAN Card supports the short preamble. The default Short & Long option allows to communicate with other 802.11b devices which support short preamble to boost the throughput. If your device is having trouble to communicate with other 802.11b devices, then you may try to select the Long Only option. QoS: Specifies whether to enable the Wireless LAN Card to cooperate in a network using Quality of Service. Transmit Power Level: Specifies the transmit power as required. Wireless Mode: Specifies the wireless operation mode. The Wireless LAN Card will scans the radio signals only in the base band you specified. 5 GHz 54 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 54 Mbps mode for 802.11a radio space. 5GHz 108 Mbps: Specifies whether to enable turbo mode for 802.11a radio space. If enabled, the WLAN card scans channels for 802.11a turbo modes. 2.4 GHz 11 Mbps: Specifies whether to use 11 Mbps mode for 802.11b radio space. You can use the Wireless Mode setting to control whether to roam between 802.11a and 802.11b networks or just roam in a single network. 22 Chapter 3 To roam between 802.11a and 802.11b network To have your wireless station automatically roam between 802.11a and 802.11b networks, select 2.4 GHz 11Mbps and one or both 5 GHz modes as required. To roam in a single 802.11a or 802.11b network If you want your wireless station to roam only in 802.11a or 802.11b network, only select the corresponding band as the wireless mode. Wireless Mode When Starting Ad Hoc Network: Only effective when connection to an Ad Hoc network. Specifies a band to establish an Ad Hoc network if no matching SSID is found after scanning all available modes. 23 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Figure 3-3 Advanced Network Configuration Settings To Connect to an Existing Network The Athros Client Utility provides a station listing of all available APs and Ad Hoc networks on the WLAN Status tab. If a configuration profile exists for an available network, you can double-click on the network name (SSID) to connect an available network. 24 If no configuration profile exists for an available network, double-clicking the network name

(SSID) will bring out the Network Configuration Settings dialog box for you to create a configuration profile for that network. Chapter 3 To Modify a Configuration Profile To modify a configuration profile, select the configuration from the list of profiles and click the Modify button. To Remove a Configuration Profile To remove a configuration profile:

Select the profile to remove from the Profile list on the Station Configuration tab. 1. 2. Click the Remove button. To Switch to a Different Profile To switch to another configuration profile:

Select the profile to be used from the Profile list on the Station Configuration tab. 1. 2. Click the Activate button. 25 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual 26 Chapter 4 Checking Status or Statistics The Atheros Client Utility includes a number of tools to display current statistics and status information. These tools can be accessed via the corresponding tabs of the Atheros Client Utility. This chapter will describe these tabs except the Station Configuration tab. Link Status The Link Status tab of the Atheros Client Utility contains general information about the program and its operations. The following table describes the items found on the Link Status screen. Screen Item Wireless Mode Description Displays the wireless mode:

5 GHz 54 Mbps (802.11a)

5 GHz 108 Mbps (802.11a Atherso Turbo Mode) 27 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Screen Item Description Configuration Name The name of the current configuration.

2.4 GHz 11 Mbps (802.11b) Link Status Transmit Rate Receive Rate Network Type Security Mode Shows whether the station is connected to a wireless network. The current packet transmit rate (Mbps). The current packet receive rate (Mbps). Displays if the adapter is connected to an Access Point or Ad Hoc network. Displays the current security mode:

WEP use only WEP encryption.

AES (Advanced Encryption Security) only associate with Access Points that supports AES encryption.

Auto Allows the Wireless LAN Card and the Access Point to automatically negotiate the encryption. IP Address

Off No encryption is used. Displays the IP address of the station. 28 Figure 3-4 Link Status Chapter 3 29 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Advanced Link Status You can view advanced information about the program and its operations by clicking the Advanced button on the Link Status tab. The following table describes the items found on the Advanced Link Status screen. Screen Item Country Description The regulatory domain of the network. You can configure the country by selecting Tools > Country Select. Transmit Power Level The transmit power level. Network Name (SSID) The wireless network name. QoS Shows whether the station is enabled to cooperate in a network using Quality of Service. Power Save Mode The power management options. Power management is disabled in ad hoc mode. Frequency The frequency the station is using. 30 Figure 3-5 Advanced Link Status Chapter 3 31 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Driver Information The Driver Information tab of the Atheros Client Utility contains general information about the network interface card (NIC) and the network driver interface specification (NDIS) driver. The following table describes the items found on the Driver Information screen. Screen Item Card Name Description The name of the NIC. MAC Address The station's MAC address. It is configured at the factory. Driver The location of the NDIS driver. Driver Version The NDIS driver version. Driver Date Date of the NDIS driver release. 32 Chapter 3 Figure 3-6 Driver Information WLAN Status The WLAN Status tab of the Atheros Client Utility displays the information about the network you have joined. It also contains information about the available access point and Ad Hoc networks. The Available Access Points (APs) and Ad Hoc Networks list describes the available APs and Ad Hoc networks. 33 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual If no configuration profile exists for an available network, you can double-click on the network name to create a configuration profile for that network. If a configuration profile exists for an available network, you can double-click on the network name to connect an available network. The following table describes the items found on the WLAN Status screen. Screen Item Description Network Name (SSID) The wireless network name (service set identification). Signal Strength The received signal strength indicator. Displays the signal strength in dB. Wireless Mode Displays the wireless mode. Channel Frequency The channel the station is using. The frequency the station is using. Address (BSSID) The network AP address (basic service set identification). 34 Chapter 3 Figure 3-7 WLAN Status Statistics The Statistics tab of the Atheros Client Utility contains transmit and receive statistics. The Statistics tab lists Uptime as well as the following transmit and receive statistics:

Multicast frames transmitted and received Broadcast frames transmitted and received 35 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Unicast frames transmitted and received Total bytes transmitted and received Click the Advanced button to also show receive and transmit statistical information for the following receive and transmit statistics:

Beacons transmitted and received Frames transmitted and received OK Transmitted frame retried Frames dropped RTS frames sent Frames received with errors Encryption errors Duplicate frames received CTS frames received Authentication rejects Association rejects 36 Chapter 3 37 Figure 3-8 Statistics Tools The Tools tab provides the following functions:

Screen Item Description Radio Enable/Disable Enable or disable the RF Signal. 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Country Select Open the Country Code Selector to select the country where the Wireless LAN Card is using. Enable/Disable Tray Icon Enable or disable the tray icon. Figure 3-9 Tools 38 Chapter 5 Tools Changing Display Settings To change the display settings, choose Options > Settings from the Atheros Client Utility menu. The display settings dialog box contains tools to set these parameters:

Signal Strength Display Units: Sets the units used when displaying signal strength:

percentage or decibels relative to one milliwatt (dBm). Refresh Interval: Sets the display refresh interval in milliseconds (ms). Data Display: Sets the display to cumulative or relative. Cumulative: Displays statistical data collected from the beginning of driver load. Relative: Displays the change (delta) in statistical data since the last update. 39 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Figure 3-10 Display Settings Select the Country Code The Country Code Selector is a tool provided to allow users to switch to different country codes. The Wireless LAN Card has EEPROM locations allocated to store country code information. The selections available include the United States, Canada, Europe, Japan and so on. When the country code is changed, the NDIS driver scans only the legal frequency channels allowed in those countries. In most cases your Wireless LAN Card is shipped with proper country setting. If you need to change the country code:

40 Chapter 3 1. Open the Country Code Selector tool by selecting the Country Select button on the Tools tab or selecting Action menu and clicking Country Select. From the Country drop-down menu, choose the country to switch to. 2. 3. Click Yes to continue. 4. The country selection takes effect immediately. Use the Atheros Client Utility to verify the selected country by looking at the Advanced information on the Link Status tab. Figure 3-11 Country Code Selector Status Monitor Tray Icon The Atheros Client Utility tray icon allows you to easily and quickly monitor your wireless connection status. 41 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual When the RF signal of the Wireless LAN Card is disabled, the icon would appear as follows:

displays the signal strength by indication of bar graph. The tray icon shows the signal strength using colors and the received signal strength indication (RSSI). The number (2.4 or 5) indicates the current wireless base band. The colors and the signal strength are defined as follows:

Color Quality RSSI (dBm) Green Excellent 20 dBm +

Yellow Good 10-20 dBm Orange Poor

<10 dBm Red No Link No connection 42 Hold the mouse cursor over the tray icon to display transmit and receive speed and the current configuration profile name. Chapter 3 Right-click on the tray icon to:

Screen Item Description Launch Station Utility Launch the Atheros Client Utility. Use the Atheros Client Utility to configure the profile or view status and statistics information. Atheros Client Utility Help Launch the Atheros Client Utility Help. Enable/Disable Radio Enable or disable the RF Signal. Country Select Open the Country Code Selector to select the country where the Wireless LAN Card is using. 43 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual Screen Item Description Configuration Profile Display a list of available configurations. Double-click a configuration to switch to edit it, or add a new configuration profile. Exit Exit the Atheros Client Utility application. 44 Chapter 4 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card Should you need to uninstall the Wireless LAN Card and its application software for any reason, please proceed as follows. The uninstallation procedures are the same under Windows 2000 and XP. The graphics here assume a Windows XP environment. 1. Close all programs that are currently running. 2. Double-click the Add/Remove Programs (or Add or Remove Programs for Windows XP) icon under Control Panel. 45 802.11a/b Mini PCI Wireless LAN Card User's Manual 3. Highlight IEEE 802.11a/b from the list and then click Change/Remove. 4. Select Remove and click Next. 46 5. When confirm message appears, click OK. Chapter 4 Uninstalling the Wireless LAN Card 6. Click Finish and wait for the system to reboot to complete software uninstallation. 47 802.11a/b Mini PCI WLAN Card Users Manual Federal Communication Commission Interference Statement This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one of the following measures:

This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and

(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. FCC Caution: Any changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate this equipment. Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. 48 IMPORTANT NOTE:

FCC Radiation Exposure Statement:

This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. For operation within 5.15 ~ 5.25GHz frequency range, it is restricted to indoor environment, and the antenna of this device must be integral. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. 49