FCC ID: QISCBTS3612-800 CDMA Base Station

 

User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 Overview ......................................................................................................................................1-1 1.1 Purposes of cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance............................................................1-1 1.2 Classification of cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance Operations ...................................1-1 1.2.1 Classification According to Implementing Methods.................................................1-1 1.2.2 Classification by Period Length ...............................................................................1-1 1.3 Guide to the Usage of cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance records and cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance Instructions............................................................................................1-2 1.3.1 cBTS3612-800 Daily Unexpected Fault Handling Record ......................................1-3 1.3.2 cBTS3612-800 Monthly Maintenance Record.........................................................1-4 1.3.3 cBTS3612-800 Quarterly Maintenance Record ......................................................1-5 1.3.4 cBTS3612-800 Yearly Maintenance Record ...........................................................1-6 2 cBTS3612-800 Monthly Maintenance Instructions ..................................................................2-1 3 Quarterly Maintenance Instructions .........................................................................................3-1 4 cBTS3612-800 Yearly Maintenance Instructions .....................................................................4-1 5 Return Loss, VSWR and Reflection Coefficient ......................................................................5-1 03Q-0112-20020720-120 i User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 Overview 1 Overview cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance Instructions describes in details the contents and methods of cBTS3612-800 routine maintenance operations. It serves as a reference in determining the routine maintenance schedule of a particular site. cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance consists of:

1) Purpose of cBTS3612-800 routine maintenance;

2) Classification of cBTS3612-800 routine maintenance operations;

3) Logging of routine maintenance operations. 1.1 Purposes of cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance Normal system operation of cBTS3612-800 in different running environment depends on effective routine maintenance. cBTS3612-800 routine maintenance is intended to detect and solve problems in due time to prevent trouble. 1.2 Classification of cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance Operations 1.2.1 Classification According to Implementing Methods I. Conventional maintenance To observe the operation of the system, and test and analyze equipment performance during system operation. II. Unconventional maintenance To test if the performance of system equipment has degraded by artificially creating some faults and observe system performance with these faults. For example, maintenance personnel may artificially create some faults and test if the alarm system reports alarm correctly. 1.2.2 Classification by Period Length I. Unscheduled maintenance Maintenance operations incurred by equipment fault or network adjustment. For example, maintenance tasks triggered by user complaint, damage of equipment and 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 Overview line fault. Solving of problems left over by daily maintenance operations is also regarded as unscheduled maintenance operation. II. Daily maintenance Maintenance tasks conducted daily. cBTS3612-800 Daily maintenance helps maintenance personnel keep track of the operating conditions of the equipment at any moment so that problems can be solved in time. When a problem is detected in daily maintenance, record it in detail to help eliminate it in time. III. Periodical maintenance Maintenance tasks conducted regularly. Periodical maintenance helps maintenance personnel keep track of the long-term performance of the equipment. Periodical maintenance includes: monthly maintenance, quarterly maintenance and yearly maintenance. 1.3 Guide to the Usage of cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance records and cBTS3612-800 Routine Maintenance Instructions 1) Note down in details the unexpected faults occurred in cBTS3612-800 daily maintenance operations in cBTS3612-800 Daily Unexpected Fault Handling Record for future reference. The user may modify the record according to the actual needs, or compile the records into manuals. 2) Note down in details the actual maintenance operations carried out during cBTS3612-800 monthly maintenance in cBTS3612-800 Monthly Maintenance Record. For details, see cBTS 3612 Monthly Maintenance Operation Instruction. 3) Note down in details the actual maintenance operations carried out during cBTS3612-800 quarterly maintenance in cBTS Quarterly Maintenance Record. For details, see cBTS 3612 Quarterly Maintenance Operation Instruction. 4) Note down in details the actual maintenance operations carried out during cBTS3612-800 yearly maintenance in cBTS3612-800 Yearly Maintenance Record. For details, see cBTS 3612 Yearly Maintenance Operation Instruction. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 Overview 1.3.1 cBTS3612-800 Daily Unexpected Fault Handling Record Site Time when fault occurred:

Person on duty:

Classification of fault:

Belong-to BSC Time when fault is solved:

Handled by:

CDU/DFU/RLDU Subrack Antenna & Feeder System Others Primary power supply Secondary power supply Base Band Subrack RF Subrack Fault detected:

? With user complaint ? From the alarm system

? In Daily maintenance ? From other sources Description of fault:

Alarm Handling & Result:

03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-3

User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.3.2 cBTS3612-800 Monthly Maintenance Record 1 Overview Site: _______________ Time of maintenance:____(MM)_____(DD)_____(YY) ____(MM)____(DD)____(YY) Maintainer:

Items Status Remarks Maintenance personnel

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal Environment Temperature Humidity Dust-proof performance Indoor air-conditioner Call test Battery group Grounding, lightening protection and power supply system RF antenna and feeder part Satellite antenna and feeder part Secondary power supply Description of fault and handling measures taken Problems remained Monitor check 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.3.3 cBTS3612-800 Quarterly Maintenance Record 1 Overview Site: _______________ Time of maintenance:____(MM)_____(DD)_____(YY) ____(MM)____(DD)____(YY) Items Primary power supply Fans Road test Alarm collection equipment Maintainer:

Status

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal Remarks When available Maintenance personnel Description of fault and handling measures taken Problems remained Monitor check 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.3.4 cBTS3612-800 Yearly Maintenance Record Site: _______________ Time of maintenance:____(MM)_____(DD)_____(YY) ____(MM)____(DD)____(YY) Maintainer:

1 Overview Items Status Remarks Maintenance personnel

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal

Normal, Abnormal Call test Cabinet sanitation BTS power output Grounding resistance and grounding wires Water-proof performance of antenna and feeder connector and lightening protection grounding clip Firmness and angle of antenna Description of fault and handling measures taken Problems remained Monitor check 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 cBTS3612-800 Monthly Maintenance Instructions 2 cBTS3612-800 Monthly Maintenance Instructions Items Instructions Note Call test Grounding, lightening protection system (including E1 lightening protection board) and power supply system Antenna and feeder part Secondary power supply Make calls with an MS. Collect information at both the MS and the BSC to see if all calls are normal for all sector carriers. 1) Check the connections in the grounding system and the lightening protection system. 2) Check if the power supply system is normal. 3) Check if any part of the lightening protector is burnt. 1) Check if there is any VSWR alarms;

2) Check if the support of the antenna is set to the correct direction;

3) Check if the water-proof performance of the feeder is normal. Check if there is any alarm on the fault of the secondary power supply module. There should be no noise, no call dropping, nor cross talking. Keep the lightening protector for the power supply system and the antenna and feeder system in good shape. Query at the maintenance console. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Quarterly Maintenance Instructions 3 Quarterly Maintenance Instructions Items Instructions Primary power supply Measure the output voltage. 1) Check if the fans are working normally. 2) Check if there is any alarm reported on the fault of fans. Note Range of normal output voltage: -40- 60V. Alarm may be triggered when:

1) Some of the fans are unable to rotate;

2) Temperature of some of the fans is abnormal;

3) Fan rotational speed control is faulty. Test on the handoff and coverage area of the cells with a test MS. Check at the maintenance console if there is any VSWR alarms. Check if the alarm collection equipment (including that on humidity, temperature and fire) is normal. Check the temperature, humidity, dust-proof performance, and anti-static performance of the equipment room. Temperature: -5 C~50 C. Relative humidity: 5%~90%. Fans Road test VSWR Alarm collection equipment Equipment room environment 03Q-0112-20020720-120 3-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 4 cBTS3612-800 Yearly Maintenance Instructions 4 cBTS3612-800 Yearly Maintenance Instructions Items Call test Instructions Make calls with an MS. Collect information at both the MS and the BSC to see if all calls are normal for all sector carriers. Cabinet sanitation Tools required: Vacuum cleaner, alcohol and towel. BTS power output Grounding resistance and grounding wires Water-proof performance of antenna and feeder connector and lightening protection grounding clip Firmness and angle of antenna Test the output power of the RFs. 1). Measure the grounding resistance with proper test instruments. 2). Check if the connector of the grounding wires are normal 1). Check the external parts;

2). Unwrap them and check. 1). Tighten the screw with the wrench. 2). Check if the angle are correctly set. Note There should be no noise, no call dropping, nor cross talking. Impose strict operation regulations to prevent mis- operation on power supply. Check if the output is the same as recorded in the BSC. Wrap up the checked parts with the same material used before the check. Do not apply too much force with the wrench. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 4-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 Return Loss, VSWR and Reflection Coefficient 5 Return Loss, VSWR and Reflection Coefficient Return loss(dB) 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 VSWR 4.41943 3.56977 3.00952 2.61457 2.32285 2.09988 1.92495 1.78489 1.6709 1.57689 1.49852 1.43258 1.37668 1.32898 1.28805 1.25276 1.22222 1.19569 1.17257 1.15238 1.13469 1.11917 1.10553 1.09351 1.08292 1.07357 1.06531 1.058 1.05153 1.0458 1.04072 1.03621 1.03221 1.02866 1.0255 1.0227 1.0202 1.01799 1.01601 1.01426 1.0127 1.01131 1.01007 1.00897 1.00799 1.00712 1.00634 Reflection Coefficient (G) 0.63096 0.56234 0.50119 0.44668 0.39811 0.35481 0.31623 0.28184 0.25119 0.22387 0.19953 0.17783 0.15849 0.14125 0.12589 0.1122 0.1 0.08913 0.07943 0.07079 0.0631 0.05623 0.05012 0.04467 0.03981 0.03548 0.03162 0.02818 0.02512 0.02239 0.01995 0.01778 0.01585 0.01413 0.01259 0.01122 0.01 0.00891 0.00794 0.00708 0.00631 0.00562 0.00501 0.00447 0.00398 0.00355 0.00316 Formulas for calculating reflection coefficient G, return Loss RL, and VSWR is displayed in the following table:

03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 Return Loss, VSWR and Reflection Coefficient Reflection Coefficient G VSWR Return loss(dB) G =

G =

Ureflected Uforward 1 alg( )RL 20 G =

VSWR-1 VSWR+1 VSWR=

Uforward+Ureflected Uforward- Ureflected RL=

20lg Uforward Ureflected VSWR=

1+G 1-

VSWR =

alg( )RL alg( )RL 20 20 + 1

- 1 1 RL=

20lg RL=

20lg VSWR+1 VSWR-1 03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-2 G G User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 MS Unable to Access Network ..................................................................................................1-1 1.1 About Mobile Station Network Access ...............................................................................1-1 1.2 Disabled Mobile Station Network Access...........................................................................1-1 2 Conversation Fault .....................................................................................................................2-1 3 Software Downloading Failure Fault.........................................................................................3-1 3.1 Description of Fault ............................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Fault Analysis and Location ...............................................................................................3-1 4 Base Station Initialization Failure Fault....................................................................................4-1 4.1 Description of fault..............................................................................................................4-1 4.2 Fault Analysis and Location ...............................................................................................4-1 5 Signaling Link Fault....................................................................................................................5-1 5.1 OML Signaling Link Fault ...................................................................................................5-1 5.2 Abis Signaling Link Fault....................................................................................................5-2 6 Part Module Fault........................................................................................................................6-1 6.1 Description of Part Fault.....................................................................................................6-1 6.2 Processing of Common Board Faults ................................................................................6-2 6.3 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) ...............................................................................6-4 6.4 BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM)................................................................................6-5 6.5 BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM) ........................................................................6-6 6.6 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM)......................................................................6-7 6.7 BTS Transceiver Module (BTRM) ......................................................................................6-7 6.8 BTS High Power Amplification (BHPA) Module .................................................................6-9 6.9 Receiving Line Division Unit (RLDU) ...............................................................................6-11 6.10 Power Supply Unit (PSU) ...............................................................................................6-11 7 Antenna Feeder Fault .................................................................................................................7-1 7.1 Radio Frequency Antenna Feeder Part .............................................................................7-1 7.2 Satellite Antenna Feeder Part ............................................................................................7-1 03Q-0112-20020720-120 i User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 MS Unable to Access Network 1 MS Unable to Access Network 1.1 About Mobile Station Network Access Once powered on, an MS first enters the System Determination Substate and then selects an analog system or CDMA system based on the parameters predefined in the mobile station by the user. If the CDMA system is selected, the mobile station will attempt to capture it and enters the Pilot Channel Acquisition Substate. In this substate, the mobile station will first search the primary frequency bands for all pilot channels (search all PN offsets), and captures the strongest pilot channel. If there are no pilot channels captured on the basic frequency bands, the mobile station will tune to an auxiliary frequency band and continue searching for a pilot channel. When the mobile station has captured a pilot channel, it enters the Sync Channel Acquisition Substate. In this substate, the mobile station will attempt to obtain a sync channel and receive synchronization messages. And by means of these messages, the mobile station can obtain the pilot PN offset, network system identity, long code status, system time, paging channel rate, frequency bands on which basic paging channels are, etc. Once this information is obtained, the mobile station will enter the Timing Change Substate. In this substate, the mobile station will use the pilot PN offset, long code status received in the sync channel messages and synchronizes the long code status and system timing with the CDMA system timing. After that, the mobile station will enter the Mobile Station Idle State. In the idle status, the mobile station needs to receive the overhead messages on the paging channels. The mobile station cannot work normally unless it has received correct Overhead Messages within the specified period of time. If all the above conditions are satisfied, the mobile station will normally gain access to a network. 1.2 Disabled Mobile Station Network Access 1.2.1 Description of Fault When started, the mobile station cannot access the CDMA network. 1.2.2 Fault Analysis and Location Before locating any base station fault, make sure that the parameters for a mobile station are correctly set, such as the basic frequency band, auxiliary frequency band, SID, NID, etc. I. Base station not in service The base station is not in service and the mobile station cannot gain access to a network. The causes for the base station not to be in service include:

03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 MS Unable to Access Network 1) The base station equipment in a faulty status makes the base station fail to be in service. 2) The base station has not obtained correct configuration data, which leads to the base station not being in service. For the troubleshooting details, please refer to "4 Base Station Initialization Failure Fault". II. Abis signaling link fault Abis signaling link fault will disable the network access of a mobile station. 1) If any fault occurs to the Abis signaling link after a base station has been in service, BSC cannot implement any logical configuration for the base station and accordingly the mobile station cannot gain access to a network. 2) If a base station has obtained its logic configuration, when any fault occurs to the Abis signaling link, the base station will cut off the transmission signals of BTRM corresponding to all sector carriers and this makes a mobile station unable to gain access to a network. At an OMC or near-end maintenance console of a base station, query the current alarm of the base station to make sure whether there exists any "Abis signaling link fault" alarm. For the troubleshooting details, please refer to "5.2 Abis signaling link fault". III. A cell has not obtained the logic configuration of BSC 1) If a cell has no logical configuration, that is to say, such common channels as pilot, synchronization, paging, etc. have not been established or overhead messages not updated, the mobile station naturally cannot gain access to a network. View the confiuguration process report of a cell at the OMC maintenance console. If the cell does not report the process of "Common channel successfully established"

and "Overhead message successfully updated", it shows that the cell has no logic configuration. 2) Unavailable physical equipment or operation & maintenanace (for example, deletion of the equipment) results in the deletion of a logic cell, therefore the mobile station cannot gain access to a network. View the configuration process report of a cell at an OMC maintenance console. If the cell reports the process report of "Cell deleted", it shows that the cell has been deleted. In addition, you may query whether a cell has its logic configuration via the "Cell Status Query" command at the OMC maintenance console. If a cell has not obtained its logic configuration, then check point by point:

l Whether the BTRM used in this cell works normally. l Whether the BCPM used in this cell works normally. l Whether the corresponding BRDM works normally. l Whether the optical fiber of BTRM and that of BRDM are correctly connected. l Whether BCIM works normally. l Whether the Abis signaling link is in connected status. l Whether BSC works normally. l Check the configuration parameters of BTS and BSC and make sure that they are in accordance. If any problem is found at some step, handle it according to the corresponding chapter or section. For example, a BTRM module fault should be handled as described in "6.5 BTS Transceiver Module (BTRM)". 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IV. This cell is in blocked status 1 MS Unable to Access Network If you see at the OMC maintenance console that the logic configuration of a cell has been completed, but the mobile station still cannot gain access to a network, then you can check whether this cell is in blocked status. When a cell is in blocked status, the base station will cut off the transmission signals of BTRM corresponding to this cell carrier and this makes the mobile station unable to gain access to a network. You may query BTRM status at the OMC maintenance console to see whether the BTRM corresponding to this cell has been blocked. If the cell is in blocked status, the mobile station cannot gain access to a network until the user has unblocked it. V. Abnormal receiving channel If you see at the OMC maintenance console that the logic configuration of a cell has been completed, but the mobile station still cannot gain access to a network, then you can check whether the receiving channel of a base station is abnormal. An abnormal BS receiving channel will lead to excessive receiving error codes and frequent mobile station dropouts. The mobile station, when started, will send a power-on registration message to the system. However, the base station cannot receive this registration message because of a faulty receiving channel. Thus, the base station will not send any base station answer instruction to this mobile station, which leads to failed registration of this mobile station. Because of failed registration, the mobile station enters the system defining sub-status and recaptures the system. When the system is captured, the mobile station will start again the power-on registration. Such things happen repeatedly, so that the mobile station cannot gain access to a network. You may test the mobile station via CDMA and trace air interface messages. If the mobile station sends "Registration message" but does not receive any "Base station answer instruction" message, it shows that some fault has occurred to the reverse receiving channel of the base station. If there exists any receiving channel abnormality, you may check point by point as follows and make judgements by viewing related indicators, querying the board status and alarm information, etc. l Whether the CDU, RLDU and BTRM module are well installed and the panel screws are correctly fastened. l Whether the antenna feeder connection is correct. l Whether the CDU works normally. l Whether the RLDU works normally. l Whether the configuration selection switch "S/W" on the RLDU panel is set correctly. For the description of RLDU panel switch, please refer to "Board Indicator and DIP Switch" of "Base Station Maintenance" part in the user manual. l Whether the BTRM works normally. l Whether the BCPM works normally. l Whether the blind plugs of various modules of the receiving channel are normally connected and there is any loosening. l Whether the physical configuration data of the base station are correct, including the cell parameter, backward search parameters, etc. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 MS Unable to Access Network If any problem is found at some step, handle it according to the corresponding chapter or section. For example, a BTRM module fault should be handled as described in "6.5 Transceiver Module (BTRM)". VI. Abnormal transmission channel Transmission activation (BTRM), BHPA, CDU and antenna the transmission channel. But an abnormal transmission channel will lead to no output signal from the base station or abnormal output signals. In this case, you may see at the OMC maintenance console that the logic configuration of a cell has been completed, but the mobile station still cannot gain access to a network. Then, you may check point by point as follows:

l Whether the CDU, BHPA module and BTRM module are well installed and the feeder form panel screws correctly fastened. l Whether BTRM transmission activation part works normally. l Whether the CDU works normally. l Whether BTRM and BHPA are normally connected. l Whether the BHPA works normally. l Whether BHPA and CDU are connected. l Whether the feeder connection between CDU and the cabinet top is normal. l Whether the feeder connection between the cabinet top and the antenna is normal. l Whether the blind plugs of various modules of the receiving channel are normal and whether there is any loosening. l Whether the antenna is correctly installed. l Whether there is any standing wave ratio alarm. If any problem is found at some step, handle it according to the corresponding chapter or section. For example, a BTRM module fault should be handled as described in "6.5 Transceiver Module (BTRM)". VII. The cell gain and common channel gain are not correctly set You may see at the OMC maintenance console that the logic configuration of a cell has been completed, but the mobile station still cannot gain access to a network. In this case, you may check whether various gain parameters during the cell configuration are correctly set. When the cell is logically configured, such parameters as the sector gain, carrier gain, pilot channel gain, synchronization channel gain, paging channel gain, etc. must be configured. If these parameters are improperly set (for example, excessively small), the mobile station will not be able to capture the corresponding common channel and this makes the mobile station unable to gain access to a network. Make sure whether the gain parameters contained in Abis-Cell Setup message are reasonable via the Abis interface message tracing tool. If unreasonable, the data configuration table of BSC must be modified and the gain parameters be configured again. VIII. The overhead message content is not correct You may see at the OMC maintenance console that the logic configuration of a cell has been completed, but the mobile station still cannot gain access to a network. In this case, you may check whether the overhead message content is correct. Upon entering the idle status, the mobile station must receive all overhead messages

(including at least the following four: the access parameter message, system parameter message, CDMA channel list message and adjacent area list message. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 MS Unable to Access Network Other overhead messages depend on the setting of network parameters) configured in the whole system within the specified period of time. Otherwise, the mobile station cannot gain access to a network. In addition, the value of the parameters in each overhead message will also make the mobile station unable to gain access to a network and needs confirming carefully. With the air interface message signaling analyzer, you may check whether the mobile station has received the overhead messages configured in the whole system. In addition, you should check whether the parameter value of each overhead message is correct. If not, you may modify the data configuration table of BSC and update the overhead message again. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Conversation Fault 2 Conversation Fault For the content in this chapter, please refer to related parts in BSC Maintenance Manual. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Software Downloading Failure Fault 3 Software Downloading Failure Fault 3.1 Description of Fault I. FTP client login failure OMC sends a command to an OMU (a base station operation & maintenance unit running on BCKM) to start downloading files from BAM. The OMU receives the command, but cannot log on to the FTP server of BAM. In this case, OMC background receives the abnormal halt message of OMU and FTP client login fails. II. Abnormal halt of file loading by the board When some board software is downloaded and activated by means of OMC, it is found that the whole stage from the starting of downloading and activating to the waiting for the activation report is normal. Then, OMC receives the abnormal halt message of OMU and file loading is abnormally halted by the board. 3.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. FTP client login failure 1) Check whether the FTP server on BAM is in Stop status or correctly set. First view whether the FTP server is in Stop status. If it runs normally, then check whether the FTP server is set correctly. FTP server settings include the following four:

user name, user password, user accessible path and access authority. Any setting error will lead to failed login or failed board software loading. When a base station loads software, the above four items are set as follows:

User name:

Password:

Access path:

Access authority:

OMU OMU Required to include the file path specified in the software uploading/downloading command. The directory to be uploaded must be set as readable and writable. 2) Check whether OMU BOOTP is normal OMU obtains the IP address of a base station by means of BOOTP request. If this process fails, OMU will not be able to obtain the IP address of the base station and naturally cannot log on to the FTP server of BAM. Usually, a disconnected link, wrong route or configuration data error may lead to the failed BOOTP process. These should be eliminated one by one. For details, please refer to "5.1 OML Signaling Fault". II. Abnormal halt of file loading by the board All load files must have the file headers in stipulated format, in which the file ID and file version must be consistent with the corresponding field in the activation command sent by OMC. Otherwise, the board will consider the software actually downloaded as inconsistent with that to be loaded and reports abnormality error. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 3-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 4 Base Station Initialization Failure Fault 4 Base Station Initialization Failure Fault 4.1 Description of fault The base station, when powered on, fails to be initialized, which makes it unable to be in normal service. Once such a fault occurs, the ACT indicators on some boards flashes quickly. 4.2 Fault Analysis and Location There are quite a lot of factors leading to failed initialization of a base station, but in summary, the following aspects can be taken into consideration to locate and solve those problems. I. Link fault The prerequisite for successful initialization of a base station is that an ATM link should be successfully established between the BCIM of the base station and XIE board of BSC. And the BCIM board of the base station is required to successfully intercept the link configuration of the XIE board of BSC and establish the corresponding IMA/UNI link. If the BSC configuration data are wrong (or no corresponding physical link configured), then BCIM cannot make a successful interception and this leads to failed link establishment. In addition, the base station BOOTP failure and failed establishment of an OML may lead to unsuccessful initialization of the base station. For such a case, please refer to

"5.1 OML Fault". II. Clock fault After a base station has successfully established an OML, BSC will send corresponding configuration data. In this case, some boards of the base station must have correct clock signals before they are in normal service. Thererfore, check is necessary when a base station fails to be initialized after the configuration is sent. 1) Whether the clock signals of a base station are correct. 2) Whether the clock output of BCKM is normal. 3) Whether BCKM and GPS or GLONASS antenna are well connected. 4) Whether the captured GPS or GLONASS satellites are more than 4. For the above (1) and (2), please refer to "6.2 BTS Control & Clock Module

(BCKM)". As for (3), please refer to "7.2 Satellite Antenna Feeder Part". (4) may be caused by geographical position. If it is found that the captured GPS or GLONASS satellites are not more than 4, the base station may not be able to obtain reliable clock signals. III. BCPM Configuration Data Error If the BCPM board configuration data sent by a base station are wrong, the base station may fail to be initialized. Please locate such a fault as follows:

1) Whether BCPM board No. and its physical slot form one-to-one correspondence. 2) Whether the cell parameters of a channel board are correctly configured. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 4-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 4 Base Station Initialization Failure Fault 3) Whether the chip parameters of a channel board are correctly configured. 4) Whether the daisy chain of a channel board is correct. 5) Whether the traffic link of a channel board is correctly configured. Confirm the above and configure correct data again. IV. BTRM configuration data error BTRM configuration data error may also lead to failed initialization of a base station, therefore various parameters must be carefully checked, such as the board No., cell No., cell resource pool No., optical interface No., ect. Of BTRM. Please confirm them and configure correct data again. V. Board physical connection error That a base station fails to be initialized as a result of physical connection error may be caused by the following:

1) Various boards or modules have not been correctly installed and need installing well. 2) The optical fiber connection between BRDM and BTRM is faulty. Please refer to

"6.2 Processing of Common Board Faults". 03Q-0112-20020720-120 4-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 Signaling Link Fault 5 Signaling Link Fault 5.1 OML Signaling Link Fault 5.1.1 Description of Fault After a base station is powered on, such faults occurred, for example, failed BOOTP, failed establishment of the OML with OMC or OML broken link alarm during the normal operation of a base station. In this case, you may observe at the near-end and OMC far end maintenance consoles of a base station that the "OML Signaling Link Fault" alarm occurs. 5.1.2 Fault Analysis and Location The OML connection of a base station begins with the BCKM of the base station, passes BCIM of the base station, the XIE and MUX of BSC, LPU and MPU of the switching frame, and ends with the background (BAM). Therefore, any chain fault in this route may lead to an OML fault in the base station. I. Communication link fault between the BCKM board and BCIM board For details, please refer to the board communication link fault in "6.2 Processing of Common Board Faults". II. Abnormal IMA group or UNI link status If the physical layer of an OML is connected by means of E1, it can be configured as IMA mode or UNI mode as required. If there is incorrect IMA group status or UNI link status, OML fault may occur. At the far end OMC client or near-end maintenance console, you may query the special status of a board to obtain the IMA group status or UNI link status. If there is abnormal IMA group status or UNI link status, please check point by point:

l Whether E1 link is normal. This can be done by means of loopback test. l In the case of IMA, it is necessary to make sure whether the N pair of E1s in the BSC IMA group corresponds to that in the base station IMA group (N=1~8). l Check whether the IMA group configuration of BSC and that of the base station are consistent. III. VCI configuration error of CMUX board of BSC The prerequisite for an OML to be established in a base station is that there should be a successful BOOTP request, which demands a unique MAC address field. If there are repeated data when BSC configures MUX with VCI information, the MAC field in the BOOTP request packet may be made not unique. Thus, the base station BOOTP fails and the OML cannot be established. Processing method: check the configuration data of BSC to ensure the correctness and uniqueness of the configuration data. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IV. Route information configuration error 5 Signaling Link Fault The OML in a base station bridges two IP gateways, one being MPU of BSC switching frame and the other being MUX of BSC BM frame. And the uplink and downlink route table information are different from each other. If any gateway is configured with wrong information, the OML will fail to be established in a base station. What is typical is that TCP connection of an OML cannot be established after the base station BOOTP request has succeeded. For such a case, please check in turn the route information of the above-mentioned chains. First check the route information of BAM to see whether it can correctly connect with the MPU of a switching frame. Then, check the route inforamtion of MUX to see whether it can connect downward with a base station and upward with a BAM. If the route configuration is wrong, then modify the route configuration of the switching frame and the MUX route data of BSC. V. Related data configuration error of a far end OMC During the OML establishment in a base station, the far end OMC acts as both BOOTP Server and TCP Server. During the base station BOOTP, the OMC is required to configure local BOOTP related information based on the data configured in BSC. And this group of BOOTP information is required to be unique and consistent with the data configured in BSC. If an OMC is configured with wrong BOOTP information, the MAC field contained in BOOTP request packet of a base station will not correspond to the BOOTP information configured in OMC. And this results in failed BOOTP request of a base station and an OML cannot be established. Solution: Query the BOOTP information of this base station at the far end OMC, compare it with the data configured in BSC and modify those inconsistent ones. VI. Far end OMC fault During the OML establishment in a base station, the far end OMC acts as both BOOTP Server and TCP Server. Therefore, any far end OMC fault may lead to the OML fautl of the base station. Possible OMC faults include:

1) BAM halts or BAM process is not started. In this case, it is necessary to restart 2) The loading process of BAM is abnormal. In this case, it is necessary to restart BAM or start a BAM process. the loading process of BAM. 3) The low layer communication process (Exchange Server) of BAM is abnormal. In this case, it is necessary to restart it. 5.2 Abis Signaling Link Fault 5.2.1 Description of Fault When a base station is in service, the Abis signaling link between the base station and BSC cannot be established or broken link occurs to the running base station. And you can observe at the OMC alarm console that the "Abis signaling link fault" alarm occurs. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5.2.2 Fault Analysis and Location 5 Signaling Link Fault I. Abnormal IMA group or UNI link status For details, please refer to "5.1 OML Signaling Fault". II. Abis signaling link configuration parameters are incorrect If the IMA group status or UNI link status is normal and the base station has obtained the configuration data, you may check whether the Abis signaling link configuration parameters are normal. Abis signaling link is in the mode of IPOA and needs configuring with the following parameters: PVC parameters (VPI and VCI) of and TCP/IP address (IP address, subnet mask and TCP port No.) of the Abis signaling link. In addition, it is necessary to make sure that the PVC used in the Abis signaling link is different from that used in Abis services. III. BSC abnormality When any fault occurs to BSC, the base station will generate the "Abis Signaling Link Fault" alarm. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 Part Module Fault 6 Part Module Fault 6.1 Description of Part Fault 6.1.1 Finding of Part Fault This section describes how to find a part fault and how to deal with specific part fault will be given in the following sections. The parts described here include the base band frame board, radio frequency module, PSU, antenna feeder equipment, etc. If any fault occurs to them, the fault information can be obtained by means of the corresponding alarm box, maintenance console and part indicator. 6.1.2 Common Processing Flow to deal with Part Fault The common processing flow to deal with part faults observes the principle of "From the outside to the inside". The transmission link check and GPS or GLONASS receiving signal check belong to outside check while the check of various boards or modules belong to cabinet inside check. This division aims to achieve a clear presentation and the outside check is actually integrated in the cabinet part check. I. External check 1) Power check Mainly check whether the 48 DC input at the top of the equipment is normal. For details, please refer to "2.2 Maintenance Guide". 2) Transmission link check Check whether the transmission link between the BCIM in a base station and the XIE board in a BSC is normal. For details, please refer to "4.3 BTS Control & Interface Module (BCIM)". 3) Check of GPS or GLONASS receiving signal GPS or GLONASS signals are received through the GPS or GLONASS antenna feeder system and sent to the BCKM board, whose clock unit will process them. For details, please refer to "4.4 BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM)". II. Check of cabinet parts First check the PSU module of the power frame, then the boards (including BCIM, BCKM, BCPM, BRDM and BTRM) and at last various radio frequency parts (including BHPA, CDU, RLDU and antenna feeder system) which form a radio frequency channel. 1) Check of power supply Mainly check the PSU module of the power frame. If the PSU module is found faulty, handle it as described in "4.12 Power Supply Unit (PSU)" and check whether the

-48V DC input at the top of the equipment is normal. 2) Board check 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 Part Module Fault Check the BCIM board and transmission link. Only when the two parts are normal can the base station establish a normal connection with BSC. Check the BCKM board and GPS or GLONASS receiving signals. Only when the two parts are normal can the other boards in a base station work normally. Check whether the BCPM board works normally. Check whether the BRDM board works normally. Only BRDM works normally can BTRM works normally.

& Note:

Various boards in a base station have something in common, therefore their possible faults will be similar . When locating a board fault, please first refer to "4.2 Processing of Common Board Faults". If the problem still cannot be solved, please refer to the other parts in this chapter based on different kinds of board. 3) Check radio frequency parts Transmission channel: the signals of the BTRM are amplified by the BHPA module and sent to the CDU to combine. Then, they are output to the antenna feeder and transmitted. Receiving channel: the radio frequency signals are received through the antenna feeder system and sent to the CDU. Then, the RLDU receives and splits them, and sends them to the corresponding BTRM for processing. Check the BHPA, CDU, RLDU and the antenna feeder system according to the above describtion of transmission/receiving channels. If any fault occurs to some part, handle it as described in corresponding part in this chapter based on the part name. 6.2 Processing of Common Board Faults 6.2.1 Description of Fault Common board faults mainly include:

l Wrong configuration of board parameters. l Faulty board communication link. l Abnormal board temperature. l Excessively high CPU occupation rate. l Interrupted escape serial port. l Failed initialization of minor board components. l No signals at the optical interface. l CELL BUS clock lost. l Excessively high CELL BUS frame error rate. l Faulty CELL BUS driving components. l Board reset. The above-mentioned faults will all have corresponding fault alarms. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6.2.2 Fault Locating & Eliminating 6 Part Module Fault I. Automatic configuration of base station failure After the base station succeeds in the BOOTP request and establishes the OML with the OMC, check whether the base station locally has its configuration file. If it has, the configurations will be sent locally. If it has not or local configuration data are wrong, the BCKM board will download the base station configuration file from a far end OMC. If the base station configuration file fails to be downloaded, the board cannot obtain correct parameter configuration and the base station cannot be in service. Possible causes are as follows:

1) OMC is not configured with the correct configuration file loading information or 2) There is no corresponding base station configuration file in the loading file the configuration file is incorrect. directory configured in OMC. 3) The FTP Server of OMC is not started or does not run normally. 4) Such data as the file path, attribute information, user informatioon corresponding to the FTP Server on OMC are not correctly configured. In this case, it is necessary to eliminate the above possible causes one by one

(perform related operations via the OMC maintenance console). For other possible fault causes and solutions, please refer to "3.2 Software Downloading Failure Fault". II. Faulty board communication link When powered on, the boards will be initialized. After that, they (excluding the BCKM) will requrest the OMU on the BCKM for its configuration. After receiving correct configurations, the board begins to work normally. If the ALM and ACT indicators flash on the frequency of 4Hz, there is some fault occurring to the communcation link between the board and the OMU. 1) If an alarm occurs to some board (for example, the BCIM board) alone, while other boards works normally .a fault may occur to this board. Then, it is necessary to check whether the board is well plugged. If the TRX module is faulty, it is necessary to check whether the optical fiber connection is good, then, please reset this board. If the problem still cannot be solved, the faulty board needs replacing. 2) If such an alarm also occurs to other boards, it may be a BCKM fault, which will be handled as described in "4.4 BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM)". 3) If the problem still cannot be solved, after the above two steps the fault can be located to a base band frame backplane and this backplane needs replacing. III. Abnormal board temperature If the temperature of the base band frame board becomes abnormal, it is necessary to make sure whether the fan module used for cooling the base band frame works normally and whether the duct is blocked. If the temperature of a BTRM becomes abnormal, it is necessary to make sure whether the corresponding BTS Radio Frequency Fan Module (BRFM) works normally. If the fault remains the same after the above reasons have been eliminated, it can be located to the corresponding board, which needs resetting. If the fault still exists, the corresponding board needs replacing. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IV. No signal at the optical interface 6 Part Module Fault No signal at the optical interface. Mostly means there are something wrong between the BRDM board and the BTRM board.First check related optical interfaces to see whether any optical interface has been configured without any optical fiber inserted, whether the boards or modules on bothl sides of the optical fiber is normal and the optical fiber is damaged or broken. If there is any of such cases hanppened, please refer to the corresponding part in this chapter and handle it. After other possible reasons have been eliminated, it can be located to the corresponding board or module, which should be reset. If the fault still exists, the corresponding board or module needs replacing. V. Other faults Other possible common faults include:

Board resetting, excessively high CPU occupation rate, link to escape serial port damaged, initialization of minor board components failure, CELL BUS clock lost, excessively high CELL BUS frame error rate and CELL BUS driving components malfunction. If the above faults seldom occur or are recovered very soon, then make a further observation. If they occur frequently (or have been occurring continuously) and have seriously affected the function of a base station, then please observe whether there is any other fault occurring at the same time and locate it. Otherwise, reset the corresponding board. If the fault still exists, the corresponding board should be replaced. 6.3 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) 6.3.1 Description of Fault 1) The base station, when powered on, cannot establish the OML with the OMC and BOOTP request fails. 2) During the running of the base station, the communication links operation &

maintenance, signaling or service are interrupted. In this case, you may observe the E1, IMA group or IMA/UNI link alarms. at the near-end maintenance console . 6.3.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. The BCIM does not work normally When the BCIM is powered on and, is initializing, the RUN, ALM and ACT indicators are lighted. If the initialization fails, the watchdog will reset the board. After the board has been initialized, it sends a reset report to the OMU to request for configurations. In this case, the RUN indicator flashes on the frequency of 4Hz. After the board receives the configuration and is in service, the RUN indicator will flash on the frequency of 0.5Hz.If the ALM and ACT indicators flash on the frequency of 4Hz after initialization, there must be some fault occurred to the communication link between the board and the OMU. If the fault only occurs to the communication link between the board and the OMU, the cause may lie in the board. Then, please check whether the board is well plugged. If faults occur to the communication link between other board and the OMU at the same time, there may be some faults in BCKM or base 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 Part Module Fault band frame backplane Then, please check whether the BCKM is well plugged and runs the correct software. II. E1 trunk cable fault or connection error The operation & maintenance, signaling and traffic link between the base station and OMC/BSC are all transmitted via the E1 trunk cable through the BCIM. E1 trunk cable works in the mode of IMA or UNI. The E1 trunk cables between the base station and BSC must be correctly connected. When there are multiple routes of E1 to be configured, the connections order between the base station and BSC must be in the same as the routes. E1 trunk cable fault and connection order error can be checked by means of the E1 loopback test. The configuration and status of IMA/UNI can be obtained by querying the specific status of the boards in a base station. III. BSC interface board (XIE) fault If it can be confirmed that E1 trunk cable is good and the connection order is correct after E1 loopback test, but the BCIM cannot intercept the configuration, it may be a BSC interface board (XIE) that is faulty. And this fault can be eliminated by resetting or replacing the XIE. IV. BSC and OMC fault or configuration error If the IMA group and link status of the BCIM are found normal by means of querying the specific status of a base station board, but the OMU BOOTP request fails, or the BOOTP request succeeds but the TCP connection fails to be established, it may be BSC and OMC faults or data configuration error. For details, please refer to the locating of "5.1 OML Signaling Link Fault" and "5.2 Abis Signaling Link Fault". 6.4 BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM) 6.4.1 Description of Fault l The OML fails to be established between the base station and the OMC. l The Abis signaling link cannot be established between the base station and BSC. l The base station clock does not work normally. l Other possible BCKM faults. 6.4.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. The OML fails to be established between the base station and the OMC If the base station BOOTP request succeeds, but the OML of the base station cannot be correctly established, the BCKM board of the base station will keep on performing BOOTP request operations. To locate the reason that the base station OML cannot be established, please refer to "5.1 OML Fault". 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 Part Module Fault II. The Abis signaling link cannot be established between the base station and BSC The Main Control (MC) unit on the BCKM is responsible for establishing the Abis signaling link with the BSC. If this link fails to be established, please refer to "3.5 Abis Signaling Link Fault". III. The base station clock does not work normally The clock unit (CLK) on the BCKM is responsible for receiving and processing the GPS or GLONASS clock signals. Possible clock unit faults are as follows: clock module hardware faults, satellite antenna feeder system fault, reference clock source driving fault, clock reference driver source error and main clock lose lock. When the above-mentioned clock faults occur, first check the satellite antenna feeder system and then check the configurations of the clock reference source. If it does not work, please reset the BCKM. If the fault still exists, this BCKM needs replacing. IV. Other faults of the BCKM board The main cabinet PSU fault and base band frame fan module fault are also reported to the BCKM and listed with other faults. If it is the base band frame fan module fault, it is necessary to replace the fan module. If it is the main cabinet PSU fault, handle it as described in "6.10 Power Supply Unit (PSU)". 6.5 BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM) 6.5.1 Description of Fault l System clock error. l Reverse data error of the Gigabit Ethernet link. l FPGA status error. l Internal error of the channel processing chip. l Clock error of the channel processing chip. l Board hardware module error. 6.5.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. System clock error To any system clock error, please handle it as described in "6.4 BTS Control &

Clock Module (BCKM)". II. Gigabit Ethernet link reverse data error To any Gigabit Ethernet link reverse data error, it is necessary to check whether the BRDM connected via the backplane with this BCPM works normally. Please handle it as described in "6.6 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM)". III. FPGA status error To any FPGA status error, it is necessary to reload the software of FPGA. If the fault still exists, it is the related board hardware being faulty and the board needs replacing. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IV. Other faults 6 Part Module Fault To other faults and those which cannot be eliminated after the above procedures, please first reset the corresponding BCPM. If the equipment still cannot work normally, the fault may be located to this BCPM and this board needs replacing. 6.6 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) 6.6.1 Description of Fault l FPGA status fault. l The low layer communication link between BRDM and BTRM is faulty. l Abnormal clock signal. l Board hardware fault. 6.6.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. FPGA status fault To the FPGA status error, it is necessary to reload the software of FPGA firstly. If the fault still exists, it is a board hardware fault and the board needs replacing. II. The low layer communication link between BRDM and BTRM is faulty The low layer communication link fault between BRDM and BTRM is usually caused by an excessively high communication link error code rate or abnormal running of the board. You may plug/unplug the optical fiber or replace the BTRM. If this fault exists for a long time, please reset or replace this BRDM. III. Abnormal clock signal The clock used for the switching of BRDM control services comes from the BCKM. If the BCKM works normally(abnormally), this fault may be occurred. First check whether BCKM board phase-lock is normal. If it is normally, try to load FPGA logic. If the fault still exists after the above, procedures, it means that some faults may occur to the hardware and this BRDM needs replacing. IV. BRDM boad hardware fault The BRDM board hardware fault usually is due to components being damaged or wrong logic being loaded and the board needs replacing. 6.7 BTS Transceiver Module (BTRM) 6.7.1 Description of Fault l Overexcited receiving channel l Software phase-lock lost l Abnormal forward link power l Abnormal reverse signal strength indication l RS485 link fault alarm 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-7 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 Part Module Fault l Other BTRM faults These include the transmission channel clock lost, hardware phase-lock loop lost, abnormal I0 value and digital general inverter fault. l RF fan module faults These include the fan monitor board failure to read the temperature sensor, fan running abnormally, fan monitor board temperature alarm, invalid speed control of the fan monitor board. And BTRM becomes less sensitive. 6.7.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. Overexcited receiving channel fault The processing procedures are as follows. If the problem still cannot be solved in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. 1) If any interference leads to the overexcited receiving channel fault, it is necessary to reduce the interference from outside as much as possible instead of processing the base station. 2) If it is the FPGA logic fault that leads to overexcited receiving channel, it is necessary to reset the BTRM. 3) Replace the BTRM. II. Software phase-lock losing lock The software phase-lock lost, if not caused by hardware, usually can be recovered automatically within 5 minutes. If this fault exists for a long time, handle it as follows. If this problem still cannot be solved in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. 1) Eliminate the corresponding BRDM fault. 2) Replace the corresponding optical fiber. 3) Replace this BTRM. III. Abnormal forward link power fault Abnormal forward link power fault may lead to adjacent area interference, which should be handled as follows. If the problem still cannot be solved in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. 1) Check whether the BRDM, BCPM or BCKM are plugged/unplugged well. If this fault is caused by any of these reasons, no additonal processing is necessary. 2) Replace the corresponding optical fiber. 3) Eliminate the faults of the BRDM, BCPM and BCKM. 4) Replace this BTRM. IV. Abnormal reverse signal strength indication Abnormal reverse signal strength may lead to reverse traffic link disconnecting and it is necessary to check the antenna feeder system. V. RS485 link fault RS485 link fault may make the alarm information of a fan monitor board unable to be reported to the BTRM and closed loop power control invalid. The processing procedures are as follows. If the problem still cannot be solved in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-8 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 Part Module Fault 1) Power off and reinstall the corresponding BHPA module. Then, power it on again. 2) Replace the fan monitor board (or the corresponding BRFM). 3) Replace the BTRM. 4) Replace the radio frequency backplane. VI. Other BTRM faults Other BTRM faults mainly include:

Transmission channel clock lost, hardware phase-lock lost, abnormal I0 value and digital general inverter fault. If these faults occur and cannot be recovered after resetting the BTRM, please replace the corresponding BTRM. VII. BRFM fault The BRFM faults mainly include:

The fan monitor board failed to read the temperature sensor, fan running abnormally, fan monitor board temperature alarm and invalid speed control of fan monitor board. The processing procedures are as follows. If the problem still cannot be solved in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. 1) Check whether the fan face shield connection is correct and reliable. 2) Replace the fan monitor board or the corresponding BRFM. 6.8 BTS High Power Amplification (BHPA) Module 6.8.1 Description of Fault l No radio frequency signals output. l Abnormal radio frequency signals, including low output power and output spectrum out of standard range. 6.8.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. No radio frequency signals output No radio frequency signals output from the BHPA module are mainly caused by self-shield shutdown, self damage or abnormal cable/connector connection. 1) Self-shield shutdown For the sake of self-shield, the BHPA module will shut down automatically when there is a power amplification alarm or an excess temperature alarm. a) Power amplification overexcitation alarm Power amplification overexcitation alarm reflects the levels of the input BHPA radio frequency signals. When the levels of the input radio frequency signals are between

+0.5dBm and +1.5dBm, the BHPA will generate an overexcitation alarm but will not shut down automatically. When they are more than +2.5dBm, the BHPA will generate an overexcitation alarm and shut down automatically. If the external alarm conditions no longer exist, the BHPA will resume to normal. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-9 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station b) Excess temperature alarm of power amplification 6 Part Module Fault Excess temperature alarm of power amplification reflects the temperature rise of a power amplification base plate. When a excess temperature alarm of power amplification occurs, the BHPA will shut down automatically. When the temperature of the power amplification base plate is 95C 5C, an excess temperature alarm will occur to the BHPA and the BHPA shuts down automatically. The restoration threshold of the excess temperature alarm is 80C 5C. At the OMC or the near-end maintenance console of a base station, query the current alarm of the base station to confirm whether there exists a "Power amplification overexcitation or excess temperature" alarm. The troubleshooting process is gradually completed. If the fault cannot be eliminated in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. l Check whether the radio frequency output power of the BTRM is excessively high. If it is, please reduce it. l Check whether the fan corresponding to BHPA works normally. l Check whether the cables between the power amplification module inside BHPA and the radio frequency fan monitor board are normally connected. 2) Abnormal cable/connector connection BHPA uses blind plug/connector, which is connected via the backplane with the BTRM, CDU and power supply. And abnormal input/output connection will lead to no radio frequency signals output from BHPA. The troubleshooting process is gradually completed. If the fault cannot be eliminated in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. l Plug/unplug the BHPA again to ensure that it is blindly plugged well and normally connected with the backplane. l Check whether the cables between BTRM and BHPA, between BHPA and CDU and between the power supply and BHPA on the backplane. connected well. 3) Self damaged If the BHPA is normally powered, the cables/connectors are connected normally and input signals are normal, but no radio frequency signal is output from BHPA, the BHPA is considered damaged and needs replacing. II. Abnormal radio frequency output signals Abnormal BHPA radio frequency output signals means that the output power is smaller than the rated one and the Adjacent Channel Power Ration (ACPR) of the output signals is. out of function range. The fault are mainly caused by decrease in power amplification gain, certain power amplification components being damaged or excessively high output power. Decrease in gain will generate a power amplification gain decrease alarm. Excessively high input/output power will lead to diffused power amplification output spectrum and ACPR indices out of function range. Power amplification gain decrease alarm reflects how a BHPA amplification channel works. The alarm threshold range is decrease in gain by 3~6dB. If the BHPA gain decreases over 6dB, a gain decrease alarm will occur. If the BHPA gain decreases less than 3dB, no gain decrease alarm will occur. If the BHPA gain decreases by 3~6dB, it is normal that a gain decrease alarm occurs or not. At the OMC or the near-end maintenance console of a base station, query the current alarm of the base station to confirm whether there exists a "Power amplification gain decrease" alarm. The troubleshooting process is gradually completed. If the fault cannot be eliminated in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-10 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station please reduce it. l Replace the BHPA. l Check whether the output power of the BHPA is excessively high. If it is high, 6 Part Module Fault 6.9 Receiving Line Division Unit (RLDU) 6.9.1 Description of Fault l Antenna standing wave alarm. l RLDU fault. 6.9.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. Antenna standing wave alarm The antenna standing wave alarm in a sector means the mismatch of an antenna feeder system. If an antenna fault leads to higher antenna standing wave or the antenna and feeder are not normally connected, an antenna standing wave alarm in the sector will occur. The troubleshooting process is gradually completed. If the fault cannot be eliminated in a certain step, please handle it as described in the next one. l Check whether the antenna feeder connection and antenna are normal. l Check whether CDU works normally. l Check whether the connection cable between CDU and RLDU is normal. l Check whether the power indicator on the RLDU panel works correctly. l Replace the RLDU. II. RLDU fault If the RLDU fault alarm occurs, the faulty RLDU needs replacing. 6.10 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 6.10.1 Description of Fault l The PSU does not work or work abnormally l PSU fan fault. l PSU output over-voltage fault. l PSU input under-voltage fault. l PSU overheat fault. 6.10.2 Fault Analysis and Location I. The PSU does not work or not work normally If the 3 indicators on the PSU panel are all off or flash, it shows that the PSU is not in normal status and an unknown fault occurs. In this case, the PSU needs replacing. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-11 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station II. PSU fan fault 6 Part Module Fault If the PSU fan runs abnormally, the red alarm indicator (Alm) on the PSU panel will be on and the fan fault alarm will be reported at the same time. In this case, the PSU fan needs replacing. III. PSU output over-voltage fault If the PSU output is more than 30.50.5V, the PSU will automatically stop working. And the red alarm indicator (Alm) on the PSU panel will be on with the output over-voltage fault alarm reported at the same time. This fault status cannot be recovered automatically and the PSU needs replacing. IV. PSU input under-voltage fault If the PSU input voltage is smaller than 36.51V, the PSU will stop outputting any power and the red alarm indicator (Alm) on the PSU panel will be on. Meantime, the output over-voltage fault alarm will be reported. When the input voltage is higher than 38.51V, the PSU will automatically resume to normal. V. PSU overheat fault If the PSU runs at an excessively high ambient temperature or the heat dissipation system does not work normally, there will also cause an excessively high temperature inside the PSU. And the PSU will stop its output power and the red alarm indicator

(Alm) on the panel will be on. Meantime, the overheat fault alarm will be reported. When the PSU will automatically resume to normal. temperature decreases to certain degree, internal the If the working ambient temperature is normal, the PSU fan will run normally. But if the PSU is continuously overheated, this module can be considered as faulty and needs replacing. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-12 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 7 Antenna Feeder Fault 7 Antenna Feeder Fault 7.1 Radio Frequency Antenna Feeder Part 7.1.1 Description of Fault l Standing wave alarm. l At the antenna port, there is no or too low transmission power. 7.1.2 Fault Analysis and Location If this fault occurs, check the standing waves and transmission powers (including the testing of the power from the CDU coupled output interface) from the CDU antenna port to the antenna terminal of the base station step by step . Meantime, check whether the connectors are installed correctly and fastened well, and whether the sealing gum gets loosen or even fallen off. The specific treatment procedures are as follows:

1) Check whether the antenna feeder system is penetrated by water. 2) Check whether the antenna, feeder and jumper are damaged (such as short 3) Check whether the base station antenna and jumper connection are open or in 4) Check whether the jumper and feeder connection are open or in poor contact. 5) Check whether the jumper and connector connection at the top of the equipment 6) Check whether the jumper inside a cabinet and the CDU connection are open or circuit or open circuit). poor contact. are open or in poor contact. in poor contact. 7) Check whether the feeder or jumper connector is not correctly installed on site. 7.2 Satellite Antenna Feeder Part 7.2.1 Description of Fault l Antenna open circuit alarm. l Antenna short circuit alarm. 7.2.2 Fault Analysis and Location When this fault occurs, it is necessary to check whether the connectors are installed correctly and fastened well, and whether the sealing gum gets loosen or even fallen off .The specific treatment procedures are as follows:

1) Check whether the satellite antenna feeder system is penetrated by water. 2) Check whether the satellite antenna, feeder and jumper are damaged (such as the short circuit or open circuit). 3) Check whether the satellite antenna feeder lightning protector is damaged. 4) Check whether the satellite antenna and jumper connection are open or in poor contact. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 7-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-450 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 7 Antenna Feeder Fault 5) Check whether the jumper and feeder connection are open or in poor contact. 6) Check whether the jumper and connector connection at the top of the equipment are open or in poor contact. 7) Check whether the jumper inside a cabinet and the SMA connector connection on the BCKM panel are open or in poor contact. 8) Check whether the connection between the SMA connector on the BCKM panel and GPS/GLONASS receiving card is open or in poor contact. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 7-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 General Replacement Procedure ..............................................................................................1-1 1.1 General Replacement Procedure of Boards ......................................................................1-1 1.1.1 Preparation ..............................................................................................................1-1 1.1.2 Taking out the Board ...............................................................................................1-1 1.1.3 Installation Preparations ..........................................................................................1-2 1.1.4 Installing a Board .....................................................................................................1-2 1.1.5 Replacement Completed .........................................................................................1-2 1.2 General Backplane Replacement Process ........................................................................1-2 1.2.1 Preparation ..............................................................................................................1-2 1.2.2 Replacing the Backplane.........................................................................................1-3 2 Board and Part Replacement.....................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Overview.............................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Replacement of BTS E1 Surge Protector (BESP) .............................................................2-1 2.3 Replacement of BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) .....................................................2-2 2.4 Replacement of BTS Channel Process Module (BCPM)...................................................2-2 2.5 Replacement of BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM) .....................................................2-3 2.6 Replacement of BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM)............................................2-4 2.7 Replacement of BTS Fan Module (BFAN) .........................................................................2-5 2.8 Replacement of Power Supply Unit (PSU).........................................................................2-5 2.9 Replacement of BTS Radio Frequency Fan Module (BRFM)............................................2-6 2.10 Replacement of BTS High Power Amplification Module (BHPA).....................................2-7 2.11 Replacement of BTS Transceiver Module (BTRM)..........................................................2-7 2.12 Replacement of Receive LNA Distribution Unit (RLDU) ..................................................2-8 2.13 Replacement of Combining Duplex Unit (CDU)...............................................................2-9 03Q-0112-20020720-120 i User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 General Replacement Procedure 1 General Replacement Procedure 1.1 General Replacement Procedure of Boards 1.1.1 Preparation 1) Query Alarm Before the replacement of a board, check the alarm information in BCKM at the local end maintenance console. After replacement check again and see if recovery alarms are generated. 2) Check version Before the replacement of a board, check the versions of the board and its software. After the replacement, check again to make sure the versions are the desired ones. 3) Security precautions Some of the boards or modules are vulnerable to static electricity. Please take anti-static measurements while operating on these boards and modules, e.g., put on well-grounded anti-static wrist strip and gloves. 4) Power off Shut off the power supply for the related boards to be replaced and turn it on after the replacement. The power supply of all boards in a base band subrack is controlled by the switch in the subrack. When replacing a board in the base band subrack:

l Turn off the base band subrack switch while replacing boards such as BCIM or BCKM (when only one BCKM is configured for the BTS). l Do not turn off the base band subrack switch while replacing boards such as BRDM, BCPM or BCKM (when 2 BCKMs are configured in active/standby mode for the BTS). 5) Block sector carrier Block the BTRMs that may be affected by the replacement of a board of the base band subrack. No blocking/unblocking is necessary when switching on/off the power supply of a BTRM. 6) Commonly-used Tools For the replacement of a board or module: a cross screwdriver that matches the M3 screw is required. 1.1.2 Taking out the Board 1) Turn anti-clockwise the fastening screws at the upper and lower ends of the board panel until they go off the cabinet. 2) Hold the handle bar of the board. Quickly and simultaneously pull it out and rotate for 45 3) Pull out the board along the slot and put it into the anti-static packing (keep bear hands off the printed circuit board). 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.1.3 Installation Preparations 1 General Replacement Procedure 1) Wear the anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded. 2) Before a board is installed, take the board out of the anti-static packing box (do not touch the surface of the printed circuit board) and check whether there is any damage or deciduous element. 1.1.4 Installing a Board 1) Locate the slot that the board is to be inserted by name on the board name plate of a frame. 2) Hold the front panel with one hand and plug it into the board bottom along the guide slot. The panel and the frame surface should be kept aligned. Then, press inward the upper and lower front panels. 3) Turn clock-wise the fastening screws on the panel until they are tightened. 4) After the replacement, turn on the power (in case of a blocked BTRM, unblock it) and view the indicator of a corresponding board to judge whether the board is running normally. 1.1.5 Replacement Completed After the replacement, the following three factors can help us judge whether it is successful:

1) View whether related indicator status is normal. For details, refer to the sub-module Board Indicator and DIP Switch of the Base Station Maintenance module in this manual. 2) View a local-end maintenance console or OMC far end maintenance console to see whether corresponding base station alarms have disappeared and any recovery alarm has occurred. 3) Conduct a dialing test with a mobile station to judge whether the base station works normally. 1.2 General Backplane Replacement Process 1.2.1 Preparation 1) Security precautions Power supply board supports hot plugging. However, please follow every instruction when replacing a power supply board. Prevent the board from being damaged by static electricity. A backplane must be replaced with the power off and strictly based on the operation procedures. Put on wrist strap and gloves and connect reliably the grounding ends of them with the ground (the switch housing). 2) Power off Power off the whole BTS cabinet before the replacement. 3) Commonly-used Tools Before the replacement of a backplane, a cross screwdriver must be prepared to match the M3 screw. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.2.2 Replacing the Backplane 1 General Replacement Procedure I. Dismount the BTS cabinet door l Unscrew the fastening screws on the related cabinet door. l Dismount the related cabinet door with two hands. l Put gently the dismounted cabinet door at a reliable location. II. Remove the board or module on a backplane Unplug all boards or modules on a backplane. III. Unplug the backplane cable Unplug the cables on the back of the backplane, such as the data line, alarm cable, power cable, etc. and record the cable connection modes in detail. IV. Removing a board 1) Unscrew the fastening screws on the backplane and cabinet. Do put the screws where they should be to prevent them falling into the cabinet and leading to short circuit. 2) Dismount the backplane gently with two hands. Caution:

1) To dismount a base band frame backplane, first take off the metal shielding can over the backplane. To install a base band frame backplane, install first the backplane and then a metal shiedling can. 2) Because the backplane is very big and heavier than a common board, there must be some help in dismounting or installing the backplane lest any accident should occur. V. Preparations for backplane installation Before a backplane is installed, take the backplane out of the anti-static packing box

(do not touch the surface of the printed circuit board) and check whether there is any damage, such as broken line and short circuit. VI. Installation & fixation of a backplane Put the backplane close to the corresponding plug-in frame and align the screws. Then, take out of the screws when the backplane is dismounted and fix the backplane on the frame. VII. Backplane distribution Connect various cables together in strict recorded cable connection order. VIII. Backplane switch setting If there are switches and jumpers on a backplane, set the switches and jumpers on the new backplane according to the original one. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IX. Stick the board name plate of the backplane 1 General Replacement Procedure X. Power on the new backplane Power on the backplane by means of a corresponding switch on the switch box and observe whether the power-on is normal. XI. Power off and insert a board If a backplane is normally powered on, turn off the power and insert carefully all the dismounted boards or modules into the backplane slot. XII. Power on and observe the working statuses of various boards or modules XIII. Conduct a conversation test with a mobile station and view whether the conversation is normal 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Board and Part Replacement 2 Board and Part Replacement 2.1 Overview This chapter details the precautions and procedures when various boards and parts of cBTS3612-800 are replaced. For the common parts of the replacement, please refer to Chapter 1 Universal Replacement Process. This chapter will not describe again any content in Chapter 1 Universal Replacement Process unless it is worthy of special note. Before various boards and parts are dismounted, usually unscrew the screws fastening the boards or parts with a cross screwdriver and tighten them when new boards or parts are installed. This procedure will not be specially described in later sections. 2.2 Replacement of BTS E1 Surge Protector (BESP) I. Note 1) The replacement of a BESP will interrupt all services transmitted via this BESP. 2) BESP board should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the board. II. Replacement Details 1) Shut off the base station power Shut off first all the switches on the switch box of the base station and then -48V DC output of AC/DC power. 2) Dismount the BESP Unplug the E1 trunk cables of two 25-pin interfaces on the BESP and unscrew the screws at the four corners of BESP to dismount the BESP at the top of the equipment. And unplug from the 37-pin interface the E1 trunk cable connected with BCIM. 3) Install a new BESP Connect the trunk cables between BCIM and the new BESP, install the new BESP at the top of the equipment and connect the trunk cables at the 25-pin interface. 4) Re-power on Start the -48V DC output of AC/DC power and turn on the switches on the switch box corresponding to the configured board or module. 5) Test Observe the starting and running status of the base station and conduct a conversation test. 6) After replacement If the new BESP has passed all tests, related alarms disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement of a BESP is completed. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.3 Replacement of BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) 2 Board and Part Replacement I. Note 1) The replacement of a BCIM will interrupt all services transmitted via the BCIM. 2) BCIM should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the board. II. Replacement Details 1) View the BCIM alarm and block corresponding BTRM Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type and software/hardware versions of BCIM. For a BTRM which will interrupt services, execute the command of sector carrier blocking or shut off its power. 2) Unplug BCIM Pull the BCIM out of the slot. 3) Plug a new BCIM Check and find that the impedance of BCIM matches DIP switch jumper J6 and S2~S9. Then, plug the new BCIM into a corresponding slot and wait to successfully reestablish links with BSC. 4) Change the management state of the blocked BTRM Unblock the blocked BTRM. If you turn off the power switch of a corresponding BTRM in advance instead of blocking the BTRM, then turn on the corresponding switch in this step. 5) Test Conduct a conversation test with a mobile station and view whether BCIM software version is the one to run normally. 6) After replacement If the new BCIM has passed all tests, related alarms disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement of a BCIM is completed. 2.4 Replacement of BTS Channel Process Module (BCPM) I. Note 1) The replacement of a BCPM will interrupt the current service processed by the BCPM. 2) BCPM should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the board. II. Replacement Details 1) View the BCPM alarm 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Board and Part Replacement Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type and software/hardware versions of BCPM. 2) Unplug the BCPM Pull the BCPM out of the slot. 3) Plug a new BCPM Plug a new BCPM into a corresponding slot. 4) Test Conduct a conversation test with a mobile station and view whether BCPM software version is the one to run normally. 5) After replacement If the new BCPM has passed all tests, related alarms disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement of a BCIM is completed. 2.5 Replacement of BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM) I. Note 1) cBTS3612-800 is generally configured with two BCKMs, one set as active and the other set as standby. When the active BCKM is faulty, it will automatically switch over to the standby BCKM. In this case, the active BCKM should be replaced. If one BCKM alone is configured in the base station, the replacement of BCKM will interrupt all services in this base station. 2) BCKM should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the board. II. Replacement Details 1) View the BCKM alarm and block a corresponding BTRM Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of this BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type and software/hardware versions of BCKM. For a BTRM which will interrupt services, execute the command of sector carrier blocking or shut off its power.

& Note:

1. When a base station is configured with two BCKMs and the active/standby changeover is completed, skip this step. 2. If the local-end login is unsuccessful, it is unnecessary to view the fault type of BCKM. 2) Unplug the BCKM Remove the GPS clock line and pull the BCKM out of the slot. 3) Plug a new BCKM Plug the new BCKM into a corresponding slot and install the GPS clock line. If only one BCKM is configured, then you have to wait for the reinitialization of this site until it succeeds. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 4) Change the management state of the blocked BTRM Unblock the blocked BTRM. 2 Board and Part Replacement If you turn off the power switch of a corresponding BTRM in advance instead of blocking the BTRM, then turn on the corresponding switch in this step. 5) Test Conduct a conversation test with a mobile station and view whether BCKM software version is the one to run normally. 6) After replacement If the new BCKM has passed all tests, related alarms disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement of a BCKM is completed. 2.6 Replacement of BTS Resource Distribution Module

(BRDM) I. Note 1) The replacement of a BRDM will interrupt the current service processed by the BRDM. 2) BRDM should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the board. II. Replacement Details 1) View the BRDM alarm and block a corresponding BTRM Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type and software/hardware versions of BRDM. For a BTRM whose services will be interrupted, execute the command of "BLK BTSCELL" with right parameters or shut off its power. 2) Unplug the BRDM Remove the optical fiber and record its optical interface location. Then, pull the BRDM out of the slot. 3) Plug a new BRDM Plug a new BRDM into a corresponding slot and the optical fiber into the corresponding optical interface location. 4) Change the management state of the blocked BTRM Unblock the blocked BTRM. If you turn off the power switch of a corresponding BTRM in advance instead of blocking the BTRM, then turn on the corresponding switch in this step. 5) Test Conduct a conversation test with a mobile station and view whether BRDM software version is the one to run normally. 6) After replacement If the new BRDM has passed all tests, related alarms disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement of a BRDM is completed. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.7 Replacement of BTS Fan Module (BFAN) 2 Board and Part Replacement I. Note The replacement of a BFAN will have some influence on the heat dissipation of a base band frame. II. Replacement Details 1) Dismount the fan module and gently pull the fan frame out of the slot. 2) Take apart the damaged fan, but take care to put the screws away for later use. 3) Install a new fan and bind the distributions well again. 4) Gently push the fan frame into the slot until the fan frame panel and the rack fit well and fasten it. 5) If the BFAN is found working normally, related alarms have disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement is completed. 2.8 Replacement of Power Supply Unit (PSU) I. Note 1) The power system made up of this power module has n+1 redundancy configuration. This achieves more reliable operation and one damaged module will not influence the normal operation of the system. Therefore, the damaged power module can be replaced without affecting the normal operation of the system. If any fault occurs to two or more modules at the same time, the normal operation of the whole base station may be affected as a result of the load. 2) When there is any fault indication or alarm on a module (unless there is special burning), do not replace it at once but make a preliminary judgement of the module fault based on the display status of the indicator on the module panel. Then, make a decision about the replacement. The specific operations are as follows:

a) Display description of the indicator: green indicator on (Vin): means that there is input voltage on the module. Red indicator on (Alm): any fault occurs to the module. Green indicator on (Vo): means that there is output on the module. b) In normal cases, the two green indicators on the power module are on while the red indicator is off. l When there is light load output from the system, some module may not work

(namely, Vo indicator being off) as a result of flow equalization, but this cannot be considered as faulty. l If the power module input green indicator (Vin) is on, but the output green indicator (VO) is off or flashes, check whether the faulty module is well installed and the upper and lower fastening parts on the panel are fastened clockwise. If not, reinstall them according to module fixture procedures. If the output green indicator (Vo) is still off, this module is faulty. c) If the three indicators on the module panel are all off, check as follows:

l Check the indicator display statuses of other power modules in the same system. If all power module indicators are off, then check whether the input bus-bar (or connector) of the power system is powered on and the connection gets loose. If any problem exists, connect again and input. l If there is any module indicator on or the power system input bus-bar is confirmed powered on, check whether the module is well installed and the upper 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Board and Part Replacement and lower fastening parts on the panel are fastened clockwise. If not, reinstall them according to module fixture procedures. l If the indicator is still off after the above procedures, then this module is faulty. d) If the input green indicator (Vin) and red indicator (Alm) on the module panel are off, but the output green indicator (Vo) is on, it shows that the module itself can normally output the power. If there are any spare parts, please replace. If no, this module still can be used without affecting normal powering performance. e) If the red alarm indicator (Alm) on the module panel is on, but the output green indicator (Vo) is off, check in the following order:

l Check whether any input over-/under-voltage alarm occurs to the system monitor. If there is, the power module red indicator (Alm) normally will be on. Once the input voltage resumes to normal, the module will work normally. l If the input voltage is normal, then check whether the fan on the PSU has stopped running. When the fan has not run for a long time, the module has excess temperature protection. In this case, this PSU fan must be replaced. If there is still any alarm after the replacement, it shows that this module has been damaged and needs replacing. II. Replacement Details 1) View the PSU alarm Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type of PSU. 2) Unscrew the fastening screws of the PSU and unplug the faulty module from the power frame 3) Smoothly push a new module along the guide slot into the location of the faulty module until the module panel and the edge of the power plug-in frame are roughly aligned If the input is normal, the module will start and communicate with BCKM within about half a minute after being plugged, and both the input green indicator (Vin) and output green indicator (Vo) on the panel are on. 4) Make sure that the new module works normally and fasten it. 5) After replacement If the PSU is found working normally, related alarms have disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement is completed. 2.9 Replacement of BTS Radio Frequency Fan Module

(BRFM) I. Note 1) Turn off the power switch in the switch box corresponding to this BRFM. Note that a group of BHPA, BTRM and BRFM share one power switch. 2) When a new BRFM is installed, note to put the optical fiber into the gap at the right lower corner lest the optical fiber be damaged. II. Replacement Details 1) Dismount the BRFM and unplug the cables connected with it. 2) Take apart the damaged fan, but take care to put the screws away for later use. 3) Install a new fan or a new BBFM and BBFL, and bind the distributions well again. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Board and Part Replacement 4) Assemble and fasten the BRFM. 5) If the BRFM is found working normally, related alarms have disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement is completed. 2.10 Replacement of BTS High Power Amplification Module

(BHPA) I. Note 1) The replacement of a BHPA will interrupt the service of the adjacent BTRM. 2) Turn off the power switch in the switch box corresponding to this BHPA. Note that a group of BHPA, BTRM and BRFM share one power switch. 3) Before the replacement of a BHPA, take apart the corollary BRFM. When this BRFM is installed again, note to put the optical fiber into the gap at the right lower corner lest the optical fiber should be damaged. 4) The power amplification module should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the module. II. Replacement Details 1) View the BHPA alarm and block the corresponding BTRM Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type of BHPA. For a BTRM which will interrupt services, execute the command of sector carrier blocking or shut off its power. 2) Remove the corollary BRFM of the faulty BHPA 3) Unplug the faulty BHPA 4) Plug and fasten the new BHPA and then bend its handle ring so as to install the BRFM. 5) Install and fasten the BRFM. 6) Change the management state of the blocked BTRM Unblock the blocked BTRM. If you turn off the power switch of a corresponding BTRM in advance instead of blocking the BTRM, then turn on the corresponding switch in this step. 7) After replacement If the BHPA is found working normally, related alarms have disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement is completed. 2.11 Replacement of BTS Transceiver Module (BTRM) I. Note 1) The replacement of a BTRM will interrupt any service it processes. 2) Turn off the power switch in the switch box corresponding to this BTRM. Note that a group of BHPA, BTRM and BRFM share one power switch. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-7 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Board and Part Replacement 3) Before the replacement of a BTRM, take apart the corollary BRFM. When this BRFM is installed again, note to put the optical fiber into the gap at the right lower corner lest the optical fiber should be damaged. 4) BTRM should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the module. II. Replacement Details 1) View the BTRM alarm Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type and software/hardware versions of BTRM. 2) Remove the corollary BRFM of the faulty BTRM. 3) Unplug the optical fiber and record the corresponding optical interface location. 4) Plug and fasten a new BTRM, and plug the optical fiber into the corresponding Then, take apart the faulty BTRM. optical interface. 5) Install and fasten the BRFM. 6) Test Conduct a conversation test with a mobile station and view whether BTRM software version is the one to run normally. 7) After replacement If the new BTRM has passed all tests, related alarms disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement of a BRDM is completed. 2.12 Replacement of Receive LNA Distribution Unit (RLDU) I. Note 1) The replacement of an RLDU will interrupt any service it processes. 2) Turn off the power switch in the switch box corresponding to this RLDU. 3) RLDU should be anti-static, therefore operations should be made strictly based on operation procedures. That is to say, wear an anti-static wrist strap and gloves and make the grounding terminal well grounded to prevent any static electricity damaging the unit. II. Replacement Details 1) View the RLDU alarm and block the corrresponding BTRM Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type of RLDU. For a BTRM which will interrupt services, execute the command of sector carrier blocking or shut off its power. 2) Unplug the power cables and data cables on the faulty RLDU panel. 3) Unscrew the screws on the RLDU panel and take out the faulty RLDU along the 4) Plug and fasten the new RLDU along the slot, and set its S/W switch the same as that of the original RLDU. 5) Connect the power cables and data cables and bind them well. slot 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-8 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6) Change the management state of the blocked BTRM Unblock the blocked BTRM. 2 Board and Part Replacement If you turn off the power switch of a corresponding BTRM in advance instead of blocking the BTRM, then turn on the corresponding switch in this step. 7) After replacement If the RLDU is found working normally, related alarms have disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement is completed. Caution:

If the RLDU has not been plugged well and the screws not tightened, the transmitting/receiving indices of the base station may be made to decrease. 2.13 Replacement of Combining Duplex Unit (CDU) I. Note 1) Before the operation, block the BTRMs connected with CDU at the maintenance console. 2) When dismounting/mounting the radio frequency transceiving cable on the CDU panel, take care not to damage any cable connector. When installing cables, fasten the connectors of various cables and keep them in good contact. Do not damage any connector. II. Replacement Details 1) View the CDU alarm and block the corresponding BTRM Connect a portable computer with the local-end maintenance software with the Ethernet interface of a base station BCKM and switch on Telnet to log on to the base station. Then, view and record the fault type of CDU. For a BTRM which will interrupt services, execute the command of sector carrier blocking or shut off its power. 2) Check the location of the CDU to be replaced in thecabinet and the working status and type of CDU so as to avoid any mistake. 3) Dismount the cable connectors connected with the CDU module to be replaced and panel fastening screws. 4) Pull out the CDU and install a new one. After the connectors and screws on the CDU panel to be replaced have been dismounted, unplug this CDU. If the CDU to be replaced can be replaced with the new one, install this new CDU. 5) Plug the new CDU along the slot and fasten it. 6) Connect in turn the radio frequency cables on the CDU panel and note that the main diversity cables should be connected correctly as numbered. 7) Change the management state of the blocked BTRM Unblock the blocked BTRM. If you turn off the power switch of a corresponding BTRM in advance instead of blocking the BTRM, then turn on the corresponding switch in this step. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-9 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Board and Part Replacement 8) After replacement If the CDU is found working normally, related alarms have disappeared and corresponding recovered alarms occurred, it shows that the replacement is completed. Caution:

1. CDU is very heavy, therefore its bottom must be held with one hand when dismounted/mounted. 2. If the CDU has not been plugged well and the screws not tightened, the transmitting/receiving indices of the base station may be made to decrease. The same attention should be paid when other radio frequency modules are installed. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-10 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM).......................................................................................1-1 1.1 BCIM Indicators..................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 BCIM DIP Switches and Jumpers ......................................................................................1-2 2 BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM) ...............................................................................2-1 2.1 BCPM Indicators ................................................................................................................2-1 3 BTS ClocK Module (BCKM)........................................................................................................3-1 3.1 BCKM Indicators ................................................................................................................3-1 4 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) ............................................................................4-1 4.1 BRDM Indicators ................................................................................................................4-1 5 BTS TransceiveR Module (BTRM).............................................................................................5-1 5.1 Board Indicators .................................................................................................................5-1 6 BTS RF Fan Module (BRFM) ......................................................................................................6-1 6.1 BRFM Indicators.................................................................................................................6-1 7 Receiving Line Division Unit (RLDU) ........................................................................................7-1 7.1 RLDU Indicators and DIP Switches ...................................................................................7-1 8 Power Supply Unit (PSU) ...........................................................................................................8-1 8.1 PSU Indicators ...................................................................................................................8-1 9 BTS Lightning Protection Indicator Board (BPLI) ...................................................................9-1 9.1 BPLI Indicator.....................................................................................................................9-1 10 BTS Fan Monitor Module (BFMM) .........................................................................................10-1 10.1 BFMM Indicators ............................................................................................................10-1 03Q-0112-20020720-120 i User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) 1 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) 1.1 BCIM Indicators BCIM indicators are shown in Figure 1-1. Figure 1-1 BCIM panel See Table 1-1 for the description of BCIM indicators. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table 1-1 BCIM indicators 1 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) Indicator Color Function Details Normal status RUN Green Status Indicator ALM Red Alarm indicator ACT Green Operation indicator Quick flash (4Hz): BCIM is being powered on and initialized or is downloading software. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BCIM is running normally. Others: BCIM is faulty. Quick flash (4Hz): Critical alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): Major alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): Minor alarm. Off: No alarm. On: BCIM is running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): Operation & maintenance link is faulty. Slow flash (0.5Hz): IMA group is interrupted. Slow flash (0.25Hz): IMA link is broken. Slow flash

(0.5Hz) Off On 1.2 BCIM DIP Switches and Jumpers BCIM DIP switches and jumpers are shown in Figure 1-2. S5 S4 ON ON ON ON 1 2 3 S3 1 2 3 S9 1 2 3 S7 ON ON ON ON 1 2 3 S2 1 2 3 S8 1 2 3 S6 1 2 3 1 2 3 J6 1 2 Figure 1-2 BCIM DIP switches and jumpers 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) See Table 1-2 for the description of BCIM DIP switches and jumpers. Table 1-2 BCIM DIP switches and jumpers Function Description Sequence number S2~S9 Selection of: 1) E1 interface matching impedance (75W/120W); 2) E1 interface unbalanced/unbalanced mode. J6 Feedback of E1 interface matching impedance (75W120W) mode. The program initializes E1 driving chip based on the status of this jumper. All four digits set to OFF: 120W twisted pairs. All four digits set to ON: 75W co-axial cable, with sheath connected with PGND. Digits 1 and 2 set to ON, and digits 3 and 4 set to OFF:

75W co-axial cable, with sheath not connected with PGND. Other settings: Undefined. Connect jumpers 2 and 3: 120W configuration mode. Connect the others or no connection at all:

75W configuration mode 03Q-0112-20020720-120 1-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM) 2 BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM) 2.1 BCPM Indicators BCPM indicators are shown in Figure 2-1. Figure 2-1 BCPM panel 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM) See Table 2-1 for the description of BCPM indicators. Table 2-1 BCPM indicators Indicator Color Function Details RUN Green Status Indicator ALM Red Alarm indicator ACT Green Operation indicator Quick flash (4Hz): BCPM is being powered on and initialized or is downloading software. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BCPM is running normally. Others: BCPM is faulty. Quick flash (4Hz): Critical alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): Major alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): Minor alarm. Off: No alarm. On: BCPM is running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): T8206 alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): Signaling Link disconnected. Slow flash (0.25Hz): CSM5000 alarm. Normal status Slow flash

(0.5Hz) Off On 03Q-0112-20020720-120 2-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 BTS ClocK Module (BCKM) 3 BTS ClocK Module (BCKM) 3.1 BCKM Indicators BCKM indicators are shown in Figure 3-2. Figure 3-2 BCKM panel 03Q-0112-20020720-120 3-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 BTS ClocK Module (BCKM) See Table 3-1 for the description of BCKM indicators. Table 3-1 BCKM indicators Indicator Color Function Details RUN Green Status Indicator ALM Red Alarm indicator ACT Green Operation indicator Quick flash (4Hz): BCKM is being powered on and initialized or is downloading software. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BCKM is running normally. Others: BCKM is faulty. Quick flash (4Hz): Critical alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): Major alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): Minor alarm. Off: No alarm. On BCKM is running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): Operation & maintenance link is faulty. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BSC link is interrupted. Slow flash (0.25Hz): 1) Satellite signal has been lost for 24 hours, 2) No satellite is detected when the BCKM is powered on for the first time. Normal status Slow flash

(0.5Hz) Off On 03Q-0112-20020720-120 3-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 4 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) 4 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) 4.1 BRDM Indicators BRDM indicators are shown in Figure 4-1. 0 1 2 3 4 5 Figure 4-1 BRDM panel 03Q-0112-20020720-120 4-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 4 BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) See Table 4-1 for the description of BRDM indicators. Table 4-1 BRDM indicators Indicator Color Function Details RUN Green Status Indicator ALM Red Alarm indicator ACT Green Operation indicator Quick flash (4Hz): BRDM is being powered on and initialized or is downloading software. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BRDM runs normally. Others: BRDM fault. Quick flash (4Hz): Critical alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): Major alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): Minor alarm. Off: No alarm. On: BRDM is running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): T8206 alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): FPGA alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): QMC trunk alarm. Normal status Slow flash

(0.5Hz) Off On 03Q-0112-20020720-120 4-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 BTS TransceiveR Module (BTRM) 5 BTS TransceiveR Module (BTRM) 5.1 Board Indicators BTRM indicators are shown in Figure 5-1. Figure 5-1 BTRM panel 03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 BTS TransceiveR Module (BTRM) See Table 5-1 for the description of BTRM indicators. Table 5-1 BTRM indicators Indicator Color Function Details RUN Green Status Indicator ALM Red Alarm indicator ACT Green Operation indicator Quick flash (4Hz): BTRM is being powered on and initialized or is downloading software. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BTRM is running normally. Others: BTRM is faulty. Quick flash (4Hz): Critical alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): Major alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): Minor alarm. Off: No alarm. On: BTRM is running normally, and the clock has been locked. Slow flash (0.5Hz): 1) The clock has not been locked;

2) The clock cannot be locked. Normal status Slow flash

(0.5Hz) Off On 03Q-0112-20020720-120 5-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 6 BTS RF Fan Module (BRFM) 6 BTS RF Fan Module (BRFM) 6.1 BRFM Indicators BRFM indicators are shown in Figure 6-1. Figure 6-1 BTS RF Fan Module See Table 6-1for the description of BRFM indicators. Table 6-1 BRFM indicators Indicator Color Function Details Normal status TRX Green HPA Green FAN Green BTRM alarm indicator HPA Status indicator Fan Status indicator On: BTRM is in running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): BTRM is not in service or with critical alarm. Slow flash (0.5Hz): BTRM is in service, but with major alarm. Slow flash (0.25Hz): BTRM is in service, but with minor alarm. Off: the communication between BTRM and the fan monitor board is interrupted. On: HPA is running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): HPA alarm. On: The fan is running normally. Quick flash (4Hz): The fan is unable to rotate. On On On 03Q-0112-20020720-120 6-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 7 Receiving Line Division Unit (RLDU) 7 Receiving Line Division Unit (RLDU) 7.1 RLDU Indicators and DIP Switches RLDU indicators and DIP switches are shown in Table 7-1. Table 7-1 RLDU panel See Table 7-1 and Table 7-2 for the descriptions of RLDU indicators and RLDU DIP switch settings. Table 7-1 RLDU indicator description Indicator Color Function Details Normal status POWER Green Power indicator On: normal. Off: abnormal. On Table 7-2 RLDU DIP switches DIP Switch Details S/W Number of sector carriers corresponding to RLDU Description S/W set as 0: 1) Number of sectors of the BTS 3, 2 number of carriers for each sector 4. 2) There are 2 carriers in each sector and the interval between carriers in each sector is not equal to CDU S/W set as 1: the carriers in each sector are =2 and each sector is configured with one CDU. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 7-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 8 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 8 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 8.1 PSU Indicators PSU indicators are shown in Figure 8-1. Vin Alm Vo Figure 8-1 PSU panel See Table 8-1 for the description of PSU indicators. Table 8-1 PSU indicators Color Indicator Green Red Green Vin Alm Vo Caution:

Function Power input status indicator Module fault indicator Power output indicator Details Normal status On: normal. Off: abnormal. On: alarm. Off: normal. On: normal. Off: abnormal. On Off On Possible cause to module fault alarm: Input power under/over voltage, over-heated or the power supply unit is not well plugged in. 03Q-0112-20020720-120 8-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 8 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 9 BTS Lightning Protection Indicator Board (BPLI) 9.1 BPLI Indicator BPLI indicators are shown in .Figure 9-1 RUN L-alm Figure 9-1 BPLI panel See Table 9-1for the description of BPLI indicators. Table 9-1 BPLI indicators Indicator RUN L-alm Color Meaning Green -48V Power indicator Lightening protector indicator Red Details Normal status On: -48V power input is normal. On: -48V power input is abnormal. On: Lightning protector abnormal. Off: Lightning protector normal. On Off 03Q-0112-20020720-120 9-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 8 Power Supply Unit (PSU) 10 BTS Fan Monitor Module (BFMM) 10.1 BFMM Indicators BFMM indicators are shown in Figure 10-1. BFMM indicator Figure 10-1 Fan box panel See Table 10-1 for the description of BFMM indicators. Table 10-1 BFMM indicator Indicator Color Meaning Details BFMM Indicators Green Operational status indicator Fast flashing (4Hz): fault has occurred to the monitored objects, such as: 1) fan unable to rotate; 2) port communication abnormal; 3) mono-stable circuit fault. Slow flashing (0.5Hz): the fan monitoring circuits and the monitored object are working normally. On or Off: The controlling chip on the fan monitoring board is down. Normal status Slow flash

(0.5Hz) 03Q-0112-20020720-120 10-1

 

 

HUAWEI Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station User Manual V100R001 Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station User Manual Manual Version T2-030160-20020720-C-1.20 Product Version V100R001 BOM 31013260 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. provides customers with comprehensive technical support and service. Please feel free to contact our local office, customer care center or company headquarters. Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Address: Huawei Customer Service Building, Kefa Road, Science-based Industrial Park, Shenzhen, P. R. China Postal Code: 518057 Website: http://www.huawei.com Phone: +86-755-26540036 Fax: +86-755-26540035 Email: support@huawei.com 2002 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All Rights Reserved No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Trademarks

, HUAWEI, C&C08, EAST8000, HONET, ViewPoint, INtess, ETS, DMC, SBS, TELLIN, InfoLink, Netkey, Quidway, SYNLOCK, Radium,

, M900/M1800, TELESIGHT, Quidview, NETENGINE, Musa, OptiX, Airbridge, Tellwin, Inmedia, VRP, DOPRA, iTELLIN, C&C08 iNET, iBill and infox are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. Notice The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document don't constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied. Feedback Form Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. welcomes your feedback on this document. Your comments can be of great value in helping us improve our documentation. Please fax this form to +86-755-26540035, Attn: Information Development Department, or email to press@huawei.com. Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station User Manual Version: T2-030160-20020720-C-1.20 1. Please rate the effectiveness of this document by checking the appropriate columns:

Excellent Good Fair Poor Ease of Use Clarity Completeness Accuracy Organization Illustrations Appearance Overall Satisfaction 2. Please check the ways you feel we could improve this document:

r Improve the organization r Improve the table of contents r Include more figures r Add more examples r Add more/better quick reference r Add more details r Make it more concise/brief r Make it less technical r Improve the index r Add more step-by-step procedures Please provide details for the suggested improvement:

3. What did you like most about this document?

4. Feel free to write any comments below or on an attached sheet. If we may contact you concerning your comments, please complete the following:

Name:

________________Title:______________ Phone: _______________ Company:

__________________________________ Email:

_______________ Address:

__________________________________ Date:

_______________ About This Manual Contents The manual introduces the insulation methods and procedure of cBTS3612-800. It is divided into three modules:

l Module 1: System Description 1. System Overview 2 Hardware Architecture 3 Software Architecture 4 System Function 5 System Configuration Appendix A Technical Indices of Receiver and Transmitter Appendix B EMC Indices Appendix C Environment Indices Appendix D Standard Compliance Appendix E Abbreviation l Module 2: BTS Maintenance Sub Module 1 Routine Maintenance Instructions Sub Module 2 Common Fault Analysis and Locating Sub Module 3 Board and Part Replacement Sub Module 4 Board Indicators and DIP Switches Target Readers The manual is intended for the following readers:

l Engineers & technicians l Operation & maintenance personnel Conventions This document uses the following conventions:

I. General conventions Convention Description Arial Arial Narrow Normal paragraphs are in Arial. Warnings, cautions, notes and tips are in Arial Narrow. Terminal Display Terminal Display is in Courier New; message input by the user via the terminal is in boldface. II. Command conventions Convention Description boldface font Command keywords (which must be input unchanged) are in boldface. italic font

{ x | y | ... }

[ x | y | ... ]

{ x | y | ... } *

[ x | y | ... ] *

Command arguments for which you supply values are in italics. Elements in square brackets [ ] are optional. Alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. One is selected. Optional alternative keywords are grouped in square brackets and separated by vertical bars. One (or none) is selected. Alternative keywords are grouped in braces and separated by vertical bars. A minimum of one and maximum of all can be selected. Optional alternative keywords are grouped in square brackets and separated by vertical bars. Many (or none) are selected. A line starting with an exclamation mark is comments. III. GUI conventions Convention Description

Message entered via the terminal is within angle brackets. MMIs, menu items, data table and field names are inside square brackets [ ]. Multi-level menus are separated by forward slashes (/). Menu items are in boldface. For example, [File/Create/Folder]. IV. Keyboard operation Format Description

<Key>

<Key1+Key2>

<Key1, Key2>

[Menu Option]

[Menu1/Menu2/Menu3]

Press the key with key name expressed with a pointed bracket, e.g.

<Enter>, <Tab>, <Backspace>, or<A>. Press the keys concurrently; e.g. <Ctrl+Alt+A>means the three keys should be pressed concurrently. Press the keys in turn, e.g. <Alt, A>means the two keys should be pressed in turn. The item with a square bracket indicates the menu option, e.g. [System]

option on the main menu. The item with a pointed bracket indicates the functional button option, e.g. <OK> button on some interface. Multi-level menu options, e.g. [System/Option/Color setup] on the main menu indicates [Color Setup] on the menu option of [Option], which is on the menu option of [System]. V. Mouse operation Action Description Press the left button or right button quickly (left button by default). Press the left button twice continuously and quickly. Press and hold the left button and drag it to a certain position. Click Double Click Drag VI. Symbols Eye-catching symbols are also used in this document to highlight the points worthy of special attention during the operation. They are defined as follows:

Caution, Warning, Danger: Means reader be extremely careful during the operation.

& Note Comment, Tip, Knowhow, Thought: Means a complementary description. User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents Table of Contents 2 Hardware Architecture ...............................................................................................................2-1 2.1 Overview ............................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Baseband Subsystem ........................................................................................................2-4 2.2.1 Overview..................................................................................................................2-4 2.2.2 Control & Clock Module (BCKM) .............................................................................2-6 2.2.3 Control Interface Module (BCIM).............................................................................2-8 2.2.4 Channel Processing Module (BCPM)......................................................................2-9 2.2.5 Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) .................................................................2-11 2.2.6 Baseband Backplane Module (CBKM) ..................................................................2-13 2.2.7 E1 Surge Protector (BESP) ...................................................................................2-14 2.2.8 Fan Module (BFAN)...............................................................................................2-16 2.3 RF Subsystem..................................................................................................................2-19 2.3.1 Overview................................................................................................................2-19 2.3.2 Transceiver Module (BTRM) .................................................................................2-20 2.3.3 High Power Amplifier Module (BHPA)...................................................................2-24 2.3.4 Transceiver Backplane Module (BTBM)................................................................2-26 2.3.5 Combining Duplexer Unit (CDU) ...........................................................................2-27 2.3.6 Duplexer Filter Unit (DFU) .....................................................................................2-28 2.3.7 Receive LNA Distribution Unit (RLDU) ..................................................................2-30 2.3.8 RF Fan Module (BRFM) ........................................................................................2-32 2.4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem .........................................................................................2-35 2.4.1 Overview................................................................................................................2-35 2.4.2 RF Antenna & Feeder............................................................................................2-35 2.4.3 Dual-Satellite Synchronization Antenna & Feeder ................................................2-37 2.5 Power Supply Subsystem ................................................................................................2-39 2.5.1 Overview................................................................................................................2-39 2.5.2 General Structure ..................................................................................................2-40 2.5.3 Technical Indices ...................................................................................................2-40 2.5.4 Power Supply Monitoring.......................................................................................2-43 2.5.5 BTS Direct Current Switchbox (BDCS) .................................................................2-43 2.6 Environment Monitoring ...................................................................................................2-43 2.6.1 Alarm Box Input .....................................................................................................2-44 2.6.2 Alarm Indicator.......................................................................................................2-44 2.6.3 Interface of Executive Mechanism.........................................................................2-45 2.6.4 Communication......................................................................................................2-45 2.7 Lightning Protection System ............................................................................................2-45 03Q-0110-20020720-120 i User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents 2.7.1 Overview................................................................................................................2-45 2.7.2 Lightning Protection for DC ...................................................................................2-46 2.7.3 Lightning Protection for Trunk Line........................................................................2-47 2.7.4 Lightning Protection for Antenna & Feeder Port....................................................2-50 3 Software Architecture.................................................................................................................3-1 3.1 Overall Architecture............................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Module Description.............................................................................................................3-2 3.2.1 Main Control Software .............................................................................................3-2 3.2.2 O&M Software .........................................................................................................3-4 3.2.3 Clock Software.........................................................................................................3-5 3.2.4 BCIM Software.........................................................................................................3-6 3.2.5 BCPM Software .......................................................................................................3-7 3.2.6 BRDM Software .......................................................................................................3-8 3.2.7 BTRM Software .......................................................................................................3-8 4 System Function .........................................................................................................................4-1 4.1 Transmission Networking...................................................................................................4-1 4.2 Call Procedure....................................................................................................................4-2 4.2.1 Speech Service Call Procedure...............................................................................4-2 4.2.2 Data Service Call Procedure ...................................................................................4-5 4.3 Signaling Processing..........................................................................................................4-8 4.4 Baseband Processing ........................................................................................................4-9 4.5 RF Functions ....................................................................................................................4-10 4.5.1 Power Control ........................................................................................................4-10 4.5.2 Handoff ..................................................................................................................4-12 4.5.3 Flexible Configuration ............................................................................................4-13 4.5.4 Radio Configuration and Channel Support............................................................4-13 4.5.5 Easy Installation, Operation and Maintenance......................................................4-17 4.5.6 Receive Diversity and Transmit Diversity..............................................................4-17 4.5.7 Cell Breath .............................................................................................................4-18 4.6 Operation and Maintenance.............................................................................................4-18 4.6.1 Software Downloading...........................................................................................4-18 4.6.2 Interface Management...........................................................................................4-19 4.6.3 Test Management..................................................................................................4-19 4.6.4 Status Management...............................................................................................4-20 4.6.5 Event Reporting and Processing ...........................................................................4-21 4.6.6 Equipment Management .......................................................................................4-22 4.6.7 Site Configuration ..................................................................................................4-23 4.6.8 Operation Status Tracing.......................................................................................4-24 4.6.9 Other Functions .....................................................................................................4-24 5 System Configuration.................................................................................................................5-1 5.1 Configuration Overview ......................................................................................................5-1 03Q-0110-20020720-120 ii User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table of Contents 5.1.1 Basic/Extended Cabinet Configuration....................................................................5-1 5.1.2 Baseband Subrack Configuration............................................................................5-4 5.1.3 Power Supply Subrack Configuration......................................................................5-5 5.1.4 RF Part Configuration ..............................................................................................5-6 5.1.5 Configuration of Antenna Parts ...............................................................................5-6 5.2 Typical Configurations........................................................................................................5-6 5.2.1 O(1) Configuration ...................................................................................................5-7 5.2.2 S(1/1/1) Configuration..............................................................................................5-9 5.2.3 S(2/2/2) Configuration............................................................................................5-10 5.2.4 S(3/3/3) Configuration............................................................................................5-11 Appendix A Technical Performance of Receiver and Transmitter .......................................... A-1 A.1 Performance of Receiver .................................................................................................. A-1 A.1.1 Frequency Coverage.............................................................................................. A-1 A.1.2 Access Probe Acquisition....................................................................................... A-1 A.1.3 Reverse Traffic Channel (R-TCH) Demodulation Performance............................. A-1 A.1.4 Receiving Performance .......................................................................................... A-7 A.1.5 Limitations on Emissions........................................................................................ A-8 A.1.6 Received Signal Quality Indicator (RSQI).............................................................. A-8 A.2 Performance of Transmitter .............................................................................................. A-9 A.2.1 Frequency Requirements....................................................................................... A-9 A.2.2 Modulation Requirements ...................................................................................... A-9 A.2.3 RF Output Power Requirement............................................................................ A-10 A.2.4 Limitations on Emissions...................................................................................... A-10 Appendix B EMC Performance.................................................................................................... B-1 B.1 EMI Performance .............................................................................................................. B-1 B.2 EMS Performance............................................................................................................. B-1 Appendix C Environment Performance...................................................................................... C-1 C.1 Ambient Temperature and Humidity................................................................................. C-1 C.2 Cleanness......................................................................................................................... C-1 C.3 Illumination........................................................................................................................ C-2 C.4 Atmospheric Condition...................................................................................................... C-2 Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation......................................................................................... D-1 D.1 Introduction ....................................................................................................................... D-1 D.2 Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) ........................................................................... D-1 D.3 Calculation of the Safe Distance ...................................................................................... D-3 D.4 Prediction of the Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields...................................................... D-3 D.5 Calculation of the Safe Distance ...................................................................................... D-3 D.6 Location of Base station antennas ................................................................................... D-4 D.6.1 Exclusions Zones:.................................................................................................. D-4 D.6.2 Guidelines on arranging antenna sites: ................................................................. D-4 03Q-0110-20020720-120 iii User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix E Standard Compliance .............................................................................................. E-1 E.1 Um Interface ..................................................................................................................... E-1 E.2 Abis Interface .................................................................................................................... E-1 E.3 Lightning Protection .......................................................................................................... E-2 E.4 Safety................................................................................................................................ E-2 Table of Contents Appendix F Abbreviation ..............................................................................................................F-1 03Q-0110-20020720-120 iv User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview 1 System Overview This chapter firstly presents an overview to the cBTS3612-800 base station system, then briefs the system features, technical index and external interfaces, followed by and introduction to the system reliability design in aspects of hardware and software. By reading this chapter, users can have a basic understanding of cBTS3612-800. 1.1 System Overview The cdma2000 1X mobile communication system comprises the Base Station Subsystem (BSS) and the Core Network (CN). The BSS comprises the Base Transceiver Station (BTS), Base Station Controller (BSC) and Packet Control Function (PCF), while the CN comprises the packet domain network and circuit domain network. The equipment of packet domain inter-works with Internet, and that of the circuit field inter-works with the conventional PLMN and PSTN/ISDN. The system's operation and maintenance is implemented via the mobile integrated network management system (iManager M2000). The position of BTS in CDMA system is as shown in Figure 1-2. Mobile Network Management System MS SoftSite BTS SoftSite BTS A10/A11 Abis BSC/PCF MS SDH BTS BTS A3/A7 SoftSite A10/A11 A 1

A 2 Packet Domain Network Equipment Internet MS BTS BTS Abis A1/A2 Circuit Domain Network Equipment BSC/PCF MS: Mobile Station BSC: Base Station Controller PLMN: Public Land Mobile Network PCF: Packet Control Function BSS: Base Station Subsystem Internet: Internet BTS: Base Transceiver Station ISDN: Integrated Service Data Network PSTN: Public Switched Telephone Network Softsite: Soft Site CN: Core Network Figure 1-1 Network structure of cdma2000 1X mobile communication system 03Q-0110-20020720-120 PLMN PSTN/ISDN 1-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview cBTS3612-800 is located between the Base Station Controller (BSC) and the Mobile Station (MS) in the cdma2000 1X mobile communication system. Under the control of the BSC, the cBTS3612-800 serves as the wireless transceiving equipment of one cell or multiple logical sectors. By connecting to BSC via the Abis interface, it assists the BSC with the radio resource management, radio parameter management and interface management. It also implements, via the Um interface, the radio transmission between the BTS and the MS as well as related control functions. cBTS3612-800 cabinet is as shown in Figure 1-2. Baseband subrack Fan subrack Power subrack RF subrack CDU/RLDU subrack RF subrack Figure 1-2 cBTS3612-800 cabinet cBTS3612-800 has the following functions:

I. Interface function 1) Um interface supports cdma2000 1X. Its basic features meet the requirement of cdma2000 Release A. It is fully compatible with IS-95A/B. The physical layer supports a rate as high as 307.2kbit/s. It supports hard handoff, soft handoff and softer handoff. It also supports fast forward power control, slow forward power 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview control, fast reverse power control and reverse open-loop power control. It further supports omni-cell, directional 3 sectors and 6 sectors configurations. 2) Abis interface supports E1/T1 trunk mode and optical fiber transmission mode

(optical fiber transmission mode will be available in the coming version). E1/T1 trunk mode supports as many as 16xE1/T1 trunk lines and optical fiber transmission mode will support 2 pairs of STM-1 optical fibers. It also supports chain, star and tree networking modes. II. Optional function l Support Orthogonal Transmit Diversity (OTD) and Space Time Spreading (STS). l Support softsite(ODU3601C) extended afar via optical fiber. III. Basic functions of operation and maintenance l Software downloading l Abis interface management l Air interface (Um) management l Test management l Status management l Event report handling l Equipment management l Site configuration management l BTS running tracing l Telnet logon 1.2 System Features cBTS3612-800 is a BTS of large capacity, high integration and low power consumption. One cabinet can accommodate as many as 12 sector carriers. It caters for the customer's needs in all aspects such as capacity, configuration, installation, power supply, transmission and service. It's a typical "All In One" BTS. Its features are highlighted as follows:

1.2.1 Advanced Technology and Excellent Performance Advanced architecture, well-developed Huawei ATM platform and cell switching &

broadband processing technology, providing standard interface, and open application. Designed with the resource pool mode, which helps increase the availability of hardware resources and the system's fault-tolerance. Equipped with the digital intermediate frequency technology to enhance the signal processing capability. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview Designed with the technology of diversity receiving and transmission to improve the radio signal transceiving performance. Supporting remote installation of the softsite via optical fiber and able to realize flexible networking Equipped with the blind mate technology on the radio frequency module for convenient maintenance. Controlled with intelligent fans which prolongs the fan's service life and reduces its noise. 1.2.2 Protecting User Investment The cBTS3612-800 is compatible with IS-95A/B. It can be added to on the existing IS-95 network, and through channel assignment, can support both IS-95 or cdma2000 1X equipment on the network, so no equipment modification is needed when upgrading the entire network. The cBTS3612-800 features large-capacity design, modular structure and high integration. A single cabinet can accommodate up to 12 sector carriers. It also supports 36 sector carriers with three fully configured cabinets combined together. Its baseband processing employs the resources pool design to reduce equipment redundancy and improve reliability. Its Abis interface supports 16 E1s or 2 STM-1 optical interfaces (in the coming version), oriented to future high-speed data service. Its excellent inheritance guarantees the original antenna and feeder equipment

(including CDU, DFU, RLDU, antenna, feeder and the optional tower-top amplifier) can be fully used in the event of BTS expansion or upgrade. 1.2.3 Convenient Operation and Maintenance Emergency serial ports are provided for the board and system operation to ensure the alarm information to be reported in the case of communication link fault so as to raise the effective and real-time level of maintenance. Supporting the real-time status query, online board test and system fault locating as well as system restart. Provided with a Telnet Server so that the user can log in to the BTS via the local Ethernet interface in the standard Telnet mode to performance O&M. Supporting the Modem dial-up so that the remote O&M can be performed. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview All boards and modules support hot plug/unplug for the sake of ready maintenance, upgrade and expansion. Blind mate of the radio frequency module guarantees that all operations can be done at the front side of the equipment. During expansion and configuration, wiring at the back need not be modified. Its modularized structure reduces the internal connections and improves the reliability of the system, and thus makes the installation and maintenance easier. In the case of whole BTS interruption due to power supply or transmission causes, the cBTS3612-800 system can restart automatically right after the faults are cleared. 1.2.4 Flexible Networking Mode I. Suitable for networking of large capacity and broad coverage l A single cabinet supports as many as 12 sector carriers. 3 spliced cabinets provide a maximum capacity of 36 sector carriers. l Large capacity trunk. Abis interface of BTS can support as many as 16xE1 transmission. The coming version will support STM-1 optical transmission in ATM mode at Abis interface and provide two STM-1 ports for Abis interface trunk. l Support multiple BTS configurations such as omni 4 carriers, 1%3, 2%3, 12%3, 6%6 (carrier%sector). II. Support multiple BTS networking modes such as chain, star and tree Refer to "4.1 Transmission Networking" for details. III. Soft BTS networking (the SoftSite will be available in the coming version) IV. In this networking mode, the baseband adopts the centralized processing mode. The baseband signals and maintenance information are transferred through the fiber to the SoftSite (ODU3601C). The SoftSite can be applied indoors, outdoors or underground, and so on. The SoftSite, small in size, is equipped with built-in power supply, temperature regulator and environment monitoring device. It can be used in severe environments, e.g. outdoors. The feeder loss of the SoftSite is trivial, making large coverage of macro cells possible. SoftSites in the chain-networking mode are applicable to highways and subways. A maximum of 6 SoftSites can be connected in serial in one optical fiber. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.2.5 Advanced and Reliable Power Supply System 1 System Overview DC/DC power supply with -48V DC power input, +27V DC output. The whole power supply system is composed of 5 modules in full configuration, with automatic current equalization function, 4+1 backup, meeting the requirement of 8000W power supply. Current equalization hot backup, centralized management, and decentralized power supply. It makes the power supply system safer and more reliable. It provides automatic alarming and reverse connection protection through monitoring interface to the power fan, input under-voltage, output over-voltage and overheat. This ensures the safety of the power system. Remote power on/off function provides unattended BTS operation and remote maintenance. 1.3 Technical Index 1.3.1 General index I. Standard for structure design, physical appearance and dimension 1) Structure design complies with IEC297 standard and IEEE standard 2) Dimension of the cabinet l Height: 1800mm l Width: 800mm l Depth: 650mm 3) Package dimension of the cabinet should be not more than l Height: 1900mm l Width: 900mm l Depth: 750mm 4) Physical appearance of PCB and the dimension for installation l Base band board dimension: 33.35mm (H)%460mm (D), 2.5mm thick l Base band backplane dimension: 664.00mm (W)%262.00mm (H), 4.8mm thick II. Input power

-48V DC: -40~-60VDC III. Power consumption The maximum power consumption of a single cabinet in full configuration is no more than 7000W. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IV. Weight 1 System Overview The weight of a single cabinet in full configuration should not exceed 450kg. Weight bearing of the equipment room (battery weight not considered): 6kN/m2 Power consumption of a BTS with typical configuration and the weight of the cabinet:

BTS configuration Power consumption (W) Weight (kg) S(1/1/1) S(2/2/2) S(4/4/4)

<2000

<3500

<7000 351 388 500 V. Working frequency band BTS working frequency band:

l BTS receiver (RX): 824 ~ 849MHz l BTS transmitter (TX): 869 ~ 894MHz VI. Clock parameter Frequency: 10MHz, precision must be within !0.5Hz before delivery. Temperature characteristics: <!0.2%10-7, one-hour test after heating up for 15 minutes Annual aging rate: <!0.5%10-9 VII. Receiver sensitivity Better than-126dBm (tested according to TAI/EIA-97D) VIII. Transmit power The maximum power of each 1.23M carrier measured at the feeder port on the top of the BTS is 20W. 1.3.2 Radio Interface Index BTS receiver and transmitter work in 824~849MHz band and 869~894MHz band respectively. The performance meets or exceeds the requirement specified in TIA/EIA IS-97-D Recommended Minimum Performance Specification for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Base Station. Refer to "Appendix A Technical Performance of Receiver and Transmitter " for details. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-7 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.3.3 Environment Index 1 System Overview In terms of environment adaptability, cBTS3612-800 conforms with the following specifications:

IEC 60721-3 series, IEC 60068-2 and ETS 300 019-2 series. For details, please refer to Appendix C Environment Performance. 1.3.4 EMC Index compatibility EMC specification of cBTS3612-800 conforms with ETSI EN 300 386

(ERM), Electromagnetic Telecommunication network equipment, ElectroMagnetic Compatibility

(EMC) requirements, which are world-adopted standards. For details, please refer to Appendix B EMC Performance. spectrum Matters Radio and 1.3.5 Noise In compliance with ETS 300 753 Noise Requirement for telecommunication equipment and base station environment, BTS is designed in compliance with the requirement of a dedicated telecommunication equipment room, where noise should be less than 72dB. Actually the equipment noise is less than 70dB. 1.3.6 Environmental Protection BTS protects environment in stages of designing, manufacturing and running. Following environment friendly principles should be observed:

l Reduce power consumption of products whenever possible. l Compactness of products and energy saving in product transportation. l Recycle proposal attached to the product design. l Materials used for the equipment do not produce hazardous gas (except CO and HCl, which are inevitable). Do not use materials that may do harm to the environment (such as BeO, ream, mercury, cadmium and siloxane). 1.4 External Interface 1.4.1 Overview The external interfaces of cBTS3612-800 are shown in Figure 1-3. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-8 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Satellite Synchronization interface Test equipment Environment alarm box Test interface Environment alarm interface 1 System Overview Um interface BTS BSC OMC Abis interface OML interface MS Ethernet interface Remote maintenance serial port LMF MODEM PSTN Figure 1-3 BTS external interface l Um interface: interface with MS. l Abis interface: interface with BSC. l OML interface: interface with the remote OMC. It shares the transmission resources with Abis interface l LMF interface: interface with BTS local maintenance console. l System synchronization interface: including GPS/GLONASS antenna interface and system external synchronization interface. When GPS/GLONASS is not available and there is other clock synchronization equipment, the clock synchronization output of the equipment can be connected with the external synchronization interface of BTS system. l BTS test interface: provide interface for BTS test, such as 10MHz, 2s signal. l Remote maintenance serial interface: another interface with remote console. This is a standby maintenance interface when the active maintenance link between OMC and BTS is interrupted. l Environment alarm interface: interface with environment alarm collection box. 1.4.2 Um Interface I. Um interface overview In Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN), MS is connected with the fixed part of the network through the radio channel, which enables the subscribers to be connected with the network and to attain communication service. To implement interconnection 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-9 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview between MS and BSS, systematic rules and standards should be established for signal transmission on radio channels. The standard for regulating the radio channel signal transmission is called radio interface, or Um interface. Um interface is the most important interface among the many interfaces of CDMA system. Firstly, standardized radio interface ensures that MSs of different manufacturers are fully compatible with different networks. This is one of the fundamental conditions for the roaming function of CDMA system. Secondly, radio interface defines the spectrum availability and capacity of CDMA system. Um interface operates with the following features:

l Channels structure and access capacity. l Communication protocol between MS and BSS. l Maintenance and operation features. l Performance features. l Service features. II. Um interface protocol mode Um interface protocol stack can be in 3 layers, as shown in Figure 1-4. Figure 1-4 Um interface layered structure 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-10 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview l Layer 1 is the physical layer, i.e. the bottom layer. It includes various physical channels, providing a basic radio channel for the transmission of higher layer information. l Layer 2 is the data link layer, including Medium Access Control (MAC) sublayer and Link Access Control (LAC) sublayer. The cdma2000 MAC sublayer performs the mapping between logic channels and physical channels, and providing RLP function. The cdma2000 LAC sublayer performs such functions as authentication, ARQ, addressing and packet organization. l Layer 3 is the top layer. It performs radio Resource Management (RM), Mobility Management (MM) and Connection Management (CM) through the air interface. III. Physical layer 1) Working band Cellular band:

Reverse (MS? BTS): 824 ~ 849MHz. Forward (BTS? MS): 869 ~ 894MHz. Duplex spacing: 25MHz. Channel bandwidth: 1.23MHz Carrier spacing: 1.25MHz 2) Physical layer function l Service bearer: the physical channel in the physical layer provides a bearer for the logic channel of the higher layer. l Bit error check: the physical layer provides a transmission service with error protection, including error checking and error correction. l User identification: the physical layer provides an exclusive ID for every user by code division. 3) Radio configuration The cdma2000 physical layer supports multiple Radio Configurations (RC). Different RCs support different traffic channel data rates. For detailed introduction, please refer to Section 4.5.4 Radio Configuration and Channel Support. IV. Data link layer Data link layer at Um interface includes two sublayers: MAC and LAC. The purpose of introducing MAC and LAC is to:

l Support higher level services (signaling, voice, packet data and circuit data). l Support data services of multiple rates (from 1.2kbit/s to 2Mbit/s). l Support packet data service and circuit data service of higher quality (QoS). 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-11 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview l Support multi-media service, i.e. processing voices, packet data and circuit data of different QoS levels at the same time. 1) MAC sublayer To support data service and multi-media service, cdma2000 1x provides powerful MAC layer to ensure the reliability of services. MAC layer provides two important functions:

l Provide radio link protocol (RLP), ensuring reliable transmission on the radio link. l Provide multiplex function and QoS function, with diversified services and higher service quality. 2) LAC sublayer layer performs such LAC authentication and addressing. functions as ARQ (Automatic Repeat Request), V. Layer 3 The higher management, mobility management and call control management of air interface. functions such as radio resource layer signaling performs the 1) Radio resource management It is mainly used to create, operate and release radio channels, performing functions such as soft switching, softer switching and hard switching. 2) Mobility management It is mainly used to support the mobility features of the mobile user, performing such functions as registration, authentication and TMSI re-distribution. 3) Call control It is mainly used to create, maintain and terminate calls in circuit switching mode. VI. Power control Um interface utilizes power control technology to reduce the system interference and improve the system capacity. There are forward power control and reverse power control. 1) Forward power control supports closed-loop power control Forward closed-loop power control means that MS checks the quality of received frames and received power, makes judgment and sends request to BTS for controlling BTS transmitting power. Then BTS adjusts its transmitting power according to the request. Power control command is sent at a rate of 50bit/s or 800bit/s. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-12 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview Forward power control includes power control based on power measurement report, control based on EIB, and quick forward power control. 2) Reverse power control includes open-loop power control and closed-loop power control. l Reverse open-loop power control means that MS adjusts its transmitting power as the receiving power changes. l Reverse closed-loop power control means that BTS compares the received MS transmitting power with the preset power control threshold and sends power control command based on the comparison. MS changes its transmitting power as required by the received power control command. Power control commands are transmitted on F-TCH at a rate of 800bit/s. For more information about power control, please refer to Section 4.5.1 Power Control. VII. Handoff Um interface can utilize many handoff technologies. It supports three types of handoff in traffic channel communication:

1) Hard handoff: MS interrupts the connection with the old BTS before creating connection with a new BTS. 2) Soft handoff: MS creates connection with a new BTS while maintaining the connection with the existing one. 3) Softer handoff: soft handoff that occurs in different sectors of the same BTS. Soft handoff technology can improve the rate of handoff success, reduce dropouts and effectively improve the system performance. For more information, please refer to Section 4.5.2 Handoff. 1.4.3 Abis Interface I. Abis interface overview Abis interface is defined as the interface between BSC and BTS, the two functional entities in the base station subsystem (BSS). It is the interface for BTS accessing BSC via the terrestrial link. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-13 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1) Composition of Abis interface 1 System Overview Abis interface consists of three parts: Abis service, Abis signaling and OML signaling, as shown in Figure 1-5. Abis service is the interface connecting SDU of BSC and the channel unit of BTS. It is used to bear user service. Abis signaling is the signaling transmission channel between BSC and BTS. It is used to control the cell setup, transmission of messages in paging channels and access channels and call setup & release. OML signaling is used to perform operation and maintenance. It is a customized signaling by equipment manufacturers. In Abis interface, there is a transparent channel, used to transmit customized signaling OML between OMC and OMU on BTS. SPU SDU BSC L M O A b i s S i g n A b i s T r O M L a a f f i l i n c g r affic bis T A Abis Interface g n alin bis Sig A MC CEs OMU BTS OMU CEs MC BTS SPUSignaling Process Unit SDUSelection/Distribution Unit MC Main Control CEs Channel Elements OMUOperation & Maintenace Unit Figure 1-5 Composition of Abis interface 2) Protocol stack of Abis interface The protocol stacks used by Abis signaling and the signaling performing operation &

maintenance are as follows:

Abis Signaling Application/OAM Application TCP IP AAL5 ATM 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-14 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Physical Layer Protocol stacks used by Abis service are as follows:

1 System Overview Abis Traffic SSSAR AAL2 ATM Physical Layer II. Physical layer of Abis interface The physical layer of Abis interface can use E1/T1 interface or STM-1 interface. With E1/T1 interface used, its physical electric parameters comply with CCITT G.703 recommendations. The multiple E1/T1 trunk lines transmit ATM cells by means of inverse multiplexing on ATM (IMA). III. Data link layer of Abis interface ATM is used in the data link layer of Abis interface. Signaling matches with AAL5 and is borne in IPOA (IP Over ATM) mode. At Abis interface, Abis signaling path connects the main control software (MC) and SPU of BSC via PVC to transmit Abis signaling. So it is with the transmission path of signaling that performs operation & maintenance. It also uses PVC to connect OMU of BTS and BSC, which will transmit it to OMC transparently. BSC does not process any signaling that performs operation and maintenance. Abis service adapts itself through AAL2. At Abis interface, BCPM uses several PVCs to connect the channel unit of BTS and SDU of BSC, for BTS to transmit the uplink data received from the air interface to BSC, and for BSC to transmit the downlink data to be transmitted via the air interface to BTS. IV. The Layer 3 of Abis interface--service management. At Abis interface, Abis signaling and Abis service are in the domain of service management. Specifically, Abis service management includes the following functions:

1) BTS logic operation & maintenance function l Resource status indication: with this function, BTS requests logic configuration from BSC, reports logic status to BSC and checks logic resource regularly. l Cell configuration function: with this function, BSC configures logic parameters of cells to BTS, specifically including cell pilot channel PN offset, sector gain, public channel number and parameter. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-15 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview l General message updating: with this function, BSC configures or update general message to BTS. l Cell breath control function. l Cell blocking function. l Radio measurement report function. 2) Common channel management procedure Paging channel management procedure: it is used to transmit paging channel messages that BSC send to MSs through Abis interface. Access channel management procedure: it is used to transmit access channel messages that are received on the access channel of BTS to BSC through Abis interface. 3) Procedure of dedicated channel creation and release It is used to control the setup and release of air dedicated radio channel and Abis interface terrestrial channel. Abis interface supports the setup and release of various dedicated channels specified in IS95A/B and cdma2000 1x, specifically IS95-SCCH, IS2000-FCH, IS2000-DCCH and IS2000-SCH. IS95-FCH, including Each radio channel is allocated with one AAL2 link on Abis interface to bear user service data. Caution:

Softer handoff is only allocated with one AAL2 link on Abis interface. 4) Service bearing procedure BTS needs to process Abis interface frame protocol, to transmit the data received from the reverse traffic channel at the air interface to BSC and the data that BSC sends through the forward traffic channel at the air interface. Traffic channel bearing procedure also performs functions such as AAL2 service matching, time adjustment of service data frame, reverse external loop power control adjustment and forward power control adjustment. 5) Power control Abis interface supports various power controls of CDMA. Power control is performed through setting parameters. Power control falls into 4 types: forward fast closed-loop 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-16 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview power control, forward slow closed-loop power control, reverse fast closed-loop power control and reverse open-loop power control. 1.4.4 OML Interface OML interface is the interface between BTS and remote OMC. It is actually one of Abis interface applications. But in the application layer, OML interface is the interface between BTS and the remote OMC. OML interface shares resources of Abis interface, including physical layer, ATM, AAL5 and TCP/IP. Refer to Abis interface. OML interface is used for OMC to perform operation and maintenance to BTS. It is a signaling defined by various manufacturers. On Abis interface, it is a transparent path. 1.4.5 LMF Interface LMF interface is the interface between BTS and local maintenance function (LMF). Its interface protocol stack is shown as below:

LMF Signaling Application (self-defined) TCP IP Data Link Layer Physical Layer (10/100 Base-T) 1.4.6 System Synchronization Interface System synchronization interface includes GPS/GLONASS antenna interface and system external synchronization interface. 1) GPS/GLONASS antenna interface: GPS is in compliance with ICD200c:

IRN-200C-001-IRN-200C-004: Interface Control Document of GPS. GLONASS is in compliance with GPS/GLONASS Receiver Interface Language (GRIL). 2) System external synchronization interface: the external synchronization interface without GSP/GLONASS the requirement of Technical Specifications of Interface Between GPS/GLONASS Dual-Mode Receiver and Base Station in CDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Communication Network. in compliance with is 1.4.7 BTS Test Interface BTS test interface provides 10MHz and 2s signals that may be necessary for testers. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-17 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1.4.8 Remote Maintenance Serial Port 1 System Overview Remote maintenance serial port is an RS-232 serial port, connected with PSTN via an external Modem. It is used for emergence maintenance by dial-up with a modem when OML between OMC and BTS is interrupted. 1.4.9 Environment Alarm Interface Environment alarm interface is an RS-485 serial port, connected with the external environment alarm collection box, performing a centralized monitoring to the environment. A communication protocol defined by manufacturer is used between BTS and the environment alarm collection box. Therefore, BTS must support an environment alarm collection box of the matched type. 1.5 Reliability Design Reliability design of a system is shown in the stability and reliability of the product running. Huawei cBTS3612-800 is designed based on reference to the following standards:

l YD/T 1029-1999 800MHz General Technical Specifications of CDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Communication Network Equipment l YD/T 1030-1999 800MHz Technical Requirement for Interface of CDMA Digital Cellular Mobile Communication Network l TIA/EIA/IS-97D Minimum Performance Standard of CDMA Base Station l Huawei product reliability design index and related technical specifications The design of all boards is in strict accordance with the requirement of above standards pertaining to reliability design. Many measures have been taken to ensure the reliability of boards. In addition, some key parts of the system are designed with redundancy (such as active/standby mode and resource pool) to improve the reliability of the system. The reliability model of the system is as shown in Figure 1-6. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-18 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview GPWS BCIM GPWS BCIM BTRM BTRM 2 1 1 Standby BCKM Active BCKM 2 1 36 36 BHPA BHPA 1 BCPM BCPM RLDU RLDU RLDU 12 1 3 1 BRDM BRDM CDU CDU BCIM: BTS control interface module BCPM: BTS channel processing module BTRM: BTS transceiver module RLDU: Receive LNA distribution unit Figure 1-6 BTS reliability model BCKM: BTS control & clock module BRDM: BTS resource distribution module BHPA: BTS high power amplifier unit CDU: Combining duplexer unit 6 1 6 1 System reliability index:

MTBF: 100000 hours

& Note:

MTTR: 1 hour A : 99.999%

Reliability refers to the product capability of performing specified functions in the specified conditions and specified time. There are 3 main index to describe the reliablity of a system:

MTBF: Mean Time Between Failures, normally applicable to recoverable systems. MTTR: Mean Time To Repair, inlcuding the time of fault checking, isolation, unit replacement and recovery. A: Availability, a comprehensive index to measure the system availability. 1.5.1 Hardware Reliability Design cBTS3612-800 is designed with substantial hardware reliability, such as board active/standby mode, load sharing and redundancy configuration. In addition, system maintainability is improved with fault checking and isolation technology on the board and system. In respect of hardware reliability, the following considerations have been taken:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-19 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station I. De-rating design 1 System Overview To improve system reliability and prolong the service life of components, components are carefully selected and strictly tested, and less stress (electrical stress and temperature stress) is to be borne than its designed rating. II. Redundancy design Redundant configuration of key units is applied in the BTS system. The system or equipment will not fail unless the specified sets of units fail. In the BTS system common measures such as active/standby and load-sharing modes are adopted, e.g. for BCIM, BCPM and BCKM. III. Selection and control of components The category, specifications and manufacturers of the components are carefully selected and reviewed according to the requirements of the product reliability and maintainability. The replaceability and normalization of components is one of the main factors for the decision, which help to reduce the types of components used and hence improve the availability of the system. IV. Board level reliability design Many measures have been taken to improve the board reliability. Moreover, the system reliability is improved through the redundancy design of key parts. l Key circuits are designed by Huawei, which lays the foundation of high reliability. l The hardware WATCHDOG is equipped for the board, and the board can automatically reset in case of fault. l The board is provided with the functions of over-current and over-voltage protection and the function of temperature detection. l The board also provides emergency serial port, and can keep contact with the main control board in case of emergency. l Strict thermal analysis and simulation tests are conducted during the design of boards for the purpose of ensuring longtime operation. l The board software and important data is stored in the non-volatile memory of the boards, so that the board can be restarted when the software upgrading fails. V. Overvoltage and overcurrent protection The BTS system provides various means of over-voltage and over-current protection. l Over-voltage and over-current hardware protection is provided for the DC/DC power supply module. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-20 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview l For secondary power supply to boards, slow-start measures is taken to prevent the great impact on the whole power supply load when the boards are powered on. Fuse is installed for each board against over-current. l For E1 interface circuit, serial-port circuit and network interface circuit, protection measures are taken in accordance with the corresponding design specifications of Huawei. VI. Power supply reliability The reliability of power supply is improved by means of over-current and over-voltage protection, internal temperature adjustment, and redundancy backup. VII. Fault detection, location and removal The BTS system is equipped with the functions of self-detection and fault diagnosis that can record and output various faults. The common software and hardware faults can be corrected automatically. The hardware fault detection functions include fault locating, isolating and automatic switchover. The maintenance engineers can identify the faulty boards easily with the help of the maintenance console. When faults occur to software, certain automatic error-correction function like will be executed, including restarting and reloading. The BTS system also provides manual and automatic re-initialization of different levels, and supports the reloading of configuration data files and board execution programs. VIII. Fault tolerance When faults occur, the line usually will not be blocked, as the BTS system provides the E1 connection in conformity with the IMA protocol, and has certain line backup capabilities. The boards of important devices in the system have been backed up, ensuring that the BTS system can switch the service from the faulty board to a normal board, or perform reconfiguration of the system. The system will make a final confirmation on a hardware fault through repeated detection, thus avoiding the system reconfiguration of QoS deterioration due to contingent faults. IX. Thermal design The influence of temperature on the BTS system has been considered in the design of the system. Thermal design primarily concerns the selection of components, circuit 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-21 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview design (including error tolerance, drift design and derating design), structure design and heat dissipation, so that the BTS system can work reliably in a wide range of temperatures. The first consideration in thermal design is to balance the heat distribution of the system. Corresponding measures are taken in the place where heat is more likely to be accumulated. X. Maintainability The purpose of maintainability design is to define the workload and nature of the maintenance, so as to cut the maintenance time. The main approaches adopted include standardization, modularization, error prevention, and testability improvement which can simplify the product maintenance work. XI. EMC design The design should ensure that cBTS3612-800 would not degrade to an unacceptable level due to the electromagnetic interference from other equipment in the same electromagnetic environment. At the same time, cBTS3612-800 will not cause other equipment in the same electromagnetic environment to degrade to an unacceptable level due to the EMI from it. XII. Electromagnetic compatibility Proper measures are applied to ensure that the BTS system performance will not be degraded due to the electromagnetic interference from other devices in the same electromagnetic environment, nor will other devices or systems in the same environment be degraded by the BTS system. 1.5.2 Software Reliability Measures Software reliability mainly includes protection performance and fault tolerance capability. I. Protection performance The key to improve software reliability is to reduce software defects. BTS ensures the software reliability in the whole process from system requirement analysis, system design to system test. Starting from the requirement analysis, software development process is going under regulations such as CMM (Capability Mature Mode) and controlling faults in the initial stage. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-22 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 1 System Overview In software design, much attention is devoted to the designing method and implementation: the software is designed in a modular structure, and in a loose coupling mechanism. When a fault occurs to one module, other modules will not be affected. In addition, measures of precaution such as fault checking, isolating and clearing are also important in improving the system reliability. Other effective methods include code scanning, inspection, and sectional test. Various software tests are necessary to improve the software reliability. Test staff are engaged in the whole software develop process, from unit test to system test. They make plans strictly compliant with the demand of the upper level flow. plans ensure the improvement of software reliability. Additionally, test plans are improved with the tests and become more and more applicable. II. Fault tolerance capability Fault tolerance capability of the software system means that the whole system would not collapse when a minor software fault occurs, i.e. the system has the self-healing capability. The fault tolerance of software is shown in the following aspects:

l All boards work in a real-time operating system of high reliability. l Important data on BCKM are real-time backed up in active/standby mode. Operation is switched to the standby board when a fault occurs. l When a fault occurs to some transmission links, services borne on them can be transferred to other links smoothly. l Each board's software saved on the board has a static backup on BCKM. l If software loading fails, the system can return to the version that was loaded successfully last time. l Important operations are recorded in log files. l Different authority levels are provided for operations, to prevent users from performing unauthorized operations. l Prompts are given for the operations that will cause system reboot such as reset operation, which requests the operator to confirm it before executing such operation. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1-23 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture 2 Hardware Architecture The beginning of this chapter is a briefing of cBTS3612-800 hardware architecture, followed by the details of four subsystems: baseband, RF, antenna & feeder and power supply system. This chapter also covers BTS environment monitoring and lightning protection systems. 2.1 Overview In cdma2000 1X mobile communication system, BTS functions as a radio relay. One end is connected with MS through Um interface and the other end connected with BSC through Abis interface. The block diagram of BTS is as shown in Figure 2-1. BSC Abis interface BCIM BCPM Test interface RS232 Ethernet port RS485 RS485 Test equipment Modem LMF BFMM Environment alarm collection External synchronization GPS/GLONASS receive antenna l e n a p k c a B s u b s u b k c o C l y c n e g r e m E t r o p l a i r e s Optical fiber RS485 s u b a t a d d e e p s

h g H i BCKM BRDM

. Optical fiber Baseband subsystem RS485

-48VDC GND RS485 POWER Power supply subsystem Figure 2-1 BTS block diagram BHPA BTRM BBFM BHPA BHPA BHPA BTRM BTRM BBFM CDU RLDU CDU RLDU RF subsystem Um interface RF receive/ transmit antenna Um interface RF receive/ transmit antenna

+27VDC GND

& Note:

In Figure 2-1, DFU can be used to replace CDU or used together with CDU. The difference between CDU and DFU is as below:

CDU: Combining and filterring of two transmitting carriers, main transmitting and receiving signals duplexing and isolating, and diversity receiving signal filtering. DFU: Transmitting and receiving signal duplexing, isolating and filtering of one channel, diversity receiving signal filtering. BTS is mainly composed of baseband subsystem, RF subsystem, antenna & feeder subsystem (which comprises RF receive/transmit antenna and GPS/GLONASS receive antenna) and power supply subsystem. Baseband subsystem in physical 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-1 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture structure also carries a clock synchronization unit, receiving GPS/GLONASS clock and providing system time, synchronous clock and frequency reference. I. Baseband subsystem The main functions of baseband subsystem are: processing Abis interface protocol, modulating/demodulating baseband data, channel encoding/decoding, processing protocols of physical interface, system operation/maintenance and connecting baseband data optical interface of RF module. layer and MAC through air layer Baseband subsystem is located in the BTS baseband subrack. It consists of BTS Control & Clock Module (BCKM), BTS Resource Distribution Module (BRDM), BTS Channel Processing Module (BCPM), BTS Control Interface Module (BCIM) and CDMA Baseband Backplane Module (CBKM). Functions of all boards are highlighted as follows:

1) BCKM At most 2 BCKMs are configured, as hot mutual backup. BCKM receives GPS signals

(or other synchronized satellite signals), generates local clock and provides time signals 16%1.2288MHz, 10MHz, PP2S for the boards in the system. This is mainly the responsibility of the clock module of BCKM. Besides clock signal, BCKM also provides main control function for channel resources. Its MPU module performs a number of operations and functions such as resource management, equipment management, performance monitoring, configuration management, software downloading, MPU active/standby switching over, operation & maintenance (O&M) and environment monitoring interface, as well as board control inside the system. 2) BRDM BRDM is logically located between BTRM and BCPM. The data sent by BTRM module are sent to BRDM via the optical fiber. Then BRDM distributes and pastes the data before sending them to BCPMs via the high-speed data bus. BRDM can also build daisy chains for BCPMs. The resource management mode of BRDM daisy chain makes BCPM provide shorter daisy chains (short daisy chain hereinafter). After pasting at BRDM, a standard daisy chain is formed, which helps to improve the utilization ratio of channel resource and facilitates the flexible configuration of channel capacity for each sector carrier. BRDM interacts O&M information with BCKM through the backplane bus. The emergency serial port of BRDM is attached to the UART of the backplane as a standby node. 3) BCPM BCPM processes BTS baseband signals, both for the forward service and reverse service. For forward service, it performs functions such as encoding (convolutional code, TURBO code), interleave, spectrum spreading, modulation and data multiplexing. For reverse service, it performs functions such as demultiplexing, demodulation, de-interleave and decoding (convolutional code, TURBO code). Regarding the user data flow, BCPM is between BRDM and BCIM. 4) BCIM BCIM performs data transmission between BTS and BSC of the BSS, including voices, data and O&M commands. With the Inverse Multiplexing on ATM (IMA) technology, BCIM multiplexes the BTS uplink data to IMA group that is composed of multiple E1s, and then transmits it to BSC via coaxial or optical fiber. Inversely, it can also demultiplex the IMA group from BSC into an ATM cell flow and transmit it to BTS boards via the backplane bus. 5) CBKM 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-2 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture CBKM performs interconnection of high-speed data links between boards in the baseband part and the interconnection of various management and control signals of boards. II. RF subsystem BTS RF subsystem is composed of five parts: BTS transceiver module (BTRM), BTS High Power Amplifier Module (BHPA), BTS Transceiver Backplane Module (BTBM), Combining Duplexer Unit (CDU), Duplexer Filter Unit (DFU) and Receive LNA Distribution Unit (RLDU). Functions of all parts are briefed as follows:

1) BTRM BTRM consists of BTS Intermediate Frequency Module (BIFM), BTS Intermediate Frequency Control Module (BICM) and BTS Radio frequency up/down-conversion Module (BRCM). Its functions are as follows:

BIFM: BIFM performs such functions as A/D conversion in the reverse receiving path and D/A conversion frequency up-down-conversion, received filtering, baseband molded filtering, Digit Automatic Gain Control (DAGC), uplink & downlink RF automatic gain control (AGC), multiplexing/demultiplexing to forward & reverse orthogonal (IQ) signals, clock recovery and RF module operation & maintenance. transmitting path, digital forward the in BICM is a small plate mounted on the BIFM. It performs the control over BTRM, including power-on initialization, function configuration, alarm collection and reporting, and processing of O&M related messages. BRCM: BRCM is composed of 5 logic functional units: main/diversity transmit unit, main/diversity receive unit and frequency source unit. l Main/diversity transmit unit realizes analog up-conversion and spurious suppressed filtering regarding each carrier BTS main/diversity transmitted signal output by BIFM. l Main/diversity receive unit realizes analog frequency down-conversion, channel regarding BTS selective main/diversity received signals output by RF receive front RLDU. receive nose coefficient control filtering and l Frequency source unit combines the low phase noise, high stability local oscillation signals that are necessary for the analog frequency conversion in transmit and receive paths. 2) BHPA BHPA performs high power linear amplification to a transmitted carrier signal, checks its own working status in real time mode and generates alarm. It is composed of main signal power amplification unit and signal checking alarm unit. Signal checking and alarming is to check whether the input is too excited, whether the temperature is too high or whether the gain is lowered strikingly (device failure). 3) BTBM BTBM performs structure support and signal interconnection between BTRM and BHPA. 4) CDU Combining and filterring of two transmitting carriers, main transmitting and receiving signals duplexing and isolating, and diversity receiving signal filtering. 5) DFU 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-3 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture Transmitting and receiving signal duplexing, isolating and filtering of one channel, diversity receiving signal filtering. 6) RLDU RLDU performs low noise amplification and division to the receiving signals, providing standing wave alarm and forward power checking voltage output, checking the physical connection status of the antenna port in real time mode and monitoring whether the output of BRCM, BHPA signals is normal. III. Antenna & feeder subsystem BTS antenna & feeder subsystem includes two parts: RF antenna & feeder and dual-satellite synchronization antenna & feeder. The former mainly transmits the modulated RF signals and receives MS information while the latter provides precise synchronization for CDMA system. IV. Power supply subsystem Power supply subsystem consists of power input component (EMI filter, lightning arrester of power), high power DC/DC power supply module, power distribution box, medium/low power DC/DC power supply module for boards (or modules). In BTS equipment, the power supply subsystem provides all power for the BTS. 2.2 Baseband Subsystem 2.2.1 Overview The baseband subsystem is one of the major parts of BTS. Its block diagram is as shown in Figure 2-2. BSC E1 BCIM BCKM

. Other functional units Emergency serial port Clock bus Backplane bus BCPM High-speed data bus BRDM Optical fiber BTRM Figure 2-2 Block diagram of baseband subsystem 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-4 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture Baseband subsystem is connected with BSC through Abis interface provided by BCIM. The transmission in this subsystem is performed through E1 trunk (The coming version will provide STM-1 optical transmission). BRDM and BTRM are connected through an optical fiber to support RF module extended afar mode. Baseband subsystem also provides some other interfaces through BCKM:

l LMF interface: 10/100 Base-T interface, connecting Local Maintenance Function

(LMF). l Remote maintenance serial port: The interface is an RS232 serial port, connected with PSTN via an external Modem. When OML between OMC and BTS is interrupted, maintenance can be performed through telephone line dial-up connection. l GPS/GLONASS antenna interface: It is used to receive clock signal from GPS/GLONASS. l System external synchronization interface: When GPS/GLONASS is not available, it makes the system clock synchronous to an external clock. l Fan module interface: It is connected with fan module through RS485 serial port, monitoring the module. l Environment alarm interface: It is connected with an external environment alarm collection box, providing environment monitoring alarm information of the equipment and monitoring information of the primary power supply. l Power monitoring interface: It is connected with power supply module, reporting various alarm information of the power supply. l Test interface: It provides interface for BTS test, such as 10MHz, 2s signals. Baseband subsystem is physically located in the baseband subrack, powered by power supply subsystem (power supply subsystem is in the power subrack). Boards generate their own 3.3V, 1.8V power through the distributed power supply module. The configuration of baseband subrack (including board position) is as shown in Figure 2-3. 0 B C I M 1 2 3 B C I M B C P M B C P M 4 B C P M 5 B C P M 6 B C P M 7 B C P M 8 B R D M 9 B R D M 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 B C K M B C K M B R D M B R D M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B R D M B R D M Figure 2-3 Baseband subrack configuration Baseband subrack supports the following boards:

l BCIM: BTS control interface module, to be inserted in E1 interface slot, providing Abis interface for connection with BSC and supporting E1/T1 transmission. In the coming version, BCIM slot can also accommodate BEOM (BTS Electric-Optical Module), to support STM-1 optical transmission. l BCPM: BTS channel process board, processing the data of CDMA forward channel and reverse channel. l BRDM: BTS resource distribution module, connecting BCPM and RF module, realizing the control of resource pool for BCPM. l BCKM: BTS control & clock board, providing clock for BTS system and realizing the control of BTS system resource. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-5 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.2.2 Control & Clock Module (BCKM) I. Overview 2 Hardware Architecture BCKM is located in the baseband subrack of BTS. BCKM performs two major functions: main control module (MPU, Main Processing Unit) and clock module (CLK, Clock). Here MPU performs Abis interface signaling processing, O&M management, while CLK provides reference clock signal for the whole BTS system. Main functions of BCKM:

l MPU module provides BTS system with a hardware control platform, on which the operating system and system software are running to implement control and management tasks of BTS system. l Perform operation and maintenance via the backplane bus to other boards in the baseband subrack, making in band signaling communication. l Connected with external LAN (Local Area Network) and WAN (Wide Area Network) through the 10/100M compatible Ethernet interface, for the use of local/remote O&M or program debugging. The Ethernet port uses international physical address (MAC, Medium Access Control) and IP(IP, Internet Protocol) address. It can be allocated with external LAN/WAN address. l The active/standby asynchronous serial port serves as a path for out-of-band signaling backup. MPU functions as the main node and other boards functions as the standby nodes. When a fault occurs to the in-band signaling path, signaling communication can be maintained with this standby path. l Provide an interface connected with Modem in compliance with RS232 serial communication standard, providing remote maintenance and monitoring in case of OML link failure. l Connected with an external monitoring module in compliance with RS485 room environment standard, collecting and processing information (such as fire alarm/water soaking/temperature/humidity). the equipment l CLK unit is the clock source of BTS system, providing working clock for all boards. It provides high precision oscillation clock or can be synchronous with an external clock (such as GPS clock). l BCKM has active/standby switching function, working in active/standby mode in the system. When a fault occurs to the active BCKM, the standby BCKM is switched to active status under the control of specific software. A fault occurring to either MPU or CLK module of the BCKM will result in the switching of the whole BCKM. II. Structure and principle The structure of BCKM module is as shown in Figure 2-4. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-6 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture BCKM MPU module Clock module CBKM Backplane bus module Backplane bus Other functional units

. External communication unit Power supply module Figure 2-4 Structure of BCKM module BCKM comprises the following parts:

1) MPU module MPU controls initialize components. management over BTS system through system software. logic circuits to It realizes control and 2) Clock module Clock module is the clock source of BTS, providing working clock for boards. Clock module is available in two modes: external synchronization mode (locked mode) and free oscillation mode (holdover mode). The clock module can provide high precision oscillation clock (voltage control constant temperature crystal oscillator) or get synchronized with external clock source (GPS, GLONASS, external synchronization equipment). 3) Backplane bus module The fast communication port of the main control CPU is connected with other boards of BTS through the backplane bus module, processing or transmitting O&M signaling from other boards of BTS (BRDM, BCPM and BCIM). 4) External communication module External communication module utilizes the multiple communication control ports provided by the main control CPU, implementing functions such as LMF interface, external monitoring module interface, maintenance terminal interface, debugging interface, test module interface and out-of-band signaling serial port. 5) Power supply module BCKM includes two isolated secondary power supply modules, converting +27V voltage into +5V, +3.3V and +2.5V to supply power for various modules of local board. III. Interface l Remote maintenance serial port (RS232) l 10/100 Base-T LMF interface l GPS/Glonass antenna port l 2s and 10MHz test port l Inter-board interface Interfaces with other boards in the baseband subrack. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-7 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station IV. Index 2 Hardware Architecture The board area is 460mm%233.35mm, powered with +27V, power consumption

<20W. 2.2.3 Control Interface Module (BCIM) I. Overview BCIM is located in BTS baseband subrack. It is a functional entity for the connection of BTS and BSC. Its major functions are as follows:

l In uplink direction, backplane bus receives O&M command from BCKM and service data from BCPM, and transmit ATM cells on the multiple E1 links with IMA technology in compliance with G.804 standards to BSC. l In downlink direction, it receives ATM cells distributed on the multiple E1 links from BSC, multiplexes them into a single ATM cell flow with IMA technology and finally sends to corresponding processing boards through the backplane bus. l Each BCIM provides 8xE1 links, which can support at most 4xIMA groups. In BTS, there are two BCIM, providing physical interfaces with BSC in load sharing mode. At most 16xE1 links can be provided. l Communicate with BSC through IMA state machine program on the local board, monitoring the working status of E1 link and ensuring the implementation of IMA protocol. l Transmit O&M command through backplane bus or out-of-band signaling serial port, report the status information of the local board to BCKM and provide interface for board maintenance and network management. II. Structure and principle The structure of BCIM is as shown in Figure 2-5. Data bus RS232 BCKM Backplane bus Backplane bus module CPU module IMA module E1

. BESP Clock module Control bus Power supply module Figure 2-5 Structure of BCIM module BCIM comprises the following parts:

1) IMA module 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-8 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture The purpose of IMA is to inversely multiplex an ATM cell flow based on cells onto multiple physical links for transmission. Another purpose is to remotely multiplex the cell flows transmitted on different physical connections into a single ATM cell flow. In uplink direction, IMA module receives AAL2 service cells from BCPM and AAL5 signaling cells from BCKM through the backplane bus. It splits the ATM cell flow into cells, transmits them on multiple E1 link according to G.804 standard before sending it to BSC. In downlink direction, it receives ATM cells from BSC that are distributed on multiple E1 trunk lines, inversely multiplexes it into a single ATM cell flow. Then it sends AAL2 service cells to BCPM and AAL5 signaling cells to BCKM through the backplane bus 2) CPU module The main control CPU on BCIM implements such functions as initialization of devices on BCIM, IMA protocol processing, executing OAM function of IMA as well as E1 trunk line management and communication with BCKM. 3) Backplane bus module BCIM communicates with other boards in the baseband part through the backplane bus module, including control information communication with BCKM and service data communication with BCPM. 4) Power supply module Implement DC-DC power conversion from +27V to 3.3V. 5) Clock module Provide working clock for the local board. III. Interface l E1 interface Interface with BSC l Backplane bus interface Interface with other boards in the baseband part. l RS-232 serial port Interface with BCKM, as an emergency serial port IV. Index The board size is 460mm%233.35mm, powered with +27V, power consumption<10W. 2.2.4 Channel Processing Module (BCPM) I. Overview BCPM is logically located between BRDM and E1 interface board on BTS. BCPM is the service processing board of the system with12PCS in full configuration. It is of much importance. Data of various forward channel services and reverse channel services are processed by this board. BCPM also processes digital signals, including encoding/decoding baseband signals and one-time modulation and demodulation of baseband. In addition, it processes high layer control signals. The main functions are as follows:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-9 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l In forward direction, after ATM cell data from the network side are processed by the high performance processor, BCPM performs functions such as encoding

(convolutional code, TURBO code), interleave, spread spectrum, modulation and data multiplexing and converts them into high-speed signals. Then the signals are processed by a dedicated processing chip and transmitted through the radio interface side of the channel board. l In reverse direction, data received by BCPM are demultiplexed, demodulated, de-interlaced and decoded (convolutional code, TURBO code). Then under the control of the high performance processor, the data are connected with BSC via E1 interface in the form of ATM cells. l BCPM supports in-board and inter-board daisy chains, forming a resource-processing pool. l High performance processor, two kernels, internal cache, level-2 cache can be attached externally at the same time. It has powerful processing capacity. II. Structure and principle BCPM module comprises the following parts as shown in Figure 2-6:

BCPM High-speed data bus BRDM Multiplex/demultiplex module Baseband processing module Data bus Control bus Backplane bus Backplane bus module Data bus CPU module RS232 BCKM Clock module Power module Figure 2-6 Structure of BCPM module 1) Multiplex/demultiplex module In forward direction, baseband data in the channel board should be multiplexed into high-speed signals and sent to radio side in the form of differential signals. In reverse direction, the high-speed differential signals are demultiplexed and sent to baseband processing chip. 2) Baseband processing module The QUALCOMM new generation processing chip is used to perform forward and reverse baseband data processing. With the help of in-board and inter-board data daisy chains, channel processing quantity is increased greatly. Supporting 6 sectors, the maximum rate at physical level of each sector carrier reaches 403.2kbit/s and 307.2kbit/s in forward and reverse direction respectively. 3) CPU module The high performance control CPU on BCPM mainly processes the forward & reverse high-speed service data and control data and reports board status. At the network 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-10 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture side, the processing module receives control signaling, receives/ transmits ATM cells and communicates with BSC through E1 interface. At the radio side, it controls the baseband dedicated chip processing chip to generate orthogonal (IQ) data. After multiplexing, the data pass BRDM as a high-speed differential signal, to implement data interaction with radio side. 4) Backplane bus module BCPM communicates with other boards in the BTS baseband part through backplane bus, including control information communication with BCKM and service data communication with E1 interface board. 5) Clock module Perform double-frequency phase-locking to the clock signals from the backplane, provide clock for boards, and drive and co-phase the clock signals generated on the local board, to get a satisfactory clock signal. 6) Power supply module Perform DC-DC power conversion from +27V to 3.3V. III. Interface l High-speed data bus interface Interface with BRDM. l Backplane bus interface Interface with other boards of baseband part l RS232 serial port Interface with BCKM, which is used as emergency serial port. IV. Index The board size is 460mm%233.35mm, powered with +27V, power consumption

<30W. 2.2.5 Resource Distribution Module (BRDM) I. Overview BRDM is logically located between BTRM and BCPM, providing path for orthogonal data connection (IQ) and switching between the two so as to support the flexible configuration relation between BCPM and BTRM. BRDM also support daisy chain cascading between BCPMs. Data sent by BTRM are sent to BRDM through optical fiber. BRDM distributes and pastes the data before sending them to BCPMS via the high-speed data bus. BRDM can also build daisy chains for BCPMs. BRDM performs resource management to the daisy chain, making the short daisy chain provided on the channel board (short daisy chain hereinafter) become standard daisy chains after pasting at BRDM. This can help to improve the utilization ratio of channel resource and facilitates the flexible configuration of the channel capacity of each sector carrier. BRDM has the following functions and features:

l Six pairs of fiber-optic interfaces, providing high-speed data path with BTRM. l When it is necessary to extend optical interfaces, insert BRDM board in BCPM slot. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-11 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Provide 16 pairs of high-speed data bus interface, connected with 16 slots through the backplane. l Provide flexible data distribution and switching between BTRM and BCPM l Provide flexible data switching between BCPMs, for building daisy chains or resource pool, improving the utilization ratio of channel resource and configuring channel capacity of each sector carrier flexibly. l Interact O&M information with BCKM through the backplane bus or emergency serial port. l Forward and receive O&M information of BTRM via optical fiber and provide O&M link between the baseband subrack and BTRM. II. Structure and principle The structure of BRDM module is as shown in Figure 2-7. BRDM Optical Optical Optical Optical Optical Optical Optical module Optical module Optical module Optical module Optical module Optical module BTRM BTRM BTRM BTRM BTRM BTRM High-speed data interface High-speed data interface Switching module Power supply module Clock module CPU module Figure 2-7 Structure of BRDM module High-speed data interface High-speed data interface High-speed data interface High-speed data interface Bus interface module 4 high-speed data buses 4 high-speed data buses 4 high-speed data buses 4 high-speed data buses RS232 BCPM BCPM BCPM BCPM Backplane bus BCKM As shown in Figure 2-7, BRDM board is composed of optical module, high-speed data interface module, switching module, CPU module, bus interface module, power supply module and clock module. Different modules perform different functions. l Optical module Perform optical/electrical conversion of signals. Each BRDM board has 6 optical modules, providing 6 pairs of optical fiber interfaces externally. l High-speed data interface module High-speed data interface module mainly performs rate conversion of high-speed signals, for the convenient processing of the switching module. l Switching module Switching module slice and paste data as required. It is a core processing module of this board. Data from BTRM are sent to this board, where the switching module will distribute and paste them before sending to BCPM. The switching module can also provide daisy chain cascading for the BCPMs through the distribution and pasting of data. l CPU module 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-12 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture CPU module processes O&M information and configures switching parameters. The O&M information from BCKM is sent to this board via the bus interface module. Then CPU module processes the information and sends the necessary O&M information to the corresponding BTRMs. The parameters of the switching module should also be configured by CPU module. l Bus interface module Perform conversion of interface between the board and the backplane and provide a path for the O&M information between this board and the backplane. l Power supply module Convert the input DC +27V power into digital +3.3V, +1.8V and analog +3.3V powers, supplying power for the modules on the local board. l Clock module Provide 2S, 16%1.2288MHz, 100%1.2288MHz clocks for the local board. III. Interface l Optical interface It is on the handle bar, 6 pairs altogether. They are connected with BTRMs, transmitting orthogonal (IQ) data and O&M information. l High-speed data interface It is led out from the 2mm connector on the backplane. The interfaces are connected with 16 service slots through the backplane, for transmitting orthogonal (IQ) data. l Backplane bus interface It is led out from the 2mm connector on the backplane and attached to the backplane bus, used for transmitting O&M information between the BCKMs. l Clock Led out from the 2mm connector on the backplane, and connected with BCKM via the backplane. It receives 2S, 16 %1.2288MHz clock signals and clock active/standby selection signal. l RS232 serial port As an emergency serial port, it is led out from the 2mm connector on the backplane and connected with UART as a standby node, used for communicating with BCKM when other part of the board is faulty. l Power interface Led out from the power connector on the backplane, and connected with +27V power,

+27V power ground and PGND. IV. Index The board size is 460mm%233.35mm, powered with +27V, power consumption<45W. 2.2.6 Baseband Backplane Module (CBKM) I. Overview CBKM is used to make interconnection of high-speed data links between the boards of baseband part and between various management and control information of boards with high-speed backplane technology. The backplane has the following features:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-13 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Realize interconnection of various signals between boards. l Support hot plug/unplug of all boards. l Support active/standby switching of BCKM. l Lead in system power, providing distributed power to all boards. l Lead in the signal monitoring line for fan subrack and power subrack. l Support mistaken plug proof function. II. Structure Functional units of all slots in CBKM are as shown in Figure 2-8. 0 B C I M 1 2 3 B C I M B C P M B C P M 4 B C P M 5 B C P M 6 B C P M 7 B C P M 8 B R D M 9 B R D M 10 B C K M 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 B C K M B R D M B R D M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B R D M B R D M Figure 2-8 Functional units of all slots in CBKM A backplane includes the connector and board slot. Connector part includes a slot for test board, input connector of backplane +27V power/ground, and 3 DB37 D-connectors. Power input connector, D-connector are all select crimped devices. Slots of BTS are defined as follows:

l Slots 0~1 are slots for BCIM. l Sots 10~11 are slots for BCKM. l Slots 8~9, 12~13, 20~21 are slots for BRDM. l Slots 2~7, 14~19 are slots for BCPM. III. Interface The interfaces between the backplane and outside include:

l System power interface l Remote maintenance serial port l Environment alarm interface l Fan alarm serial port in baseband subrack l External 2s signal input interface l 16 E1 interfaces IV. Index Size of baseband subrack backplane: 664mm%262mm. 2.2.7 E1 Surge Protector (BESP) I. Overview BESP is placed on the top of BTS. It is a functional entity for BTS to implement lightning protection with E1 trunk line. Two identical BESPs are installed for each cabinet in consideration of limited space on top of the equipment and the 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-14 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture convenience of installation and dismounting. The 8 pairs of lightning protection units are used to discharge the transient high voltage on the sheath and core of E1 trunk line to PGND, protecting equipment from lightning attack. II. Structure and principle Board structure is as shown in Figure 2-9. BESP BCIM 8 E1s

. Interface DB37 Level-2 protection Level-1 protection PGND Level-2 protection Level-1 protection PGND 4 E1s

. Interface DB25

. 4 E1s

. Interface DB25 Level-2 protection Level-1 protection PGND BSC BSC Figure 2-9 Structure of BESP The board consists of three parts: DB25 connector, lightning protection unit and DB37 connector. When the BTS E1 trunk line is struck by the lightning, a high voltage will arise first on DB25. The high voltage will spread to the lightning protection unit. The lightning protection unit has two protection layers: air discharge tube and voltage limit mesh. The air discharge tube discharges the high voltage to the ground and lowers the voltage to a degree less than 600V. Then the voltage limit mesh further lowers the voltage to a degree less than 30V. III. Interface l E1interface Interface with BSC (DB25). Connected with BCIM (DB37) IV. Index Board size: 140mm%120mm 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-15 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture Bearable surge current: >10kA (common mode), >5KA (differential mode) Output residual voltage: <30V. 2.2.8 Fan Module (BFAN) BFAN is installed right under the baseband subrack, serving as a part of the blower type cooling system of the baseband subrack. The fan module consists of two fan boxs, each of which has 4 fan units(24V DC brush free fan) and one BTS Fan Monitor Module (BFMM). Fan enclosure is used for installation of fan boxs. The outside of the fan enclosure is the BTS Fan Block Interface Board (BFNB) that provides a system interface. The structure of BFAN is as shown in Figure 2-10.

(1) Fan box 2

(4) Fan enclosure

(7) Power input interface

(2) Fan box 1

(5) BFNB

(8) Blind mate connector Figure 2-10 Structure of BFAN

(3) LED indicator

(6) System signal interface

(9) BFMM II. BTS Fan Monitor Module (BFMM) 1) Overview BFMM is built in the fan box. It communicates with BCKM and receives instructions from BCKM. It can perform PWM speed adjustment on the fan unit in the drawer and report board status information to BCKM when it is queried. BFMM can guarantee a safe and properly cooling system and lower system noise. Its main functions are as follows:

l Control rotating speed of the fan. l Check whether fan units are in position and report. l Check fan unit blocking alarm and report. l Drive fan running status indicator. l Communicate effectively with the Main Control Unit (MCU) of BCKM and report in-board status information. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-16 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Report alarms of switch value type (it is a standby function and not used in normal conditions). 2) Structure and principle BFMM's structure and position is as shown in Figure 2-10. Its function is as shown in Figure 2-11. Temperature collection module Fan drive module Communication module Main control unit Switch value alarm module Fan-in-position & fault detection module Indicator drive module Power supply module Figure 2-11 Illustration of BFMM l Power supply module:

System input DC power is +27V, board power consumption is less than 5W. l Main Control Unit (MCU):

MCU controls the fan and communicates with BCKM. Specifically, it generates control PWM signal according to the instruction sent from BCKM to control the speed of the fan. MCU can also check fan alarm signal and in-board logic alarm signal and report to BCKM. It generates panel indicator signal. l Communication module:

Perform serial communication with BCKM. l Fan driving module:

PWM control signal generated in MCU provides controlled power input for fans by isolating driving circuits. l Fan in position and fault checking module:

Isolate the fan in position checking signal and fan blocking alarm signal then convert them into logic level for MCU to sample, analyze and control. l Temperature collection module:

Collect the ambient temperature of BFMM in real time, realized it by MCU in query operation. l Indicator driving module:

When functional alarm (such as communication interruption in main control mode) occurs to the board or fan blocking alarm occurs to the motor, this module provides LED optical alarm interface inside the fan block, to drive the LED indicator on the fan block front panel. l Switch value alarm output module:

When some systems have no serial port communication, fan fault has to be checked with switch value. In such case, BFMM should provide necessary output interface. 3) Interface 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-17 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Power interface It is used to lead in working power for BFMM. l Communication serial port 0, 1 Serial port communication signals interface 0 and interface 1, providing access condition for system active/standby serial port. When the system has only one serial port, only interface 0 is used. l LED indicator driving output interface Driving interface for LED status indicator on the panel of the fan box. l Fan unit driving interface Driving interface for as many as 6 fan units. It also serves as the interface to indicate fan in position and fan block alarm checking. l Switch value alarm interface Standby switch value alarm form interface, not used in normal condition. 4) Index The size of BFMM: 280mm%35mm.

+27V power supply, power consumption <5W. III. BTS Fan block iNterface Board (BFNB) 1) Overview BFNB provides electrical connection between the fan box and the system. On one hand, it provides blind plug/unplug interface for the fan box. On the other hand, it provides the system with power interface and serial communication interface. 2) Structure and principle BFNB structure and position are as shown in Figure 2-10. BFNB implements interface conversion function. Refer to "(3) Interface" for the definition of interface. BFNB structure is as shown in Figure 2-12.

(1) MOLEX connector Figure 2-12 Illustration of BFNB structure

(2) Large 3PIN power socket

(3) DB-15 signal socket 3) Interface l Fan box electrical interface Provide power supply ports and serial port communication ports for the two fan boxes through MOLEX connectors. l System power supply interface Lead in system power through big 3-pin connector. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-18 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l System serial communication interface Provide external serial communication interface through DB-15. 4) Index The size of BFNB: 380mm%30mm. 2.3 RF Subsystem 2.3.1 Overview The block diagram of RF subsystem is as shown in Figure 2-13. BRDM BRDM BRDM f1 BTRM f0 BTRM f2 BTRM BHPA BHPA BHPA To antenna &

feeder DFU To antenna &

feeder CDU RLDU BRDM: Resource Distribution Module CDU: Combining Duplexer Unit BTRM: Transceiver Module DFU: Duplexer Filter Unit BHPA: High Power Amplifier Unit RLDU: Receive LNA Distribution Unit Figure 2-13 block diagram of RF subsystem In forward link, it performs power adjustable up-conversion to the modulated transmission signals and linear power amplification, filtering the transmission signals to meet the corresponding air interface standard. In reverse link, it filters the signals received by the BTS antenna to suppress out-of-band interference and performs low noise amplifying. The noise factor can be adjustable in frequency down-conversion and channel selective filtering units. RF subsystem is composed of the following function modules:

l BTRM performs frequency up/down-conversion of the transmitted and received signals and adjust the transmitted power and received noise factor. l BHPA performs linear power amplification of single carrier-transmitted signal. l CDU performs multi-carrier combining and filtering for transmitted signals, and receiving/transmitting signal isolating. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-19 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l DFU performs the transmitting signal filtering and receiving/transmitting signal isolating. There is a diversity filter in it. l RLDU performs low noise amplifying of each sector received signals and l BTBM performs mechanical support and signal interconnection of BTRM and multi-carrier distributing. BHPA. 2.3.2 Transceiver Module (BTRM) is composed of BTS BTRM Intermediate Frequency Module (BIFM), BTS Intermediate Frequency Control module (BICM) and BTS Radio frequency up/down Conversion Module (BRCM). I. BTS Intermediate Frequency Module (BIFM) 1) Overview BIFM and BRDM are both used to provide interface between the channel board and RF transceiver. Its functions are as follows:

l Reverse path signals A/D conversion and digital frequency down-conversion. l Baseband digital filtering to compensate the analog acoustic surface wave filter outband rejection. l Transmitting signals data shaping filtering and digital auto-gain controlling. l Digital frequency up-conversion in the forward path signal and D/A conversion. l Multiplexing/demultiplexing of forward/reverse signals. l Interfacing with BRDM through its optical fiber port. l Provide RF phase lock loop reference clock and clock of the Ethernet port and various necessary clocks for BIFM itself. l Provide power supply for BICM and BRCM. 2) Block diagram and principle BIFM consists of the following parts. The structure is as shown in Figure 2-14. Control configuration interface Power supply module BIFM e c a f r e t n i l a c i t p O FIR

DAGC Down-

conversion ADC Filtering l x e p i t l u m e d

x e p l i t l u M FIR Up-

conversion DAC Filtering Clock module Figure 2-14 Block dagram of BIFM module e c a f r e t n i F R l Up-conversion module Up-conversion module performs signal filtering and digital frequency up-conversion and D/A conversion in transmit path. In this module, the demultiplexed baseband 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-20 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture signal is filtered and up-converted digital intermediate frequency signal which will be D/A converted to an analog intermediate frequency signal sent to BRCM after filtering. l Down-conversion module frequency Down-conversion module performs signal A/D conversion, digital down-conversion and filtering in the receive path. In this module, the analog intermediate frequency signal from BRCM module is A/D converted to digital intermediate frequency signal which will be down-converted to baseband signal,and then be filtered and sent to the multiplex/demultiplex unit. l Multiplex/demultiplex module In reverse path, multiplex/demultiplex module multiplexes the O&M signal of BIFM and baseband signals after frequency down conversion to optical fiber interfacing module. In forward path, it demultiplexes the signals from the optical fiber interfacing module into the baseband intermediate frequency signals and O&M signals. l Optical fiber interfacing module Optical fiber interfacing module performs signals encoding and decoding and optical-electrical or electrical-optical conversion. It is the only interface between BIFM and BRDM. l Clock module Clock module generates all clocks needed by BIFM, including those for frequency up/down-conversion, A/D conversion, D/A conversion and other clocks. At the same time, it also provides a reference clock for BRCM. l Control & configuration interface module Control & configuration interface is the interface between BIFM and BICM. BICM performs all control & configuration functions to BIFM through this interface. It also serves as the interface for collecting alarms on BICM and BRCM. l Power supply module BIFM requires a power of +27V because it simultaneously provides power for BRCM and BICM. The requirement for power capacity is 100W. 3) Interfaces l Optical interfaces Optical fiber Interfaces with BRDM l RS485 interfaces interfaces with BHPA fan monitoring units. l RF interface Various interfaces with BRCM. 4) Power consumption Its power consumption less than 25W on DC +27V. II. BTS Intermediate Frequency Control Module (BICM) 1) Overview BICM is a small board mounted on the BIFM. It performs the control of BTRM, including power-on initialization, function configuration, alarm collection, reporting and message processing related to O&M. 2) Block diagram and principle The block diagram of BICM includes the following parts as shown in Figure 2-15:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-21 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l e u d o m U P C Alarm collection interface Temperature sensor interface RS485 interface O&M interface BIFM configuration interface BIFM control bus r o t c e n n o c M C B I Figure 2-15 Block diagram of BICM module l CPU module CPU module performs control and configuration of BIFM. It also processes and reports O&M message and alarm message of BIFM. CPU module also stores the configured data and programs. l Alarm collection interface module Alarm collection interface module collects all alarms of BIFM and BRCM to CPU module, which will process and report these alarms. l Temperature sensing interface function Temperature information of BIFM is sent to CPU module through the temperature sensor interface. l RS485 interface module RS485 interface is the monitoring interface of the fan and HPA. The monitoring information is reported to CPU module via RS485 ,then CPU reports it to BCKM. l O&M interface module O&M receives multiplex/demultiplex module on BIFM. CPU module will process the messages. l BIFM configuration interface module BIFM configuration interface module performs configuration of clock module and frequency up/down conversion module on BIFM, including modification and initialization of configuration data. l BIFM control interface module BIFM control conversion module and baseband filter. transmits O&M message interface module performs frequency up/down the controls of interface through and the III. BTS radio frequency up/down conversion module (BRCM) 1) Overview three functional sub-units: main/diversity BRCM consists of transmit unit, main/diversity receive unit and local oscillator unit. It mainly performs such functions as analog frequency up-conversion of main/diversity transmitted signal from BIFM, signal amplification and spurious suppression filtering. It also performs analog frequency down-conversion of main/diversity received signals at BTS from RLDU, signal amplification, channel selective filtering and receiving noise factor adjustment. 2) Block diagram and principle 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-22 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station The block diagram of BRCM is as shown in Figure 2-16. 2 Hardware Architecture TX2_IF_IN TX1_IF_IN PLL_Re1~2 PLL_ENABLE1~2 PLL_CLOCK1~2 PLL_DATA1~2 PLL_ALARM1~2 RX1_IF_OUT RX_NC0~4 RX2_IF_OUT Main/diversity transmit unit Up-converter Up-converter TX2_RF_OUT TX1_RF_OUT Local oscillation frequency source unit Down-converter Down-converter Main/diversity transmit unit RX1_RF_IN RX2_RF_IN Figure 2-16 BRCM operational block diagram l Main/diversity transmit unit Performs two stage up-conversion of the input modulated analog intermediate frequency signals into a specified RF band and performs signal filtering, amplification, and power adjustment before/after the conversion, ensuring that the output RF signals satisfy the protocol's requirement for power level, ACPR (Adjacent Channel Power Ratio) and spurious suppression. l Main/diversity receive unit Performs down-conversion of the input RF signal into the specified intermediate frequency and performs signal filtering, amplification and power level control before/after the conversion, ensuring that the output intermediate signals satisfy the requirements of the protocol for anti-interference, spurious suppression and power level. l Local oscillator unit It includes an IF local oscillator used by transmit unit and a transmit/receive units sharing RF local oscillator. The IF oscillator generates a frequency fixed IF LO signal for frequency up conversion in the transmit path. The transmit/receive units sharing RF oscillator generates a frequency adjustable LO signal for frequency up-conversion in the main/diversity receive path. frequency down-conversion transmit path and the main/diversity in 3) External interface In the whole BTS system, at IF signal side, BRCM interfaces with BIFM. At RF signal side, BRCM interfaces with BHPA in forward path and interfaces with RLDU in reverse path. a) Interface signals between BRCM and BIFM :

l Main/diversity transmit analog intermediate frequency signal, provided by BIFM l Main/diversity receive analog intermediate frequency signal, provided by BRCM for BRCM. for BIFM. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-23 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Local oscillator PLL (phase locked loop ) reference clock signal, provided by BIFM for BRCM. l Receive noise factor control signals, provided by BIFM for BRCM. l Local oscillator PLL (Phase Locked Loop) data, enable and clock signal, provided by BIFM for BRCM. And out lock alarm signal of two PLLs, provided by BRCM for BIFM. l RLDU, BHPA alarm signal and +27V power supply signal, for BIFM, provided by BRCM for BIFM. l +12V, -12V power supply signal of BRCM, provided by BIFM for BRCM. b) Interface signals between BRCM and BHPA:

l Main/diversity RF transmit signals, from BRCM to BHPA. l BHPA alarm signals, from BHPA to BRCM. c) Interface signals between BRCM and RLDU:

l main/diversity RF receive signals, from RLDU to BRCM. l RLDU alarm signals from RLDU to BRCM via BTBM DB15 connectors

(4) Index l Power consumption: +12VDC, maximum current 3A; -12V, maximum current 20mA l Board size: L%W=225mm%233.35mm 2.3.3 High Power Amplifier Module (BHPA) I. Overview BHPA is located in RF subrack of BTS cabinet, and used for amplifying the RF modulation signals output by BTRM. Its main functions are:

l RF power amplification: perform power amplification for the RF modulation signals from BTRM. l Over temperature alarm: when the power amplifier base board temperature exceeds a specified threshold, BBFM will process the over temperature alarm signal generated by HPAU and report it to BTRM. l Input overdrive alarm: when the power level of BHPA input RF signal exceeds a specified threshold, BBFM will process the input overdrive alarm signal generated by HPAU and report it to BTRM. l Gain drop alarm: when the gain of the power amplifier drops over 6dB, BBFM will process the gain drop alarm signal generated by HPAU and report it to BTRM. l Fan monitoring: BBFM installed in BHPA, performs such functions as fan alarm, power amplifier alarm signal processing & reporting, fan speed adjustment. II. Block diagram and principle The block diagram of BHPA module includes the following parts, as shown in Figure 2-17:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-24 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture RF input RF output Sampling port

+27VDC Alarm signal BTBM BTRM CDU BDCS BTRM Power amplification Coupler Circulator HPAUz BHPA Alarm circuit Alarm signal BBFM Figure 2-17 Block diagram of BHPA module 1) High Power Amplifier Unit (HPAU) HPAU mainly consists of two parts: power amplifier and alarm circuit. The power amplifier amplifies the power of the RF signals from BTRM. The amplified output RF signals are then sent to CDU or DFU via BTBM. Alarm circuit monitors the power amplifier status and generates over temperature alarm, over excitation alarm and gain drop alarm signal when necessary. The alarm signals will be sent to BBFM, from where they will be processed and reported to BTBM. The coupler is used to couple the RF output signal to the sampling port, for test purpose. The output power of HPAU can be adjusted by controlling the RF output signal of BTRM. 2) BTS BTRM Fan Monitor (BBFM) BBFM processes fan alarm signals and power amplifier alarm signals and sends them to BTRM via BTBM, and then BTRM will report them. BBFM can adjust the fan speed based on the ambient temperature and the actual BHPA output power in order to lower the noise of fan. III. Interface External interface of the BHPA module is D-sub combination blind mate connector. It includes the following parts:

l RF interface The RF interface of BHPA has one input port and one output port. They are connected respectively with BTRM RF output port via BTBM and CDU RF input port via coaxial cable. l Power supply interface Interface with BTS Direct Current Switch box (BDCS). l Alarm interface Interface with BTRM. Fan alarm signals and power amplifier alarm signals are sent via BTBM to BTRM which reports them. IV. Index l Operation Frequency range: 869~894MHz l Max. Average output power: 40W l Power Supply: +26V~28VDC 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-25 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station l Power consumption: <380W l Module size: L%W%T=460mm%233.5mm%64mm 2.3.4 Transceiver Backplane Module (BTBM) 2 Hardware Architecture BTBM performs interconnecting and fixing of 6 BTRMs and 6 BHPAs, including 6 sets of 2mm connectors for BTRM plugging, 6 sets of 24W7 combination D-sub blind mate connectors for BHPA, and three DB9 connectors for RLDU alarm collection and 6 sets of temperature sensors. transfers The above parts form three independent function groups, as shown in Figure 2-18. l BTRM 2mm connector Each set of 2mm connectors includes one 5%22pin type A connector and three 3-socket, type N connectors. Type A connector transfers RLDU alarm signals imported from DB9 connector and RS485 interface message from BHPA 24W7 combination D-sub connector. Type N connector the main/diversity input/output RF signal of BTRM and +27V DC power signal needed by BTRM. l BHPA 24W7 combination D-sub blind mate connector Each 24W7 combination D-sub blind mate connector includes 2 coaxial contacts

(transferring BHPA input/output RF signals), 2 high-current power contacts

(transferring +27V power supply and PGND signals), one set of RS485 signal contacts and a group of temperature sensor connection signals. l DB9 connector There are 3 angled DB9 connectors on BTBM for 3 RLDUs alarm signals transferring to BTRM . l Temperature sensor There are 6 sets of temperature sensors for the 6 BHPA slots, used for sensing the air temperature of each BHPA air outlet, converting into current and sending to BFMM on BHPA for processing. In this way, fan speed is controlled in real time. RS485 RS485 2mmA/N connector 24W7DB connector RS485 RS485 Temperature sensor Temperature sensor RLDU alarm signal DB9 connector Functional group 1 Functional group 2 Functional group 3 Figure 2-18 Operational block diagram of BTBM l Index Board size: L%W%T= 664mm%262mm%3mm 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-26 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.3.5 Combining Duplexer Unit (CDU) I. Overview 2 Hardware Architecture CDU mainly has the following functions:

l Combine two carriers from the two BHPAs into one signal. l Receive & transmit signals duplexing. l Transmit signal filtering, to suppress BTS spurious emissions. l Receive signal filtering, to suppress the interference from outside the receive band. Key internal parts of CDU include isolator, 2 in 1 combiner, duplexer, and directional coupler. II. Block diagram and principle CDU block diagram is as shown in Figure 2-19. Pr-OUT Pf-OUT TX1 TX2 RXM-OUT Isolator Isolator Combiner Duplexer Directional coupler TX/RXM-ANT TX-Test RXM-Test Figure 2-19 CDU block diagram l Isolator There are two isolators at each input port of combiner in CDU. They are used to isolate the two carriers from two input ports. l 2-in-1 combiner The combiner is a narrow band cavity filtering combiner. In comparison with broadband combiner, the narrow band combiner features has lower insertion loss and effective isolation. l Duplexer The duplexer is used to isolate transmitted signals and received signals, suppress transmission spurious and reduce antenna quantity. l Directional coupler 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-27 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture The directional coupler couples forward/reverse power to RLDU, implementing the antenna VSWR monitoring and BTS transmit power detecting. III. External interface CDU is a module shared by transmit and receive path of the BTS. It has interfaces with other modules both in the transmitting and receiving paths. Its external interfaces include a set of 8W8 D-sub combination blind mate connectors on the backside and a set of N connectors, SMA connectors on the front side. The interface signals include:

l RF Signals between CDU combiner input ports and BHPA output ports, transferred through the blind mate connectors on the backside. l BTS Transmit signals which are transferred to the cabinet-top antenna interface through the RF cable connected with the N connector at the front side of CDU. l BTS Receive signals which are transferred from the cabinet-top antenna interface through the RF cable connected with the N connector on the front side of CDU. l BTS receive signals output from the duplexer, sent to RLDU via the blind mate connector on the backside. on the backside. l Forward/reverse coupled RF signals, sent to RLDU via the blind mate connector l Forward/reverse coupled test signals, output through the standard SMA connector on the front side of CDU. IV. Index l Number of combined channels: 2 l Frequency gap of two combined carriers: 2.50MHz l Frequency band of combined signal: Any continuous 3.75MHz within l Operation frequency band (receive path): Any continuous 3.75MHz within 869~894MHz 824~849MHz l Module size: L%W%H=450mm%100mm%344.8mm 2.3.6 Duplexer Filter Unit (DFU) I. Overview DFU mainly has the following functions:

l Performs transmit/receive duplex isolation and filtering for the single carrier signals from BHPA. l Diversity receive signals filtering in order to suppress outband interference. Key internal parts of DFU includes low-pass filter, duplexer, diversity receive filter and directional coupler. II. Block diagram and principle DFU block diagram is as shown in Figure 2-20. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-28 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture Low-pass filter Diversity receive filter Low-pass filter Duplexer Directional coupler S RXD-TEST N RXD-ANT TX-TEST S N TX/RXM-ANT S RXM-TEST RXD-OUT D TX D RXM-OUT Pf-OUT Pr-OUT D D D D D-SUB N N-Type S SMA-Type Figure 2-20 DFU block diagram l Low-pass filter At the transmit signal input port and main/diversity receive signal output port, there are three low-pass filters used for low-pass filtering of transmit and main/diversity receive signals. l Duplexer The duplexer is used to isolate transmit and receive signals, suppress transmission spurious and reduce antenna quantity. l Diversity Receive filter The diversity receive filter of DFU is a separate path. Signals received by the diversity antenna must be filtered by the diversity receive filter in DFU before being sent to the low noise amplifier in RLDU for amplification. l Directional coupler The directional coupler couples forward/reverse signal power for RLDU, implementing the antenna VSWR monitoring and BTS transmit power detecting. III. External interface DFU is a module shared by transmit and receive path of the BTS. It has interfaces with other modules in the transmitting and receiving paths. Its external interfaces include a set of 8W8 D-sub combination blind mate connectors on the backside and a set of N connectors, SMA connectors on the front side. The interface signals include:

l The signal between DFU and BHPA is transferred through the blind mate connectors on the backside. l BTS Transmit signal which is transferred to the cabinet-top antenna interface through the RF cable connected with the N connector at the front side of the module. l BTS receive signal which is transferred from the cabinet-top antenna interface to DFU for filtering through the RF cable connected with the N connector on the front side of the module. l BTS receive Signals output from the duplexer and diversity receive filter, sent to RLDU via the blind mate connector on the backside. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-29 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Forward/reverse coupled RF signals, sent to RLDU via the blind mate l Forward/reverse coupled test signals, output through the standard SMA connectors on the backside. connector on the front side . IV. Index 869~894MHz. 824~849MHz. l Operation frequency band (transmit path): Any continuous 3.75MHz within l Operation frequency band (receive path): Any continuous 3.75MHz within l Module size: L%W%H=450mm%100mm%344.8mm 2.3.7 Receive LNA Distribution Unit (RLDU) I. Overview RLDU consists of LNA (Low Noise Amplifier), distribution unit, configuration switch and alarm monitoring circuit. Its main functions are:

l Performs BTS receive signals low noise amplification and distribution l Built-in electronic RF switch supports multiple BTS configurations of 3 sectors or 6 sectors. l Antenna VSWR monitoring and alarming, BTS forward RF power detecting, LNA runing status monitoring and alarming. II. Block diagram and principle RLDU block diagram is as shown in Figure 2-21. RXAM-TEST RXBM-TEST VSWR and power check LNA module Switch distribution module DC-IN FUSE PWR S/W DB15 Power supply VSWR check processing Forward power output Figure 2-21 RLDU block diagram 03Q-0110-20020720-120 RXBD-IN RXBM-IN RXAD-IN RXAM-IN APf-IN APr-IN BPf-IN BPr-IN RXAM1 RXAM2 RXAD1 RXAD2 RXAM3/RXBM1 RXAM4/RXBM2 RXAD3/RXBD1 RXAD4/RXBD2 2-30 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture 1) Receive signal low noise amplification and distribution units There are 4 LNAs and distributors inside RLDU, which can perform BTS receive signals low noise amplification and distribution into 4 branchs. The 4 LNAs have the same specifications such as gain, noise factor and dynamic. It is ensured that the 4 receive paths are balanced. 2) Configuration switch unit The electronic switches inside RLDU are designed for supporting different BTS configurations. When the BTS is configured in 3-sector mode, the electronic switches can be set digitally , making sure that RLDU operating in a single sector that has only two receive paths(main and diversity path). Each path provides 1: 4 dividers to support 1~4 carriers configuration for each sector. When the BTS is configured in 6-sector mode, the electronic switches can be set digitally, making sure that RLDU operating in two sectors, each of which has 4 receive paths (two main paths and two diversity paths). Each path provides 1:2dividers, supporting 1~2 carriers configuration for each sector. 3) Antenna VSWR and LNA status monitoring unit The transmitted forward/reverse power coupling signals from CDU or DFU are processed in the antenna VSWR monitoring circuit inside RLDU. When the transmit antenna VSWR exceeds a specified threshold, alarm signal will occur. At the same time, RLDU also converts transmit coupling power signal into DC level signal through its RF power detecting circuits. Through this DC level signal, any exception of transmit signal power of each antenna can be monitored in real time. LNA status monitoring circuit monitors the working voltage and current of the 4 LNAs inside RLDU. It gives alarm when any faults t is found. III. External interface RLDU is the reverse link function module of the BTS, which has interface with CDU/DFU and BTRM in both input side and output side through the two sets of 8W8 D-sub combination blind mate connectors on the backside of the module. 1) Interface signals between RLDU and CDU/DFU are:

l Main/diversity path receive RF signals output from two CDU/DFU receive filters which then will be amplified and distributed by RLDU. l CDU/DFU coupling RF signal is mainly used for antenna VSWR monitoring and forward power detecting. 2) Interface signals between RLDU and BTRM are:

l Main/diversity path receive RF signal transmitted to BTRM after being amplified and distributed. l Antenna VSWR, LNA status monitoring alarm signal and forward power detecting DC voltage signal, output to BRCM by RLDU through a DB15 interface on the front side of the module and transferred to BIFM for processing. 3) The +27V DC power is necessary for RLDU, provided directly by the secondary power supply module in the BTS through a MOLEX power connector on the front side of the module. IV. Index l Operation frequency band: 824~849MHz l Power Supply: +27VDC l power consumption <50W l Board size: L%W%H= 450mm%180mm%50mm 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-31 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.3.8 RF Fan Module (BRFM) 2 Hardware Architecture BRFM mainly consists of BBFM, BBFL and fan. The following is the introduction to BBFM and BBFL. I. BTS BTRM FAN Monitor (BBFM) 1) Overview BBFM collects and analyzes the temperature information of BHPA module and adjust the fan speed in real time to lower the system audio noise, gives the equipment a longer service life and improve the external performance of the overall system on the premise that the system works in a safe thermal status. The Pulse Wide Modulation

(PWM) control signal regarding the fan speed can be generated by the MCU of the local board or configured by the speed adjustment control of BTRM module. At the same time, BBFM reports to BCKM the gain drop, over-temperature, input overdrive alarm and fan fault alarm of BHPA, to ensure the safety of BHPA module. Its functions are as follows:

l Control fan speed, monitor and report fan alarm. l Monitor and report BHPA alarm. l Drive fan monitor lamp module. l Collect temperature information of BHPA module l Communicate with BTRM module. 2) Block diagram and principle The position of BBFM in BHPA module is as shown in Figure 2-22. r e v o c n a F BBFM BHPA e t a m d n i l B r o t c e n n o c Figure 2-22 Position of BBFM in BHPA module The block diagram of BBFM is as shown in Figure 2-23. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-32 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station BBFM BHPA HPAU Interface circuit Temperature collection MCU External temperature collection Watchdog 2 Hardware Architecture Panel indicator driving alarm signal isolation circuit Fan cover PWM Modulation circuit Communication interface Serial port BTRM Figure 2-23 block diagram of BBFM module l MCU module Collect and analyze the temperature information to generate PWM signal for controlling the fan speed. Receive alarm signal generated by BHPA module and fan alarm signal and report to BTRM module. Generate panel indicator signal. Communicate with BTRM module. l BHPA interface module Complete the isolation and driving of interface between BHPA. l Temperature information collection module Collect the temperature information of BHPA module in real time to be implemented by MCU in query operation. l Panel indicator drive and alarm signal isolation module It is used to drive the panel indicator and isolate fan alarm signal. l Communication module Perform serial communication with BTRM module. l Power supply module The input power of BFMM is +27V, power consumption 3.5W (including power for the fan). 3) Interface l BHPA interface Interface with BHPA module, used for BHPA alarm monitoring. l Serial communication interface Interface used to report the alarm of the fan and BHPA module. l Interface with the fan cover Including fan alarm signal, user panel indicator, and fan power interface. 4) Index The size of BBFM: 200.0mm%55.0mm. II. BTS BTRM FAN Lamp Module (BBFL) 1) Overview 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-33 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture BBFL has three RUN indicators to indicate the running status of BTRM module, fan and BHPA module. The board is connected with BBFM via the fan cover interface. It is an auxiliary board. 2) Block diagram and principle The block diagram of BBFL is as shown in Figure 2-24. BTRM indicator FAN indicator BHPA indicator LED1 LED2 LED3 e c a f r e t n i 1 n a F e c a f r e n t i 2 n a F Fan cover port (connect to BBFM) Figure 2-24 Block diagram of BBFL module BBFL consists of the following parts:

l Fan 1 interface module Connected with Fan 1, power supply input port of Fan 1 and fan alarm output port. It is a 4Pin ordinary socket connector. l Fan 2 interface module Connected with Fan 2, power supply input port of Fan 2 and fan alarm output port, It is a 4Pin ordinary socket connector. l Fan cover port interface module Connected with the fan cover opening of BBFM. 3) Panel indicator LED1: BTRM running signal LED2: Fan running signal LED3: BHPA running signal 4) Index Size of BBFL: 55.0mm25.0mm. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-34 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.4 Antenna & Feeder Subsystem 2 Hardware Architecture 2.4.1 Overview BTS antenna & feeder subsystem consists of two parts: RF antenna & feeder and dual-satellite synchronization antenna & feeder. The former transmits the modulated RF signal and receives MS signals, while the latter provides precise synchronization for CDMA system. 2.4.2 RF Antenna & Feeder RF antenna & feeder of the BTS is composed of outdoor antenna, jumper from antenna to feeder, feeder and the jumper from feeder to cabinet-top, as shown in Figure 2-25. Sector Sector Sector Antenna Jumper Feeder Jumper BTS cabinet Figure 2-25 Structure of RF antenna & feeder II. Antenna Antenna is the end point of transmitting and start point of receiving. Type, gain, coverage pattern and front-to-rear ratio of the antenna can affect the system performance. The network designer should choose antenna properly based on the user number and coverage. 1) Antenna gain Antenna gain is the capability of the antenna to radiate the input power in specific directions. Normally, the higher gain, the larger coverage. But there may be blind area in the vicinity. 2) Antenna pattern 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-35 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture Antenna pattern describes the radiation intensities of the antenna in all directions. In the field of communications, it usually means a horizontal pattern. BTS antenna is available in two types: 360 omni-antenna and directional antenna. The directional antenna includes the following types: 120 3) Polarization and 33

, 65

, 90

. Polarization is used to describe the direction of the electrical field. The mobile communication system often uses an uni-polar antenna. Bi-polar antennae have been used recently. The two poles are perpendicular to each other, which reduces the quantity of antenna used. 4) Diversity technology Electrical wave propagation in urban area has the following features:

l Field intensity value changes slowly with different places and different times. It changes in the rule of logarithmic normal distribution, which is called slow attenuation. l Field intensity transient value attenuates selectively since it is multi-path transmission. The attenuation rules falls in Rayleigh distribution, which is called fast attenuation. Either fast attenuation or slow attenuation impairs the quality of communication or even interrupts the conversation. Diversity technology is one of the most effective technologies to tackle the attenuation problem. Diversity receiving and combining technology can be used to minimize the attenuation when there is little correlation between the two attenuated signals. There are polarized diversity and space diversity. In the present mobile communication system, horizontal space diversity and polarized diversity are both supported. Theoretical conclusion shows that space diversity is effective when the distance between two antennae is over 10 wavelengths. Polarized diversity facilitates antenna installation and saves space. Therefore it is used more and more extensively. 5) Antenna isolation The receive/transmit antenna must be installed with sufficient isolation to minimize the effect on the receiver. The isolation extent is subject to the out-of-band noise of the transmitter and the sensitivity of the receiver. III. Feeder Normally, the standard 7/8 inch or 5/4 inch feeder line should be used to connect the outdoor antenna and indoor cabinet. In the site installation, 7/16 DIN connectors should be made on the line that has been laid. The feeder should enter the equipment room from the tower top or building top. Three grounding cable clips for lightning protection should be installed in the intermediate section and the wall hole where feeder enter indoors. If the feeder is excessively long, additional cable clips are needed. Since 7/8 inch feeder line should not be bent, the tower top or building antenna and the feeder, indoor cabinet and the feeder should be connected via jumpers. The specifications of Huawei standard jumpers are 1/2 inch, 3.5m long, 7/16DIN connector. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-36 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.4.3 Dual-Satellite Synchronization Antenna & Feeder 2 Hardware Architecture I. Overview of dual-satellite synchronization antenna & feeder Many important features of CDMA system are closely connected with global satellite navigation system and are much dependent on it. If global satellite navigation system does not work for a long time, the whole network will collapse. In consideration of the system security and reliability, BTS receives the signals of GPS system or of GLONASS system through the dual-satellite synchronization antenna & feeder, to implement radio synchronization. In this way, the whole network can operate normally without any adverse effect when GPS or GLONASS system is not available. The following describes the application of GPS and GLONASS in CDMA system. 1) GPS CDMA network can be synchronized with GPS. GPS is a high precision global positioning system set up by American Navy Observatory. The full name is Global Timing & Positioning Navigation Star System (NAVSTAR). It is a all-weather satellite navigation system based on high frequency radio. It provides 3D-position information, so users can attain high precision information about position, speed and time. The 3D-position is accurate to less than 10 yard (approx. 9.1m) in space and less than 100ns in time. The received signal is processed and used as the master reference frequency. The whole system consists of three parts: space, land control and user. Space part is a group of satellites of 20183 kilometers high orbiting the earth at a speed of 12 hours/circle. There are 24 satellites together, running on 6 orbits. The plane of each orbit is at a 55angle with the equator. The land control consists of a main control center and some widely distributed stations. The land control network tracks the satellites and controls their orbits accurately. It also corrects astronomical data and other system data from time to time and transmits to users through the satellites. The user part is the GPS receivers and their supporting equipment. The local system is actually a GPS user, utilizing timing function of GPS. GPS satellites are synchronized with a cesium atom clock group on the land. Therefore, GPS timing signal is steady and reliable. The frequency is in a long-term stability of cesium atom clock level. BTS uses a highly stable crystal clock, which is stable on a short-term base. When the crystal clock works with GPS, it makes the clock of CDMA system absolutely stable and reliable.

(2) GLONASS GLONASS is a global satellite navigation system developed by the former Soviet Union and inherited by Russia. It is of a similar structure to GPS of USA. There are 24 satellites distributed on 3 orbits. The inclination of the orbit is 64.8 at a height of 18840~19940 km. The satellites go around the earth one circle every 11 hours 15 minutes and 44 seconds. Satellites are frequency division multi-address, i.e. different satellites use different frequencies. Since the inclination of the orbits is greater than that of GPS, the visibility at high latitude area (over 50

) is better than that of GPS. The design service life of the present satellites is 3~4 years. The service life of the new generation GLONASS will be 5 years, with enhanced functions of inter-satellite data communication and autonomous running. At present, only 19 satellites are working in the constellation and some of them are not working well. The coverage is not as large as GPS system. identified with 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-37 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture The user equipment receives C/A code, P code and two carriers signals modulated from the navigation data L1: 1602MHz +? fL1, L2: 1 246 MHz+? fL2 (? fL1, ? fL2 are frequency increments of different satellites), to identify the position of the satellite and measure the distance between the user and the satellite. The position of the user can be figured out. The algorithm used is similar to that of GPS. BTS system uses intelligent software phase-locking, memory technology to minimize the interference such as signal wander and jitter due to ionosphere error and troposphere error of GPS satellites. BTS system can not only provide accurate timing signal, but provide accurate calendar clock (hour, minute, second). BTS supports GPS/GLONASS dual-satellite system synchronization mode, providing two synchronization solutions GPS or GPS/GLONASS as required by the user. II. Antenna l GPS antenna The antenna is an active antenna. The L1 band signal sent by GPS satellite is received by GPS antenna. The received L1 GPS signal is filtered by a narrowband filter and amplified by a preamplifier. Then it is sent to a GPS receive card. GPS antenna applies to all kinds of GPS receivers. Feature indices are as follows:

Frequency: 1.575GHz Bandwidth: 20MHz Gain: 32~35dB Voltage: +5.00.25VDC Current: 35mA Impedance: 50W Polarity: RHCP l GPS/GLONASS dual-satellite receiving antenna This antenna receive GPS signal of band L1 (1.575GHz) and GLONASS signal

(1.611GHz), power with 5~18V, gain is 36dB. III. Feeder The feeder is the physically foamed polyethylene insulation RF coaxial cable, impedance 50-ohm, 10-FB. Nominal parameters are:

70dB/km (400MHz) 113dB/km (900MHz) The 100m loss in 1.575GHz frequency is 13.78dB. The coaxial cable is mainly used to transmit the GPS signal received by the GSP antenna to GPS card. At the same time, the coaxial cable also provides power for the antenna module to make pre-amplification. The cable is useable when dual-satellite solution is adopted. IV. Lightning arrester of antenna and feeder The lightning arrester of antenna and feeder used in BTS, clamp voltage -1~+7VDC, standing wave ratio less than 1.1:1, signal attenuation less than 0.1dB (1.2~2GHz). 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-38 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station V. Receiver 2 Hardware Architecture GPS receiver has 8 parallel paths, capable of tracking 8 satellites concurrently. The receiver receives GPS signal of band L1 (1575.42MHz) and tracks C/A code. The receiver must be powered with 5V DC regulated power supply. Inside the receiver, the RF signal processor makes frequency down-conversion to the GPS signal received by the antenna to get intermediate frequency (IF) signal. The IF signal is converted to digital signal and sent to 8-path code and carrier correlator, where signal detect, code correlation, carrier tracking and filter are performed. The processed signal is synchronized and sent to positioning MPU. This part of circuit controls the working mode and decoding of GPS receiver, processes satellite data, measures pseudo-distance and pseudo-distance increment so as to calculate the position, speed and time. The sensitivity of the receive card is -137dBm. The dual-satellite receive card has 20 receiving paths. GPS L1 can be upgraded to GPS/GLONASS L1+L2 or with any other options in a password mechanism. The time accuracy can be up to 25ns. 2.5 Power Supply Subsystem 2.5.1 Overview BTS built-in power supply module converts -48V DC into +27V, provided for BTS, forming the power supply subsystem together with power distribution, lightning protection and power monitoring. According to the requirement of BTS overall design, each site can be configured with multiple cabinets as required. Different cabinets are interconnected so that different network configurations can be implemented as necessary with flexibility, convenience and reliability. Therefore the power supply subsystem also needs flexible, convenient and reliable distribution monitoring solution such as centralized lightning protection, distributed DC power: i.e. the power supply subsystem of each cabinet is an integrated system and each power supply module has its own built-in monitoring unit. They are connected on the backplane and report to BTRM through the universal monitor bus, to implement power management and monitoring. The -48V power input is filtered by EMI filter and connected to the wiring terminal on the top of the equipment, and then connected to the power backplane input junction bar in the secondary power supply subrack. The +27V power is output from the output junction bar of power subrack backplane. Then the +27V power is led out from the busbar, going up along the wiring trough to the distribution copper bar in the DC switchbox on top of the cabinet. The distribution copper bars in the switchbox distribute +27V DC power to different modules. They go along through the copper bar leading wire and the over-current protection devices for individual power consumption units and connected with the outbound terminals at the back of the distribution box. In this way, it is ensured that the line is disconnected when there is over-current to a specific unit and other units will not be affected. The schematic diagram of the whole power supply subsystem is as shown in Figure 2-26. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-39 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture

-48V EMI filter Monitoring serial port DC/DC module DC/DC module

..... DC/DC module n o i t c e t o r p g n n t h g L i i n o i t u b i r t s d r e w o p i Figure 2-26 BTS power supply subsystem

+27VDC OUT 2.5.2 General Structure Load The -48V power is filtered by the EMI filter on top of the cabinet, and then goes down along the cabinet wiring trough, and connected to the input junction bar of the power subrack backplane. The power supply subsystem uses 5xDC/DC power supply units

(PSU) in full configuration. The PSU is +27V/65A. 5xPSUs provide 4+1 backup mode, ensuring size:

L%W%H=400mm%121.9mm%177.8mm. The operation principle of the power supply subsystem is as shown in Figure 2-27. 7200W. output board least The an at of

-48VIN GND DC/DC DC/DC DC/DC DC/DC DC/DC Power supply subrack PGND Switch box Indicator PCB

... Wiring terminals

-48V power supply indication From cabinet-top LGND 16 service units DU TRX0 TRX11 RLDU0 RLDU1 RLDU2 Figure 2-27 Operational diagram of the power supply subsystem 2.5.3 Technical Indices I. DC input lightning protection DC input lightning protection part is an external cabinet-top lightning arrester. It mainly features the following:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-40 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture l Temperature detect fusing technology is used, with built-in over-current protection circuit, preventing fire. l Multiple autonomous current equalization technology is used, capable of withstanding successive lightning attack. l Common mode, differential mode all protection, low residual pressure. l Dual-color working status indication, with remote alarm trunk node. l Compact, easy installation. 1) Input parameter Input mode: -48VDC Working voltage range: -40VDC~-60VDC Maximum input current: 30kA 2) Wiring mode Connect the positive and negative poles of the power cord with V+, V- of the lightning arrester. Connect the PE end to the lightning protection and grounding copper bar. 3) Lightning protection index Maximum flow: 30kA, once, 8/20m s impact current wave Rated flow: 5kA, 5 times for positive and negative each, 8/20m s impact current wave Residual pressure: 250V 4) Indicator and alarm dry node parameter When the green indicator is on and the red is off, it means the power input is normal, and the lightning arrester is working normally. If the green indicator is off and the red indicator is on, it means the power input is abnormal, components in the lightning arrester are damaged, protection effect is deteriorated and the device must be replaced immediately. Normally-closed contact. The alarm dry node is closed when the lightning arrester is normal and it is open when the device is faulty. Regulated current 1A. 5) Size of the lightning arrester: LWH= 41mm95mm59mm II. DC/DC power supply module technical parameters Power supply module uses well-developed circuits, with perfect protection function. The safety specification is UL, TUV, CCEE proven. EMC is compliant with EN55022 and IEC61000-4 standards. l Working temperature: -10~45?

l Storage temperature: -40~70?

l Atmospheric pressure: 70~106kpa l Relative humidity: 15%~85%

l Input voltage: -40~ -60VDC l Input under-voltage current-limiting protection point: -361VDC l Input under-voltage recovery point: -381VDC l Output voltage: +270.5V l Output voltage range: +25~+29VDC l Output over voltage protection point: +30.5 0.5VDC l DC output rated current: 65A 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-41 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station l Output current-limiting point: 68.5~71.5A l Regulated voltage precision: 1%

Loaded regulation: 0.5%

Voltage regulation: 0.2%

l Output noise voltage 2 Hardware Architecture Balanced noise of the telephone: 2.0mV (300~3400Hz) Broadband noise voltage: 30mV (3.4k~30MHz) Peak-peak value noise voltage: 100mV (0~20MHz) Discrete noise voltage: 5mV (3.4kHz~150kHz)

3mV (150kHz~200kHz)

2mV (200kHz~500kHz)

1mV (500kHz~30MHz) l Power efficiency: 85% (in full load) l Dynamic performance Load effect recovery time: 200m s 25%~50%~25% load variance Output overshoot: 5% output voltage setting value 50%~75%~50% load variance l Equipment delay: 5s l Safety requirement Insulation resistance of input-case, input-output, output-case: 2MO Test conditions: ambient temperature: 205?

Relative humidity: 90%

Test voltage: DC 500V l Dielectric strength Input-output: AC 1000V/1min/30mA Input-ground: AC 500V/1min/30mA Output-ground: AC 500V/1min/30mA l EMI requirement Conducted interference On 150kHz~30MHz frequency, the conducted interference level in the power cord of the tested equipment should not exceed class "A" limit in EN55022 Table 1. Radiated interference On 150kHz~1000MHz frequency, the radiated interference level of the power cord of the tested equipment should not exceed class "A" limit in EN55022 Table 1. l Reliability Test the product reliability with MTBF. The MTBF value of the power supply subsystem should not be lower than 15%104h. l High temperature aging 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-42 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture The power supply subsystem works in full load for 4 hours continuously at an ambient temperature of 552? and all its technical index can still meet the requirement of this standard. 2.5.4 Power Supply Monitoring The monitoring information of the whole power supply subsystem and each power supply module is all provided via the RS485 serial port on the backplane. Monitor items are as follows:

I. What is to be monitored 1) Control value l Power supply module total shutdown control l Power supply module auto shutdown control 2) Switch signal value l Fan alarm signal l Overheat alarm signal l Output over-voltage alarm signal l Input under-voltage alarm signal 3) Current, voltage analog signal l Output voltage (V) l Output current (A) 4) Interface setup note Power supply subsystem provides an RS485 port on the backplane, used to report monitor information to BCKM. 2.5.5 BTS Direct Current Switchbox (BDCS) BDCS is used to power the system. When +27V is output from the power subrack, it is connected to the distribution copper bar in the switchbox via the bus bar installed on the back pole. The power is distributed on the copper bars, going through the switch and connected with terminal bars. In line distribution, the outbound terminals are connected with the power consume supply units. There are also lightning protection alarm indicators -48V power status indicators in the switchbox. There is one set of +27 power sockets on the panel of the DC switchbox, used to supply power for RF module maintenance locally or measure voltage. 2.6 Environment Monitoring BTS equipment rooms are usually unattended and widely distributed. In comparison with switch equipment rooms, BTS equipment rooms have fewer and simpler equipment, and operate in a harsher environment where fire or flooding is likely to happen. To ensure that BTS equipment works normally, intensive environment monitoring system is required to handle any accidents. The environment monitoring system of the BTS consists of the environment monitoring equipment and BCKM. The environment monitoring equipment collects environment information and reports the information to OMC. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-43 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture The environment monitoring equipment consists of environment alarm collection box and the sensor. The environment alarm collection box collects external environment parameter through the sensors. The parameters are processed in the box. If alarm condition is met, an alarm will be sent to BCKM as a switch value, via the alarm transmission signal line, asynchronous serial port and optical fiber. BCKM collects the alarm signal, makes corresponding processing and reports to OMC. The alarm box in the system can real-time monitor the temperature, humidity, smoke and illegal invasion alarm in the environment. It can also automatically detect the environment based on the specified value, automatically give alarm and drive related protection apparatus such as fire extinguisher, humidifier, dehumidifier and burglar proof device. The alarm box can also receive instruction from the control center to modify parameters and activate protection apparatus. The alarm box features the following:

l Real-time indication of temperature and humidity l Time indication l Fire, smoke, humiture, water and three types of burglar alarms l Panel control key pad l Provide 10x switch value input (optical/electrical isolation) l 6x relays (max. 5A/220V) drive external actuator l 2x PWM outputs (8bit resolution, basic clock not more than 500kHz) l 7 independent open-collector gates (absorption current 300mA) driving l Communicate with BCKM of BTS through RS485 interface 2.6.1 Alarm Box Input l Monitor temperature: frequency type hygrothermograph l Monitor humidity: frequency type hygrothermograph l Monitor smoke: ionic smoke sensor or optical/electrical smoke sensor l Monitor naked flame (optional): flame detector or hyper-thermo detector l Burglar proof monitoring: infrared monitor, optical/electrical monitor, door magnetic monitor l Other sensor input: the input signals of all above sensors can be expanded to 10 switch values except the quantum temperature and humiture signals 2.6.2 Alarm Indicator The 10 red indicator in the alarm box panel correspond to the following alarm values:

l Fire alarm: alarm activated from over heat or by smoke detector l Smoke alarm: overtime alarm of the smoke sensor l Temperature upper limit: alarm activated when the ambient temperature exceeds l Temperature lower limit: alarm activated when the ambient temperature exceeds the upper limit of the temperature range. the lower limit of the temperature range. l Humidity abnormal: alarm activated when the relative humidity is not in the specified range. l Soaking: alarm activated when the soaking detector is triggered. l Air-conditioner status: alarm activated when a fault occurs to the air-conditioner. l Optical/electrical:

the for prevention of burglary, alarm activated when optical/electrical switch is trigger. l Infrared: for prevention of burglary, alarm activated when the infrared sensor is l Door magnetic: for prevention of burglary, alarm activated when the door triggered. magnetic switch is triggered. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-44 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture When a sensor has more than one input signals, alarming on any signal will be considered an alarm event. All sensors can be expanded to multi-channel sensors, at most 10 channels except the temperature and humiture sensors. 2.6.3 Interface of Executive Mechanism The environment monitoring function of BTS also includes the following interfaces of executive mechanism. 1) Six (A~F) normally open/closed optional relay contacts output to control the protection devices. The relay is 1A/220V. Usage can be customized, but the default setting is as follows:

l A starts the freezer. The relay is actuated when the temperature exceeds the l B starts the heater. The relay is actuated when the temperature exceeds the l C starts the dehumidifier. The relay is actuated when the humidity exceeds the upper limit of the specified range. lower limit of the specified range. upper limit of the specified range. lower limit of the specified range. l D starts the humidifier. The relay is actuated when the humidity exceeds the l F starts the burglar alarm. The relay is actuated when a burglar alarm occurs. 2) Two PWM outputs, driven by the open-collector gate, drive current 300mA. Period can be customized, 1 second by default, resolution 8 bits (0~255). 3) Seven open-collector gate outputs, drive current 300mA, controlling the specified actuator. 2.6.4 Communication There is bi-directional link between the alarm box and BCKM. The alarm box reports BCKM through the link about the alarm status and monitored data. BCKM can send commands to control the alarm box to actuate the protection devices and set alarm parameters. 2.7 Lightning Protection System 2.7.1 Overview Thunder and lightning is a universal natural phenomenon. It is impossible to prevent it. What can be done is to reduce the accident probability. Lightning attack probability is different in different areas. It is related to the external environment (weather, lightning protection and grounding) where the equipment is located and the protection quality of the equipment. The lightning protection of communication equipment should be in line with the following principles:

Systematic protection: since information equipment is extensively connected and lightning surge is all pervasive, protection by means of equipment and board only is not enough. A thorough research should be conducted to the systematic environment where the communication station (site) is located. Probability protection: lightning discharge is random. Statistics can be roughly made to the lightning parameters. Lightning protection equipment cannot prevent the 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-45 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture lightning and lightning protection devices cannot suppress all over-voltage and over-current. Although there is small probability for destructive lightnings, it costs much to guard against it. Multi-level protection: IEC 61312 divides the equipment premises area into several lightning protection zones: LPZ0A, LPZ0B, LPZ1 and LPZ2, as shown in Figure 2-27. Hole (such as window) Antenna LPZ0A is likely to be attacked by direct lightning, with no attenuation in the electromagnetic field Power cable LPZ0B is not likely to be attacked by direct lightning,with no attenuation in the electromagnetic field Pole or fence LPZ2 EM field further attenuation LPZ1 is not likely to be attacked by direct lightning, with no attenuation in the electromagnetic field. Equipment Metal (pipe) Communication cable Figure 2-28 EC 61312 Space division of lightning protection zone BTS equipment is usually in LPZ1 and communication cables, power lines and antennae are usually in LPZ0A. Different protection measures are taken for different zones. The multi-level protection requires equipotential connection (equipotential connection means the connection with conductors or surge protectors of lightning apparatus with metal structures of the premises, metal devices, foreign conductor, electrical appliances and telecommunication equipment located in the area where lightning protection is necessary), to reduce metal parts in the lightning protection zone and minimize potential difference between the systems. Generally, to lower the probability of lightning attack to the BTS, much attention should be devoted to three points: protection system where the station (site) is located, BTS internal lightning protection system and their interoperation. 2.7.2 Lightning Protection for DC I. Multi-level protection of power supply The BTS power supply subsystem is normally in 5-level protection, as shown in Figure 2-29. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-46 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture 6kV 4 kV 2.5 kV 1.5 kV Level-1 protection Level-2 protection Level-3 protection Level-4 protection 3-phase AC

. AC/DC Low power-absorbing capability, very quick response, in rectifier module Considerable power-absorbing capability, normal response, at the AC distribution point Normal power-absorbing capability, quick response, in front of rectifier module Great power-absorbing capability, slow response, at cable inlet of the room, optional Figure 2-29 Illustration of lightning protection of BTS power II. Principle of DC lightning arrester Level-5 protection is a built-in integrated lightning arrester in the cabinet-top box. The operation principle is as shown in Figure 2-30.

-48V GND Lightning arrester EMI Signal line PGND Wiring terminal Figure 2-30 Illustration of lightning protection of BTS power 2.7.3 Lightning Protection for Trunk Line I. Overview Three kinds of trunk line are supported in BTS: 75O coaxial cable (E1), 120O twisted pair (E1) and optical fiber. Lightning protection is out of question if optical fiber is used as the trunk line because the BTS is connected with fiber pigtail. For the two kinds of E1 trunk line, lightning protection is provided by the BTS E1 surge protector

(BESP) on top of the equipment. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-47 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station II. Connection to BTS via E1 trunk line As shown in Figure 2-31. 75/120O BTS 75/120O 2 Hardware Architecture BESP BCIM Transmission equipment Grounding bar of the room Figure 2-31 Connection to BTS via trunk lines III. BESP introduction E1 interface protection of BTS is implemented through a BESP on top of the equipment. In consideration of the limit cabinet-top space or the convenience of installation or dismounting, two identical BESPs are used, each with 8 pairs (16 PCS) E1 lightning protection units, 1 DB37 connector and 2 DB25 connectors, as shown in Figure 2-32. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-48 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2 Hardware Architecture 6mm Into the cabinet

(8 pairs of E1s) m m 5 m m 8 2 1 DB37 16 E1 lightning protection units Fixing hole3.5 PGND10 6mm Figure 2-32 Physical appearance of BESP 128mm Out from the cabinet

(4 pairs of E1s) 10mm 5 2 B D 5 2 B D Out from the cabinet

(4 pairs of E1s) E1 lightning protection unit has two inbound lines connected with DB25 and two outbound lines connected with DB37 and one PGND. Here PGNDs of all lightning protection units can be interconnected. DB37 connector is male and DB25 connector is female, with 8 pairs of shielded E1 cables connected. 75O and 120O impedance match is provided with the cables. The principle of lightning protection units is as shown in Figure 2-33. Core Lead in DB25 Sheath PGND Lead out DB37 Figure 2-33 Principle of E1 lightning protection units 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-49 User Manual Airbridge ccBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 2.7.4 Lightning Protection for Antenna & Feeder Port 2 Hardware Architecture I. Lightning protection design for RF antenna & feeder port Antenna & feeder lightning protection is to protect against secondary lightning attack, i.e. inductive lightning. Inductive lightning means that the feeder receives inductive current at the transient moment of lightning attack, which cause damage to the equipment. Inductive lightning can be prevented effectively in three ways:

l The feeder is grounded at three points. l Antenna DC is grounded. The inductive current on the conductor in the feeder can be discharged through the antenna. l CDU DC is grounded. The inductive current on the conductor in the feeder can be discharged through CDU. The above three measures can be taken to guard against 8kA lightning current. II. Lighting protection design for dual-satellite synchronization antenna &

feeder GPS/GLONASS antenna & feeder is protected with an additional lightning arrester to prevent the damage caused by the lightning current induced on the core of the antenna & feeder. Lightning protection can be active and passive:

l Passive lightning protection: the low frequency lightning current is grounded by microwave principle, to provide protection. l Active lightning protection: a discharge tube is used as the lightning arrester. When the voltage at both ends of the discharge tube comes to a specified value, the two ends will be connected, hence the lightning protection. The dual-satellite synchronization antenna & feeder adopts passive lightning protection. Its equivalent circuit is as shown in Figure 2-34. 1 L1 C3 C1 C2 C4 L2 Figure 2-34 Lightning protection for BTS antenna & feeder port 2 03Q-0110-20020720-120 2-50 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Software Architecture 3 Software Architecture 3.1 Overall Architecture cBTS3612-800 software consists of application and bottom layer software in terms of layer. And in terms of functional unit, there are main control software, O&M software, clock software, BCIM software, BCPM software, BRDM software and BTRM software. Main control software, O&M software and clock software are compiled together, running on BCKM. Other software runs on their corresponding boards. cBTS3612-800 software structure is as shown in Figure 3-1. cBTS3612-800 software Main control software O&M software Running on BCKM Clock software BCIM software BCPM software BRDM software BTRM software Operating system and lower layer driver Application Lower layer software Figure 3-1 cBTS3612-800 software architecture I. cBTS3612-800 applications This part mainly realizes layered protocol of radio links and Abis interface protocol, exercises real-time management over radio resources and transmission equipment as well as performs operation & maintenance to BTS equipment. The function of each software module will be detailed in 3.2 Module Description. II. cBTS3612-800 bottom layer software This part works on a unified software platform. Bottom layer software includes operating system and bottom layer drivers. The operating system is a well-developed imbedded real-time multi-task operating system, which delivers highly effective and reliable operations such as timer management and memory management. The bottom layer drivers provide basic functions for the upper layer to operate the physical devices and for the calling by applications. task dispatching, message management, 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3.2 Module Description 3.2.1 Main Control Software I. Function of main control software 3 Software Architecture The main control software is primarily used for the control of service call flow, it communicates with BSC through Abis interface, and also with BCPM, BTRM, OMU

(operation & maintenance software) interfaces inside the BTS. BTS is closely connected with BSC through the main control software, jointly performing radio resources management at air interface. II. Structure of main control software The structure of the main control software is as shown in Figure 3-2. Main control software Resource management Cell configuration and message update Channel management Active/standby switchover Operation &

maintenance Figure 3-2 Structure of main control software III. Software units 1) Resource management This unit consists of four sub-modules:

l Resource status management: When BTS resource status changes, the main control software reports to BSC the current resource status of BTS, which will trigger BSC to perform logic configuration operation to BTS. At the same time, BTS regularly reports its resource status to BSC so that the logic resource status of BTS and BSC are consistent. Logic resource includes cell, carrier, forward channel and reverse channel in the channel unit resource pool. l Resource measurement report: Main control software submits the cell public parameter measurement report received from BTRM to BSC. Specific parameters of the public measurement report include RSSI, carrier transmit power, etc. l Resource blocking function: cells, carriers or channel elements can be blocked or unblocked. l Resource checking function: Main control software checks the resources of BCPM regularly, such as dedicated channels and common channels, to make sure the resource allocated on both sides are identical. 2) Cell configuration and message update This unit comprises three sub-modules:

l Cell configuration function: BSC makes logic configuration to the cell according to the availability status of the logic resource reported by BTS. Specifically, carrier attribute configuration of BTRM and cell public channel attribute configuration of BCPM. Carrier attribute configuration attributes are: carrier band, carrier absolute band number and carrier transmit gain. Cell public channel attribute configuration parameters are: BASE_ID, cell ID, pilot PN sequence offset, cell gain, public 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Software Architecture channel number and attribute (including pilot type, pilot gain, SCH gain, QPCH quantity, QPCH gain, QPCH rate, PCH quantity, PCH gain, PCH rate, ACH quantity). l General message update: after cell configuration, when the cell logic resource changes, it is necessary to update the general message of the cell. General message includes system parameter message, access parameter message and synchronization channel message. l Cell breath control: when the user load of adjacent cells is not balanced, BSC activates the cell breath control. The main control software resets the cell attribute parameters as required by BSC, to perform cell breath function. 3) Channel management This unit comprises 6 sub-modules:

l Paging channel message processing: transmit the paging channel message from BSC to corresponding BCPM according the parameters such as cell ID, absolute band number and PCN. l Access channel message processing: Main control software sends the access channel message received from BCPM access channel to BSC. l Channel allocation and release: when a dedicated channel is to be created, the main control software will first check information such as the carrier absolute band of the private channel, channel type, RC, rate, frame length, whether it is a branch of the existing channel for a softer handoff, and then distribute channel resource in the corresponding channel unit resource pool and send message instruction to BCPM to create the channel. Similarly, when a channel is to be released, the main control software first sends message instruction to BCPM to release the channel, which will be returned to corresponding channel unit resource pool. When a private channel is to be created or released, main control software needs to distribute or release the service link of AAL2 of the corresponding Abis interface. l Physical channel change function: in the process of communication through a private channel, BSC can modify some parameters of this channel in the physical layer. The parameters are: long code mask, reverse pilot door control rate, forward power control mode and MS pilot gain. After receiving the message from BSC, the main control software identifies the BCPM number of the private channel, and sends message to the BCPM board, instructing the modification of physical parameters. l Public channel mutual-aid function: when part of channel units in a channel unit resource pool are damaged, which makes part of or all of public channels in this channel unit resource pool unavailable, the main control software will attempt to move the affected public channels onto some available channels. At the same time, BCKM will send message to BCPM, requesting it to re-create these channels. l Transmission delay report function: when the BTS seizes a reverse private channel, or the air interface delay from the MS to the BTS changes over 1 code, BCPM will report to main control software about the air interface delay of this private channel. Then main control software forwards the channel delay to BSC. 4) Active/standby switchover To improve the system reliability, Main control software works in active/standby mode. The active Main control software backups call data to the standby in real time. When the active equipment gets faulty, active/standby switching occurs. Therefore the communication can go on on the created channel without any interruption. 5) Operation & maintenance Include functions such as data configuration, status report, interface tracing, fault alarm, reboot control, switching control, log sending and process reporting. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3.2.2 O&M Software I. Function of O&M software 3 Software Architecture Operation & maintenance software unit (OMU) is the O&M part of cBTS3612-800. Other software modules on the BTS have their own interfaces. OMU monitors the BTS operation. It is the intermediate section between the O&M center (OMC) and all equipment of cBTS3612-800. OMU is connected upward with OMC and downward with the function units of BTS. On one hand, OMU receives instructions from OMC, converts them into control unit instructions and sends to the function units. On the other hand, OMU receives status report and alarm report from the function units, make proper processing and report to OMC. II. Structure of O&M software The structure of the operation & maintenance software is as shown in Figure 3-3. O&M software Software downing Status management Data configuration Test management Interface tracing Fault management Log management Maintenance console interface Other functions Figure 3-3 Structure of O&M software III. Introduction to software units 1) Software downloading Software of all parts of BTS (including O&M software) can be downloaded remotely. When the software is to be upgraded, it has not to be done on the site of BTS. 2) Status management Monitor the running status of BTS boards, block/unblock the channels. 3) Data configuration Set up running parameters of BTS boards, including setting BTS attributes, BTRM attributes, BCPM attributes, and managing Abis interface circuit. 4) Test management Perform test to BTS equipment, including functional test to the boards, to make pre-warning the fault and locate the fault. 5) Interface tracing Trace the air interface message, or other interface messages inside BTS, to help locate faults. 6) Fault management 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Software Architecture Monitor BTS internal alarm, such as board alarms or monitor environmental alarm, such as temperature, humidity, fire alarm etc. For serious alarms, the O&M part can take protective measures such as shut down the equipment to avoid further damage. 7) Log management Record equipment operations and abnormal information, to help locate faults. 8) Maintenance console interface With the local MMI, the operator can perform operation & maintenance locally to the BTS via the Ethernet. 9) Other functions Other functions such as active/standby switching, debugging, etc. 3.2.3 Clock Software I. Funciton of clock software The primary function of the clock software is to refer to the standard 1PPS pulse signal output by the reference clock source module and GPS time information output from its serial port, and generate various clock signals synchronous with GPS system utilizing the software phase-locking algorithm. II. Structure of clock software Structure of clock software is as shown in Figure 3-4. Clock software Service application Operation &

maintenance Figure 3-4 Structure of clock software III. Introduction to software units 1) Service application This unit consists of three functional sub-modules:

l Reference clock source serial port communication processing sub-module: the clock software supports three reference clock sources input: GPS, GLONASS and external input. The sub-module gets GPS time information from the serial port of the clock source (the present system uses GPS clock source), and sends to the system via OMU. l Software phase locked sub-module: Combine hardware counting and software phase locked, providing GPS synchronization clock signal for the system, to ensure that CDMA system is globally synchronous. l Hardware phase locked control sub-module: perform initialization settings of devices about the hardware phase locked loop. 2) Operation & maintenance 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Software Architecture l Public part: process messages related to OMU interface, such as public query, board self-check and perform corresponding functions. l Private part: Clock module working parameter configuration, status management, alarm collection, alarm processing and reporting. 3.2.4 BCIM Software I. Function of BCIM software The primary function of BCIM software is to create ATM transmission link of Abis interface between BTS and BSC, and perform transmission of signaling, service and O&M information between the two through related protocol stack. Specifically:

l Receive OMU configuration command and configure ATM transmission link of l In a frame of 128 cells, the maximum bandwidth of one ATM transmission link is Abis interface. 8%1904kbit/s. l At most 7 ATM transmission links can be created between BTS and BSC. The bandwidth of each link is 1904kbit/s. II. Structure of BCIM software The structure of BCIM software is as shown in Figure 3-5. BCIM software IMA processing Figure 3-5 Structure of BCIM software Operation &

maintenance III. Introduction to software units 1) IMA processing IMA (Inverse multiplexing on ATM) processing is to perform the following functions: add or delete IMA groups and IMA links dynamically. Add or delete UNI link. 2) Operation & maintenance l Public part: process messages related to OMU interface, such as log management, board self-check, public query, interface tracing, board software loading and link test, perform respective functions. l Private maintenance: management of E1/SDH interface, IMA state machine and IMA configuration, as well as BCIM board status management, alarm collection, alarm processing and reporting. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3 Software Architecture 3.2.5 BCPM Software I. Software function The primary function of BCPM software is to make operation and control to channel processor. Specifically:

l Work with main control software to manage the service layer of BCPM. l Public channel processing. l Service channel processing. II. Software structure The structure of BCPM software is as shown in Figure 3-6. BCPM software Service application Operation &

maintenance Figure 3-6 Structure of BCPM software III. Introduction to software units 1) Service application This unit consists of 3 functional sub-modules:

l Control & management sub-module: the sub-module creates or release specified channel applications according to the control command sent by main control software. At the same, it exercises management over cell configuration and radio link. l Public channel sub-module: under the control of the control & management sub-module, the sub-module is used to setup or release public channel, perform message dispatching for forward public channel and control the corresponding driver to sent message to the air in correct time. It also receives air reverse message for the reverse public channel, and forwards to BSC through the main control software. l Private channel sub-module: under the control of the management sub-module, the sub-module setups or releases traffic channel. For the forward dedicated channel it receives data frame of BSC and sends from the air in correct time according to the power set in BSC. For reverse dedicated channel, it receives reverse air frame, adds some information and sends to BSC. 2) Operation & maintenance l Public part: process messages related to OMU log management, board self-check, public query, interface tracing, board software loading and link test, and perform respective functions. interface, such as l Private part: channel processing parameter configuration, status management, alarm collection, alarm processing and reporting. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-7 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3.2.6 BRDM Software I. Function of BRDM software 3 Software Architecture BRDM software is used to relay BTRM signaling and control base band data. The main functions are:

l Provide relay for 36 BTRM signalings (including main control signaling and operation & maintenance signaling). l Receive OMU configuration command, control the relay of forward & reverse base band data. II. Structure of BRDM software The structure of BRDM software is as shown in Figure 3-7. BRDM software Signaling trunk Figure 3-7 Structure of BRDM software Operation &

maintenance III. Introduction to software units 1) Signaling trunk Perform BTRM signaling trunk function, including two parts: BTRM signaling trunk task and trunk interface matching. The primary task is to adapt signalings from OMU or BCKM according to the format and protocol established with BTRM software and send them to BTRM. Or adapt signalings from BTRM and send to OMU or BCKM. 2) Operation & maintenance l Public part: process messages related to OMU interface, such as log management, board self-checking, public query, interface tracing, board software loading and link test and perform respective functions. l Private part: perform functions such as base band trunk link configuration, BTRM signaling trunk link configuration, link quality monitoring as well as board status management, alarm collection, alarm processing and reporting. 3.2.7 BTRM Software I. Function of BTRM software BTRM software exercises management over BTRM. The main functions are as follows:

l Perform cell carrier configuration, carrier parameter measure and transmit gain l Perform operation & maintenance to BTRM module. l Ensure the precision of the clock of BTRM module through software compensation. phase-locking. l Board device configuration, BFMM & environment monitor box management and fiber-optic link delay measurement. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-8 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station II. Structure of BTRM software 3 Software Architecture The structure of BTRM software is as shown in Figure 3-8. BTRM software Others Signaling processing Software phase-lock Operation &

maintenance Figure 3-8 Structure of BTRM software III. Introduction to software units 1) Signaling processing This unit consists of 4 functional sub-modules:

l Carrier setting: BTRM software receives carrier configuration command from main control software, configuring the frequency and power level of the sector carrier. l Public parameter measurement: BTRM makes a regular measurement of the forward transmit power and RSSI (received signal strength indication), and reports measurement result to BCKM. l Loopback test: BTRM software receives loopback test command from the main control software and returns the test data. The function is used for logic link test between BTRM and BCKM. l Transmit path gain compensation: BTRM software modifies the gain of the transmit path according to the change of ambient temperature and the present working frequency, to ensure the stability of transmit power at antenna & feeder port. 2) Software phase-lock BTRM software phase-lock unit controls the constant temperature crystal oscillator with software phase locked algorithm so that the constant temperature crystal oscillator can provide a clock of satisfactory frequency and precision to the system. 3) Others This unit consists of 2 functional sub-modules:

l Optical fiber delay calculation: when the optical fiber is long enough, the delay of fiber-optic link becomes significant. BTRM software can calculates the delay of the fiber-optic link and reports the result to OMU so that OMU can make necessary phase compensation. l BFMM and environment monitor box management: BTRM software exercises management over the BFMM and environment monitor box, including storing &

transmiting alarm information, sending control command and getting real-time status. 4) Operation & maintenance l Public part: process messages related log management, board self-check, public query, interface tracing, board software loading and link test, and perform respective functions. interface such as to OMU l Dedicated part: control the parameter configuration of RF system, monitor running status and RF PLL status and perform functions such as alarm collection, alarm processing and reporting. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 3-9 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration 5 System Configuration This chapter first introduces cBTS3612-800 system configuration, based on which some typical configuration examples are given. After reading this chapter, you will have a basic understanding of cBTS3612-800 configuration principle. 5.1 Configuration Overview BTS consists of the following parts in physical structure:

l Power distribution box l Baseband subrack l Fan subrack l Power subrack l RF subrack l RLDU subrack l CDU/DFU subrack BTS is designed to accommodate 36 sector carriers in full configuration, which supports 3 cabinets at most, one basic and two extended. The difference between a basic cabinet and an extended cabinet is that a basic cabinet needs a baseband subrack. The basic cabinet and extended cabinet are connected with optical fiber. A single cabinet supports as many as 12 sector carriers. Main configuration modes are omni cell, 3 sectors and 6 sectors. 5.1.1 Basic/Extended Cabinet Configuration Configuration of a basic cabinet is as shown in Figure 5-1. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration Power dist ribution box 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 B C I M B C I M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B R D M B R D M B C K M B C K M B R D M B R D M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B R D M B R D M Fan box 1 Fan box 2 P S U P S U P S U B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M P S U B H P A P S U B T R M B H P A B T R M RLDU RLDU RLDU C D U C D U C D U C D U C D U C D U B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M Figure 5-1 Configuration of a basic cabinet Baseband subrack Fan subrack PSU subrack RF subrack RLDU subrack CDU/DFU subrack RF subrack The baseband subrack of extended cabinet don't need configuration. The front view of a basic cabinet is as shown in Figure 5-4. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration Figure 5-2 Front view of a basic cabinet 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5.1.2 Baseband Subrack Configuration 5 System Configuration The baseband subrack in full configuration is as shown in Figure 5-3. 0 B C I M 1 2 3 B C I M B C P M B C P M 4 B C P M 5 B C P M 6 B C P M 7 B C P M 8 B R D M 9 B R D M 10 B C K M 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 B C K M B R D M B R D M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B C P M B R D M B R D M Figure 5-3 The baseband subrack in full configuration The boards in the baseband subrack include BCIM, BCPM, BRDM, BCKM. The quantity of boards should be configured as follows:

I. BCIM Provide interface module with BSC. It is according capacity demand and service type. 2 PCS is needed for full configuration. 2 BCIMs configured can be used for load sharing. Each BCIM boards can support 8 E1 links. II. BCPM BCPM board is the channel processing board of BTS. At most 12 BCPMs can be configured in the baseband subrack. There are two types of BCPMs. The processing capability of type-A is 64 reverse channels and 128 forward channels, while the capability of type-B is 128 reverse channels and 256 forward channels BCPMs are configured based on the channel processing capability required by the system, with consideration of carrier quantity and board types. Typical configurations are listed in Table 5-1. Table 5-1 Configuration of BCPMs BTS configuration Number of type-A BCPMs Number of type-B BCPMs O1 O2 S111 S222 S333 S444 1 2 2 4 6 8 Not recommended Not recommended 1 2 3 4 The above configuration is for CDMA2000 1X, and for 3-sector configuration, type-B BCPMs are recommended. For IS95 configuration, the quantity should be reduced by half. In normal cases, no redundancy configuration is required. If one board fails, system will automatically screened the faulty board. In this case, the system capacity decreases, but the service is still normal. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station III. BRDM configuration 5 System Configuration BRDM board is used to connect BTRM module of RF part. BRDM provides 6 optical fiber ports, which can be connected with 6 TRXM modules. 6 BRDMs are needed in full configuration with 36 sector carriers. When there are less than 6 sector carriers, 1 BRDM is enough. When there are 6~12 sector carriers, 2 BRDMs are needed. BRDMs should be first configured in slots 12 and 13. When there are more than 12 sector carriers, BRDMs are needed in slots 8, 9, 20, 21, as shown in Figure 5-3. The configuration principle: adding 6 sector carriers requires one additional BRDM. IV. BCKM configuration BCKM is the control & clock board, 2PCS as active/standby. Normally, one piece is enough and 2 pieces are used for backup purpose. BCKM receives GPS signal from outside and provides 10MHz clock connection tester externally. In addition, it provides interfaces such as Modem, RS485. 5.1.3 Power Supply Subrack Configuration Power supply module provides +27V power for the whole system, 5 modules in full configuration, as shown in Figure 5-4. P S U P S U P S U P S U P S U Figure 5-4 Power Supply Subrack in full configuration The power module can ensure at least 7200W output (4+1 backup). The number of modules used depends on the number of carriers. Two power supply modules (one backup) should be configured when there are no more than 3 sector carriers. One more power supply module is needed when 3 sector carriers are added. Since current equalization output and centralized powering is used, power supply modules can be inserted into any slots for both the basic cabinet and extended cabinet. The configuration of power supply module in a cabinet is as follows:

Configuration unit (sector carrier) Power supply module quantity unit (PCS) Basic configuration 1~3 4~6 7~9 10~12 03Q-0110-20020720-120 1 1+1 2+1 3+1 4+1 5-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5.1.4 RF Part Configuration RF part in full configuration is shown in Figure 5-5. 5 System Configuration B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M RLDU RLDU RLDU C D U C D U C D U C D U C D U C D U B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M Figure 5-5 RF part in full configuration There are 2 RF subracks in BTS, each subrack with 6 BTRM slots and 6 BHPA slots. Empty slots are covered with dummy panels. There is one RLDU subrack, configured with 1~3 RLDUs according to actual implementation. There is one CDU/DFU subrack, configured with 1~6 CDUs or DFUs according to needs. Each DFU supports 1 sector carrier, Each CDU supports 2 sector carriers, and the carriers supported by each CDU should be larger than or equal to 2 carrier intervals. The configuration of RF devices varies with the quantity of BTS sector carriers. 5.1.5 Configuration of Antenna Parts Two omni antennae should be used for omni cell. For 3-sectors and 6-sectors configuration, each sector needs one bi-polarization antenna or two uni-polarization antennae. 5.2 Typical Configurations Typical configurations of BTS include:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station O(1)configuration: 1-carrier omni cell S(1/1/1)configuration: 1 carrier%3 sectors S(2/2/2)configuration: 2 carriers%3 sectors S(3/3/3)configuration: 3 carriers%3 sectors 5.2.1 O(1) Configuration 5 System Configuration O(1) configuration BTS is as follows:

l Baseband subrack requires 1 BCIM, 1 BRDM, 1~2 BCKM, 1 BCPM (when type-A BCPM is used). l 2 power supply module. l 2 omni uni-polarization antennae. The O(1) configuration RF equipment (without diversity receiving) is shown in Figure 5-6. RLDU D F U B H P A B T R M Figure 5-6 O(1) configuration RF equipment Logic connection of RF equipment is as shown in Figure 5-7. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-7 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration BTRM BIFM BRCM TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT Main_ ANT TX_IN Div._ ANT Main_RX_OUT FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT Div._RX_OUT DFU RLDU A_Rm1 A_Rm2 A_Rm3/B_Rm1 A_Rm4/B_Rm2 A_Main_RX_IN A_FWDCPL_IN A_REVCPL_IN A_Div._RX_IN A_Rd1 A_Rd2 A_Rd3/B_Rd1 A_Rd4/B_Rd2 B_Main_RX_IN B_FWDCPL_IN B_REVCPL_IN B_Div._RX_IN Mode("1") Figure 5-7 RF equipment logic connection, O(1) configuration 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-8 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5.2.2 S(1/1/1) Configuration 5 System Configuration S(1/1/1) configuration BTS is as follows:

l The baseband subrack requires 1 BCIM, 1 BRDM, 1~2BCKM, 2 BCPM (when type-B BCPM is used). l 2 power supply modules. l Each sector needs 2 uni-polarization antennae or 1 bi-polarization antenna. S(1/1/1) configuration RF equipment (without diversity receiving) is as shown in Figure 5-8. RLDU RLDU RLDU D F U B H P A B T R M D F U B H P A B T R M D F U B H P A B T R M Figure 5-8 S(1/1/1) configuration RF equipment Logic connection of RF equipment of each sector is as shown in Figure 5-9. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-9 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration BTRM BIFM BRCM TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT Main_ ANT TX_IN Div._ ANT Main_RX_OUT FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT Div._RX_OUT DFU RLDU A_Rm1 A_Rm2 A_Rm3/B_Rm1 A_Rm4/B_Rm2 A_Main_RX_IN A_FWDCPL_IN A_REVCPL_IN A_Div._RX_IN A_Rd1 A_Rd2 A_Rd3/B_Rd1 A_Rd4/B_Rd2 B_Main_RX_IN B_FWDCPL_IN B_REVCPL_IN B_Div._RX_IN Mode("1") Figure 5-9 RF equipment logic connection, one sector of S(1/1/1) configuration 5.2.3 S(2/2/2) Configuration S(2/2/2) configuration BTS is as follows:

l The baseband subrack requires 1 BCIM, 1 BRDM, 1~2BCKM, 2 BCPMs (when type-B BCPM is used). l 3 power supply modules. l Each sector needs 2 uni-polarization antennae or 1 bi-polarization antenna. S(2/2/2) configuration RF equipment (without diversity receiving) is shown in Figure 5-10. RLDU RLDU RLDU C D U D F U C D U D F U C D U D F U B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M Figure 5-10 S(2/2/2) configuration RF equipment 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-10 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration

& Note:

The frequency points of CDU is fixed, its upper subrack should be at higher frequency point and the lower subrack at lower frequency point. In actual configuration, the configuration slots should be selected according to the frequency points of CDU. For 160&260-combining CDU, S(2/2/2) configuration, if the working frequency is determined to be 260, then the carrier modules (one BHPA and one BTRM) should be in the upper subrack, If the system is determined to work at 160, then the modules should be configured in lower subrack. Logic connection of RF equipment of each sector is as shown in Figure 5-11. BTRM BIFM BRCM TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT BTRM BIFM BRCM TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT Main_ ANT TX Div._ ANT Main_RX_OUT FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT Div._RX_OUT DFU ANT TX1_IN TX2_IN Main_RX_OUT FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT CDU RLDU A_Rm1 A_Rm2 A_Rm3/B_Rm1 A_Rm4/B_Rm2 A_Main_RX_IN A_FWDCPL_IN A_REVCPL_IN A_Div._RX_IN A_Rd1 A_Rd2 A_Rd3/B_Rd1 A_Rd4/B_Rd2 B_Main_RX_IN B_FWDCPL_IN B_REVCPL_IN B_Div._RX_IN Mode("0") Figure 5-11 RF equipment logic connection, one sector of S(2/2/2) configuration 5.2.4 S(3/3/3) Configuration S(3/3/3) configuration of BTS is as follows:

l The baseband subrack requires 1 BCIM, 2 BRDMs, 1~2BCKM, 3 BCPMs (when type-B BCPM is used). l 4 power supply modules. l Each sector needs 2 uni-polarization antennae or 1 bi-polarization antenna. S(3/3/3) configuration RF equipment (without diversity receiving) is as shown in Figure 5-12. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-11 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 5 System Configuration B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M RLDU RLDU RLDU C D U D F U C D U D F U C D U D F U B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M B H P A B T R M Figure 5-12 S(3/3/3) configuration RF equipment Logic connection of RF equipment of each sector is as shown in Figure 5-13 BTRM BIFM BRCM TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT BTRM BIFM BRCM BTRM BIFM BRCM TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd TX_RFm TX_RFd RX_RFm RX_RFd BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT BHPA PA_IN PA_OUT Main_ ANT TX Div._ ANT Main_RX_OUT FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT Div._RX_OUT DFU ANT TX1_IN TX2_IN Main_RX_OUT FWDCPL_OUT REVCPL_OUT CDU RLDU A_Rm1 A_Rm2 A_Rm3/B_Rm1 A_Rm4/B_Rm2 A_Main_RX_IN A_FWDCPL_IN A_REVCPL_IN A_Div._RX_IN A_Rd1 A_Rd2 A_Rd3/B_Rd1 A_Rd4/B_Rd2 B_Main_RX_IN B_FWDCPL_IN B_REVCPL_IN B_Div._RX_IN Mode("0") Figure 5-13 RF equipment logic connection, one sector of S(3/3/3) configuration 03Q-0110-20020720-120 5-12 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix A Receiving Performance Appendix A Technical Performance of Receiver and Transmitter The technical specifications of BTS receivers and transmitters comply with or surpass all the performance requirements defined in the IS-97-D Recommended Minimum Performance Specification for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Base Station. A.1 Performance of Receiver A.1.1 Frequency Coverage BTS receiver runs between the following frequency band: 869~894MHz A.1.2 Access Probe Acquisition The access probe failure rates under the reliability of 90% is below the maximum value as shown in Table A-1:

Table A-1 Access probe failure rates Eb/N0 Per RF input point(dB) Maximum failure rate 5.5 6.5 50%

10%

A.1.3 Reverse Traffic Channel (R-TCH) Demodulation Performance I. Performance of R-TCH in Additive White Gaussian Noise The Demodulation performance of the Reverse Traffic Channel in an AWGN (no fading or multipath) environment is determined by the frame error rate (FER) at specified values of Eb/N0.. FER of 4 possible data rates should be calculated respectively. With 95% confidence, the FER for each data rate does not surpass the two given FER in Table A-2 and Table A-9, which adopt the linear interpolation in the form of Log10(FER)in which Eb/N0 measurement value is decided by whichever is bigger of the Eb/N0 values in two RF input ports. Table A-2 Maximum FER of F-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver in Demodulation Performance Test under RC1 Data rate (bit/s) 9600 4800 2400 1200 03Q-0110-20020720-120 FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 3.0 @ 4.1dB 8.0 @ 4.1dB 23.0 @ 4.1dB 22.0 @ 4.1dB 0.2 @ 4.7dB 1.0 @ 4.7dB 5.0 @ 4.7dB 6.0 @ 4.7dB A-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix A Receiving Performance Table A-3 Maximum FER of F-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver in Demodulation Performance Test under RC2 Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 5.0 @ 3.2dB 6.3 @ 3.2dB 5.8 @ 3.2dB 3.5 @ 3.2dB 0.2 @ 3.8dB 0.7 @ 3.2dB 1.0 @ 3.2dB 1.0 @ 3.2dB 14400 7200 3600 1800 Table A-4 Maximum FER of F-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver in Demodulation Performance Test under RC3 Data rate (bit/s) FER limit (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 9600 4800 2700 1500 2.3% @ 2.4 dB 2.3% @ 3.8 dB 2.5% @ 5.0 dB 1.7% @ 7.0 dB 0.3% @ 3.0 dB 0.4% @ 4.4 dB 0.5% @ 5.6 dB 0.4% @ 7.6 dB Table A-5 Maximum FER of R-SCH Receiver in Demodulation Performance Test under RC3 Data rate (bit/s) FER limit (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Lower limit Eb/N0 19200 38400 76800 153600 307200 9% @ 1.7 dB 13% @ 1.4 dB 14% @ 1.3 dB 14% @ 1.3 dB 14% @ 1.8 dB 1.7% @ 2.3 dB 2.1% @ 2.0 dB 2.4% @ 1.9 dB 2.4% @ 1.9 dB 2.0% @ 2.4 dB Table A-6 Maximum FER of R-SCH (Turbo Code) Receiver in Demodulation Performance Test under RC3 Data rate (bit/s) FER limit (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Lower limit Eb/N0 19200 38400 76800 153600 307200 20% @ 0.6 dB 24% @ -0.1 dB 30% @ -0.5 dB 60% @ -0.9 dB 90% @ -0.3 dB 0.9% @ 1.2 dB 0.3% @ 0.5 dB 0.2% @ 0.1 dB 0.1% @ -0.3 dB 0.1% @ 0.3 dB Table A-7 Maximum FER of F-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver in Demodulation Performance Test under RC4 Data rate (bit/s) FER limit (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Lower limit Eb/N0 14400 7200 3600 1800 2.4% @ 0.8 dB 2.4% @ 3.1 dB 1.7% @ 4.6 dB 1.6% @ 6.6 dB 0.3% @ 1.4 dB 0.4% @ 3.7 dB 0.3% @ 5.2 dB 0.5% @ 7.2 dB 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix A Receiving Performance Table A-8 Maximum FER of R-SCH Receiver of Demodulation Performance Test under RC4 Data rate (bit/s) FER limit (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Lower limit Eb/N0 28800 57600 115200 230400 10% @ 1.7 dB 12% @ 1.6 dB 14% @ 1.6 dB 12% @ 1.7 dB 1.9% @ 2.3 dB 1.7% @ 2.2 dB 2.0% @ 2.2 dB 1.7% @ 2.3 dB Table A-9 Maximum FER of R-SCH (Turbo Code) Receiver of Demodulation Performance Test under RC4 Data rate (bit/s) FER limit (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Lower limit Eb/N0 28800 57600 115200 230400 27% @ 0.7 dB 28% @ 0.2 dB 60% @ -0.2 dB 33% @ -0.5 dB 0.5% @ 1.3 dB 0.2% @ 0.8 dB 0.1% @ 0.4 dB 0.1% @ 0.1 dB II. Performance in Multipath Fading without Closed Loop Power Control The performance of the demodulation of the Reverse Traffic Channel in a multipath fading environment is determined by the frame error rate (FER) at specified values of Eb/N0. FER of 4 possible data rates should be calculated respectively. With 95%

confidence, the FER for each data rate shall not exceed that given by linear interpolation on a log10 scale between the two values given in Table A-13 and Table A-14. And the test value of Eb/N0 assumes the average value of Eb/N0 in two RF input ports. And during the test, the reverse service channel Eb/N0 of each RF input port adopted is within the limits specified in Table A-12. The configurations of standard channel simulator are given in Table A-10; and the channel model of the R-TCH receiving performance test in multipath environment is as shown in Table A-11. Table A-10 Standard Channel Simulator Configuration Standard channel Simulator configuration B C D Speed Number of Paths Path 2 power

(corresponds to path 1) Path 3 power

(corresponds to path 1) Deferring path 1 input Deferring path 2 input Deferring path 3 input 2 8km/h 25km/h 1 100km/h 3 0dB N/A 0dB N/A N/A

- 3dB 0m s 0m s 0m s 2 .0m s N/A 2 .0m s N/A N/A 14.5 m s Table A-11 Channel Model for the R-TCH Receiving Performance Test Case Channel Simulator configurations B C D D2 2 (8 km/h, 2 paths) 3 (30 km/h, 1 path) 4 (100 km/h, 3 path) 4 (100 km/h, 3 path) 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table A-12 Eb/N0 Limits of R-TCH Without Closed Loop Power Control Appendix A Receiving Performance Rate aggregation Condition Eb/N0 Limits (dB) Lower limit Upper limit B C D D2 B D D2 11.1 11.2 8.8 9.2 10.7 8.5 8.9 11.7 11.8 9.4 9.8 11.3 9.1 9.5 RC1 RC2 Table A-13 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver under RC1 Case Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 B C D D2 9600 4800 2400 1200 9600 4800 2400 1200 9600 4800 2400 1200 9600 4800 2400 1200 1.3 1.4 1.6 1.3 1.2 1.4 2.5 2.0 1.6 2.6 6.4 5.6 0.9 1.6 4.2 4.1 0.8 0.9 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.9 1.7 1.4 0.6 1.2 3.4 3.5 0.3 0.7 2.3 2.6 Table A-14 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver under RC2 Case Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 B D D2 14400 7200 3600 1800 14400 7200 3600 1800 14400 7200 3600 1800 1.3 1.0 0.7 0.6 1.7 1.6 1.5 2.2 0.9 0.9 1.1 1.5 0.8 0.5 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.9 1.2 0.3 0.4 0.6 0.9 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix A Receiving Performance III. Performance in Multipath Fading with Closed Loop Power Control The performance of the demodulation of the Reverse Traffic Channel in a multipath fading environment is determined by the frame error rate (FER) at specified values of Eb/N0.FER of 4 possible data rates needs to be calculated respectively. With 95%

confidence, the FER for each data rate shall not exceed that given by linear interpolation on a log10 scale between the two values given in Table A-16 and Table A-23. And the test value of Eb/N0 assumes the average value of Eb/N0 tested from the two RF input ports. Table A-15 Channel Model for the R-TCH Receiving Performance Test Condition Number of Channel Simulator configurations A B C D 1 (3 km/h, 1 path) 2 (8 km/h, 2 paths) 3 (30 km/h, 1 path) 4 (100 km/h, 3 path) Table A-16 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-FCH Receiver under RC1 Condition Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 B C 9600 4800 2400 1200 9600 4800 2400 1200 2.8% @ 5.9 dB 7.6 @ 5.9 dB 23.0 @ 5.9 dB 22.0 @ 5.9 dB 1.5 @ 7.1 dB 8.0 @ 7.1 dB 18.0 @ 7.1 dB 16.0 @ 7.1 dB 0.3 @ 6.5 dB 2.2 @ 6.5 dB 12.0 @ 6.5 dB 14.0 @ 6.5 dB 0.7 @ 7.7 dB 4.8 @ 7.7 dB 13.0 @ 7.7 dB 12.0 @ 7.7 dB Table A-17 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-FCH Receiver under RC2 Case Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 B C 14400 7200 3600 1800 14400 7200 3600 1800 2.8 @ 5.2 dB 4.7 @ 5.2 dB 8.7 @ 5.2 dB 15.0 @ 5.2 dB 1.3 @ 7.7 dB 3.2 @ 7.7 dB 4.7 @ 7.7 dB 5.2 @ 7.7 dB 0.4 @ 5.8 dB 1.3 @ 5.8 dB 4.6 @ 5.8 dB 9.8 @ 5.8 dB 0.7 @ 8.3 dB 1.8 @ 8.3 dB 3.5 @ 8.3 dB 3.9 @ 8.3 dB 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix A Receiving Performance Table A-18 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver under RC3 Case Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 A B C D 9600 (20 ms) 4800 2700 1500 9600 (20 ms) 4800 2700 1500 9600 (20 ms) 4800 2700 1500 9600 (20 ms) 4800 2700 1500 2.4% @ 3.4 dB 2.0% @ 4.4 dB 1.8% @ 5.6 dB 1.8% @ 7.2 dB 2.0% @ 3.9 dB 2.0% @ 4.9 dB 1.8% @ 6.1 dB 1.7% @ 7.8 dB 1.5% @ 5.2 dB 1.5% @ 6.1 dB 1.4% @ 7.2 dB 1.4% @ 8.8 dB 2.0% @ 4.7 dB 2.0% @ 5.7 dB 1.8% @ 6.9 dB 1.7% @ 8.5 dB 0.5% @ 4.0 dB 0.5% @ 5.0 dB 0.5% @ 6.2 dB 0.6% @ 7.8 dB 0.5% @ 4.5 dB 0.5% @ 5.5 dB 0.5% @ 6.7 dB 0.5% @ 8.4 dB 0.6% @ 5.8 dB 0.6% @ 6.7 dB 0.6% @ 7.8 dB 0.6% @ 9.4 dB 0.5% @ 5.3 dB 0.5% @ 6.3 dB 0.5% @ 7.5 dB 0.5% @ 9.1 dB Table A-19 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-SCH (Turbo Code) Receiver under RC3 Case Data rate (bit/s) 307200 153600 76800 38400 19200 B FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 10% @ 2.6 dB 10% @ 2.6 dB 10% @ 2.1 dB 9.0% @ 2.4 dB 9.0% @ 2.8 dB 2.0% @ 3.2 dB 2.0% @ 3.2 dB 2.4% @ 2.7 dB 2.4% @ 3.0 dB 2.5% @ 3.4 dB Table A-20 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-SCH (Turbo Code) Receiver under RC3 Case Data rate (bit/s) 307200 153600 76800 38400 19200 B FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 15% @ 0.8 dB 12% @ 0.2 dB 10% @ 0.7 dB 10% @ 1.3 dB 10% @ 2.1 dB 1.8% @ 1.4 dB 2.0% @ 0.8 dB 2.0% @ 1.3 dB 2.0% @ 1.9 dB 2.5% @ 2.7 dB 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-6 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix A Receiving Performance Table A-21 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-FCH or R-DCCH Receiver under RC4 Case Data rate (bit/s) FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 A B C D 14400 7200 3600 1800 14400 7200 3600 1800 14400 7200 3600 1800 14400 7200 3600 1800 2.2% @ 3.2 dB 1.9% @ 3.9 dB 1.9% @ 5.1 dB 1.8% @ 7.0 dB 2.0% @ 3.8 dB 2.0% @ 4.3 dB 1.8% @ 5.6 dB 1.8% @ 7.5 dB 1.6% @ 5.1 dB 1.7% @ 5.6 dB 1.5% @ 6.7 dB 1.6% @ 8.4 dB 2.0% @ 4.6 dB 2.0% @ 5.1 dB 1.9% @ 6.3 dB 1.8% @ 8.1 dB 0.4% @ 3.8 dB 0.4% @ 4.5 dB 0.5% @ 5.7 dB 0.5% @ 7.6 dB 0.4% @ 4.4 dB 0.5% @ 4.9 dB 0.5% @ 6.2 dB 0.5% @ 8.1 dB 0.6% @ 5.7 dB 0.7% @ 6.2 dB 0.6% @ 7.3 dB 0.7% @ 9 dB 0.5% @ 5.2 dB 0.5% @ 5.7 dB 0.5% @ 6.9 dB 0.6% @ 8.7 dB Table A-22 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-SCH(Turbo Code) Receiver under RC4 Case Data rate (bit/s) B 230400 115200 57600 28800 FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Upper limit Eb/N0 10% @ 2.4 dB 9.0% @ 2.5 dB 9.0% @ 2.6 dB 7.5% @ 2.8 dB 1.4% @ 3.0 dB 2.3% @ 3.1 dB 2.2% @ 3.2 dB 2.5% @ 3.4 dB Table A-23 Maximum FER of Demodulation Performance Test of R-SCH (Turbo Code) Receiver under RC4 Case B Data rate

(bit/s) 230400 115200 57600 28800 FER limits (%) Lower limit Eb/N0 Lower limit Eb/N0 10% @ 1.1 dB 10% @ 1.0 dB 11% @ 1.5 dB 10% @ 2.1 dB 2.0% @ 1.7 dB 1.5% @ 1.7 dB 1.8% @ 2.1 dB 2.0% @ 2.7 dB A.1.4 Receiving Performance I. Sensitivity The R-TCH FER shall be <1.0% with 95% confidence when -126dBm/1.23MHz CDMA RC3 signal level is input at BTS RF main and diversity input ports. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-7 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station II. Receiver Dynamic Range Appendix A Receiving Performance The R-TCH FER shall be 1.0% or less with 95% confidence when

-126dBm/1.23MHz~-65dBm/1.23MHz CDMA signal level is input at BTS RF main and diversity input ports. III. Single-tone Desensitization Input the single-tone interference deviated from the center frequency at the BTS RF input port: when the single-tone interference deviates from the center frequency about

!750kHz, the input single-tone interference power is 50dB higher than the output power of the mobile station simulator; when the single-tone interference deviates from the center frequency about !900kHz, the input single-tone interference power is 87dB higher than the output power of the mobile station simulator. When R-TCH FER maintains <1.5%, the output power of mobile station simulator changes less than 3dB whether there is single-tone interference or not. IV. Intermodulation Spurious Attenuation Input two single-tone interference of center frequency at the BTS RF input port: when single-tone interference deviates from the center frequency about !900kHz, the input single-tone interference power is 72dB higher than the output power of the mobile station simulator. When the single-tone interference deviates from the center frequency

!1700kHz, the input single-tone interference power is 72dB higher than the output power of the mobile station simulator. When R-TCH FER keeps <1.5%, the output power of the mobile station simulator changes less than 3dB whether there are two single-tone interference or no interference. V. Adjacent Channel Selectivity The output power of the mobile station simulator shall increase by no more than 3 dB and the FER shall be less than 1.5% with 95% confidence (see 6.8). A.1.5 Limitations on Emissions I. Conducted Spurious Emissions l At BTS RF input port, the conducted spurious transmission within the BTS receiving frequency range is <-80dBm/30kHz. l At BTS RF input port, the conducted spurious transmission within the transmitting l At BTS RF input port, the conducted spurious transmission within other frequency frequency range is <-60dBm/30kHz. range of 0~6GHz is <-47dBm/30kHz. II. Radiated Spurious Emissions In compliant with local radio specifications. A.1.6 Received Signal Quality Indicator (RSQI) RSQI is defined as the signal to noise ratio Eb/N0, where Eb is the energy per bit including the pilot and power control overhead and N0 is the total received noise-puls-interference power in the CDMA bandwidth including the interference from other subscribers. The RSQI report values are list in Table A-24. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-8 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table A-24 RSQI range Appendix A Receiving Performance Eb/N0 (dB) per input port Minimum Acceptable Report Value Maximum Acceptable Report Value 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 10 12 14 16 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 18 20 22 24 26 28 30 32 34 36 38 A.2 Performance of Transmitter A.2.1 Frequency Requirements I. Frequency Coverage BTS transmitter runs between the following frequency band: 869~894MHz. II. Frequency Tolerance Within the working temperature range, the average difference between the actual carrier frequency of CDMA transmit sector and the carrier frequency of the dedicated transmit sector is less than !5%10-8(!0.05ppm)of the designated frequency. A.2.2 Modulation Requirements I. Synchronization & timing Time tolerance for pilot frequency: The pilot time alignment error should be less than 3 s and shall be less than 10 s.. For base stations supporting multiple simultaneous CDMA Channels, the pilot time tolerance of all CDMA Channels radiated by a base station shall be within 1 s of each other. Time tolerance of pilot channel and other code-division channels: in the same CDMA channel, time error between the pilot channel and other forwarding code-division channels is <!50ns. The phase differences between the Pilot Channel and all other code channels sharing the same Forward CDMA Channel should not exceed 0.05 radians and shall not exceed 0.15 radians. II. Waveform quality The normalized cross correlation coefficient, r , shall be greater than 0.912 (excess power < 0.4 dB).. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-9 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station A.2.3 RF Output Power Requirement I. Total power Appendix A Receiving Performance Total power is the mean power delivered to a load with resistance equal to the nominal load impedance of the transmitter.. The total power of this system is +43dBm (20W), the deviation in all kinds of environmental conditions shall not exceed +2dB and -4dB. II. Pilot power The Pilot Channel power to total power ratio shall be within 0.5 dB of the configured value. III. Code domain power For RC1and RC2, the code domain power in each inactive Wn or more below the total output power. 64 channel shall be 27 dB For RC3 and RC4,the code domain power in each inactive Wn dB or more below the total output power. 128 channel shall be 30 For RC1 and RC2, the code domain power in each inactive Wn dB or more below the total output power of each carrier. 256 channel shall be 33 A.2.4 Limitations on Emissions I. Conducted Spurious Emissions The requirements on Conducted Spurious Emissions vary with frequency bands, as shown in Table A-25. Local radio requirements should also be observed. Table A-25 Conducted Spurious Emissions Performance (800MHz) Offset from carrier central frequency Spurious requirement 750 kHz~1.98 MHz 1.98 MHz~4.00 MHz

> 4.00 MHz

(ITU Class A Requirement)

> 4.00 MHz

(ITU Class B Requirement) 33 dBm

-45 dBc / 30 kHz

-60 dBc / 30 kHz; Pout

-27 dBm / 30 kHz; 28 dBm

-55 dBc / 30 kHz; Pout < 28 dBm

-13 dBm / 1 kHz;

-13 dBm / 10 kHz;

-13 dBm/100 kHz;

-13 dBm / 1 MHz;

-36 dBm / 1 kHz;

-36 dBm / 10 kHz;

-36 dBm/100 kHz;

-30 dBm / 1 MHz;

Pout < 33 dBm 9 kHz < f < 150 kHz 150 kHz < f < 30 MHz 30 MHz < f < 1 GHz 1 GHz < f < 5 GHz 9 kHz < f < 150 kHz 150 kHz < f < 30 MHz 30 MHz < f < 1 GHz 1 GHz < f < 12.5 GHz II. Radiated Spurious Emissions In compliant with local radio specifications. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 A-10 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance Appendix B EMC Performance ETSI EN 300 386 Electromagnetic Compatibility and Radio Spectrum Matters (ERM);

Telecommunication network Equipment. ElectroMagnetic Compatibility

(EMC) Requirements are the EMC standards of telecommunication equipment, which are globally applicable. EMC Performance of BTS comply with ETSI EN 300 386 V1.2.1

(2000- 03). They are described in two aspects: EMI (EelectroMagnetic Interference) and EMS (ElectroMagnetic Sensitivity). B.1 EMI Performance 1) Conductive emission (CE) at DC input/output port CE performance are listed in Table B-1. Table B-1 CE index at -48V port Frequency range 0.15 ~ 0.5MHz 0.5 ~ 5MHz 5 ~ 30MHz Threshold (dB V) Average Quasi-peak 56~46 46 50 66~56 56 60 2) Radiated emission (RE) RE performance are listed in Table B-2. Table B-2 RE Performance requirement Band (MHz) Threshold of quasi-peak (dB V/m) 30 ~ 1000 1000 ~ 12700 61.5 67.5

& Note:

Test place is arranged according to ITU-R 329-7 [1]. B.2 EMS Performance 1) R-F anti-electromagnetic interference (80 MHz~1000MHz) Values of RF anti-EMI test are listed in Table B-3. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 B-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Table B-3 Values of RF anti-EMI test Appendix B EMC Performance Test port Test level Performance class Whole cabinet 3V/m A

& Note:

Test method is the same as IEC1000-4-3 [9]. 2) Voltage drop anti-interference Among all test items of EMS, the requirement for resisting continuous interference test is class A and the requirement for resisting transient interference test is class B. Requirement for power drop and level interruption is shown in Table B-4. Table B-4 Requirement for power drop and level interruption Test port Test level Performance class Drop 30%

Last for 10ms Drop 60%

Last for 100ms Drop over95%

Last for 5000ms A When there is backup power, A When there is no backup power, the communication link need not be maintained. It can be re-created and the user data can be lost. When there is backup power, A When there is no backup power, the communication link need not be maintained. It can be re-created and the user data can be lost. AC port

& Note:

Test method is the same as IEC61000-4-11 [13]. 3) Electrostatic discharge (ESD) Requirement for ESD test level is shown in Table B-5. Table B-5 Requirement for ESD test level Discharge mode Test level Performance class 2kV, 4kV 2kV, 4kV, 8kV B B Contact Air

& Note:

1. Test method is the same as IEC 61000-4-2 [5]. 2. ESD should be performed to all exposed surface of equipment to be tested except those to be protected as required by the user's document. 4) RF conductive anti-interference 03Q-0110-20020720-120 B-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance In CDMA equipment, the port where a cable of more than 1 meter may be connected to, including control port, DC input/output port and the input/output port of the connection line when cabinets are combined, should satisfy the requirement for RF conductive anti-interference. Voltage level is shown in Table B-6. Table B-6 Voltage level Test port Voltage level Performance class 3V A DC line port AC line port Signal line port and control line port

& Note:

Test method is the same as IEC61000-4-6 [9]. 5) Surge For CDMA equipment, the DC power input port, indoor signal line of more than 3 m, control line (such as E1 trunk line, serial port line) and the cable that may be led out to the outdoor should all satisfy the requirement for surge interference level. The test level is shown in Table B-7. Table B-7 Test level Test port Test level Performance class B B B AC port Control line, signal line Control line, signal line (outdoors) Line~line, 2kV Line~ground, 4kV Line~line, 0.5kV Line~ground, 1kV Line~line, 1kV Line~ground, 2kV

& Note:

The test method is the same as IEC61000-4-5 [11]. 6) Common-mode fast transient pulse The signal & data line between CDMA cabinets and that connected with other systems

(such as E1 trunk line), control line and cable connected to DC input/output port, should be the requirement for fast transient pulse anti-interference level. The threshold value is shown in Table B-8. Table B-8 Threshold value Test port Test level Performance class Signal control line port DC line input/output port AC line input port 0.5kV 1kV 2kV B B B 03Q-0110-20020720-120 B-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix B EMC Performance

& Note:

Performance class A: it means that BTS can withstand the test without any damage and it can run normally in the specified range. There is not any change in the software or data (all data in the storage or the data being processed) related to the tested switching equipment. Equipment performance is not lowered. Performance class B: it means that BTS can withstand the test without any damage. There is no change in the software or the data in storage. Communication performance is lowered a little, but in the tolerance (as defined for different products). The existing communication link is not interrupted. After the test, the equipment can recover to the normal status before the test automatically without any interference of the operator. Performance class C: some functions of BTS are lost temporarily during the test, but they will recover to normal performance in a specific period after the test (normally the shortest time needed for system reboot). There is no physical damage or system software deterioration. Performance class R: after the test, there is no physical damage or fault (including software corruption) with BTS. Protection equipment damage caused by external interference signal is acceptable. When the protection equipment is replaced and the running parameters are re-configured, the equipment can operate normally. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 B-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix C Environment Performance Appendix C Environment Performance In compliance with ETSI, environmental conditions of products include requirements in three aspects: operation environment, transportation environment and storage environment. C.1 Ambient Temperature and Humidity 1) Operation environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-3 3K3/3Z2/3Z4/3B1/3C2/3S3/3M1 and ETS 300 019-2-3 T3.1. The normal running temperature should be in the range of -5? ~+50? , and that of humidity in the range of 5%~90% . the environmental level specified in 2) Storage environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-1 1K4/1Z2/1Z3/1B2/1C2/1S3/M2 and IEC 300 019-2-1 T1.2 "Weather Protection, No Temperature Control" level. Normal storage temperature should be in the range of -25? ~+55 ? , and that of humidity in the range of 10%~100%. 3) Transportation environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-2 2K4/2B2/2C2/2S2/2M2 and IEC 300 019-2-2 T2.3

"Public Transportation" level. Normal transportation temperature should be in the range of -40? ~+70? , and that of humidity in the range of 5%~100%. C.2 Cleanness 1) Operation environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-3 3K3/3Z2/3Z4/3B1/3C2/3S3/3M1 and ETS 300 019-2-3 T3.1 environment level:

Precipitable particle Floating particle Gravel 2) Storage environment m2h mg/m3 mg/m3 15 0.4 300 In compliance with IEC60721-3-1 1K4/1Z2/1Z3/1B2/1C2/1S3/M2 and IEC 300 019-2-1 T1.2 "Weather protection, no temperature level" level:

Precipitable particle Floating particle Gravel 3) Transportation environment m2h mg/m3 mg/m3 20 5 300 In compliance with IEC60721-3-2 2K4/2B2/2C2/2S2/2M2 ?

"Public Transportation" level. Precipitable particle Floating particle Gravel 3 No requirement 100 IEC 300 019-2-2 T2.3 m2h mg/m3 mg/m3 03Q-0110-20020720-120 C-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station C.3 Illumination 1) Operation environment Appendix C Environment Performance In compliance with IEC60721-3-3 3K3/3Z2/3Z4/3B1/3C2/3S3/3M1 and ETS 300 019-2-3 T3.1 environment level. In normal operation, solar radiation should not exceed 700W/m2, thermal radiation should not exceed 600W/m2, and illumination should satisfy the requirement for working visibility and comfort. 2) Storage environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-1 1K4/1Z2/1Z3/1B2/1C2/1S3/M2 and IEC 300 019-2-1 T1.2 "Weather Protection, No Temperature Control" level. In normal storage place, the solar radiation should not exceed 1120W/m2, thermal radiation should not exceed 600W/m2, and illumination should satisfy the requirement for working visibility and comfort. 3) Transportation environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-2 2K4/2B2/2C2/2S2/2M2 and IEC 300 019-2-2 T2.3

"Public Transportation" level. In normal transportation conditions, the solar radiation should not exceed 1120W/m2, thermal radiation should not exceed 600W/m2, and illumination should satisfy the requirement for working visibility and comfort. C.4 Atmospheric Condition 1) Operation environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-3 3K3/3Z2/3Z4/3B1/3C2/3S3/3M1 and ETS 300 019-2-3 T3.1 environment level:

Atmospheric pressure Wind speed SO2 H2S Cl2 HCl NOx NH3 HF O3 70~106 5 0.3~1.0 0.1 ~0.5 0.1 ~0.3 0.1 ~0.5 0.5 ~1.0 1.0 ~3.0 0.01 ~0.03 0.05 ~0.1 kPa m/s mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 2) Storage environment In compliance with IEC60721-3-1 1K4/1Z2/1Z3/1B2/1C2/1S3/M2 and IEC 300 019-2-1 T1.2 "Weather Protection, No Temperature Control" level:

Atmospheric press Wind speed SO2 H2S Cl2 HCl NOx NH3 HF O3 70~106 30 0.3~1.0 0.1 ~0.5 0.1 ~0.3 0.1 ~0.5 0.5 ~1.0 0.5 ~3.0 0.01 ~0.03 0.05 ~0.1 KPa m/s mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 03Q-0110-20020720-120 C-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station 3) Transportation environment Appendix C Environment Performance In compliance with IEC60721-3-2 2K4/2B2/2C2/2S2/2M2 and IEC 300 019-2-2 T2.3

"Public Transportation" level. Atmospheric pressure Wind speed SO2 H2S Cl2 HCl NOx NH3 HF O3 70~106 20 1 0.5 No requirement 0.5 1 3 0.03 0.1 kPa m/s mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 mg/m3 03Q-0110-20020720-120 C-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation D.1 Introduction Base Transceiver Station (BTS) emit RF radiation (Radiation Hazard). Although there is no scientific evidence of possible health risks to persons living near to base stations some recommendations are giving below for the installation and operation of base station transceivers. Operators of base station transceivers are required to obey the local regulation for erecting base station transceivers. The Federal Communications Commission (FCC), are imposing MPE ( maximum permissible exposure) limits. FCC CFR part 1, subpart I, section 1.1307 requires operator to perform a Enviromenta Assemessmet (EA). Equipment listed in the table 1 of before mentioned part are subjected to routine environmental evaulation. For facilities and operations licensed under part 22, licensees and manufactuere are required tto ensure that their facility and equipment comply with IEEE C95.1-1991. The objective of the Environmental Evaluation is to ensure that human exposure to RF energy does not go beyond the maximum permissible levels stated in the standard. Therefore certain sites do not require an evaluation by nature of its design. It could be that the antennas are placed high enough thereby resulting in extremely low RF fields by the time it reaches areas that would be accessible to people. Environmental evaluations are required, for Paging and Cellular Radiotelephone Services, Part 22 Subpart E and H;

l Non-rooftop antennas: height of radiation center < 10m above ground level and total power of all channels > 1000 W ERP (1640 W EIRP) l Rooftop antennas: total power of all channels > 1000 W ERP (1640 W EIRP) D.2 Maximum Permissible Exposure (MPE) Maximum permissible exposure (MPE) refers to the RF energy that is acceptable for human exposure, given the scientific research to date. It is broken down into two categories, Controlled and Uncontrolled. Controlled limits are used for persons such as installers and designers, that are in control of the hazard and exposed to energy for limited amounts of time per day. Occupational/controlled limits apply in situations in which are persons are exposed as a consequence of their employment provided those persons are fully aware of the potential for exposure and can exercise control over their exposure. Limits for occupational/controlled exposure also apply in situations when an individual is transient through a location where ccupational/controlled limits apply provided he or she is made aware of the potential for exposure. Uncontrolled limits are used for general public. General population/uncontrolled exposure apply in situations is which the general public may be exposed, or in which persons that are exposed as a consequence of their employment may not be fully aware of the potential for exposure or can not exercise control over their exposure. The exposure levels can be expressed in terms of power density, electric field strength, or magnetic field strength, as averaged over 30 minutes for the general public and 6 03Q-0110-20020720-120 D-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation minutes for trained personnel. The exposure criteria is frequency dependent, and a chart covering the range from 3 kHz to 100 GHz can be found in NCRP No.86

(references IEEE C95.1-1991). Below are the limits. Limits for Occupational/Controlled Exposure Frequency Range Electric Field Strength (E)

(V/m) Magnetic Field Strength (H)

(A/m) Power Density

(S) (mW/cm2)

(MHz) 0.3-3.0 3.0-30 30-300 300-1500 1500-100,000 614 1842/f 61.4

.63 4.89/f 0.163

(100)*

(900/f2)*

1.0 f/300 5 Limits for General Population/Uncontrolled Exposure Frequency Range Electric Field Strength (E)

(V/m) Magnetic Field Strength (H)

(A/m) Power Density

(S) (mW/cm2) 614 842/f 27.5

(MHz) 0.3-3.0 3.0-30 30-300 300-1500 1500-100,000 1.63 2.19/f 0.073

(100)*

(180/f2)*

0.2 f/1500 1.0 03Q-0110-20020720-120 D-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Power

MHz 300 density 880

300

S f S

[mW/cm2]

9.2 mW

cm 2 Power

MHz 1500

S f density S

880 1500

[mW/cm2]

2 mW cm

58.0 Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation for controlled area at 880 MHz for uncontrolled area at 880 MHz D.3 Calculation of the Safe Distance Calculations can be made on a site by site basis to ensure the power density is below the limits given above, or guidelines can be done beforehand to ensure the minimum distances from the antenna is maintained through the site planning. The calcualtions are based on FCC OET 65 Appendix B. D.4 Prediction of the Exposure to Electromagnetic Fields Below method describes a theoretical approach to calculate possible exposure to electromagnetic radiation around a base station transceiver antenna. Precise statements are basically only possible either with measurements or complex calculations considering the complexity of the environment (e.g. soil conditions, near buildings and other obstacles) which causes reflections, scattering of electromagnetic fields. The maximum output power (given in EIRP) of a base station is usually limited by license conditions of the network operator. A rough estimation of the expected exposure in power flux density on a given point can be made with the following equation. The calcualtions are based on FCC OET 65 Appendix B.

) GWP

2 mr 4 numeric p*

S

Whereas:

P = Maximum output power in W of the site G numeric = Numeric gain of the antenna relative to isotropic antenna R = distance between the antenna and the point of exposure in meters D.5 Calculation of the Safe Distance Calculations can be made on a site by site basis to ensure the power density is below the limits given above, or guidelines can be done beforehand to ensure the minimum distances from the antenna is maintained through the site planning. r

*64.1=

G d p4 S

Pt Whereas:

03Q-0110-20020720-120 D-3

Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station r = distance from the antenna [m]

dG = Antenna gain relative to half wave dipole Pt = Power at the antenna terminals [W]

S = power density [W/m2] see also MPE Limits Note: 1mW/cm2 = 10W/m2 D.6 Location of Base station antennas Base stations antennas, the source of the radiation, are usually mounted on freestanding towers, with a height up to 30 m or on a tower on the top of buildings or in less cases to the side of the building. Generally the height of the antenna position does not fall below 10 m. The power usually is focused into a horizontal main beam and slightly downward tilted. The remaining power goes into the weaker beams on both side of the main beam. The main beam however does not reach ground level until the distance from the antenna position is around 50 200 m. The highest level of emission would be expected in close vicinity of the antenna and in line of sight to the antenna. D.6.1 Exclusions Zones:

2) 1) Antenna location should be designed so that the public cannot access areas where the RF radiation exceeds the levels as described above. If there are areas accessible to workers that exceed the RF radiation exceeds the levels as described above make sure that workers know where these areas are, and that they can (and do) power-down (or shut down) the transmitters when entering these areas. Such areas may not exist; but if they do, they will be confined to areas within 10 m of the antennas. 3) Each Exclusion zone should be defined by a physical barrier and by a easy recognizable sign warning the public or workers that inside the exclusion zone the RF radiation might exceed national limits. D.6.2 Guidelines on arranging antenna sites:

1) For roof-mounted antennas, elevate the transmitting antennas above the height of people who may have to be on the roof. 2) For roof-mounted antennas, keep the transmitting antennas away from the areas where people are most likely to be (e.g., roof access points, telephone service points, HVAC equipment). 3) For roof-mounted directional antennas, place the antennas near the periphery and point them away from the building. 4) Consider the trade off between large aperture antennas (lower maximum RF) and small aperture antennas (lower visual impact). 5) Take special precautions to keep higher-power antennas away from accessible areas. local zoning requirements. 6) Keep antennas at a site as for apart as possible; although this may run contrary to 7) Take special precautions when designing "co-location" sites, where multiple antennas owned by different companies are on the same structure. This applies particularly to sites that include high-power broadcast (FM/TV) antennas. Local zoning often favors co-location, but co-location can provide "challenging" RF safety problems. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 D-4 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix D Electromagnetic Radiation 8) For roof-mounted antennas, elevate the transmitting antennas above the height of people who may have to be on the roof. 9) For roof-mounted antennas, keep the transmitting antennas away from the areas where people are most likely to be (e.g., roof access points, telephone service points, HVAC equipment). 10) Take special precautions for antenna sites near hospital and schools. 03Q-0110-20020720-120 D-5 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix E Standard Compliance Appendix E Standard Compliance E.1 Um Interface I. Physical layer TIA/EIA IS-2000-2-A: Physical Layer Standard for CDMA2000 1X Standards for Spread Spectrum Systems II. MAC layer TIA/EIA IS-2000-3-A: Medium Access Control (MAC) Standard for CDMA2000 1X Standards for Spread Spectrum Systems III. Service capability TSB2000: Capabilities Requirements Mapping for CDMA2000 1X Standards IV. System performance TIA/EIA-97-D: Recommended Minimum Performance Specification for cdma2000 Spread Spectrum Base Station E.2 Abis Interface I. Physical layer 1) E1 interface E1 Physical Interface Specification, September 1996 2) SDH STM-1 ANSI T1.101: Synchronization Interface Standard ITU-T G.707: (3/96) Network node interface for the synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) ITU-T G.703: (10/98) Physical/electrical characteristics of hierarchical digital interfaces ITU-T G.957: Optical interface for equipment and systems relating to the synchronous digital hierarchy ITU-T G.958: Digital line systems based on the synchronous digital hierarchy for use on optical fiber cables 3) ATM AF-PHY-0086.001: Inverse Multiplexing for ATM(IMA) Specification Version 1.1 ATM Forum af-phy-0064.000 ATM Forum af-phy-0130.000 ATM on Fractional E1/T1, October 1999 03Q-0110-20020720-120 E-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station II. ATM layer Appendix E Standard Compliance ANSI T1.627-1993: Telecommunications broadband ISDN-ATM Layer Functionality and specification III. ATM adaptation layer ITU-T recommendation I.366.2: B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer Type 2 Specification ITU-T I.363.5: B-ISDN ATM Adaptation Layer 5 Specification: Type 5 AAL IV. TCP/IP RFC791: Internet Protocol RFC793: Transport Control Protocol V. Abis interface high layer protocol 3GPP2 A.R0003: Abis interface technical report for CDMA2000 1X Spread Spectrum System VI. Self-defined standard CDMA2000 1X Abis Interface High Layer Protocol E.3 Lightning Protection l IEC 61312-1(1995) Protection Against Lightning Electromagnetic Impulse Part I:

l IEC 61643-1(1998) Surge Protective devices connected to low-voltage power General Principles distribution systems l ITU-T K.11 (1993) Principles of Protection Against Over-voltage and Over-current. l ITU-T K.27 Inside a

(1996) Bonding Configurations and Earthing Telecommunication Building l ETS 300 253(1995) Equipment Engineering; Earthing and bonding of telecommunication equipment in telecommunication centers E.4 Safety l IEC60950 Safety of information technology equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment l IEC60215 Safety requirement for radio transmitting equipment l CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 1-M94 Audio, Video and Similar Electronic Equipment l CAN/CSA-C22.2 No 950-95 Safety of Information Technology Equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment. l UL 1419 Standard for Professional Video and Audio Equipment l 73/23/EEC Low Voltage Directive l UL 1950 Safety of information technology equipment Including Electrical Business Equipment l IEC60529 Classification of degrees of protection provided by enclosure (IP Code). 03Q-0110-20020720-120 E-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix E Standard Compliance EMC l TS 25.113v3.1.0; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; Technical Specification Group Radio Access Networks; Base station EMC l ITU-R Rec. SM.329-7: "Spurious emissions"

l TS 25.141; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; TSG RAN WG4; UTRA (BS) FDD;

Base station conformance testing (FDD) l TS 25.142; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; TSG RAN WG4; Base station l TS 25.104; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; TSG RAN WG4; UTRA (BS) FDD;

l TS 25.105; 3rd Generation Partnership Project; TSG RAN WG4; UTRA (BS) TDD;

conformance testing (TDD) Radio transmission and reception Radio transmission and reception 03Q-0110-20020720-120 E-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix F Abbreviation Appendix F Abbreviation 3GPP2 A A1/A2/A5 A3/A7 A8/A9 A10/A11 AAA AAL2 AAL5 Abis AC A/D ADC ANSI ARQ ATM AUC B BPSK BAM BBFL BBFM BCIM BCKM BCPM BDCS BEOM BESP BFAN BFMM BFNB BHPA BICM BIFM BPLI BRCM BRDM BRFM BS BSC BSS BTBM BTEM BTRM BTS C CCITT CBKM CDMA CDU CEs CLI CLK CM CN CTC 3rd Generation Partnership Project 2 Availability Interface between BSC and MSC Interface between BSCs Interface between BSC and PCF Interface between PCF and PDSN Authorization, Authentication and Accounting ATM Adaptation Layer 2 ATM Adaptation Layer 5 Authentication Center Analog/Digit Analog Digit Converter American National Standards Institute Automatic Repeat Request Asynchronous Transfer Mode Authentication Binary Phase Shift Keying Back Administration Module BTS BTRM FAN Lamp Module BTS BTRM FAN Monitor BTS Control Interface Module BTS Control & Clock Module BTS Channel Process Module BTS Direct Current Switchbox BTS Electric-Optical Module BTS E1 Surge Protector BTS FAN Module BTS Fan Monitor Module BTS Fan Block Interface Board BTS High Power Amplifier Unit BTS Intermediate Frequency Control Module BTS Intermediate Frequency Module BTS Power & Lighting protection lamp Indicator board BTS Radio Up-Down Converter Module BTS Resource Distribution Module BTS RF Fan Module BTS BTS Controller BTS Subsystem BTS Transceiver Backplane Module BTS Test Module BTS Transceiver Module Base Transceiver Station International Telephone and Telegraph Consultative Committee CDMA Backplane Module Code Division Multiple Access Combining Duplexer Unit Channel Elements Command Line Interpreter Clock Connection Management Core Network Common Transmit Clock 03Q-0110-20020720-120 F-1 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix F Abbreviation D D/A DAC DC DAGC DCE E EMC EMI EIA EIB EIR F FA F-APICH F-ATDPICH F-BCH FCACH F-CCCH F-CPCCH F-DCCH FER F-FCH F-PCH F-PICH F-QPCH F-SCCH F-SCH F-SYNCH F-TCH F-TDPICH FTP G GLONASS GMSC GPS GRIL GUI H HA HDLC HLR HPAU HPSK I ICP IF IMA IP IPOA ISDN ITC ITU IWF Digit/Analog Digit Analog Converter Direct Current Digit Automatic Gain Control Data Communications Equipment Electro Magnetic Compatibility Electro Magnetic Interference Electronics Industry Association Erasure Indicator Bit Equipment Identity Register Foreign Agent Forward Assistant Pilot Channel Forward Transmit Diversity Assistant Pilot Channel Forward Broadcast Channel Forward Common Assignment Channel Forward Common Control Channel Forward Common Power Control Channel Forward Dedicated Control Channel Frame Error Rate Forward Fundamental Channel Forward Paging Channel Forward Pilot Channel Forward Quick Paging Channel Forward Supplemental Code Channel Forward Supplemental Channel Forward Sync Channel Forward Traffic Channel Forward Transmit Diversity Pilot Channel File Transfer Protocol Global Navigation Satellite System Gateway Mobile-services Switching Centre Global Position System GPS/GLONASS Receiver Interface Language Graphics User Interface Home Agent High level Data Link Control Home Location Register High Power Amplifier Unit Hybrid Phase Shift Keying IMA Control Protocol Intermediate Frequency Inverse Multiplexing for ATM Internet Protocol IP over ATM Integrated Services Digital Network Independent Transmit Clock International Telecommunications Union Interwork Function 03Q-0110-20020720-120 F-2 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix F Abbreviation J JTAG L LAC LMF LNA M MAC MC MCPA Mcps MM MMI Modem MPU MS MSC MT0 MT1 MTBF MTTR N Node B O OAM ODU OEM OMC OML OMU OCXO OQPSK OTD P PCF PDSN PGND PLMN PN PSPDN PSTN PSU PVC PVP PWM Q QIB QoS QPSK R R-ACH RC Joint Test Action Group Link Access Control Local Maintenance Function Low-Noise Amplifier Medium Access Control Message Center Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier Million chips per second Mobility Management Man Machine Interface Modulator-Demodulator Micro Process Unit Mobile Station Mobile Switching Center Mobile Terminal 0 Mobile Terminal 1 Mean Time Between Failures Mean Time To Repair Operation & Maintenance Out Door Unit Original Equipment Manufacturer Operation & Maintenance Center Operation & Maintenance Link Operation & Maintenance Unit Oven voltage Control Oscillator Offset Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Orthogonal Transmit Diversity Packet Control Function Packet Data Service Node Protection Ground Public Land Mobile Network Pseudo Number Packet Switched Public Data Network Public Switched Telephone Network Power Supply Unit Permanent Virtual Channel Permanent Virtual Path Pulse-Width Modulation Quality Identification Bit Quality of Service Quadrature Phase Shift Keying Reverse Access Channel Rate Configuration 03Q-0110-20020720-120 F-3 User Manual Airbridge cBTS3612-800 12-carrier CDMA Base Station Appendix F Abbreviation RC1 RC2 RC3 RC4 R-CCCH R-DCCH R-EACH RF R-FCH RLDU RLP RM RNC R-PICH R-SCCH R-SCH RSQI R-TCH S SDH SID SME SDU SPU SSSAR STM-1 STS T TA TA TAm TCP TDMA TE1 TE2 TIA TMSI TRX U Um UTC UART V VCI VLR VPI Rate Configuration 1 Rate Configuration 2 Rate Configuration 3 Rate Configuration 4 Reverse Common Control Channel Reverse Dedicated Control Channel Reverse Enhanced Access Channel Radio Frequency Reverse Fundamental Channel Receive LNA Distribution Unit Radio Link Protocol Radio Management Radio Network Controller Reverse Pilot Channel Reverse Supplemental Code Channel Reverse Supplemental Channel Receive Signal Quality Indicator Reverse Traffic Channel Synchronous Digital Hierarchy System Identification Signaling Message Encryption Selection/Distribution Unit Signaling Process Unit Special Service Segmentation and Reassemble Synchronization Transfer Module 1 Space Time Spreading Timing Advance Terminal Adapter Mobile Terminal Adapter Transport Control Protocol Time Division Multiple Access Terminal Equipment 1 Terminal Equipment 2 Telecommunications Industry Association Temp Mobile Subscriber Identifier Transceiver Universal Coordinated Time Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter Virtual Channel Identifier Visitor Location Register Virtual Path Identifier 03Q-0110-20020720-120 F-4