MRF450 User Manual U115.0.0 User Manual for MRF450 4 April 2019 2019 Cervis, Inc. Module MRF450 This document is the property of Cervis, Inc. and cannot be copied, modified, e-mailed, or reproduced without the express prior written consent of Cervis, Inc. Cervis, Inc. reserves the right to change this manual or edit, delete, or modify any information without prior notification. FCC Statements 15.19 Two Part Warning This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1)
(2) This device may not cause harmful interference and This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. 15.21 Unauthorized Modification NOTICE: The manufacturer is not responsible for any unauthorized modifications to this equipment made by the user. Such modifications could void the users authority to operate the equipment. 15.27 Special Accessories This device is supplied with special accessories that include an RF adapter cable and antenna. These special accessories must be used with the device. It is the responsibility of the user to use the needed special accessories supplied with the equipment. 15.105(b) Note:
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. Industry Canada Statements RSS-GEN 7.1.2 Transmitter Antenna / Antenne de L'metteur Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) is not more than that necessary for successful communication. Conformment la rglementation d'Industrie Canada, le prsent metteur radio peut fonctionner avec une antenne d'un type et d'un gain maximal (ou infrieur) approuv pour l'metteur par Industrie Canada. Dans le but de rduire les risques de brouillage radiolectrique l'intention des autres utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son gain de sorte que la puissance isotrope rayonne quivalente (p.i.r.e.) ne dpasse pas l'intensit ncessaire l'tablissement d'une communication satisfaisante. This radio transmitter 7955A-SRF309 has been approved by Industry Canada to operate with the antenna types listed below with the maximum permissible gain and required antenna impedance for each antenna type indicated. Antenna types not included in this list, having a gain greater than the maximum gain indicated for that type, are strictly prohibited for use with this device. Le prsent metteur radio 7955A-SRF309 a t approuv par Industrie Canada pour fonctionner avec les types d'antenne numrs ci-dessous et ayant un gain admissible maximal et l'impdance requise pour chaque type d'antenne. Les types d'antenne non inclus dans cette liste, ou dont le gain est suprieur au gain maximal indiqu, sont strictement interdits pour l'exploitation de l'metteur. Approved Antenna List / Liste Antenne Approuv Manufacturer Nearson Or Equivalent Part Number L324TR-440 Or Equivalent Stock Number J5-11 Gain Impedance
+0dBi peak 50 Ohm RSS-GEN 7.1.3 Notice / Dlai This device complies with Industry Canada licence-exempt RSS standard(s). Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) this device may not cause interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference, including interference that may cause undesired operation of the device. Le prsent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorise aux deux conditions suivantes : (1) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et (2) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radiolectrique subi, mme si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement. User Manual Table of Contents Table of Contents .......................................................................................................................... i List of Figures ............................................................................................................................... i List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. i Cervis, Inc. Safety Precautions .................................................................................................. 1 1.0 MRF450 Introduction ........................................................................................................... 2 1.1 MRF450 Features .............................................................................................................. 2 1.2 MRF450 Pinouts ................................................................................................................ 3 2.0 MRF450 Installation ............................................................................................................. 5 3.0 MRF450 Tune-up Procedure ............................................................................................... 6 4.0 MRF450 Electrical Characteristics ..................................................................................... 7 4.1 Supply Voltage and Current ............................................................................................ 7 4.2 Operating Current ............................................................................................................. 7 4.3 SPI ...................................................................................................................................... 7 5.0 MRF450RF Characteristics ................................................................................................. 8 5.1 General RF Information .................................................................................................... 8 List of Figures Figure 1. MRF450 RTM Section Front .......................................................................................... 3 Figure 2. MRF450 RTM Section Back ........................................................................................... 3 Figure 3. 16000300 PCB Assembly, Component Side with Shield and Label. ........................ 4 List of Tables Table 1. 16000300 PCB (MRF450 Type 4) Interface Signals ...................................................... 3 2019 Cervis, Inc. i Notes and Observations Module MRF450 ii U115.0.0-MRF450 User Manual User Manual Cervis, Inc. Safety Precautions Read and follow all instructions. Failure to abide by Safety Precautions may cause equipment failure, loss of authority to operate the equipment, and personal injury. Use and maintain proper wiring. Follow equipment manufacturer instructions. Improper, loose, and frayed wiring can cause system failure, equipment damage, and intermittent operation. Changes or modifications made to equipment not expressly approved by the manufacturer will void the warranty. Equipment owner/operators must abide by all applicable Federal, State, and Local laws concerning equipment installation and operation. Failure to comply could result in penalties and could void user authority to operate the equipment. Make sure that the machinery and surrounding area is clear before operating. Do not activate a remote control system until certain that it is safe to do so. Turn off the module power before attempting any maintenance. This will prevent accidental operation of the controlled machinery. Do not allow liquid to enter the module enclosure. Do not use high-pressure equipment to clean the module. Operate and store units only within the specified operation and storage temperatures defined in this documents Specifications section. 1.0 MRF450 Introduction Module MRF450 The MRF450 receive/transmit module (RTM) is:
Based on a Silicon Labs Si4464 single-chip radio frequency (RF) transceiver integrated circuit (RFIC). Integrated into Cervis, Inc. products, providing wireless RF connectivity. Interoperable with various other Cervis, Inc. RTMs that use the same modulation and message data structure. Interoperability with non-Cervis, Inc. RTMswhile possibleis not supported. Most commonly applied in half-duplex master/slave systems: the master transmits a message to a slave, the slave transmits a reply to the master. Other operating modes are possible, if applicable rules and regulations are not violated. Realized as a solder-down leadless printed circuit board (PCB) module (part number 16000300). The Type 4 form factor is a unique, proprietary mechanical design. The module:
Operates in the 450 MHz to 470 MHz frequency range, with a maximum conducted RF transmit power of +16.07dBm (40mW) at the antenna port. Generates RF signals similar to the Zigbee standard: IEEE 802.15.4-2006. The modulation method is 4-Gaussian frequency shift keying (4-GFSK). Has internal control registers that the host application can access via a serial peripheral interface (SPI) bus. These registers control all aspects of how the RTM is used, which must comply with all applicable rules and regulations. 1.1 MRF450 Features Industry Canada (IC) Certified United States Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Part 90.231 and 15 Certified 450470 MHz Operation, including sidebands Selectable Channels in 100 KHz steps 4-Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (4-GFSK) modulation 12 kbps Data Rate Up to +16.07dBm peak Conducted Output Power SPI host interface Simple power requirements: 3.03.3V low noise regulated, 25100mA IEEE 802.15.4-2006 messaging 2 U115.0.0-MRF450 User Manual User Manual Figure 1. MRF450 RTM Section Front Figure 2. MRF450 RTM Section Back 1.2 MRF450 Pinouts Table 1 lists the MRF450 RTM interface signals. Table 1. MRF450 Type 4 Interface Signals Signal Type Name SPI_CLK SPI data clock in GND Ground MISO SPI data out MOSI SPI data in RF_SLP_TR RFIC control
/RF_RST RFIC reset
/RF_CS RFIC chip select RF_IRQ RFIC interrupt output RF1_3VD
+3.03.3V RF1_3VA
+3.03.3V RF_PAEN Enable external PA RF_HGM/BPA Enable external LNA or Read BPA jumper Description Clock from SPI master Low impedance ground Data from SPI slave Data from SPI master Multipurpose control signal from master Active Low from SPI master Active Low from SPI master Input to SPI master RF and logic power. Low noise 100mA max. RF analog power. Low noise 25mA max. Active High from SPI master Function not used in MRF450 Input to SPI master 2019 Cervis, Inc. 3 Name RF Port Signal Type Antenna connection Description 50-Ohm RF In/Out port Module MRF450 The P/N 16000300 PCB assembly includes all circuits and features required to properly implement the MRF450 Type 4. Figure 3. MRF450 RTM, Front Side with Shield and Label. Type 4 Module Application Engineering The Type 4 module requires the host application to provide:
Suitable mechanical and electrical mounting Control and power signals An approved antenna that is properly mounted A proper RF transmission line to connect the modules RF port to the antenna feed port Provision Mounting Description This module must be mounted over a ground plane that extends at least 8mm from the RF shield edges. All connections between the host application and the module must be soldered. Control and Power Signals All power, ground, and control signal connections listed in Table 1except RF Transmission Line Grounding RF_HGM/BPAmust be made. The RF connection between the module RF port and the antenna feed port must have a nominal 50-Ohm impedance, have low insertion loss, and be as short as practical. Microstrip transmission line may be implemented as part of the host PCB. Coaxial cable may be used to connect the module to an external antenna. Coaxial cable can be attached either with a suitable connector or may be directly soldered to where the host PCB attaches to the modules RF port. If a replaceable external antenna is used, the user-accessible external connection must be a unique type, such as RP-TNC or RP-SMA. The MRF450 module must be connected to a good RF ground plane that is part of the host circuit board. 4 U115.0.0-MRF450 User Manual User Manual 2.0 MRF450 Installation When integrating an MRF450 RTM in a host application, the host applications user manual must include all text in the FCC Statements and Industry Canada Statements (see this manuals Forward Material). The text must not be modified in any way and presented in a conspicuous manner that the end user can be reasonably expected to see. When integrating the MRF450 RTM into host application hardware, users must properly connect all the circuitsexcept RF_HGM/BPAidentified in Table 1 to suitable host application signals. The host application firmware must properly control the RTM to ensure that emitted RF signals comply with all applicable regulatory approvals. The MRF450 RTM is always used with an included, approved antenna type either internal fixed or external replaceable. If a fixed internal antenna is included as part of the RTMs host application, the hosts on-board coaxial cable connectors are not populated, and a direct connection is made to the internal antenna. If an external antenna is included as part of the RTMs host application, one of the hosts on-board coaxial cable connectors is populated, and a coaxial cable connection is made to the external antenna port. The host application designer chooses the particular type of coaxial connector that is installed. The internal coaxial cable connector is not accessible to users; so it does not need to be unique. When included, external replaceable antennas always have a unique connector, such as RP-N, RP-SMA, RP-BNC, or RP-TNC. Use a suitable internal coaxial cable jumper with appropriate connectors to connect the MRF450 RTM host application external antenna port to the external antenna. A particular host applications details influences the jumper coaxial cable design, but the external connector must always be an acceptable, unique type. The coaxial cable used to make the jumper between the MRF450 RTM and the external antenna mounting port must be suitable for use in the 450470 MHz band and have 50-Ohm impedance. While a low loss cable such as an RG-316 is suggested, other cable models may be used if the signal loss is small. External coaxial cables may be used to help mount a replaceable external antenna in a more useful location. Such cabling must have appropriate unique connectors throughout and must be made from low loss 50-Ohm coaxial cable. Cables equivalent to LMR-195 are suitable for lengths up to 30 feet. Longer cables must have suitably lower signal loss, typically using larger cable such as LMR-240, LMR-300, or larger (or equivalent). At some point, a practical limit is reached where losses in extension cables negate any gains from relocating the antenna. 2019 Cervis, Inc. 5 3.0 MRF450 Tune-up Procedure Module MRF450 Proper RF operation requires tuning the RFIC crystal oscillator. The RFIC includes a digital mechanism to adjust the crystal oscillator balancing capacitance. The host firmware must include a mechanism to access and adjust the tuning values. All Cervis, Inc. products that use the MRF450 RTM include a special operational bit that, when set, enters an interactive tuning mode. In the tuning mode, the RFIC is set to output a constant carrier signal at a specified frequency (default = 460 MHz). Operators observe the constant carrier signal on a suitable device, such as a calibrated frequency counter or spectrum analyzer. If the displayed frequency is too low, increase the tune value; and if the frequency is too high, decrease the tune value. Repeat this operation until the constant carrier is exact. Then, write the tuning value into non-volatile memory, and clear the tuning bit. 6 U115.0.0-MRF450 User Manual User Manual 4.0 MRF450 Electrical Characteristics 4.1 Supply Voltage and Current The MRF450 RTM (the components under the RF shield) requires the host application to include a low noiselinear regulator instead of a switching regulatorregulated 3.03.3 VDC source that can provide 20mA without losing regulation. The RTM does not provide under-voltage, over-
voltage, or reverse polarity protection; so use caution when applying power. All external connection points designated as signal GND should be connected to the host application GND circuit to maintain as low a resistive and reactive impedance as practical. The PCB hosting the RTM should be fabricated with low impedance copper floods that connect to GND. The grounded copper area around the RTM must extend at least 8mm on all sides of the RTM. The MRF450 RTM can safely operate with a supply voltage over the range of 3.03.3V with minimal changes in RF performance. Testing was performed at 3.3V, the preferred supply voltage. 4.2 Operating Current The MRF450 RTM has four primary operating conditions that draw differing amounts of current from to 3.03.3V power source:
Condition Off PLL_ON RX TX Description RTM is powered down RTM is ready to transmit or receive ~5mA RTM is receiving a message
~25mA
~25100mA RTM is transmitting a message Depending on TX output power Current Load Minimal load 4.3 SPI Description The serial data clock from the SPI master; must be less than 8 MHz Serial data from the SPI master Serial data from the SPI slave Chip select from the SPI master The SPI between the RTM (slave) and the host application (master) microcontroller requires four signals:
Name SCLK MOSI MISO RF_CS The host application microcontroller must establish the SPI controller setting to be compatible with the SPI timing specified by the RFIC data sheet (see Section 5.1). 2019 Cervis, Inc. 7 5.0 MRF450RF Characteristics 5.1 General RF Information Module MRF450 The RFIC used in the MRF450 RTM implements proprietary RF modulation modes. Details may be found in the Silicon Labs Si4464 RFIC data sheet:
https://www.silabs.com/documents/public/data-sheets/Si4464-63-61-60.pdf MRF450 RTM modulation type = 4-GFSK. Data rate = 12 kbps. 8 U115.0.0-MRF450 User Manual User Manual Visit our Web site at: www.cervisinc.com 2019 Cervis, Inc. All rights reserved. Content is subject to change without notice.