FCC ID: PQGE95 Card Reader Security Device

 

95 Series RFID System Users Guide Lyngsoe Industries 5570 Kennedy Road, Unit B Mississauga, Ontario L4Z 2A9 CANADA Tel: +1 (905) 501-1533 Fax: +1 (905) 501-1538 Lyngsoe 95 Series RFID System Users Guide Part Number: 950119 Fourth Edition April 2002 The information in this manual is for reference purposes only and is subject to change without notice. The contents of this manual and the associated Lyngsoe 95 Series hardware are the property of Lyngsoe Industries and are copyrighted. All rights are reserved by Lyngsoe Industries. In no event is Lyngsoe Industries liable for incidental or consequential damages in connection with or arising from the use of this manual or any related documentation. This document may not, in whole or in part, be copied, photocopied, reproduced, translated, or reduced to an electronic medium or machine readable form without prior written consent from Lyngsoe Industries. 1997 - 2002 Lyngsoe Industries. All Rights Reserved. Lyngsoe is a registered trademark of Lyngsoe Industries. All other product names and services listed are copyright and registered trademarks/trade names of their respective owners. Use, duplication or disclosure by the Government is subject to restrictions as set forth in subdivision (b)(3)(ii) of the Rights in Technical Data and Computer Software clause at 252.227-7013. Lyngsoe Industries. Printed in Canada. FCC CLASS A Digital Device or Peripheral - Information to the User NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with this guide, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case, the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. WARNING:

Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Lyngsoe Industries could void the users authority to operate the equipment. This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents Table of Contents Preface What This Manual Contains . i Summary . i Related Manuals . ii Text Conventions . ii Chapter 1: Introduction Transponder Identification System . 1-1 RFID Specific Terms . 1-2 Transponder . 1-2 Excitation Signal . 1-2 Response Signal . 1-2 Reading Points . 1-2 Communication Links . 1-2 RFID System . 1-2 Postal RFID System . 1-2 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles . 1-3 Communication Links . 1-3 System Parameters . 1-3 System Code . 1-4 Reader Address . 1-4 Real Time Clock . 1-4 Receiving UHF Data . 1-4 Reader Data Handling . 1-4 Reader Serial Port . 1-4 Reader Reset. 1-4 Exciter Address . 1-5 Chapter 2: Reader R95 Installation and Connections Before You Begin . 2-1 Mechanical Assembling . 2-1 Connecting the RS-232 Communication Line. 2-2 Connecting the RS-485 Two-Wire Communication Line . 2-3 Connecting the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line. 2-4 Connecting the Exciter Communication Line. 2-6 Connecting the Power Supply . 2-7 Connecting External Devices . 2-9 Chapter 3: Exciter E95 Installation and Connections Before You Begin . 3-1 Tools . 3-1 Mechanical Assembling . 3-2 Assembling the LF Antenna for E95. 3-2 LF Antenna Connections . 3-3 Connecting the RS-485 Communication Lines . 3-3 Connecting the Power Supply . 3-5 Power Supply Connections . 3-5 UHF Transmitter - Direct Control (Optional) . 3-6 Assembling Other Models of Exciters . 3-6 Table of Contents 1 Table of Contents Chapter 4: Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection Before you Begin. 4-1 Tools . 4-1 Installing Power Supply TRM95 . 4-1 Placement . 4-1 Safety . 4-2 Wiring Connections and Supply . 4-2 Connecting Equipment to the Power Supply Unit . 4-3 Connecting the AC Mains Supply . 4-3 Chapter 5: Configuration and Operation Before You Begin . 5-1 General Procedure Rules . 5-1 Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection . 5-2 Readers Power-up Sequence . 5-3 Learning Procedure (Optional) . 5-3 Resetting the Reader . 5-4 Checking the Readers Basic Parameters . 5-4 Setting Up the Exciters Address. 5-5 LF Transmitter Output . 5-6 Configuring the Reader . 5-8 Setting Up the Carrier Threshold . 5-9 Setting Up the Exciters Test-Tag . 5-11 Setting Up the Real Time Clock . 5-12 Configuring the Readers Application Parameters . 5-12 Configuring the Readers Network Parameters . 5-13 Storing the Readers Configuration . 5-13 Reader - Final Setup. 5-14 95 Series RFID System - Final Test . 5-14 Chapter 6: Programming and Testing the Transponder T95 Setting Up the Programming Site . 6-1 Programming Procedures. 6-2 Using T95 Programming Software . 6-2 Using a Terminal Emulation Program . 6-2 Confidence Tester TCT95. 6-2 Chapter 7: Troubleshooting Preventive Maintenance . 7-1 General Guidelines . 7-1 Appendix A: Specifications Transponder T95C . A-1 Reader R95 . A-2 Exciter E95 . A-4 Power Supply TRM95. A-5 System Performance. A-5 Appendix B: Transponder T95 Messages Message Format . B-1 T95 Parameters . B-1 Total Transmission Time. B-1 Appendix C: Excitation Modes Excitation Modes and Parameter Settings . C-1 2 Table of Contents Table of Contents Appendix D: Reader Software Upgrade Procedure Upgrading the Firmware . D-1 Setting the Readers Address . D-1 Saving Parameters. D-2 Using the RS232 Interface. D-2 Using the RS485 Interface. D-3 Using the RS485 Interface. D-3 Restoring Parameters . D-4 Setting the Readers Network Configuration . D-4 Final Instructions . D-5 Glossary. G-1 Index . I-1 Table of Contents 3 Table of Contents This page intentionally left blank. Table of Contents 4 List of Figures List of Figures Figure 1-1: RFID Concept . 1-1 Figure 2-1: Connections and Jumper Settings for the RS-232 - PC Communication Line . 2-2 Figure 2-2: Connections and Jumper Settings for the RS-485 Two-Wire Communication Line . 2-3 Figure 2-3: Connections and Jumper Settings for the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line . 2-5 Figure 2-4: Connections and Jumper Settings for the Exciter Communication Line. 2-6 Figure 2-5: Power Supply Connections . 2-8 Figure 2-6: External Devices Connections . 2-9 Figure 3-1: LF Antenna Connections . 3-3 Figure 3-2: Connections and Jumpers Settings for the RS-485 Communication Lines . 3-4 Figure 3-3: Exciter E95 Power Supply Connections. 3-5 Figure 5-1: Connecting the Reader to a PC/Laptop . 5-2 Figure 5-2: Setting Up the Exciters Address . 5-5 Figure 5-3: LF Signal Measurement . 5-6 Figure 6-1: Programming Site . 6-1 List of Figures 1 List of Figures This page intentionally left blank. 2 List of Figures What This Manual Contains Preface What This Manual Contains This manual gives procedures for installing and configuring the Reader R95 and the Exciter E95, and programming the Transponder T59. It also gives you maintenance and troubleshooting procedures. Summary A summary of the contents of this manual is given below:

Chapter 1, Introduction, describes the Transponder Identification System and the Postal RFID System. It also gives information on the 95 Series RFID System configuration principles. Chapter 2, Reader R95 Installation and Connections, explains how to install and connect the Reader, set the jumpers for the interfaces, and connect external devices to the Reader, if necessary. Chapter 3, Exciter E95 Installation and Connections, explains how to assemble the Exciter using the LF antenna kit and the Enclosure E95 kit, make the LF antenna connection, connect the serial interfaces and power supply, set the jumpers for the interfaces, and connect remote devices to the Reader. Chapter 4, Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection, explains how to install the unit and make input and output connections to the unit. Chapter 5, Configuration and Operation, provides procedures for setting up and configuring a 95 Series RFID System. Chapter 6, Programming and Testing the Transponder T95, explains how to set up a site and gives procedures for programming the Transponder T95. Chapter 7, Troubleshooting, describes maintenance and troubleshooting procedures that you must follow when using the 95 Series RFID System. Appendix A, Specifications, gives electrical, environmental, and physical specifications for the Transponder T95, the Reader R95, the Exciter E95, and for the complete 95 RFID System. Appendix B, Transponder T95 Messages, describes the T95 Message format. Appendix C, Excitation Modes, describes the various excitation modes (signal descriptions) and their associated parameter settings. Appendix D, Reader Software Upgrade Procedure, describes the procedures for upgrading the Reader R95 (P/N 600405) main software using the serial interface RS232 or RS485. The Glossary is an alphabetical listing of terms and acronyms used in this manual. Preface i What This Manual Contains Related Manuals Technical Guide 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. This Guide describes the 95 Series RFID System. It includes operation principles, block diagrams and electrical schematics for all equipment and assembly parts for the 95 Series RFID System. Reference Guide 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. This Guide describes all the commands that control the RFID operating system. Text Conventions Helvetica is used for commands you must type exactly as it appears. Italics is used for document titles, file names and new terms being defined. Courier is used for messages displayed on the screen. ii Preface Transponder Identification System Chapter 1 Introduction This chapter describes Transponders and their functions, the purpose of the Postal RFID System and its uses. It also gives information on the 95 Series RFID System configuration principles. Transponder Identification System The purpose of a data capture or identification system that uses a Transponder as an identification token is:

To automatically identify animate or inanimate objects having attached a Transponder with an unique identifier

To ensure that information is available in a format that can be readily accepted by a computer

To minimize the possibility of errors in the identification process. The concept of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) is presented in Figure 1-1. T r a n s p o n d e r U p li n k R x T x R e a d in g P o in t C C D o w n lin k T x R x M a in P C In te r fa c e In te r fa c e Figure 1-1: RFID Concept Introduction 1-1 RFID Specific Terms RFID Specific Terms Transponder Excitation Signal Response Signal Reading Points Transponders are devices that receive an excitation signal, and respond by transmitting back a message. Transponders that are used in identification systems are sometimes referred to as electronic tags or tags. The excitation signal may be in the form of electromagnetic energy and can operate anywhere in the RF spectrum from a low-radio frequency to infra-red light. It can also have a special signature (pattern, coding, etc.) to avoid false or unwanted excitations. When there is no excitation signal, the Transponder is dormant (in sleep mode). Transponders do not transmit information involuntarily. The Transponders response can be a separate RF transmission or a supplementary modulation of the excitation signal. The response signal contains information that allows you to identify each Transponder and the object to which it is attached. Some or all of this information may be stored in memory that can either be pre-coded and unalterable, or reprogrammable. Reading Points are installed at strategic areas on the site where you want to identify objects that are passing within a specified range. Reading Points generate the excitation signal and receive signals transmitted by the Transponders. Data captured from the Transponders is then transferred to the main computer. In so doing, the Reading Point functions as a relay or an interface that transfers data from the Transponders to the main computer and vice-versa. Communication Links When using Transponders and Reading Points, two wireless communication links exist. They are: Uplink - from the Reading Point to the Transponder, and Downlink -

from the Transponder to the Reading Point. RFID System Automatic identification systems vary in their complexity. An example of a simple system is a car-park barrier that provides automatic vehicular-access control. A more complex example is a network of on-line Readers and Exciters that communicate with a host computer that is managing an automated industrial facility. Postal RFID System The International Postal Corporation (IPC) required international end-to-end mail performance monitoring to implement new management and financial control systems. This monitoring and controlling is supported by an international agreement known as REIMS (Remunerating Exchanges of International Mails). The Postal RFID System was developed in response to the IPCs requirements. The main objective of the Postal RFID System is:

To monitor the movement of the probe letters at key points in the system

To supply evidence of mailing system performance

To highlight problem areas. 1-2 Introduction 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles By using a RFID system comprising of a population of Transponders and strategically placed Readers and Exciters, you can electronically monitor the path of test letters through the collection and delivery process, particularly at points between Postal administrations and their agents. Each probe letter includes a RFID Transponder bearing a unique identification. The probe letters are posted, sorted, and delivered in the same way as normal letters. As they pass pre-determined points en-route (Reading Points/identification zones), the Transponders are identified. The collected information is then read and stored on local computers. This information is downloaded on demand to a Central Management System (CMS). The Postal RFID System includes the following main specific equipment:

Transponders T95 carrying the identification data

Exciters E95 to generate an electromagnetic field that excites the Transponder T95

Readers R95 to receive data transmitted by the Transponder T95 and to relay this information via the RS-485 interface to the main computer

Power Supply TRM95 to power Readers R95 and Exciters E95 from the local AC main supply. IMPORTANT Each piece of equipment can have different commercial models (Transponders T95B, T95C, TRD95, and TBC95), but they behave similarly. This manual refers to them as a generic T95 model. 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles Communication Links The RFID System is highly configurable, allowing you to setup operational parameters for the optimum performance of the System. The sections that follow give some basic information regarding the 95 Series RFID System configuration. A detailed description of the configuration, with a focus on an IPC implementation, is given in Chapter 5, Configuration and Operation. There are several communication links between the components of the 95 Series RFID System. As a general rule, all equipment attached to a particular link must have the same parameters settings to communicate. Some communication links can be configured, others, however, have fixed configurations, as follows:

Reader-to-Transponder: excitation (LF=125.0 kHz) - configurable;

writing (infrared) - fixed configuration.

Transponder-to-Reader (UHF-433.92 MHz) - configurable.

Reader-to-Exciter and Exciter-to-Reader (RS485_COM, RS485_SGN) - fixed configuration.

Reader- to-Main PC and Main PC-to-Reader (RS-232 or RS-485) - configurable. System Parameters Parameters controlling the 95 Series RFID Systems configuration are logically organized in groups. For a detailed explanation on the meaning and usage of the parameters, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. The parameters Introduction 1-3 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles System Code Reader Address settings that control the hardware configuration, is described in Chapter 3, Theory of Operation in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. This chapter gives reasons for using certain parameters for configuring the hardware. A Reader R95 needs a System Code to function properly. You use the ISC parameter to set the System Code the first time. The System Code is a specially encoded number that distinguishes the RFID System from all other similar systems in use. By obtaining your System Code from Kasten Chase, you are guaranteed a unique System Code. When a Reader is part of a network, it must have a unique address. The address is set by the IAD parameter. Once the Reader has an address assigned, it will only process commands with the address field matching the Readers address. In this way, you can direct commands over the network to a specific Reader. Real Time Clock The Reader R95 has an on board Real Time Clock. Make sure that the date and time is correctly set. The time can be queried and set using the IUT parameter. The time must be adjusted on Jan. 1st and Feb. 29th. Receiving UHF Data The Reader needs to know the data format in which the Transponder is transmitting information to properly receive and interpret the information. The Readers setting can be checked and modified by the Group R parameters. A simple method of matching an unknown Transponder with the Readers parameters setting is given below:

1. Use the programming setup described in Chapter 6, Programming and Testing the Transponder T95. 2. Query the Transponder. (See the Q command). 3. Check the Transponders parameters using the Group T parameters. 4. Set an identical set of parameters for the Reader using the Group R parameters. Data that is captured from the Transponder is usually stored in an internal buffer. It is then sent to the monitoring equipment either voluntarily (if DAR=Y), or in response to a query command. You can customize the format and the fields using the Group D parameters. By setting appropriate values, you can greatly simplify the implementation of the monitoring software. When setting the serial port parameters, remember that communication with the monitoring equipment can result in a bottleneck in the RFID System. We recommend, therefore, using the highest baud-rate available. Also, the line turn-around delay

(STD parameter) can greatly degrade the RFID Systems performance. This parameter must be set to 0, unless required otherwise. For more information on the Group S parameters, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. Reader Data Handling Reader Serial Port Reader Reset There are two main ways to reset the Reader:

Hardware reset

Software reset. For the hardware reset, switch off the Readers power supply for a least 5 seconds. 1-4 Introduction 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles For the software reset, press the RESET button on the Motherboard MBD95 twice, or type the command:

:RESET<Enter>

The software reset resets the Microcontroller. The hardware reset resets the Microcontroller and runs a complete memory test. Exciter Address When an Exciter E95 is part of a network, it must have an unique address. You can set the Exciters address in a binary format between 0001 and 1110, using the S1 switch on the EXT95SC board. Once an address is assigned, the Exciter will only process commands with a matching address field. In this way, you can direct commands in the network to a specific Exciter E95. Note Addresses 0000 and 1111 are reserved for special modes of operation. Introduction 1-5 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles This page intentionally left blank 1-6 Introduction Before You Begin Chapter 2 Reader R95 Installation and Connections This chapter explains how to:

Install the Reader Module Assembly into the Readers enclosure

Connect the serial interfaces and the power supply

Set the jumpers for interfaces

Connect the external devices to the Reader R95 (optional) Before You Begin Before installing the Reader:

Read Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide.

Have at your disposal, the complete approved documentation describing the RFID System configuration, equipment location, and wiring distances between the equipment (see the Site Survey Documentation).

Check whether the Readers enclosure, power supply and interconnection cable with the main PC are installed on the site according to the approved documentation (see the Site Survey Documentation).

Set a color table for each interface and power supply cables. Pay special attention to the interface terminals, cable shields, and the ground wires.

Check whether the Readers Kit (P/N 600418) is complete according to the product shipping list. Mechanical Assembling To assembly the Reader R95, refer to assembly drawing M900199 in Chapter 8, Power Supply Assembly Drawings, and complete the following steps:

1. 2. Install the RF assembly cables (P/N 50053) on the Readers enclosure using a 13 mm fix key. Install the Reader R95 Module Assembly (P/N 500048) into the Enclosure Base and secure it using the four 6-32x1/4 inch screws from the Reader R95 Kit. See drawing M900120. 3. Connect the two RF cables to the RF connectors on the Receiver Board CRM95

(middle board of the Reader Module Assembly). Reader R95 Installation and Connections 2-1 Connecting the RS-232 Communication Line Connecting the RS-232 Communication Line The RS-232 data transmission line is used for point-to-point communication with a local PC. This connection can be used during the 95 Series RFID System configuration or troubleshooting. The RS-232 connector and jumper are located on the Motherboard MBD95. The MBD95 is the bottom board of the Reader Module Assembly. Note For the RS-232 line, use specially designed cables only, such as, BELDEN type 8102, or a standard PC cable used for RS-232 interconnections. For more information, see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. To connect the RS-232 communication line to the Reader, refer to Figure 2-1 below. Controll er CTL95 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M P2 1 J2 RS232 RS4852 Interface Selection TB8 RS232 TX RX TX GND RX Figure 2-1: Connections and Jumper Settings for the RS-232 - PC Communication Line Complete the following steps:

1. Unplug terminal block TB8 from connector TB7. 2. Connect the communication wires TX, GND and RX to the corresponding TB8 pins. 3. Place the jumper P2 between pins 1-2 of J2 (RS-232 configuration). 4. Plug terminal block TB8 back into connector TB7. 2-2 Reader R95 Installation and Connections Connecting the RS-485 Two-Wire Communication Line Connecting the RS-485 Two-Wire Communication Line The RS-485 is a standard data communication line for an industrial environment. For detailed information on the two-wire RS-485 interface (half-duplex), see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. The RS-485 connectors and jumpers are located on the Motherboard MBD95. The MBD95 is the bottom board of the Reader Module Assembly. Notes 1. For the RS-485 line, use specially designed cables only, such as, BELDEN type 9841, or similar. For more information, see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 2. To simplify the RS-485 multidrop-type connection, the two RS-485 connectors, TB4 and TB6 are wired in parallel on the MBD95. Connect the incoming RS-485 cable to one connector and the outcoming RS-485 cable to the other. To connect RS-485 communication lines to the Reader, refer to Figure 2-2 below. Controll er CTL95 RS-485 Termination Open Load J1 P1 1 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M J4 J3 P4 P3 1 1 J2 1 P2 RS485 Interface Type Selection 2 wire RS232 RS4852 Interface Selection TB4 TB6 RS485 A B Z Y A B Z Y RS485 Wire Jumpers In-coming cable A B Out-coming cable A B Figure 2-2: Connections and Jumper Settings for the RS-485 Two-Wire Communication Line Reader R95 Installation and Connections 2-3 Connecting the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line Complete the following steps:

1. Unplug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 from connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. 2. Run the incoming and outcoming RS-485 cables through the cable grips into Readers enclosure. 3. Connect a short piece of wire between pins A and Y of terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Connect another wire between pins B and Z of terminal block TB4 (or TB6). 4. Connect the two-wire communication line to the corresponding pins A and B of terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Connect the cable shield to the pin marked with the ground symbol on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Caution Before you install the RFID System, label the 2 wires on the RS-485 line A and B. Keep this naming convention for all connections made on this RS-485 communication line. 5. Place jumpers P3 between pins 2-3 of J3 and P4 between pins 2-3 of J4 to set the half-duplex mode for the RS-485 interface. 6. Set the RS-485 communication line terminating load. The ends of a multidrop network line can be easily identified, because only one RS-485 cable is connected to that equipment. To connect a 120 ohm terminating load, place the jumper P1 between pins 1-2 of J1. For any other equipment connected to this RS-485 communication line, place the jumper P1 between pins 2-3 of J1. 7. To select with the RS-485 interface, set the jumper P2 between pins 2-3 of J2. 8. Plug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 into connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. Connecting the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line The four-wire RS-485 data-communication line is the recommended variant for connecting the Readers to the main PC. For detailed information regarding the four-

wire RS-485 interface (full-duplex), see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. The RS-485 connectors and jumper are located on the Motherboard MBD95. The MBD95 is the bottom board of the Reader Module Assembly. Notes 1. For RS-485 line, use a specially designed cable only, such as, BELDEN type 9842, or similar. For more information, see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 2. To simplify the RS-485 multidrop-type connection, the two RS-485 connectors, TB4 and TB6 are wired in parallel on the MBD95. Connect the incoming RS-485 cable to one connector and the outcoming RS-485 cable to the other. 2-4 Reader R95 Installation and Connections To connect the RS-485 communication lines to the Reader, refer to Figure 2-3 below. Connecting the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line Standard Configuration - 4 wires e c a f r e t n I 5 8 4 S R n o i t c e l e S e p y T RS485 Termination J1 Open 1 Load 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M Controll er CTL95 P4 1 1 J4 J3 P3 J2 1 P4 J4 NOTE:

J4 Setting for point-to-point application 1 P2 RS232 RS4852 Interface Selection TB4 TB6 RS485 A B Z Y A B Z Y RS485 Incoming cable Outcoming cable A B Z Y A B Z Y Figure 2-3: Connections and Jumper Settings for the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line Complete the following steps:

1. Unplug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 from connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. 2. Run the RS-485 incoming and outcoming cables through the cable grips into Readers enclosure. 3. Connect the four-wire communication line to the corresponding pins A, B, Z and Y on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Connect the cable shield to the pin indicated by the ground symbol on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Caution Before installing the RFID System, label the 4 wires on the RS-485 line A, B, Z and Y. Keep this naming convention for all connections made on this RS-485 communication line. 4. Place jumpers P3 between pins 1-2 of J3 and P4 between pins 2-3 of J4 to set a full-duplex multipoint communication mode on the RS-485 interface. Note For a full-duplex point-to-point communication mode set, however, you have to place the jumper P4 between pins 1-2 of J4. 5. Set the RS-485 communication line terminating load. The ends of a multidrop network line can be easily identified, because only one RS-485 cable is connected to that equipment. To connect a 120 ohm terminating load, place the jumper P1 between pins 1-2 of J1. For any other equipment connected to this RS-485 communication line, place the jumper P1 between pins 2-3 of J1. Reader R95 Installation and Connections 2-5 Connecting the Exciter Communication Line 6. To select with the RS-485 interface, place the jumper P2 between pins 2-3 of J2. 7. Plug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 into connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. Connecting the Exciter Communication Line Two separate RS-485 two-wire interfaces are used to communicate between Readers and Exciters. For more information, see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. The RS-485 connectors and jumpers for these lines are located on the Controller Board CTL95. The CTL95 is the top board of the Reader Module Assembly. Notes 1. For the RS-485 line, use specially designed cables only, such as, BELDEN type 9842, or similar. For more information, see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 2. To simplify the RS-485 multidrop-type connection, the two RS-485 connectors, TB4 and TB6, are wired in parallel on the MBD95. Connect the incoming RS-485 cable to one connector and the outcoming RS-485 cable to the other. To connect the RS-485 communication lines to the Reader, refer to Figure 2-4 below. RS-485 Termination J1 J2 P1 1 P2 1 Open Load Open Load 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M Controller CTL95 TB4 RS485 A1 B1 G A2 B2 A1 B1 G A2 B2 RS485 TB6 In-coming cable Out-coming cable RS485_CMD RS485_SGN RS485_CMD RS485_SGN Figure 2-4: Connections and Jumper Settings for the Exciter Communication Line 2-6 Reader R95 Installation and Connections Connecting the Power Supply Complete the following steps:

1. Unplug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 from connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. 2. Run the RS-485 incoming and outcoming cables through the cable grips into the Readers enclosure. 3. Connect the four-wire communication line to the corresponding pins A1, B1, A2, and B2 on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Connect the cable shield to the pin marked G on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Caution Before installing the RFID System, label the two wires of one line of RS-485 as A1 and B1, and the other two wires of RS-485 as A2 and B2. Keep this naming convention for all connections made on this RS-485 communication line. 4. Set the RS-485 communication line terminating load for each two-wire line. The ends of a multidrop network line can be easily identified, because only one RS-485 cable is connected to that equipment. To connect an 100 ohm terminating load on each separate RS-485 line, place jumper P1 between pins 1-2 of J1, and jumper P2 between pins 1-2 of J2. For any other equipment connected to this RS-485 communication line, place jumpers P1 between pins 2-3 of J1, and P2 between pins 2-3 of J2 respectively. 5. Plug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 into connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. Connecting the Power Supply The Reader R95 requires a 12Vac or 13 to 16Vdc power source, and a maximum current of 0.3A. For more information on the Reader, see Appendix A, Specifications. The power supply connector is located on the Motherboard MBD95. The MBD95 is the bottom board of the Reader Module Assembly (P/N 500048). Notes 1. To connect the power supply, use electrical wire gauge 16 AWG (minimum). 2. The main ground connection of the Reader is on the power supply connector. It is indicated by the ground symbol. Use an electrical wire with at least gauge 16AWG for the main ground connection. 3. We recommend using Lyngsoes Power Supply, model TRM95/120V or TRM95/

230V, as required by the local AC power line voltage. Reader R95 Installation and Connections 2-7 Connecting the Power Supply To connect the power supply to Reader R95, refer to Figure 2-5 below. DATA Red LED POWER Green LED Controll er CTL95 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M

TB2 POWER 12Vac 12Vac Figure 2-5: Power Supply Connections Complete the following steps:

1. Unplug terminal block TB2 from its connector TB1. 2. Run the power supply cable through the cable grip into the Readers enclosure. 3. Connect the power wires to the TB2 pins marked with the ~ symbol. 4. Connect the main ground connection to the TB2 pin marked with the ground symbol. 5. Switch on the power supply. 6. Check the voltage on terminal block TB2 (between pins marked with the ~

symbol). 7. Plug terminal block TB2 into its connector TB1. 8. Re-check the voltage on the terminal block TB2 in Step 6. 9. Check the MBD95 to see whether the green POWER LED goes ON, and the red DATA LED stays ON continuously for 6-7 seconds and then turns OFF. 10. Switch off the power supply. 2-8 Reader R95 Installation and Connections Connecting External Devices Connecting External Devices Figure 2-6 shows you how to connect external devices to the Reader. Caution Do not exceed the maximum ratings for the relay contacts and Object Sensor input as stated in Appendix A, Specifications. SPDT Contacts COM NO NC GND OS I/O Object Sensor Contacts TB10 RELAY CNO COM CNC TB12 OS/IO GNDP OS IO Controller CTL95 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M Figure 2-6: External Devices Connections Reader R95 Installation and Connections 2-9 Connecting External Devices This page intentionally left blank. 2-10 Reader R95 Installation and Connections Before You Begin Before You Begin Chapter 3 Exciter E95 Installation and Connections This chapter explains how to:

Assemble the Exciter E95 using LF Antenna Kit (P/N 600420) and Enclosure E95 Kit (P/N 600421)

Make the LF antenna connections

Connect serial interfaces and power supply

Set the jumpers for interfaces

Connect remote devices to the Reader R95 (optional) Before starting the installation:

Read Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide.

Have at your disposal, the complete approved documentation describing the RFID System configuration, equipment location, and wiring distances between equipment (see the Site Survey Documentation).

Check whether the mechanical supports for the Exciters are installed on the site according to the approved documentation (see the Site Survey Documentation).

Set a color table for the serial interfaces and power supply cables. Pay special attention to the interface terminals, cable shield, and the ground wires.

Check whether the LF Antenna Kit (P/N 600420) and Enclosure E95 Kit

(P/N 600421) are complete, according to the product shipping list. Tools To install the Exciter E95, you will need the following tools:

Screwdriver SR1 (square recess # 1)

Rubber mallet

Hexagonal fix key # 10 Exciter E95 Installation and Connections 3-1 Mechanical Assembling Mechanical Assembling Assembling the LF Antenna for E95 To assemble the Exciter E95, refer to the assembly drawing (M900121), and then complete the following steps. The antenna frame consists of five separate segments, each with the following dimensions: two pieces - 0.4m long, two pieces - 2.0m long, and one piece - 1.0m long. Each segment includes an aluminum tube with an internal rubber hose. The segments are joined together using plastic corners. The antenna cable (7-wire cable) runs through the rubber hoses inside the aluminum tubes. To assemble the antenna, do the following:

1. Starting with one side of the antenna frame that is beside the plastic enclosure

(0.4 m segment), place the corresponding rubber hose inside the aluminum tube, and run the antenna cable through the rubber hose. Run the cable through a plastic corner, and secure the plastic corner inside the aluminum tube using a rubber mallet. 2. Repeat Step 1 for each side of the frame, finishing with the last short segment

(0.4m). You should have a 1x2m rectangular aluminum frame with the antenna cable inside. 3. Terminate the antenna frame with the plastic base connectors. 4. Place the 90 brackets on each ends of the frame, and secure the frame against the plastic enclosure using M6 screws, washers and nuts. 5. Connect the antenna frame to the ground lead on the board, by securing the terminal lug of the ground lead on the EXT95SC electronic board with one of the M6 screws, as shown on the assembly drawing 600406. Note Always ensure that the ends of the antenna cable inside the plastic enclosure have the following dimensions: one - 110mm long and the other - 360mm long. For more information, see the drawing 600406. 6. Use the self-drill screws (M3.5x9.5) to secure the 1 inch square aluminum tube in each corner of the LF antenna frame, and to secure the 90 brackets against the aluminum tubes. 3-2 Exciter E95 Installation and Connections LF Antenna Connections LF Antenna Connections The LF antenna is a 7-turn loop coil with the tap at the first turn. To create this multiturn loop and the proper tap connection, complete the following steps:

1. Position the antenna cable inside the plastic box as shown in the assembly drawing 600406. Cut the end closest to the terminal block - 110mm long, and the other - 360mm long. 2. Remove 80mm of the outside cable jacket, and strip about 8mm from each conductor isolation. 3. Using a screwdriver, connect the antenna cable conductors in the terminal block as shown in Figure 3-1 below. From Exciter EXT95SC Assembly Black Red White Terminal Block 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 BLACK RED BROWN GREEN BLACK RED BROWN ORANGE GREEN BLUE WHITE ORANGE BLUE WHITE 7 Conductors Antenna Cable Ends Figure 3-1: LF Antenna Connections Connecting the RS-485 Communication Lines The RS-485 connectors and jumpers are located on the Exciter Slave EXT95SC assembly placed inside the plastic enclosure (see the assembly drawing M900121). Two separate RS-485 two-wire lines are used to transmit data from/to the Reader. For detailed information on the RS-485 two-wires interface (half-duplex), see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. Notes 1. For the RS-485 line, use specially designed cables only, such as BELDEN type 9842, or similar. For more information, see the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 2. To simplify the RS-485 multidrop-type connection, the two RS-485 connectors, TB4 and TB6 are wired in parallel on the EXT95SC board. Connect the RS-485 Exciter E95 Installation and Connections 3-3 Connecting the RS-485 Communication Lines incoming cable to one connector and the RS-485 outcoming cable to the other. To connect RS-485 communication lines to the EXT95SC, refer to Figure 3-2 below. RS485_CMD Termination J1 Open Load P1 1 TB4 RS485 Incoming cable Ex citer S la ve E XT 9 5 S C RS485_SGN Termination J2 P2 1 Open Load A1 B1 G A2 B2 A1 B1 G A2 B2 TB6 RS485 Outcoming cable A1 B1 A2 B2 B1 A1 B2 A2 RS485_CMD RS485_SGN RS485_CMD RS485_SGN Figure 3-2: Connections and Jumpers Settings for the RS-485 Communication Lines Complete the following steps:

1. Unplug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 from connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. 2. Run the RS-485 incoming and outcoming cables through the cable grips into the plastic enclosure. 3. Connect the RS485_CMD line to pins A1, B1, and RS485_SGN line to the pins A2, B2 on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Connect the cable shield to the pin marked G on terminal block TB4 (or TB6). Caution Before installing the RFID System, label the 2 wires on the RS485_CMD line A1 and B1; label the 2 wires on the RS485_SGN line A2 and B2. Keep this naming convention for all connections made on these RS-485 communication lines. 4. Set the terminating load for the each RS-485 communication line. The ends of a multidrop-network line could be easily identified, because only one RS-485 cable is connected to the equipment. 5. To connect a 100 ohm terminating load to the RS485_CMD line, place the jumper P1 between pins 1-2 of J1. When connecting any other equipment to this RS-485 communication line, place the jumper P1 between pins 2-3 of J1. To connect a 100 ohm terminating load to the RS485_SGN line, place the jumper P2 between pins 1-2 of J2. When connecting any other equipment to this RS-485 communication line, place the jumper P2 between pins 2-3 of J1. 6. Plug terminal blocks TB4 and TB6 into connectors TB3 and TB5 respectively. 3-4 Exciter E95 Installation and Connections Connecting the Power Supply Connecting the Power Supply Power Supply Connections The Exciter requires an 22 Vac or 23 to 28 Vdc power source, and a maximum current of 0.5 A. For more information, refer to Appendix A, Specifications. Notes 1. The power connector is located on the EXT95SC assembly. 2. Use an electrical wire with at least a 16 AWG gauge to connect the power supply. 3. The Exciters main ground connection is on the power supply connector. It is indicated by the ground symbol. Use an electrical wire with at least a 16 AWG gauge for the main ground connection. 4. To power the EXT95SC, we recommend using Lyngsoes Power Supply, model TRM95/120V or TRM95/230V, as required by the local AC power line voltage. To connect the power supply to the Exciter, refer to Figure 3-3 below. Exc iter Slav e E XT 9 5 SC TB10 TB8

POWER 22Vac 22Vac Figure 3-3: Exciter E95 Power Supply Connections Complete the following steps:

1. Remove terminal block TB8 from connector TB7 on the EXT95SC board. 2. Run the power supply cable through the cable grip into the plastic enclosure. 3. Connect power wires to the TB8 pins marked with the ~ symbol. 4. Connect the main ground connection to the TB8 pin marked with the ground symbol. 5. Switch on the power supply. Exciter E95 Installation and Connections 3-5 UHF Transmitter - Direct Control (Optional) 6. Check the voltage on the terminal block TB8 (between pins 1-3). 7. Plug terminal block TB8 into connector TB7. 8. Re-check the voltage in Step 6. 9. Check whether the voltage between pins 1 and 2 on terminal block TB10 is 5.0 0.2 V. 10. Switch off the power supply. UHF Transmitter - Direct Control (Optional) The UHF transmitter can be also switched on using a hardware control, by creating a a short between pins 1-2 on terminal block TB10. After this is done, the UHF transmitter will start transmitting the pre-programmed messages and then stop. To start another transmission, the contact must be opened and then closed again. The location of terminal block TB10 on the EXT95SC board is shown in Figure 3-3. Assembling Other Models of Exciters Lyngsoe provides other models of Exciters with different antenna frame sizes for particular installations. As an example, see Exciter E95S (P/N 600647). For mechanical assembling and electrical connections, use a similar procedure as described in the previous paragraphs and drawing M900113. 3-6 Exciter E95 Installation and Connections Before you Begin Before you Begin Chapter 4 Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection This chapter explains how to:

Install the Power Supply

Make the input line and output connections All data provided in this chapter apply to both Power Supply models TRM95/120V

(P/N 600579) and TRM95/230V (P/N 600626). Before installing the Power Supply:

Read Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide.

Have at your disposal, the complete approved documentation describing the RFID System configuration, equipment location, and wiring distances between equipment (see the Site Survey Documentation).

Check whether the mechanical supports for the Power Supply is installed on the site according to the documentation.

Check whether all cables are installed on the site according to the documentation

(type, protection, routing, etc.).

Check whether the Power Supply unit has the correct rating (120V or 230V) that is suitable for the local AC power lines voltage. Tools To install the Power Supply, you will need the following tools:

Phillips screwdriver size # 1)

Slotted screwdriver 2mm Installing Power Supply TRM95 Placement For mechanical details, refer to the Power Supply assembly drawing. The Power Supply unit can be installed either horizontally or vertically, but must be secured against its mechanical support with 4 screw (dia. 1/8"). It must be installed in such a way that the front is easily accessible and visible for inspection. This unit is designed for indoor use only. You should avoid installing the Power Supply unit in locations where there is water or excessive humidity. To reduce the risk of overheating, avoid exposing the Power Supply unit to direct sunlight or near any heat-emitting devices, such as a room heater or a stove. Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection 4-1 Wiring Connections and Supply Safety Please adhere to the following safety precautions:

1. Only authorized personnel are qualified to install and repair the Power Supply unit. Caution To reduce the risk of an electrical shock, disconnect the AC main supply before removing the units cover. 2. Use only approved (CSA,UL, IEC) fuses, size 5x20mm, Type T (slow-blow), with appropriate rating (1A for 120Vac, or 0.5A for 230Vac). The correct fuse rating is marked on the front panel of the Power Supply unit. 3. Ensure that the Power Supply unit is properly grounded. Always connect the unit to the 3-wire (with grounding) power systems. 4. Ensure that no water does not get inside the unit. Ensure that no foreign objects get inside the unit. Wiring Connections and Supply To get inside the unit, you must first unscrew the two screws that secure the cover. Once you remove these screws, you can easily lift the cover. Note To completely detach the cover, you must also remove the covers ground connection. Remember the ground connections must be in place when the unit is operating normally. All unused knockout-punch holes (front and back panels) must be plugged with plugs or similar stoppers. Lyngsoe recommends using the Hole Plug PG11 (P/N 400617) with a Polyamid Nut (P/N 400645). You have to order these parts separately. You must secure all cables passing through the front or back panel with cable grips or connectors (these are not provided). The connectors must match the conduit type used to protect the cable outside the Power Supply unit. For more information on these parts, contact Lyngsoe Industries. For all interconnections (power line, equipment), Lyngsoe recommends using cable type SJT, PVC jacketed, 3-conductors with a minimum gauge of 16 AWG (0.75 mm2 -

conductor nominal cross-sectional area). Lyngsoe recommends BELDEN cable type 19353. An external disconnecting device will be provided as part of the buildings installation. The disconnecting device will have an appropriate rating for the AC power line voltage (minimum 1A for 120Vac or 0.5A for 230Vac). Installation of the external wiring will comply with the national wiring rules (code) applicable to the site. 4-2 Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection Connecting Equipment to the Power Supply Unit Connecting Equipment to the Power Supply Unit The Power SUpply unit has 2 separate outputs (12Vac/1A and 22Vac/2A) to power up separate RFID equipment as Readers R95 and Exciters E95. These voltages are available for connecting an external cable on the Power Supplys internal terminal block and is clearly marked. Attention Do not exceed the load ratings specified for each output: 1A for the 12Vac, and 2A for the 22Vac. On the 22Vac source, the 2 terminal blocks are connected in parallel for each output terminal. Always use a 3-wire cable to connect the equipment to the Power Supply unit. Always connect the ground wire of each cable to the terminal block that is indicated by Connecting the AC Mains Supply Connect the power lines cable to the internal terminal block of the Power Supply unit as follows:

Live (phase) - to the terminal marked L

Neutral - to the terminal N

Ground - to the terminal marked For more information, see Chapter 8, Power Supply Assembly Drawings. IMPORTANT Before you connect power to the Power Supply unit, re-check the following:

The Power Supply model and rating against the installation plan and line voltage

The Power Supply fuse rating

All cable connections to the Power Supplys internal terminal block

All cable access into the Power Supplys enclosure, making sur that they are properly secured and protected. 4-3 Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection Connecting the AC Mains Supply This page intentionally left blank. 4-4 Power Supply TRM95 Installation and Connection Before You Begin Chapter 5 Configuration and Operation This chapter explains how to set-up and configure a 95 Series RFID System. The IPC implementation is a practical example of the 95 Series RFID System configuration. For more information about the 95 Series RFID System configuration, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. Before You Begin Before starting the RFID System configuration, do the following:

1. Check whether all equipment is correctly installed and interconnected according to the requirements stated in Chapter 2, Reader R95 Installation and Connections and Chapter 3, Exciter E95 Installation and Connections in this guide. 2. Create a unique address for each Reader and Exciter according to the approved documentation describing the RFID System configuration (see the specific Site Survey documentation). 3. Familiarize yourself with the instructions format described in the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide, and the systems functionality described in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 4. Refer to the section, 95 Series RFID System Configuration Principles on page 1-3, for some general explanations on configuring the 95 Series RFID System. General Procedure Rules You have to configure each Reader and Exciter in the RFID System. Lyngsoe recommends that you follow the general rules listed below:

1. Configure each identification zone, one by one, by using a PC/Laptop that is directly connected to a Reader. By doing this, you can control the Reader, and all Exciters interconnected to it from this PC. 2. Follow the step-by-step instructions described in this chapter. 3. If you do not obtain the expected results, refer to Chapter 7, Troubleshooting. Configuration and Operation 5-1 Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection To connect the Reader to a PC, do the following:

1. Use the RS-232 or RS-485 communication line to connect the Reader to the PC. For more information on these communication lines, see Connecting the RS-232 Communication Line, and Connecting the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line in Chapter 2. For the initial set-up, Lyngsoe recommends using the RS-232 connection with a local, mobile PC (Laptop), as shown in Figure 5-1 below. Controller CTL95 Relay 5 9 D B M d r a o b r e h t a M Reset Button POWER DATA Green LED Red LED P2 1 J2 RS232 RS4852 Interface Selection COM1/DB9 RS232 Cable TB8 RS232 TX RX TX GND RX Figure 5-1: Connecting the Reader to a PC/Laptop 2. Run a terminal emulation program on the PC, such as, HyperTerminal in Windows 95, Terminal in Windows 3.x, or Procomm in DOS or any version of Windows. The recommended configuration for the PCs port is:

Data rate

Data bits

Parity

Stop bits

Flow control - none

- 19200 bps

- 8 bits

- none

- 1 5-2 Configuration and Operation Readers Power-up Sequence Readers Power-up Sequence To verify the Readers power-up sequence, do the following:

1. Turn on the power supply to the Reader. 2. Referring to Figure 5-1, check whether the relay on the MBD95 board immediately clicks, and the green POWER LED is on. 3. Check whether the Reader performs the following power-on test sequence: the red DATA LED on the MBD95 board remains ON for 6-7 seconds. Afterwards, the following sign-on message is displayed on the PCs screen:

DISYS CRM-95 READER

(c)Copyright DISYS Corporation 1989-1996. Notes 1. If you did not assign a System Code identification number (SC) to the Reader, the DATA LED will flash On and Off at a rate of 1.4 Hz. To set the System Code, type:

ISC=[your SC] <Enter>

2. If a string of unrecognizable characters appears on the PCs screen, it means that the communication link between the Reader and the PC is not set properly. Run the Learning Procedure, as described below, to establish the correct settings. Learning Procedure (Optional) This a special mode of operation, specifically designed to allow a Reader to communicate with the PC to which it is attached, by adapting itself to the serial frame format that the PC is using. To force the Reader into the learning mode, follow the steps below. (See Figure 5-1). 1. Press the RESET button once. 2. Verify whether the DATA LED flashes at a rate of 2 Hz. This means that the Reader is in the learning mode, and is waiting to determine the frame format sent by the PC. 3. Send a few characters to the Reader, for example, LYNGSOE. 4. When the learning process is finished, the DATA LED will start flashing at 1.4 Hz rate and the following message will be displayed on the PC:

Learned: rate, parity, bits where:

rate: is the serial data rate (baud) expressed as a numeric value, for example,19200. parity: is a single character that reports the parity bit: N for no parity, Y for parity. bits: is a single digit (7 or 8) that reports the number of bits per character. 5. Check the values of the Readers current serial communication configuration by Configuration and Operation 5-3 Resetting the Reader using Group S parameters. You can change the settings for the PC or Reader so that the settings match each other. If you modify the Readers parameters, you must save them before leaving the learning mode. For more information on this procedure, see Storing the Readers Configuration on page 5-13. 6. Press the RESET button again to exit from the learning mode. 7. The DATA LED will stop flashing. Notes 1. The serial communication configuration for an IPC application has the default values of the Group S parameters. For more information on the Group S parameters, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. 2. If the noise and interference level on the UHF channel exceeds the carrier threshold or a Transponder is transmitting information, the DATA LED will start flashing at a faster rate. Resetting the Reader There are 2 ways to reset the Reader (see Figure 5-1):

By resetting the hardware

By resetting the software For a hardware reset, switch off the Readers power supply for a least 5 seconds. For a software reset, you can:

1. Press the RESET button twice. or 2. Type the following command at the prompt:

:RESET <Enter>

Checking the Readers Basic Parameters To check basic parameters on the Reader, do the following:

1. Check the software version number by typing:

IVN <Enter>

The response should be:

IVN=CRM95 V_.__, BUILT: __/__/__ __:__:__. Note You can upgrade the Reader software, if necessary. For more information on upgrading the software, refer to Appendix D, Reader Software Upgrade Procedure. 5-4 Configuration and Operation Setting Up the Exciters Address 2. Check the System Code (SC), by typing:

ISC <Enter>

The response should be:

ISC= [your SC]

If the displayed System Code is not identical with the application system code number, replace the Reader and report the problem to Lyngsoe. 3. Check the Receivers Serial Number (SN), by typing:

ISN [your SN]<Enter>

If the displayed serial number is not equal to the serial number on the Receivers CRM95 board, set it to the correct value. For example, if the SN is U123456, then type:

ISN=U123456<Enter>

4. Store the new SN and/or SC parameter values, by typing:

:CONFIG:STORE <Enter>

:RESET <Enter>

5. Check the correct values of the IVN, ISC, and ISN parameters, by repeating Steps 1 to 3. 6. Switch off the LF field, by typing:

C<Enter>

Setting Up the Exciters Address Your next step is to setup an address for each Exciter by using the S1 slide switch on the EXT95SC board, as shown in Figure 5-2 below. Ex citer S lav e E XT 9 5 SC S1

"1"

"0"

bit 3 2 1 0 ON ADDRESS Figure 5-2: Setting Up the Exciters Address Configuration and Operation 5-5 LF Transmitter Output The addresses must be sequential between 1 and 14. For example, if there are 4 Exciters, they must be assigned addresses 1, 2, 3, and 4. Use the S1 switch to set the address to binary format. For example, in binary format:

address 1 is 00012 address 2 is 00102 address 3 is 00112 address 4 is 01002 If the switch is in the ON position, the bit is set to 1. Otherwise, the bit is set to 0. Note Addresses 00002 and 11112 are reserved for special modes of operation. LF Transmitter Output To check the LF signal, refer to Figure 5-3 below, and do the following:

Ex citer S lav e E XT 9 5 SC Oscilloscope TB2 GND k c a l B ANT e t i h W TAP d e R To LF Antenna Terminal Block Figure 5-3: LF Signal Measurement 1. Connect the power to the Exciter. 2. Check the current parameter settings for the excitation mode and write down the value of the following parameters: RCS, RES, REM, RET, HCC, HCS, HE0, and HE1. Note To determine the value of a parameter, for example, HE1, type the command:

HE1 <Enter>

5-6 Configuration and Operation LF Transmitter Output The Reader will respond with the parameter value, for example, HE1=6 where 6 is the value for the HE1 parameter. 3. Set the Continuous DC Mode type of execution, by typing:

RCS=N <Enter>

RES=N <Enter>

REM=C <Enter>

RET=D <Enter>

Note If a parameter already has the wanted value (determined in Step 2), you do not have to reset it. 4. Turn on the excitation field, by typing:

B <Enter>

Check the TAP voltage [VTAP] at the terminal block TB2 on the EXT95SC board

(see Figure 5-3) using an oscilloscope. The signal must be a continuous unmodulated carrier of 128.25 kHz with a peak-to-peak amplitude of VTAP = 100 20 Vpp. Note When more than one Exciter 95 is used to create a wider excitation zone, a magnetic coupling can appear. The phenomenon is explained in Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. The coupling generates an unwanted amplitude modulation with a frequency of several Hertz, the modulation depth depending directly on the coupling. The installer has to monitor the TAP signal and adjust the position of the E95 frames to obtain a minimum unwanted modulation depth. The installer can increase the distance between frames, level the frames in the same plane, or place the frames with the shorter sides (1m) in parallel. The minimum amplitude of VTAP due to unwanted modulation must be larger than 60Vpp. 5. Turn off the excitation field, by typing:

C<Enter>

The TAP voltage amplitude should be zero. 6. Turn on the LF field again, by typing:

B <Enter>

The TAP voltage signal should have the same value as measured in Step 4. 7. Set the wanted excitation mode. To set a specific excitation mode, refer to Appendix C, Excitation Modes. If you want to return to the initial excitation mode as determined in Step 2, you have to restore the values of the parameters modified in Step 3. Configuration and Operation 5-7 Configuring the Reader For example, Lyngsoe recommends the following parameter values for the Conditional Switching AC mode (CSAC) for the IPC installation:

RCS=Y; RES=Y; REM=C; RET=A; HCC=8; HCS=7; HE0=18; HE1=6 These parameters all have the default values. 8. Check the excitation field pattern as set in Step 7, by monitoring the TAP voltage. For example, if the IPCs CSAC mode was set and the Reader did not receive a valid message, the TAP voltage has the following repetitive pattern: a carrier of 128.25 kHz modulated ON/OFF with 610Hz for 60 ms, followed by no signal for 180 ms. 9. Save the excitation mode set in Step 7, by typing:

:CONFIG:STORE <Enter>

:RESET <Enter>

10. Check the parameter values set in Step 7 again. 11. Check the auto-diagnostic feature, by typing:

:DAR=Y <Enter>

:TEST:EXCITER k <Enter>

where k is the decimal address (1, 2, 3, ...) of the Exciter that you want to test. The response should be 00, followed by a number (between IP-2 and IP) of messages from the Test Tag. 12. Turn off the excitation field again, by typing:

C<Enter>

13. Check the auto-diagnostic feature, by typing:

:TEST:EXCITER k <Enter>

The response should be C9. 14. Repeat Steps 1 to 13 (inclusive) for each Exciter that is connected to the Reader. Configuring the Reader The Readers basic configuration covers the following group of parameters:

Data buffering/reporting configuration - Group D parameters

- Group H parameters

Hardware configuration

- Group I parameters

Tag data reading configuration

- Group R parameters Instrument generic configuration For more information on these parameters, see the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide and the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 5-8 Configuration and Operation Note You can set these parameters for each particular application to optimize the functionality of the Reader and the RFID System. Setting Up the Carrier Threshold Setting Up the Carrier Threshold Warning Before starting this procedure, you have to enable the auto-report and set the data report in ASCII format, by typing the following:

DAR=Y<Enter>

DHX=N<Enter>

To setup the Readers carrier threshold, do the following:

1. Switch off the excitation field, by typing:

C<Enter>

2. Set the Receivers signal-to-noise ratio, by typing:

RSS=10<Enter>

Note You can set other values for the RSS parameter. Lyngsoe recommends using a value between 10 and 20 for the RSS parameter. 3. If you are using Diversity, enable it by typing:

HAD=Y<Enter>

Ensure that both UHF antennas are connected. If you are not using Diversity, disable it by typing:

HAD=N<Enter>

Ensure that only the right UHF antenna is selected (see the HAS parameter). 4. Check the noise level on the UHF channel, by typing:

HNL<Enter>

The HNL value should be between -107 to -95dBm. If the HNL value is higher than -95dBm, check if there are unwanted transmissions on the UHF channel (433.9 MHz). Pay special attention to Transponders or Exciters in close proximity to the Reader; these can accidentally transmit data that can be received by the Reader. If the HNL value is lower than -105dBm, check its value without the UHF antennas attached. The difference between these two readings must be greater than 3dB. Configuration and Operation 5-9 Setting Up the Carrier Threshold 5. Set the carrier threshold, by typing:

S <Enter>

or

:CONFIG:THRESHOLD<Enter>

Note If the Reader resets itself, repeat the procedure from Step 1. 6. Monitor the DATA LED for at least 10 seconds. The LED must not flicker. If it does flicker occasionally, increment the RSS parameter value by one. Go to Step 5. IMPORTANT

For a normal setup, the value of (HNL+RSS) must be less than - 85 dBm. If the noise level is higher than -95 dBm, disconnect the UHF antennas from the Reader, and check whether the HNL value drops below -107 dBm. If this occurs, it means that there is unwanted transmission on the UHF channel. To correct this situation, refer to Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 7. Place your Test Transponder T95 1-2 m away from an Exciter that is controlled by the Reader you are configuring. For more information about identification zones and the Test Transponders, refer to Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 8. Start the excitation field, by typing:

B<Enter>

9. Verify that the DATA LED is flickering, and check whether the Test Transponders messages are displayed on the PCs screen. If data is not displayed, check the Readers parameter configuration, and follows the troubleshooting instructions in Chapter 7, Troubleshooting. If the number of displayed messages is below n=IP-2, check the carrier threshold and try to adjust it again. Go to Step 1. 10. Remove the Test Transponder from the field and make sure that it is no longer transmitting by ensuring that the DATA LED is not flickering. 5-10 Configuration and Operation Setting Up the Exciters Test-Tag Setting Up the Exciters Test-Tag To set up the Exciters Test-Tag, do the following:

1. Set the parameters you want for the Test-Tag using the Group W parameters. Example For an IPC application, you have to program the following parameters, by typing:

WDR=4 <Enter>

WEC=Y <Enter>

WEN=N <Enter>

WHF=N <Enter>

WID=0 <Enter>

WIP=15 <Enter>

WLT=Y <Enter>

WRC=0 <Enter>

WRS=0 <Enter>

WSD=200 <Enter>

WSM=Y <Enter>

WTF=Y <Enter>

WTS=N <Enter>

WWP=Y <Enter>

WUD=$43FEnnrrkk <Enter>

where:

nn is the PCs address. If PCs address is 1, or there is only one PC/site, nn=01. rr is the Readers address. If Readers address is 1, rr = 01. kk is the Exciters address. If the Exciters address is 1, kk = 01. 2. Turn off the LF field, by typing:

C<Enter>

3. Program the Exciter Test-Tag, by typing:

:TAG:MATCH:EXCITER k<Enter>

where k is the address of the Exciter you want to program. If the response is not 00, the Exciter is not programmed. Repeat this command several times, waiting at least 3 seconds between retries. Note If you cannot program the Test Tag, see Chapter 7, Troubleshooting. 4. Turn on the LF field, by typing:

B<Enter>

5. Test the Exciter Test-Tag, by typing:

:TEST:EXCITER k<Enter>

where k is the address of the Exciter you want to test. The correct response is 00, followed by a number of messages between IP-2 and IP. If less messages are Configuration and Operation 5-11 Setting Up the Real Time Clock received, verify whether the UHF channel is jammed or replace the EXT95SC board. Note If you do not see the expected number of messages on your PC, (13-15 messages for an IPC site), see Chapter 7, Troubleshooting and check the following parameters:

DAR=Y; DCI=0, DRI=0 6. Repeat Steps 1 to 5 for each Exciter that is connected to the Reader. Setting Up the Real Time Clock You can set the Readers date and time by using the IUT parameter. For more information on setting up the Real Time Clock, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. Example For an IPC application, you should set the IUT parameter to GMT time. To set it, type:

IUT=YYMMDDhhmmZ<Enter>

where YYMMDDhhmm is the year, month, day, hour, and minute respectively. Configuring the Readers Application Parameters You can configure the Readers application parameters by setting the appropriate values for the parameters in the following groups:

Data buffering/reporting configuration (D)

Hardware configuration (H)

Tag data reading/excitation configuration (R)

Serial communication configuration (S) Instrument generic configuration (I) For example, for an IPC application, do the following:

1. Set the data filtration on the Reader, by typing:

DCI=10 <Enter>

DRI=30 <Enter>

2. Set the reported data format as ANS.1 format, by typing:

DHX=Y <Enter>

3. Set the Tag data character count, by typing:

RCC=5 <Enter>

4. Leave the default values for the other parameters. 5-12 Configuration and Operation Configuring the Readers Network Parameters Configuring the Readers Network Parameters To configure the Readers network parameters, do the following:

1. Set the reporting mode, by typing:

DAR=N<Enter>. 2. Set the Readers address, by typing:

IAD=r<Enter>

where r is the Readers address. The lowest value for this address is 1. For example, if there are 4 Readers in a network, they must be assigned the following addresses 1, 2, 3 and 4. Storing the Readers Configuration To store the Readers configuration, do the following:

1. Store the Readers parameters, by typing:

:CONFIG:STORE<Enter>

2. Reset the Reader, by typing:

:RESET<Enter>

Note The :CONFIG:STORE command stores the current Readers configuration in the non-

volatile memory. The :RESET command updates the contents of the working memory from the non-

volatile memory. 3. Check whether the Reader is operating properly, by typing:

@r IVN<Enter>

where r is the Readers address. The Reader must respond with its software version number. Configuration and Operation 5-13 Reader - Final Setup Reader - Final Setup To verify whether the Reader is responding, do the following:

1. Disconnect the PC from the Reader (See Figure 5-1 on page 5-2). 2. Set all jumpers (J1-J4) placed on the Motherboard MBD95 according to the type of communication line used for the network. For more information on communication lines used by the Reader R95, refer to Chapter 2, Reader R95 Installation and Connections. 3. Verify the connections between the Reader and the rest of the equipment (shorts, loose connections, etc.) 4. Close the Readers enclosure. 95 Series RFID System - Final Test IMPORTANT

These tests must be done after all Readers and the Main PC are connected to the network according to the site documentation. To communicate with the Reader, either use a terminal emulation program, such as HyperTerminal or Procomm in Windows95, or the dedicated service module of the application software running on the Main PC.

* All commands to the Reader must include the address field @r where r is the Readers address (an integer followed by a blank). You must repeat the following procedure for each Reader that is connected to the Main PC. For the final test, do the following:

1. Verify that the Reader is communicating with the Main PC, by typing:

@r IVN <Enter>

where r is the Readers address. The Reader must respond with the softwares version number. 2. Set up the Carrier Threshold for the Reader as follows:

a) Switch on the excitation field, by typing:

@r B <Enter>

b) Check the noise level, by typing:

@r HNL<Enter>

5-14 Configuration and Operation 95 Series RFID System - Final Test If there is no unwanted transmission on the UHF channel, the Reader must respond with a value lower than -95dBm for the HNL parameter. If not, refer to Setting Up the Carrier Threshold on page 5-9. c) Check and record the value for the existing Readers Carrier Threshold level, by typing:

@r HTL<Enter>

The Reader should respond with the value for this parameter. For example, HTL=95. d) If the HNL level measured in Step b is lower than -95dBm, set the Readers Carrier Threshold level again, by typing:

@r S<Enter>

or

@r :CONFIG:THRESHOLD<Enter>

The Carrier Threshold level setting is correct if the new HNL level displayed is smaller than or equal to the level displayed in Step c. If not, check for unwanted transmission on the UHF channel. You should also refer to Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 3. Verify that an Exciter that is controlled by a Reader communicates with the Main PC:

a) Delete all Tag records from the Readers buffer, by typing:

@r :DATA:PURGE<Enter>

b) Confirm that the Readers buffer is empty, by typing:

@r D<Enter>

or

@r :DATA:REPORT<Enter>

The Reader must report a Null value. Note For an IPC application, the data structure conforms to the ANS.1 standard. If the Readers buffer is empty, the Reader sends a Null value of $0500. In ASCII format, the Null value is { }. c) Switch on the LF field, by typing:

@r B<Enter>

d) Send a Test Exciter command, by typing:

@r :TEST:EXCITER k<Enter>

where r is the Readers address and k is the Exciters address. The correct Exciters response is 00. Configuration and Operation 5-15 95 Series RFID System - Final Test e) Check the received messages, by typing:

@r D<Enter>

or

@r :DATA:REPORT<Enter>

The Reader must respond with the oldest record sent by the Exciter ks Test-Tag, in the format set by the DHX parameter. For more information on this parameter, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. Note For an IPC application, the Readers Tag Record Buffer contains 13-15 identical messages sent by the Exciter ks Test Tag in ANS.1 format. To read all messages, you have to repeat the commands:

@r D<Enter>

@r E<Enter>

until you get the Null value $0500. f) Empty the Readers Tag record buffer, by typing:

@r :DATA:PURGE<Enter>

g) Confirm that the Readers buffer is empty, by typing:

@r D<Enter> or @r :DATA:REPORT<Enter>

The Reader must report the Null value ($0500) in ANS.1 format. 4. Repeat Step 3 for all Exciters controlled by the Reader r. 5. Repeat Steps 1 to 4 for all Readers that are connected to the same PC. 5-16 Configuration and Operation Setting Up the Programming Site Chapter 6 Programming and Testing the Transponder T95 This chapter explains how to setup a site and gives the procedure for programming the Transponders T95. This chapter does not, however, explain how to choose parameter values. For more information on configuring the Transponder 95, see the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. Setting Up the Programming Site Setup the programming site, as shown in Figure 6-1:

Power Supply 9Vac / 12 to 14Vdc DB9-Male POWER LED Programmer PGM95 RS232 Cable DB9-Female PC or Laptop Slot for T95 DATA LED Figure 6-1: Programming Site 1. Install Lyngsoes T95 Programming Software, Version 2.00 or later on your PC. For more information on the installation, see the Readme.txt on the installation diskette. 2. The recommended configuration for the PCs COM port is:

Data rate Data bits Parity Stop bits Flow control - none.

- 19200 bps

- 8 bits

- none

- 1 3. Set all Transponder T95 parameters using the procedure described in the Readme.txt file. Programming and Testing the Transponder T95 6-1 Programming Procedures 4. Power-up the Programmer PGM95 from an AC power supply 9Vac + 10%, 50/60 Hz, or a DC power supply 11 to 14 Vdc. The maximum power supply is 0.5A. Programming Procedures Using T95 Programming Software Using a Terminal Emulation Program Place the Transponder T95 inside the special slot of the PGM95, with the component side (battery side) down, and gently push it until it is inside the PGM95. To program the Transponder T95 using Lyngsoes T95 Programming Software, start the software on your PC and follow the programming instructions in the Readme.txt file. To use a terminal emulation program, do the following:

1. Open a terminal emulation program, such as Hyperterminal (Windows 95), on your PC. 2. Set the PCs COM configuration as described in the section Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection in Chapter 5. Use this procedure to set and control the communication between the PC and the Programmer PGM95 (PGM95 incorporates a Receiver CRM95). 3. Use the commands described in the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide to set the desired T95 configuration (Group W). 4. Program the T95 using the command: TAG: MATCH (shortcut M). Confidence Tester TCT95 The Confidence Tester TCT95 is designed to qualify Transponder T95 programmed with the IPC format, before they are seeded as probe letters into the mail-monitoring process. For more information on the Confidence Tester TCT95, see the Confidence Tester TCT95 Users Guide. 6-2 Programming and Testing the Transponder T95 Preventive Maintenance Chapter 7 Troubleshooting This chapter describes maintenance and troubleshooting procedures that you must follow when using the 95 Series RFID System. These procedures complete the troubleshooting information given in Chapter 5, Configuration and Operation, for the initial system installation and configuration. Preventive Maintenance By using special commands, built-in Self Diagnostic circuits can check any part of the system and report an error code, if necessary. Depending on the error code received, the service technician will know the piece of hardware that is malfunctioning, and can immediately take corrective action to remedy the situation. All units have a warranty seal placed on their enclosures. Removal of this seal will void the warranty. General Guidelines Below is a list of some assumptions and guidelines:

1. The chapter assumes that repairs for any electronic assemblies are not made on site. Unless otherwise stated, if a specified condition cannot be met, the electronic assembly must replaced and returned to the manufacturer for repairs. 2. For a complete technical description of the 95 Series RFID System, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. For a detailed description of the commands and parameters used to configure or to control the 95 Series RFID System, refer to the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. 3. Information regarding the 95 Series RFID Systems configuration and operation is described in Chapter 5, Configuration and Operation. 4. The locations of the DATA LED, the POWER LED, and the RESET button are shown in Figure 5-1. 5. All the reference to commands are made assuming that the Readers address is 0. Troubleshooting 7-1 General Guidelines The following table describes several possible failures for the 95 Series RFID System, and the troubleshooting steps to correct them. Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution No communication with a Reader. Reader does not respond to any command. 1. Reader has an incorrect address. 2. Faulty communication line between the Reader and PC. 1. Check whether the Reader responds to commands using different addresses, by typing the following:

@1 IVN<Enter>, @2 IVN<Enter>,

@3 IVN<Enter>. When a correct address is sent, the Reader will respond with its version number. 2. If, by using a specific address, you are able to communicate with Reader, use this address or change the address to another value. 3. If after checking all possible addresses (up to 31), you still cannot communicate with the Reader, check Probable Cause 2. 1. Open the Readers enclosure and connect the PC directly to the Reader using the RS-232 communication line. See Connecting the RS-232 Communication Line on page 2-2. 2. Switch off the Readers power supply for at least 5 seconds, then perform the steps in the Readers Power-up Sequence on page 5-3. 3. If the Reader performs the power-on test successfully, press the RESET button once. Check whether the DATA LED starts flashing at the rate of 2 Hz. 4. Press the RESET button again. Check whether the DATA LED stops flashing. 5. Check whether the Reader is responding to local commands by typing: @r IVN, and pressing

<Enter>, where r is the Readers address. The Reader must respond with its version number. 7-2 Troubleshooting Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution General Guidelines 3. Reader lost its System Code Identification number and other configuration parameters. 6. If you are able to communicate with the Reader from the local PC, check the integrity of the communication line between the Reader and the PC. 7. After fixing the communication lines integrity, reconfigure the 95 Series RFID System and check whether the Reader can communicate with the PC. 8. If you cannot communicate with the Reader (Step 5), check Probable Cause 3. 1. Open the Readers enclosure and connect the PC directly to the Reader using the RS-232 communication line. See Connecting the RS-232 Communication Line on page 2-2. 2. Switch off the Readers power supply for at least 5 seconds, then perform the steps in the Readers Power-up Sequence on page 5-3. 3. If the power-on test is successful, the DATA LED should start flashing continuously at the rate of 1.4 Hz. 4. Check the System Code number by typing: ISC, and pressing <Enter>. If the Reader responds with ISC =

0, setup the Readers System code again by typing: ISC = your SC, and pressing <Enter>. 5. If the Reader restored one of its parameters to the default value, all other parameters are also reset to their default values. Check and reset all the application- specific parameters to their original values. 6. Check the HV0 and HV1 parameter values. If these parameters have default values 73 and 105 respectively, you must set them again using the correct values from Lyngsoes database. Troubleshooting 7-3 General Guidelines Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution 7. Store the Readers configuration by following the steps in the section, Storing the Readers Configuration on page 5-13. Note The HV0 and HV1 parameters are set at the factory during the adjusting procedure and recorded for each Reader. If you know the Readers serial number, Lyngsoe can supply you with the values. 1. Check whether the Reader is receiving information that has been accidentally transmitted from other Transponders in its vicinity. If you eliminate the unwanted transmission, the DATA LED will stop flickering. 2. Check whether an Exciters Test Tag is transmitting accidentally. Switch off the power supply of all Exciters surrounding the Reader and monitor the DATA LED. If the DATA LED stops flickering, the unwanted transmission originated in one of the Exciters. 3. Run the procedure, 95 Series RFID System - Final Test on page 5-14. Step 2 - Set up the Carrier Threshold for the Reader. 4. If the Reader reports a channel noise level below -95dBm, but you are still not receiving the Transponders messages, check the noise level reported by the Reader with and without UHF antennas connected. If the noise level is identical or varies slightly (1 dBm), replace the Reader. 5. If the Reader reports a noise level

(HNL) above -95 dBm, the unwanted transmission is on the UHF channel. For procedures on eliminating the unwanted transmission, refer to Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. Reader does not record the Transponders messages. An improper carrier threshold was set, or there is an unwanted transmission on the UHF channel. After the power-on test is finished, the sign-on message is displayed on the PC, but the DATA LED is flashing continuously at a random rate. 7-4 Troubleshooting Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution General Guidelines The configurations of the Transponder and the Reader do not match. 1. Using a Test Transponder TST95 that has been programmed for your application, test the Readers receiving capability. After the power-on test is finished, the sign-on message is displayed on the PC, and the DATA LED is flashing only when a Transponder is activated. 2. If you can receive transmitted messages from the TST95, the Transponders are either not correctly configured for your application, or they are out of specifications. Reprogram the Transponders and check whether the Reader can receive messages. 3. If you cannot receive transmitted messages from the TST95, the Reader has an incorrect configuration. Go to Steps 4 and 5. 4. Check whether the DAR parameter and the Group R parameters are set according to the applications specifications. 5. With this new set of parameters, check whether the Reader can receive transmitted messages from the TST95. If the Reader can receive the messages, save its configuration, by typing the following commands and pressing <Enter> after each command: :CONFIG:STORE,

:RESET. 1. Run the procedure, 95 Series RFID System - Final Test on page 5-14. Step 2 - Set up the Carrier Threshold for the Reader. 2. If the Reader reports a channel noise level below -95dBm, but you are still not receiving the Transponders messages, check the noise level reported by the Reader with and without connected UHF antennas. If the noise level is identical or varies slightly (1 dBm), replace the Reader. 3. Check the HNL and RSS parameter values. Troubleshooting 7-5 The carrier threshold value is too high. After the power-on test is finished, the sign-on message is displayed on the PC, but the DATA LED is not flashing when a Transponder is activated. General Guidelines Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution 4. If the value of (HNL + RSS) is higher than -85dBm, there is either an unwanted transmission on the UHF channel, or the value of the RSS parameter is too high. The value for the RSS parameter must be between 10 and 20. 5. Check whether there are Transponders or an Exciters Test Tag in the immediate vicinity that transmit messages accidentally. 6. Run the procedure, Setting Up the Carrier Threshold again, and monitor the value for the HNL parameter after each setup. 7. For procedures on eliminating the unwanted transmission, refer to Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. 1. Run the procedure, 95 Series RFID System - Final Test on page 5-14. Step 2 - Set up the Carrier Threshold for the Reader. 2. If you observe a random variation of noise and interference on the UHF channel, either increase the value of the RSS parameter, or set the HTL parameter to a higher value than the one that was automatically set by the Reader. 3. If the receiving zone is too small after you set a higher carrier threshold, follow the setup guidelines recommended in Chapter 4, Setup Guidelines in the 95 Series RFID System Technical Guide. Note A UHF channel is subject to random noise and interference. The Reader disregards the messages with data errors. For an optimal channel, free of interference and industrial noise, the Reader must be able to receive all messages transmitted by a single Transponder placed in its reading Reader does not record all transmitted messages. Reader does not record all transmitted messages by the Transponder. The receiving zone is too small because of either a high carrier threshold, or there is random interference on the UHF channel. 7-6 Troubleshooting Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution General Guidelines range. When using multiple Transponders, some messages are lost due to the inherent collision between them. Test tag was incorrectly programmed. 1. Query the Test Tag programming parameters using

:TAG:QUERY:EXCITER k. 2. Check the value of all group T parameters. 3. Correct the values using the group W parameters. 4. Reprogram the Test TAg using the command :TAG:MATCH:EXCITER k. Test tag was incorrectly programmed. 1. Query the Test Tag programming parameters using

:TAG:QUERY:EXCITER k. DATA LED is flickering, the Readers Tag Record Buffer contains messages from the Test Tag. Time-out error.

(At the command

:TEST:EXCITER k, the response is 00, but the Main PC does not receive a message, or a correct message from the Test Tag of the Exciter k after a predetermined period of time). DATA LED is flickering, but the Readers Tag Record Buffer is empty. DATA LED is not flickering Exciters Test Tag is placed beyond the limits of the receiving zone, or there is a random interference on the UHF channel, or the Test Tag is out of specifications. 2. Check the value of all group T parameters. 3. Correct the values using the group W parameters. 4. Reprogram the Test Tag using the command :TAG:MATCH:EXCITER k. 1. Run the procedure, 95 Series RFID System - Final Test on page 5-14. Step 2 - Set up the Carrier Threshold for the Reader. 2. Check the RF level of the messages received from the Test Tag; it must be higher than (RSS+HNL+3)dBm, that means 3dB above the carrier threshold value. Note The Reader reports the RF level of the received message only if the parameter DLI=Y. 3. If the RF level of the Test Tags received messages is lower than

-85dBm, either reposition the Reader or Exciter, or use a higher gain UHF antenna for the Reader. Troubleshooting 7-7 General Guidelines Problem Symptom Probable Cause Solution Excitation field generated by the Exciter is below Specifications. LF Transmitter Output is low

(VTAP< 80 Vpp). The LF antenna loop has a loose connection, or the LF antenna is detuned by a metallic object. 1. Check whether the LF antenna wires are connected to the terminal block (See LF Antenna Connections on page 3-3). 2. Check the 3-wire connection between the LF antenna terminal block and the EXT95SC assembly

(terminal block TB2). 3. Check whether the recommended setup guidelines for the Exciters location are met. Pay special attention to metallic surfaces surrounding the Exciter, short-

circuit loops, and the spacing between adjacent Exciters. 1. Check the power cable and the communication cable between the Reader and the Exciter. 2. Check the Exciters address setting. 3. Check the LF Transmitters output.

(See LF Antenna Connections on page 3-3). 1. Check the Exciters TAP voltage.

(See LF Transmitter Output on page 5-6). 2. Reposition the E95 frames to minimize the unwanted modulation;

the amplitude of VTAPmin> 60 Vpp. The Exciter responds with C9 at the Self-

Diagnostic Procedure. Exciter k responds with C9 at the command:

:TEST:EXCITER k sent by the Main PC (k is the Exciters address). A faulty Exciter or a loose connection in the power cable or communication cable between the Reader and the Exciter. A large magnetic coupling between 2 adjacent Exciter E95 frames The LF antenna is detuned by metallic objects that are in close proximity. 1. Check the Exciters VTAP. 2. Reposition the E95 frames to minimize the detuning;

the amplitude of VTAP> 80 Vpp. 7-8 Troubleshooting Transponder T95C Appendix A Specifications This appendix gives technical specifications for the Transponder T95, the Reader R95, the Exciter E95, and the AC Source TRM95. It also gives information on system performances and special features. Transponder T95C LF Receiver

Configuration: Direct detection for 125.0 kHz signals modulated On/Off (OOK) with 610 Hz.

Carrier Frequency (125.0 kHz) Bandwidth @3dB:12 to 18 kHz.

Modulation Frequency (600 kHz) Bandwidth @ 3dBm: 80 to 200 Hz.

Sensitivity: better than H = 10mA/m[80 dBA/m] or B=12.6nT in specific test conditions. UHF Transmitter

Carrier Frequency, nominal: 433.92 MHz 50 kHz, stabilized by a SAW resonator.

Carrier Frequency, max. variation: 100 kHz, temperature and aging

Modulation Type: Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK).

Total Frequency Deviation, nominal: 15 3 kHz.

Total Frequency Deviation, max. variation: 8 to 40 kHz.

Radiated Power (ERP): less than 10 W.

Data Rate: 19.2 or 38.4 kbps. Excitation Signal The Transponder is only awaken by signals accepted by the LF Receiver that have a duration of at least 50ms. Programming

Mode: optical.

Data Rate: 1.2 kbps.

Parameters: see the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. Writing and Transmitting Data Asynchronous, NRZ, using a specially developed protocol. Message Format For more information, see Appendix B, Transponder T95 Messages. Power Supply 3 V/150 mAh, lithium cell battery. Specifications A-1 Reader R95 Power Consumption Transponder Lifetime Environmental Operation Temperature Storage Temperature Relative Humidity Maximum 3 A in sleep mode; 2.5mA in transmission mode. More than 5 years under normal use (1000 transmission/year).

- 20C to +55C.

- 40C to +70C. Maximum 95%, non-condensing at +40C Mechanical

Dimensions, max Length: 143.0 mm Width: 107 mm Height: max. 2.8 mm

Weight: max 12 g

Survives at least 1000 times through the automatic mail sorting machine. Approvals Approved under I-ETS 300 220, I-ETS 300 330, RS-210 and FCC Part 15. Reader R95 Configuration Superheterodyne receiver for 433.92 MHz signals modulated FSK. Sensitivity Better than -105 dBm at 12 dB SINAD for 1 kHz modulation and 15 kHz total deviation. Successful Message Ratio

(Throughput) Better than 98% for any of the following conditions:

RF Input Signal: -90 dBm to -10 dBm

Frequency Range: 433.92 MHz 75 kHz.

Total Frequency Deviation: 7 to 45 kHz.

Data Rate: 19.2, or 38.4 kbps. Object Sensor Input

Voltage limits: -0.5 to 5.5V

Current: max 50A Relay Driving Capabilities

Max. Switching Current: 1A

Max. Switched Voltage: 150Vdc or 300Vac

Max. Switched Power: 30 W or 60 VA

UL Rating: 1A @ 30Vdc 0.5A @ 120Vdc A-2 Specifications Additional Features Reader R95

RF antenna diversity.

RF input signal level measurement. This information is attached to every received message.

Programmable carrier threshold. Only input RF signals above this threshold are processed.

Real time clock: a time stamp (Month/Day/Hour/Minute) can be added to every received message.

Reads data with or without error checking and encryption in hexadecimal or ASCII format.

Received messages can be filtrated by time, RF signal level, system code, and data content.

Stores over 50 kbytes of received messages in an internal buffer.

Interfaces with a PC through the RS-232 or RS-485 interface. The RS-485 can be configured for half-duplex (2 wires) or full-duplex (4 wires).

Controls up to 15 Exciters E95 through a dedicated RS-485 interface.

Readers firmware can be upgraded using the serial interface. Power Supply 12Vac 10%, 50/60 Hz, or 13 to 16 Vdc. Power Consumption Environmental Operation Temperature Storage Temperature Relative Humidity Maximum 0.3 A.

- 20C to +55C.

- 40C to +70C. Maximum 95%, non-condensing at +40C. Mechanical

Dimensions (without UHF antennas) Length: 250 5 mm Width: 210 5 mm Height: 100 5 mm

Weight: max 4 kg Approvals Approved under I-ETS 300-220, I-ETS 300-330, RS-210 and FCC Part 15. Specifications A-3 Exciter E95 Exciter E95 LF Transmitter

Carrier Frequency: 125.0 kHz, quartz crystal generated.

Modulation type: On/Off Keying (OOK).

Modulation Frequency: 600 10 Hz.

Carrier and modulation frequency tolerance: 50 ppm ( 6.6 kHz).

Carrier and modulation frequency stability: better than 100 ppm ( 13.2 kHz) over the temperature range.

Carrier and modulation frequency aging: maximum 3 ppm/year (0.4 Hz/year).

Maximum radiated E-field at 10 m: 105 6 dB V/m. Additional Features

Exciter E95 incorporates a UHF transmitter that simulates the Transponder T95 to check the Readers capability.

Test Transponder can be programmed and activated from the main PC.

Self diagnostic for LF-Transmitter output level.

Self diagnostic for power supply voltage level.

Output relay driving

Input Object Sensor Power Supply 22 Vac 10%, 50/60 Hz; or 23 - 28 Vdc. Power Consumption Environmental Operation Temperature Storage Temperature Relative Humidity Maximum 0.5 A.

- 20C to +55C.

- 40C to +70C. Maximum 95%, non-condensing at +40C. Mechanical

Dimensions Length: 2060 10 mm Width: 1000 10 mm Height: 75 5 mm

Weight: max 5.5 kg A-4 Specifications Approvals Approved under I-ETS 300 330, I-ETS 300 220, RSS-210 and FCC Part 15. Power Supply TRM95 Power Supply TRM95 Input

AC line voltage:120Vac - model TRM95/120V 230Vac - model TRM95/230V

Ratings: Model TRM95/120V - 0.7A, 60 Hz Model TRM95/230V - 0.35A, 50 Hz

Voltage tolerance: 10%

Fusing: Type T (Slo-Blo), 5x20mm; 1A for TRM95/120V; 0.5A for TRM95/230V Output

Dual: 12 Vac/1A, 22Vac/2A

Frequency: 50/60Hz

Voltage tolerance: 10%

Environmental Operation Temperature Storage Temperature Relative Humidity

- 30C to +50C.

- 40C to +70C. Maximum 95%, non-condensing at +40C. Mechanical

Dimensions Length: 300 5 mm Width: 168 5 mm Height: 132 5 mm Approvals Approved under CSA, UL, and CE. System Performance Excitation Range Larger than 4.0 m in open space conditions. Reading Range Larger than 20.0 m in open space conditions. Identification Capability Transponders can be identified (excited and recorded) when they are placed inside standard mail trays and bags, or collated on rollercages when they are moving through the RFID system at the normal operational speed (less than 5 m/s). Specifications A-5 System Performance Readers can simultaneously identify up to 15 Transponders present in the excitation field. The level of accuracy is greater than 95%. System Capacity Up to 31 Readers R95 can be connected through the RS-485 interface to the main PC. Self Testing Capabilities Object Sensor Monitoring Driving Output Up to 15 Exciters E95 can be controlled by any Reader R95. More Exciters E95 can be used to generate a specific shape for the excitation gate. At the request of the main computer, the RFID System automatically reports the status of the LF excitation field generated by each Exciter E95, and the receiving capability of each Reader R95. An external object sensor device can switch the excitation field On and Off. A Single Pole Double Throw (SPDT) relay contact is available to drive external devices. The relay is activated each time the Reader receives a correct message. A-6 Specifications Message Format Appendix B Transponder T95 Messages Message Format Each message has the following format where:

Prmbl Sync Start SC UD CRC Flag Key

= 0.7 ms continue 1.

= a string of 10 bits of 0101010101; transmitted only if SM=Y.

= a string of 13 bits 0101010000111; transmitted only if SM=Y.

= 2 bytes system code; transmitted only if TS=Y.

= user definable data; number of bytes is set by CC (1 to 32).

= 2 bytes CRC; transmitted only if EC=Y.

= 2 bytes message flags; transmitted only if TF=Y. It has 1 byte if HF=N and 2 bytes if HF=Y.

= 1 byte message key; transmitted only if EN=Y. T95 Parameters The parameters that control the message transmission for T95 are shown in the table below:

Parameter Range Description DR EC EN HF ID IP LT RC RS SD SM TF TS 3,4 Y/N Y/N Y/N 0...200 1...200 Y/N 0...255 0...255 1...220 Y/N Y/N Y/N Data rate; DR3 = 19.2 kbps, DR4= 38.4 kbps Standard error check transmitted Data encryption available Flags in hexadecimal Initial delay Initial number of messages transmitted after a valid execution Limit repeated transmissions Number of extra messages transmitted after IP during a continuous excitation Random seed Subsequent delay Synchronous preamble transmitted Transmit Flags Transmit System Code Total Transmission Time After a valid excitation, the T95 transmits the initial number of messages defined by the IP parameter, followed by an extra number of messages (up to the RC) for as long as the excitation exists. Then it goes to sleep. There is a random delay called InterMsgDelay that occurs between two consecutive messages. This is implemented to ensure that the delay time does not repeat itself before 32 messages have occurred. Transponder T95 Messages B-1 Message Format The following is the method of evaluating the maximum transmission time for the T95:

Number of bytes per message: TXBytes = SC + UD + CRC + Flag + Key Number of bits per byte: BitsPerByte = 12 for DR4, and = 11 for DR3 Number of bits per message: TXBits = Sync + BitsPerByte*TXBytes Bit duration: BitLen = 1/DR Message length: MsLen = 0.0007 +TXBit*BitLen Intermessage constant: InterMsgUnit =

(UD + Flag)*0.0003066, for DR4;

(UD + Flag)*0.0005657), for DR3 Intermessage delay: InterMsgDelay = [SD +RND(031)]*InterMsgUnit;

(RND - random value) Maximum number of transmitted messages: NM = IP +RC; if LT = N Total transmission time: TXTime = NM (MsLen +(NM-1) (InterMsgDelay) The following tables present the maximum number of messages (NM) that can be transmitted in five seconds, using different sets of parameters for the T95. B-2 Transponder T95 Messages DR= 4 CC T r a n s p o n d e r T 9 5 M e s s a g e s B

3 SM = Y, TF = Y, HF = Y, TS = Y, EC = Y, EN = Y SD 1 7 5 3 9 11 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 29 31 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 1 261 236 220 202 192 175 167 158 147 140 134 130 122 116 111 107 104 101 98 94 90 87 84 82 79 77 75 73 72 70 69 67 66 65 62 61 59 58 57 55 54 53 52 51 50 49 2 201 183 168 157 143 136 130 119 112 107 102 99 94 88 84 81 78 75 73 71 69 67 65 64 60 58 57 55 53 52 51 49 48 47 46 45 44 43 43 42 41 40 40 39 38 38 86 81 77 74 72 69 67 65 61 59 56 54 52 51 49 48 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 39 38 37 36 36 35 34 34 33 33 31 31 30 3 165 148 137 129 116 108 103 99 92 4 138 129 113 106 100 93 85 80 76 72 69 67 65 60 57 54 52 50 48 47 45 44 43 41 40 39 38 37 37 36 35 34 34 33 32 31 30 29 28 28 27 27 26 26 25 25 65 59 55 53 50 48 46 45 43 42 40 39 38 37 36 35 35 34 33 31 30 29 29 28 27 26 26 25 25 24 23 23 22 22 22 21 21 5 118 107 101 92 83 78 73 70 67 53 50 48 46 44 42 41 40 38 37 36 35 34 33 33 31 30 29 28 27 26 25 25 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 19 18 18 6 104 98 86 78 74 70 67 62 57 47 45 43 41 40 38 37 36 35 34 33 31 30 29 27 27 26 25 24 23 23 22 22 21 20 20 20 19 19 18 18 18 17 17 17 16 16 97 83 76 71 68 65 57 53 50 7 43 41 39 38 36 35 34 33 31 30 28 27 26 25 24 23 23 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 82 75 70 66 60 54 50 47 45 8 75 70 66 58 52 49 46 43 41 39 38 36 35 34 33 30 29 27 26 25 24 23 22 22 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 17 16 16 15 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 9 37 35 34 33 30 29 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 10 71 66 58 52 48 45 42 40 38 35 33 31 29 27 26 24 23 22 21 21 20 19 19 18 17 17 17 16 16 15 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 67 59 52 47 44 42 39 38 36 11 33 30 28 26 25 23 22 21 20 20 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 12 65 52 47 44 41 39 37 36 34 29 27 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 17 16 16 15 15 15 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 10 13 54 48 44 41 39 37 36 34 33 14 50 45 42 39 37 36 34 33 29 27 25 23 22 21 20 19 18 18 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 24 23 22 20 19 19 18 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 15 47 43 40 38 36 34 33 29 26 23 21 20 19 18 17 17 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 16 44 41 38 36 34 33 29 26 24 21 20 19 18 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 17 42 39 37 35 33 30 26 24 22 20 19 18 17 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 18 40 38 36 34 31 27 24 23 21 19 39 37 35 33 28 25 23 21 20 19 18 17 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 18 17 16 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 20 38 36 34 30 26 23 21 20 19 17 16 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 21 37 35 33 27 24 22 20 19 18 16 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 22 36 34 29 25 22 20 19 18 17 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 23 35 33 27 23 21 19 18 17 16 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 24 34 30 25 22 20 18 17 16 15 14 14 13 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 11 14 13 13 12 12 11 25 33 27 23 21 19 18 16 15 15 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 11 13 13 12 12 11 26 33 25 22 20 18 17 16 15 14 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 10 10 10 11 13 12 12 11 27 30 24 21 19 17 16 15 14 13 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 10 10 10 11 12 12 11 28 27 22 20 18 17 15 14 14 13 29 25 21 19 17 16 15 14 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 11 30 23 20 18 16 15 14 13 13 12 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 8 9 9 9 10 10 11 11 31 22 19 17 16 15 14 13 12 12 32 21 18 17 15 14 13 13 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 Maximum allowable number of messages ( IP + RC ) that can be transmitted in 5 seconds M e s s a g e F o r m a t B

4 T r a n s p o n d e r T 9 5 M e s s a g e s DR= 3 CC SM = Y, TF = Y, HF = Y, TS = Y, EC = Y, EN = Y M e s s a g e F o r m a t SD 1 7 5 3 9 1 140 131 117 109 103 77 2 107 100 65 3 87 78 51 4 73 68 5 66 57 44 39 6 54 48 36 7 47 43 34 8 43 40 29 9 40 37 10 37 35 25 22 36 34 11 20 12 34 30 18 13 33 25 17 14 27 23 15 24 20 16 14 16 21 19 14 17 19 17 13 18 18 16 12 19 17 15 20 16 14 12 11 21 15 14 10 22 14 13 10 23 13 12 10 24 13 12 25 12 11 9 9 26 12 11 9 10 27 11 8 28 11 10 8 29 10 10 30 10 9 8 7 9 31 10 9 9 7 32 82 69 56 47 41 38 35 33 29 25 22 20 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 12 11 11 10 10 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 91 73 65 51 44 40 37 35 33 29 25 22 20 18 17 16 15 14 13 13 12 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 8 8 13 15 11 98 90 84 73 69 66 59 54 50 47 45 42 41 39 37 37 36 34 34 33 29 31 27 25 26 24 22 23 21 19 20 19 18 18 17 16 17 16 15 16 15 14 15 14 13 14 13 12 13 12 11 11 12 11 11 11 10 11 10 10 9 10 10 9 9 10 9 9 9 8 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 8 8 7 7 8 7 7 8 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 7 6 17 79 62 48 40 36 33 27 23 20 18 17 15 14 13 12 12 11 10 10 9 9 9 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 19 75 57 45 39 35 29 25 22 19 17 16 14 13 12 12 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 21 23 25 27 29 72 70 67 65 61 54 51 49 47 45 43 41 40 38 37 37 36 35 33 32 33 31 29 27 26 27 26 24 23 22 23 22 21 20 19 20 19 18 18 17 18 17 16 16 15 16 16 15 14 14 15 14 14 13 13 14 13 13 12 12 11 13 12 12 11 11 12 11 11 10 11 11 10 10 10 9 10 10 10 9 9 10 10 8 9 9 9 8 8 9 9 9 8 8 7 7 8 8 8 7 7 8 8 6 7 7 7 6 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 7 6 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 5 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 5 5 5 9 9 8 8 8 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 31 58 43 36 30 24 21 18 16 14 13 12 11 10 10 9 9 8 8 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 33 35 37 39 41 43 45 47 49 51 53 55 57 59 61 63 65 67 69 71 73 75 77 79 81 83 85 87 89 91 55 53 51 49 48 46 45 44 43 42 41 40 39 38 37 36 36 35 34 34 33 32 31 30 29 29 28 28 27 26 42 41 39 38 37 36 35 34 34 33 31 30 29 28 27 27 26 25 25 24 23 23 22 22 21 21 21 20 20 20 35 34 33 31 30 28 27 26 25 25 24 23 23 22 21 21 20 20 19 19 18 18 18 17 17 17 16 16 16 15 28 27 26 25 24 23 22 21 21 20 19 19 18 18 18 17 17 16 16 16 15 15 15 14 14 14 14 13 13 13 23 22 21 21 20 19 19 18 17 17 17 16 16 15 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 20 19 18 18 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 17 17 16 16 15 15 14 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 9 15 15 14 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 14 13 13 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 13 12 12 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 12 11 11 11 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 11 10 10 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 10 10 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 8 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 7 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Maximum allowable number of messages ( IP + RC ) that can be transmitted in 5 seconds RC+IP T r a n s p o n d e r T 9 5 M e s s a g e s B

5 DR = 4 SM = Y TF = Y HF = Y TS = Y EC = Y CC = 5 EN = Y SD 9 7 5 3 1 11 35 21 49 47 41 23 45 33 31 25 19 13 39 37 27 2.33 2.468 2.605 2.742 1.24 1.356 1.472 1.588 1.704 3.21 3.326 3.442 3.558 3.674 1.2 1.282 1.364 1.445 1.527 1.608 1.5 1.547 1.594 1.641 1.689 1.736 1.783 3.28 3.408 3.537 3.666 3.795 3.924 4.052 4.181 2.39 2.514 2.639 2.763 2.888 3.012 3.137 3.261 3.386 1.31 1.417 1.524 1.632 1.739 1.846 1.954 2.061 2.168 2.275 2.383 2.26 2.415 2.569 2.724 2.878 3.033 3.187 3.342 3.496 3.651 3.805 2.49 2.597 2.705 2.812 2.919 3.027 3.134 3.241 3.349 3.456 3.563 1.52 1.576 1.632 1.688 1.744 1.799 1.855 1.911 1.967 2.023 2.078 2.134 1.82 1.936 2.051 2.167 2.283 2.399 2.515 2.631 2.747 2.863 2.979 3.095 1.69 1.771 1.853 1.934 2.016 2.098 2.179 2.261 2.342 2.424 2.505 2.587 2.668 17 29 0.9 0.938 0.977 1.015 1.054 1.093 1.131 1.65 1.748 1.847 1.946 2.044 2.143 2.242 2.341 2.439 2.538 2.637 2.736 2.834 2.933 3.032 43 1.17 1.209 1.247 1.286 1.325 1.363 1.402 1.85 1.915 1.979 2.043 2.108 2.172 2.236 2.301 2.365 2.06 2.133 2.206 2.279 2.352 2.425 2.498 1.51 1.656 1.801 1.947 2.093 2.239 2.385 2.531 2.677 2.823 2.969 3.115 3.261 3.407 3.553 3.699 3.845 3.991 4.137 4.282 4.428 4.574 0.98 1.028 1.075 1.122 1.169 1.216 1.264 1.311 1.358 1.405 1.453 1.13 1.186 1.241 1.297 1.353 1.409 1.465 51 15 1.44 1.479 1.518 1.556 10 0.591 0.629 0.668 0.706 0.745 0.784 0.822 0.861 1.83 1.877 12 0.697 0.744 0.792 0.839 0.886 0.933 2.19 14 0.795 0.851 0.907 0.962 1.018 1.074 2.43 2.494 16 0.884 0.949 1.013 1.078 1.142 1.206 1.271 1.335 1.399 1.464 1.528 1.593 1.657 1.721 1.786 2.57 2.643 2.716 2.789 18 0.965 1.038 1.111 1.184 1.257 1.33 1.403 1.476 1.549 1.622 1.695 1.768 1.841 1.914 1.987 20 1.037 1.119 2.75 2.832 2.913 2.995 3.076 22 1.101 1.191 1.281 1.371 1.461 1.552 1.642 1.732 1.822 1.912 2.002 2.092 2.183 2.273 2.363 2.453 2.543 2.633 2.723 2.814 2.904 2.994 3.084 3.174 3.264 3.354 3.13 3.229 3.328 3.427 3.525 3.624 24 1.156 1.255 1.353 1.452 1.551 3.67 3.778 3.885 26 1.202 3.79 3.906 4.022 4.138 28 3.51 3.635 3.759 3.884 4.008 4.132 4.257 4.381 30 1.269 1.394 1.518 1.643 1.767 1.892 2.016 2.141 2.265 32 1.219 1.348 1.477 1.606 1.734 1.863 1.992 2.121 2.249 2.378 2.507 2.636 2.765 2.893 3.022 3.151 4.31 4.439 2.88 3.017 3.154 3.292 3.429 3.566 3.704 3.841 3.979 4.116 4.253 4.391 4.528 4.665 4.803 34 1.369 1.506 1.643 1.781 1.918 2.056 2.193 4.72 4.866 5.012 5.158 36 3.96 4.114 4.269 4.423 4.578 4.732 4.887 5.041 5.196 5.351 5.505 38 1.642 1.796 1.951 2.105 40 1.766 1.929 2.092 2.255 2.418 2.581 2.744 2.907 5.68 5.843 5.83 6.001 6.173 42 1.881 2.052 2.224 2.396 2.567 2.739 2.911 3.083 3.254 3.426 3.598 3.769 3.941 4.113 4.284 4.456 4.628 4.799 4.971 5.143 5.315 5.486 5.658 3.97 4.151 4.331 4.511 4.691 4.872 5.052 5.232 5.413 5.593 5.773 5.953 6.134 6.314 6.494 44 1.987 2.167 2.348 2.528 2.708 2.889 3.069 3.249 3.429 46 2.085 2.274 2.463 2.652 2.841 3.029 3.218 3.407 3.596 3.785 3.974 4.163 4.352 6.24 6.429 6.618 6.807 48 2.174 2.372 2.569 2.767 2.964 3.162 3.359 3.557 3.754 3.952 4.149 4.346 4.544 4.741 4.939 5.136 5.334 5.531 5.729 5.926 6.123 6.321 6.518 6.716 6.913 7.111 7.2 7.406 50 2.255 2.461 2.667 2.873 3.079 3.285 3.491 3.697 3.904 7.88 8.107 55 5.02 5.269 5.518 5.767 6.016 6.265 6.514 6.763 7.012 7.261 7.509 7.758 8.007 8.256 8.505 8.754 60 4.98 5.246 5.513 5.779 6.045 6.311 6.577 6.843 7.109 7.376 7.642 7.908 8.174 65 2.585 2.851 3.117 3.384 8.44 8.706 8.972 9.238 5.52 5.808 6.095 6.383 6.671 6.958 7.246 7.533 7.821 8.109 8.396 8.684 8.971 9.259 9.547 9.834 10.12 70 2.932 3.22 3.507 3.795 4.082 8.17 8.479 8.788 9.097 9.406 9.715 10.02 10.33 10.64 10.95 75 3.225 3.534 3.843 4.152 4.461 80 3.465 3.795 4.126 4.456 4.787 5.117 5.448 5.778 6.109 6.439 11.4 11.73 5.41 5.762 6.114 6.466 6.818 12.1 12.45 3.65 4.002 4.354 4.706 5.058 85 5.65 6.023 6.397 90 3.783 4.156 4.529 4.903 5.276 12 12.37 12.75 13.12 9.39 9.785 10.18 10.57 10.97 11.36 11.76 12.15 12.55 12.94 13.34 13.73 95 3.861 4.256 4.651 5.046 5.441 5.836 6.23 6.625 11.1 11.51 11.92 12.33 12.74 13.16 13.57 13.98 14.39 100 8.74 9.173 9.607 10.04 10.47 10.91 11.34 11.77 12.21 12.64 13.08 13.51 13.94 14.38 14.81 15.24 105 4.404 4.838 5.271 5.705 6.139 6.572 7.006 7.439 7.873 8.306 12.4 12.86 13.31 13.77 14.22 14.68 15.13 15.59 16.04 110 4.665 115 4.873 5.349 5.826 6.302 6.778 7.255 7.731 8.208 8.684 9.161 9.637 10.11 10.59 11.07 11.54 12.02 14.4 14.88 15.35 15.83 16.31 16.78 12.5 12.99 13.49 13.99 14.49 14.98 15.48 15.98 16.48 16.98 17.47 120 5.026 5.524 6.022 11.5 125 5.126 5.646 6.165 6.684 7.204 7.723 8.243 8.762 9.281 9.801 10.32 10.84 11.36 11.88 12.4 12.92 13.44 13.96 14.48 14.99 15.51 16.03 16.55 17.07 17.59 18.11 3.65 3.916 4.182 4.448 4.714 4.37 4.658 4.945 5.233 4.77 5.079 5.388 5.698 6.007 6.316 6.625 6.934 7.243 7.552 7.861 7.1 7.431 7.761 8.092 8.422 8.753 9.083 9.414 9.744 10.07 10.41 10.74 11.07 8.93 9.282 9.634 9.986 10.34 10.69 11.04 11.39 11.75 2.42 2.647 2.875 3.102 2.53 2.779 3.028 3.277 3.526 3.775 4.024 4.273 4.522 4.771 3.56 3.723 3.886 4.049 4.212 4.375 4.538 4.702 4.865 5.028 5.191 5.354 5.517 6.15 6.562 6.974 7.386 7.798 8.211 8.623 9.035 9.447 9.859 10.27 10.68 6.77 7.17 7.522 7.874 8.226 8.578 6.17 6.376 6.582 6.788 6.994 6.97 7.197 7.425 7.652 4.54 4.729 4.918 5.107 5.296 5.485 5.674 5.862 6.051 7.89 8.264 8.637 9.011 9.384 9.758 10.13 6.77 7.144 7.517 7.02 7.415 9.67 10.13 10.58 11.04 11.49 11.95 5.14 5.346 5.552 5.758 5.964 4.11 4.316 4.522 4.728 4.934 6.52 7.018 7.516 8.014 8.512 4.09 4.502 4.914 5.326 5.738 5.15 5.377 5.605 5.832 6.06 6.287 6.515 6.742 12.5 12.97 13.45 13.93 3.33 3.557 3.785 4.012 4.24 4.467 4.695 4.922 10.5 10.88 11.25 11.62 9.01 9.508 10.01 3.07 3.234 3.397 6.94 7.395 8.76 9.215 7.81 8.205 6.03 6.485 7.85 8.305 5.12 5.575 8.6 8.995 3.61 3.79 10.5 12 11 Transmission Time, sec M e s s a g e F o r m a t Message Format This page intentionally left blank. B-6 Transponder T95 Messages Excitation Modes and Parameter Settings Appendix C Excitation Modes This appendix describes the various excitation modes (signal descriptions) and their associated parameter settings. Excitation Modes and Parameter Settings The table below lists the excitation modes and the associated parameter settings. Excitation Mode [Signal Description]

Parameter Settings Continuous DC Mode (DC)

[Continuous Unmodulated Carrier (131.5kHz))]

Continuous AC Mode (AC)

[Continuous Carrier (131.5kHz), modulated ON/OFF by 610 Hz.]

Alternating Mode (ACDC)

[AC mode for 0.2s, followed by DC mode for 0.2s, and NO signal for 0.1s. When a message is received, the existing excitation type is extended for 0.5 s, and the cycle starts again.]

Switching DC Mode (SMDC).

[Switching between DC mode for

*10ms, and NO signal for

*10ms.]

Switching AC Mode (SMAC).

[Switching between AC mode for

*10ms.]

*10ms, and NO signal for RCS =N; RES=N; REM=C; RET=D; HCC=x;

HCS=x; HE1=x; HE0=x RCS =N; RES=N; REM=C; RET=A; HCC=x;

HCS=x; HE1=x; HE0=x RCS =N; RES=N; REM=A; RET=x HCC=x;

HCS=x; HE1=x; HE0=x RCS =N; RES=Y; REM=C; RET=D; HCC=x;

HCS=x; HE1= ; HE0=

RCS =N; RES=Y; REM=C; RET=A; HCC=x;

HCS=x; HE1= ; HE0=

*s, then back to the SMDC mode.]

Conditional Switching DC Mode (CSDC).

[When a valid message is received, the SMDC mode is modified as follows: SMDC mode continues for

*s, followed by DC mode for Conditional Switching AC Mode (CSAC).

[When a valid message is received, the SMAC mode is modified as follows: SMAC mode continues for

*s, followed by AC mode for

*s, then back to the SMAC mode.]

RCS =Y; RES=Y; REM=C; RET=D; HCC= ;

HCS= ; HE1= ; HE0=

RCS =Y; RES=Y; REM=C; RET=A; HCC= ;

HCS= ; HE1= ; HE0=

Table C-1: Excitation Modes - Parameter Settings Note

(x) - can be anything. Excitation Modes C-1 Excitation Modes and Parameter Settings This page intentionally left blank. C-2 Excitation Modes Upgrading the Firmware Appendix D Reader Software Upgrade Procedure This appendix describes the procedures for upgrading the Reader R95 (P/N 600405) main software using the serial interface RS232 or RS485. This software controls the functionality of the Microcontroller placed on the Receiver assembly CRM95

(P/N 500056). This procedure refers particularly to the upgrading process for software version 1.68.02. Upgrading the Firmware Setting the Readers Address Upgrading the firmware involve the following steps:

1. Setting the Readers Address to 0 2. Saving parameters: HV0, HV1, ISC, ISN 3. Upgrading the firmware itself by using:

or a) The RS232 interface b) The RS485 interface: 4-wire communication line or 2-wire communication line 3. Restoring parameters: HV0, HV1, ISC, ISN 4. Setting the Readers Network Configuration 5. Final instructions To set the Readers address, do the following:

1. If the Reader already has an address, for example r, then set this address to 0 by typing the following commands:

@r IAD=0<Enter>

@r :CONFIG:STORE<Enter>

@r :RESET<Enter>

For more information, refer to Storing the Readers Configuration on page 5-13. 2. Check whether the Readers address is 0, by typing the following command:

IVN<Enter>

The Reader must respond with its software version number. If not, repeat Step 1. Reader Software Upgrade Procedure D-1 Upgrading the Firmware Saving Parameters Follow these steps:

1. Write down the values of the following parameters: HV0, HV1, ISC, ISN. Note To determine a parameters value, for example, HV1, type the following command:

HV1<Enter>

For example, the Reader responds:

HV1=125 where 125 is the parameter value. 2. If the Reader was already configured, write down all parameters whose values differ from the set default values. For more information, refer to Chapter 1, Quick Reference in the 95 Series RFID System Reference Guide. For example, for an IPC installation, write down the values for the following parameters: DCI, DRI, HTL, RCC, RSS. Using the RS232 Interface Follow these steps:

1. Connect your PC (COM port) to the Reader R95 (RS232 interface) using a standard RS232 cable. For more information, refer to Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection on page 5-2. 2. Start the upgrading procedure by typing the following command:

:CONFIG:FIRMWARE:LOAD<Enter>

or type the following shortcut:

F<Enter>

3. Start XMODEM, send protocol on the PC, and then send the new firmware file. Lyngsoe recommends having the new file on your hard drive and not on a floppy disk. 4. Wait until the transfer process is complete. If the 95 Series RFID System aborted the transfer process, repeat Step 2. 5. If the downloading process was successful, wait for the Reader to reset - it takes about 5-7 seconds. For more information on the Readers power-up sequence, refer to Readers Power-up Sequence on page 5-3. If the Reader did not reset properly and did not send a sign-on message, then switch the Readers power supply Off and then On. 6. To verify whether the upgrade process was successful, type the following command:

IVN<Enter>

D-2 Reader Software Upgrade Procedure The Reader must respond with the new firmware version number:

Upgrading the Firmware CRM95 V1.68.02, BUILT: 02/03/98 13:01:12 If not, repeat the procedure from Step 2. 7. If after completing Step 5, you still cannot communicate with the Reader, replace the Reader with another unit and return the faulty one to Lyngsoe. Using the RS485 Interface 4-wire Communication Line Using the RS485 Interface 2-wire Communication Line Follow these steps:

1. Connect your PC (COM port) to a Converter RS232/RS485. Connect the 4-wire communication line to the Converter (RS485 side). For more information on the communication line connection to the Reader, refer to Connecting the RS-485 Four-Wire Communication Line on page 2-4 and Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection on page 5-2. You can have a different assignment for the RS485 interface on the Converter side. Use the following conventions for the connections between the Reader R95 and the PC:

A TX+; B TX+;Y RX+; Z RX-. 2. To upgrade the Readers software, follow steps Steps 2 - 5 in Using the RS232 Interface above. Follow these steps:

1. Connect your PC (COM port) to a Converter RS232/RS485. Connect the 2-wire communication line to the Converter (RS485 side). For more information on the communication line connection to the Reader, refer to Connecting the RS-485 Two-Wire Communication Line on page 2-3 and Setting Up the Reader/PC Connection on page 5-2. You can have a different assignment for the RS485 interface on the Converter side. Use the following conventions for the connections between the Reader R95 and the PC:

A TX+; B TX+;

Or as an alternative:

Y RX+; Z RX-. Place the wire jumpers between terminal and RX- respectively. TX-

A Y, and B Z; and TX+

RX+

2. To control the RS485 interface on a 2-wire communication line, you must use the special software on the PC to allow hardware flow control. For example, Lingsos RS485 software to communicate with the Reader and Readerfw to upgrade the Readers software. For more information on the software, refer to the Lingso documentation. 3. To upgrade the Readers software, follow steps Steps 2 - 5 in Using the RS232 Interface above. Reader Software Upgrade Procedure D-3 Upgrading the Firmware Restoring Parameters Follow these steps:

1. Verify whether parameters were erased during the upgrade procedure, by typing:

ISC<Enter>

2. If the Reader responds with ISC=0 then the original parameter values were erased and they were set to their default values. 3. Reset the parameters HV0, HV1, ISC, ISN to their original values prior to the upgrade process. You recorded them during the Saving Parametersstep. Note a) Firmware V1.68.02 ignores leading zeros for integers. b) If the Reader was already configured on the site, you have to restore all application parameters queried during the Saving Parametersstep, or restart the configuration process as described in Chapter 5, Configuration and Operation. 3. Check the values of the new parameters that were introduced by this software version. For example, For an IPC installation, the following parameters must have the default values as follows:

Setting the Readers Network Configuration HCC=8, HCS=7, HE0=18, HE1=6, RCS=Y, RES=Y, SFC=N To set the Readers network configuration, do the following:

1. Set the Readers address to it initial value (see step 1 in Setting the Readers Address): by typing:

IAD=r<Enter>

2. Store the Readers parameters, by typing:

:CONFIG:STORE<Enter>

3. Reset the Reader, by typing:

:RESET<Enter>

4. Verify that the Reader is functioning properly, by typing:

@r IVN<Enter>

where r is the Readers address. The Reader must respond with its software version number. 5. Verify that the parameters set in the following sections are correct:

Steps 2 and 3 from the section, Restoring Parameters above.

Step 1 in this section. D-4 Reader Software Upgrade Procedure Final Instructions 1. You must repeat this procedure for each Reader R95 that is installed on the site. Upgrading the Firmware 2. Lyngsoe recommends using the RS232 or RS485 4-wire communication line to upgrade the Readers software (these are more reliable communication links). 3. For more information on the Readers R95 configuration, see Chapter 5, Configuration and Operation. Reader Software Upgrade Procedure D-5 Upgrading the Firmware This page intentionally left blank. D-6 Reader Software Upgrade Procedure Glossary Glossary a.c. (ac) Alternating current. ASCII (American Standard Code for Information Interchange) A system used to represent alphanumeric data; a 7-bit-plus-parity character set established by ANSI and used for data communications and data processing. Bit A binary digit; the smallest unit of data in the binary counting system, A bit has a value of either 0 or 1. Byte A group of eight bits that represent one data character. Carrier A signal that is modulated by a message signal to allow communication. Channel A communication path between a transmission source and receiver. CMOS See Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor. Complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) A technology that combines the electrical properties of n-type semiconductors and p-type semiconductors. Cut-off frequency Frequency at which a circuit output falls to a specified fraction (usually half) of the maximum. dB Decibel. Dimensionless unit expressing the ratio of two powers, voltages or currents. d.c. (dc) Direct current. Duplex Simultaneous operation of both channels of a communication link. EEPROM Electrically erasable programmable read only memory. FM See Frequency modulation. Glossary G-1 Glossary Frequency Modulation (FM) Modulation by varying the frequency of a fixed-amplitude carrier signal in accordance with an information signal. Contrast with amplitude modulation (AM). Frequency-Shift Keying (FSK) Frequency modulation of a carrier by a digital modulating signal. FSK See Frequency-shift keying. LED See light emitting diode. LF Abbreviation for low frequency band-30 to 300 kHz. Light-emitting diode (LED) A unit that accepts electrical impulses and converts them into a light signal. OOK On/Off Keying. PCB Printed circuit board. PEROM Programmable and erasable read only memory. RAM See Random Access Memory. Random Access Memory (RAM) Semiconductor-based memory that can be read and written by the microprocessor or other hardware devices. (Generally referred to as volatile memory that can be written or read.) Read Only Memory (ROM) Semiconductor-based memory that contains instruction or data that can be read but not modifies.

(Generally, the term ROM often means any read-only device.) RFID Radio Frequency Identification. ROM See Read Only Memory. Rx Receiver. SRAM Static Read Only Memory. G-2 Glossary Tx Transmitter. UHF Ultra High Frequency band - 30 to 300 MHz. C Microcontroller. Glossary Glossary G-3 Glossary This page intentionally left blank. G-4 Glossary A AC Source TRM95 A-5 C configuration principles Configuring Readers application parameters 1-31-5 5-12 D description reading points response signal Transponders E excitation modes Exciter assembling the LF antenna connecting the power supply connecting the RS-485 communication lines installing LF antenna connections setting up addresses setting up the test-tag tools required UHF tranmsitter Exciter address Exciters hardware specifications G general rules H 1-2 1-2 1-2 C-1 3-2 3-5 3-3 3-1 3-3 5-5 5-11 3-1 3-6 1-5 A-4 1-3 hardware specifications A-1 Index Index Index I-1 5-3 5-6 i i i B-1 C-1 B-1 1-3 1-3 1-2 4-1 6-1 2-1 2-1 5-4 5-8 5-12 5-13 2-9 2-6 2-7 2-2 2-3 2-4 L learning procedure LF transmitter output M manual definitions summary text conventions message format Transponder P parameter settings parameters Transponder Postal RFID System components descripiton using Power Supply tools required programming site setting up R Reader assembling checking parameters configuring configuring application parameters configuring the network parameters connecting external devices connecting the Exciter communication line connecting the power supply connecting the RS-232 communication line connecting the RS-485 2-wire communication line connecting the RS-485 4-wire communication line Index power-up sequence resetting storing the configuration reader address Reader data handling Reader serial port Readers communicating with Transponders hardware specifications system performance reading points description real time clock related manuals response signal description RFID System 5-3 5-4 5-13 1-4 1-4 1-4 1-2 A-2 A-5 1-2 1-4 ii 1-2 U 1-4 D-1 UHF data receiving upgrade procedures upgrading the firmware upgrading procedures final instructions D-5 restoring parameters D-4 saving parameters D-2 setting the Readers address D-1 setting the Readers network configuration using the RS232 Interface using the RS485 Interface D-4 D-2 D-3 configuring self testing capabilities 5-15-16 A-6 S setting up carrier threshold setting up the Reader/PC connection setting up the Real Time Clock system code system performance Readers Transponders 5-9 5-2 5-12 1-4 A-5 A-5 T 5-14 ii B-1 B-1 6-16-2 6-2 1-1 testing System 95 text conventions Transponder message format parameters programming programming procedure Transponder Identification System purpose Transponders communicating with Readers 1-2 decription 1-2 examples 1-2 hardware specifications A-1 system performance A-5 7-17-8 Troubleshooting I-2 Index