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4. When Windows 2000 begins installing the Network Adapters driver file, a screen similar to that shown in Figure 5-3 will appear, stating that a digital signature was not found. This software has been tested and found to work properly with Windows 2000. Click the Yes button to continue installation. Chapter 6: Driver Installation for Windows XP After connecting the Adapter to your PC, as shown in Chapter 5, youll need to install the driver. 1. Windows XP will automati-
cally detect the Adapter. Insert the Setup CD-ROM into the CD-ROM drive. Click the radio button next to Install the software auto-
matically (Recommended)
(as shown in Figure 6-1). Then click the Next button. 2. A screen similar to that shown in Figure 6-2 will appear, asking if you wish to discontinue installa-
tion. This software has been test-
ed and found to work properly with Windows XP. Click the Continue Anyway button to continue installation. 3. The next screen shows that the Wizard is complete. Click the Finish button. The drivers are now installed. Figure 6-1 Figure 6-2 Figure 5-3 If your PC is running Windows XP, proceed to Chapter 6: Driver Installation for Windows XP. If your PC is running Windows 2000, the installation of the Wireless-B USB Network Adapter is complete. If you want to check the link informa-
tion, search for available wireless networks, or make additional configu-
ration changes, proceed to Chapter 7: Using the WLAN Monitor. 10 Figure 6-3 11 Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Note for Windows XP users: Windows XP has a built-in configura-
tion tool. Use Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration (in the sys-
tem tray at the bottom of your screen) to configure the Adapter. 1. After installing the Adapter, the Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration icon will appear in your comput-
ers system tray (see Figure 6-4). Double-click the icon. Figure 6-4 Note: Steps 2 and 3 are the instructions and screenshots for Windows XP with Service Pack 1 installed. If you have not installed Service Pack 1, select the network you want, and click the Connect button. If the network has WEP encryption enabled, enter the WEP key in the Network key field, and then click the Connect button. 2. The screen that appears will show any available wireless network. Select the network you want. If this network has WEP encryption enabled, go to step 3. If this network does not have WEP encryption enabled, then Figure 6-5 will appear. Make sure the box next to Allow me to connect the selected wireless network, even though it is not secure is checked. Then click the Connect button, and go to step 4. to 3. If WEP is enabled, the screen in Figure 6-6 will appear. Enter the WEP key of your wireless network in the Network key field, and re-enter it in the Confirm network key field. Then click the Connect button, and go to step 4. Figure 6-6 Note: Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration does not support the use of a passphrase. Enter the exact WEP key used by your access point. 4. The screen in Figure 6-7 will appear if your connection is active. Figure 6-7 For more information about wireless networking on a Windows XP computer, click Start and then Help and Support. Enter the keyword wireless in the field provided, and press the Enter key. Congratulations! The installation of the Wireless-G USB Network Adapter is complete. 12 13 Figure 6-5 Chapter 7: Using the WLAN Monitor Link Information The Link Information screen, shown again in Figure 7-3, displays the signal strength and link quality information about the current connection and provides a button to click for additional status information. Overview Use the WLAN Monitor to check the link information, search for available wireless networks, or create profiles that hold different configuration settings. Accessing the WLAN Monitor After installing the Adapter, the Wireless-G USB Network Adapter WLAN Monitor icon will appear in your system tray. Double-click the icon (see Figure 7-1). The Link Information screen will appear. (See Figure 7-2.) From this screen, you can find out how strong the current wireless signal is and how good the connections quality is. You can also click the More Information button to view additional status information about the current wireless connection. To search for available wireless networks, click the Site Survey tab. To per-
form configuration changes, click the Profiles tab. Figure 7-1 Figure 7-3 Ad-Hoc Mode or Infrastructure Mode - The screen indicates whether the Adapter is currently working in ad-hoc or infrastructure mode. Signal Strength - The Signal Strength bar indicates the signal strength. Link Quality - The Link Quality bar indicates the quality of the wireless net-
work connection. Click the More Information button to view more information about the wire-
less network connection, shown on the following page and in Figure 7-4.. Click the X (Close) button in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor. Figure 7-2 14 15 Site Survey The Site Survey screen, shown in Figure 7-5, displays a list of infrastructure and ad-hoc networks available for connection. Figure 7-4 Wireless Network Status Status - The status of the wireless network connection. SSID - The unique name of the wireless network. Wireless Mode - The mode of the wireless network currently in use. Transfer Rate - The data transfer rate of the current connection. Channel - The channel to which the wireless network devices are set. WEP - The status of the WEP encryption security feature. MAC - The MAC address of the wireless networks access point. TCP/IP Setting IP Address - The IP Address of the Adapter. Subnet Mask - The Subnet Mask of the Adapter. Default Gateway - The Default Gateway address of the Adapter. DNS - The DNS address of the Adapter. DHCP - The status of the DHCP client. Signal Strength - The Signal Strength bar indicates the signal strength. Link Quality - The Link Quality bar indicates the quality of the wireless net-
work connection. Click the Back button to return to the initial Link Information screen. Click the X (Close) button in the upper right corner to exit the WLAN Monitor. 16 Figure 7-5 SSID - The SSID or unique name of the wireless network. Signal - The percentage of signal strength, from 0 to 100%. Site Information Wireless Mode - The mode of the wireless network currently in use. Channel - The channel to which the wireless network devices are set. WEP - The status of the WEP encryption security feature. MAC - The MAC address of the wireless networks access point. Surveyed at - The time at which the wireless network was scanned. Refresh - Click the Refresh button to perform a new search for wireless devices. Connect - To connect to one of the networks on the list, select the wireless net-
work, and click the Connect button. If the wireless network has WEP encryp-
tion enabled, you will see the screen shown in Figure 7-6. 17
1 | Users Manual Part 1 | Users Manual | 2.55 MiB |
Wireless-G USB Network Adapter Use this Guide to install: WUSB54G User Guide COPYRIGHT & TRADEMARKS Specifications are subject to change without notice. Linksys is a registered trademark or trademark of Cisco Systems, Inc. and/or its affiliates in the U.S. and certain other coun-
tries. Copyright 2003 Cisco Systems, Inc. All rights reserved. Other brands and prod-
uct names are trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective holders. LIMITED WARRANTY Linksys guarantees that every Wireless-G USB Network Adapter will be free from physi-
cal defects in material and workmanship for three years from the date of purchase, when used within the limits set forth in the Specifications section of this User Guide. If the prod-
uct proves defective during this warranty period, call Linksys Technical Support in order to obtain a Return Authorization number. BE SURE TO HAVE YOUR PROOF OF PUR-
CHASE ON HAND WHEN CALLING. When returning a product, mark the Return Authorization number clearly on the outside of the package and include a copy of your original proof of purchase. RETURN REQUESTS CANNOT BE PROCESSED WITHOUT PROOF OF PURCHASE. All customers located outside of the United States of America and Canada shall be held responsible for shipping and handling charges. IN NO EVENT SHALL LINKSYS'S LIABILITY EXCEED THE PRICE PAID FOR THE PROD-
UCT FROM DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAM-
AGES RESULTING FROM THE USE OF THE PRODUCT, ITS ACCOMPANYING SOFT-
WARE, OR ITS DOCUMENTATION. LINKSYS OFFERS NO REFUNDS FOR ITS PROD-
UCTS. Linksys makes no warranty or representation, expressed, implied, or statutory, with respect to its products or the contents or use of this documentation and all accom-
panying software, and specifically disclaims its quality, performance, merchantability, or fitness for any particular purpose. Linksys reserves the right to revise or update its prod-
ucts, software, or documentation without obligation to notify any individual or entity. Please direct all inquiries to:
Linksys P.O. Box 18558, Irvine, CA 92623. SAFETY AND REGULATORY NOTICES FCC STATEMENT The Wireless-G USB Network Adapter has been tested and found to comply with the specifications for a Class B digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio fre-
quency energy and, if not installed and used according to the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that inter-
ference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which is found by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna
Increase the separation between the equipment or devices
Connect the equipment to an outlet other than the receiver's
Consult a dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for assistance FCC Caution: Any change or modification to the product not expressly approved by Linksys could void the user's authority to operate the device. FCC RF Radiation Exposure Statement To comply with the FCC and ANSI C95.1 RF exposure limits, the antenna(s) for this device must comply with the following:
Access points with 2.4 GHz or 5 GHz integrated antenna must operate with a sepa-
ration distance of at least 20 cm from all persons using the cable provided and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. End-users must be provided with specific operations for satisfying RF exposure compli-
ance. Note: Dual antennas used for diversity operation are not considered co-located. Canadian Department of Communications Industry Canada (IC) Notice This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003 and RSS-210. Cet appareil numrique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB-003 et CNR-210 du Canada.
"To prevent radio interference to the licensed service, this device is intended to be oper-
ated indoors and away from windows to provide maximum shielding. Equipment (or its transmit antenna) that is installed outdoors is subject to licensing."
" Pour empcher que cet appareil cause du brouillage au service faisant l'objet d'une licence, il doit tre utilis l'intrieur et devrait tre plac loin des fentres afin de fournir un cran de blindage maximal. Si le matriel (ou son antenne d'mission) est install l'extrieur, il doit faire l'objet d'une licence. "
EC DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY (EUROPE) Linksys Group declares that the Instant Wireless Series products included in the Instant Wireless Series conform to the specifications listed below, following the provisions of the European R&TTE directive 1999/5/EC, EMC directive 89/336/EEC, and Low Voltage directive 73/23/EEC:
For 2.4 GHz devices with 100 mW radios, the following standards were applied:
ETS 300-826, 301 489-1 General EMC requirements for Radio equipment. EN 609 50 Safety ETS 300-328-2 Technical requirements for Radio equipment. Caution: This equipment is intended to be used in all EU and EFTA countries. Outdoor use may be restricted to certain frequencies and/or may require a license for operation. Contact local Authority for procedure to follow. Note: Combinations of power levels and antennas resulting in a radiated power level of above 100 mW equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) are considered as not com-
pliant with the above mentioned directive and are not allowed for use within the European community and countries that have adopted the European R&TTE directive 1999/5/EC and/or the CEPT recommendation Rec 70.03. For more details on legal combinations of power levels and antennas, contact Linksys Corporate Compliance.
Linksys Group vakuuttaa tten ett Wireless-G USB Network Adapter tyyppinen laite on direktiivin 1999/5/EY, direktiivin 89/336/EEC ja direktiivin 73/23/EEC oleellisten vaatimusten ja sit koskevien niden direktiivien muiden ehtojen mukainen. Linksys Group dclare que la Wireless-G USB Network Adapter est conforme aux conditions essentielles et aux dispositions relatives la directive 1999/5/EC, la direc-
tive 89/336/EEC, et la directive 73/23/EEC.
Belgique B L'utilisation en extrieur est autoris sur le canal 11 (2462 MHz), 12 (2467 MHz), et 13 (2472 MHz). Dans le cas d'une utilisation prive, l'extrieur d'un bti-
ment, au-dessus d'un espace public, aucun enregistrement n'est ncessaire pour une distance de moins de 300m. Pour une distance suprieure 300m un enreg-
istrement auprs de l'IBPT est requise. Pour une utilisation publique l'extrieur de btiments, une licence de l'IBPT est requise. Pour les enregistrements et licences, veuillez contacter l'IBPT. France F:
2.4 GHz Bande : les canaux 10, 11, 12, 13 (2457, 2462, 2467, et 2472 MHz respec-
tivement) sont compltement libres d'utilisation en France (en utilisation intrieur). Pour ce qui est des autres canaux, ils peuvent tre soumis autorisation selon le dpartment. L'utilisation en extrieur est soumis autorisation pralable et trs restreint.
2.4 GHz Band: only channels 10, 11, 12, 13 (2457, 2462, 2467, and 2472 MHz respectively) may be used freely in France for indoor use. License required for out-
door installations.
Deutschland D: Anmeldung im Outdoor-Bereich notwending, aber nicht genehmi-
gungspflichtig. Bitte mit Hndler die Vorgehensweise abstimmen.
Germany D: License required for outdoor installations. Check with reseller for proce-
dure to follow. Italia I: E' necessaria la concessione ministeriale anche per l'uso interno. Verificare con i rivenditori la procedura da seguire. L'uso per installazione in esterni non e' per-
messa. Italy I: License required for indoor use. Use with outdoor installations not allowed. The Netherlands NL License required for outdoor installations. Check with reseller for procedure to follow.
Nederlands NL Licentie verplicht voor gebruik met buitenantennes. Neem contact op met verkoper voor juiste procedure. WUSB54G-UG-3015A KL Table of Contents Chapter 1: Introduction The Wireless-G USB Network Adapter Features Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network Network Topology Ad-Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G USB Network Adapter The Adapters Ports The Adapters LEDs Chapter 4: Software Installation and Configuration for Windows 2000 Chapter 5: Hardware Installation Connecting the Adapter Chapter 6: Driver Installation for Windows XP Windows XP Wireless Zero Configuration Chapter 7: Using the WLAN Monitor Overview Accessing the WLAN Monitor Link Information Site Survey Profiles Creating a New Profile 1 1 1 2 2 2 4 4 4 5 9 9 11 12 14 14 14 15 17 18 20 Appendix A: Troubleshooting Common Problems and Solutions Frequently Asked Questions Appendix B: Glossary Appendix C: Specifications Environmental Appendix D: Warranty Information Appendix E: Contact Information 26 26 27 30 38 39 40 41 Chapter 1: Introduction The Wireless-G USB Network Adapter Connect your USB-equipped desktop or notebook computer to a wireless net-
work at incredible speeds with the Linksys Wireless-G USB Network Adapter. By incorporating two new, blazing fast technologies -- USB 2.0 and Wireless-
G -- the Adapter delivers data rates up to 54Mbps (5 times as fast as 802.11b), without the trouble of opening up the case of your desktop computer. To install, simply plug the Adapter into any available USB port. (It's compati-
ble with both USB 1.1 and 2.0 ports, but 2.0 will yield the fastest speeds.) It gets its power through the USB connection, so no power cord is necessary. The included Setup Wizard walks you through configuring the Adapter to your wireless network settings, step by step. The Wireless-G USB Network Adapter is also compatible with the Wireless-B (802.11b) network standard, with data rates up to 11Mbps. And your wireless communications can be protected by 128-bit encryption, so your data stays secure. The Wireless-G USB Network Adapter's high-gain antenna lets you put your computer almost anywhere in the building, without the cost and hassle of run-
ning cables. Now you don't have to drill holes in your walls and climb through the attic or cellar to get connected to the network. Once you're connected, you can keep in touch with your e-mail, access the Internet, use instant messaging to chat with friends, and share files and other resources such as printers and hard disk storage space with other computers on the network. So don't hassle with running cables through your house -- get connected the easy way with the Wireless-G USB Network Adapter. Features
Compatible with 802.11g and 802.11b (2.4GHz) Stardards
Support USB 2.0 with up to 54Mbps, High-Speed Data Transfer Rate with Automatic Fallback
Plug-and-Play Operation Provides Easy Setup
Supports up to 128-bit WEP Encryption Security
Compatible with Microsoft Windows 2000 and XP 1 If the wireless network is relatively small and needs to share resources only with the other computers on the wireless network, then the ad-hoc mode can be used. (See Figure 2-2.) Ad-hoc mode allows computers equipped with wire-
less transmitters and receivers to communicate directly with each other, elimi-
nating the need for an access point. The drawback of this mode is that, in Ad-
Hoc mode, wireless-equipped computers are not able to communicate with computers on a wired network. And, of course, communication between the wireless-equipped computers is limited by the distance and interference direct-
ly between them. Figure 2-2 Chapter 2: Planning Your Wireless Network Network Topology A wireless local area network (WLAN) is exactly like a regular local area net-
work (LAN), except that each computer in the WLAN uses a wireless device to connect to the network. Computers in a WLAN share the same frequency channel and SSID, which is an identification name for wireless devices. Ad-Hoc versus Infrastructure Mode Unlike wired networks, wireless networks have two different modes in which they may be set up: infrastructure and ad-hoc. An infrastructure configura-
tion is a WLAN and wired LAN communicating to each other through an access point. An ad-hoc configuration is wireless-equipped computers com-
municating directly with each other. Choosing between these two modes depends on whether or not the wireless network needs to share data or periph-
erals with a wired network or not. If the computers on the wireless network need to be accessed by a wired network or need to share a peripheral, such as a print-
er, with the wired network computers, the wireless network should be set up in infrastructure mode.
(See Figure 2-1.) The basis of infrastructure mode centers around an access point, which serves as the main point of communications in a wireless network. Access points transmit data to PCs equipped with wireless network cards, which can roam within a certain radial range of the access point. Multiple access points can be arranged to work in succession to extend the roaming range, and can be set up to communicate with your Ethernet (wired) hardware as well. Figure 2-1 2 3 Chapter 3: Getting to Know the Wireless-G USB Network Adapter The USB Port The Network Adapter is connected to your PC through its USB port. All power is provided through the USB connection, making a power adapter unnecessary. The Adapters LEDs The Network Adapters LEDs show you how the Adapter is functioning. Power Link Green. This LED will light up to let you know that the Adapter is adequately powered over the USB connection. Green. The Link LED will be lit steadily when the Network Adapter is connected to your wireless network. The LED will blink when there is wireless network traffic. Chapter 4: Software Installation and Configuration for Windows 2000 The Wireless-G USB Network Adapter Setup Wizard will guide you through the installation procedure. The Setup Wizard will install the WLAN Monitor and driver, as well as configure the Adapter. Important: You must run the Setup Wizard to install the software before connecting the Adapter. 1. Insert the Setup Wizard CD-ROM into your CD-ROM drive. The Setup Wizard should run automatically, and Figure 4-1 should appear. If it does not, click the Start button and choose Run. In the field that appears, enter D:\setup.exe (if D is the letter of your CD-ROM drive). 4 5 Figure 4-1 To install the Adapter, click the Install button on the Welcome screen. Click User Guide to view this User Guide or click Exit to exit the Setup Wizard. 2. Read the License Agreement and click the Next button to continue the 4. If installation. you click the Cancel button, you will end the installation. Figure 4-2 3. The following screen, shown in Figure 4-3, will ask for some information about your wireless network. In the SSID field, enter your networks SSID
(Service Set Identifier). The SSID is your network name and must be iden-
tical for all devices in the network. The default setting is linksys (all low-
ercase). Next, choose a wireless mode. Click the Infrastructure Mode radio button if you want your wireless computers to network with computers on your wired network using a wireless access point. Click the Ad-Hoc Mode radio button if you want multiple wireless com-
puters to net-
work directly with each other. Click the Next button to contin-
ue, or click the Back button to return the previous page. to 6 Figure 4-3 you If chose I n f r a s t r u c t u r e Mode, go to Step 5 now. If you chose Ad-Hoc Mode, select the correct operating channel for your network from the drop-
Channel down menu. Then, select the Network Mode the drop-
from menu. down the Next Click button, and go to Step 5. Click the Back button to change any settings. Figure 4-4 Channel - The channel you choose should match the channel set on the other devices in your wireless network. If you are unsure about which chan-
nel to use, select the default channel (Channel 6). Network Mode - Keep the default setting, Mixed, if you have Wireless-G and Wireless-B devices in your network. Select G-Only if you have only Wireless-G devices in your network. to 5. The Setup Wizard will ask you to review your set-
it tings before copy starts the files. Click Next button to save these set-
tings, or click the Back button to change any set-
tings. Figure 4-5 7 6. At this point, you may see a warn-
ing screen, such as that shown in Figure 4-6 , asking if youd like to cease installation. You can click the Yes button to continue; the Adapter will function properly. Chapter 5: Hardware Installation Important for Windows 2000 users: You must run the Setup Wizard to install the software before installing the hardware. Important for Windows XP users: You must install the Adapters hardware before installing the software. Connecting the Adapter 7. After the files have been successfully copied, the screen in Figure 4-7 will appear. Click the Exit button. Figure 4-6 1. The Adapter comes with the USB cable you will use to connect the Adapter to your PC. (See Figure 5-1.) Wireless-G USB Network Adapter Figure 5-1 Figure 4-7 2. Connect one end of the USB cable to the USB port of the Adapter. Proceed to Chapter 5: Hardware Installation. 3. Connect the other end of the USB cable to one of the USB ports on your computer (see Figure 5-2). 8 Figure 5-2 9
1 | Users Manual Part 3 | Users Manual | 456.60 KiB |
Appendix A: Troubleshooting Common Problems and Solutions This chapter provides solutions to problems that may occur during the installa-
tion and operation of the Wireless-G USB Network Adapter. Read the descrip-
tions below to solve your problems. If you cant find an answer here, check the Linksys website at www.linksys.com. 1. My computer does not recognize the USB Network Adapter.
Make sure that the USB Network Adapter is properly inserted into the USB port.
Also, make sure that the USB Controller is enabled in the BIOS. Check with your motherboard User Guide for more information. 2. The USB Network Adapter does not work properly.
Reinsert the USB Network Adapter into the notebook or desktops USB port.
Right-click on My Computer, and select Properties. Select the Adapter, then chose the Device Manager tab, and click on the Network Adapter. You will find the USB Network Adapter if it is installed successfully. If you see a yellow exclamation mark, the resources may be conflicting and you must follow the steps below:
Uninstall the driver software from your PC. Restart your PC and repeat the hardware and software installation as specified in this User Guide. 3. I cannot communicate with the other computers linked via Ethernet in the Infrastructure configuration.
Make sure that the notebook or desktop is powered on.
Make sure that your USB Network Adapter is configured on the same chan-
nel, SSID, and WEP as the other computers in the Infrastructure configura-
tion. Frequently Asked Questions Can I run an application from a remote computer over the wireless network?
This will depend on whether or not the application is designed to be used over a network. Consult the applications user guide to determine if it supports operation over a network. Can I play computer games with other members of the wireless network?
Yes, as long as the game supports multiple players over a LAN (local area net-
work). Refer to the games user guide for more information. What is the IEEE 802.11b standard?
It is one of the IEEE standards for wireless networks. The 802.11b standard allows wireless networking hardware from different manufacturers to communicate, pro-
vided that the hardware complies with the 802.11b standard. The 802.11b standard states a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps and an operating frequency of 2.4GHz. What IEEE 802.11b features are supported?
The product supports the following IEEE 802.11b functions:
CSMA/CA plus Acknowledge protocol
Multi-Channel Roaming
Automatic Rate Selection
RTS/CTS feature
Fragmentation
Power Management What is ad-hoc mode?
When a wireless network is set to ad-hoc mode, the wireless-equipped computers are configured to communicate directly with each other. The ad-hoc wireless net-
work will not communicate with any wired network. What is infrastructure mode?
When a wireless network is set to infrastructure mode, the wireless network is configured to communicate with a wired network through a wireless access point. What is roaming?
Roaming is the ability of a portable computer user to communicate continuously while moving freely throughout an area greater than that covered by a single access point. Before using the roaming function, the workstation must make sure that it is the same channel number with the access point of dedicated coverage area. 26 27 Direct-Sequence Spread-Spectrum (DSSS) generates a redundant bit pattern for each bit to be transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). The longer the chip, the greater the probability that the original data can be recovered. Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during trans-
mission, statistical techniques embedded in the radio can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most nar-
rowband receivers. Would the information be intercepted while transmitting on air?
WLAN features two-fold protection in security. On the hardware side, as with Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum technology, it has the inherent security fea-
ture of scrambling. On the software side, WLAN offers the encryption function
(WEP) to enhance security and access control. What is WEP?
WEP is Wired Equivalent Privacy, a data privacy mechanism based on a 64-bit or 128-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. To achieve true seamless connectivity, the wireless LAN must incorporate a number of different functions. Each node and access point, for example, must always acknowledge receipt of each message. Each node must maintain contact with the wireless network even when not actually transmitting data. Achieving these functions simultaneously requires a dynamic RF networking technology that links access points and nodes. In such a system, the users end node under-
takes a search for the best possible access to the system. First, it evaluates such factors as signal strength and quality, as well as the message load currently being carried by each access point and the distance of each access point to the wired backbone. Based on that information, the node next selects the right access point and registers its address. Communications between end node and host computer can then be transmitted up and down the backbone. As the user moves on, the end nodes RF transmitter regularly checks the sys-
tem to determine whether it is in touch with the original access point or whether it should seek a new one. When a node no longer receives acknowledgment from its original access point, it undertakes a new search. Upon finding a new access point, it then re-registers, and the communication process continues. What is ISM band?
The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made available worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place convenient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. What is Spread Spectrum?
Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequency technique devel-
oped by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-critical communica-
tions systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is consumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade-off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum
(DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS). What is DSSS? What is FHSS? And what are their differences?
Frequency-Hopping Spread-Spectrum (FHSS) uses a narrowband carrier that changes frequency in a pattern that is known to both transmitter and receiver. Properly synchronized, the net effect is to maintain a single logical channel. To an unintended receiver, FHSS appears to be short-duration impulse noise. 28 29 Appendix B: Glossary 802.11b - One of the IEEE standards for wireless networking hardware. Products that adhere to a specific IEEE standard will work with each other, even if they are manufactured by different companies. The 802.11b standard specifies a maximum data transfer rate of 11Mbps, an operating frequency of 2.4GHz, and WEP encryption for security. 802.11b networks are also referred to as Wi-Fi networks. 802.11g - A proposed, but as yet unratified extension of the IEEE 802.11 stan-
dard for wireless networking hardware. The draft 802.11g specifications used by Linksys specify a maximum data transfer rate of 54Mbps using OFDM modulation, an operating frequency of 2.4GHz, backward compatibility with IEEE 802.11b devices, and WEP encryption for security. Adapter - Printed circuit board that plugs into a PC to add to capabilities or connectivity to a PC. In a networked environment, a network interface card is the typical adapter that allows the PC or server to connect to the intranet and/or Internet. Ad-hoc Network - An ad-hoc network is a group of computers, each with a wireless adapter, connected as an independent 802.11 wireless LAN. Ad-hoc wireless computers operate on a peer-to-peer basis, communicating directly with each other without the use of an access point. Ad-hoc mode is also referred to as an Independent Basic Service Set or as peer-to-peer mode. Automatic Fall-back - A feature provided by some wireless products to increase connection reliability. Automatic fall-back enables a device to dynam-
ically shift between various data transfer rates. It works by decreasing the data transfer rate when interference increases, distance increases, and other factors undermine signal strength and quality. Backbone - The part of a network that connects most of the systems and net-
works together and handles the most data. Bandwidth - The transmission capacity of a given facility, in terms of how much data the facility can transmit in a fixed amount of time; expressed in bits per second (bps). Bit - A binary digit. The value - 0 or 1-used in the binary numbering system. Also, the smallest form of data. CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Avoidance) - In local area networking, this is the CSMA technique that combines slotted time-divi-
sion multiplexing with carrier sense multiple access/collision detection
(CSMA/CD) to avoid having collisions occur a second time. This works best if the time allocated is short compared to packet length and if the number of sit-
uations is small. CSMA/CD (Carrier Sense Multiple Access/Collision Detection) - The LAN access method used in Ethernet. When a device wants to gain access to the net-
work, it checks to see if the network is quiet (senses the carrier). If it is not, it waits a random amount of time before retrying. If the network is quiet and two devices access the line at exactly the same time, their signals collide. When the collision is detected, they both back off and each wait a random amount of time before retrying. CTS (Clear To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the receiving station to the transmitting station that indicates it is ready to accept data. Default Gateway - The routing device used to forward all traffic that is not addressed to a station within the local subnet. DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) - A protocol that lets network administrators manage centrally and automate the assignment of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in an organization's network. Using the Internet's set of protocol (TCP/IP), each machine that can connect to the Internet needs a unique IP address. When an organization sets up its computer users with a con-
nection to the Internet, an IP address must be assigned to each machine. Without DHCP, the IP address must be entered manually at each computer and, if computers move to another location in another part of the network, a new IP address must be entered. DHCP lets a network administrator supervise and dis-
tribute IP addresses from a central point and automatically sends a new IP address when a computer is plugged into a different place in the network. DHCP uses the concept of a "lease" or amount of time that a given IP address will be valid for a computer. The lease time can vary depending on how long a user is likely to require the Internet connection at a particular location. It's espe-
cially useful in education and other environments where users change fre-
quently. Using very short leases, DHCP can dynamically reconfigure networks in which there are more computers than there are available IP addresses. 30 31 DHCP supports static addresses for computers containing Web servers that need a permanent IP address. Fragmentation - Breaking a packet into smaller units when transmitting over a network medium that cannot support the original size of the packet. DNS - The domain name system (DNS) is the way that Internet domain name are located and translated into Internet Protocol (IP) addresses. A domain name is a meaningful and easy-to-remember "handle" for an Internet address. Domain - A subnetwork comprised of a group of clients and servers under the control of one security database. Dividing LANs into domains improves per-
formance and security. Driver - A workstation or server software module that provides an interface between a network interface card and the upper-layer protocol software running in the computer; it is designed for a specific device, and is installed during the initial installation of a network-compatible client or server operating system. DSSS (Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum) - DSSS generates a redundant bit pattern for all data transmitted. This bit pattern is called a chip (or chipping code). Even if one or more bits in the chip are damaged during transmission, statistical techniques embedded in the receiver can recover the original data without the need for retransmission. To an unintended receiver, DSSS appears as low power wideband noise and is rejected (ignored) by most narrowband receivers. However, to an intended receiver (i.e. another wireless LAN end-
point), the DSSS signal is recognized as the only valid signal, and interference is inherently rejected (ignored). Encryption - A security method that applies a specific algorithm to data in order to alter the data's appearance and prevent other devices from reading the information. Ethernet - IEEE standard network protocol that specifies how data is placed on and retrieved from a common transmission medium. Has a transfer rate of 10 Mbps. Forms the underlying transport vehicle used by several upper-level protocols, including TCP/IP and XNS. FHSS (Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum) - FHSS continuously changes
(hops) the carrier frequency of a conventional carrier several times per second according to a pseudo-random set of channels. Because a fixed frequency is not used, and only the transmitter and receiver know the hop patterns, interception of FHSS is extremely difficult. Gateway - A device that interconnects networks with different, incompatible communications protocols. Hardware - Hardware is the physical aspect of computers, telecommunica-
tions, and other information technology devices. The term arose as a way to dis-
tinguish the "box" and the electronic circuitry and components of a computer from the program you put in it to make it do things. The program came to be known as the software. Hop - The link between two network nodes. IEEE (The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers) - The IEEE describes itself as "the world's largest technical professional society, promoting the development and application of electrotechnology and allied sciences for the benefit of humanity, the advancement of the profession, and the well-being of our members."
The IEEE fosters the development of standards that often become national and international standards. The organization publishes a number of journals, has many local chapters, and several large societies in special areas, such as the IEEE Computer Society. Infrastructure Network - An infrastructure network is a group of computers or other devices, each with a wireless adapter, connected as an 802.11 wireless LAN. In infrastructure mode, the wireless devices communicate with each other and to a wired network by first going through an access point. An infra-
structure wireless network connected to a wired network is referred to as a Basic Service Set. A set of two or more BSS in a single network is referred to as an Extended Service Set. Infrastructure mode is useful at a corporation scale, or when it is necessary to connect the wired and wireless networks. IP (Internet Protocol) - The method or protocol by which data is sent from one computer to another on the Internet. It is a standard set of rules, procedures, or conventions relating to the format and timing of data transmission between two computers that they must accept and use to be able to understand each other. IP Address - In the most widely installed level of the Internet Protocol (IP) today, an IP address is a 32-binary digit number that identifies each sender or receiver of information that is sent in packet across the Internet. When you 32 33 request an HTML page or send e-mail, the Internet Protocol part of TCP/IP includes your IP address in the message (actually, in each of the packets if more than one is required) and sends it to the IP address that is obtained by looking up the domain name in the Uniform Resource Locator you requested or in the e-mail address you're sending a note to. At the other end, the recipient can see the IP address of the Web page requestor or the e-mail sender and can respond by sending another message using the IP address it received. ISM band - The FCC and their counterparts outside of the U.S. have set aside bandwidth for unlicensed use in the ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band. Spectrum in the vicinity of 2.4 GHz, in particular, is being made avail-
able worldwide. This presents a truly revolutionary opportunity to place con-
venient high-speed wireless capabilities in the hands of users around the globe. LAN (Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associated devices that share a common communications line and typically share the resources of a single processor or server within a small geographic area (for example, within an office building). MAC (Media Access Control) Address - A unique number assigned by the manufacturer to any Ethernet networking device, such as a network adapter, that allows the network to identify it at the hardware level. Mbps (Megabits per second) - One million bits per second; unit of measure-
ment for data transmission. Motherboard - A motherboard is the physical arrangement in a computer that contains the computer's basic circuitry and components. Network - A system that transmits any combination of voice, video and/or data between users. Node - A network junction or connection point, typically a computer or work station. Notebook (PC) - A notebook computer is a battery-powered personal comput-
er generally smaller than a briefcase that can easily be transported and conve-
niently used in temporary spaces such as on airplanes, in libraries, temporary offices, and at meetings. A notebook computer, sometimes called a laptop com-
puter, typically weighs less than five pounds and is three inches or less in thick-
ness. OFDM - Developed for wireless applications, Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) technology offers superior performance--increased data rates and more reliable transmissions--than previous technologies, such as DSSS. OFDM is a scheme in which numerous signals of different frequencies are combined to form a single signal for transmission on the medium. OFDM works by breaking one high-speed data stream into a number of lower-
speed data streams, which are then transmitted in parallel. Each lower speed stream is used to modulate a subcarrier. Essentially, this creates a multi-carrier transmission by dividing a wide frequency band or channel into a number of narrower frequency bands or sub-channels. OFDM is also used for other appli-
cations, including powerline networking. Packet - A unit of data routed between an origin and a destination in a network. Packet Filtering - Discarding unwanted network traffic based on its originating address or range of addresses or its type (e-mail, file transfer, etc.). Passphrase - Used much like a password, a passphrase simplifies the WEP encryption process by automatically generating the WEP encryption keys for Linksys products. Plug-and-Play - The ability of a computer system to configure expansion boards and other devices automatically without requiring the user to turn off the system during installation. Port - A pathway into and out of the computer or a network device. For exam-
ple, the serial and parallel ports on a personal computer are external sockets for plugging in communications lines, modems and printers. Roaming - In an infrastructure mode wireless network, this refers to the abili-
ty to move out of one access point's range and into another and transparently reassociate and reauthenticate to the new access point. This reassociation and reauthentication should occur without user intervention and ideally without interruption to network connectivity. A typical scenario would be a location with multiple access points, where users can physically relocate from one area to another and easily maintain connectivity. RTS (Request To Send) - An RS-232 signal sent from the transmitting station to the receiving station requesting permission to transmit. 34 35 Server - Any computer whose function in a network is to provide user access to files, printing, communications, and other services. Software - Instructions for the computer. A series of instructions that performs a particular task is called a "program." The two major categories of software are
"system software" and "application software." System software is made up of control programs such as the operating system and database management sys-
tem (DBMS). Application software is any program that processes data for the user. A common misconception is that software is data. It is not. Software tells the hardware how to process the data. Spread Spectrum - Spread Spectrum technology is a wideband radio frequen-
cy technique developed by the military for use in reliable, secure, mission-crit-
ical communications systems. It is designed to trade off bandwidth efficiency for reliability, integrity, and security. In other words, more bandwidth is con-
sumed than in the case of narrowband transmission, but the trade off produces a signal that is, in effect, louder and thus easier to detect, provided that the receiver knows the parameters of the spread-spectrum signal being broadcast. If a receiver is not tuned to the right frequency, a spread-spectrum signal looks like background noise. There are two main alternatives, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) and Frequency Hopping Spread Spectrum (FHSS). SSID (Service Set IDentifier) - A unique name shared among all points in a wireless network. The SSID must be identical for each point in the wireless net-
work and is case-sensitive. Storage - The semi-permanent or permanent holding place for digital data. Subnet Mask - The method used for splitting IP networks into a series of sub-
groups, or subnets. The mask is a binary pattern that is matched up with the IP address to turn part of the host ID address field into a field for subnets. Switch - 1. A data switch connects computing devices to host computers, allowing a large number of devices to share a limited number of ports. 2. A device for making, breaking, or changing the connections in an electrical cir-
cuit. TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) - A method (protocol) used along with the IP (Internet Protocol) to send data in the form of message units (datagram) between network devices. While IP takes care of handling the actual delivery of the data (routing), TCP takes care of keeping track of the individual units of data (called packets) that a message is divided into for efficient delivery over the network. TCP is known as a "connection oriented" protocol due to requir-
ing the receiver of a packet to return an acknowledgment of receipt to the sender of the packet resulting in transmission control. TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) - The basic com-
munication language or set of protocols for communications over a network
(developed specifically for the Internet). TCP/IP defines a suite or group of protocols and not only TCP and IP. Topology - A network's topology is a logical characterization of how the devices on the network are connected and the distances between them. The most common network devices include hubs, switches, routers, and gateways. Most large networks contain several levels of interconnection, the most impor-
tant of which include edge connections, backbone connections, and wide-area connections. USB (Universal Serial Bus) - A "plug-and-play" interface between a comput-
er and peripherals, such as digital cameras, scanners, game controllers, speak-
ers, keyboards, portable data storage, or printers. With USB, you can add a new peripheral to your computer without having to add an adapter card or powering down the computer. USB also supports hot-swapping, the addition or removal of devices while the computer is running. USB 1.1-compliant devices support data rates of 1.5Mbps (low-speed) and up to 12Mbps (full-speed). USB 2.0-compliant devices are backward compatible with earlier USB devices, and they support data rates of 1.5Mbps (low-speed), 12Mbps (full-speed), and up to 480Mbps (high-speed). WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) - A data privacy mechanism based on a 64-
bit or 128-bit shared key algorithm, as described in the IEEE 802.11 standard. WLAN (Wireless Local Area Network) - A group of computers and associat-
ed devices that communicate with each other wirelessly. 36 37 Appendix C: Specifications Standards Ports Channels IEEE 802.11b, IEEE 802.11g, USB 1.1, USB 2.0 USB Port 802.11b/ 802.11g 11 Channels (US, Canada) 13 Channels (Europe) 14 Channels (Japan) LEDs Power, Link Transmitted Power 16dBm (Typical)@11M CCK, 14dBm (Typical)@54M OFDM Receive Sensitivity
-65dBm@54Mbps Antenna 2dBi Security Features WEP Encryption WEP key bits 64, 128-bit Warranty 3 Year Environmental Dimensions 3.58" x 2.8" x 0.91"
(91 mm x 71 mm x 23 mm) Unit Weight
.18 lbs. (.08 kg) Certifications FCC Operating Temp. 32F to 104F (0C to 40C) Storage Temp. 0F to 70F (-40C to 185C) Operating Humidity 10% to 85%, Non-Condensing Storage Humidity 5% to 90%, Non-Condensing 38 39
frequency | equipment class | purpose | ||
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 2004-03-30 | 2412 ~ 2462 | DTS - Digital Transmission System | Original Equipment |
app s | Applicant Information | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1 | Effective |
2004-03-30
|
||||
1 | Applicant's complete, legal business name |
LINKSYS LLC
|
||||
1 | FCC Registration Number (FRN) |
0009100470
|
||||
1 | Physical Address |
121 Theory Drive
|
||||
1 |
Irvine, CA
|
|||||
1 |
United States
|
|||||
app s | TCB Information | |||||
1 | TCB Application Email Address |
h******@americantcb.com
|
||||
1 | TCB Scope |
A4: UNII devices & low power transmitters using spread spectrum techniques
|
||||
app s | FCC ID | |||||
1 | Grantee Code |
Q87
|
||||
1 | Equipment Product Code |
WUSB54GV2
|
||||
app s | Person at the applicant's address to receive grant or for contact | |||||
1 | Name |
J****** H******
|
||||
1 | Title |
Regulatory Compliance Manager
|
||||
1 | Telephone Number |
949-2********
|
||||
1 | Fax Number |
949-2********
|
||||
1 |
j******@belkin.com
|
|||||
app s | Technical Contact | |||||
1 | Firm Name |
Advance Data Technology Corp.
|
||||
1 | Name |
E****** W****
|
||||
1 | Physical Address |
13-1 Lane 19 WenShan 3rd Street
|
||||
1 |
Taoyuan, 333
|
|||||
1 |
Taiwan
|
|||||
1 | Telephone Number |
+886-******** Extension:
|
||||
1 | Fax Number |
+886-********
|
||||
1 |
e******@adt.com.tw
|
|||||
app s | Non Technical Contact | |||||
n/a | ||||||
app s | Confidentiality (long or short term) | |||||
1 | Does this application include a request for confidentiality for any portion(s) of the data contained in this application pursuant to 47 CFR § 0.459 of the Commission Rules?: | Yes | ||||
1 | Long-Term Confidentiality Does this application include a request for confidentiality for any portion(s) of the data contained in this application pursuant to 47 CFR § 0.459 of the Commission Rules?: | No | ||||
if no date is supplied, the release date will be set to 45 calendar days past the date of grant. | ||||||
app s | Cognitive Radio & Software Defined Radio, Class, etc | |||||
1 | Is this application for software defined/cognitive radio authorization? | No | ||||
1 | Equipment Class | DTS - Digital Transmission System | ||||
1 | Description of product as it is marketed: (NOTE: This text will appear below the equipment class on the grant) | Wireless-G USB Network Adapter | ||||
1 | Related OET KnowledgeDataBase Inquiry: Is there a KDB inquiry associated with this application? | No | ||||
1 | Modular Equipment Type | Does not apply | ||||
1 | Purpose / Application is for | Original Equipment | ||||
1 | Composite Equipment: Is the equipment in this application a composite device subject to an additional equipment authorization? | No | ||||
1 | Related Equipment: Is the equipment in this application part of a system that operates with, or is marketed with, another device that requires an equipment authorization? | No | ||||
1 | Grant Comments | Power Output listed is Conducted. The antennas used for this transmitter must be installed to provide a separation distance of at least 20 cm from all persons and must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. End-users and installers must be provided with antenna installation instructions and transmitter operating conditions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. | ||||
1 | Is there an equipment authorization waiver associated with this application? | No | ||||
1 | If there is an equipment authorization waiver associated with this application, has the associated waiver been approved and all information uploaded? | No | ||||
app s | Test Firm Name and Contact Information | |||||
1 | Firm Name |
Advance Data Technology Corporation
|
||||
1 | Name |
S******** C******
|
||||
1 | Telephone Number |
88626********
|
||||
1 | Fax Number |
88626********
|
||||
1 |
s******@adt.com.tw
|
|||||
Equipment Specifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Line | Rule Parts | Grant Notes | Lower Frequency | Upper Frequency | Power Output | Tolerance | Emission Designator | Microprocessor Number | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
1 | 1 | 15C | CE | 2412.00000000 | 2462.00000000 | 0.0520000 |
some individual PII (Personally Identifiable Information) available on the public forms may be redacted, original source may include additional details
This product uses the FCC Data API but is not endorsed or certified by the FCC