FCC ID: SW4IDBHFBTU IDBLUE Bluetooth-enabled RFID Reader

IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide IDBLUE Support 06/17/2011 Contents Change Record .............................................................................................................................................. 4 Disclaimer...................................................................................................................................................... 5 Trademarks ................................................................................................................................................... 5 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 6 Package Contents ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Device Overview ........................................................................................................................................... 7 Components: ............................................................................................................................................. 7 Identifying the device name ..................................................................................................................... 8 Getting Started .............................................................................................................................................. 9 Charging the IDBLUE R8.HF Device ........................................................................................................... 9 Using IDBLUE R8.HF .................................................................................................................................. 9 Turning the device on ........................................................................................................................... 9 Turning the device off ........................................................................................................................... 9 Reading and Writing RFID Tags ........................................................................................................... 10 Scanning a tag ..................................................................................................................................... 10 Device Communication ............................................................................................................................... 12 Physical Connections............................................................................................................................... 12 Logical Connections ................................................................................................................................ 12 Bluetooth Discoverable Mode ................................................................................................................ 12 Bluetooth Name and PIN Code ............................................................................................................... 13 Device Configuration ................................................................................................................................... 13 IDBLUE Factory Default Settings ............................................................................................................. 13 Operating Modes .................................................................................................................................... 15 Disconnected Operating Mode ........................................................................................................... 15 Connected Operating Mode ............................................................................................................... 15 Power Saving Settings ............................................................................................................................. 16 Device Timeout ................................................................................................................................... 16 RFID Operation Timeout ..................................................................................................................... 16 Bluetooth Timeout .............................................................................................................................. 16 RFID Protocols ......................................................................................................................................... 16 General Settings ...................................................................................................................................... 16 Audio Buzzer ....................................................................................................................................... 17 On-board Clock ................................................................................................................................... 17 Performing a device reset ....................................................................................................................... 17 User Feedback ............................................................................................................................................. 17 Device Status LED .................................................................................................................................... 17 Not Charging ....................................................................................................................................... 17 Charging .............................................................................................................................................. 18 Bluetooth Discoverable ....................................................................................................................... 19 RFID Status LED ....................................................................................................................................... 19 Audio Buzzer ........................................................................................................................................... 19 Events ...................................................................................................................................................... 19 Demo Applications ...................................................................................................................................... 21 FCC Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................................. 22 Troubleshooting .......................................................................................................................................... 23 Contact Information .................................................................................................................................... 24 Change Record Version 1.7 1.6 1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2 1.1 1.0 Date June 17, 2011 February 3, 2010 June 18, 2009 March 16, 2009 February 19, 2009 Sept. 11, 2008 January 17, 2008 October 4, 2007 Author CBP DMB DMB CBP DMB DAR CBP CBP Comments Update FCC dislaimer Updates for RTM5 Updates for RTM2 RTM1 Updates for RTM FCC Disclaimer added Back label updated Initial Draft Disclaimer Copyright 2010 Cathexis Innovations Inc. All Rights Reserved. Cathexis Innovations Inc. assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document, reserves the right to change systems or specifications detailed herein at any time without notice, and does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. No licenses to patents or other intellectual property of Cathexis are granted by the Company in connection with the sale of Cathexis products, expressly or by implication. All specifications are subject to change without notice. Cathexis, IDBLUE, CathexisWEB, and Powered by Cathexis RFID Engine are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Cathexis Innovations Inc. in Canada and/or other countries. Trademarks IDBLUE is a registered trademark of Cathexis Innovations Inc. (www.cathexis.com/) Bluetooth is a registered trademark of the Bluetooth SIG (http://www.bluetooth.com/). Microsoft, Microsoft Windows XP, Microsoft Windows Vista, Microsoft Windows Server 2003, PocketPC, Windows Mobile are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Microsoft Corporation

(http://www.microsoft.com/) in the United States and/or other countries. Introduction Congratulations on purchasing your new IDBLUE R8.HF Device. This guide will help you to familiarize yourself with the new device and learn how it works. To help you get the most benefit from IDBLUE R8.HF, please make sure that you download and install the latest version of IDBLUE Manager that will allow you to configure your device and allow you to get up and running as quickly as possible. If you do not already have this software package installed on your machine please visit:

http://www.idblue.com/support/downloads.aspx Package Contents Upon receiving your IDBLUE package, please ensure that it contains the following items:

IDBLUE R8.HF RFID Device Mini-B USB Cable IDBLUE Quick Start Guide w/ Sample RFID Tag IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Overview 7 Device Overview Please take a moment to examine IDBLUE R8.HF, and familiarize yourself with its components. Components:

1. USB Port 2. Stylus Tip 3. RFID Status LED 4. Action Button 5. Device Status LED 6. Power Button 7. Lanyard Loop

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, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Overview 8 Identifying the device name The device name is printed on the back label of the device. The default name is a combination of the hardware revision (Revision 8 in the example below), and the last 4 digits of the Bluetooth address (DC:33 in the example above). Device Name 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Getting Started 9 Getting Started This section covers how to get up and running with your new IDBLUE R8.HF, including charging, device usage, and Bluetooth configuration. Charging the IDBLUE R8.HF Device Please ensure that IDBLUE R8.HF is fully charged before each use. Before initial use, the device must be charged for at least 2 hours. Subsequent recharging should take a maximum of 1 to 1.5 hours typically. Use the supplied USB cable to charge IDBLUE R8.HF, making sure to use a high power USB port on a laptop/PC/hub. IMPORTANT You must install the IDBLUE R8.HF USB driver in order for your device to charge properly. Please download the driver at:

http://www.idblue.com/media/10176/idbluehf.inf IDBLUE R8.HF will not charge with a 100mA USB charge source when it is turned on as the device draws more current than is provided. Although a dedicated USB wall charger is not provided, any USB 2.0 compliant charger is compatible. Using IDBLUE R8.HF This section covers the basic operations for using IDBLUE R8.HF, including turning the device on and off, and how to use the devices user interface to read RFID tags. Turning the device on Turn on IDBLUE R8.HF by pressing and holding the power button for approximately 2 seconds. When the device is powered on, the rear LED will turn green. At this point you can release the rear button while the device finishes powering up. Once the device has powered up, the device will emit two high tones and both the device status LED and the RFID Status LED will display two green flashes. Please refer to Table 5 : User Feedback on Events to review all LED feedback. Turning the device off There are a number of methods with which to shut down IDBLUE R8.HF. 1. The device may be manually shut down by pressing and holding the power button, found on the rear of the device for at least 2 seconds. This is the recommended method 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Getting Started 10 to shut down the device. In this case, the device will emit two high tones and the device status LED will display two green flashes before shutting down. 2. Each IDBLUE R8.HF has a Device Timeout setting that causes the device to automatically power down after a period of inactivity (where inactivity is defined as a period of time with no button press or commands sent to the device from a connected application). Set your device timeout to a suitable value for your application. The device timeout can be set under the Basic Device Settings using IDBLUE Manager. IDBLUE R8.HF may be shut down via a command sent from a connected application, such as IDBLUE Manager. 3. For more information about IDBLUE Manager, the standard configuration and management application for IDBLUE R8.HF, please refer to IDBLUE Manager Users Guide. Reading and Writing RFID Tags IDBLUE R8.HF can perform a wide range of RFID related operations, including scanning tags, reading and writing data to/from RFID tags, etc. All of these operations are typically driven by pressing and releasing the action button. By default, IDBLUE R8.HF is shipped to you in Tag Verify mode (Please see Table 1 :

Disconnected Mode Options for different operating modes). This mode will allow you to become more familiar with the device, ensure it is working properly, and check tag compatibility. Scanning a tag 1. Ensure that the device is powered on and ready for use. 2. Press and release the action button on IDBLUE R8.HF. 3. The RFID Status LED will change to blue to indicate that the device is busy

(i.e. attempting to scan RFID tags). 4. Move the tip of the IDBLUE device close to the tag the optimal read range for most tags will be 2-3 cm. 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Getting Started 11 5. Upon a successful tag read, the device will emit a high tone and the RFID Status LED will flash green 6. If the device cannot find the tag before the operation times out, the RFID Status LED will flash red. Note: the default RFID timeout value is four (4) seconds. This value can be configured using IDBLUE Manager. NOTE: Unless specifically noted otherwise, to press the button on the IDBLUE device means to press and release the button. 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Communication 12 Device Communication Physical Connections Firmware versions 4.1.0.98 and above support both Bluetooth1 and USB communication mechanisms. IDBLUE R8.HF is considered physically connected when the device is plugged into a computer via a USB cable and/or there is an established Bluetooth connection. It is possible to be physically connected via both USB and Bluetooth simultaneously. A low to high audio tone is emitted when a physical connection is established, and a high to low audio tone is emitted when a physical connection is dropped. During a Bluetooth connection, the device status LED will switch from Magenta to Cyan to indicate the transition from a connectable to physically connected state. However, the device status LED will remain Magenta for a USB connection to distinguish between a USB and Bluetooth physical connection.. Please refer to Table 5 : User Feedback on Events to review all audio and LED feedback. Logical Connections IDBLUE R8.HF is considered logically connected when there is a logical channel established to a host application. IDBLUE R8.HF will allow only one logical connection at a time. Once a logical connection is established over one of the physical channels, IDBLUE will prevent another logical connection via the other physical channel. In the case of establishing a logical USB connection, the IDBLUE R8.HF device will actually disable Bluetooth and drop any current physical connection. The device status LED will switch from Cyan to Blue when a logical connection is established, but no audio feedback is provided. Please refer to Table 5 : User Feedback on Events to review all audio and LED feedback. Bluetooth Discoverable Mode When attempting to first configure IDBLUE R8.HF to connect to a host, Bluetooth Discoverable Mode must be used. In this mode, IDBLUE R8.HF broadcasts its available services so that a host computer can discover and connect to it. To place the IDBLUE R8.HF device in Bluetooth Discoverable mode, press and release the power button of the device when the device is in connectable mode (Flashing Magenta). Once in Discoverable mode, the device status LED will flash Blue while it is waiting for a Bluetooth physical connection to be established. IDBLUE R8.HF will return to the previous mode if no connection is established within the Discovery timeout (60 seconds), or will indicate a physical connection if a Bluetooth connect is established. 1 Connecting an IDBLUE R8.HF with firmware version 4.1.1.2 or earlier to a computer running Windows Vista SP2 or Windows 7 requires the user to manually pair IDBLUE R8.HF from Bluetooth Devices configuration available from the Windows Control Panel (Classic View). 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Configuration 13 Bluetooth Name and PIN Code IDBLUE R8.HF comes pre-configured with a device name (as printed on the label on the bottom of the device). This is the Bluetooth name that will identify the device on a Bluetooth network. It also comes pre-configured with a PIN code (sometimes referred to as a pass code); this is a security feature that will only allow you to connect to IDBLUE R8.HF if the PIN code is known. Note: The default factory pin code is 0000 Renaming IDBLUE R8.HF to your own specification or naming scheme is recommended. Please refer to IDBLUE Managers Guide for details on how to rename IDBLUE R8.HF. Note: Press and release the power button to re-enable Bluetooth when it is disabled. Device Configuration This section covers the basic configuration options for IDBLUE R8.HF. These options are typically updated using either IDBLUE Manager or a custom application; please consult IDBLUE Manager Users Guide for more information on how to configure these settings. IDBLUE Factory Default Settings The following lists all of the factory default property settings for IDBLUE R8.HF device:

Block Count = 1 Block Data = 00000000 Block Index = 0 Bluetooth Timeout = 0 minutes (disabled) Connected Mode = TagID Continuous Scanning = False Continuous Scanning Timeout = 16 seconds Device Timeout = 10 minutes Disconnected Mode = Tag Verify Duplicate Elimination Timeout = 0 (no duplicate elimination) Hold To Scan = True 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Configuration 14 IDBLUE Name = IDBLUE_R8<last 4 digits of Bluetooth MAC address>

RFID Protocol = ISO15693 RFID Timeout = 4 seconds Timestamp Required = True 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Configuration 15 Operating Modes Disconnected Operating Mode The disconnected operating mode setting defines what happens when IDBLUE R8.HF does not have an established Bluetooth connection to a host, and the Action button is pressed. The disconnected mode options are:

Disconnected Mode Tag Verify Tag Store Description The device will read a Tag ID and not store any information. This function is offered to simply verify that a tag is compatible with the device. The device will store the Tag ID, a timestamp, and first byte of data in non-volatile memory. This information can be later retrieved using IDBLUE Manager or other equivalent software. Table 1 : Disconnected Mode Options Note: IDBLUE will only read tags in Tag Store mode if the devices on-board clock has been set. The IDBLUE clock will be set from the factory, however if the IDBLUE battery is completely drained, the device will lose its clock. In this case, the device will need to be synchronized with a host. If the clock is not set, when the button is pressed in this mode the RFID status LED will flash double-yellow. Connected Operating Mode The connected operating mode setting defines what happens when IDBLUE R8.HF has an established USB or Bluetooth connection to a PC or PocketPC device, and the Action button is pressed. These modes are used by application developers to customize the behaviour of IDBLUE R8.HF to different types of applications and workflows. The connected mode options are:

Connected Mode Reactive (Button Press) Select Tag ID Read Block Read Multiple Blocks Write Block Description The device will send a button press event back to the host, where the host decides what command to execute. This mode is typically used by application developers. The device will read the Tag ID and send this Tag ID back to the host. This is the default mode. The device will read the Tag ID and the data in a single block and send this information back to the host. The device will read the Tag ID and data from a series of blocks, and send this information back to the host. The device will read the Tag ID of a tag, write a single block of data to the tag, then send the Tag ID back to the host. Table 2 : Connected Mode Options 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Device Configuration 16 Power Saving Settings Device Timeout The device timeout is a power saving feature that allows IDBLUE R8.HF to automatically shut down after a pre-defined period of inactivity. Inactivity is defined as a period of time (in minutes) with no button press (during connected or disconnected operating modes) or no commands sent to the device from a connected application. The default value of this setting is 10 minutes, but may be adjusted to best suit your application using IDBLUE Manager. Setting the Device Timeout to 0 will prevent IDBLUE R8.HF from automatically shutting down. RFID Operation Timeout The RFID timeout setting controls how the device performs when attempting to read an RFID tag. This setting is the length of time (in seconds) that the device will attempt to perform an RFID operation before timing out. It is recommended that you not exceed the default four (4) second setting in order to conserve battery life. Bluetooth Timeout The Bluetooth timeout is a power saving feature that shuts down the Bluetooth module when the device is in disconnected mode. This setting is the length of time (in minutes) after which the Bluetooth module will shutdown if there is no user interaction with the device (i.e. no button press). The default value for this option is zero (0) minutes, meaning that the Bluetooth module on-

board IDBLUE R8.HF will not timeout and shutdown, but should be adjusted to 1 minute if the device is primarily used in disconnected mode RFID Protocols Firmware version 4.1.0.98 will support only ISO156932. Further protocols will be available in future releases. General Settings This section covers some of the general settings and features of the device. 2 Reading and writing to ISO 15693 tags is only supported for tags with a block structure of 4 bytes per block. Unsupported tags for reading and writing include STMicroelectronics LRI64 (1 byte per block) and EM Microelctronic (8 bytes per block) tags. 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide User Feedback 17 Audio Buzzer IDBLUE R8.HF is equipped with an audio buzzer to provide feedback to the user. The user may enable or disable the audio buzzer using IDBLUE Manager. When the buzzer is enabled, the user will hear an audible tone upon a successful operation, as well as unique tones on various state changes. Please see Table 5 : User Feedback on Events for more information on the audio feedback. To conserve battery power, the user may disable the audio buzzer under Basic Device Settings of IDBLUE Manager. On-board Clock IDBLUE R8.HF has an internal real time clock to allow time stamping of each tag scan. This clock is set from the factory and under normal use does not need to be reset. However, in the case where the battery on IDBLUE R8.HF is completely drained, the device will lose its clock setting and will need to be synchronized with IDBLUE Manager or other similar host application. Performing a device reset In the unlikely event IDBLUE R8.HF becomes unresponsive, it will be necessary to perform a device reset. To reset the device, press and hold both the power button and the action button simultaneously for at least 3 seconds. While holding both buttons, the reading status and device status LEDs will display a solid cyan color. When both of these LEDs turn off, the device has performed a reset. Release both buttons. To power the device back up and continue using it press and hold the rear button for 2 seconds. User Feedback This section details how the user interface elements of IDBLUE R8.HF respond to different events and device states. IDBLUE R8.HF provides user feedback through three different methods:

1. Device Status LED Provides feedback on battery level and communication status. 2. RFID Status LED Provides feedback on RFID related events 3. Audio Buzzer Provides feedback on RFID and transition events Device Status LED The device status LED displays the status of the power and communications of the device. The patterns of colors displayed will differ depending on if the device is on or off, and charging or not charging. Not Charging When on but not charging, the device status LED default value is off, and will flash two consecutive colors in a continuous pattern. The first flash indicates power (battery level) and the 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide User Feedback 18 second communication. The color of each of these flashes will indicate the various states as shown below:

Device Status Comms Disabled Good Battery Comms Disabled Medium Battery Comms Disabled Low Battery Connectable Good Battery Connectable Medium Battery Connectable Low Battery USB Physically Connected Good Battery USB Physically Connected Medium Battery USB Physically Connected Low Battery Bluetooth Physically Connected Good Battery Bluetooth Physically Connected Medium Battery Bluetooth Physically Connected Low Battery Logically Connected Good Battery Logically Connected Medium Battery Logically Connected Low Battery Off Power Color Communication Color Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red None None None None Magenta Magenta Magenta Magenta Magenta Magenta Cyan Cyan Cyan Blue Blue Blue None Table 3 : Device Status LED When Not Charging Charging When charging, the power LED is normally on, and will flash a single color. The solid color indicates the current charge level of the battery and the second will indicate the communication status as shown below:

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, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide User Feedback 19 Device Status Comms Disabled Good Battery Comms Disabled Medium Battery Comms Disabled Low Battery Connectable Good Battery Connectable Medium Battery Connectable Low Battery USB Physically Connected Good Battery USB Physically Connected Medium Battery USB Physically Connected Low Battery Bluetooth Physically Connected Good Battery Bluetooth Physically Connected Medium Battery Bluetooth Physically Connected Low Battery Logically Connected Good Battery Logically Connected Medium Battery Logically Connected Low Battery Off Power Color Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Yellow Red Green Table 4 : Device Status LED When Charging Communication Color None None None Magenta Magenta Magenta Magenta Magenta Magenta Cyan Cyan Cyan Blue Blue Blue None Bluetooth Discoverable When IDBLUE R8.HF is in Bluetooth Discoverable mode, the device status LED pattern will flash blue to indicate this unique state. The LED pattern will return to either the charging or not charging states after the Discovery timeout (60 seconds) or if IDBLUE R8.HF is connected via Bluetooth, whichever occurs first. RFID Status LED The Reading Status LED will display feedback on RFID operations. See Table 5 : User Feedback on Events. Audio Buzzer The audio buzzer will provide audio feedback on various connection and RFID events. See Table 5 : User Feedback on Events. Events The following table should be used as a reference to identify an event. 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide User Feedback 20 Event Power On (Startup) Power On (Ready) Power Off Physical Bluetooth Connection Established Physical Bluetooth Connection Dropped Physical USB Connection Established Physical USB Connection Dropped Logical Connection Established Logical Connection Dropped Action Button Pressed RFID Operation Success RFID Operation Failure Tag Store Invalid Clock Power Button Press and Hold Power + Action Button Press and Hold Audio Buzzer None Two High Tones Two High Tones Low to High Transition High to Low Transition Low to High Transition High to Low Transition None None None High Tone None None None RFID Status LED None Two Green Flashes None None None None None None None Solid Blue Green Flash Red Flash Two Yellow Flashes None Device Status LED Solid Green Two Green Flashes Two Green Flashes Blue Flash and Communication Flash Sequence = Cyan Green Flash and Communication Flash Sequence = Magenta None None Communication Flash Sequence

= Blue Communication Flash Sequence

= Cyan/Magenta None None None None Solid Cyan (for 2 sec) None Solid Cyan (for 3 sec) Solid Cyan (for 3 sec) Table 5 : User Feedback on Events 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Demo Applications 21 Demo Applications Please visit http://www.idblue.com/support/downloads.aspx for a list of available demo applications. 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide FCC Disclaimer 22 FCC Disclaimer English This device complies with FCC Part 15 and Industry Canada license-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Warning! Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the manufacturer could void the user's authority to operate this equipment French Ce dispositif est conforme la norme FCC Partie 15 et Industrie Canada exempts de licence standard RSS (s). L'opration est soumise aux deux conditions suivantes: (1) cetappareil ne peut pas provoquer d'interfrences et (2) cet appareil doit accepter toute interfrence, y compris les interfrences qui peuvent causer un mauvais fonctionnement de l'appareil. Attention! Les changements ou modifications non expressment approuvs par le fabricantpourrait annuler l'autorisation de l'utilisateur utiliser cet quipement 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F IDBLUE R8.HF Users Guide Troubleshooting 23 Troubleshooting For the most up-to-date FAQ and other support information, please consult IDBLUE R8.HF support website at:

http://www.idblue.com/support.aspx When contacting IDBLUE Support, please ensure that you have the following information available in order to streamline the resolution process:

IDBLUE serial # (Bluetooth address) IDBLUE firmware version (Found under Update Firmware in IDBLUE Manager) Bluetooth hardware information o Vendor (e.g. DLink) o Model number (e.g. DBT-120 B4) o Bluetooth stack type and version Device make and model for PocketPC devices and laptop / TabletPCs. Any error messages, or screenshots of error messages that you have encountered. 0 1 0 2

, 3 y r a u r b e F Contact Information For more information about IDBLUE R8.HF and other IDBLUE products and services:

http://www.idblue.com/products.aspx Email: sales@idblue.com Phone: +1 (709) 754-7343 Fax: +1 (709) 754-7349 http://www.idblue.com/support.aspx Phone: +1 (866) 304-7343 Ext. 322

+1 (709) 754-7343 Ext. 322 IDBLUE 100 Signal Hill Road, The Lower Tower St. Johns, NL, Canada A1A 1B3 IDBLUE Product Page IDBLUE Sales IDBLUE Support General Inquiries:

Copyright 2005 - 2010 Cathexis Innovations Inc. All Rights Reserved. Cathexis Innovations Inc. assumes no responsibility for any errors which may appear in this document, reserves the right to change systems or specifications detailed herein at any time without notice, and does not make any commitment to update the information contained herein. No licenses to patents or other intellectual property of Cathexis are granted by the Company in connection with the sale of Cathexis products, expressly or by implication. All specifications are subject to change without notice. Cathexis, IDBLUE, and Mobile.RFID.Solutions are either registered trademarks or trademarks of Cathexis Innovations Inc. in Canada and/or other countries. The Bluetooth name and Bluetooth registered trademarks are owned by Bluetooth SIG, Inc. Microsoft, Windows, and the Windows logo are trademarks or registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and/or other countries.