FCC ID: 2ABUV-MRC565-40-46 Packet Data Radio

 

OPERATION & MAINTENANCE OF THE MRC-565-15 GNSS PACKET DATA RADIO Rev. G December 23, 2021 Maiden Rock Communications PO Box 575 Seeley Lake, Montana USA Tel: (207) 715 8242 2021 by Maiden Rock Communications All rights reserved GENERAL WARRANTY Maiden Rock Communications (MRC) warrants that its products conform to the published specifications and are free from manufacturing and material defects for one year after shipment. Warranty-covered equipment that fails during the warranty period will be promptly repaired at MRCs facility in Kent, Washington. International customers are required to pay shipping costs to the MRC facility, with Seattle as the point of U.S. entry. MRC will pay incoming U.S. duty fees. MRC will pay shipping costs to return the equipment to the customer, with the customer paying all return duty fees. This warranty is contingent upon proper use of the equipment and does not cover equipment that has been modified in any way without MRCs approval or has been subjected to unusual physical or electrical stress, or on which the original identification marks have been removed or altered. Page 2 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance S= P*G* DC/(4**R*R) quarter wave dipole mounted to fender/roof of automobile 5 element Yagi mounted to top of fixed antenna tower half wave dipole mounted to fixed antenna tower leg EXPOSURE TO RF RADIATION The FCC guidelines limit the maximum permitted exposure to RF radiation for Occupational/

Controlled Exposure to 1 mw/sq. cm for frequency ranges of 30-300 MHz. This limit and the following equation for calculating field strength (obtained from OET Bulletin 65) is used to calculate the minimum separation between humans and the transmit antenna based on MPE P = Transmit power in milliwatts = 100,000 G = Antenna gain referenced to an isotropic radiator

= 1.68 (2.2dbi) mobile

= 10.0 (10.0 dbi) fixed

= 3.3 (5.2 dbi) fixed R DC S

= separation required cm

= Maximum duty cycle of transmitter = 10 %

= Power density = 1 milliwatt/square cm This equation is accurate for the far field of an antenna, but will over-predict power density in the near field. Thus, the near field MPE distances calculated here are worst case or conservative. Antenna separation for mobile applications:

The typical antenna used in mobile application has a maximum antenna gain of less than 2.2 dBi

( wave dipole or wave dipole). To ensure safe operation the antenna must be mounted such that the separation between the antenna and any human occupants of the vehicle exceeds 0.90 meters (36). The best location for antenna mounting is the center of the vehicle roof. This will provide additional RF shielding between the antenna and the human occupants that reduces the RF exposure to levels well below that specified in FCC OET Bulletin 65. When working on the antenna and or co-ax cable always disable the transmitter by turning its power off. Antenna separation for fixed applications:

For fixed applications, antenna gains and mounting techniques can vary depending on the application. For Yagi antennas whose gain does not exceed 10 dBi, that antenna must be mounted a minimum of 2.2 meters from any humans occupants. Lower gain antennas, such as side mount dipoles, exhibit lower gain (5.2 dBi) allow closer separations (1.3 meters for 5.2 dBi antennas). This will provide RF shielding between the antenna and the human occupants that reduce the RF exposure to levels below that specified in FCC OET Bulletin 65. When working on the antenna and or co-ax cable always disable the transmitter by turning its power off. Page 3 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance REVISION PAGE Document Title: Operation of the MRC-565 Packet Data Radio in a Meteor Burst Network Document Number: MAN-OPS-MRC-565 Meteor Burst Revision #

Redline Initial A B C D E F G H I Date 04/20/2014 05/10/2014 05/25/2014 12/23/21 6/21/2014 6/22/2014 7/17/2014 10/25/2021 10/25/2021 Revision Redline Release Initial Release Release A TD Update format, references, TOCs (JW) Update format, references, TOCs (JW) Updated Theory of Ops TD Update format, TOC (JW) Added GNSS module to CMU board Added FET PA board Page 4 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MCC 545B MRC-565 DIFFERENCES There are several differences between the MCC 545B and the MRC-565. A summary of these differences is given below:

Number of circuit boards MRC-565 has 2 MCC 545 has 3 MRC-565 is a software defined radio with no adjustments on CMU board The MRC-565 has a wideband (40-46 MHZ) FET-PA with adjustable power levels

(10,25,50,100 watts) controlled by CMU commands. No battery backed up RAM. No PWR FAIL RESTORE message New LPM modes Ethernet Port with TCP/IP M8 Ethernet Port connection to GNSS Daughter Board hosted on main processor board USB Device Port for connecting to PC USB port. Requires Driver For the most part the MRC-565 operator commands are the same as the MCC 545B commands. However, there are a few differences as noted below:

MRC 545 MCC 565 ASSIGN ASSIGN NONE ASSIGN,RXn,CHAN,PROTOCOL FREQ,TX,RX,CHAN CHAN,TX,RX,MOD-VAL,CHAN FREQ,N CHAN,N FREQ CHAN NONE CAL NONE DSP NONE IP NONE IPCONFIG NONE FILE FPGA FPGA LP[M LPM NONE RECEIVERS SCALE SCALE NONE SP NONE SIG RXTH RXTH TEST,TX TEST,TX TRACEPORT TRACEERT NONE SDI12 In the cases where there are similar commands for the MCC 545 and MRC-565, the commands are slightly different. Refer to APPENDIX C for details. Page 5 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance TABLE OF CONTENTS Title Page EXPOSURE TO RF RADIATION ................................................................................................ 3 MCC 545B MRC-565 DIFFERENCES ......................................................................................... 5 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................ 14 2 NETWORKS ........................................................................................................................ 16 Extended Line of Site Systems ..................................................................................... 16 Related Documents ....................................................................................................... 17 3 DESCRIPTION..................................................................................................................... 19 General .......................................................................................................................... 19 Printed Circuit Board Assemblies ................................................................................. 20 3.2.1 Communications Management Unit (CMU) ................................................................ 21 3.2.2 Power Amplifier (PA) ................................................................................................... 22 3.3 Detailed Specifications ................................................................................................. 23 3.4 Memory Organization ................................................................................................... 24 3.5 Front Panel LEDs .......................................................................................................... 26 4 INSTALLATION ................................................................................................................. 27 4.1 Cable Connections ........................................................................................................ 27 4.1.1 DC Power ...................................................................................................................... 27 4.1.2 VHF Antenna ................................................................................................................ 28 4.1.3 GPS Antenna ................................................................................................................. 28 4.1.4 I/O Port.......................................................................................................................... 29 4.1.5 GNSS Ethernet .............................................................................................................. 32 4.1.6 Radio Ethernet Port ....................................................................................................... 32 4.2 4.3 Power-Up Sequence ...................................................................................................... 33 Description of Critical Device Parameters for a LOS Network ................................... 34 4.3.1 Device ........................................................................................................................... 34 4.3.2 Role ............................................................................................................................... 34 4.3.3 Radio ID Number .......................................................................................................... 35 4.3.4 Frequency and Modulation Parameters ........................................................................ 35 Page 6 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance 4.3.5 Select Site Name ........................................................................................................... 36 4.4 4.5 Enter Script Files........................................................................................................... 37 RF TEST ....................................................................................................................... 38 5 OPERATIONS ...................................................................................................................... 41 5.1 Getting Started .............................................................................................................. 41 5.1.1 Command Entry and Editing ........................................................................................ 41 5.1.2 HELP Command .......................................................................................................... 42 5.1.3 System Time and Date .................................................................................................. 42 5.1.4 Factory Default Parameters ........................................................................................... 42 5.2 Configuring the MRC-565 Manually............................................................................ 43 5.2.1 Setting the Radio ID...................................................................................................... 43 5.2.2 Device Type .................................................................................................................. 44 5.2.3 Setting the Operating Role ............................................................................................ 45 5.2.4 Setting the Power Mode ................................................................................................ 45 5.2.5 Selecting Network Parameters ...................................................................................... 47 5.3 Local Area Network Configuration .............................................................................. 48 5.3.1 I/O Configuration Commands ....................................................................................... 49 5.3.2 Scheduling MRC-565 Events ....................................................................................... 51 5.3.3 Setting Timeout Duration ............................................................................................. 51 5.3.4 Defining Data Relays .................................................................................................... 52 5.3.5 Scaling A/D Readings ................................................................................................... 52 5.3.6 Selecting the Burst Monitor .......................................................................................... 54 5.3.7 Controlling the Hourly Statistics Report ....................................................................... 54 5.3.9 Power Turn On .............................................................................................................. 55 5.3.10 Saving and Restoring the Configuration ....................................................................... 56 5.4 Sending and Receiving Messages ................................................................................. 57 5.4.1 Entering and Deleting Messages ................................................................................... 58 5.4.2 Editing Messages .......................................................................................................... 60 5.4.3 Sending Messages ......................................................................................................... 60 5.4.4 Sending Remote Commands ......................................................................................... 61 5.4.5 Sending Canned Messages ............................................................................................ 61 5.4.6 Receiving Messages ...................................................................................................... 62 Page 7 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance 5.4.7 Examining Message Status ........................................................................................... 63 5.4.8 Examining and Revising Message Queues ................................................................... 63 5.5 5.6 5.7 Sensor I/O Port .............................................................................................................. 64 Data Loggers Interface .................................................................................................. 65 CR10X Data Logger ..................................................................................................... 66 5.7.5 Update Interval .............................................................................................................. 70 5.7.6 Transmission Order ....................................................................................................... 70 5.7.8 Time of Day .................................................................................................................. 71 5.7.9 Time Tagging ................................................................................................................ 71 5.7.10 Memory Management ................................................................................................... 71 5.7.11 Data Scaling .................................................................................................................. 72 5.7.12 Modem Enable .............................................................................................................. 72 5.7.13 Setting/Reading CR10X Internal Registers .................................................................. 73 5.7.14 Entering CR10X Security Codes .................................................................................. 74 5.7.15 Downloading a CR10X .DLD Program ........................................................................ 74 5.7.16 Replacing an MRC-565 to an Operational CR10X ...................................................... 75 5.7.17 Replaying Data from a CR10X ..................................................................................... 76 5.8 CR1000 Data Logger .................................................................................................... 77 5.8.1 CR1000 Driver Configuration Command Summary: ................................................... 79 5.8.2 Acquire Mode: .............................................................................................................. 81 5.8.3 Data Retrieval Pointer Initialization ............................................................................. 81 5.8.4 Data Retrieval Hole Collection ..................................................................................... 82 5.8.5 Update Interval .............................................................................................................. 82 5.8.6 Transmission Order ....................................................................................................... 83 5.8.7 Group ID Assignment ................................................................................................... 83 5.8.8 Time of Day .................................................................................................................. 83 5.8.9 Time Tagging ................................................................................................................ 83 5.8.10 Memory Management ................................................................................................... 84 5.8.11 Data Scaling .................................................................................................................. 84 5.8.12 Modem Enable .............................................................................................................. 84 5.8.13 Reading CR1000 Internal Pointers and Error Statistics ................................................ 85 5.8.14 Displaying Status Table Data........................................................................................ 85 5.8.15 Displaying and Setting Public Table Data .................................................................... 87 Page 8 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance 5.8.16 Downloading a Program ............................................................................................... 88 5.9 SDI-12 Sensors ............................................................................................................. 91 5.9.1 Data Collection ............................................................................................................. 91 5.9.2 Setup ............................................................................................................................. 91 5.9.3 Periodic Data Collection ............................................................................................... 93 5.9.4 Data Logging ................................................................................................................ 93 5.9.5 User Interface ................................................................................................................ 94 5.9.6 MRC-565 Commands ................................................................................................... 96 5.9.7 SDI, CMD, COMMAND TEXT .................................................................................. 98 5.9.8 SDI, TRACE, {OFF/ON} ............................................................................................. 98 5.9.9 SDI-12 Command/Response List ................................................................................. 99 5.9.10 Serial Port Command and Response Diagrams .......................................................... 100 5.10 Generic Data Logger ................................................................................................... 101 5.10.1 Typical Report Formats .............................................................................................. 101 5.10.2 Setup and Configuration ............................................................................................. 102 5.10.3 Viewing the generic device driver setup ..................................................................... 103 5.10.4 AUTO Format ............................................................................................................. 103 5.10.5 MULTI-LINE Format ................................................................................................. 104 5.11 Event Programming .................................................................................................... 107 6 THEORY OF OPERATION............................................................................................... 110 6.1 CMU (MRC-56500300-04) ........................................................................................ 110 6.1.1 Receiver Analog Front End ........................................................................................ 110 6.1.2 Digital Receiver Components ..................................................................................... 111 6.1.3 Digital Transmitter Components ................................................................................. 116 6.1.4 Discrete Digital Output, Relay Junction and Analog Input ........................................ 118 6.1.5 Power Amp Interface .................................................................................................. 119 6.2 Microprocessor ........................................................................................................... 119 6.2.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................... 119 6.2.2 Cold Fire Processor ..................................................................................................... 120 6.2.3 Data Input/Output ....................................................................................................... 120 6.2.4 Coldfire Microprocessor Peripherals and Serial Configuration.................................. 121 6.2.5 Power Fail Detection/Protection ................................................................................. 121 Page 9 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance 6.2.6 Voltage Regulators ...................................................................................................... 121 6.3 6.4 Power Amplifier (MRC-56500301-10) ..................................................................... 123 Internal GNSS daughter board (optional) ................................................................... 124 7 Maintenance ........................................................................................................................ 127 7.1 Script Files .................................................................................................................. 127 7.2 Measuring Voltage Levels .......................................................................................... 127 7.3 Setting Up and Calibrating the MRC-565 Radio Parameters ..................................... 128 7.3.1 CMU Adjustments ...................................................................................................... 129 7.3.2 Power Amp Adjustments ............................................................................................ 130 APPENDIX A: COMMANDS ................................................................................................... 132 APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS ................................................................................... 175 The following is a list of MRC 565 Parameters that are installed after typing: ....................... 175 To obtain a list of parameters settings in SCRIPT format for the MRC 565 type: ..................... 175 APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING .............................................................................. 179 APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS ............................................................................ 206 Page 10 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Page LIST OF FIGURES Figure FIGURE 1. MRC-565 PACKET DATA RADIO ......................................................................... 15 FIGURE 2. EXPLODED VIEW OF MRC-565 ........................................................................... 19 FIGURE 3. MRC-565 WIRE DIAGRAM .................................................................................... 20 FIGURE 4. MRC-565 FRONT PANEL ....................................................................................... 26 FIGURE 5. MRC-565 CONNECTOR PANEL............................................................................ 27 FIGURE 6. DC POWER CONNECTOR ..................................................................................... 28 FIGURE 7. MRC-565 44 PIN I/O CABLE .................................................................................. 29 FIGURE 8. TYPICAL DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM ........................................................... 78 FIGURE 9. EXAMPLE SENSOR TABLE .................................................................................. 92 FIGURE 10. TEST BENCH CONNECTION DIAGRAM .......................................................... 95 FIGURE 11. DATA PORT BYTE STREAM TIMING AND DATA BYTE FORMAT .......... 100 FIGURE 12. DETECTED RF PLOT.......................................................................................... 115 FIGURE 13. TRANSMITTER BLOCK DIAGRAM ................................................................ 116 FIGURE 14 MRC565 UPDATED CMU BOARD & MOSAIC X5 DAUGHTER BOARD .... 124 LIST OF TABLES Table TABLE 1. MRC-565 GENERAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................................ 23 TABLE 2. MRC-565 RECEIVER SPECIFICATIONS ............................................................... 23 TABLE 3. MRC-565 TRANSMITTER SPECIFICATIONS ....................................................... 23 TABLE 4. MRC-565 MICROPROCESSOR SPECIFICATIONS ............................................... 24 TABLE 5. MRC-565 SCALING FACTORS ............................................................................... 53 Page ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS A/D ACK ADC AUX AVL BPSK CR CSMA DAC DMC DSP DTA ELOS Analog-to-Digital Acknowledgement Analog-to-Digital Converter Auxiliary Port Automatic Vehicle Location Binary Phase Shift Keying Carriage Return Carrier Sense Multiple Access Digital-to-Analog Converter Data, Management and Control Digital Signal Processing Data Port Extended-Line-of-Sight Page 11 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance End-to-End Acknowledgement Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying Global Positioning System Kilo (1,000) bits per seconds Light Emitting Diode Line-of-Sight Meteor Burst Communication Meteor Burst Communication System Maiden Rock Communications Maintenance Port National Marine Electronic Association Personal Computer Printed Circuit Assembly Printed Circuit Board Random Access Memory Radio Frequency Radio Technical Commission for Maritime Services Receive Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition Sensor Data System Network Parameter Single Pole Double Throw Time Division Multiple Access Transmit Update Universal Time Clock Voltage Standing Wave Ratio ETE GMSK GPS KBPS LED LOS MBC MBCS MRC MNT NMEA PC PCA PCB RAM RF RTCM RX SCADA SDATA SNP SPDT TDMA TX UPDT UTC VSWR XTERMW Terminal Emulator Page 12 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance INTRODUCTION Page 13 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance INTRODUCTION Frequency Range 40-46 MHZ FCC ID 2ABUV-MRC565-40-46 1 INTRODUCTION The MRC-565 can operate with one modulation format:

Non Coherent Gaussian Minimum Phase Shift Key (GMSK) Modulation operating at 9.6 KB/SEC. This format matches the MCC 545C's modulation format and is typically used in Extended Line of Site Systems (ELOS). The radio is FCC type accepted for operation with either modulation in Low Band VHF 40-46 MHZ band with an authorized bandwidth of 20 KHZ. The MRC-565 is frequency synthesized. One MRC-565 model covers the range of frequencies from 40 to 46 MHZ. This model has a unique FCC Type acceptance number as noted below:

MRC-565-40-46 This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Maiden Rock Communications could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. In addition, radios are set up and calibrated at specific frequencies to match a customer's authorized frequency or frequencies. Once calibrated, the authorized frequencies are locked into the software and operation beyond the authorized frequencies is not allowed. If a customer wishes to change his authorized frequencies, he must return the unit back to factory for recalibration and possible model change. Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class A digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference when the equipment is operated in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instruction manual, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. Operation of this equipment in a residential area is likely to cause harmful interference in which case the user will be required to correct the interference at his own expense. The MRC-565 is packaged in a aluminum, weather-resistant enclosure that measures 9.4L X 4.5W X 2.00 H and weighs 3.5 pounds. A drawing of MRC-565 enclosure is given in Figure 1. Page 14 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INTRODUCTION Figure 1. MRC-565 Packet Data Radio The MRC-565 has two Printed Circuit Assemblies and one optional GNSS Daughter board:

1. A Communications Management Unit (CMU) The CMU contains an embedded 32-bit controller for managing all the network functions associated with a packet switched data network and for interfacing to a variety of peripheral devices. It also contains an RF Analog to Digital Converter (ADC), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) to perform all receive and transmit functions without the need for any Analog Signal Processing requiring physical tweaking or adjustments. In addition, it has a built-in test capability that automatically monitors the operating integrity of the unit at all times. 2. A variable power level (10,25,50,100 watt) Power Amplifier (PA) The power amplifier is used to boost the RF TX level of the CMU from 0 DBM to 40-

50DBM (10,25,50,100 watts) using a 3-stage power amp. This amplifier contains an AGC that maintains a fixed power level under varying DC voltage levels over a temperature range of -30 to +60 C. 3. Optional GNSS Daughter board can be added to the MRC565 allowing for Sub 10cm accurate positioning, given that RTK broadcasts are setup at the Base Station radio. Page 15 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INTRODUCTION 2 NETWORKS 2.1 Extended Line of Site Systems The MRC-565 can operates in Extended Line-of-Sight (ELOS) networks using ground wave. The range of communication by ground wave is primarily determined by diffraction around the curvature of the earth, atmospheric diffraction, and troposphere propagation. The RF protocol for these types of networks is called Line of Site (LOS). All radios in these networks are defined with:

ROLE = LOS There are 3 types radios:

Base Repeater Remote The Base is always connected to a Host computer where data is being collected. Repeaters are similar to Bases, but they do not have a Host connection. They repeat data collected from Remotes to a Base which then sends the Data to the Host. Remote stations connect to either a Base or a Repeater. When they have data to send in, they transmit data directly to the Base of Repeater in carrier sense multiple access mode. The remainder of this manual is organized in the following sections:

Section 3.0 DESCRIPTION This section provides both a physical description and a functional description of each module in the MRC-565. The detailed technical specifications for each printed circuit board assembly (PCA) and the organization of the memory is provided. Section 4.0 INSTALLATION Site selection and general installation guidelines are provided in this section, including instructions for cabling, antenna, and power source connections. Power up procedures, initialization and functional test procedures are described that should be performed prior to placing the MRC-565 on-line within the network. Section 5.0 OPERATION This section describes all the operating procedures for the MRC-565. All commands and operational parameters are described for data collection, supervisory control, messaging and Page 16 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INTRODUCTION interpreting system operational statistics. It also contains the list of all commands, along with description and a few commonly used command printouts. Section 6.0 THEORY OF OPERATION This section provides overall review of the functioning of the CMU and the PA circuit board assemblies. It describes the block diagram details of each printed circuit board. Section 7.0 MAINTENANCE APPENDIX A APPENDIX B APPENDIX C EVENT PROGRAMMING TABLE OF COMMANDS FACTORY DEFAULTS APPENDIX E INSTALLATION DETAILS APPENDIX E INTEROPERABILITY WITH OTHER MRC PRODUCTS 2.2 Related Documents Additional documents and application notes that may be helpful in the operation of an MRC-565 Packet Data Radio are given below. They can be obtained from MRC. 1. Application Note: CR10X Data Acquisition, January 25, 2014 2. Application Note: CR1000 Data Acquisition, February 23, 2014. 3. Application Note: SDI-12 Data Acquisition, May 24, 2014. Page 17 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance DESCRIPTION DESCRIPTION Page 18 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 3 DESCRIPTION 3.1 General The MRC-565 Packet Data Radio provides packet switched communications from fixed sites to a central Host. It can be used for data collection, supervisory control, sending and receiving messages, or other custom applications. The unit's low standby-power consumption (<1 watt) makes it ideal for operating in remote locations where only solar power is available. An exploded view of the chassis is shown in Figure 2. A simplified wiring diagram is shown in Figure 3. Qty 6 - Flat Head SS 4-40 x 1/4" to mount Enclosure Lid to Enclosure GNSS Daughter Board Qty 4 - Pan Head SS 2-56 x 3/16" to mount Daughter board to standoffs on CMU Enclosure Lid Lid Label CMU Board Qty 5 - Pan Head SS 4-40 x 3/16" to mount to EnclosureLid Enclosure Mounting Plate Qty 4 - Pan Head SS 4-40 x 3/8" to attached mounting plate to Enclosure PA Lid2 PA Lid1 PA LID1 and LID2 Qty12 Pan Head SS 4-

40 x 3/16" to mount lids to Enclosure FET PA Board Qty 9 - Pan Head SS 4-40 x 3/16" to attached FET PA to Enclosure Figure 2. Exploded view of MRC-565 Page 19 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION J1 J16 DB RX RF from LN TX CM 1 G 2 G 3 G 6 P 7 P 8 P 9 P 10 Figure 3. MRC-565 Wire Diagram 3.2 Printed Circuit Board Assemblies The MRC-565 contains two printed circuit board assemblies as shown in Figure 2. 1. Communications Management Unit (CMU) MRC-56500300-04 2. Power Amplifier (PA) MRC-5650030-10 Page 20 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 3.2.1 Communications Management Unit (CMU) The CMU contains a Host Processor and a Software Defined Radio that contains a Digital Signal Processor (DSP) . The Host processor is used to control the wire side protocols and interfaces as well as the Over the Air protocols. The main microprocessor is a Motorola-based, embedded processor located on a single PCB that contains:

Internal TTL GNSS Daughter board mounted onto CMU . 8M x 16 of non-volatile flash memory for program storage 8M x 16 of non-volatile flash memory for parameter storage 32M x 16 of low power dynamic RAM for data storage 3 External RS-232 I/O ports Ethernet Adaptor USB-B Device Port for connecting MNT port Laptop Transmitter communication port 12-bit 16 channel A/D converter (6 channels are available for external sensors) Real-time clock (w or w/o an internal battery) Power fail detection circuitry Digital Signal Processor with D/A converters 4 Optically isolated digital inputs 2 Solid State SPST Relay Outputs with a current rating of .5 amps All I/O ports are RS 232 compatible (+/- 5V) and can be programmed to adapt to various customer protocols. The DATA port contains full flow control hardware lines. The A/D converter measures TX forward and reverse power, battery voltage, antenna noise voltage, transmitter board temperature, and 6 channels of 0-5V external sensor inputs. A Digital Signal Processor (DSP), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a D/A converter, and a A/D converter form the Software Designed Radio. The DSP is composed of a receiver portion and a transmitter portion. The receiver RF signal is amplified and routed to the A/D converter used to digitize the RF signal at the RF frequency. The FPGA provides a digital down conversion (DDC) of the digital RF signal. The converted signals are fed to the DSP for demodulation of the BPSK or GMSK signal. The transmitter portion is implemented with an AD 9957 Quadrature Digital Upconverter

(QDUC). The AD9957 functions as a universal I/Q modulator and agile Upconverter. The AD9957 integrates a high speed, direct digital synthesizer (DDS), a high performance, high speed, 14-bit digital-to-analog converter (DAC), clock multiplier circuitry, digital filters, and other DSP functions onto a single chip. It provides baseband up-conversion for data transmission in the Low Band VHF band. The RF output ( 0 DBM) is routed to the Power Amplifier (PA), via a short coax cable. Page 21 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 3.2.2 Power Amplifier (PA) A single power amplifier board is used to amplify RF output from the CMU board to the final 10,25,50,100 watt configurable power output. A special DC power switch is used to control the rise and fall times of the RF power output. A duty cycle limiter circuit limits the duty cycle of the power amplifier to 10%. A temperature sensor is also located on this board for monitoring the internal temperature of the MRC-565. This temperature reading may be transmitted to the Host for maintenance purposes. The 10,25,50,100 watt power amplifier is mounted inside an aluminum enclosure to provide RF shielding between the CMU and the high power output. This board contains a T/R switch for half-duplex operation, a harmonic low pass filter, and a dual directional coupler and AGC circuit for power level control. The coupler measures forward and reverse power. If the VSWR exceeds 3.0:1, the power amplifier automatically shuts down. The power amplifiers parameters are also transmitted to the Host for maintenance purposes. The antenna port of the T/R switch connects directly to the COAX connector mounted on the MRC-565 front panel. The receive port of the T/R switch is routed through a low pass filter to the Receiver COAX Connector. A short COAX cable connects the PA receive port to the CMU receive port. Page 22 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 3.3 Detailed Specifications The detailed specifications for each of the printed circuit board assemblies are given in Tables 2.1 through 2.4. Table 1. MRC-565 General Specifications CHARACTERISTIC Dimensions (excluding mtg braclet) Weight Temperature Range Power Requirements LPM = Low Power Mode LPM,SP = Signal Present wake up LPM,Alarm = DC PWR Alarm Clock wake up LPM,PWR = No DC PWR Alarm Clock wake up Cannot enter LPM,PWR unless TXQ empty SPECIFICATION 9.8L X 4.8W X 2.1H 3.8 lbs.

-30 to 60 C (-22 to 140 F) 12 VDC Nominal (11-15 VDC) Receiver Current LPM,OFF 120 ma @ 13.0 VDC LPM,SP: 80 ma @ 13.0 VDC LPM,ALARM 65 ma @ 13.0 VDC LPM,PWR 2 ma @ 13.0 VDC Transmit Current 20 Amps Nominal (100 msec) Table 2. MRC-565 Receiver Specifications CHARACTERISTIC Frequency (Three models) 40-46 MHZ Type Rate Format Modulation:

Noise Figure Sensitivity:

IF Bandwidth (3/80 dB) RF Bandwidth (3 dB) Signal Acquisition Time 3rd Order Intercept Point Image Response Attenuation Spurious Response Attenuation SP Threshold Noise Blanker I/O Bit Error Rate < 10-3 at 4 kbps SPECIFICATION

+/-.0005% Synthesized 10KHz steps GMSK 9.6 kbps NRZ

< 7 dB minimum

-120 dBm 13/40 KHz typical 13 MHz typical

< 5 msec

>- 15 dBm

> 70 dB minimum

> 70 dB minimum Adjustable from 130 to 100 dBm

> 20 dB Reduction in Impulse Noise MRC Standard (Refer to Section 3.2) Table 3. MRC-565 Transmitter Specifications CHARACTERISTIC Frequency (Three Models) 40-46 MHZ RF Power Output Load VSWR SPECIFICATION

+/- .0005% Synthesized 5KHz steps

> 10,25,50 or 100 Watts at 12-16 VDC Input

< 2:1 Rated Power (shut down if >2:1) Page 23 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance Harmonic Levels Modulation:

Spurious Transmit Modulation Spectrum Type Rate Tx Duty Cycle T/R Switch I/O High VSWR Protection INSTALLATION 70 dB below Unmodulated Carrier GMSK 9.6 kbps

> 70 dB below Unmodulated Carrier 10 KHz offset 25 dBC 50 KHz offset 63 dBC 10 % Max without shutting down transmitter Solid-State Switching Time < 100 microseconds MRC Standard (Refer to Section 3.2) Withstands Infinite VSWR (shuts down if VSWR >

2:1) Table 4. MRC-565 Microprocessor Specifications CHARACTERISTIC Main Processor Memory:

Jumper:

Program Storage Data Storage Parameter Storage JP1 JP2 JP3 SPECIFICATION Motorola MC68332FC 32-bit Embedded Controller 8M x 16 non-volatile Flash memory 32M x 16 static Dynamic RAM 8M x 16 non-volatile Flash memory Watchdog Disable m(install to disable WD) Ignition Bypass (install to disable IGN ON) Power By Pass (Does not let 12V shut down) 3.4 Memory Organization The MRC-565 has three types of memory:

Program Memory (PM): The Program memory is non-volatile Flash (8M X 16). It contains the MBNET200 image software, bootstrap, configuration and application software. These programs are installed at the MRC facilities at the time of shipment. The information stored in the Program memory is referred to as factory defaults. Parameter Memory (CPM): The Parameter memory is non-volatile Flash (8M X 16). It contains the configuration data for the unit such as the customer number, the serial number and ID of the MRC-565 and the authorized FCC frequencies it may use. This information is normally programmed into the unit prior to shipment. The Script files are also stored in Parameter memory, either at the MRC facilities or on site. Page 24 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION Data Memory (RAM): The Data memory is volatile Dynamic RAM (32M X 16). Date, time, executable programs, command parameters and program dynamic data (messages, data, position, etc) are all stored in RAM during normal operations. During normal operation, the MRC-565 software uses the data and configuration parameters stored in RAM. If the data information in RAM is lost or corrupted, for whatever reason, the configuration parameters can be retrieved from Parameter memory. This ensures uninterrupted operation. The RAM contents will be lost under the following conditions:

1. The Boot command is issued. 2. Power is removed from the unit. 3. The watchdog timer initiates a restart. The software will detect these events and will recopy the parameters and configuration values from Parameter memory back into RAM when operation is resumed. If the contents of Parameter memory become invalid, the unit will revert to the factory defaults in Program memory. Page 25 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 3.5 Front Panel LEDs The six LEDs on the front panel provide the operator with a quick assessment of the units operational status. See Figure 4. PWR RX1,RX2,RX3 TX HIVSWR Flashes for about 2 seconds during power on. Then flashes once per second when SW starts Flashes for 2 seconds on power up, then flashes whenever a signal is received Flashes during Tx when the RF Output power is > 50 watts Flashes during Tx when the VSWR > 2:1 is detected (means bad antenna, RF power turned off) Figure 4. MRC-565 Front Panel Page 26 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4 INSTALLATION 4.1 Cable Connections There are a maximum of seven cable connections to be made to the MRC-565 as shown in Figure 5. M8-4 GNSS Ethernet Cable USB TypeB Ethernet Data I/O DC Power VHF Antenna GNSS Antenna Figure 5. MRC-565 Connector Panel 4.1.1 DC Power The MRC-565 requires a power source that can deliver up to 20 amps of pulsed power (100 msec) from a +12 VDC to +16VDC power source. The 20 amp current draw will cause a voltage drop to occur at the transmitter input, resulting in reduced transmit power, unless the power cable to the source is sized appropriately. MRC recommends using two #16 AWG wires for both the power and ground and a cable length that does not exceed 10 feet. If a longer cable is required, use #14 AWG. MRC provides a standard 6 foot power cable with lugs for connecting to a 3/8" battery post (Part No. 14001350-01).The power connector pins are shown in Figure 6 as follows:

Page 27 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION Figure 6. DC Power Connector Note the indent is at top of plug. The +12V inputs are on top side of connectors. Be careful not to try and plug the cable into the connector in reverse order so that +12V is on bottom. If plugged in backwards the +12V is shorted to ground (on PA board) and the DC line fuse will blow and or a trace on the Power Amp board may burn out. Do not force. 4.1.2 VHF Antenna Connect the antenna cable to the BNC RF connector. RG-223 may be used for cable lengths under 50 feet. Use a large diameter cable (RG-214) for cable lengths up to 100 feet. Refer to Appendix B for proper cable length. 4.1.3 GPS Antenna An external GPS antenna is required when the internal GPS receiver is used. Connect the GPS antenna cable to the SMA connector on the front panel. The antenna port has 5 VDC on the center pin to power the GPS antenna, Page 28 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4.1.4 I/O Port The 44 pin I/O connector on the front panel includes three RS-232 ports and one Sensor port. MRC provides a standard cable harness that breaks out these four ports as shown below:

Operator Port

(9 Pin) Data Port

(9 Pin) Aux Port

(9 Pin) I/O Port

(44 Pin) MRC-565 I/O Port Cable Sensor Port

(25 Pin) Figure 7. MRC-565 44 Pin I/O Cable A description of each of the other connectors is given below. A description of the various ports is given below. 4.1.4.1 Operator Port The Operator Port is normally connected to a local operator terminal using a standard RS-232 straight thru cable with a 9-pin male D connector to 9-pin female D connector. Normally, only 3 wires (pins 2, 3 and 5) are required when connecting to the operator port. The port is wired to support handshaking where required such as when using a modem. RS 232 levels are +/- 5V. OPERATOR PORT 9S Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Signal CD Tx Data Rx Data DTR Ground DSR RTS CTS Not Used The Operator Port will display all warnings, messages, data report, and alerts. Page 29 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4.1.4.2 Data Port The Data Port may be used for connecting to a data logger, GPS receiver or other serial input device using a standard straight thru RS-232 cable with a 9-pin male D connector to 9-pin female D connector. Refer to Section 4.0 for more information on interfacing to data loggers or other serial input devices. All signals are RS232 (+/- 5V) levels. DATA PORT 9S 4.1.4.3 Aux Port The AUX PORT may be connected to any serial input device using a standard straight thru RS-

232 cable with a 9-pin male D connector to 9-pin female D connector. This port is also used for interfacing to MRC test equipment (pins 6, 8, and 9). Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Signal Not Used Tx Data Rx Data DTR Ground DSR RTS CTS Ring UX PORT 9S Signal Not Used Tx Data Rx Data Not Used Ground MCLK (3.3V CMOS) Not Used MDIR (3.3V CMOS) MSET (3.3V CMOS) Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 IMPORTANT The AUX port connector has three extra pins (pins 6, 8, and 9) whose signals do not conform to the RS-232 standard. These are for MRC test purposes. These pins will NOT interfere with a normal 3-wire RS-232 connector (pins 2, 3, and 5). Page 30 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4.1.4.4 Sensor Port The Sensor port is used as a general purpose Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition

(SCADA) interface requiring limited I/O in lieu of a full data logging capability. Use a mating cable with a 25-pin male D connector for access to the various functions. For convenience, this cable may be routed to a terminal block for interfacing to the various sensors and other external devices. The Sensor Port contains:

SDI-12 Input/output and ground Four (4) Optical Isolated Discrete Inputs. All 4 inputs share a common ground. Two (2)Optical Solid State Switches which are normally open. Six (6)Analog inputs

+12V Current limited to .50 amps Switched + 12V Current limited to .5 AMP TX Key Test Point SP Test Point A pin out of the Sensor Port is given below. SENSOR PORT Signal Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 Optocoupled input #1 positive 2K Input R, 2 V threshold SDI-12 Data Optocoupled input #2 positive 2K Input R, 2 V threshold Optocoupled input #2 return Optocoupled input #3 positive 2K Input R, 2 V threshold Det RF for Chan #3 Optocoupled input #4 positive 2K Input R, 2 V threshold Det RF for Chan #2 Ground Solid State Relay #1 +

(.5 Amp rating) Solid State Relay #1 -

Signal Presence (SP) 3.3V Logic Solid State Relay #2 +

(.5 Amp rating) Solid State Relay #1 -

TX KEY 3.3V Logic

+5V Reference (10 ma Max +/- 2%) 14 15 16 17 Analog Input #1 ( 0 to 5 V) 1%

18 Analog Input #2 ( 0 to 5 V) 1%

Page 31 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 19 Analog Input #3 ( 0 to 5 V) 1%

20 Analog Input #4 ( 0 to 5 V) 1%

21 Analog Input #5 ( 0 to 5 V) 1%

22 Analog Input #6 ( 0 to 5 V) 1%

+12V Switched (.5A Max) 23 24

+12V (0.5A Max) 25 Det RF for Chan #1 4.1.5 GNSS Ethernet GNSS Ethernet Port on the front panel of the MRC565 Radio is used to configure and monitor the internal GNSS daughter board attached to the Main CMU board. To access, a web browser the default IP address 192.168.10.2 port 80 can be used. 4.1.6 Radio Ethernet Port Ethernet Port that supports TCP/IP protocol is used to connect the MRC-565 to a wired Wide Area Network (WAN). This eliminates the need for a router and terminal server to route data back to a Host Computer. There are two commands required to set up the Ethernet Port for operation. Enter the following command to check the configuration:

IPCONFIG The Ethernet port factory defaults to an IP address of 192.168.10.1 To change the IP address enter the following command IPCONFIG,E1,nnn.mmm.ppp,qqq E1 is the Ethernet port. To enable the port use the following command:

ASSIG,function1,n,protocol where E1F1 is the function, n is the port number, and p is the protocl The function can be ASCII,MSC,or MSC2 The port can be 4,5,6,or 7 A complete description of the TCP/IP protocol is given in Section 5.3.1.2 . Page 32 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4.2 Power-Up Sequence Connect a laptop, with XTERMW installed, to the Operator Port (MNT). The Operator Port settings of the MRC-565 is programmed with the following factory default configuration at the time of shipment:

Baud rate Data bits Stop bit Parity Protocol Flow control none 9600 8 1 no ASCII When the unit first turns on after applying power the PWR, RX1, RX2, and RX3 front panel LED's will turn on for about 2 seconds. This indicates that +12V is applied to the unit and that the internal 3.3V regulators have turned on. At this point, the main control software is booting up. After a few more seconds, the PWR LED will start flashing and the other LED's should turn off. This flashing indicates that the main control software is running and the following messages should be printed on the operator (MNT) port. 03/20/14 08:00:50 MNT port 0

*** O / O Maiden Rock Comm, LLC

******* O /\

MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Copyright (C) 2014 Maiden Rock Comm, LLC All Rights Reserved CMU Version 1.01.0121 10/15/21 07:30 AM DSP Version 02.10 140221a_fc FPGA Version 01.20 140216_ab CPLD Version 56 01/27/14a The software versions numbers for the CMU (Coldfire processor), DSP, FPGA, and the CPLD are displayed. These numbers will change as newer versions of the software are developed. The CPLD is an Altera Complex Programmable Logic Device. It is a single chip device used to interface the various I/O functions with the Cold Fire Processor. The CPLD version must be 56 or the PA power level control commands will not function properly Page 33 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION With the exception of the CPLD, all versions of software can be updated via the Operator Port. The CPLD requires direct connection of the Altera Blaster to the board. 4.3 Description of Critical Device Parameters for a LOS Network Most of the parameters used in a MB network do not have to be changed from there Factory Defaults for normal operation. However, a few critical parameters must be set to obtain proper operations. These are described below. These commands should be included in the SCRIPT file used to program the unit as described in Section 4,4 below. 4.3.1 Device The MRC-565 can be programmed to operate as a REMOTE or BASE. To check the Device Type enter the following command:

DEVICE [ENTER]

If the device is not a REMOTE and you want to change it to a REMOTE enter SAVE [ENTER]

SAVE stores the Device type into FLASH memory. DEVICE,REMOTE [ENTER]

DEVICE,BASE [ENTER]

If you want to operate as a Base enter SAVE [ENTER]

Used LOS networks 4.3.2 Role ROLE is used to set the Operating Mode and the RF Protocol for the device. LOS To determine the operating ROLE for the device, type the following command:

ROLE [ENTER}

Page 34 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4.3.3 Radio ID Number Every unit in a Meteor Burst Communications System has a 16-bit ID. This allows up to 65,536 unique ID numbers. The MRC-565 ID number will already be programmed into the unit by MRC prior to shipment. Enter the command ID [ENTER] and the unit ID number will be displayed on the operator terminal. Contact your System Administrator to register this ID in the network configuration database. In some cases this number will be locked and cannot be changed in the field, you can type LOCK to determine if the ID is locked or not. Under some circumstances, the ID may have to be changed on-site. It can only be done if the ID is not locked. In that event, this action must be coordinated with both MRC and your System Administrator. Failure to do so may result in data or messages being misrouted or lost. To change the ID use the following command:

ID,nnnnn,mmmmm{,aaaaaa},INIT [ENTER]

where nnnnnn is the unit ID, mmmmm is the master station assignment and aaaaaa is the master select mode (FIXED, AUTO, PREF, MULTI). Obtain the proper master station assignment and select mode from your System Administrator. The MRC-565 will save this ID and will use it whenever the unit is powered up or reset. MODE PREF DESCRIPTION Unit connects to the mmmm Master for the NDOWN period (set with SNP command). After NDOWN period unit will connect to the Master that it has received the most syncs from. In this mode the unit can communicate with only one Master at a time. Unit connects to the mmmm Master, if its not successful it switches to another Master. It will stay with that Master as long as it can communicate with it. In this mode the unit can communicate with only one Master at a time. This is the preferred mode for LOS networks Connectivity will be fixed to the mmmm Master. In this mode the unit can communicate with only one Master at a time. This is the preferred mode for networks with a single master. AUTO FIXED 4.3.4 Frequency and Modulation Parameters The MRC-565 will already be programmed with the authorized frequencies to be used in your network. These frequencies are stored in parameter memory and cannot be changed. Verify that the correct frequency is configured by entering the command:

Page 35 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION CHANNEL (cr) This will show you the Active TX and RX Frequency pair and frequency pairs for up to 20 channels that were programmed at the factory. The following table will be displayed for the SNOTEL network:

07 41.6100 40.6700 3 9.6K gmsk9.6

+CHANNEL 01/01/00 01:08:29 Primary Channel TX mhz RX mhz Mod-Val Bit rate Modulation Channel Table:

Channel TX mhz RX mhz Mod-Val Bit rate Modulation 00 40.0000 40.0000 3 9.6K gmsk9.6 01 46.000 46.0000 3 9.6k gmsk9.6 You can select any frequency pair from the frequency table by entering the following commands:

ASSIGN,RX1,n Where n is the channel number you want to assign to RX1. CHANNEL, n Where n is the desired channel number For example: To select channel 0 above enter:

ASSIGN,RX1,0 CHANNEL, 0 The active channel is the one with > in front and * after the channel number, 07 in this case. The table above shows all the assigned channels and is Locked into each MRC radio before it leaves the factory. Operation on channels beyond those listed is not possible without sending it back to the factory for reprogramming. 4.3.5 Select Site Name A descriptive name may be given to the site where the MRC-565 is being installed. The selected site name must be coordinated with your System Administrator. To enter a site name use the following command:

SITE NAME, XXXXXX [ENTER]

where XXXXXX may have a maximum of 32 alpha-characters. Page 36 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 4.4 Enter Script Files The MRC-565 must be programmed with the parameters that fit the network that it is being used in. This programming is accomplished by loading Script file from your PC into the MRC-

565 using the Operator (MNT) port. The Script File can also be downloaded into a Remote Station via RF from the Master Station. If a script file have not been programmed into the MRC-565 and it must be changed, a new file can be loaded from your operator terminal using XTERMW software. One script file uniquely programs the MRC-565 to operate as a remote station in your specific network. Other script files define application programs that are performed by the station. For example, the application for a remote station may be as a mobile unit reporting position data or as a fixed site reporting sensor data. The procedure for loading the script file is described below:

1. Install the MRC-565 Meteor Burst CD (or diskette), with the script file on it, into your laptop or equivalent, and load the script file into your XTERM subdirectory. 2. Start XTERMW and open a connection at the correct baud rate and COM port (typically COM1, 9600 baud. All other parameters are defaults. 3. Type factory,default,init to load the default parameters into the MRC-565. The MRC-565 has a very large Flash memory for storing station parameters, as such it takes longer (90 seconds)to erase than it does to erase the MCC 545 flash memory (30 seconds) 4. Choose Execute Script from the scripts pull down menu. 5. Select the appropriate script file in the XTERM subdirectory. Double click the file name to start execution. The commands in the script file will be executed one at a time until the end of the file is reached. Press the up arrow key to scroll up and review the command responses. If any commands result in BAD COMMAND, BAD PARAMETER, or similar message, the script file may have an error in it. You may verify that the correct configuration file has been loaded by entering the three commands: ASSIGN, SNP, and CONFIG. A typical script file for a remote operating in a MBC network connected to a CR10X Data Logger is given below.) IMPORTANT The SAVE command must be performed at this time. Failure to do so will result in the loss of any new configuration data in RAM that you may have entered during initialization. Page 37 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION 9.6K TIME ROLE 13:58:16 LOS 0 STARTED The CONFIG command may be used to confirm that the MRC-565 has been configured correctly for the network it is operating in. For example, if your MRC-565 is being used in a Meteor Burst network the following configuration parameters will be displayed on your operator terminal when you enter CONFIG [ENTER]. DATE DEVICE TYPE ID MODULATION GMSK9.6 BIT RATE DUPLEX MODE HALF DUPLEX SERIAL CHECK IN LOS CHECKIN LOS RETRY POLL BASE PULSE HOURLIES ENTEK MDP RXTYPE SUBST SCALE B: 0.062500, D: 0.018800, T: 0.000353 MAINTENANCE CONSOLE DEVICE 2/17/14 REMOTE 00500,00001,MULTI DEFAULT DEST. TRANSMIT KEY MESSAGE HOLD OFF SCHEDULE TX LIMIT STAT RPT INT. DUTY CYCLE POS SOURCE RELAY OFF OFF REPEATER OFF POSRPT ON NETMON OFF RCT COMM REMOTE TYPE 1 90 5 2 OFF 0,0 OFF ON OFF MRC-565 OFF ACTIVE or EMPTY 200 24 10%

30,TXT,NMEA 4.5 RF TEST A very thorough RF test can be made by entering the command TEST [ENTER]. TEST causes the processor to turn the transmitter ON and measures the forward and reverse RF power that is being transmitted. It also measures the battery voltage under load and the antenna noise voltage. The following response will be displayed on the operator terminal:

Syncs Xmits Acks pwr-fwd pwr-rev v-bat det-rf resets XXXX YYYY ZZZZ AAAA BBBB CCC DDD EEE where: XXXX YYYY ZZZZ AAAA = Forward power in watts. This should be greater than 80 watts. BBBB = Reflected power in watts. This should be less than 5 watts. CCC = Battery voltage under load (while transmitting). This should be greater DDD

= Received signal strength in dBm. This will normally be the noise level

= # of sync patterns received from the master station.

= # of transmissions made by the MRC-565.

= # of Acknowledgements received from the master station. at the antenna and should read about 120.. than 10.6 VDC. Page 38 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance INSTALLATION EEE Number of times the radio has rebooted. NOTE The forward RF power should be at least 80 watts if the battery voltage is normal. If it is lower than 80 watts check for proper cabling to the power source. (see Section 3.2.2.1). If the reverse RF power is greater than 5 watts check the antenna and coaxial cabling for proper installation. If both the forward and reverse power are low, the transmitter may be automatically shutting down due to an antenna VSWR greater than 2:1. Check the antenna and coaxial cabling for proper installation. If the DET RF is greater than 110 dBm (for example, -100 dBm), the unit will still perform properly but the latency time of the link will be increased. Refer to Appendix D for reducing site noise conditions. An overall figure of merit for the link performance is the XMIT to ACK ratio. If this ratio is 3:1 or lower, the overall performance will be very good. This completes the initialization and power-up sequence of the MRC-565.The unit is now ready for operation. Refer to Chapter 4 for detailed operating instructions. Page 39 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations and Maintenance OPERATIONS OPERATIONS Page 40 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5 OPERATIONS This chapter covers the basic operating procedures for the MRC-565 as it's used in a LOS network. The MRC-565 is programmed using Script Files that contain the specific system parameters for operating in the meteor burst mode. These are loaded into the MRC-565 at the MRC facilities prior to shipment. The script files may also be loaded and/or modified at the customers site. You should always reset to factory default parameters by typing FACTORY,DEFAULT,INIT It is assumed at this point that the appropriate script file has already been loaded into the unit, as part of the installation procedures outlined in Section 4.0, and that the unit is configured properly and operational within its network. This chapter describes the various commands that are available to the operator for modifying the station configuration parameters to accommodate specific applications, sending and receiving messages and interfacing to peripheral devices for data collection and supervisory control. prior to loading any new script files. 5.1 Getting Started 5.1.1 Command Entry and Editing You must enter carriage returns after every command. A list of all the operator commands are given in Appendix B When a command is accepted, the operator terminal will print the system time. Before you begin you should familiarize yourself with the special editing functions that you can use when entering commands:

[DEL] Deletes last character entered.

[CTRL] Prints command line on next line down.

[CTRL]-R Repeats last command line

\X Removes current line from command buffer.

[CR], [LF] or [ENTER] Terminates line and causes the command entered to be executed. Page 41 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.1.2 HELP Command Entering HELP [ENTER] produces a single page display of all the commands used in the operation and maintenance of the MRC-565. To obtain descriptive information about a particular command and how it is used by the MRC-565 enter the command type. For example: HELP, ASSIGN [ENTER]. 5.1.3 System Time and Date The MRC-565 has its own internal clock that is periodically synchronized to the nearest second with the master station. The master station receives the correct date and time from either its Host, GPS, or RTCM broadcast. The master station then periodically broadcasts this date and time information to all remotes for synchronizing their internal clocks. If required, the date and time may be initialized using the following commands:

DATE, mm/dd/yy [ENTER]

TIME, hh:mm{:ss} [ENTER]

Always set UTC Offset to 0, the local time offset should be set to the time zone offset (+/- TZ) the remote station is from the master station time zone. 5.1.4 Factory Default Parameters When you type FACTORY,DEFAULT,INIT The unit restores the factory default parameters. A complete list of Factory Defaults is included in Appendix B. The station configuration parameters are usually entered by loading a configuration script file as described in Section 4.4. It is also possible to enter these commands one at a time from the operator port. This section describes some of the key commands. Refer to Appendix A for a complete list of commands. In order for the MRC-565 to operate correctly in your network, it must be properly configured. Configuration requirements will vary from application to application, therefore refer to your systems manual or consult your systems manager for correct settings. Use the commands described in this section to set the configuration as per required. You may use the CONFIG, ASSIGN, SNP and CR10X commands to verify proper configurations have been set. Page 42 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.2 Configuring the MRC-565 Manually The critical configuration parameters are:

Sets unique radio up to 65,000 Sets frequency, modulation type, and channel number. Remote, Base LOS I/O Port Assignment//Drivers Port function, number, and protocol Radio ID Channel Device Type Device Role Low Power Modes IP Configuration Power modes to reduce DC power used in receive modes Ethernet Configuration Parameters or operational states set by these commands are retained and will determine the way in which the MRC-565 will interact with other equipment at the site and with the communications network. Most configuration parameters can be viewed with the CONFIG, ASSIGN, SNP and CR10X commands. You should use these commands to verify that the configuration is correct. If it is not correct, use the appropriate command(s) to correct the configuration, and then enter the "save"

command to write the configuration parameters into the CPM. 5.2.1 Setting the Radio ID Verify the ID is set correctly with the following command:

ID [ENTER]

If it is not correct, refer to Section 4.3.3 for instructions on how to set it. This will show you the Active TX and RX Frequency pair and frequency pairs for up to 20 channels that were programmed at the factory. Page 43 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS Radio Frequencies and Modulation Format As noted in Section 4.3.4 above, the MRC-565 will already be programmed with the authorized frequencies to be used in your network. These frequencies are stored in parameter memory and cannot be changed. Verify that the correct frequency is configured by entering the command:

CHANNEL (cr) The following table will be displayed for a LOS network:

00 40.0000 40.0000 3 9.6K gmsk9.6

+CHANNEL 01/01/00 01:08:29 Primary Channel TX mhz RX mhz Mod-Val Bit rate Modulation Channel Table:

Channel TX mhz RX mhz Mod-Val Bit rate Modulation 9.6K gmsk9.6

> 00 40.0000 01 46.0000 9.6K gmsk9.6

40.0000 3 46.0000 3 You can select any frequency pair from the frequency table by entering the following commands:

ASSIGN,RX1,n Where n is the channel number you want to assign to RX1. CHANNEL, n Where n is the desired channel number 5.2.2 Device Type The MRC-565 can operate as either a Remote Station, or Base Station. Use the DEVICE command to select the mode you require. For normal MRC-565 Remote Station operation, enter:

As a Remote Station, the device will connect to a Base Station using base station selection algorithm. For MRC-565 operation as a Base Station, enter:

DEVICE,REMOTE DEVICE,BASE BASE operation is used exclusively in ELOS networks. BASE stations are usually connected to a back office host computer through a wired network connection (Ethernet) Page 44 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.2.3 Setting the Operating Role To see what ROLE the device is set to enter:

ROLE The Role must be set to LOS for LOS networks. 5.2.4 Setting the Power Mode The MRC-565 has several power modes that determine the DC Power consumed when the unit is in the non-transmit state. These modes do not affect the DC power consumed when in the transmit state. There are four Low Power Modes. 5.2.4.1 LPM,OFF In this mode the unit operates without going to low power modes. A typical current draw for this mode is about 130 ma, although during certain software functions the current may get as high as 180 ma. These function include FALSH download. The current can be reduced about 20 ma if the Ethernet interface is not required. To turn off the interface use the turn off any ports that use the Ethernet port using the ASSIGN command. ASSIGN,E1F1,OFF 5.2.4.2 LPM,SP In this mode, the CF and DSP processors operates in a low power mode. The receiver front end is always active, and will produce an interrupt that wakes up the DSP when RF energy is detected in the receiver bandwidth (10 kHz). When the DSP receives a wakeup interrupt, it will demodulate the received signal and start looking for the Correlation pattern that is the front end of all MBNET 200 data frames. When Correlation is detected, the DSP will wake the CF by raising the DSP_SP. In this manner the MRC-565 can operate in a relatively low power mode while still able to respond to received signals from the Master. Once the unit receives and processes the Received data, it will go back to the LPM. It should be noted that unit will be in the LPM even if the TXQ has data to send. This means there is relatively low receive current even when there is data to send as opposed to the MCC 545B LPM which operates at full receive current until all data is sent. An interrupt timer is built into the hardware that wakes up the CF and DSP every 10 seconds. This allows an operator typing on the keyboard (holding down the "period" key for about 10 Page 45 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS seconds to wake the unit up. Applying an external voltage to the Ignition input (IN2+) can also be used to turn on the power within 10 seconds of applying the voltage. This mode has the advantage that the receiver is always active, which means that it can respond to Master station Idle probes at any time. Wake up time to a receive signal is a few milliseconds 5.2.4.3 LPM,ALARM This mode is the same at LPM,SP except that when there is no data to transmit, the entire radio receiver is turned off, and current drops to about 50 ma. This mode also uses an interval timer to wake up the CF processor every 10 seconds. In addition to the timer an internal alarm clock can also be programmed to wake the CF up at a specific interval. Use the following command to set an alarm clock interval:

PTW,NN Applying an external voltage to the Ignition input (IN2+) can also be used to turn on the power within 10 seconds of applying the voltage. Where NN is a wake up interval in seconds. Wake up time from this mode is less than 1 second. 5.2.4.4 LPM,PWR In this mode the CF is held in LPM,SP state until all data is transmitted. It then turns power off to all internal circuitry except the Alarm clock. In this mode the internal timer is not power on, so the only way to wake up the unit is to set the PTW to wake up the unit at a specific interval using the following command:

PTW,NN Where NN is the wake up interval. In the is mode you must also set an power time out interval which turn power off:

PTO,XXX Where XX is the time before power is turned off. You can also turn power onto to the unit by applying an external voltage(+3 to +12V) to the Ignition input (IN2+) can also be used to turn on the power at any time. A summary of the power modes and the expected current while operating in each mode. Page 46 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS DESCRIPTION MODE LPM off with Ethernet on LPM,OFF LPM off with Ethernet off LPM,OFF LPM,SP Rx on, CF halted, power on LPM,ALARM Rx off, CF halted, power on Rx off, CF halted, power off LPM,PWR Current WU TIME 130ma NA 110ma NA 75 ma 50 ma 2 ma 3 MSEC 300 MSEC 3 SECONDS 5.2.5 Selecting Network Parameters MRC recommends using the given default network parameters (values that are set on power-up or after reset). If you choose to change these parameters, first review the discussion in this Section and in Section 4.8.5, then use the following commands to change to the desired settings:

SNP{,pname,value}

where "pname" is the network parameter and "value" is a limit dependent on "pname". The

"pname" parameters are as follows:

TTL Time-to-live in minutes (default is 120 minutes); this is the time limit for a message to reach its destination before it is deleted from the queue. The time-to-live parameter input is truncated to a 10-minute boundary. If you enter 60 through 69, the TTL for the next message will be 60 minutes. A resultant value of 0 (parameter range 0 9) means the message will never time out. TTR Time-to-retransmit in minutes (default is 30 minutes); i.e., the message is retransmitted if it has not reached its destination within this time frame. NUP Neighbor-up threshold (default is 2 acquisitions); the number of times a Station must hear from another Station within a one minute time interval before it becomes a neighbor. NDOWN Neighbor-down threshold in minutes (default is 120 minutes); if there is no communication with a neighboring Station within the set time, the route to that neighbor is ignored. Setting NDOWN to 0 maintains the routing to the neighbor indefinitely. RDOWN communication with a Remote Station within the set time, the Remote is declared down and is removed from the Remote table. Setting RDOWN to 0 keeps a Remote defined indefinitely. OTL Outstanding text limit (default is 20 texts); the number of messages a Station is allowed to send to another Station without an end-to-end acknowledgment. Remote-down threshold in minutes (default is 2 minutes); if there is no Page 47 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS End-to-end ACK message precedence (default is 2 precedence); the History file timeout in minutes (default is 5 minutes); maintains information for CONNP MASTER OPERATION ONLY - Connectivity message precedence (default is 1 precedence); information on changes in the connectivity table is given highest precedence

(automatic feature). ETEAP acknowledgment of a message when it reaches its final destination is given highest precedence. HTO duplicate filtering. TEXTL MASTER OPERATION ONLY - Text size in segments (default is 32 segments). FLOODP MASTER OPERATION ONLY - Partial "flooding" precedence level (default is A precedence). Messages of this precedence level and above are transmitted over all routes of minimum length; messages below this precedence are not sent over all minimum length routes, but are sent only over the routes where the shortest transmit queues exist. MBHOP meteor burst link hop weight (default is 1 hop). Defines the number of network hops to associate with a meteor burst Master Station link when determining the minimum path to use in routing a message. MBHOP should be set high enough to prevent a meteor burst Master Station link to be chosen over a line-of-sight Remote to Remote link in a network that is predominantly line-of-sight. INF MASTER OPERATION ONLY - Infinity hop quantity (default is 8 hops). Defines the width of the network in hops plus one to determine when connectivity to a node is broken. Should be as low as possible to minimize auto-connectivity traffic in the network, but large enough to not erroneously flag nodes as being offline. RELAY MASTER OPERATION ONLY - Relay function specification (default is ON). Specifies whether the MC-565 should act like a Remote in terms of relay functionality (i.e., does not share connectivity table with other Masters. Priority of data reports initiated at the MRC-565 (default is Y precedence). When DATAP used in any data collection network, this setting defines the precedence of data reports generated asynchronously by the equipment itself. Typically, it should be lower than operator entered messages and commands. 5.3 Local Area Network Configuration The MRC 525 has two groups of Network setup commands IPCONFIG and the enhanced ASSIGN commands. Each group of commands has several options, as shown below and in the command summary table at the end of this chapter. The IPCONFIG commands set up IP addresses for the Ethernet ports The ASSIGN commands were enhanced to include the Ethernet and RX's. The RX port numbers are the Channel Numbers selected in CHANNEL command Page 48 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.3.1 I/O Configuration Commands ASSIGN, FUNCTION, PORT, PROTOCOL, TIMEOUT Function = MNT, DTA, ALT, POS, (RS-232 Port Functions) E1F1, E1F2, E1F3, E1F4, (Ethernet1 Functions) RX1, RX2, RX3 5.3.1.1 Port Settings Using ASSIGN Command The ASSIGN command is used to control the port settings and has been enhanced over the MCC 545B to include not only the serial data ports but also the Receiver and Ethernet ports. ASSIGN Command Summary where:

Examples: ASSIGN, DTA, 1, MSC2, 5 Protocol = ASCII, MSC, MSC2, CR10X, CR1000, MBNET, PKT, PAKBUS, SERPKT, APCL5, GPS, RTCM, M12RTCM, M12DIFF, TRAN, UAIS, GYRO, SOUNDER, PHAROS, H350, DIRECT, GENERIC, AEI, HOTBOX, DRIVERs.MPL 0, 1, 2 (RS-232 ports) 3 4, 5, 6, 7 (Ethernet1 Ports) 0, 1, 2 Timeout = Optional timeout value in seconds. Port =

(RF Receiver Functions)

(Rx Channels)

(I2C) ASSIGN, E1F1, 4, ASCII, 30 ASSIGN,RX1,0 where the last number is the channel number described above. ASSIGN.ALT,2,IPC1 ASSIGN,POS,3,IPC2 A typical printout from entering:

ASSIGN. Task Port Protocol T/O Type State Baud P D S F IP Address Port TP PT

MNT 0 ASCII 30 SERIAL Open 9600 N 8 1 N *

ALT 2 IPC1 30 SERIAL Connected 115200 N 8 1 N DTA 1 MSC2 30 SERIAL Open 9600 N 8 1 N POS 3 IPC2 30 SERIAL Connected 115200 N 8 1 N E1F1 4 ASCII 30 ETHERNET Connected 192.168.10.1 04000 FTRC 12 TRACEFILE 30 RX1 00 MBNET LB VHF RX2 01 MBNET LB VHF RX3 02 MBNET LB VHF Page 49 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.3.1.2 Ethernet Port Configurations Settings The IPCONFIG commands is used to set up IP address for the Ethernet port. IPCONFIG Command Summary Description IPCONFIG IPCONFIG,ALL IPCONFIG,{E1},OFF IPCONFIG,PORT,192.168.16.30 IPCONFIG,PORT,DHCPC,{ON,OFF}

IPCONFIG,GATEWAY,192.168.16.2 IPCONFIG,SUBNETMASK,255.255.255.0 IPCONFIG,MAC1,00-CF-54-85-CF-00 The MRC 565 has one Ethernet Port, E1. You can connect to the Ethernet Port by connecting a laptop computers Ethernet port to the front panel Ethernet Connector. Use the Operator RS232 Port to set the IP as shown below. Display IP Settings Display ipconfig, arp and routing Disable Operation on a port Enable operation , supply IP address Enable/Disable DHCP Client on a port Define IP Gateway for all ports Define subnet mask Enter port 1 MAC Address IPCONFIG,E1,192.168.10.1 Factory default Set the IP address of the Laptop to a fixed address:

IP ADDRESS 192.168.10.10 MASK 255.255.255.0 GATEWAY Dont care Before you can connect to an Ethernet Port, ensure that an Ethernet Port is assigned using the following command. ASSIGN,E1F1,4,ASCII,30 This assigns Ethernet Function E1 to Port 4 using ASCII protocol. Note that this port is not the MNT function. You can now start XTERM. In XTERM:

Select Device Type MCC 6100 SDR. Set to connect to IP 192.168.10.1 Set the Port Number to 4000 An Ethernet connection to the MRC 565 is much faster than the RS 232 ports and really speeds up the download of the Operating System (OS) software. Page 50 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.3.2 Scheduling MRC-565 Events The SCHED command allows you to schedule automated command "events". An "event" simply consists of giving one or more commands a trigger time. When the MRC-565's real-time clock reaches the trigger time, the scheduler invokes the command as though you had entered it from the MRC-565's operator terminal. Two different types of time trigger options are provided for command scheduling: INTERVAL and TIME. The INTERVAL trigger allows you to schedule a command to be invoked at periodic intervals within a 24-hour time period; the TIME trigger allows you to schedule a command to be invoked only once at a specified point within a 24 hour period. The command schedule list is restarted each time the real-time clock reaches midnight. To display the current schedule list, enter:

To add a new command to the schedule list, enter:

SCHED,type,time{OFFSET,time},command SCHED where: type = INTERVAL or TIME (I or T) time = hours:minutes:seconds OFFSET,hh:mm:ss = time offset from specified timeframe (optional) command = any MRC-565 command (with parameters) To remove command event(s) from the schedule list, enter:

where: xxx = ALL (erases entire schedule) SCHED,DEL,xxx or

= schedule list number (removes single scheduled event from the schedule list) You can schedule several command events to trigger at the same time, however, you cannot force one command to execute before or after another. After assigning command events to the schedule, the order of commands displayed in the schedule list is the order in which the events will trigger for any given trigger time (i.e., an event with a low schedule number occurs before an event with a higher schedule number). 5.3.3 Setting Timeout Duration There is one programmable time limit for the I/O port input on the MRC-565. MRC recommends using the pre-programmed default timeout parameter. If you choose to change the Page 51 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS timeout the time limits may be set by entering the number of seconds, from 0 to 32767. Enter a 0 to turn off the time limit. Command STT,secs Description The Set Teleprinter Timeout command sets the time limit for characters at the maintenance terminal. Default is 60 seconds (1 minute). 5.3.4 Defining Data Relays The ambient noise conditions at a remote station site may sometimes be excessive and a poor communication path to the Master Station will result particularly if the remote station is operating in a meteor burst mode. To overcome this problem, another MRC-565 may be placed in a nearby quiet location and used as relay station between the MRC-565 at the noisy site and its master station. When used as a relay, the MRC-565 will concentrate the data reports it receives from one or more neighboring remote sites and forwards the data to the Master Station. In this mode, the MRC-565 must be defined as a Master Station. The relay will then receive Group data reports from other MRC-565 units located in noisy or un secure locations and repackage them and forward them to the Master Station. A relay can handle sixteen GROUP reports. These reports can be in any combination; i.e., four groups from each of four Remote units, one group from each of sixteen Remote units or any combination in between. Substitution tables must be established in both the relay unit and at the Master Station to manage the relay function. When a designated GROUP report is received at the relay, it will substitute its own ID and group number in the report as defined in its substitution table and forward the data to an MRC-520B Master Station using the MRC-550C RF format rather than the standard MRC-565 message format. When the relayed data is received at the MRC-520B it reconstructs the original data report based on its own substitution table and route the report as required. The following command is used to define the entries in the substitution table for a relay unit:

SUBST,relay_id,relay_group,remote_id,remote_group where: relay_id is the relay unit's ID is the data group report number at the relay is the originating Remote unit's ID relay_group remote_id remote_group is the data group report number at the originating Remote unit 5.3.5 Scaling A/D Readings The MRC-565 contain a 12 bit A/D converter that is used to measure 16 analog voltages input including:

Page 52 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 0- 20VDC Uses a lookup table to relate the printed power levels to the VF voltage Uses a lookup table to relate the printed power levels to the VR voltage Battery Voltage Power Amplifier Power Amplifier Power Amplifier Temperature Six Internal Regulated Voltages Six External Voltages (ADC1 ADC6) Table 5.2-1 below lists the various parameters. The MRC-565 automatically converters the raw readings from its A/D converter to calibrated engineering units for operator use. The scale factor and offset values for the first ten parameter are preset in the software and should not be changed. The final 6 parameters are external parameters that are input through the I/O connector. (Refer to Section 4.4.1.4) Entering the following command will produce a table of A/D readings along with their scale and offset values as well as Raw and Cal values for each parameter SCALE 16 parameters are read by the A/D converter as noted below. Table 5. MRC-565 Scaling Factors SCALE 0.0048800 0.0000221 0.0000221 0.2250000 0.0012207 0.0012207 0.0012207 0.0012207 0.0012207 0.0012207 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 1.0000000 CHAN VBAT PA_VF PA_VR PATEMP 3.3V 1.8V 1.5VCFC 3.3DSP 1.6DSPC 1.2VFPGAC ADC1 ADC1 ADC1 ADC1 ADC1 ADC1 Scale factors and offset values are dependent on the range of input voltages for these parameters. SCALED ADC 12.448880 0.000000 0.000000 3.2897865 1.7748978 1.3842738 3.2653725 1.5331992 1.1804169 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 RAW ADC 2551.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 2695.0000 1454.0000 1134.0000 2675.0000 1256.0000 967.00000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 OFFSET 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000

-58 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Page 53 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The input voltage at the I/O connector must not exceed 5.00 VDC. A 12 bit A/D converter is used to convert the input voltage to a digital value from 0 to 4095. Scale Factor is set using the following formula:

Scale Factor = (5.0/4095) *1/INPUT DIVIDER = .0012207 * 1/INPUT DIVIDER Where the INPUT DIVIDER is the voltage attenuator at the ADC input required to keep the maximum input voltage below 5.00 VDC Use the following command to change scale and offset values for each of the external inputs:

SCALE,ADCn,SCALE,OFFSET MON{,d{,r}}

5.3.6 Selecting the Burst Monitor The MRC-565 has a unique meteor burst monitoring capability that allows monitoring the number of characters received, the RF signal level and other parameters on each reception. To turn on the burst monitor and to record statistics on a meteor burst link, type:

The two optional parameters are designed to limit the printout. The burst monitor generates two or three lines of printout for every burst. This could conceivably create hundreds of pages of printout a day in a network environment. The first parameter is the duration character count limit. Only meteors lasting long enough to deliver "d" characters will be monitored. The second parameter is the received character count limit; if at least "r" characters are received on the burst, a monitor line will be generated. The default values are 100 for "d" and 1 for "r". For example, to limit the printout, but still receive some maintenance benefit from the monitor, enter:

This will limit the printout to meteors that have a duration character count greater than 500, or a received character count greater than 100. These parameters may be adjusted as desired. The command MONOFF turns off the burst monitor MON,500,100 5.3.7 Controlling the Hourly Statistics Report By default, an hourly statistics report is generated on the maintenance terminal port on the hour. This report consists of the same statistic reports generated by the BINS, MEM, and STAT commands. The hourly report can be disabled by entering the command:

Page 54 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS HOURLIES,OFF The hourly report can be re-enabled by entering the command:

HOURLIES,ON 5.3.8 Reading Internal Sensor Values The MRC-565 radio has the capability to read certain sensor values, e.g. Internal rechargeable battery (-03 only), internal temperature, etc. Following are the most commonly used commands to read these sensor values, please note that some commands are only available on -03 radios. For a more detailed description of this feature, refer to Section 4.7. COMMAND EVENT,STATUS,PATEMP EVENT,STATUS,BAT EVENT,STATUS,LBAT EVENT,STATUS,ADC1 { thru DC6}

DESCRIPTION Reads the internal PA temperature of the unit Reads the unloaded battery (external) of the radio Reads the loaded battery (external) of the radio 5.3.9 Power Turn On The MRC-565 has the ability for the radio to be powered off by the CF Processor. This can be used to turn the radio off under electronic control for purposes of reduction standby operating current. An external control signal (e.g. car ignition, data logger, etc) connected to the I/O port is used to turn the unit on. This external signal (+3 to 12VDC voltage) is applied to the optical isolated port 2, available on the 25 pin connector (I/O Port). There is an internal 2000 ohms resister to limit the current. To connect the control signal to IN2, apply +V to IN2+ (Pin 3 on DB-25 connector) and V

(ground) to IN2- (Pin 4 on DB-25 connector). To enable the power off feature, use the following command to set the Power Time Out (PTO) in seconds to turn the radio off after the IN2 is removed. where xxx is the timeout in seconds. PTO,xxx NOTE PTO command must not be used (i.e. set to PTO,OFF) if JP2 is installed. Page 55 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.3.10 Saving and Restoring the Configuration To aid your understanding how the MRC-565 operational configuration is saved and restored it is helpful to understand the hardware and design philosophy of the MRC-565. The MRC-565 is designed to operate unattended in a variety of environments where power may be applied continuously or intermittently. The goal is for the unit to continue to operate without loss of messages, data or configuration even if power is randomly turned on and off. Therefore the software is designed to operate continuously, to save all operational information when power is off and to resume operation from that point when power is restored. To support this philosophy, the MRC-565 has three types of memory:

PROGRAM MEMORY (PM) CONFIGURATION PARAMETER (CPM) RAM The PM is non-volatile flash memory that has been programmed with the MRC-565's operational software (OS). This software contains the initial values of all operational parameters. The values are referred to as the "factory defaults" because they are programmed into the MRC MRC-565 operating system software at the factory. The PM can only be modified by replacing the operating system using the flash download. (Consult XTERMW manual to learn how to download a new flash into the PM.) The RAM contains all the dynamic data for the MRC-565. All data logger data, positional data, and messages entered into the MRC-565 are stored in RAM. Also, all command parameters are stored in RAM. But RAM is volatile and can only retain information while power is applied. Turning off or disconnecting power will cause all RAM information to be lost. During normal operation, the MRC-565 software operates from the data and the parameters that are stored in RAM. Unfortunately, there are always situations when the RAM data may be lost or corrupted due to total discharge of the battery, software crash or operator error. Since we do not want to lose our configuration data during these situations, we have a third type of memory. The third type of memory, CPM, is also nonvolatile flash memory and retains data even when power is removed. The MRC-565 retains a copy of all the programmed configuration parameters in CPM. The MRC MRC-565 will write configuration parameters, which have been entered from the operator port, into CPM when the SAVE command is entered. Only values that have changed are written into CPM. Whenever the unit radio ID is changed the MRC MRC-565 will automatically SAVE the configuration. A validation checksum is used by the MRC-565 to verify the data in CPM is correct. If the checksum is invalid, the unit will revert to factory defaults. When the MRC-565 ships from the factory it is programmed with the following default configuration: the Operator Port (port 0) is set for 9600 baud, 8 data bits, 1 stop bit, no parity, ASCII protocol and no flow control. This provides a known starting point for communicating to the unit from a terminal or computer. From this starting point, the user can program the unit ID Page 56 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS and other operational parameters and then use the "Save" command to write them to CPM. As soon as the parameters are entered they take effect. Once the software is rebooted or is restarted due to a SW crash, power cycle, operator BOOT, all changes will be lost unless they were previously saved in CPM. CAUTION 5.4 Sending and Receiving Messages The MRC-565 is a packet data radio and therefore enables an operator to send and receive messages to all units within the network. The messages may be entered from an operator terminal that is connected to the MNT PORT of the MRC-565. There are three basic message types: (1) free-form text messages, (2) canned messages and (3) commands. The general format for all messages is shown below:

where: R = Message priority; A is highest, Z is lowest. MESSAGE, R , dest 1, dest 2, dest n dest = ID of the station(s) to which the message will be sent. The message text is then entered and edited in the TEXT EDIT BUFFER. They are then transferred to one or more TX QUEUE buffers for transmission to the designated destinations. The diagram below depicts the general flow of messages within the MRC-565 software and the various commands associated with each step in the process. Page 57 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS

[SHOW]

[FLUSH]

[DEL]

[SMS]

[MESSAGE]

[REMCMD]

[CANMSG]

TEXT EDIT BUFFER

[ESC]

TX QUEUE TO/FROM NEIGHBORING STATIONS ACK END-TO-END ACK EDIT COMMANDS RX QUEUE

[DEL]

[ESC]

PRINT

[SHOW]

[FLUSH]

[DEL]

[SMS]

Figure 7. Message Flow and Associated Commands The following operations are explained in this section:

SECTION OPERATIONS 5.3.1 5.3.2 5.3.3 5.3.4 5.3.5 5.3.6 5.3.7 5.3.8 Entering and Deleting Messages Editing Messages Sending Messages Sending Commands Sending Canned Messages Receiving Messages Examining Message Status Examining and Revising Message Queues 5.4.1 Entering and Deleting Messages All messages are composed and edited in the TEXT EDIT BUFFER. Messages may be 3,570 characters in length. When composing the message press [ENTER] at the end of each 80 character line. There is a default destination programmed into the MRC-565 during the installation and initialization of the unit when it is first brought on-line in the network. If a message is not given a specific destination it will be sent to the default destination only. To enter a message:

Page 58 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 1. Type MESSAGE. The operator terminal will respond with ENTER TEXT. The MRC-565 will now be in the compose and edit mode. 2. Enter a message up to 3,570 characters in length, pressing [ENTER] at the end of each 80 character line. 3. Press the [ESC] key. The message will now be transferred to a Tx queue and will be automatically transmitted to the default destination at a priority level R. The following message will be displayed, or printed, on the operator terminal:

hh:mm:ss Message No: name:ss,nnnn chars, nnn segments hh:mm:ss ROUTING name :sss TXT sss/nn TO: name If you wish to send a message to multiple destinations, and at a different priority level, type MESSAGE, R, dest1, dest2, dest n where: R is any priority level from A to Z. A is the highest and Z is the lowest. Dest is the numerical ID of the stations to which the message will be routed. NOTE If you also want to send the message to your default destination you must enter its station numerical ID as one of the destination parameters (dest1, dest2, etc.) as specified above. Three other special editing functions may be used:

1. To Retransmit the Previously Entered Message To retransmit a previously entered message simply depress the [ESC] key after the operator terminal prints ENTER TEXT and before any other key is depressed. The previous message entered into the TEXT EDIT BUFFER will then be sent to the destinations that are now designated in the MESSAGE command. 2. To Revise the Previously Entered Message To revise a previously entered message press [CTRL]T after the ENTER TEXT prompt to revise a previously entered message or to recover from an aborted session. The previous message will be displayed with the cursor placed at the end of the message. You may now resume editing the message. 3. To Delete a Message To delete a message after it has been placed in the Tx Queue, type Page 59 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS DELMSG, ID: sss sss is the message serial number where: ID is the numerical station ID The operator terminal will print the date and time, followed by MESSAGE DELETED. 5.4.2 Editing Messages The following editing functions may be used from the keyboard while the message is in the TEXT EDIT BUFFER. KEY

[DEL]

[CTRL]R

[CTRL]I

[ENTER]

[LF]

[CTRL]X FUNCTION Deletes the last character entered. Prints the current line of text on the next line down. Performs a fixed tab function Removes the current line from the edit buffer. Performs a carriage return and line feed. Performs a carriage return and line feed. Removes the current line from the edit buffer and places the cursor at the end of the previous line. Prints the contents of the edit buffer & puts cursor at the end of text. Erases the entire contents of the edit buffer.

[CTRL]D

[CTRK]A Aborts the edit mode and returns to the command mode.

[CTRL]T

[ESC]

A + indicates the command mode. Leaves text edit mode and queues the message for transmission. 5.4.3 Sending Messages Messages are automatically stored for transmission with the [ESC] key. Each message will be placed in the Tx Queue in accordance with its assigned priority. Messages of equal priority are placed in the Tx Queue in the order received from the TEXT EDIT BUFFER. The following display will appear on the operator terminal as the MRC-565 stores and routes a message:

hh:mm:ss Message No: name:ss,nnnn chars, nnn segments hh:mm:ss ROUTING name :sss TXT sss/nn TO: name Messages are transmitted in packets and are routed to their destination in a store and forward manner, using the most efficient routing within the packet switched network. The originating station will receive an acknowledgement (ACK) if the message has been received successfully by the first routing station. Page 60 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS hh:mm:ss END-TO-END ACK OF name:sss FROM name mm/dd/yy hh:mm:ss TXTMSG ACK name:sss, xxxx CHARS FROM name When the entire message has been delivered to its final destination an end-to-end acknowledgement will be displayed on the operator terminal:

If the end-to-end ACK is not received within the specified time-to-live limit, the MRC-565 will purge the message from the Tx Queue and display the following message:

You must then reenter the message. Continued failure to successfully transmit a message indicates that something may be wrong with the equipment or the link (e.g., excessive noise interference). hh:mm:ss MESSAGE TIME-TO-LIVE EXPIRED, MSG.NO:sss, DESTN: name 5.4.4 Sending Remote Commands Commands may be sent to any station within the network. The entry of a command is similar to the MESSAGE command described in Section 4.3.1. where: R REMCMD, R, dest1, dest2, destn

priority level numerical ID of destination station(s) dest hh:mm:ss Message No: name:sss, nnnn chars, nnn segments The operator is then prompted to enter the text of the command using the message editor. Once the command is entered, press the [ESC] key to send the command. The operator terminal will display:

A response will be received from the destination station(s) if it was successfully received. Number of 14-character segments Message Number (0-255) Number of characters Destination ID 5.4.5 Sending Canned Messages The MRC-565 may be placed into a canned message mode for automatic transmission of a repetitive message to an assigned neighboring station. In the canned message mode no more Page 61 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS CANMSG,id CANMSG,id,msg length{,min.queue depth}{,total number of messages}

than 25 messages may be placed into the Tx Queue at one time. You may either send an edited text message or a message that is generated from the alphabet. To enter a canned message generated from the alphabet, enter:

where id is the neighboring station ID, the message length is from 1 to 3000 characters and the queue depth is from 1 to 25. The default queue depth is 5. Additional canned messages will be automatically injected if the number of canned messages in the queue falls below the minimum queue depth. To enter an edited canned message, enter:

where id is the neighboring stations ID. After composing your message press the [ESC] key. The MRC-565 will automatically route up to 25 copies of the canned message to the destination station. Each canned message will be acknowledged by the selected neighboring station. No end-to-end acknowledgement will be received. If the TOTAL parameter was entered the canned message mode will stop when the desired number of messages have been transmitted. To manually terminate the mode, enter:

Canned messages are normally not printed at the destination station. To print canned messages as they are received, enter:

To turn off the print mode, enter:

CANMSG MODE,NO PRINT CANMSG MODE,PRINT CANMSG OFF,id 5.4.6 Receiving Messages When a new message is received it is announced by the following display:

hh:mm:ss RECEIVING name:sss TXT sss/nn FROM name ROUTED TO: name Page 62 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS hh:mm:ss TXTMSG ACK name:sss, nnnn CHARS FROM name The MRC-565 then generates an ACK of the message packet and transmits the ACK to the neighbor from whom the message was received:

When the destination MRC-565 receives a complete message, it displays the following message:

where name:sss is the message serial number. Messages are deleted as they are displayed or printed unless they are being forwarded to further destinations. hh:mm:ss MSG RECEIVED name:sss, xxxx CHARS text

**end-of-message**

5.4.7 Examining Message Status The status of all messages may be examined while they are still in the Tx Queue. (Note: once an end-to-end acknowledgement is received for a message it is deleted from the queue). To examine a message, enter:

SMS {,ID}

5.4.8 Examining and Revising Message Queues There are two types of queues for transmitting and receiving messages:

QUEUE NAME DESCRIPTION TXQ

(Transmit Queue) RXQ

(Receive Queue) This queue is used for transmitting all messages. There is a separate transmit queue for each neighboring station in the network. For example, if you enter a message for DEST1 That message is placed in DEST1s transmit queue. This queue is used for all received messages. There is a separate receive queue for each neighboring station in the network. For example, to examine message statistics from NODE5, examine the receive queue from NODE5. SHOW TXQ,ID or SHOW RXQ,ID To examine the contents of either queue, type:

You must specify the queue by entering the station ID. For example, SHOW TXQ,006 prints statistics for all messages being transmitted to station 006. You can only examine the receive and transmit queues for neighbor stations in the network. Page 63 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS queue flushed Id:sss unlinked {and deleted}

FLUSH TXQ,id or FLUSH RXQ,id To delete the contents of the transmit and receive queues, you must specify the exact queue by entering a station name:

For each message deleted, the terminal prints:

The and deleted text appears only if the message is not present in another queue. When all messages have been deleted, the terminal prints:

To delete a specific message, enter:

The terminal prints:

To delete all messages from all queues, enter:

For each message deleted, the terminal prints:

Entering the FLUSH MSG command deletes all messages in all queues for every node of the network, including connectivity and end-to-end acknowledgment messages. DEL MSG,id:sss Message deleted FLUSH MSG Id:sss deleted 5.5 Sensor I/O Port A limited data acquisition capability is built in to the MRC-565 for those applications when a full data logger capability is not required. The following capability is provided:

4 optically isolated inputs for discrete ON/OFF functions 6 analog voltage inputs (0 to 5V) 2 solid state switches In addition, +12VDC is supplied for sensor power and a +5V reference voltage for sensor excitation is available. Page 64 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The Sensor port interface is a 25-pin male D connector. The connector pin outs and their respective functions are shown below. The analog voltages are routed to a 12-bit analog-to-digital converter (ADC) which provides a resolution of +/-.1% and an accuracy over temperature of 1%. Pin 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 SIGNAL PORT Signal Optocoupled input #1 positive

(500 ohm resistor) SDI-12 Data Optocoupled input #2 positive

(500 ohm resistor) Optocoupled input #1,2,3,&4 return Optocoupled input #3 positive

(500 ohm resistor) Det RF Channel 3 Optocoupled input #4 positive

(500 ohm resistor) Det RF Channel 2 Ground SS Relay Out #1 - .5 Amp Rating SS Relay Out #1 +

Signal Presence SP SS Relay Out #2 - .5 Amp Rating SS Relay Out #2 +

TX Key

+5V Reference (10 ma max) +/- 2%

Analog Input #1 ( 0 to 5 V) Analog Input #2 ( 0 to 5 V) Analog Input #3 ( 0 to 5 V) Analog Input #4 ( 0 to 5 V) Analog Input #5 ( 0 to 5 V) Analog Input #6 ( 0 to 5 V)

+12V Switched (.5 A Max)

+12V (0.5A Max) Detected RF Channel 1 A 25-pin terminal block is a convenient means for interfacing to the various sensors and control points. 5.6 Data Loggers Interface Page 65 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Any data logger that MRC supports and has an RS-232 interface may be connected to any one of the 3 ports on the MRC-565. Normally, the Data or AUX Port is used. You may connect to either port using a 9-pin D type connector:

OPERATIONS PIN FUNCTION 2 TX Data 3 RX Data 5 Ground ASSIGN,DTA,OFF [ENTER]

ASSIGN, DTA, 1, type [ENTER]

Three commands are required to configure the Data Port for proper operation with the particular data logger being used:

The first command clears any previous assignments that still may be in effect for the DTA Port. The second command assigns a specific type of data logger and protocol to the DTA Port. The specific type of data loggers that MRC supports may be obtained from MRC or your System Administrator. The following section explains the interface of Campbell Scientific Data LoggerS to MRC-565. 5.7 CR10X Data Logger The MRC-565 RF Modem can be used with the Campbell Scientific CR10X data logger to transmit data from a remote site to a destination in a Meteor Burst (MB) or Line-Of-Sight (LOS) network. Because of the unique timing of a MB system, the MRC-565 does not provide a real-

time connection between a CR10X and a PC running a data collection program as a pair of dedicated phone modems would. The connection is a packet store-and-forward type instead. The design approach used was not to add the MRC-565 to the list of modems supported by the CR10X, but to add the CR10X to the list of data loggers supported by the MRC-565. Each CR10X data-array recorded in the final storage is treated as a data logger packet by the MRC-

565. Packets are acquired by the MRC-565 from the CR10X, and delivered through the MB network to another MRC-565 or master station. The packets are then printed on one of the RS-

232 ports at the destination unit in a format that is compatible with all the other supported data loggers. In this type of system, the central data system does not poll each remote for its data. Instead, each remote MRC-565 gets the data from the locally attached CR10X using an internal data acquisition schedule and CR10X driver software module, then routes it to a particular destination. The MRC-565 driver module uses the CR10X telecommunications commands to read the data from the final storage. It is then the responsibility of the central data system to store and process the data as it arrives from each remote site. Page 66 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS Because of the flexibility of both the CR10X and the MRC-565, several parameters must be setup to define the operation of the data acquisition process used to get data from the CR10X to the MRC-565. The following sections show the command structure as it relates to the CR10X driver, and then discusses each command in detail. 5.7.1 CR10X Commands The following tree diagram shows the commands used to set up and configure the CR10X data Logger drivers in the MRC-565 RF Modem. An example is: CR10X,ACQMODE,ALL. Page 67 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS

,ACQMODE,ALL

,CURRENT

,LAST,N Display CR10X configuration parameters Get all reports since previous scan Get only the current (last) data group Get only the last N data groups (backsup N data groups from the last one)

,SETPTR,DATE,TIME Manual set up of last data pointer in the MRC-565

,INTERVAL,N

,OFF Scan interval in seconds Scan only when UPDT command is entered

,ORDER,FIFO

,LIFO (not avail) Get final storage data in FIFO order Get final storage data in LIFO order

,GROUP,MRC-565A

,CR10X Let MRC-565 assign group numbers Get Group Number from 1st stored sensor

,TIME,MRC-565A

,CR10X

,MAXQ,NNN Use MRC-565 internal Time Get time from 2nd and 3rd sensor Set maximum number of reports to queue for each scan of the CR10X

,SCALE,CR10X

,INT (or MRC-565A) Scale sensors in cr10X Hex units Scale sensors in integer Hex units

,REGISTER,N N,DDD Read internal storage register N Set internal storage register N to DDD

,STAT

,RESET Read and display CR10X internal pointers and error statistics. Reset CR10X internal error statistics.

,SECURITY,1111,2222,3333 Enter CR10X Internal Security Codes

,SIGNATURE Read and Display Current CR10X programs Signature.

,MODEM ENABLE Enable/Disable use of ME/Ring control CR10X 5.7.2 Parameter Default Values Default values are set up to support systems already deployed in the field. These are defined to allow only the last single data group to be read each time the UPDT command is entered or scheduled in the MRC-565. The time tag will use internal MRC-565 date and time, it is assumed the day and time are not stored in the CR10X data arrays, scaling will be in CR10X Hex format, transmission in FIFO order, group assignment by the MRC-565 and the maximum queue depth Page 68 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance will be 200. The use of MODEM ENABLE is normally off and the RING line is tied high to keep the CR10X in an active state. The current values are viewed by entering CR10X<Enter> as shown in the following example. OPERATIONS

+cr10x 04/08/14 10:43:12 ACQMODE = ALL INTERVAL = OFF ORDER = FIFO GROUP = CR10X TIME = CR10X MAXQ = 3 SCALE = CR10X MODEM ENABLE = OFF 5.7.3 Acquire Mode There are three modes used by the MRC-565 for controlling data acquisition from the CR10X. These are "ALL", "CURRENT", and "LAST,N". The CR10X,ACQMODE,ALL mode will read all the data recorded in the Final Storage area starting from the last location read by the MRC-565. This is useful where all the data for each site is important, not just the most-recent data. This mode lets the CR10X gather data for a while then the MRC-565 can acquire all that was stored later. For example, you might want the CR10x to store data every hour, but have the MRC-565 acquire and transmit all of it at midnight. For each scan, the MRC-565 will read as many data reports as it can, limited by the CR10X,MAXQ,NN setting, and the amount of available memory. These two limits are discussed below in the memory management paragraph. The CR10X,ACQMODE,CURRENT mode will only get the very last single data group stored in the Final Storage area with each scan. It assumes there is only one group for each data interval. This is compatible with systems already installed in the field. The CR10X,ACQMODE,LAST,N mode will read the last "n" data groups each time a scan is scheduled. The value of "n" is set to the number of groups in each reporting interval. This mode is useful when you want to be able to change the reporting interval remotely, and the cr10X program cannot be modified. For example, you can setup the CR10X program to record data every minute, but have the MRC-565 acquire the most recent data every hour. You can then change the MRC-565 acquisition scan timing to any interval from one minute to 24 hours without modifying the CR10X program. Page 69 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.7.4 Data Retrieval Pointer Initialization The CR10X,SETPTR,XXXX command is used to control where the next data will be read from the CR10X Final Storage. The MRC-565 maintains an internal pointer for reading data. This pointer is accessed each time the MRC-565 requests data from the CR10X. The CR10X records data in a circular ring buffer mode and will reuse memory locations as long as it remains operational. If required, as in the case where older data was lost, when data must be re-read from the CR10X and retransmitted by the MRC-565, the internal MRC-565 data pointer can be modified to point to the start of the required data. In addition, when an MRC-565 is replaced, but the CR10X still has data, it will be necessary to set the pointer in the new MRC-565 to the last known location of the old MRC-565. There are two variations of this command. The form allows the operator to set the pointer to a numerical location. This may be known, and can be read using the STAT command shown below. The CR10X,SETPTR,DATE,TIME form will search through the CR10X Final Storage memory and set the pointer to the first data array that is equal to or greater than the given date and time. The search uses a binary algorithm, and will take a few seconds to locate the desired data point. This search mode can only be used if the CR10X has recorded the group number, date and time in the first three locations of each data array as discussed below in the Group ID Assignment and Time of Day paragraphs. 5.7.5 Update Interval The update CR10X,INTERVAL,N sets up the number of seconds between scans of the data from the CR10X. If N is set to OFF, then the MRC-565 internal SCHED command can be used to schedule UPDT,TX commands at any particular time, or interval. When set to a number from 1 to 32767 seconds, an internal timer triggers an UPDT,TX type of action at the desired interval. The interval is synchronized with time-of-day so that an interval of 10 seconds (for example) falls on 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 seconds of each minute. The interval can be set more often than data is recorded in the Final Storage, and is there is no new data since the last scan, nothing will get queued. 5.7.6 Transmission Order The order of transmission is currently limited to FIFO, but provision has been made for a later version to support LIFO. 5.7.7 Group ID Assignment The group ID can be assigned in the CR10X data arrays, or can be assigned by the MRC-565. Each group can contain from 1 to 16 sensor data values. The MRC-565 mode will assign group number 2 to each group report by default. This is for compatibility with older systems deployed in the field. Page 70 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The CR10X mode uses the group ID assigned in the CR10X by using the P80,p1,p2 instruction in the CR10X DLD File, where the 1st parameter selects Final Storage area 1, and the 2nd parameter defines the group (array ID) number. These can be assigned from 0 to 15. 5.7.8 Time of Day To send the MRC-565 time to the CR10X, enter (or schedule) a UPDT,TIME command. This will not be done when a time probe is received from the master station, as it might cause a skip in the data acquisition cycle. It should be scheduled to happen at a convenient time of day or interval using the MRC-565 SCHED command such that data will not be lost if the time advances or retards across an acquisition interval. If the time update is more than +/- two minutes from the current CR10X time, then a time resync message will be transmitted to the default destination. 5.7.9 Time Tagging The time tag assigned to each group report can be taken from the MRC-565 internal date and time as the data is read, or it can use a CR10X internal time stored in the data array. To use the CR10x internal time, the date and time in the CR10X DLD File must be set up in each group as the first two sensor values of the group using the code "110" in the P77 instruction. This records the Julian day as the first sensor, and the Hour/Minute as the second sensor. The maximum number of sensors would then be 18, and actual data would be in sensors 3-18 for 16 values. The MRC-565 will use sensor slots 1-16 for this data rather than 3-18. The time tag is placed in the data report header. If the MRC-565 time is used, actual sensor data can be recorded in sensors 1-16. If the data array has the time in each record, but you use the MRC-565 time stamp, then the 1st two sensors which actually contain the CR10X date and time will be treated as the 1st two sensor values. There is no option to skip the 1st two data array values in this case, except to use the CR10X time tag mode. 5.7.10 Memory Management Each time the MRC-565 reads data from the CR10X, it saves the last data pointer accessed in the CR10Xs Final Storage RAM. This is used at the next scheduled update interval to get the next data values without missing anything. If there is no new data recorded in the Final Storage area when the MRC-565 scans, then nothing is transmitted. The MRC-565 will try again at the next interval. The interval can be set from 1 to 32767 seconds. A good typical value to use is 60 seconds. Page 71 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The MRC-565 limits the amount of data read from the CR10X to prevent overflowing its transmit memory queue. Each time a group is read, the available memory is checked, and if it goes below 600 Queue blocks, then the MRC-565 will stop reading data from the CR10X until the next scan interval. As data is transmitted, memory will get freed up for the next interval. The CR10X,MAXQ,N setting is used to limit the number of group reports created with each scan. For example, if MAXQ is set to 20, each scan will read, at most, 20 group reports. 20 more will be read at the next interval, etc. There is no provision for limiting the length of the transmit queue as in the MRC-550 data acquisition unit. In effect, limiting the transmit queue length can be accomplished by setting the SNP,TTL,NN time to purge reports older than the given number of minutes. 5.7.11 Data Scaling Two data formats are supported, and must agree with the setup of the internal CR10x Program. Only the low-precision format is currently supported. The CR10X,SCALE,CR10X format will use the Campbell Scientific floating point format and assumes the sensors are calibrated in engineering units within the CR10X. The CR10X,SCALE,INT format assumes each sensor is calibrated in integer mV, and formats the data in 2's complement integer Hexadecimal format by truncating the fractional part of the floating point number. Example: CR10X outputs 103.7, MRC-565 truncates it to 103, then converts it to hex 0067. The value -103.7 will be converted to hex FF99. The cr10X maximum low-precision values are 13 bits where +6999 is converted to hex 1B57 and -6999 is converted to hex E4A9. The MRC-565 uses 16 bits for each sensor data value, but the MRC-550B/C (and some customers) is limited to 12 bits of significance. 5.7.12 Modem Enable By default, the use of the MODEM ENABLE line is turned OFF and the RING line is tied high to keep the CR10X awake. For applications that require very low power, the CR10X can go to sleep between operations, and must be woken up to communicate with it. This mode is enabled in the MRC-565 by the command: CR10X,MODEM ENABLE,ON. When the MRC-565 wants to communicate with the CR10X, it raises the RING line, and waits for the CR10X to raise the ME line. The ME line must be tied to the RTS line of the MRC-565. Once the ME line is high, the MRC-565 lowers the RING line and begins its command sequences. When the last command is completed, the MRC-565 sends an "E<cr>" command to the CR10X to put it back to sleep. Page 72 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.7.13 Setting/Reading CR10X Internal Registers The CR10X has internal registers that are used to hold data while it is being manipulated prior to being output to final storage memory. The MRC-565 can read these registers using local or remote commands and transmit the contents back to the originator of the remote command. In addition the contents of the registers can be changed via remote command. This capability allows the CR10X internal program to access a register value as a parameter that can be changed remotely. Some uses might include controlling switches, motors, software options, final storage update rate, input scan rate, etc. To read a register use the command CR10X,REGISTER,N where "n" is the register number. The result will be displayed as follows:

+cr10x,register,1 01/08/99 10:42:37

[+12.355 ]

The current value in the register is shown within the square brackets. To change a register use the command CR10X,REGISTER,N,XXXX where "n" is the register number and "XXXX" is the new contents in decimal or "0xHHHH" is the new contents in hexadecimal. The following example shows the old value in square brackets followed by the new value.

+cr10x,register,1,10.4 01/08/99 10:42:49

[+12.355 ] +10.400 Reading CR10X Internal Pointers and Error Statistics:

The CR10X,STAT command will read and display the CR10X internal pointers and error counters. The following example shows the response format:

+cr10x,stat 01/08/99 10:39:44 R10185 F62262 V3 A1 L10151 E00 02 00 M0256 B+3.1117 C2858 MRC-565A DPTR:08219 008 09:42, CR10X Start:007 04:09 End:008 10:39 The first line of the response is the A command response from the CR10X. It shows Rxxxx the current data pointer, Fxxxx the number of filled memory locations, Ax the storage area number, Lxxxx the last modem pointer, Exx xx xx error statistics, Mxxxx memory size, and Bxxxx internal battery voltage. The Cxxxx is a checksum value and not otherwise useful. The second line is the MRC-565 current data pointer value, the Julian day and time (hr:mn) of the report at that location, the day and time of the oldest and newest report in the CR10X Final Storage memory. The values on this line depend on the format of the data arrays having the Julian day and time in the first two sensor locations as discussed in the Time Tagging paragraph above. Page 73 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS Resetting CR10X Internal Error Statistics:

The CR10X,RESET command will zero the CR10X internal error counters.

+cr10x,reset 01/08/99 10:41:48 R10253 F62262 V3 A1 L8219 E00 00 00 M0256 B+3.1117 C3042 MRC-565A DPTR:08213 008 09:42, CR10X Start:007 04:11 End:008 10:41 This format is the same as for the STAT command shown above. Note that the error counter has been zeroed. 5.7.14 Entering CR10X Security Codes The CR10X uses security codes that are set up within the source code of the stored program. When these are included in the source code, and their values are non-zero, then access will be inhibited as described in section 1.7 of the CR10X Operators Manual. Of the 3 codes used, the MRC-565 needs code 1 and 3. Code 1 inhibits downloading and uploading operations, while code 3 inhibits all telecommunications operations except those required to allow setting up a connection to the CR10X. To enter the codes, use the command CR10X,SECURITY,XXXX,YYYY,ZZZZ Where xxxx is code 1, yyyy is code 2 and zzzz is code 3. 5.7.15 Downloading a CR10X .DLD Program A new or revised CR10X internal program can be transmitted to an MRC-565 which will then download it to the CR10X and tell the CR10X to compile and run it. The program source, in

".dld" format must be copied into a message (or multiple messages if longer than 3500 bytes) that starts with "$CR10X,DOWNLOAD," as the first 16 characters is the message fragment. Note: the last character must be a comma following the message fragment identifiers. Do not forget to use caps on all letters and to include the comma after DOWNLOAD. You should edit the .DLD files to remove all unnecessary information in order to reduce the size of the message as much as possible. Any program lines preceded with a ; are comment lines and can usually be eliminated. Following is the procedure to download a .dld file into the CR10X using XTERMW. You can use Base/Master Station to send this file to the Remote Station , or you can connect to the Operator Port (MNT) directly to the Remote Station. 1. Modify the .dld file to start with $CR10X,DOWNLOAD, 2. Save the .dld file as .msg file, which starts with "$CR10X,DOWNLOAD," .Go 3. Send and to Message File 4. Enter the destination ID, Browse to the desired .msg file and click Open Page 74 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The maximum message file length including the 16 character header must be no greater than 3500 characters. If the file length is larger than this, it can be reduced in length by editing it to remove comment lines and blank lines, or use XTERM DOS Version for larger files. (XTERM DOS can be obtained MRC upon request.) When an MRC-565 with a device driver assigned to the CR10X receives the message in this format it will be sent to the CR10X, compiled, and begin executing. A status message will be returned to the unit that originated the download message indicating whether the compilation was successful. If the program is different than the previous program, the memory in the final storage area will be deleted, otherwise it will be left untouched. Refer to the Campbell Scientific documentation for details on exactly when the data is deleted or not. 5.7.16 Replacing an MRC-565 to an Operational CR10X When an MRC-565 is connected to a CR10X that has been previously collecting data, the data pointers in the MRC-565 must be set to the current data point in the CR10X. If this is not done, the MRC-565 pointers will begin retrieving data from location 1 in the data logger. If this is not done then the data retrieved will either be all the data collected since installation or the data at the time the cR10X memory last filled and rolled back to re-use memory from location 1. Page 75 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 1. Before connecting the MRC-565 data cable to the CR10X, enter the CR10X,INTERVAL,OFF and CR10X,MAXQ,1 commands to disable the automatic data acquisition. 2. Connect the MRC-565 data cable to the CR10X, then enter the CR10X,STAT command to read the current pointer from the CR10X.

+CR10X,STAT 03/27/04 14:11:48 R+2113. F+2112. V5 A1 L+2113. E00 00 32 M0256 B+3.1027 C2967 MRC-565A DPTR:1563 331 12:26, CR10X Start:331 10:04 End:331 13:15 This report will show the MRC-565 pointer (DPTR:) and the current and maximum CR10X pointer. It also shows the start and end dates for the data set in the CR10X. Note that it does not contain the year when the data was acquired. This is why we position the pointers using the actual pointers, rather than the data report date. 3. Enter the CR10X,SETPTR,xxxxxx command to set the pointer in the MRC-565 and the CR10X to the desired point Enter the CR10X,STAT command again to verify the pointers. 4. Return the Interval and Maxq settings to the desired values to begin automatic reporting, e.g. CR10X,INTERVAL,60 and CR10X,MAXQ,200. 5. If it is necessary to recover data from the CR10X and automatically transmit it to the Host, follow the instructions in the following section. 5.7.17 Replaying Data from a CR10X Data can be replayed from a CR10X by determining where the current data pointer is in the CR10X, calculating the approximate location of the start of the data to be replayed and then setting the pointer to that location. (Note: The MRC-565 and CR10X have commands for setting the pointer by date and time, but this only works if all the data in the CR10X is for the current year. If the CR10X cannot locate the proper data, you may lose control of the CR10X, Then, do NOT use these commands.) To locate the position of the current data pointer, determine which master station the remote is reporting to and send a CR10X,STAT command to the remote. The remote command response will contain the current pointers (R) (Command responses will not be immediately received in a meteor burst system):

11/27/02 14:36:17 Command response received from 00500

#CR10X,STAT 11/27/02 14:36:10

# R+2377. F+2376. V5 A1 L+2377. E00 00 32 M0256 B+3.1027 C3003

# MRC-565A DPTR:2377 331 13:39, CR10X Start:331 10:04 End:331 13:39 Page 76 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS To now replay the data, determine the current pointer and note the date and time of the pointer reading. Each site uses about 50 words of CR10X final storage per hour, therefore determine how many hours you want to move the pointer back. Multiply by 50 and subtract the result from the current point. Send the new pointer to the remote with the CR10X,SETPTR,nnnnnn command. The remote will send back the new pointer setting:

11/27/02 14:42:41 Command response received from 00500

#cr10x,setptr,2300 A1 L+2300 C0884

# 11/27/02 14:42:33 Completed

# 11/27/02 14:42:31

# R+292750. F+2453. V5 A1 L+2454. E00 00 32 M0256 B+3.1027 C2991

# MRC-565A DPTR:291200 331 13:33, CR10X Start:331 10:04 End:331 13:46 In this example, the pointer was set back from 292750 to 291200- about 31 hours. NOTE 1 2043 will report four groups hourly and will use about 70 words per hour. NOTE 2 If the pointer calculation goes negative the pointer has wrapped around. Add the maximum pointer value to the negative pointer (F?) to determine the proper value. 5.8 CR1000 Data Logger The MRC-565 Packet Data Radio (hereafter called the radio) can be used with the Campbell Scientific CR1000 data logger to transmit data from a remote site to a destination in a Meteor Burst (MB) or Line-Of-Sight (LOS) network. Because of the unique timing of a MB system, the radios do not provide a real-time connection between a CR1000 and a PC running a data collection program as a pair of dedicated phone modems would. The connection is a packet store-and-forward type instead. Each CR1000 table data array recorded in the final storage is treated as a data logger packet by the radio. Packets are acquired by the radio from the CR1000, and delivered through the MB network to another relay radio or master station. The packets are then "printed" on one of the RS-

232 ports, or Ethernet port at the destination unit in a format that is compatible with all the other supported data loggers. In this type of system, the central data system does not "poll" each remote for its data. Instead, each remote radio gets the data from the locally attached CR1000 using an internal data acquisition schedule and CR1000 driver software module, then routes it to a particular destination. The radios driver module uses the Campbell Scientific PakBus Network Layer and SerPkt serial port protocols to read the data from the CR1000 Tables. Data is reformatted into the SDATA and MBNET standard format for transmission. It is the responsibility of the central data system to store and process the data as it arrives from each remote site. Page 77 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS MCC-545 RF MODEM CR1000 DATA SENSORS MCC-545 RF MODEM CR1000 DATA SENSORS MCC-545 RF MODEM CR1000 DATA SENSORS MCC-545A RF MODEM CR1000 DATA SENSORS CENTRAL DATA SYSTEM MCC-545 RF MODEM RF NETWORK TYPICAL DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEM Figure 8. Typical Data Acquisition System Because of the flexibility of both the CR1000 and the radio, several parameters must be setup to define the operation of the data acquisition process used to get data from the CR1000 to the radio RAM data transmit queues. The following sections show the configuration and control command structure as it relates to the CR1000 driver, and then discusses each command in detail. The MRC-565 interface to the CR1000 using Campbell Scientific PAKBUS protocol. A PAKBUS ID must be assigned to the MRC-565 before communications can occur. You can assign the ID with the following command:

PAKBUS,ID,nnn Where nnn is the ID. You can use any ID from 1-4095, but it must be different than the ID used for the CR1000. The CR1000 is typically programmed with ID = 1. To verify the MRC-565 ID enter the following command:

PAKBUS The following data is returned:

PAKBUS 05/07/14 14:46:28 ID Interval INF MyHop MyLstVer PakID IsRt Hops Port LinkState Sessions Age Modem IsCtl Isand BInt

:nnn

: 60

: 15

: 4

: 0 Page 78 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS Display CR1000 configuration parameters Scan interval in seconds Scan only when UPDT command is entered Get final storage data in FIFO order

(not avail)Get final storage data in LIFO order Manual set up of last data pointer(s) in the RADIO. Set all data pointers to this Date and Time. DATE={mm/dd/yy} TIME={hh:mm}. Get all reports since previous scan Get only the current (last) data group Get only the last 'N' data groups (backs up N data groups from the last one) Set GROUP data pointer to this RECORD number. GROUP = integer 1-16, RECORD = integer 0-4,294,967,295. Note: Use CR1000,STAT to determine valid groups and group record pointers. 5.8.1 CR1000 Driver Configuration Command Summary:

The following list shows the commands used to set up and configure the CR1000 data Logger drivers in the Packet Data Radios. Each command is detailed in the pages following. CR1000 CR1000,ACQMODE,ALL CR1000,ACQMODE,CURRENT CR1000,ACQMODE,LAST,N CR1000,SETPTR, CR1000,SETPTR,DATE,TIME CR1000,SETPTR,RECORD,GROUP CR1000,INT,N CR1000,INT,OFF CR1000,ORDER,FIFO CR1000,ORDER,LIFO CR1000,GROUP,545 CR1000,GROUP,CR1000 CR1000,TIME,545 CR1000,TIME,CR1000 CR1000,MAXQ,NNN CR1000,SCALE,CR1000 CR1000,SCALE,INT CR1000,STAT CR1000,SECURITY,1111,2222,3333 CR1000,MODEM ENABLE CR1000,TSWATH,BEGIN,END,{TX}

I CR1000,TABLEDEF CR1000,GETTIME Hole collection using date and time. This command Will set all group record pointers to the begin time Where: BEGIN ={mm/dd/yy,hh:mm} and END = {mm/dd/yy,hh:mm}. The optional TX, if ncluded, will transmit SDATA CR1000,STAT to determine valid date and time stamps. Read and display CR1000 beginning, current and end group pointers and time stamps. Not implemented. Group numbers come from CR1000 only. Not available. Scale sensors in CR1000 HEX only. Enter CR1000 Internal Security Codes (Not Currently implemented) Set maximum number of reports to queue for each GROUP in the CR1000. Use radios internal Time Get time from CR1000 BMP-5 packet. Show current tables and fields that are programmed into the CR1000. Display current CR1000 date and time. Enable/Disable use of RI/ME control reports. Note: Use Page 79 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS CR1000,STATUS,ALL CR1000,STATUS,FIELD NAME CR1000,PUBLIC,ALL CR1000,PUBLIC,FIELD NAME,{xxx}

Displays all Status fields in list form. Display CR1000 Status Table fields and values. Where: FIELD NAME is a required parameter. FIELD NAME, if included, will display value of the named CR1000 Status Table field. Note: FIELD NAME is an ASCII label of a variable in the table. Displays all Public fields in list form. Display CR1000 Public Table fields and values. Where: FIELD NAME is a required parameter. FIELD NAME, if included, will display value of the named CR1000 Status Table field. Note: FIELD NAME is an ASCII label of a variable in the table. Xxx is an optional parameter. If it is used it will Replace the original value of that public field. If it is not used then the current value of the Field will be displayed. Default Values Default values are set up to support systems already deployed in the field. These are defined to collect all data groups to be read each time the UPDT command is entered or scheduled in the radio. The time tag will use internal CR1000 date and time CR1000 table data arrays, scaling will be in CR1000 Hex format, transmission in FIFO order, group assignment by the CR1000 and the maximum queue depth will be 20. If connected to the CSI port, MODEM ENABLE must be "ON" for communication to take place directly between the radio and CR1000. If the RS-232 port is used then set CR1000, MODEM ENABLE, OFF. The current values are viewed by entering CR1000<Enter> as shown in the following example.

+cr1000 09/26/05 09:21:28 ACQMODE = ALL INTERVAL = OFF ORDER = FIFO GROUP = CR1000 TIME = CR1000 MAXQ = 20 SCALE = CR1000 MODEM ENABLE = OFF Table Name Fields Nsens NumRecs LastRec# FirstRec# Interval Signature Status 98 1208 1 0 0 0 3292 Group1 1 16 3280 0 0 120 D10D Group2 1 16 3280 0 0 120 D4C5 Group3 1 16 3280 0 0 120 E83A Group4 1 16 3280 0 0 120 EDCD Group5 1 16 3280 0 0 120 5B49 Group6 1 16 3280 0 0 120 B453 Group7 1 16 3280 0 0 120 D629 Group8 1 16 3280 0 0 120 F9DF Group9 1 16 3280 0 0 120 3332 Group10 1 16 3280 0 0 120 A325 Group11 1 16 3280 0 0 120 FE23 Group12 1 16 3280 0 0 120 B14B Group13 1 16 3280 0 0 120 833E Group14 1 16 3280 0 0 120 2896 Group15 1 16 3280 0 0 120 6D25 Group16 1 16 3280 0 0 120 99E4 Public 3 3 1 0 0 0 D9AE Page 80 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS

5.8.2 Acquire Mode:

There are three modes used by the radios for controlling data acquisition from the CR1000. These are "ALL", "CURRENT", and "LAST,N". The CR1000,ACQMODE,ALL mode will read all the data records in each Table, starting from the last location pointers set into the radio. This is useful where all the data for each site must be transmitted, not just the most-recent data. This mode lets the CR1000 gather data independently and lets the radio acquire and transmit the data as the MB RF Link permits. For example, the user might want the CR1000 to store data every hour, but have the radio acquire and transmit all of it at midnight, or have the radio acquire and transmit data as soon as possible. For each scan of final storage the radio will read as many data reports from each Table in the CR1000 as it can. The command CR1000, MAXQ, NN sets the maximum number of data reports to be acquired per scan. These limits are discussed below in the memory management paragraph. The CR1000,ACQMODE,CURRENT mode will acquire and transmit only the last or most recent data record in each Table for every scan of the CR1000s final storage. The CR1000,ACQMODE,LAST,N mode will read the last "n" data records from each Table each scan of the CR1000s final storage. This mode is useful when you want to be able to change the reporting interval remotely, and the CR1000 program cannot be modified. For example, you can setup the CR1000 program to record data every minute, but have the radio acquire the most recent data every hour. You can then change the radios acquisition scan timing to any interval from one minute to 24 hours without modifying the CR1000 program. 5.8.3 Data Retrieval Pointer Initialization The normal data collection method is to set the pointers to the last or most-recent data record, then let the radio collect and transmit data whenever new data has been recorded into the CR1000 final storage. The pointers will also be set to the most recent data report if the radio resets. Power failures and subsequent recovery will leave the pointers where they were at the time of the failure and continue from that point in a 545B, but will be lost in a 565 radio. The radio maintains an internal pointer for accessing each data Table in the CR1000. These pointers are accessed each time the radio requests data from the CR1000. The CR1000 records each data Table in a circular ring buffer and will reuse memory locations when the Table gets full. The size of each Table can be displayed using the CR1000 command. The size value uses the field name MAXRECORDS. It should be noted that the pointers increment from 0 -

4,294,967,294 but the circular ring buffer MAXRECORDS limit is a much smaller number. Any time stamps prior to the oldest, or beyond the newest of the actual records stored will not be valid. The CR1000, STAT will display the start, current, end and time stamps pointers for each Table. Page 81 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS

+cr1000,stat 02/21/14 15:46:33 Waiting...

---------First--------- ---------Current------- ----------Last---------

Grp Date Time Record Date Time Record Date Time Record

01 02/21/14 13:00 00000000 02/21/14 15:00 00000003 02/21/14 15:00 00000002 02 02/21/14 13:00 00000000 02/21/14 15:00 00000003 02/21/14 15:00 00000002 03 02/21/14 13:00 00000000 02/21/14 15:00 00000003 02/21/14 15:00 00000002 04 02/21/14 13:00 00000000 02/21/14 15:00 00000003 02/21/14 15:00 00000002 05 01/01/90 00:00 00000000 01/01/90 00:00 00000000 01/01/90 00:00 00000000 The CR1000, SETPTR, DATE, TIME command is used to control where the next data will be read from the CR1000 Final Storage using a date and time stamp value. The DATE and TIME parameters must be within the start and end pointers time stamp boundaries. For instance, assume the Table data record pointer is pointing at the last record entry which happens to be 3000. The user can not, in this example, set the pointer to a number larger than 3000, or cannot set the date/time values to a time beyond the time stamp of the last record. The CR1000, SETPTR, DATE, TIME command will search through the CR1000 Final Storage memory and set the pointer to the first data array that is equal to or greater than the given date and time. The search will take a few seconds to locate the desired data point. The CR1000, SETPTR, XXXX, G command allows the operator to set the pointer to a numerical location where XXXX is a record number and G is a group number (1-16). This may be known, or can be read using the CR1000, STAT command. (545B Radios Only) 5.8.4 Data Retrieval Hole Collection Data retrieval hole collection refers to the process of collecting data that was missed during the normal operation of data acquisition. For example, if several data reports were missed last week, they can be retrieved without having to retransmit all of the data from the missing data to the present time. The hole is referred to as a swath. There are two commands for this purpose. One command is used to specify the swath in terms of date and time, and the other command specifies the swath in terms of record numbers in the final storage. The random data hole collection process does not interfere with normal sequential data collection. The CR1000,TSWATH,BEGIN-DATE-TIME,END-DATE-TIME,{TX} command is used to specify a time-swath. The begin and end times are each given as both a date and time. For example, the command, CR1000,tswath,12/01/02,00:00,12/01/02,12:00,TX will collect and transmit all data records for all tables from midnight to noon on 12/01/02. The optional TX indicates the data is to be transmitted. If the TX is omitted the data will be displayed on the maintenance port but not transmitted. 5.8.5 Update Interval The command CR1000, INTERVAL, N sets up the number of seconds between scans for data from the CR1000 final storage. If N is set to OFF then the radio internal SCHED command can be used to schedule UPDT, TX commands at any particular time or interval. If N is set to a number from 1 to 32767 seconds, an internal timer triggers an UPDT, TX type of action to scan Page 82 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS the final storage at the desired interval. The interval is synchronized with time-of-day so that an interval of 10 seconds (for example) falls on 0, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 seconds of each minute. The interval can be set more often than data is recorded in the Final Storage and if there is no new data since the last scan, nothing will get queued for transmission. 5.8.6 Transmission Order The order of transmission is currently limited to FIFO, but provision has been made for a later version to support LIFO. 5.8.7 Group ID Assignment The group number is calculated from the order that the Data Tables are created inside the CR1000 Basic program. The first Table defined is group 1, the second Table is group 2, etc. There can be up to 16 Data Tables, and each Table can have up to 16 sensors. The sensor values must be limited to 16 bits each. The CR1000 Basic program should use FP2 or UINT2 as the data type for each sensor. 5.8.8 Time of Day To send the radio time to the CR1000 enter (or schedule) an UPDT, TIME command. The time update does not automatically happen when a time probe is received from the master station, as it might cause a skip in the data acquisition cycle. The UPDT,TIME should be scheduled to happen at a convenient time of day or interval using the radios SCHED command so data will not be lost if the time advances or retards across an acquisition interval. If the time update is more than +/- two minutes from the current CR1000 time then a time-resync message will be transmitted to the default destination. 5.8.9 Time Tagging The time tag assigned to each group report can be taken from the RADIO internal date and time as the data is read, or it can use a CR1000 internal time stored in the data table. Use of the CR1000 internal time is the normal option. Each record of each data table record is time-tagged with a unique data and time tag. If the radios time is used, the date and time from the table will be ignored, and the actual radios local time (at the moment of readout from the CR1000) will be used. Page 83 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.8.10 Memory Management Each time the radio reads data from the CR1000, it saves the last data pointer accessed in the CR1000s Final Storage RAM. This is used at the next scheduled update interval to get the next data values without missing data. If there is no new data recorded in the Final Storage area when the radio scans then nothing is transmitted. The radio will try again at the next interval. The interval can be set from 1 to 32767 seconds. A good typical value to use is 30 seconds. The radio limits the amount of data read from the CR1000 to prevent overflowing its transmit memory queue. Each time a group is read, the available memory is checked, and if it goes below 600 Queue blocks, the radio will stop reading data from the CR1000 until the next scan interval. As data is transmitted memory will get freed up for the next scan interval. In addition, the radio is limited to a maximum of 200 messages at a time because of the way it assigns message numbers to each message. These are limited from 1-200, and cannot be duplicated. The CR1000, MAXQ, N setting is used to limit the number of group reports input to be less than or equal to a set limit. For example, if MAXQ is set to 20, each scan will read enough to bring the total to 20 group reports. 5.8.11 Data Scaling Two data formats are supported and must agree with the setup of the internal CR1000 program. Only the low-precision format is currently supported. The CR1000,SCALE,CR1000 option will use the Campbell Scientific floating point format and assumes the sensors are calibrated in engineering units within the CR1000. The CR1000,SCALE,INT format assumes each sensor is calibrated in integer mV, and formats the data in 2's complement integer Hexadecimal format by truncating the fractional part of the floating point number. Example: CR1000 outputs 103.7, the radio truncates it to 103, then converts it to hex 0067. The value -103.7 will be converted to hex FF99. The CR1000 maximum low-precision values use 13 significant bits where +6999 is converted to hex 1B57 and -6999 is converted to hex E4A9. The radio uses 16 bits for each sensor data value. 5.8.12 Modem Enable For applications that require very low power, the CR1000 can go to sleep between operations. By default the use of the ME line is turned ON and the RING line must be pulled high to wake up the CR1000. This mode is enabled in the radio by the command: CR1000, MODEM ENABLE,ON. When the radio wants to communicate with the CR1000, it raises the RING line, and waits for the CR1000 to raise the ME line. The ME line must be tied to the RTS line of the radio. Once the ME line is high the radio lowers the RING line and begins its command sequences. When the last command is completed the CR1000 goes back to sleep. Page 84 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS When a CR1000 is connected to other CS-I/O-enabled devices, it will be necessary to use an interface adapter available from CSI, such as the SC105. This device manages the RI/ME lines internally, so this option must be turned off in the radio using the command:

CR1000, MODEM ENABLE, OFF. 5.8.13 Reading CR1000 Internal Pointers and Error Statistics The CR1000,STAT command will read and display the CR1000 internal pointers and error counters. The following example shows the response format:

+cr1000,stat 09/22/05 09:06:20

/--------First--------\ /--------Current------\ /--------Last---------\

Grp Date Time Record Date Time Record Date Time Record

01 08/19/05 09:19 00000000 09/22/05 09:06 00047490 09/22/05 09:06 00047489

5.8.14 Displaying Status Table Data Data in the Status Table can be displayed, but cannot be set. To display a single value in the Status Table, use the command: CR1000, STATUS, field-name. Example:

+CR1000,STATUS,OSVERSION 02/23/14 12:27:11 CR1000.Std.26.2013.08.27.02 To display a list of all status values, use the command CR1000, STATUS, ALL. Example:

+cr1000,status,all 02/23/14 11:09:56 Waiting... OSVersion CR1000.Std.26.2013.08.27.02 OSDate 130827 OSSignature 56366 SerialNumber 51256 RevBoard 019.008 StationName 51256 PakBusAddress 1 ProgName CPU:CR1000.CR1 StartTime 2D68A731:01312D00 RunSignature 50227 ProgSignature 9141 Battery 12.03465 PanelTemp 26.46690 WatchdogErrors 0 LithiumBattery 3.45162 Low12VCount 0 Low5VCount 0 CompileResults CPU:CR1000.CR1 -- Compiled in SequentialMode. StartUpCode 0 Page 85 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS ProgErrors 0 VarOutOfBound 0 SkippedScan 0 SkippedSystemScan 0 ErrorCalib 0 MemorySize 4194304 MemoryFree 8284 CPUDriveFree 479744 USRDriveFree 0 CommsMemFree 9251505 FullMemReset 0 DataTableName Tbl1 SkippedRecord 0 DataRecordSize 43715 SecsPerRecord 3600.00000 DataFillDays 1821.45837 CardStatus No Card Present. CardBytesFree -1.00000 MeasureOps 139 MeasureTime 28800 ProcessTime 40716 MaxProcTime 6093450 BuffDepth 0 MaxBuffDepth 0 LastSystemScan 2D6B396C:00989680 SystemProcTime 5355 MaxSystemProcTime 5985 PortStatus 00000000 PortConfig Input SW12Volts 00000000 Security 0 RS232Power 00000000 RS232Handshaking 0 RS232Timeout 0 CommActiveRS232 FFFFFFFF CommActiveME 00000000 CommActiveCOM310 00000000 CommActiveSDC7 00000000 CommActiveSDC8 00000000 CommActiveCOM320 00000000 CommActiveSDC10 00000000 CommActiveSDC11 00000000 CommActiveCOM1 00000000 CommActiveCOM2 00000000 CommActiveCOM3 00000000 CommActiveCOM4 00000000 CommConfigRS232 4 CommConfigME 4 CommConfigCOM310 4 CommConfigSDC7 4 CommConfigSDC8 4 CommConfigCOM320 0 CommConfigSDC10 4 CommConfigSDC11 4 CommConfigCOM1 0 CommConfigCOM2 0 CommConfigCOM3 0 CommConfigCOM4 0 BaudrateRS232 -9600 BaudrateME -9600 BaudrateSDC 115200 BaudrateCOM1 0 BaudrateCOM2 0 Page 86 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS BaudrateCOM3 0 BaudrateCOM4 0 IsRouter 00000000 PakBusNodes 50 CentralRouters 0 BeaconRS232 0 BeaconME 0 BeaconSDC7 0 BeaconSDC8 0 BeaconSDC10 0 BeaconSDC11 0 BeaconCOM1 0 BeaconCOM2 0 BeaconCOM3 0 BeaconCOM4 0 VerifyRS232 0 VerifyME 0 VerifySDC7 0 VerifySDC8 0 VerifySDC10 0 VerifySDC11 0 VerifyCOM1 0 VerifyCOM2 0 VerifyCOM3 0 VerifyCOM4 0 MaxPacketSize 1000 USRDriveSize 0 TCPPort 6785 pppInterface 0 pppIPAddr 0.0.0.0 pppUsername pppPassword pppDial pppDialResponse CONNECT IPTrace 0 Messages CalGain 0.00000 CalSeOffset 0 CalDiffOffset 0 5.8.15 Displaying and Setting Public Table Data To display a single value in the Public Table, use the command: CR1000,PUBLIC,field-name. Example:

+CR1000,PUBLIC,PROGVER 02/23/14 12:33:27 308.10001 To display a list of all status values, use the command CR1000,PUBLIC,ALL. Example:

+CR1000,PUBLIC,ALL 02/23/14 12:31:02 Waiting... Flag 00000000 PROGINIT 1.00000 PROGVER 308.10001 BATT 12.03430 PRECIP 0.00000 TB_TOTAL 0.00000 AIR_TEMPC -94.36020 SOLAR 0.00000 WIND_SPD 0.00000 Page 87 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS WIND_DIR -nan RH 100.00000 BARO_PRES -1.67392 ENCL_RH -43.71719 BARO_HG 8.62277 LBatt 0.00000 CSI_R 308.10001 DEW_PT -37.50831 SVP 0.02434 PVP 0.02434 Sthpv -nan NetRad 8.51829 NetRad_cor 8.51829 WS_MS 0.00000 Scratch1 0.00000 Scratch2 0.00000 Scratch3 0.00000 5.8.16 Downloading a Program A new or revised CR1000 internal program can be transmitted to a radio which will then download it to the CR1000 and tell the CR1000 to compile and run it. The program source, in

".CR1" format must be copied into a message (or multiple messages if longer than 3500 bytes) that starts with "$CR10X,DL,xx,yy," as the first 18 characters followed by the source text. "xx"

is the message fragment sequence number with a leading zero and "yy" is the total number of fragments with a leading zero. Note: the last character must be a comma following the message fragment identifiers. The $CR10X type string must be used even though the actual data logger may be either a CR10X or a CR1000. The radio software will handle the download in the proper way for whichever logger is ASSIGNed to the port at the time. The maximum message file length including the 18 character header must be no greater than 3500 characters. If the file length is larger than this, it can be reduced in length by editing it to remove comment lines and blank lines, or made into multiple fragmented messages. When a radio, with a device driver assigned to the CR1000, receives the message in this format the message will be sent to the CR1000. The CR10TD will compile the new program and begin execution. A status message will be returned to the unit that originated the download message indicating whether the compilation was successful or not. WARNING:

The 565 radio software does not have a way to get the filename from Xtermw at the time of the download so there can only be one program in the data logger memory at a time. Its name will be CPU:CR1000.CR1 by default. When the program is downloaded all of the previous final storage data records will be deleted. This must be done to ensure the data records exactly match the table definitions of the new program, and there is no easy way to determine whether the tables are the same or not from the source code at the time it is downloaded. If Xtermw is used to send the message file, each fragments filename must use the ".MSG"

extension. The Xtermw main popup menu can send the file using the "Send/Message File" menu option. Xtermw also has a "CR10X FILE DOWNLOAD" option in the "SEND" menu that should NOT be used because most versions of Xtermw do not properly operate that transaction. Page 88 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Before starting a download be sure to set some delay between characters in the connection configuration settings dialog box. In the box below this is checked and set to 3. Failure to do this can cause corruption in the file or script to be downloaded. OPERATIONS The following screen image shows the popup window to get to the file selection point when sending a ".MSG" file. Page 89 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The Send Message File window will pop up next. Use the Browse button to navigate to the desired file name or type in its path directly. Enter a message priority A Z and the ID of the radio. Click on OK to send the message. If the file was fragmented into more than one piece, be sure to send the pieces in proper sequence. The radio ID in the Destination field must be set to a valid ID. This can be the radio that Xtermw is connected to, or it can be a remote radio with Xtermw connected to a Base. Each message will be routed to the destination radio and when the last message fragment arrives, that destination radio will delete the old file and data tables, then download the new file and launch the new program. The radio will create a return message to the sending radio that indicates success or failure of the download. Page 90 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS For example:

02/21/14 12:22:05 Command response received from 00500

# 02/21/14 12:19:54 CPU:CR1000.CR1 Downloaded to PakID:00001 OK Note that the PakID is the ID of the data logger attached to the destination radio. 5.9 SDI-12 Sensors Support for collecting data from sensors using the SDI-12 protocol is described in this document in three sections. These are:

1. Data Collection 2. Data Logging 3. User Interface. 5.9.1 Data Collection The data collection process usually requires a smart processor to connect to each data logger and extract the recorded data. In many cases the data loggers have the required software to access sensors and perform the calculations to convert the reading into engineering data values. Sensor development has led to devices that do their own data calculations and use the simple SDI-12 protocol to send that data to data recorders. The MRC-565 radio can collect data from SDI-12 sensors then transmit it to the central data system. This is usually done on a periodic basis, every hour for example. The radio organizes the data measurements into message packets called Sensor Data (SDATA) Reports for transmission to a master station. Each SDATA report can hold from 1 to 16 data values of 16 bits each. These can be in integer (hex) or CSI-Floating-point format. Each SDATA report has a unique group number (0-15) and data/time tag. The 565 radio can hold up to 200 of these group reports while waiting for meteor trail communication opportunities to deliver them to the master station, or during brief network outages. 5.9.2 Setup This section gives a general description of how the radios commands are used to adapt the radio to the SDI-12 paradigm used by the sensors. The User Interface section below gives the details of each radio command. The radio commands define a Sensor Definition Table and create a data collection and transmission schedule. The SDI-12 protocol is used to give the radio control of and access to the sensors and their data measurements. The sensors also require commands to configure and calibrate them. The sensor setup will be described by the documentation provided by each Manufacturer and is not discussed here. Page 91 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The Sensor Definition Table is built in the form of a two dimensional matrix with rows and columns. There is a row for each unique combination of sensor-address and SDI-12 command type, and columns for selecting the SDI-12 command and expected number of measurements. Sensor Address Data Set Name Data Collection ID 1 2 3 4 SDI-12 Command M1 M2 M M Number of Values 7 3 5 4 0 0 1 2 Weather Rain Moisture Snow Pillow Figure 9. Example Sensor Table Some sensors will output several measurements with one SDI-12 command. Others can, or will, require several SDI-12 commands to collect all of the data measurements. The extended SDI-12 commands can be used to collect some particular measurements that are specific and pertain to different features or capabilities of that sensor. The transparent mode will be used to control and configure sensors. When one sensor has several sets of data that require different SDI-12 commands to access, it will be necessary to use the same sensor address in several rows of the table as in row 1-2 of the example table. The row number becomes the collection ID for data collection and reporting purposes. The columns of each row are configured parameters to define a sensor address, a data set reference name, SDI command required and number of expected measurements. The SDI, SEN, ID, ADDR, MTYPE,NVAL command creates the table rows. The EVENT, GROUP, N, SDI[R:M], SDI[R:M], SDI[R:M] command maps which data values in the Sensor Table are to be combined into each SDATA group message. The number N is the group number (1-16). Each parameter following N is a data value ID. There can be from 1 to 16 data values. The data values can be pre-defined radio values (see radio HELP,EVENT command) or they can be SDI-

12 sensor measurements. Using the pre-defined name of SDI[] in the command will specify a row [R] and measurement number [M]. For example SDI[3:2] specifies row 3 and measurement 2. In this way, any measurement can be reported in any group number and slot. There can be up to 16 groups with 16 values each for a total of 256 values per radio (or data collection site). The format of the group SDATA reports are exactly the same as those created for data logger sites. Both data logger reports and SDI sensor reports can be created for one site, but the total is limited to 16 groups and the data groups can not contain SDI measurements and Vice Versa. As an example we could define two group SDATA reports from the Example Table:

EVENT,GROUP,1,SDI[1:1],SDI[1:2],SDI[1:3],SDI[1:4],SDI[1:5],SDI[1:6],SDI[1:7], SDI[2:1],SDI[2:2],SDI[2:3]

Page 92 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS EVENT,GROUP,2,SDI[3:1],SDI[3:2],SDI[3:3],SDI[3:4],SDI[3:5],SDI[4:1],SDI[4:2], SDI[4:3],SDI[4:4]

After the Sensor Table and Group definitions are completed, they are saved in the configuration Flash Memory with all the other radio setup command parameters. 5.9.3 Periodic Data Collection After the Sensor Table is set up, a schedule needs to be created to tell the radio when to collect the data and when to build and transmit the SDATA reports. A data collection command is periodically scheduled which uses the row number to trigger the collection of data for that row. The data measurements that are returned by the sensor are stored in the sensor table. Up to 64 measurements for each row can be stored. The SDI,COLLECT,1,2,3,4, command triggers data collection for all the rows in that command. Once all the data is collected and stored in the table for one SDI,COLLECT command the radio can go to the next scheduled command. There can be several commands scheduled to collect all the data for each reporting interval. Following the data collection commands, the commands to build and transmit each SDATA group report are scheduled. This is the EVENT, UPDT, G command where G is the desired GROUP number. The schedule is also saved in the radios configuration Flash memory. An example for our Sensor Table might be:

SCHED,INTERVAL,1:0:0,SDI,COLLECT,1,2,3,4 SCHED,INTERVAL,1:0:0,OFFSET,15,EVENT,UPDT,1 SCHED,INTERVAL,1:0:0,OFFSET,15,EVENT,UPDT,2 This will repeat every hour and take up to 15 seconds to collect the data, then create the SDATA reports. To summarize: (1) the Sensor Table and Groups are defined, (2) the schedule commands are created, (3) this is SAVEd in the configuration Flash memory, and (4) the radio periodically collects and then transmits the data to its Master station. 5.9.4 Data Logging The 565 is not a data recorder, but does have the ability to log trace files. A USB memory stick can be plugged into the front of the 565 and set up to log the maintenance port trace output. This will log all the SDATA reports as they are created. The USB device can be exchanged for a new one when it is filled. The USB device can then be delivered to the Customer for data analysis. The USB device has a DOS 6.2 file format with a new log file for each day. The user will have to provide software to extract the data from the log files. Page 93 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS The 565 cannot look back in this file in real-time to re-transmit old SDATA reports as of the initial software release, but that could be implemented in the future if/when required. 5.9.5 User Interface The MRC-565 has a RS-232 communication port for local user interface. If the breakout cable is supplied, the 9-pin connector labeled MNT is the correct port. A direct connection to the front panel of the MRC-565 USB connector can be used with a proper USB/RS-232 adapter cable. A terminal server program, such as XTERMW.EXE provides a text-based operator command interface to the radio Operating system. The commands required to operate the SDI-12 capability are documented in the next section. There is a HELP command to list all commands, then the HELP,xxxx command will give a brief description of each (xxxx) command. A transparent user command is provided to let users configure their sensors if that is required. This command takes any command format and passes it to a sensor on the SDI-12 line. The first character of the command is the sensor address. See the SDI,CMD,xxxx command in the next section. This capability gives a technician the ability to visit a site and perform some (maybe not all) diagnostic operations without disconnecting a sensor or using the sensor Manufacturers software to communicate with the sensor. Since all user commands are also capable of being sent from the central host system to any radio in the network, these commands can provide some unscheduled manipulation and status interrogation of the SDI-12 sensors. In a Meteor burst system the use of remote commands may require additional software such as XTERMW.EXE, DATACENTER.EXE or DDD.EXE. These are documented elsewhere. Page 94 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS SDI-12 Sensors MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Data Logger DTA Port LapTop PC MNT Port Terminal strip 9=gnd 2=SDI-12 9 2 25 Pin connector ALT Not Available on the MRC-565 Figure 10. Test Bench Connection Diagram Page 95 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance

OPERATIONS 5.9.6 MRC-565 Commands The following commands are used with SDI-12 Sensor data collection. The setup commands are listed first followed by the control and status type real-time commands. 5.9.6.1 SDI Show the Sensor Table settings and values. 5.9.6.2 SDI, SEN, N, ADDR, NOMENCLATURE, MTYPE, NVAL Define a Sensor Table entry where:

N ADDR Nomenclature MTYPE NVAL entry or Row number (1-64) Sensor address (0-9) or (A-Z) or (a-z) 18 character Text name for this entry

(C or C1-C9 or CC or CC1-CC9) Maximum number of values returned Measurement Type (M or M1-M9 or MC or MC1-MC9) Example setup script:

+SDI,DEL,ALL

+SDI,SEN,1,0,Measurement,M,9

+SDI,SEN,2,0,Concurrent,C,9

+SDI Sensor Definitions Num ADDR Measurement Name MTYPE NVAL

1 0 Measurement M 9 2 0 Concurrent C 9 5.9.6.3 SDI, SEN, DEL, ALL Deletes all of the entries in the Sensor Table. This is used in script files where a new script is being loaded. If this is not done first then there may be residual data or definitions that were not meant to be there. 5.9.6.4 SDI, SEN, DEL, N Delete only entry N from the Sensor Table. All other entries are left untouched. Page 96 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.9.6.5 EVENT, GROUP, GN, SDI[1:1], SDI[1:2], SDI[1:3]

Define a new Event Group or replace the old Event Group with this GN where:

GN SDI[x:y]

New Group number (1-16) Each entry specifies which Sensor Table entry (x) and which measurement number (y) (1-64) to record in that slot of the SDATA message. There is a maximum of 16 slots in each SDATA message. They will be formatted as 16-bit CSI floating point numbers. Example: EVENT,GROUP,1,SDI[1:1},SDI{1:2],SDI[1:3]<CR>

5.9.6.6 SDI, COLLECT, 1, 2, 3 This command triggers the data collection of each Sensor Table entry listed as a parameter. Up to 10 sensor table numbers can be given in each command. The command processing will scan the table and immediately collect all type M sensor measurements if finds. It will start all type C concurrent measurements it finds then wait for them to complete, and finally collect the data from the sensors. All the data collected is stored in the Sensor Table rows for the given sensors and can be viewed with the SDI command. 5.9.6.7 EVENT, UPDT, G The EVENT, UPDT command runs the SDATA group building function for the G group number given. One SDATA group report is created for each UPDT command. The SDATA builder extracts data from the Sensor Table. This command should be scheduled after the COLLECT command has completed gathering all the sensor data. The data measurements remain in the table and can be looked at or transmitted again without updating if that is appropriate for the particular sensor. 5.9.6.8 SCHED, I, TIME, ANY COMMAND TEXT The command scheduler can hold up to 50 entries and has several options as shown by its HELP text below.

+HELP,SCHED 05/15/14 19:05:35 SCHED Show Schedule SCHED,DEL,N Notes: N is the sched item number SCHED,DEL,ALL TOD can be hh:mm:ss or mm:ss or ss SCHED,I,TOD,<cmd-string>

SCHED,I,TOD,OFFSET,TOD,<cmd-string>

SCHED,T,TOD,<cmd-string>

SCHED,T,TOD,OFFSET,TOD,<cmd-string>

Page 97 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS To schedule data collection for our sensors and transmission of the GROUP SDATA report we could enter the following commands:

SCHED,I,30:0,SDI,COLLECT,1,2 SCHED,I,30:0,OFFSET,15,EVENT,UPDT,1 The first command schedules data collection of sensor table items 1 and 2 every 30 minutes and 00 seconds. The second command schedules the event group 1 to be created and send every 30 seconds with an offset of 15 seconds to give time for the data collection to complete. 5.9.7 SDI, CMD, COMMAND TEXT Transparent Mode command. This command will output the text to the SDI-12 data line exactly as typed with the ! character appended to the end. The first character must be a sensor address and the remaining characters should be some valid basic or extended SDI-12 Command. The !

character should not be entered. Example: SDI,CMD,0V<cr>

A list of the basic SDI-12 commands is given at the end of this document. Some Sensor Manufacturers have their own special commands for setup and calibration which this transparent mode is designed to support. These commands are not saved in the radio configuration flash memory so if the sensor does not retain it in a power cycle it will be lost. If this command is entered as a real-time-scheduled command it will be saved in the configuration flash memory. 5.9.8 SDI, TRACE, {OFF/ON}

The SDI,TRACE command is useful for debugging the setup and operation of the radio with the sensors. The example below shows a data collection from a sensor testing device that was set up to emulate a sensor. The trace output can get to be a lot of information and should not be left on for long periods or its output can overrun the radio output memory and cause the radio to reset. Be careful using this command option. Characters enclosed in the <> characters are transmitted out of the radio. Characters enclosed in the [] characters are received by the radio. The time tag is in hundredths of seconds. Example with TRACE,ON

+sdi,collect,1 20:14:44.59 <BREAK>

20:14:44.60 <MARK>

20:14:44.62 <0M!>

20:14:44.69 [00056(cr)(lf)]

Page 98 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 20:14:49.22 [0(cr)(lf)]

20:14:49.23 <BREAK>

20:14:49.24 <MARK>

20:14:49.27 <0D0!>

20:14:49.34 [0+0.0(cr)(lf)]

20:14:49.35 <BREAK>

20:14:49.36 <MARK>

20:14:49.40 <0D1!>

20:14:49.46 [0+1.0(cr)(lf)]

20:14:49.48 <BREAK>

20:14:49.49 <MARK>

20:14:49.52 <0D2!>

20:14:49.59 [0+2.0(cr)(lf)]

20:14:49.60 <BREAK>

20:14:49.61 <MARK>

20:14:49.64 <0D3!>

20:14:49.71 [0+3.0(cr)(lf)]

20:14:49.72 <BREAK>

20:14:49.73 <MARK>

20:14:49.77 <0D4!>

20:14:49.83 [0+4.0(cr)(lf)]

20:14:49.85 <BREAK>

20:14:49.86 <MARK>

20:14:49.89 <0D5!>

20:14:49.96 [0+5.0(cr)(lf)]

Response Command spacing for 12 ms None a!

aI!

aAb!

a<CR><LF>

allccccccccmmmmmmvvvxxx...xx<CR><LF>

b<CR><LF> (support for this command is required the sensor supports software changeable addresses) a<CR><LF>

5.9.9 SDI-12 Command/Response List Name Break Continuous Acknowledge Active Send Identification Change Address only if Address Query Start Measurement*

Start Measurement + CRC*

Send Data a<values><CRC><CR><LF>

Additional Measurements*

Additional Measurements + CRC*

Start Verification*

Start Concurrent Measurement Start Concurrent Measurement + CRC aCC!

Additional Concurrent Measurements aC1! aC9!

Additional Concurrent + CRC aM!

aMC!

aD0! aD9!

aV!

aC!

aCC1! ... aCC9!

aM1! aM9!

aMC1! ... aMC9!

atttn<CR><LF>

atttn<CR><LF>

atttn<CR><LF>

atttnn<CR><LF>

atttnn<CR><LF>

atttnn<CR><LF>

atttnn<CR><LF>

atttn<CR><LF>

atttn<CR><LF>

a<values><CR><LF> or Page 99 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS aR0! ... aR9!

aRC0! ... aRC9!

a<values><CR><LF> (formatted like the D commands) a<values><CRC><CR><LF> (formatted like the D Continuous Measurements Continuous Measurements + CRC commands)

*These commands may result in a service request. 5.9.10 Serial Port Command and Response Diagrams low power wake-up command command acknowledge send data command a D 0 !

break mark a M !

a 0 0 0 1

\r

\n a

+ 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

\r

\n 12ms 8.33 ms MASTER SLAVE wake up delay 15-100ms Data Port Byte Stream Timing Diagram data report with one value varies from 1 to 7 digits always has +/- sign but may not have the decimal point if it is an integer value. So it can be from 2 to 9 bytes including sign and decimal point. Least significant bit is sent first

+5V = 0 0V = 1 S 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 SP data bits time Start bit (high) even parity bit Stop bit(low) Data Byte Format Figure 11. Data Port Byte Stream Timing and Data Byte Format The Diagrams above summarize the type of command/response that is used in the SDI-12 protocol. The data rate is always 1200 baud. The BREAK signal is a minimum of 12ms at +5V followed by at least 8.33ms of a MARK signal at 0V. The purpose of the BREAK is to wake up all the sensors on the line. The line is a single wire in tri-state mode where the Recorder is master and the Sensors are slaves. Only one device can transmit at a time, the master device always initiates communication, and the slaves always respond to commands addresses to them, are received correctly, and are valid in format and content. The first byte of each command and response is a 1-byte sensor address. Valid addresses are 0-9, A-Z and a-z. The last byte of a command is always a ! character. Response strings always begin with the sensor address and end with <cr><lf>. Each byte has 1 start bit, 7 data bits, 1 parity bit and 1 stop bit. The start bit is +5V. The data and parity bits are Negative polarity where a 0 is +5V and a 1 is 0V. The stop bit is 0V. The bytes that a device sends should have no space between them, but the protocol allows up to 1.66ms between bytes. Page 100 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS Sensors should respond to a command in 15ms, but they can take up to 100ms to wake up from a sleep state and respond to the first command after the BREAK. The master (in this case the MRC-565 Radio) will retry commands if it gets no response. The first timeout is 100ms and subsequent retries will time out after 20ms. The MRC-565 basic timing internal clock is 10ms per tick so all of the timing is rounded up to the next 10ms tick. 5.10 Generic Data Logger The MRC-565 includes a set of device drivers for its serial ports. These have been customized for various external devices over the years as the requirements became known. The SDATA command was created to allow a simple text-based interface to send data groups to the MRC-565 for transmission to the master. Any customer that could configure their data report to meet this format could interface his data logger with no change in the MRC-565 software. From 1 to 16 groups can be input, and there can be from 1 to 16 sensors per group. Each sensor data value is formatted into a 16-bit binary value for transmission, then converted to engineering units by the Data Center or Host software. Some date loggers have a complex and non-configurable interface protocol, and cannot meet any of the currently implemented protocols, but they can output data reports on a serial port as if it were connected to a line printer. The GENERIC data logger driver has been created for this type of interface. Some things can be setup by user commands to configure the report parsing, within a limited set of constraints, and allow the MRC-565 to create SDATA type messages from the ASCII text reports. The following sections describe what can be done to adapt the MRC-565 to a variety of report formats. 5.10.1 Typical Report Formats A typical report printed by a data logger has one line, or a set of lines for each report. There are usually two types, single-line reports, and multiple-line reports. An example of each type would be as shown below:

Single line report examples:

123.4 19.8 33 99 -1089.45 .<cr><lf>

or 10/14/02 09:15:00 +123.4 +19.8 +33 +99 -1089.45 .<cr><lf>

Note that the report ends with carriage return and linefeed characters, and may or may not print a date and/or time. The data fields are usually separated by blanks, and the data values may or may not contain a sign or decimal point. The line is usually output by the data logger as the report is placed into the devices' memory in real-time. There is no provision for error checking, but if the serial port cable is wired correctly with shielding, etc., it may be reliable enough. Page 101 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS With Sensor Labels Date/Time: 10/14/02 With time tag 10/14/02 09:15:00<cr><lf>

Multiple line report examples:

No time tag 123.4<cr><lf>

09:15:00<cr><lf>

19.8<cr><lf>

33<cr><lf>

99<cr><lf>

1089.45<cr><lf>

If the generic device driver software is set up to "poll" for data by outputting a command string, then the data report may need to be processed as a multiple line report even when the data logger outputs only one line. This can happen if the data logger "echoes" the polling command. The generic device driver will "see" the echoed command as part of the data report response.

+123.4<cr><lf>

AC Voltage DC Voltage

+19.8<cr><lf>

Pulse Count +33.0<cr><lf>

+99.0<cr><lf>

Error Code

-1089.45<cr><lf>

Pressure

+123.4<cr><lf>

+19.8<cr><lf>

+33<cr><lf>

+99<cr><lf>

-1089.45<cr><lf>

5.10.2 Setup and Configuration The MRC-565 generic data logger driver can configure the following:

Report type (single-line, multi-line) Group ID Number (Auto generated, Location in report, Fixed) Date (Auto generated, Location in report, Format of date characters) Time (Auto generated, Location in report, format of time characters) Sensor Values (Auto free-format, Location in report) Poll command definition Start-of-report definition Remote Commands Each operator command begins with the command name and port number as shown in the following command. Example: GENERIC,1,TYPE,AUTO. Selecting The Generic Protocol for a Port The ASSIGN command is used to define the device driver to use on a port. As an example, the command ASSIGN,DTA,1,GENERIC,5 will assign the DTA function to use port 1 (the DATA port), and run the GENERIC data logger device driver with a 5 second timeout. Use the SETBAUD,DTA,9600 command to specify a baud rate for the port. Any port (0-3) can be used, and multiple ports can select the generic device driver at the same time. Port 0 is usually reserved for an operator terminal, and port 3 is an internal GPS port. That means ports 1 and 2 are open for external devices. Page 102 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 5.10.3 Viewing the generic device driver setup Enter the GENERIC command with no parameters to display the current setup for all active ports. The following example response shows a typical setup with only port 2 set up for generic operation.

+generic 12/11/01 10:54:32 Rpt Group............ Date......... Time......... Sensor....... P Type Type N L# S E Type L# S E Type L# S E Type L# S E

2 LINE FIXED 02 00 00 00 LINE 01 10 16 LINE 01 18 25 LINE 02 22 32 Report:DATE/TIME: Date:YY/MM/DD Time:HH:MM:SS From the report one can see that only port 2 is configured, and the other ports have a report type of OFF. The Group section has 5 fields: Type, Number, Line number, Start column, End column. This line shows the group is fixed at group number 2. The Date, Time and Sensor sections each have 4 fields: Type, Line number, Start column, End column. The date is on line 1 between columns 10 and 16. The time is on line 1 between columns 18 and 25. The first sensor value is on line 2 between columns 22 and 23, and the remaining lines of the report will each contain 1 sensor value between columns 22 and 23. The line following the port 2 line shows additional options for that port. Shown here are the start-of-report string, the date format, and the time format. Only options selected will be shown on this line. All of the settings in this generic driver table are saved in the non-volatile memory of the MRC-565. Report Type: GENERIC,P,TYPE,{AUTO,LINE,OFF}

This command selects whether the report is in a single line format or multiple line format. AUTO specifies single line with free-format, and LINE specifies the multiple line format. The OFF option is provided to turn off a previously set-up port. Reports are parsed from sets (bursts) of characters read into a 1024 byte buffer. The end of the data set will be signaled by a timeout period with no more characters being received. The timeout is taken from the ASSIGN command described earlier. When each set is finished being processed, the input buffer is cleared to wait for the next set of characters. 5.10.4 AUTO Format For the simplest AUTO report type, with no group number, date or time stamp, each line will be parsed from left to right using blanks and commas as delimiters between data values. The carriage return and line feed characters are also ignored. The first group report will take up to 16 data values, then the next 16 go into group 2, the next 16 into group 3, and so on until the last character has been reached. Page 103 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 9 19 7 17 27 6 16 26 3 13 23 2 12 22 4 14 24 5 15 25 10<cr><lf>

20<cr><lf>

8 18 28<cr><lf>.timeout For example see the following set of characters:

1 11 21 This character set will create two groups where the values 1-16 will go into group 1, and the values 17-28 will go into group 2. Each report will be time and date stamped using the current time of the MRC-565. Up to 256 data values can be parsed into 16 groups using this format as long as the total number of characters in each set does not exceed the buffer size( including all delimiters). An Example of an AUTO format with a date and time stamp is:

10/15/01 12:00:00<cr><lf>

1 11 21 Another example:

10/15/01 12:00:00 1 11 8 18 21 28<cr><lf>.timeout For these two formats with date and time above, the port should be setup for an AUTO report type, then select a date and time option that locates the date and time fields on line 1. Use the sensor setup command to indicate that the 1st sensor is located either on line 2 as in the 1st example or on line 1 as in the second example. The AUTO formatting will use the first two

"fields" found as the date and time, then use the remaining fields as the sensor data. 8 18 28<cr><lf>.timeout 7<cr><lf>

17<cr><lf>

27<cr><lf>

10<cr><lf>

20<cr><lf>

6 16 26 5 15 25 4 14 24 3 13 23 3 13 23 6 16 26 5 15 25 2 12 22 2 12 22 7 17 27 4 14 24 10 20 9 19 9 19 5.10.5 MULTI-LINE Format For the LINE (multi-line) report type, the first "line" includes all the bytes from the beginning of the buffer to the first carriage return. Any line feed characters are ignored. The 2nd line is all the bytes from one past the carriage return to the next carriage return and so forth to the end of the set of characters. The report ends with the last character received prior to the timeout period with no more bytes being received. This example shows that each line holds only one sensor value. Reports with both labels and data that have multiple values per line are not yet supported by the generic driver, but it is possible to report multiple sensors per line when there are no line labels present on each line. One example of a multi-line report from the AANDERAA 3660 data logger is shown below:

Date/Time: 1.12.11 18:57:50 Page 104 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS 00 Battery Voltage 12.7 Volt 01 Reference 699 02 Wind speed 79.4 m/s 03 Wind gust 79.4 m/s 04 Wind direction 359.6 Deg.M 05 Air temperature 48.8 Deg.C 06 Relative humidity 101.6 % RH 07 Air pressure (QNH) 1089.6 hPa 08 Visibility 3002.9 m 09 Sunshine duration 1023.0 min 10 Net atm. radiation 2120.4 W/sqm 11 Rainfall 204.6 mm From the above report one can see that the date is on line 1 in columns 12-19, and is in year-

month-day format. The time is also on line 1 in columns 21-28. Sensor data then starts on line 2 and repeats on subsequent lines in columns 25-30. The label fields are ignored. Group Number:

GENERIC, P, GROUP, AUTO GENERIC, P, GROUP, LINE, Line Number, Start, End GENERIC, P, GROUP, FIXED, Line Number GENERIC, P, DATE, AUTO GENERIC, P, DATE, LINE, Line Number, Start, End,{FORMAT}

The AUTO group numbering will start at group number 1 and increment by 1 for each 16 sensor values. The LINE option allows the group number to be within the data at the given line number and between the given start and end column numbers. The FIXED option will use the Line Number parameter as the first group number then increment by 1 for each 16 sensor values. Date:

The AUTO date option will use the MRC-565 internal Date. The LINE option allows the date to be within the data at the given line number and between the given start and end column numbers. The FORMAT is optional, and shows a "template" of the date format. It can be

"MM/DD/YY", "YY/MM/DD", "MMDDYY", "YYMMDD". If the format is not given it will default to the "MM/DD/YY" format. Time:

The AUTO time option will use the MRC-565 internal time. The LINE option allows the time to be within the data at the given line number and between the given start and end column numbers. The FORMAT is optional, and shows a "template" of the time format. It can be "HH:MM:SS",

"HH:MM", "HHMMSS", "HHMM". If the format is not given it will default to the

"HH:MM:SS" format. The MRC-565 SDATA reports are only time-tagged with month-day-

hour-minute. Year and seconds are not transmitted. Sensor Values:

GENERIC, P, TIME, AUTO GENERIC, P, TIME, LINE, Line Number, Start, End,{FORMAT}

GENERIC, P, SENSOR, AUTO GENERIC, P, SENSOR, AUTO, Line Number, Start GENERIC, P, SENSOR, LINE, Line Number, Start, End Page 105 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS GENERIC, P, POLL, Poll String, Interval In AUTO mode, sensor values are delimited by blanks or commas and there may be several per line. If the line number parameter is not given (example 1 above) then data is assumed to start on the 1st line of the report. If the line number is given, data can start on other than the 1st line. In addition, if the start parameter is given, data can begin in a column other than the 1st column. For example you may have a report such as the following:

10/14/02 09:15:00 +123.4 +19.8 +33 +99 -1089.45 .<cr><lf>

Notice it has a date, time, then data values on the same line. In this case you would use a GROUP,P,SENSOR,AUTO,1,18 command to locate the start of the sensor data, and use the

"auto" method of locating the rest of the data. In LINE mode, Sensor values will start on the given line number and start-end columns, then will repeat, either in free format, or one value per line, depending on the report type. Polling:

The polling feature can be used for data loggers that do not print a data report unsolicited, but require some command string to be sent to request the next report. The poll string can be any printable ASCII characters up to 20 bytes in length. The INTERVAL parameter is given in decimal and is the number of seconds between outputting the poll string. If a poll is output, the response string from the data logger will be parsed in the same manner as when there is no poll string required. If the data logger echoes the poll string, this will look like part of the report and must be accounted for in the setup. To handle data loggers that need to wake up from a low-

power mode, the poll string will be preceded by a carriage return and line feed, and the poll string will be followed by another carriage return and line feed. Polling using binary (non-printable-ASCII) characters is not yet supported. Start of Report:

The report string allows the definition a fixed string of printable ASCII characters that is at the beginning of each new set of report characters. This is useful for ignoring bursts of non-report text. Each report is started with the report string and ends with the timeout parameter. If the cable between the data logger and MRC-565 is connected part way through the output of one report, and the report string text is "missed", then a partial report will not be created. Remote Commands: GENERIC, P, COMMAND, Command String Some support for remotely commanding and configuring a generic data logger is provided using this command format. If the data logger can accept commands as a single line of text (no embedded <cr><lf>) without having to be locally present at the data logger to type keys into a menu, then this capability may be just the ticket. When a remote command is received by the MRC-565, it will output the Command String bytes to the data logger preceded and followed by GENERIC, P, REPORT, Report String Page 106 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS a carriage return and line feed. The response text, up to 1024 bytes, will be captured and returned to the originating modem as a remote command response message. Example Script:

generic,1,type,auto generic,1,group,auto generic,2,type,line generic,2,group,fixed,2 generic,2,sensor,line,2,22,32 generic,2,date,line,1,12,19,YY/MM/DD generic,2,time,line,1,20,29,HH:MM:SS generic,2,poll,off generic,2,report,Date/Time:

generic,3,type,off generic,0,type,off assign,dta,off assign,alt,off assign,dta,2,generic,5 setbaud,2,9600 assign,alt,1,generic,2 setbaud,1,9600 generic save 5.11 Event Programming The MRC-565 supports customer-programmed event logic. Discrete and analog inputs can be monitored by the event program to detect "events" which then perform a defined "action". Actions may include the controlling of discrete output signals, incrementing counters, setting timers, transmission of canned messages and issuance of various reports. This means that customers are somewhat independent of factory reprogramming from MRC and that MRC-565 behavior can be readily modified in the field. It also means that operators now have limited power to make the MRC-565 react to various field-programmable conditions. The operator sets up the event program when installing the MRC-565 or during maintenance and operation. Because the event program is implemented via operator commands, it can be entered not only at a local maintenance console, but also via the remote command capability. The event programs are stored within a non-volatile table in the MRC-565 battery-backed-up RAM. They are not lost due to external power failure. When the external power is restored, they will be enabled to respond to events again. Programming is usually done by creating a "script file" of the required event commands, and loading these into the MRC-565 using XTERM or any other terminal emulator software. Page 107 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance OPERATIONS Several input/output lines are available directly from the processor card of the MRC-565 modems. In addition, an I/O expander card (XIO) can be optionally used which uses 3 lines to implement a high-speed serial link for accessing the signals of the expander card. Refer to APPENDIX D for details on Event Programming. Page 108 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance THEORY OF OPERATION Page 109 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance 6 THEORY OF OPERATION The MRC-565 Packet Data Radio contains the Communications Management Unit (CMU) and The Power Amplifier (PA) printed circuit board assemblies. An optional GPS receiver can also be provided. This GPS solders onto the CMU and is done at the factory. These assemblies are discussed in the following paragraphs. The text references parts that can be located on the block diagrams and printed circuit board assembly drawings given below. 6.1 CMU (MRC-56500300-04) The CMU is located on a single 8.5" x 3.5" printed circuit board Discussion of the CMU includes:

Receiver Analog Front End Digital Receiver Components ADC LTC2256 19.2 MHZ TCXO RX Clock Generator ADF4360 FPGA DSP DAC Digital Transmitter Components Quadrature Digital Up Converter QDUC AD 9957 Voltage Regulators I/O Circuitry Coldfire Microprocessor 6.1.1 Receiver Analog Front End The received RF signal is coupled through the transmit/receive switch (on the power amplifier PCA) to the receiver input (first) Band pass filter (BPF) at connector J1. The BPF is a 2-section top-coupled design, with a 40 to 45 MHz pass band. The filter is fixed tuned by using and uses close tolerance L's and C's. The first BPF output is amplified 21 dB by RF amplifier SGL0363 MMIC U13. The noise figure at J1 is about 5 dB and the 3rd order intercept point is approximately -20 dBm. A 3-section LC BPF follows U13 to increase out of band selectivity to reduce receiver intermodulation products and for anti-alias (image) rejection. A second SGL0363 MMIC RF amplifier U44 provides additional 21 dB of gain. The net analog receiver gain between the BNC antenna input jack and the LTC2256 analog to digital converter (ADC) U71 is ~36 dB. This means ADC input saturation occurs at levels above Page 110 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance

-24 dBm. Note that the radio continues to receive strong desired signals on up to +10 dBm or more but any off-channel signals in the RF pass band stronger than -24 dBm will block desired signals. 6.1.2 Digital Receiver Components 6.1.2.1 Analog to Digital Converter The LTC2256 high speed ADC (U71) marks the input point of the digital signal processing elements that function as the digital receiver and digital demodulator. It directly affects several of the receiver performance parameters such as noise figure, dynamic range and sensitivity. The ADC quantizes the analog input into discrete samples at a 34.08 MHz sample rate for receiver frequencies between 40 and 43 MHz. Each quantized sample is converted to a 14-bit signed digital word. Signal processing power consumption is directly proportional to sample rate. ADC and subsequent receiver processing elements power consumption is directly proportional to the sampling rate. There is an obvious incentive to keep it as low as possible but this must be traded off with the required receiver front end bandwidth and the complexity of the analog filters that are required to eliminate unwanted signals related to the sampling frequency. The sampling frequency must also exceed the Nyquist rate, i.e., it must be a factor several times the approximately 5 MHz band pass filter bandwidth. The maximum differential voltage input to the ADC is 2 volts p-p. This level is the equivalent of a 10 dBm signal in a 50 ohm system. Signals greater than this level will saturate the DSP, meaning they will be clipped at the DSP input. (The ADC internal design avoids arithmetic overflow.) Saturation is allowed for a strong desired signal because only the signal phase must be preserved for demodulation of BPSK and GMSK. If the saturating signal is off-channel, the receiver will be blocked. The digital output of the ADC is 2s complement format but it is pseudo-randomized to avoid large supply current spikes when signals are near zero level. Such spikes can feed back to the ADC analog input and reduce its sensitivity. The ADC sampling clock is also passed to the FPGA to allow proper registration. The FPGA removes the pseudo randomness. 6.1.2.2 Temperature Compensated Crystal Oscillator (TCXO) The master frequency and clock reference for the transmitter and receiver is the 19.2 MHz TCXO. It is designed to maintain frequency stable to 2.5 ppm over the -40 to +85 C temperature range. Its actual frequency stability over the rated temperature range of the radio is typically 1 ppm. The TCXO has a voltage input that allows calibrating its room temperature frequency to within a few Hertz of 19.2 MHz. The DSP receives the factory calibration factor from the CF via the host port interface and applies it to channel 0 of the octal utility DAC. This DAC voltage fine tunes the TCXO to the desired frequency. The TCXO output is buffered by U52, U59 and U87 to drive the precision reference clock to the receiver clock synthesizer, the transmitter clock synthesizer, the FPGA and the DSP. 6.1.2.3 Receiver Clock Synthesizer The RX clock synthesizer is an ADF4360-9, U85. It is programmed to lock its VCO to 17.75 times its 19.2 MHz TCXO input, then divides it by 10 to 34.08 MHz. The internal VCO of the ADF4360-9 has a single sideband phase noise characteristic that is low enough to meet the receiver adjacent channel protection ratio (RX ACPR) specification. The RX clock can also be set to three higher frequencies 36.00, 37.92 and 39.84 MHz for higher receiver tuning ranges up Page 111 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance to 50 MHz. The U85 internal VCO operates at ten times the output frequency. The sampling clock applied to the ADC can be viewed at TP86. The main processor monitors the U85 lock condition via bit 13 of CPLD input register A. If unlock is detected, the synthesizer will be reloaded. 6.1.2.4 Field Programmable Gate Array Receiving Logic The 14-bit ADC output samples representing the analog signals in the 40 to 43 MHz tuning range are input to the field programmable gate array (FPGA) EP3C10 U37. The FPGA contains programmable logic hardware used in the receiver (as well as other logic used in the transmitter). It is well suited to very high speed dedicated repetitive tasks needed for digital reception and transmission. The FPGA logic functions are booted by loading compiled hardware description language (HDL) code into it at time of radio initialization. The FPGA contains digital mixer, digital tunable oscillator, baseband digital channel width band pass I and Q filters that also decimate the sample rate to lower values. Digital RMS signal power detectors and automatic gain control (AGC) are also included. AGC is necessary to compress the full dynamic range of the receiver into convenient16-bit wide output samples. The first digital intermediate frequency is from approximately 6 (= 40-34) to 9 (= 43-34) MHz. The digital mixer output is baseband (or zero intermediate frequency) I and Q channels. The other input to the digital mixer is from a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) numerically controlled oscillator (NCO). The NCO operates at the ADC sample rate and synthesizes the tuning frequency using an accumulator followed by sine and cosine lookup tables. For example, if the desired receiver frequency is 40.000 MHz, the first IF is 5.920 MHz and the NCO is tuned to 5.920 MHz to translate the desired signal channel carrier frequency to exactly 0 Hz baseband. The signal in the desired 10 kHz bandwidth RF channel is represented by two 5 kHz low pass signals in quadrature phase relationship with each other, known as I (in-phase) and Q

(quadrature-phase) digital channels. The sample rate is ultimately reduced to 48 ksps in each channel by the low pass decimator filters following the digital mixer. This rate still greatly exceeds the Nyquist rate for 5 kHz I and Q signal bandwidth at the FPGA output. The filtering and sample rate decimation provide a crucial signal to noise ratio (SNR) enhancement (also known as signal processing gain) that increases the SNR by more than 30 dB to overcome the high 38 dB effective noise figure of the ADC input. 6.1.2.5 DSP demodulator The 48 ksps I and Q samples are transferred from the FPGA into the DSP working memory by its direct memory access (DMA) controller. The TMS320VC5510A DSP is 16-bit fixed point numeric implementation with internal program and data memory RAM. The DSP program is written in compiled C language that is loaded into the DSP by the CF at time of radio initialization. The receiving samples are bundled in blocks of one hundred; one block is transferred every 2.08 ms. The FPGA notifies the DSP through an external interrupt when a block of samples is ready. Page 112 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance The DSP processes each sample block while the next block is being collected. A separate section discusses the multi-simultaneous channel capability of the receiver. The sample block transfer and demodulation process is normally gated by the presence of a signal present (SP) average power detector that is implemented in the FPGA. User settable parameters determine the power level required in the receive channel to cross the SP threshold and this activates the FPGA to DSP sample block transfers. A later section discusses how features such as this are part of the low power modes (LPM) contribute to reducing the average receiving DC power dissipation while the receiver idles. The DSP BPSK demodulator uses a squaring loop digital PLL to recover the estimated receiver carrier. This facilitates coherent detection of the BPSK samples. The symbol timing is also recovered. Data bits are recovered by hard decision sampling at the symbol (bit) rate. Note that for BPSK the symbol, baud and bit rates are all the same value. The bits are initially applied to a digital correlator that searches for the 24 bit synchronization (sync) word. When sync is detected, the DSP SP signal going to the CPLD is set high. This signal is needed to wake up the CF when it is sleeping in low power mode. DSP SP can be viewed at TP9. The balance of the bits in the received packet are funneled into message bytes and entered into a receiver buffer in the DSP. It also notifies the CF via the HP_/HINT (TP33) that data packet bytes are available for collection via the host port interface (HPI) between the DSP and CF. The DSP can alternately demodulate 9.6 kbps GMSK packets. GMSK is a variation of FSK. The I and Q sample blocks are applied to a digital limiter and frequency discriminator. The discriminator is implemented by a delay-conjugate-multiply plus arctan algorithm. Its output is applied to a sync correlator that detects the sync bytes as well as determining the optimum hard decision sampling instant for the following packet bits. Operation past that point is the same as BPSK. 6.1.2.6 Detected RF signal power (DETRF) As mentioned earlier, the FPGA measures the noise and signal power in the signal channel, converts it to decibel values and passes the value to the DSP every 2.08 ms. The DSP applies a factory gain calibration factor called ADCGAIN to determine the absolute power level in dBm. This is reported as DETRF value via HPI to the CF (and is also known as received signal strength indicator RSSI) value that can be viewed by various commands such as MM or STAT. The value is also converted to a scale that drives one channel of the octal utility DAC U83 over a range of zero to five volts. The DAC output is routed to J7, the 40-pin front panel connector for viewing with a scope or voltmeter. Page 113 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Page 114 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance s t l o V

, F R T E D 4.30 4.20 4.10 4.00 3.90 3.80 3.70 3.60 3.50 3.40 3.30 3.20 3.10 3.00 2.90 2.80 2.70 2.60 2.50 2.40 2.30 2.20 2.10 2.00 1.90 1.80 1.70 1.60 1.50 1.40 1.30 1.20 1.10 1.00 0.90 0.80 0.70 0.60 0.50 0.40 0.30 0.20 0.10

1 2 0

1 1 8

1 1 6

1 1 4

1 1 2

1 1 0

1 0 8

1 0 6

1 0 4

1 0 2

1 0 0

9 8

9 6

9 4

9 2

9 0

8 8

8 6

8 2

8 4

8 0 Input, dBm

7 8

7 6

7 4

7 2

7 0

6 8

6 6

6 4

6 2

6 0

5 8

5 6

5 4

5 2

5 0 Page 115 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Figure 12. Detected RF Plot MAINTENANCE 6.1.3 Digital Transmitter Components The transmit modulation path (TX exciter) starts with the CF, proceeds to the DSP, the FPGA and finally the Quadrature Digital Up Converter (QDUC). The QDUC outputs low level RF directly on the assigned carrier frequency. That signal is passed to the RF power amplifier PCA. Refer to the transmitter signal processing block diagram Figure 16 for the ensuing discussion. Data src Master Microprocessor MCF54455

(U50) NRZ Data Digital Signal Processor TMS320C5510A

(U8) I 96 ksps Q FPGA EP3C10

(U37) Interpolator 25 I=in-phase, Q=Quadrature-phase baseband data modulation Interpolator 200 Modulator 480MSPS DAC 480MSPS RF SIN/COS Lookup Tables Phase Quadrature Digital Up-

Converter AD9957(U63) DAC AD5318

(U23) TXCO 19.2 MHz CAL Voltage Clock PLL 480MHz

(19.2 x 25) Direct Digital Synthesizer

(NCO) TXCO 25 MHz Power and Control Paths Not Shown Transmit Digital Section Transmit Analog Section RF Preamp RF 50MHz Low Pass Filter A1 50MHz Low Pass Filter A2 XFMR 2:1 XFMR 1:5 TX/RX Switch TX LOW PASS FILTER U1 - HMC589A Q1 - L2711 CMU PCB RFPA PCB DC Amp

(U2) RF Detector Q2 A3 Q3 Q2 & Q3 R100HHHFIC Two Stage Class C RF Power Amplifier Coupler 40-46 MHz 10,25,50 or 100 watts R100HHHFIC Figure 13. Transmitter Block Diagram 6.1.3.1 TX LO and Exciter The transmitter carrier is generated and then modulated by the Quadrature Digital Up-Converter

(QDUC) IC (U63). A control path (not shown) from the master processor operating system (OS) passes carrier frequency selection commands to the QDUC direct digital synthesizer (DDS). The QDUC is multifunctional. First, it uses a phase locked loop (PLL) to multiply the TCXO frequency to (19.2 * 25) = 480 MHz. This serves as the precision sample clock for a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) inside the QDUC. The carrier frequency is generated by the accumulator in the DDS numerically controlled oscillator (NCO). The available resolution is 100 Hz and the output frequency range is 40 to 47 MHz Because of the PLL tracking loop, the frequency accuracy and stability of the carrier is proportionally the same as the TCXO. The Page 116 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE QDUC PLL lock condition is monitored by the OS. The OS will abort or inhibit transmission if the QDUC PLL is unlocked. The NCO output samples are applied to sine and cosine digital lookup tables. The sine and cosine signals are applied to a complex digital modulator operating at 480 Msps, also inside the QDUC. The modulator output is applied to a high speed DAC and then exits the QDUC as an approximate 1 mW modulated RF carrier. A 7-pole LC low pass filter then removes the 400+

MHz alias frequency output and other minor QDUC intermodulation products before the signal is routed to the RFPA. Details of the carrier modulation process are provided below. 6.1.3.2 RF Power Amplifiers The low level modulated carrier is passed to the RFPA circuit board where it is amplified to 10W, 25W, 50W or 100W by three RF amplifiers in a chain depending on operator selection. One inter-stage low pass filter and final output low pass filter as well as frequency selective components not shown remove harmonics created by the nonlinearity of the RF amplifiers. Automatic output power level control (ALC) is provided by a feedback loop as shown on the RFPA diagram. This keeps output power stable over a range of power supply voltages and operating temperatures. 6.1.3.3 Modulation Process NRZ user data enters the MRC-565 via a serial, USB or Ethernet port. The OS packetizes it and adds preamble, synch, protocol headers and checksums. Packets will vary in length from approximately 20 ms to 200 ms. The transmitter can emit either constant envelope (CE) BPSK or CE GMSK. 6.1.3.3.1 CF and DSP TX Character processing The CF assembles all of the header, payload and CRCC bytes of the message packet. The CF

(including the CPLD glue logic) also orchestrates the TX start up and shut off control and sequencing. There is one message packet per transmission in half duplex mode. The CF uses the DSP HPI to transfer the TX character bytes to the DSP TX message FIFO buffer. The DSP is responsible for modulation pre-coding, band limiting and part of the sample rate interpolation process. Packet Characters are block processed, one byte, i.e., 8 bits at a time. The packet bits are sent serially, one bit per symbol so the bytes are first disassembled into individual bits. The DSP converts the message data bytes first to bipolar bits and then concatenates bits from consecutive bytes into a continuous stream. Each modulation type is further described below. 6.1.3.3.2 Constant Envelope Differentially Encoded BPSK Modulation Differentially encoded BPSK is confined to a circular phase trajectory so it has fixed amplitude, i.e., no amplitude modulation (AM). Each new bit is converted to a bipolar value dependent on the previous bit. If the result is positive (negative), the phase of the carrier will be advanced

(retarded) 180 degrees during the bit period. If the result is 0, the carrier phase is not affected. A Page 117 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE Gaussian low pass pulse filter is used to spectrally limit the pulse train so that it fits inside FCC spectral emission mask C. The sum of the filter coefficients is scaled to equal exactly 180 degrees of phase shift. The sine and cosine of the phase are determined from LUTs. The resulting I and Q samples are then transferred to the FPGA TX FIFO. 6.1.3.3.3 Constant Envelope GMSK Modulation Minimum shift keying (MSK) is a form of FSK where the peak-to-peak frequency deviation is exactly one half of the bit rate and the peak deviation is therefore one fourth the bit rate. The carrier phase of unfiltered MSK snaps forward or back 90 degrees each bit period. There is no AM. A Gaussian LPF is added to smooth the step response to bit polarity changes and reduce the spectral bandwidth. The MRC565 GLPF uses BT = 1 meaning that the 3dB BW equals the bit rate. This mild filtering is suitable for meeting FCC spectral emission mask C at 9600 bps or less. A LUT is used to provide the filter response for the samples in one bit period based on the values of the current bit and the previous bit. The filter output represents a phase increment. This is accumulated to produce phase rotation (relative to unmodulated carrier phase) for each sample. A sin LUT is used to obtain the sin and cos of the phase. These values are entered into the I/Q sample buffers for transmission to the FPGA TX FIFO. 6.1.3.3.4 Downstream Transmit Sample Processing The DSP output I and Q baseband modulation sample rate is 96 ksps. These samples must be further interpolated to the digital modulator sample rate to avoid modulation aliases. The FPGA is used to provide sample rate interpolation by a factor of 25 to 2.4 Msps. The 2.4 MHz I and Q samples are interleaved for transfer to the QDUC. The QDUC provides the final interpolation by 200 to 480 Msps. 6.1.3.4 Modulation Limiting In either modulation type, the DSP calculations are precise and well-behaved. This is one way that transmitter spectral control is achieved. Digital signal processing and accurate clock sources produce baseband modulation signal waveforms that have precisely controlled amplitude and spectral characteristics described above. These levels and spectral characteristics are fixed by firmware and require no further calibration or adjustment prior to the modulator. 6.1.3.5 Power Limiting The Transmitter Block Diagram, Figure 16, shows that the RF power amplifier (RF PA) has an average power output detector and DC feedback system to control the gain of one of the RF amplifier stages. This provides automatic level control to stabilize transmitter power output over rated temperature and power supply voltage ranges. The feedback is adjusted to set the RF output power to 100W at the programmed operating frequency at time of order processing. The power detector variation over the programmable transmitter frequency range is less than 1 dB. A hardware duty cycle limiter in the PA relies on a fixed RC time constant to cut off power to the RF amplifiers to protect them against overheating as well as functioning as a backup to the OS duty cycle limiting algorithm. 6.1.4 Discrete Digital Output, Relay Junction and Analog Input Four optically isolated inputs, two form C 2 amp relays and six 10-bit Analog to Digital converter channels are routed through a high density D-44 pin connector. A 4 lead adapter cable Page 118 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE is used to break out the discrete digital output, relay junction and analog input ports into one D-

25 pin connector. The user can program these inputs and outputs to execute timed events or to monitor external asynchronous events. 6.1.5 Power Amp Interface The CMU interfaces to the RFPA assembly via 4 cables. CMU J15 connects to the RFPA with a 20-pin ribbon cable. RX RF coaxial cable from the RFPA enters the CMU at J1. The TX exciter output to the RFPA is at J16. The optional GPS receiver input to the CMU is at J4. Nominal 12V DC power for the CMU is obtained from the RFPA assembly via J15. 6.2 Microprocessor This section outlines the general computer architecture for the MRC-565 microprocessor board. Detailed sections are supplied describing the power, processor, memory, and I/O subsystems. Discussion of the microprocessor includes:

Overview CPU Memory Data Input/Output Discrete Digital Output, Relay junctions and Analog to Digital Input Transmitter/Receiver Interface Peripherals Power Fail Detection/Protection DSP BPSK I & Q Generator 6.2.1 Overview The MRC-565 microprocessor board contains a small, low power, industrial grade microcontroller (the Motorola MC68332 processor) surrounded with memory, I/O, and peripherals to meet the requirements for the MRC-565. The basic unit contains:

Motorola MCF 54455 Coldfire microprocessor External RS 232 I/O ports (+/- 5V), quantity 3 Internal serial port1(jp3 selectable) , serial port 2 (jp4 selectable), or port 3 I2C for GPS

(0 to 5V), quantity 1 Power Amplifier Interface Port Real-time clock Page 119 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE 12-bit 16 channel A/D converter Power fail detection circuitry Solid State Relay outputs, quantity 2 Optically isolated digital inputs, quantity 4 Digital outputs, quantity 5 (0 to +5V) Onboard temperature sensor (from PA board) 6.2.2 Cold Fire Processor The MRC-565 microprocessor design is centered around the Motorola MC54455 Coldfire embedded controller. The MCF54455 is an advanced 32 bit processor based on the Version 4 Coldfire architecture. It contains a 32 Kbyte internal RAM, a USB On-the-Go Controller, DDR SDRAM Controller, a 16-channel DMA Controller, a DSPI controller, three UARTS, I2C Controller, Ethernet Controller and Flex Bus Controller for interfacing to external GPIO devices, Flash Memory Devices, and to the DSP Processor. For detailed information on the CPU operation, refer to the MCF54455 User's Manual. 6.2.2.1 Memory The MRC-565 microprocessor contains 128 Mbits of FLASH program memory (organized as 8 Meg of 16 bit words, 128Mbits of FLASH data configuration memory (organized as 8 Meg of 16 bit words), and 256 Mbits of low power dynamic RAM memory (organized as 16 Meg of 16 bit words). New releases of operating code can be can be down loaded through the RS-232 ports (user on site ) or remote down loading can be achieved via the Transmit and Receive hardware and another modem ( user off site ). 6.2.3 Data Input/Output Three DCE RS-232 ports, one SDI-12 Port, 6 Analog to Digital converter channels, 2 Solid State 1/2 amp relays and 4 optically isolated inputs are available through one high density D-44 pin connector. A 4 lead adapter cable is used to break out the RS-232 ports and additional I/O into three DB-9 pin connectors and one DB-25 connectors. The three DCE RS-232 ports are labeled OPER, AUX, and DATA. The OPER port is intended for control terminals and carries only the necessary 3-wire RS-232 signals. The AUX port carries the 3-wire RS-232 signals. The DATA port contains the 3-wire RS-232 communications and basic handshake and modem lines

(RTS,CTS,DTR,DSR,RING) defined in the RS-232 standard. Internal Jumpers (J3 & J4) are available allow one to select Port 1 or Port 2 to connect GNSS Daughter board to Codefire processor. When this is done, Port1 or Port 2 wont be available externally. Page 120 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE 6.2.4 Coldfire Microprocessor Peripherals and Serial Configuration The MCF54455 Coldfire (CF) DMA-Supported Serial Peripheral Interface (DSPI) and its I2C serial interface supply serial communications to external peripherals. The CF DSPI select outputs are routed to the CPLD. The CPLD provides digital logic to produce serial chip selects. When the radio is booted, the CF loads the FPGA hardware program and DSP firmware programs via the CF DSPI. Utility ADC U12 is read via the DSPI. The RX Synth Clock U85, the QDUC U63, and the high speed ADC U71 are configured by DSPI. Radio parameter serial storage memory nonvolatile EEPROM U62 is read and written via DSPI. I2C is used to configure clock ICs U51 and U60. The CF Several peripherals are available on the MRC-565 microprocessor: 10-bit A/D converter, a temperature sensor and a real time clock. Four channels of the A/D converter are utilized in the transmitter/receiver hardware. The temperature sensor is connected to one channel of the A/D converter and can be accessed directly by the user. The remaining 6 A/D converter channels are accessible to the user . The third peripheral, a real time clock, is available for keeping system time and time stamping critical events. 6.2.5 Power Fail Detection/Protection The MRC-565 microprocessor utilizes a high precision analog threshold detector to determine when power fails are occurring. A high priority interrupt is activated on the MCF 54455 processor when a pending power fail is detected after which the processor is guaranteed approximately 1 msec to prepare for power failure. If no power failure actually occurs, the internal watchdog wakes the MCF54455 in 45 seconds for normal operation. During an actual power fail, the microprocessor restarts once system power returns. 6.2.6 Voltage Regulators The CMU contains several voltage regulators, as described below. In addition to these regulators there is a 3.3V Primary regulator that runs directly from the +10-16V input. This regulator provides power for the Real Time Clock (RTC) chip U60 and the power ON control chips. This voltage is powered on whenever the 10-16VDC is applied to the MRC 565. Its current drain when all other regulators are power off is less than 2 ma. If power is disconnected from the unit the RTC will loses its TOD and Alarm Clock settings and must be re set by the operator. 6.2.6.1 Input Switching Regulator A Switching regulator chip is used to provide a stable 5.3 volt supply to all of the CMU circuits. The input to this regulator is obtained from the +10-16V input from the PA Interface Connector. The regulator is capable of supplying a minimum of 500 ma of current to the CMU. The regulator operates at an efficiency exceeding 85%. The Regulator can be powered down by a PWR-ON control signal, generated by the CPLD.. Page 121 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE The regulator feeds a linear 5V regulator and two additional switching regulators each with three outputs. 6.2.6.2 CF Switching Regulator A three output switching regulator is used to generate the three voltages that power the Cold Fire Processor and its peripheral devices. The three voltage are:

3.3V Powers CF54455 I/O, CPLD, RS232 interfaces, Flash Memory, Ethernet Controller 1.8V Powers Dynamic RAM 1.5V Powers MCF 54455 Core 6.2.6.3 DSP Switching Regulator A three output switching regulator is used to generate the three voltages that power all circuitry associated with the Receiver and Exciter circuitry. The three voltages are:

3.6V Powers FPGA and DSP I/O, Rx Clock synthesizer, RF Pre Amps, TCXO, and QDUC circuit. 2.0V Powers the ADC circuit, the FPGA Core (1.2V), and the DSP Core (1.6V) 1.8V Powers QDUC RF Output There are several additional linear regulators that are used to filter the switching noise on the DSP Switching Regulator. The total current in the receive mode is typically 120- 140 ma. This current can drop to 70 ma by using the low power modes controlled by the CF Processor. Page 122 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE 6.2.6.4 5 V Regulator A linear Voltage Regular is used to regulate the 5.3 voltage to 5.0 volts for powering the CF ADC, The DSP DAC, and the USB On-the-Go circuit. 6.3 Power Amplifier (MRC-56500301-10) The amplification of the +0 DBM output of the CMU to the final RF output of 10, 25, 50 or100 watts is accomplished with 3 RF stages, A1, A2 and A3. The PCB mounts to the aluminum chassis that forms the bottom half of the MRC-565 enclosure. The chassis also provides a heat sink for all the high power RF transistors. The RF output of the CMU (0dBm) is amplified to 50 milli-watts (17dBm)by the first stage of the amplifier, A1. The second stage of the amplifier, A2, amplifies the signal to 2 watts

(33dBm). The final stage of the amplifier, A3, which includes two MOSFET Transistors and two center tap transformers, amplifies the signal to 10, 25, 50 or 100 watts depending on level set by operator. Frequency range for this amplifier is 40-46 Mhz. A unique power switch circuit is used to control the application of DC Power (+12VDC) to the various amplifier stages. The purpose of this control is to insure that the RF power output is switched on with a controlled rise and fall time (approximately 1 msec) when the TXKEY signal from the processor is turned on and off. The TXKEY signal from the processor triggers a duty cycle limit. When the key is held on in excess of one second or when the duty cycle exceeds 10%, the TXKEY will be gated off. A temperature sensor is located on this PA to allow the processor to read the internal temperature of the unit. This temperature can be displayed on the operator port, or it can be transmitted to a distant MRC MRC-565 The final section of the power amplifier assemble contains a pin diode T/R switch, a 5th order elliptic low pass filter, a directional coupler, and a BPF on the Receiver port of the T/R switch. The T/R switch, low pass filter, and directional coupler are enclosed in a metal shield. An ALC loop is used to maintain a fixed RF output over temperature and voltage variations. The output of the power amplifier is coupled through the T/R switch to the harmonic low pass filter. The switch is implemented with PIN diodes. A fifth order elliptic low pass filter reduces the harmonics of the output signal. This enables the amplifier to meet FCC requirements for harmonic emissions. The filter attenuates second and high order harmonics by 60 dB. Its insertion loss is less than .3 dB. Page 123 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE The Power Amplifier board incorporates a dual port directional coupler. The coupler measures the forward and reverse transmitter power. The coupler is used to measure the voltage standing wave ratios (VSWR) of the antenna. If the VSWR exceeds a 2.0:1 ratio, the transmitter shuts down, preventing the unit from transmitting into an improper load or open circuit. This protects the output transistor from a catastrophic failure. Internal GNSS daughter board (optional) 6.4 The X5 Daughter Board mounts directly inside the MRC565 radio on a modified MRC565 CMU board. Modifications to the CMU board include removing the Ublox GPS module, adding a 12-

pin header connector and adding a 3.3V power regulator. The 12-pin header connector has a 3.3VDC, 5VDC, two RS232 ports, SPI port and PPS. The X5 Daughter board includes a Septentrio Mosaic X5 chip, mating 12 pin connector, Ethernet control chip and an Ethernet jack. Two jumpers (JP3, JP4) have been added to the CMU board allowing operator to select which serial port will be sacrificed for X5 Daughter board operation and which will remain connected to the 44-pin connector. For an MRC565 configured as a remote without the X5 Daughter board, both jumpers are set to connect Aux and DTA to 44 pin connectors. For an MRC565 configured as a remote with the X5 Daughter board, the AUX jumper will be set connecting Aux serial to X5 Daughter board internally and leaving the DTA connected to the 44pin connector. When configured as a base there are two options. 1. connect both AUX and DTA serial ports to X5 Daughter board, keeping both the NMEA and RTCMv3 streams connected to CMU board internally. 2. use IP sockets to connect X5 Daughter board to the CMU board. For this option will need an external ethernet switch. The X5 Daughter board Ethernet jack also allows operator to access Mosaic X5 daughter boards internal Configuration Web Page via a new M8 Ethernet connector added to the front panel of the MRC565. Ethernet Controller Ethernet Jack Mosaic X5 chip U.FL to GNSS Figure 14 MRC565 Updated CMU board & Mosaic X5 Daughter Board Page 124 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE Page 125 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE MAINTENANCE Page 126 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE 7 Maintenance Maintenance of the MRC-565 has been reduced dramatically because of the use of a Software Define Radio (SDR). Proper operation is guaranteed through the verification and or adjustment of a few software and hardware parameters. These parameters are described in the following sections. 7.1 Script Files It is critical that the proper script files are loaded before operation begins. These script files configure the MRC 565 for operation in its specific location. Script files are loaded using XTERM and can be enter from either the front panel COM port or the Ethernet connector. This can be done either locally or at a remote connection that has an Ethernet connection to the Master. Refer to the XTERM manual for details on loading script files. Of all the parameters that are entered through the script files, only three are unique to each station. These are:

ID SERIAL NUMBER SITE NAME Its best to setup script files for each Master with these three parameters and then use and INCLUDE STATEMENT to add all the common parameters as a file name. If all are blinking, the internal Power Supply must be working properly, however its a good idea to measure this voltage as noted in the next step. 7.2 Measuring Voltage Levels There are several voltage regulators on the CMU board. All have test points for measuring values. A list of test points and there location is shown below. In addition the following command can be used to verify several of the voltages:

SCALE Page 127 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE TP TABLE NO 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 1 2 3 4 5 6 TP 89 91 120 108 115 116 100 98 110 75 105 99 32 69 3 2 113 117 47 48 37 38 88 96 103 50 137 46 66 74 65 80 87 DESCRIPTION 5.000V 5.000V 3.300V 3.300V 1.800V 1.800V 1.500V 1.500V 3.600V 3.600V 1.800V_TX 1.800V_TX 3.300V_DSP_FPGA 3.300V_DSP_FPGA 3.300V_DSP_DSP 3.300V_DSP_DSP 2.500V_FPGA_PLL 2.500V_FPGA-PLL 1.200V_FPGA_CORE 1.200V_FPGA_CORE 1.600V_DSP_CORE 1.600V_DSP_CORE 3.300V_ETHERNET 3.300V_ETHERNET 1.800V_ADC1 1.800V_ADC2 3.300V_4360 25 MHZ CLOCK ETHERNET 25 MHZ CF 25 MHX CPL2 25 MHZ FLEX BUS 60MHZ CLOCK 19.200000MHZ CLOCK 7.3 Setting Up and Calibrating the MRC-565 Radio Parameters Page 128 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE 7.3.1 CMU Adjustments There are two calibration commands required to set up a CMU to make the radio portion function properly. These adjustments are set up and saved in the factory or repair center and require the use of calibrated RF test equipment. These commands are not to be used at the installation site. A special password sequence must be used to save a new value to any of the parameters. For troubleshooting purposes, these values can be overwritten on a temporary basis without the password sequence. The following values are stored in EEPROM, and are not changed in any operational circumstance, including factory default command or loading a new operating system. Use the following commands to view and change these parameters. CAL CALRAND Specific CAL parameter commands:

Returns value for use in saving CAL parameters Prints out the current cal values 1. CAL, FREQCAL,nnn Calibrates the freq of the 19.2MHz TCXO 2. CAL, ADCGAIN,nnn Calibrates the ADC1 (J2) rx sig strength, default 47 Its a good idea to measure and record the 19.2 MHZ Reference Oscillator (TCXO) . Connect a scope probe connected to TP and plugged into the BNC connector of a counter with a stable clock reference (<1 PPM) to make this measurement. The oscillators must be within +/- 2PPM of the desired frequency of 19.20 MHZ. AT 19.2 MHz this is about +/- 5 Hz. If any frequency is off by more than 5 Hz, you must calibrate it with the following command:

CAL, FREQCAL,nnn Change nnn around the value 510 to achieve the desired results. The RSSI values for the receiver can be adjusted by connecting a calibrated signal generator to each receiver input and the typing MM to read the value the values in DB. You should adjust the RSSI value at an input level of -106 DBM at the receiver input. At this level MM should read -106. You can calibrate the readings by connecting a signal generator to RX Input at J1 and using the following commands to adjust the gain number. CAL, ADCGAIN,nnn The other cal parameters should not be changed. Calibrates the ADC rx sig strength, default 47 Page 129 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MAINTENANCE Once you enter the Cal parameters noted above, you should save these values, so that when the SW reboots or power is removed from the MRC 525, the parameters are saved. To SAVE Cal parameters enter the following commands:

CALRAND CAL,SAVE,CALRAND#

to obtain a CALRAND#

to save the values Once you have saved these parameters, enter the following command to display the cal parameters. CAL Record the results. 7.3.2 Power Amp Adjustments The MRC-56500301-10 Power Amplifier is factory tuned to the customer specific frequencies at the factory. These parameters should not be changed in the field. With the 56500301-10 FET PA Amplifier 4 different power levels can be selected using the RFP command. RFP,10 10 Watts, RFP,25 25 watt, RFP,50 50 watts and RFP,100 100 watts. Page 130 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS APPENDIX A: COMMANDS Page 131 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS APPENDIX A: COMMANDS All implemented MRC-565 commands are listed in the Table below alphabetically for ease of reference. However, many commands are used in conjunction with others. These functional groups are given below. You may also type HELP or HELP,command to receive an explanation of any listed command. The commands with a * in front are stored in Parameter Memory. The most critical commands are in BOLD text. STATION CONFIGURATION COMMANDS

*ASSIGN

*CHANNEL

*CHECKIN CLOSE PORT CONNECT DATE

*DESTINATION

*DEVICE

*DUTY CYCLE HOST MODE

*ID IP IPCONFIG LOGOFF LOGON

*LOS CHECKIN

*MODULATION RCT REMOTE TYPE RXTYPE SAVE SCALE SCHED SERIAL

*SET BAUD

*SNP

*SOURCE RELAY START STOP STT SUBST TIME TIME ZONE

*TXLIMIT STATUS COMMANDS BINS CLS CONFIG

*HOURLIES MEM MODE MON MONOFF NETMON STAT

*STAT TIME T TEST POSITION LOCATION COMMANDS

*POS MESSAGE COMMANDS CANMSG CANMSG MODE CANMSG OFF COMPRESSION DEL MSG DQE RXQ DQE TXQ FLUSH MSG FLUSH RXQ FLUSH TXQ

*HOLD MESSAGE

*MSG

*PRINT REMCMD RED Page 132 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS IPC Sn NEW PASSWORD OPEN PORT PASSWORDMODE MODE CONTROL COMMANDS

*CORPAT

*FULL DUPLEX MAINTENANCE COMMANDS SHOW TXQ BOOT SMS RESET UPDT REV SHOW RXQ

*HALF DUPLEX

*ROLE CR10X COMMANDS CR10X CR10X,ACQMODE CR10X,GROUP CR10X,INTERVAL CR10X,MAXQ MASTER MODE COMMANDS

*BASE CONFIGURATION LISTM POSRPT RTCM MASTER SIMULATOR COMMANDS

*P DUAL MASTER STATION COMMANDS SWCTL UTILITY COMMANDS HELP DATA LOGGER COMMANDS SDATA

$PENTM CR10X,ORDER CR10X,REGISTER CR10X,RESET CR10X,SCALE CR10X,SECURITY CR10X,SETPTR CR10X,SIGNATURE CR10X,STAT CR10X,TIME CR10X,UPLOAD POLL PRG REMOTE STAT SHOW RXQ SHOW TXQ SML Page 133 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MM NET

* Parameters/settings specified by these commands are stored in Parameter Memory (CPM). Changes specified by these commands take effect immediately but are lost when the unit is rebooted unless the SAVE command is issued to write the changes to the non-

volatile Flash memory. Changing the unit ID automatically saves the entire configuration.

*REPEATER SHOW REMOTES SMS APPENDIX A: COMMANDS Page 134 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MRC-565 Command List COMMAND

*ASSIGN

{,function,port,protocol

{,timeout}}

NOTE

{function, port and protocol}

information for all ports

(except internal port 3) are stored in CPM; this information for port 3 and all timeout information is stored in RAM. APPENDIX A: COMMANDS MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE Port 0 1 2 3 (internal) DIAGNOSTICS PORT DESCRIPTION Control allocation of user interface functions among physical device channels. When no parameters are entered, displays I/O configurations. Port definitions are as follows:

4000) I/O Connector OPERATOR PORT DATA PORT AUXILIARY PORT Ethernet / USB Connector ETHERNET1 (IP PORT Port 4-7 NOTE It is possible to lose control of the MCC-565 software by assigning control functions to ports with no devices attached or by turning off control functions. For example, if you turn off the Operator Port (ASSIGN,MNT,OFF), you will not be able to enter commands or view printouts from the MRC-

565. You must open the Power Cycle the MRC-565 to enable the Operator Port. PARAMETERS function = user interface function port = physical device channel protocol = link level protocol RANGE MNT, DTA, ALT, POS,E1F1,E1F 2,E1F3,E1F4,C R10X,CR1000 0=OPERATO R,1=DATA,2=

AUX, 4-7= Ethernet ASCII,MSC,M SC2,PKT,FWS

,CR10X,CR10 XTD,CR1000, PAKBUS,SER PKT,APCL5,G PS,RTCM,M1 2RTCM,M12D IFF,TRAN,UA IS,GYRO,SOU NDER,PHAR OS,H350,DIR ECT,GENERI C,AEI,HOTB OX, drivers.MPL Page 135 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS COMMAND DESCRIPTION MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE ASSIGN,RXn,Channel,Proto col

*BASE{,nnn,nnn}

BINS BOOT CANMSG,name,len{,Qsize}{, count}

CANMSG MODE {,mode) CANMSG OFF,nnnn RXn = Receive Number 1,2,3. (All use same ADC) Channel = Channel Number Default is all RX1, RX2, and RX3 assigned Refer to Channel Command to set frequencies Set/display range of Master Station IDs reserved for use as Base Stations. In MB networks set BASE to OFF. Print link distribution statistics Cold start of Station software. All volatile memory is lost. Automatically generate a test message of specified length that repeats until turned off with CANMSG OFF command. You can compose the message by entering only the destination name (not message length or minimum queue depth). Destination node must be a neighbor node. CANMSG cannot contain more than 25 messages in its queue. If the number of canned test messages in queue falls below minimum queue depth, additional canned messages will be injected. Set reception of canned test messages to two of the following states:

Turn canned test message mode off PRINT print all test messages NO PRINT does not print test messages PARAMETERS timeout in seconds Channel = 0 to 20 Protocol =

OFF,MBNET RANGE 0 32767 nnn = lowid,highid OFF = no Bases 2 253 1 4095 1 3000 0 25 0 9999 nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 4095 Remote = 256 4095 len = number of characters in message Qsize = min. # of canned messages in queue count = total number of canned messages to generate mode = PRINT NO PRINT nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 - 4095 1 4095 Page 136 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS COMMAND CHANNEL PARAMETERS RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Shows the Active Transmitter and Receiver frequency and the frequency table where up to 21 frequency channels can be defined. There are three frequency bands. CHANNEL,xxx.xxxx,yyy.yyy y,aa,bb Select Frequencies, Modulation Value, and Channel for the Transmitter and the Receiver. CHANNEL,zz

*CHECKIN{,ii}

CLEARBINS Sets operating Channel from the list frequency channels under frequency table. Select check-in interval in seconds Clear hourly bins CLEARLINKSTAT Clear link stats CLOSE PORT,function

{,function,}

Close specified MRC-565 port from operation. You can enter more than one port name to close, using commas to separate the names on the same line. CAUTION The OPEN/CLOSE PORT commands directly affect MRC-565 network activity and message flow. Do NOT use these commands unless directed to do so by your System Administrator. Print current values, then clear link statistics (see CLS Page 137 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance xxx.xxxx= Transmitter Frequency yyy.yyyy= Receiver frequency aa = mod_val bb = Channel Table Channel Number zz = Channel Table Channel Number ii = interval function = user interface function xxx.xxxx= 40.000 50.000 MHz yyy.yyyy=40.000 50.000 MHz aa= 1 - 6 aa= 1-6 bb= 0 - 20 zz= 0 - 20 1 65535 RS-232 functions MNT, POS, ALT, DTA Ethernet1 func. E1F1, E1F2, E1F3, E1F4 USB functions U1F1, U1F2, U1F3, U1F4 COMMAND CONFIG,{ }

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION LINKSTAT). Show current configuration parameters report. NOTE Configuration in CPM may differ unless the SAVE command is used after configuration changes are made. NONE ALL SCRIPT APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS RANGE L:ists Summary Table of parameters Lists all parameters in list format Lists all parameters in a SCRIPT format 1 65,500 CONFIGURATION CONNECT,{id1id10}

CORPAT CORPAT,RX,action

{,pppp...}

List major Master Station configuration settings. Limits Remote-to-Master connectivity for lab and field network configuration. Up to 10 Master IDs can be set. The radio will only communicate with the other radios in its connect list. Without parameters, display report of available correlation patterns and indicate usage. Define Receiver correlation patterns to recognize. Pattern 1 is the default and is the only pattern recognized if no others specified. Up to 16 pre-

defined patterns are recognized. CORPAT,TX,pppp

{,ALWAYS}

Define Transmitter correlation pattern to send. Pattern 1 is the default and is the only pattern recognized if no other specified. Up to 16 pre-

defined patterns may be used. Page 138 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance id = Master Station OFF = no limitation 1 8 1-- 8 action = ON define patterns or OFF use only default pattern pppp = pattern number;

ALL means recognize all patterns pppp = pattern number ALWAYS means use specified pattern instead of received COMMAND DESCRIPTION RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE CR10X CR10X,ACQMODE,mode Display CR10X configuration parameters Set CR10X acquisition mode - Get all reports since last UPDT APPENDIX A: COMMANDS CR10X,GROUP,source Specify source of data report group assignment. PARAMETERS pattern mode =

ALL get all reports since last update CURRENT get only the current data report LAST,n get last n data reports source =

565 565 assigns group numbers;

CR10X internal group number matches data array CR10X CR10X assigns group numbers; 565 gets group number from first sensor n = seconds nnn = number of reports n = register number ddd = value 0 32767 1 200 1 28 Signed floating point number

(see CR10X manual) CR10X,INTERVAL,n CR10X,MAXQ,nnn Acquisition scan interval in seconds. OFF disables acquisition scan Set maximum number of reports to queue for each scan of the CR10X CR10X,REGISTER,n{,ddd} Read/Set internal storage register. Page 139 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND CR10X,RESET CR10X,SCALE,type DESCRIPTION Reset CR10X internal error counters to zero Define sensor scaling type. MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE CR10X,SECURITY,nnnn, nnnn,nnnn CR10X,SETPTR,date,time Enter CR10X Internal Security Codes. See CR10X manual. If CR10X program contains security codes, this command (with correct security codes) must precede any other command for CR10X to respond. Manual set up of last data pointer in the MCC-6100 APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE PARAMETERS type =

545C data scaled in integer hexadecimal units CR10X data scaled in Campbell Scientific floating point format nnnn = security code date = mmddyy time = hhmm 0 - 9999 mm = 1 - 12 dd = 1 - 31 yy = 0 - 99 hh = 0 - 23 mm = 0 - 59 Page 140 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND CR10X,SIGNATURE CR10X,STAT CR10X,TIME,source MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Read and Display Current CR10X program signature. The Signature is a checksum of program bytes. Read and display CR10X internal pointers and error statistics. Specify source of data report group timestamp. CR1000 CR1000,ACQMODE,{CURRE NT,ALL,LAST,N}

Show current settings Set CR1000 acquisition mode - Get all reports since last UPDT CR1000,SETPTR,MM/DD/YY, HH:MM CR1000,INTERVAL,{off,n}

CR1000,GROUP,{CR1000}

CR1000,TIME,{CR1000}

CR1000,MAXQ,nnn CR1000,SCALE,{CR1000,INT}

Set the CR1000 pointer to a specific date & time Sets the CR1000 Scan interval to off or to nnn seconds n Page 141 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS Signature = checksum RANGE 0 - FF (hex) source =

545B 545B assigns timestamp CR10X CR10X assigns timestamp;

MCC-6100 gets timestamp from second and third sensors mode =

ALL get all reports since last update CURRENT get only the current data report LAST,n get last n data reports 0-32767 COMMAND CR1000,PUBLIC CR10XTD,STAT CR10XTD,RESET CR10XTD,SECURITY,xxxx,yy yy,zzzz CUSTID,nnnnn DATE{,mm/dd/yy}

DEL MSG,nnnn:sss

*DESTINATION{,nnnn....}

*DEVICE{,type}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Display/Set customer id for this radio. Set system date. If no parameters are given, show current date. If parameters are given, DOS calendar will also be updated. Delete specified message. Set default message/data destination(s). For MB operation enter 0 to use source routing at the Master Station. Select device type mode of operation (i.e., the MRC-

565 acts as a Remote, Base, Repeater, etc.). MAK ETE DQERXQ,nnnn:sss Delete specified message from the receive queue DQETXQ,nnnn:sss Delete specified message from the transmit queue Page 142 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS nnnnn= customer ID mm = month dd = day yy = year nnnn = Station ID sss = message serial #

nnnn = OFF, 0 or Station ID:

Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 type =

MASTER REPEATER,{ID}

BASE,ETE,{on,off}

REMOTE,

{MAK,{ON,OFF}},

{ETE,{ON,OFF}}

nnnn=Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 sss = msg serial number nnnn=Station ID Master = 1 245 RANGE 1-99999 1 12 1 31 0 99 1 255 0 4095 1 4095 1 245 1 4095 COMMAND DESCRIPTION MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DSP DSP,WATCHDOG,ON OR OFF

*DUTY CYCLE

{,percent,{max burst length in bytes}}

EVENT EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,DEL,n EVENT,RESET,ACTION EVENT,{DIOHI,DIOLOW,DI OFLASH},BIT,DURATION,H OLDOFF,ACTION SHOWS DSP IMAGES STORED IN FLASH SETS WD TIMER TO RESET DSP IF NO RX WITHING 5 MINUTES Set/display transmitter duty cycle (default is 10%). Duty cycle increases in increments of 5%. Show Event Table. Delete Event Table. Delete Event Number 'n'. Define an action to be taken at power-up/reset. Define an event that looks for a discrete input line to go to a high/low level. APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS Remote = 256 4095 sss = msg serial number ON OFF RANGE 1 245 percent = 1 100 1 100 DIOHI = Scan discrete input signal for high condition. DIOLOW= Scan discrete input signal for low condition. Bit-name= Name of discrete input signal to be scanned for high level. (single or multiple inputs) Duration= Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle at the high level before clearing an event Holdoff= Number of Page 143 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND DESCRIPTION RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS EVENT,{ADCHI,ADCLOW, ADCFLASH},CHAN,LEVEL, DURATION,HOLDOFF,ACTI ON Define an event that looks for an analog input signal to go at or above a high level, or to go at or below a low level PARAMETERS clock ticks for the analog input signal to settle at the low level to be armed for detecting the next event. Action= MCC-6100 action to be taken when the event is declared. See actions below. ADCHI= Scan A-to-D converter channel(analog input signal)for high condition ADCLOW= Scan A-

to-D converter channel(analog input signal)for low condition Level= Signal level for the event to trigger at or above (for hi-level), or at or below (for low-

level) which the analog input signal must persist in order for an event to be declared. Scaled in Engineering Units. Page 144 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND EVENT,{IFGT,IFLT,IFEQ},B IT1,BIT2,ACTION DESCRIPTION Test whether a time, counter or accumulator is greater than/less than/equal to another timer, counter or accumulator. MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE PARAMETERS IFGT= If this parameter is greater than second parameter. IFLT= If this parameter is less than second parameter. IFEQ= If this parameter is equal to second parameter. Bit1= Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test. Bit2= Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test Bit1 against. Action= MCC-6100 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. EVENT,CONT,ACTION EVENT,DO,ACTION EVENT,TEXT The CONT (Continue) event is used to define multiple actions to an event. An event definition command can be followed by any number of CONT commands and are considered to be an extension of the previous event command. The DO event is used where an unconditional action is required. This type of event is not connected to other event lines as the CONT is. It is independent and will be initiated every time the event monitor executes the script item. Show Event Text Message Table Page 145 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND EVENT,TEXT,{TEXT ITEM NUMBER, MESSAGE or COMMAND TEXT}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Add a new text string into the text table. This command will replace an existing item if one already exists with the same item number. APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE TEXT= 1-40 MESSAGE TEXT = upto 40 Chars. PARAMETERS TEXT= Define a Text string command. Item-number = Item number to be created or replaced by this command. Message text = Body of the text. Can be up to 40 characters, and will be converted to upper case. The text is used by the TXT or CMD action to send a text message or issue a local command. EVENT,TEXT,DEL,ALL EVENT,TEXT,DEL,TEXT ITEM NUMBER EVENT,DISPLAY,TEXT ITEM NUMBER EVENT,XDISPLAY,Acc#

EVENT,GROUP EVENT,GROUP,DEL,ALL EVENT,GROUP,DEL,GROU P-NUMBER,bit/chan list Deletes all previously defined text items. Deletes a specific item from the text table. This command makes the given item be a null message. The other text string items in the table are not affected. Display a specific item from the text table. Show Group Table Delete all Group definitions. Clears the group table. Delete a specific group definition from the group table. This does not cause the other defined groups Page 146 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND PARAMETERS RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION to be renumbered. Note: use channel/F(x.xx) for CSI Flt Point Example:

EVENT,GROUP,1,FPWR/F A0/F(0.1) APPENDIX A: COMMANDS Produce an immediate SDATA group report when the command is entered. Group Number

= 1-16 EVENT,INVERT,DEL,{ALL, ITEM NUMBER}

EVENT,INVERT,INPUT BIT LIST EVENT,TESTBITS,DEL,{AL L,ITEM NUMBER}

EVENT,TESTBITS,INPUT BIT LIST EVENT,SELFTEST,N,action EVENT,UPDT,GROUP NUMBER EVENT,STATUS,{CHANNE L,BIT}

EVENT,STATUS,GROUP,TI MERS,COUNTERS,ACCUM ULATORS}

EVENT,ACTION Display an immediate value for any discrete input bit or any ADC channel. Show current values Immediate command Where ACTION =

TXT,40 CHAR TEXT Msg CMD,N Execute Local Command, N=Text String Number ERROR MESSAGE Send Wayside error message to Host DISPLAY,N Display Text on Operator Terminal CAN,NNN Page 147 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance UPDT = Update sub-

command; i.e. issue a group sensor data

(SDATA) report. Group-number= Group number to be reported in an SDATA report. COMMAND PARAMETERS RANGE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION POS MARK COLLISION SET{/N,/T},BIT or SET,{Tn,Cn,An},ttt CLR{/N},BIT or CLR,{Tn,Cn,An}

PULSE,BIT,HI,LOW,COUNT UPDT,GROUP-NUMBER

{INC,DEC},Cn

{ADD,SUB,MUL,DIV,AND,OR,XOR},An Acc and Constant MOV,{Tn,Cn,An},{Tn,Cn,An}

ADCIN,CHAN,An,Fmul - Read ADC Channel into Accumulator Where CHAN =

FPWR,RPWR,BAT,LBAT,IBAT,DETRF,TEMP,TXC,RXC,A CK,PROBE,REMOTE, ADC1-ADC6,XADC1-XADC6,SS/ch/loc Where BIT =

(inputs)DTR RTS IN1 IN2 IN3 IN4

(inputs)XIN1,XIN2...XIN32, XINPB

(outputs)DSR CTS RING MCLK MDIR MSET RO1 RO2 SW12V

(outputs)Xout1,XOUT2...XOUT10

(Status Bits)BIT0 ... BIT15

(Timers)T1,T2...T8

(Counters)C1,C2...C8

(Accumulators)A1,A2...A24

(Logical Operators) '&'=AND, '|'=OR, '!'=NOT FACTORY,DEFAULT,INIT Restores the factory default parameters. FILES FILES,x FILES,{CD,CHDIR}{,dir}

Show current working drive and directory. Change current working drive. Change or report current working drive and directory. Page 148 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS COMMAND FILES,{MD,MKDIR},dir FILES,DIR{,dir}

FILES,{RD,RMDIR},dir FILES,COPY,src,dst FILES,MOVE,src,dst FILES,{DEL,ERASE},file FILES,REN,src,dst FILES,TEST,file,len FILES,TYPE,file FLOODTIMEOUT{,tt}

FLUSHMSG FLUSHRXQ{,name}

FLUSHTXQ{,name}

*FULL DUPLEX GATEWAY GENERIC GENERIC,Port,TYPE,{AUT O,LINE,OFF}

PARAMETERS MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Make new directory. Lists files in current or specified directory. Deletes (removes) a directory. Copies a file. Moves a file. Deletes a file or directory. Rename a file or directory. Create a test text file of specified length. Displays the contents of a file. Displays or sets flood timeout in minutes. Delete all messages from all queues. Delete all messages from name from RX queue. Delete all messages from name from TX queue. Set MCC-6100 in full-duplex mode. IMPORTANT Use this command only if directed to do so by your System Administrator. When set to full-duplex mode, the MCC-6100s receiver is disabled by the built-in Tx/Rx switch. UAIS MSC port Gateway mode on,off Show settings This command selects whether the report is in a single line format or multiple line format. AUTO specifies single line with free-format, and LINE specifies the multiple line format. The OFF option is provided to turn off a previously set-up port. GENERIC,Port,GROUP,AUT The AUTO group numbering will start at group Page 149 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance RANGE COMMAND O GENERIC,Port,GROUP,LIN E,1stGrpNo,START,END GENERIC,Port,GROUP,FIX ED,GrpNo GENERIC,Port,GROUP,SCA LE,{FLOAT,INT}

GENERIC,Port,DATE,AUTO GENERIC,Port,DATE,LINE, LineNo,START,END{,MM/D D/YY}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION number 1 and increment by 1 for each 16 sensor values. The LINE option allows the group number to be within the data at the given line number and between the given start and end column numbers. The FIXED option will use the Line Number parameter as the first group number then increment by 1 for each 16 sensor values. The SCALE option will scale sensor values by the factor given. (Default scale is 1.) The AUTO date option will use the MCC-6100 internal Date. The LINE option allows the date to be within the data at the given line number and between the given start and end column numbers. GENERIC,Port,TIME,AUTO The AUTO time option will use the MCC-6100 internal time. The LINE option allows the time to be within the data at the given line number and between the given start and end column numbers. GENERIC,Port,TIME,LINE,L ineNo,START,END,{,HH:MM

:SS}

Page 150 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS RANGE The FORMAT is optional, and shows a template of the date format. It can be MM/DD/YY, YY/MM/DD, MMDDYY, YYMMDD. If the format is not given it will default to the MM/DD/YY format. The FORMAT is optional, and shows a template of the time COMMAND MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION RANGE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS format. It can be HH:MM:SS, HH:MM, HHMMSS, HHMM. If the format is not given it will default to the HH:MM:SS format. GENERIC,Port,SENSOR,AU TO GENERIC, P, SENSOR, AUTO, 1stSenLineNo, START GENERIC, P, SENSOR, LINE,1stSenLineNo,START,E ND GENERIC,Port,POLL,OFF GENERIC,Port,POLL,POLLS TRING,Interval GENERIC,Port,REPORT,OF F GENERIC,Port,REPORT,Rep ort String In AUTO mode, sensor values are delimited by blanks or commas and there may be several per line. If the line number is given, data can start on other than the 1st line. if the start parameter is given, data can begin in a column other than the 1st column. The polling feature can be used for data loggers that do not print a data report unsolicited, but require some command string to be sent to request the next report. The poll string can be any printable ASCII characters up to 20 bytes in length. The INTERVAL parameter is given in decimal and is the number of seconds between outputting the poll string. The report string allows the definition a fixed string of printable ASCII characters that is at the beginning Page 151 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS RANGE COMMAND GENERIC,Port,COMMAND, Command String HALFDUPLEX HELP{,command}

*HOLD HOLDOFF{,n}

HOST MODE{,mode}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION of each new set of report characters. This is useful for ignoring bursts of non-report text. Each report is started with the report string and ends with the timeout parameter. If the data logger can accept commands as a single line of text (no embedded <cr><lf>) without having to be locally present at the data logger to type keys into a menu, then this capability may be just the ticket. When a remote command is received by the MCC-6100, it will output the Command String bytes to the data logger preceded and followed by a carriage return and line feed. The response text, up to 1024 bytes, will be captured and returned to the originating modem as a remote command response message. Set MCC-6100 in half-duplex mode. (default setting) Display help information on specified command. If no parameter entered, all commands are sequentially displayed in alphabetical order. Select message hold mode. Time to hold off selecting a Master Station in minutes. Define host mode functionality in composite networks when host link is not available. command = valid MCC-6100 command STOP = stop transmitting if host connection lost CONTINUE = keep transmitting if host connection lost, but set bit flagging loss in Page 152 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND DESCRIPTION RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS probe OFF = ignore host connection state; keep transmitting and do not set bit flagging loss in probe action =

ON enable OFF disable nnn = Remote ID mmm = Master ID mode mode = AUTO, PREF, FIXED, or MULTI INIT = initializes ID change 256 4095 1 245 HOSTSEGFWD{,on,off}

*HOURLIES{,action}

Enable/Disable multi-Master segment mode. Turn on/off hourly statistics. HTTL{,n}

If device = Remote: Normal operation

*ID{,nnn,mmm{,mode}

{,INIT}}

NOTE Remote and Master IDs are kept in CPM, and mode is kept in RAM. Set Host port timeout in minutes. Set MRC 525s assigned Master Station ID to number nnn. When no parameters are given, current ID is displayed. When system is already initialized, you must enter the INIT parameter to change ID. INIT gives OK to save configuration and reboot unit with new ID. ID changes are automatically saved with the entire configuration in CPM. mode parameter (if used) specifies initial connectivity with specified Master. AUTO means no connectivity established. PREF means Remote considers connectivity established. FIXED (Default) means connect only with specified Master. MULTI means Remote can connect to multiple Master Stations. NOTE If command does not change the ID or Master Station, the SAVE and reboot are not performed. Page 153 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS mode = AUTO, PREF, FIXED, or MULTI nnn = assigned Master ID INIT = initializes ID change RANGE 1 245 COMMAND ID,mode If device = Master:

*ID{,nnn{,INIT}}

INICHECK,{SCRIPT}

INIPRINT INIRUN INISTOP INIWRITE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Change mode as discussed above without affecting ID; no reboot performed. Set MRC-565s assigned Master Station ID to number nnn. When no parameters are given, current ID is displayed. When system is already initialized, you must enter the INIT parameter to change ID. INIT gives OK to save configuration and reboot unit with new ID. ID changes are automatically saved with the entire configuration in CPM. CAUTION If you enter INIT, you will lose all current message information. Check CIM signature with current configuration signature and reports results. If the SCRIPT option is entered, automatically run script from CIM if signatures are not equal. Display command lines saved in the CIM. Force scripting from the CIM. Stop writing command lines to CIM. This command terminates the INIWRITE command. Copy all Command lines, following this one, to the CIM. Use the INISTOP command to finish copying lines to the CIM. NOTE Commands entered after INIWRITE are not processed by the MCC-6100 but redirected to CIM Page 154 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION until the INISTOP command is entered. Show Port IP address. Show only IP Settings IPCONFIG,E1,{off,192.168.16.30}

IPCONFIG,E1,DHCP,{ON,OFF}

IPCONFIG,E1,DHCPSERVER,{ON,OFF}

IPCONFIG,GATEWAY,192.168.16.2 IPCONFIG,SUBNETMASK,255.255.255.0 IPCONFIG,TXRATE,{10,100}

Show the complete linkstat table. The up arrow ^

next to the unit ID denotes the current neighbor(s). The dash means that the unit(s) is declared as neighbor down, or is being received over the RF link. COMMAND IP IPC or IPCONFIG LINKSTAT LINKSTAT,{M}asters,

{B}rief LINKSTAT,{R}emotes,

{B}rief LINKSTAT,{U}p,{B}rief LINKSTAT,{D}own,{B}rief LINKSTAT,id1,id2, , , id1-2. {B}rief LIST LISTM{,nnnnn}

LOCATION{lat,lon,{alt(mete rs)}}

Page 155 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Show all Nodes with Monitor on. Display Remotes with burst monitor bit set (all Remotes or given IDs up to 12). Set/display the position information (latitude, longitude). You can enter the location information manually to calculate distance, etc from the other radios when there is no GPS connected physically to nnnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 - 4095 Format example>47:14.1234N, 122:16.7812W 1 4095 APPENDIX A: COMMANDS COMMAND PARAMETERS RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION the radio. The radio will not transmit the position information if there is no GPS connected, you can use UPDT, POS to transmit your location information. Example: 47:14.1234N,122:16.7812W,12.89 Lock the ID, Channel, Config settings. Valid radio ID must be entered to lock the ID structure. Valid frequency CHANNEL must be entered to lock the Channel structure. Valid Serial Number, Customer ID, DSP image must be entered to lock the Channel structure. Used to disallow operator commands with automatic 10 minute timeout for LOS role and 60 minute timeout for TRANSPOND role. Logs you off, disables ALL following operator commands except LOGON, $PENTM, or SDATA. LOGON used to allow operator commands. To log onto a unit, enter the LOGON command followed by the current password. This will remain in effect for a timeout period (10 or 60 minutes depending on operating mode), or until you log off. Default =

MCC-6100 Select check-in interval (in seconds) and retry count for LOS operation. Turns LPM OFF LPM,SP Receiver Front End fully operational. Main Processor and DSP go to lowest power state, Ethernet turned off. DSP and CF wake up when FPGA detects a signal above FPGAHI Password = 3-20 character password A-Z, 0-9, -

1 65535 1 65535 ii = interval rr = retry LPM,OFF LPM,SP1 LOCK,{ID,CHANNEL,CONF IG}

LOGOFF LOGON,password

*LOS CHECKIN{,ii,rr}

LPM{,OFF}

LPM,SP Page 156 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND DESCRIPTION RANGE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE threshold. Timer and Alarm can also turn everything on. Estimated Receive Current is 80ma. An internal Timer will wake up main processor for 1 sec every 10 seconds to allow a keypad entry to wake up device. Tapping a key continuously for up to 10 seconds will wake up device for 20 seconds after last keypad entry. LPM,ALARM Same as SP except Receiver front

(DSP,ADC,RX CLOCK) turns off if nothing in TXQ. CPLD Timer or Alarm turns everything back on. Estimated Receive Current is 60ma. When TXQ has data, same current as in LPM,SP LPM,PWR Same as SP2 except Power to entire radio is turned off. Alarm clock or Ignition wire set to (2 to 12V). Estimated Current is 2 ma. This mode is the same as that in 545B. PARAMETERS LPM,SP2 LPM,PWR MAINTMON,id MEM MESSAGE

{,p{,dest1destn}}

Define Maintenance monitor node ID. Show usage of dynamic pool memory. Enter a message with text editor. Message priority and destination are optional parameters. After entering message, press [ESC] to queue for transmission. If you do not enter a destination ID, the MCC-6100 automatically sends your message to its default destination (set with the DESTINATION command). If you want to use source rounting, enter p = priority dest1...destn =

destination(s) name = node name nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 A Z, 0 9 A Z, 0 9 1 4095 Page 157 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS COMMAND MM{,count,{HIST,DIST}}

MODE MON{,d{,r}}

MONITOR{action{,nnn

{,nnn,,nnn}}}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION 0 for the destination. Print current value of RF signal on Receiver in dBm. Print operating mode information. Turn on burst monitor. Only meteors lasting long enough to deliver d characters will be monitored. If at least r characters were received, a monitor line is generated. Control monitoring of individual units and print burst statistics. Overrides MONOFF command and causes monitor lines to print for each reception from this unit. MONOFF

*MSG MSTUP,ID MSTDOWN,ID MSTSEL NET NETMON,ON,OFF}

NEWPASSWORD,old password, new password Turn off burst monitor Display and delete top operator message in receive queue when message HOLD is enabled. Force Master Neighbor up Force Master Neighbor down Force Master selection. Used in LOS Protocol only Display network routing table for all selected neighbors. Network monitor Used to change the password. The NEW PASSWORD command is used to change the internal stored password. You must be logged on and know NET no neighbors NET1,2 1,2, etc., neighbors NET,all all neighbors Page 158 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance PARAMETERS RANGE 0 32767 0 32767 1 - 4095 d = duration character count limit r = received character count limit action =

ON enable OFF disable nnn = units to be monitored ALL default Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 - 4095 password = 3-20 character password A-Z, 0-9, -

APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS RANGE COMMAND NHL,starthour,duration NHHA,starthour,duration NHCLR OPEN PORT,port MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION the old password. The password will automatically be saved. 24 hour noise history

- 5min averages

- hourly averages

- date stamp Noise history hourly averages Clear noise history buffer. Resume activity on specified closed port. You can enter more than one port name to open, using commas to separate the names on the same line.

- hourly averages

- date stamp CAUTION The OPEN/CLOSE PORT commands directly affect MRC-565 6100 network activity and message flow. Do NOT use these commands unless directed to do so by your System Administrator. function = user interface function

*P{,?/sec/OFF}

LOS MODE only. Configures MRC-565 for pulse probe mode. If no parameters are entered, transmit single pulse probe. Enter transmit single pulse probe. Enter P,? to display current pulse probe mode settings. Enter P,xxx to send a single periodic probe once every xxx seconds. Enter P,OFF to turn off

? = current settings sec = periodic pulse period (in seconds) OFF = turn off periodic pulse mode Page 159 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance RS-232 functions MNT, POS, ALT, DTA Ethernet1 func. E1F1, E1F2, E1F3, E1F4 Ethernet2 func. E2F1, E2F2, E2F3, E2F4 USB functions U1F1, U1F2, U1F3, U1F4 COMMAND PAKBUS PAKBUS,ID,n PAKBUS,INT,mm PAKBUS,INF, iii PASSTHRU PASSWORDMODE,action, password POLL,{OFF,{interval,offset,d uration,retry}}

n mm iii MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION periodic pulse mode (you can still transmit single pulses with P). Show PAKBUS Protocol Settings. Use with CR1000 Sets PAKBUS ID Route Broadcast Interval Max # of hops in network Show settings PASSTHRU,P1#,P2#

PASSTHRU,OFF,P#

PASSTHRU,OFF Used to enable/disable use of passwords. Default is disabled. To enable or disable the operation with passwords, enter this command giving the desired action along with the current password for the unit. This will trigger an automatic save operation. If set to the ON mode, the state of the unit will be set to logged-off. All operator and remote commands except scheduled commands, $PENTM commands, and SDATA commands will respond with ACCESS DENIED!. You will not be able to turn off the mode without first logging on. Define/display polling schedule for Base/Repeater Station. APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS RANGE N = 1 to 4095 MM= 1 to 3600 Iii= 1 to 100 action =

ON enable OFF disable password = 3-20 character password A-Z, 0-9, -

interval = polling interval in seconds offset = offset from top of minute duration = length of poll retry = retry count for 1 86400 1 59 1 10 1 99 Page 160 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE COMMAND DESCRIPTION PORTROUTING{,ON,OFF}

*POS{,interval,format, protocol}

Display/initialize internal MRC 565 timing for reporting GPS position data. Specify update period in seconds, in either binary or text format, using given protocol. POS,LOCAL{,interval}

Display/initialize timing for local output of position reports on MNT and DTA ports as well as sending them. POS{additional commands}

APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE 0 65535 BINARY, TEXT NMEA, ARNAV, TAIP, TRANSAS 1 86400 PARAMETERS failed polls interval = reporting interval in seconds format = display format protocol = GPS unit protocol interval = reporting interval in seconds;

OFF disables local output POS,COPY,Port#

POS,AUTO,miles,min seconds,max seconds POS,AUTO,{ON,OFF}

POS,GPS,Cc,p POS,HIGH - Precision POS,LOW - Precision POS,HDOP,OFF POS,HDOP,ON, x.x, y.y - WHERE: low=x.x high=y.y POS,HOLD,{ON,OFF}

POS,LOCK,on,speed(m/s),dist(m) POS,SPEED,mm - manual test speed over-ride POS,SCALE,f.ff - rrc scaling POS,RXDIFF,OFF POS,RXDIFF,ON,{ALL,MASTER}

Enable/disable echoing of intercepted position POSRPT{,action}

action =

Page 161 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND RANGE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION reports to local MNT and DTA ports. Also used to enable/disable duplicate filtering and control format of these reports. IMPORTANT Do not use POSRPT,ON command at a Base Station. PRE PRE,TOTAL BYTES,NUMBER NULLS,BIT PATTERN PRG,ID,ID,ID,......

*PRINT PRIORITY,message type,p Shows status of preamble bits in the TX frame. Define your own preamble pattern of 1s and 0s. Purge Master ID defs Enable messages to print as they are received. Priority for GLOF Reports F PTO PTW RCT,{on,off}

REMCMD Power Time Out Power Down Delay in seconds Power wakeup Power wakeup interval in seconds Remote Control Terminal With the text editor, enter a command to be sent to a p = priority Page 162 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance A Z, 0 9 0ff, 1-34,464 1-86000 A Z, 0 9 PARAMETERS ON enable OFF disable DUPL,ON enable duplicate filtering DUPL,OFF disable duplicate filtering FORMAT,LONG output report on two lines FORMAT,SHORT output report on one line DIST,nnn set minimum distance for reporting BIT PATTERN =

1 = 01010101 2 = 00110011 message type =

FLOOD, ALERT, ROUTINE p = priority COMMAND

,p,dest1{,destn}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Remote. After entering command, press [ESC] to send the command. REG Show Registration data Transmit REG report to Default Destination Force Remote Neighbor down Maximum number of remotes Force Remote Neighbor up REG,TX REMDOWN,ID REMOTES{,n}

REMUP,ID REMOTE STAT{,nnnnn} Display transmit/receive statistics for all Remote Stations or for given IDs (up to 12). REMOTE TYPE{,aaaaa}

Display/set communication characteristics of the unit. Determines how certain statistics are reported and how remote commands/messages are framed. RESET REV

*ROLE{,role{,low,high}

{,mode}}

Resets the DSP and FPGA Processors. Does not affect CF Display part and revision numbers of the:

Main Processor CF DSP Processor FPGA Processor. CPLD Gate Array Define role played in network, either SILENT (never transmits), TRANSPOND (responds to probes), PROBE (actively probes), or LOS (line of sight) Page 163 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE A Z, 0 9 1 4095 1-4095 PARAMETERS dest1destn destination(s) name = node name nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 n= # of remotes nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 aaaaa =

COMM DATA PACKET role = SILENT, LOS, TRANSPOND or PROBE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS low = threshold for switching from LOS to MB mode in idle probes per minute high = threshold for switching from MB to LOS mode in idle probes per minute mode = MB or LOS nnn = latency in seconds Up to 3 RANGE 0 32767 0 32767 0 59 COMMAND NOTE Role is kept in CPM, and low,high and mode are kept in RAM. RR,{on,off}

RTCM{,nnn}

RXSTAT RXTYPE RXTH SAVE SCALE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION mode. If role is set to TRANSPOND, the low and high parameters can be used to specify the threshold values for automatic meteor burst vs. line of sight modes of operation and the mode parameter can set the starting mode (meteor burst or line of sight). Thresholds are specified in idle probes per minute. To prevent LOS operation altogether, set the low threshold to 1000 if the units Master is half duplex or 5500 if it is full duplex. Remote Relay On or Off Define time latency in seconds between beacon receiver and local time. Without parameter, display report of satellites in view by beacon receiver. Shows stats for each receiver that is defines Display Receiver Type MRC-565 Display Receiver Threshold Save CONFIG parameters in CPM. Reboot of MCC-6100 (or restart due to software failure) returns unit to configuration saved in CPM. Chan Scale Offset Raw ADC Cal Value

VBAT 0.0048800 0.0000 2598.0000 12.678240 PA_VF 0.0000221 0.0000 1.0000000 0.0000221 PA_VR 0.0000221 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 PATEMP 0.8820000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 3.3V 0.0012207 0.0000 2686.0000 3.2788002 1.8V 0.0012207 0.0000 1450.0000 1.7700150 1.5VCFC 0.0012207 0.0000 1132.0000 1.3818324 3.3DSP 0.0012207 0.0000 2671.0000 3.2604897 1.6DSPC 0.0012207 0.0000 1218.0000 1.4868126 1.2VFPGAC 0.0012207 0.0000 976.00000 1.1914032 ADC1 1.0000000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 ADC2 1.0000000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 ADC3 1.0000000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 ADC4 1.0000000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 ADC5 1.0000000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000 Page 164 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND SCALE,parameter,value{,offs et}

APPENDIX A: COMMANDS MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION ADC6 1.0000000 0.0000 0.0000000 0.0000000

PARAMETERS RANGE Display set A/D scaling factors for the unit. Factors depend on type of receiver and power supply used in the MCC-6100. parameter =

VBAT battery voltage PA_VF PA Fwd Pwr PA_VR PA Rev Pwr PA_TEMP- PA Temp 3.3V 1.8V 1.5VCFC 3.3VDSP 1.6VDSPC 1.2VFPGAC ADC1, . ADC6 value = scale factor basis = TIME or INTERVAL hh - hours mm - minutes ss - seconds 0 23 0 59 0 59 SCHED SCHED{,basis,hh:mm:ss

{,OFFSET,hh:mm:ss}, command string}

IMPORTANT Up to 50 commands can be scheduled. Do not schedule commands that require user interaction (such MESSAGE Display all scheduled commands Schedule execution of the specified command string. If timeframe basis = INTERVAL, the command string will be executed whenever the specified time interval elapses during the day. If timeframe basis =

TIME, the command string will be executed at the specified time. The OFFSET option allows specification of an offset from the timeframe basis. Page 165 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION PARAMETERS RANGE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS COMMAND and REMCMD), or any commands that change port configurations. SCHED,DEL,nn SDATA,g,c,time stamp, value... Delete specified schedule item number. If nn =

ALL, the entire schedule will be cleared. Enter an MCC-550C data report directly from the serial I/O port. Up to 16 values may be entered. Use the LINK command to route the data. Enter 00000000 in Time Stamp to use current time. nn = schedule item 1 50 number g = group number c = sensor count time stamp = mdddhhmn value = ASCII hex sensor value 1 4 1 16 mm 1 12 dd 1 31 hh 0 23 mn 0 59 0 FFFF 1 255 sss = message serial number function = user interface function baud = baud rate parity data stop flow = flow control ALT,C&S,DT A,MNT,MSG, POS 50-115200 O/E/N 5/6/7/8 1/2 Y or N SERIAL{,sss}

SERIALNUMBER{,sn}

*SET BAUD

{,function,baud,parity,data,stop

,flow}

Set next packet serial number. Parameter sss is serial number of last packet transmitted. Display/Set serial number of this modem Adjust baud rate and flow control of specified port. When no parameters are entered, this command displays I/O configurations. Page 166 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND SHOW REMOTES SHOW RXQ,nnnn MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Display ID and assigned 520/525 of each Remote in system. Display contents of receive queue for the originating Station. SHOW TXQ,nnnn Display contents of transmit queue for the destination Station. SIGNALPRESENT{,dBm}

SIG,Block,-dbm Display/Set Signal Present threshold in dBm. Enter the threshold in dbm for each block. MANUAL AUTO SITENAME{,name}

SML{,nnnn}

SMS{,nnnn}

Display/Set Site name Display names and serial numbers of message packets in specified message list. If parameter is not entered, all message packet names and numbers are displayed. Display status of message packet in specified message list.

*SNP{pname,value}

Set network parameters. See range column for values entered for each parameter. NOTE Some network parameters are only for use in Master Operation mode (RDOWN, CONNP, TEXTL, FLOODP, INF, RELAY). APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS nnnn = originating Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 nnnn = destination Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 dBm = -0 to -130 Block = DSP FPGAHI FPGALO nnnn = destination Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 pname = TTL time-to-

live (truncated to nearest 10 minute boundary) TTR time-to-retransmit RANGE 1 4095 1 4095 30 characters 1 4095 1 4095 0 2550 min. default = 120 0 255 min. default = 20 1 255 acq. Page 167 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION COMMAND NOTE TTL, TTR, NUP, NDOWN, RDOWN, OTL, HTO, TEXTL, CONNP, ETEAP, FLOODP, RELAY and INF are kept in CPM; DATAP and MBHOP are kept in RAM. APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS N UP neighbor up N DOWN neighbor down (minutes or number of transmissions) R DOWN Remote down OTL outstanding text limit CONNP connectivity msg. precedence ETEAP End-to-End ACK precedence HTO history file timeout TEXTL text size in segments FLOODP partial flooding precedent RANGE default = 20 1 255 min. or transmissions default = 20 0 32767 default = 1440 1 255 default = 20 0 9, A Z default = 1 0 9, A Z default = 0 1 255 min. default = 120 5 255 default = 32 A I default = A 2 = 255 hop default = 8 Page 168 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND DESCRIPTION MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE

*SOURCE RELAY{,nnnn}

START STAT

*STAT TIME{,xx}

STOP STT,secs Specify source routing table of one entry. The designated Station will receive all information sent without an explicit destination specification. If set to OFF, such information is discarded. Turn transmitter on. Display RF statistics report. Set interval (in hours, starting at midnight) when MCC-6100 automatically transmits statistics to Master Station. Turn transmitter off. Set command timeout (in seconds). Default is 15 seconds. Page 169 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE Master,Remote A Z default = Y 1 99 default = 1 PARAMETERS level INF infinity hop quantity RELAY relay function control. Use 3333 in MB networks DATAP priority of data reports created by 6100 MBHOP meteor burst link hop weight for meteor burst links nnnn = Station ID Master = 1 245 Remote = 256 4095 xx = interval 1 24 hours secs = time limit before reset (0-off, >0-on) 0 32767 COMMAND SUBNET{,code}

SUBST,rrr,g1,nnn,g2 MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Display/Set subnet code. Substitute Remote unit information in data reports received from a relay unit. SUBST,DEL,ALL SUBST,DEL,rrr,g1 Delete entire substitution table Delete entry in substitution table SWCORR SWCTL SWMON T TOD TEST TEST{,Tx}{,bit pattern,duration,interval}

Show current date/time. Display Time of Day and Date Displays RF Statistics with TX Keyed Send test transmission and return updated statistics. TESTMODE{,ON,OFF}

TIME{,hh:mm:ss}

Show/set test mode Set system time. If no parameters are specified, show current time. If parameters are given, DOS calendar will also be updated. Page 170 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS rrr = relay ID g1 = relay grp#

nnnn = Remote ID g2 = Remote grp#

rrr = relay ID g1 = relay grp#

Bit pattern=

1 = random 2 = all 1s 3 = all 0s 4 = 01010101 5 = 00110011 6 = 00001111 7 = PN9 Sequence CW= no modulation Duration of Tx key Interval is best fit hh hours mm minutes ss seconds RANGE 1 245 0 15 256 4095 1 4 1 245 0 15 1-7 & CW 10-10000 30-60000 0 23 0 59 0 59 COMMAND TIMEPROBE TIMEPROBE,OFF TIMEPROBE,SLOW TIMEPROBE,FAST TIMESYNC TIMESYNC,ON TIMESYNC,OFF TIMESYNC,ID1,ID2...ID10 TIMESYNC,GPS TIMESYNC,RTCM TIMEZONE{,UTC,sys}

MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION Show current setting Do NOT transmit time probes Tx Slow Time Probes Like 520B Tx Time Probe once a minute Show current setting Sync to ALL Master ID's Do Not Sync to Any Master ID's Sync only to ID's in this list Use UTC from GPS Use UTC from RTCM Beacon Receiver Set local time zone offsets from UTC time (GMT) and system time. TIMEZONE{,+/-UTC,+/-

System}

TRACE{,action}{data stream}{,port#}

Set/Display UTC and System Time Zone Offsets Diagnostic command used to enable/disable detailed analysis of the specified data stream. APPENDIX A: COMMANDS PARAMETERS UTC = offset from GMT sys = offset from system time RANGE

-12 12

-12 12 action =

ON enable OFF disable data stream =

RF,GPS,DSP,RTCM, IDLE,NOISE,DEBU G,IPC,TX,RX,Port #

n = port number count = # of transmissions period = minute NOTE: Read sensors but do not transmit data read TRACE,PORT,n

*TX LIMIT{,count}

Change output port Set limit on number of transmissions allowed in a 15-

minute period (in minutes). 0, 3-32767 UPDT{,function,parameters}

Send update message to data logger type device. Page 171 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE DESCRIPTION COMMAND APPENDIX A: COMMANDS RANGE RM: Routine message format RMP: RMP Message format value appropriate to the register:

0 255 1 8 (bit); 0 - 1 1 8 (bits); 0 -

255 PARAMETERS TX: Read sensors and transmit data read TIME: Set time of Data Logger (CR10X or CR1000) TEST: Operate compo-

nent in GLOF test mode:

ALERT FLOOD HORN GATE WARNING OUT: Set output register:

BYTE BIT,BITNUMBER BITS,STARTBIT, ENDBIT ARM: Enable alarm activation DISARM: Disable Alarm activation RESET: Reset alarm condition USB,{on,off}

VERBOSE{,ON,OFF}

Turn USB Clock On or OFF Default = on Show/set full/partial command mnemonic Page 172 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance COMMAND VDUREV DESCRIPTION Show SW Rev of VDU PARAMETERS RANGE MRC-565 COMMANDS TABLE APPENDIX A: COMMANDS Page 173 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS Page 174 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS The following is a list of MRC 565 Parameters that are installed after typing:

FACTORY,DEFAULT,INIT To obtain a list of parameters settings in SCRIPT format for the MRC 565 type:

CONFIG,SCRIPT ASSIGN,MNT,0,ASCII,30 ASSIGN,E1F1,4,ASCII,30 ASSIGN,RX1,0 ASSIGN,RX2,1 ASSIGN,RX3,2 BASE,OFF CAL,ADCGAIN,50 CAL,FREQCAL,510 CAL,CAPTURETHRESH,6 CAL,TXRXLEVEL,255 CANMSGMODE,NOPRINT CHECKIN,45 CHAN,41.6100,40.6700,1,0 CHAN,41.6100,40.6700,1,1 CHAN,41.6100,40.6700,1,2 CHAN,0 COMPRESSION,OFF CONTENTION,OFF CONTENTION,TRACE,OFF CONTENTION,MIN,62 CONTENTION,MAX,620 CONNECT,OFF CR10X,ACQMODE,ALL CR10X,INTERVAL,OFF CR10X,ORDER,FIFO CR10X,GROUP,CR10X CR10X,TIME,CR10X CR10X,MAXQ,20 CR10X,SCALE,CR10X CR10X,ME,OFF CR10XTD,DLOG PORT,-1 CR10XTD,ACQMODE,ALL CR10XTD,INTERVAL,OFF CR10XTD,ORDER,FIFO CR10XTD,GROUP,CR10XTD Page 175 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS CR10XTD,TIME,CR10XTD CR10XTD,MAXQ,20 CR10XTD,SCALE,CR10XTD CR10XTD,ME,ON CR1000,ACQMODE,ALL CR1000,INTERVAL,OFF CR1000,ORDER,FIFO CR1000,GROUP,CR1000 CR1000,TIME,CR1000 CR1000,MAXQ,20 CR1000,SCALE,CR1000 CR1000,ME,OFF CUSTID,00000 DEST,00000 DEVICE,REMOTE,MAK,ON,ETE,ON DITHER,ON DUTYCYCLE,15,3500,4 ETE,ON 01/01/00 18:16:07 Mode:OFF, Errors:20, Test:0/FIXED, History:5 Gcrc:0, Bcrc:0, Gfec:0, Bfec:0, Corrected:0 History by Neighbor ID:

C:0.00000, T/A: 0.000, MeanErrs: 0.000, Sdev: 0.000 FEC State:OFF C:0.00000, T/A: 0.000, MeanErrs: 0.000, Sdev: 0.000 FEC State:OFF GATEWAY,OFF HOLDOFF,0 HOSTMODE,OFF HOSTSEGFWD,OFF HOURLIES,OFF HTTL,2 ID,00500,00002,FIXED,INIT IPCONFIG,E1,192.168.10.1 IPCONFIG,E1,DHCP,OFF IPCONFIG,GATEWAY,OFF IPCONFIG,E1,SUBNETMASK,255.255.255.0 LPM,OFF LPM,KEYB,10 LPM,REMC,10 LPM,STOP,3 NETMON,ON PAKBUS,ID,0000 PAKBUS,INT,60 PAKBUS,INF,15 PAKBUS,MYHOP,4 Page 176 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS POLL,OFF POS,30,TEXT,UBX POS,AUTO,OFF POS,LOW POS,HDOP,OFF POS,HOLD,OFF POS,LOCK,OFF POS,COPY,OFF POS,SCALE,0.0000 POS,RXDIFF,ON,ALL POSRPT,ON POSRPT,DUPL,ON POSRPT,FORMAT,LONG POSRPT,DIST,OFF PRE,0 PRI,A,B,C PTO,OFF PTW,OFF RECEIVERS,1 REMOTES,400 REPEATER,OFF RFP,HIGH RFP,{10, 25, 50, or 100} CPLD firmware ROLE,TRANSPOND,100,50,MB RR,OFF RTCM,-13 RXTH,-120 SCALE,VBAT,0.0048800,0.0000 SCALE,PA_VF,0.0000221,0.0000 SCALE,PA_VR,0.0000221,0.0000 SCALE,PATEMP,0.2250000,-58.00 SCALE,3.3V,0.0012207,0.0000 SCALE,1.8V,0.0012207,0.0000 SCALE,1.5VCFC,0.0012207,0.0000 SCALE,3.3DSP,0.0012207,0.0000 SCALE,1.6DSPC,0.0012207,0.0000 SCALE,1.2VFPGAC,0.0012207,0.0000 SCALE,ADC1,1.0000000,0.0000 SCALE,ADC2,1.0000000,0.0000 SCALE,ADC3,1.0000000,0.0000 SCALE,ADC4,1.0000000,0.0000 SCALE,ADC5,1.0000000,0.0000 SCALE,ADC6,1.0000000,0.0000 SDI,TRACE,OFF SERIAL,3 SIG,DSP,-120 Page 177 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX B: FACTORY DEFAULTS SIG,RELSPHI,10 SIG,RELSPLO,3 SIG,AUTO SNP,TTL,120 SNP,TTR,60 SNP,NUP,1 SNP,NDOWN,60,10 SNP,RDOWN,2 SNP,OTL,255 SNP,CONNP,1 SNP,ETEAP,2 SNP,HTO,5 SNP,TEXTL,255 SNP,FLOODP,A SNP,INF,5 SNP,RELAY,MASTER SNP,DATAP,Y SNP,MBHOP,4 SOURCERELAY,OFF STATTIME,24 SUBNET,OFF TIMEPROBE,FAST TIMESYNC,ON TIMEZONE,0,0 TRACE,PORT:0 TRACE,DIR,A:\LOGS TXLIMIT,200 USB,ON Page 178 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Page 179 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING The MRC-565 supports customer-programmed event logic. Discrete and analog inputs can be monitored by the event program to detect "events" which then perform a defined "action". Actions may include the controlling of discrete output signals, incrementing counters, setting timers, and transmission of canned messages and issuance of various reports. This means that customers are somewhat independent of factory reprogramming from MRC and that MRC-565 behavior can be readily modified in the field. It also means that operators now have limited power to make the MRC-565 react to various field-programmable conditions. The operator sets up the event program when installing the MRC-565 or during maintenance and operation. Because the event program is implemented via operator commands, it can be entered not only at a local maintenance console, but also via the remote command capability. The event programs are stored within a non-volatile table in the MRC-565 battery-backed-up RAM. They are not lost due to external power failure. When the external power is restored, they will be enabled to respond to events again. Programming is usually done by creating a "script file" of the required event commands, and loading these into the MRC-565 using XTERM or any other terminal emulator software. Several input/output lines are available directly from the processor card of the MRC-565 modems. In addition, an I/O expander card (XIO) can be optionally used which uses 3 lines to implement a high-speed serial link for accessing the signals of the expander card. SDATA POS TEXT MSG

$HT TEXT MESSAGES REMOTE COMMANDS RF LINK MCC-545 Rf Modem SERIAL PORT EVENT SCRIPT FILE TEXT EDITOR DISCRETE INPUTS DISCRETE OUTPUTS ANALOG INPUTS DISCRETE INPUTS DISCRETE OUTPUTS ANALOG INPUTS MCLK MDIR MSET XIO Page 180 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Event Programming Overview Event programs are composed of signal test and action commands stored in a non-volatile event table. The MRC-565A stores the event table in battery-backed-up-RAM. The MRC-565 and MRC-565C store the event table in FLASH memory. The operator enters these event commands into the MRC-565. The MRC-565 scans the event table at power-up/reset, and then at every 1/16 second clock interval. It looks for the occurrence of defined events. When a defined event occurs, the MRC-565 invokes the corresponding action commands. The capability includes:

Testing discrete input lines Setting or clearing a discrete output line Testing Analog input values Transmitting brief text messages Execute a local command of up to 40 characters Transmitting vehicle position reports Transmitting marker drop reports Transmitting vehicle collision reports Transmitting canned message reports. Defining sensor data (SDATA) groups Transmitting sensor data (SDATA) reports Setting or clearing the MDP Status Bits Setting or clearing and testing 5 timers Testing GPS status as a discrete input Testing Network status as a discrete input Setting or clearing and testing counters Setting or clearing and testing 2 high-speed counters Outputting pulses and square waves (pulse modulation) Reading and counting pulse inputs Max, Min, Average or other real-time signal computations The position, marker drop, collision and canned message reports created conform to the FleetTrak standard. In addition other status bits can be set or cleared individually. Up to 16 data report groups can be defined for SDATA formatted data report generation. The MRC-565 event monitor reads discrete and analog inputs and evaluates them with respect to event definitions in the event table. It can look for discrete input signals going persistently high or low, and for analog signals persistently exceeding or under running thresholds. Page 181 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Event definition An "event" occurs when some input signal or timer changes its state. You can think of a state as being "on" or "off", "1" or "0", "true" or "false". When the state changes, an "action" can then be taken. Once the signal has changed state and the action performed, it will not take further action until the state changes again to prevent a continuous string of actions. For example, if a switch is turned "on", the lights come on and stay on. They dont continually go on,on,on Once the switch is turned off, the lights can go off, and then they are ready to be turned on again, etc. There are three classes of events: Reset, Immediate and Scanned. Scanned events subdivide into discrete I/O events and analog input events. These are defined in the following paragraphs. Reset Event A reset event occurs only once when the MRC-565 powered up or reset, when the event monitor task is started for the first time, or is stopped - then restarted. It is a well-defined event that does not need to scan anything in order to determine whether or not a reset has occurred. It occurs once on each power up or monitor-start. There is also no corresponding end to this event. The logical end of this event would be power failure or shutdown, but either such event makes the MRC-565 unable to respond to anything. An action taken on a reset event command will remain as defined in the command until the MRC-565 is reset again or powered off, or until some other event changes the action. Stopping the event monitor will not clear the reset event definitions. Command Event An immediate action can be triggered by entering a local event command from any port, or by remote command sent over the RF link. This type of action does not get stored in the event table and will not be re-issued on power-up or restart. In this way, the operator has the ability to manually override or control conditions in the field. The event state is considered to be "true" as soon as the command is entered or received. Once the action is completed, the event state is set to "false" again. Scanned Event Scanned events are tested on a periodic basis by the monitor task. An input signal that would trigger a scanned event must be repeatedly tested to see if the signal persists at a trigger level before an event is started. A scanned event is started when a signal remains at (or above or below) the trigger level for a defined settling duration. When an event is detected by its input condition persisting at its high state for a settling duration, that event's associated action is triggered and the monitor task begins looking for the end of the event. The end of an event occurs when the event remains at a low state for a defined hold-off duration. After the hold-off duration with the input condition at its low state, the event is enabled to scan for the next event. For example, if an event is testing the battery voltage to be above 5.0 volts, the action will be triggered when the voltage is first detected to be at or above 5.0 volts for the entire settling period. When the voltage goes below 5.0 volts for the hold-off period, it will re-arm the event to Page 182 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING trigger the next time the voltage goes to or above 5.0 volts. The event action is not triggered when the voltage crosses the 5.0 level in the downward direction, only the upward direction. If one wants to detect both voltage crossings, there should be two events defined, one to detect the positive change (ADCHI), and one to detect the negative change (ADCLOW). The settling and hold-off durations are programmable for each scanned event. They are specified in clock-tick counts where each tick is 62.5 milliseconds, or 1/16 second. Because these durations are programmable, scanned event hysteresis is fully controllable. Given the 62.5 millisecond sampling rate, events are limited to those that persist longer than 62.5 milliseconds but shorter than about an hour duration. Similarly, hold-off times between events must also persist longer than 62.5 milliseconds. Attempting to program events that are briefer than 62.5 milliseconds will prove unreliable. It is important to remember that a scanned event must change slow enough that the event monitor can sample the input line reliably. The external I/O expander (XIO) has its own processor to scan its event definition table. Its internal "clock-tick" will be set to one millisecond per increment. The MRC-565 will configure the XIO when event commands are processed from the script file. The XIO will monitor its own events and send changes to the MRC-565 using a serial interface. Discrete Event A discrete event is determined by whether or not a discrete input signal remains either high or low for the given settling duration. "high" or "low" is a part of the event definition set by the operator. The end of a discrete event occurs when the signal has persistently returned to its previous low or high state for the hold-off duration. For RS 232 signals, "high" is considered the ON state and "low" the OFF state. "high" is also known as SET; "low" as CLR. The high/low convention follows the voltage level of the input signal. For TTL signals, "high" is a +5 volt level, and "low" is zero volts. For the RS-232 modem-control signals, "high" is +10 volts and "low" in -10 volts. For the GPS input, a "high" is when the GPS is at "V1" or "V2"

status, and "low" is when there is no GPS characters being received at the RS-232 port or when the GPS is at the "V0" status. The NET input is "high" when the RF modem is online to a Base or Repeater that is connected to a host system. The NET "low" input indicates the RF modem is offline to a Base or Repeater. Analog Event An analog event is determined by whether or not an analog input signal remains above or below a threshold for the given settling duration. "Above" or "below" and the threshold level are also given in the event definition. The end of an analog event occurs when the signal has persistently returned to the non-event side of the threshold for the hold-off duration. Page 183 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Action Definition An "action" can be assigned to each event defined in the event table. When the event condition is detected, the action is initiated. Available actions are defined in the following sections. Multiple actions are supported by defining multiple events that test the same input, but take different action, or multiple actions can be defined using a special "continue" event. The continue event does not test the input condition again, but will trigger the action when the event it is connected to detects the event. Any action can be forced on a timed basis by several methods. One method is to use the MRC-

565 scheduler (SCHED command) to trigger the desired immediate action. For example, the UPDT action can be specified by the insertion of the EVENT,UPDT, group-number command into the MRC-565 scheduler to produce reports on a timed basis. See the SCHED command for this capability. Another example would be to pulse an output line by placing two commands in the scheduled event list that would first SET then CLR the signal. The duration of the pulse would be controlled by the offset value in the SCHED command. Yet another method is to use an event timer (counter) to facilitate scheduling of actions. Special timer registers are provided for this purpose, and will automatically count down from a non-zero value to zero at a rate of 1/16 seconds per count. An event command can monitor the timer register, and when it reaches zero, the action can be taken, and the timer reset to the next desired time count. Programming in Real-Time Events are programmed via operator commands, one event per command line. It is a multi-step process. Because of this, each event being entered will be a fragment until all event definitions are complete. If the event monitor is allowed to execute a fragment of an event, strange and possibly adverse actions will occur. Therefore, the operator should stop the event monitor when adding events and actions to the event table. The event monitor task can be stopped and started by operator command. The best way to do this is to use a script file containing the stop command, a command to delete all prior definitions, the desired event definitions, and a start command. Some examples are given below, following these, a detailed description of each event command and action is given. Page 184 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Example 1: A Scanned Event - Vehicle Tip-Over Detection Suppose the MRC-565 is wired to detect a vehicle tip-over using the CTS and DTR signals and a gravity switch that closes if it does not remain mostly upright. The CTS output is used to enable tip-over detection. The DTR input is the signal on which tip-over event is detected. Normally open, the switch prevents DTR from receiving the CTS signal. If CTS is enabled and the vehicle tips over such that the switch closes, the CTS signal is presented to DTR. MCC-545 RF Modem CTS DTR Gravity Switch CTS is set to 5V on power-up, DTR is low if switch is open DTR will go high when the switch is closed To make the tip-over detection mechanism function, the CTS signal must be enabled so that it can be detected at DTR should the switch close. A good time to enable CTS set CTS to high may be when the MRC-565 is powered up. The command EVENT,RESET,SET,CTS will do this. The event is RESET. The action is SET,CTS. The "ignition" bit should also be set in the status word. The bits of the status register are numbered from low order to high order, BIT0 through BIT15. The COLLISION bit is the same as BIT0, and the action "COLLISION" is used instead of "SET,BIT0" for clarity. The command EVENT,DIOHI,DTR,16,160,COLLISION defines an event that creates a vehicle collision report if the DTR signal is high for 1 second (16 sixteenths of a second). Collision is defined as the vehicle being tipped over. The event will clear and be ready for another event if the signal is low for 10 seconds (160 sixteenths of a second). "DIOHI" means

"discrete I/O high" and "DTR" specifies the DTR discrete input. The parameters

"DIOHI,DTR,16,160" define the event. The parameter "COLLISION" defines the action. The User will create the event table with the following commands:

EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,RESET,SET,CTS EVENT,RESET,SET,BIT2 EVENT,DIOHI,DTR,16,160,COLLISION EVENT,START SAVE Page 185 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Example 2: A Scanned Event - Marker-Drop Suppose the MRC-565 is wired to detect a marker-drop pushbutton using the CTS and DTR signals wired to a pushbutton switch mounted somewhere in a vehicle or aircraft. The CTS output is used to enable switch detection. The DTR input is the input signal on which marker-

drop is detected. Normally open, the switch prevents DTR from receiving the CTS signal. If CTS is enabled and the marker-drop button pressed such that the switch closes, the CTS signal is presented to DTR. MCC-545 RF Modem CTS DTR Marker-Drop Switch CTS is set on reset in order to have a signal to detect on DTR DTR is scanned every 1/16 second for the high condition To make the marker-drop mechanism function, the CTS signal must be enabled so that it can be detected at DTR should the switch close. A good time to enable CTS set CTS to high may be when the MRC-565 is powered up. The command EVENT,RESET,SET,CTS will do this. The event is RESET. The action is SET,CTS. The "ignition" bit should also be set in the status word, the command EVENT,RESET,SET,BIT2 will set the ignition bit. The bits of the status register are numbered from low order to high order, BIT0 through BIT15. The MARK bit is the same as BIT3, and the action "MARK" is used instead of "SET,BIT3" for clarity. The command EVENT,DIOHI,DTR,16,160,MARK defines an event that creates a vehicle collision report if the DTR signal is high for 1 second (16 sixteenths of a second). The event will clear and be ready for another event if the signal is low for 10 seconds (160 sixteenths of a second). "DIOHI" means "discrete I/O high" and "DTR" specifies the DTR discrete input. The parameters "DIOHI,DTR,16,160" define the event. The parameter "MARK" defines the action. Page 186 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING The User will create the event table with the following commands:

EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,RESET,SET,CTS EVENT,RESET,SET,BIT 2 EVENT,DIOHI,DTR,16, 160,MARK EVENT,START SAVE Event Programming Command Summary There can be from 1 to 400 events defined in the event table including reset and scanned events. The following list shows all the command formats. Commands tagged "Yes" in the "Event"

column each consume one entry in the event table. Some of the commands, tagged with "No", are used to free up event table entries or control the operation of the event monitor. There is also a group table, and a text table. The group table an array of 16 groups by 16 sensors. Each entry in the group table consists of a sensor type discrete or analog and a discrete bit identification or analog channel number. Commands tagged "Yes" in the "Group" column each consume one entry in the group table. Some of the commands with "Yes" are used to free up group table entries. The text table is used to store up to 40 text messages or operator commands of up to 40 characters each. There are 8 accumulators, 8 timers and 8 counters that can be used to facilitate the creation of complex logic. Table Entry?

Event Group Command EVENT EVENT, DEL, event number EVENT, DEL, ALL EVENT, START EVENT, STOP EVENT, RESET, action EVENT, DIOHI, bit-name, settle, holdoff, action EVENT, DIOLOW, bit-name, settle, holdoff, action EVENT, ADCHI, chan-name, hi-level, settle, holdoff, action EVENT, ADCLOW, chan-name, low-level, settle, holdoff, action EVENT, IFGT, bit-name, bit-name, action EVENT, IFLT, bit-name, bit-name, action EVENT, IFEQ, bit-name, bit-name, action EVENT, CONT, action EVENT, DO, action No No No No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No No No No Page 187 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING EVENT, DISPLAY, item-number EVENT, TEXT EVENT, TEXT, item-number, message text EVENT, TEXT, DEL, ALL EVENT, TEXT, DEL, item-number EVENT, GROUP EVENT, GROUP, group-number, bit-name or chan-name, EVENT, GROUP, DEL, ALL EVENT, GROUP, CLEAR, group-number EVENT, UPDT, group-number EVENT, STATUS, {bit-name, chan-name}

EVENT, action SCALE, chan-name, slope, offset Yes No Yes No No No No No No No No No No No No Yes No No No Yes Yes Yes No No No No Event Programming Command Details Commands EVENT Displays the current event and group table when no additional parameters are attached. All the event commands begin with "event," followed by parameters. EVENT, DEL, ALL Delete all events in the event table. Event table commands should be edited in script files and output to the MRC-565 using XTERM in order to reload the event table. This command does not delete the text messages or group definitions. EVENT, DEL, number Delete only the numbered event from the event table. The events will be renumbered when one is deleted. Event table commands should be edited in script files and output to the MRC-565 using XTERM in order to reload the event table. EVENT, START Start the event scanner. Scanned events will not be detected unless scanning is started. This command causes the event scanner to review the event table every 62.5 milliseconds for the occurrence of scanned events and the end of scanned events. This command also performs RESET events. On MRC-565 reset, the event scanner is started. EVENT, STOP Stop the event scanner. Scanned events will not be detected while scanning is stopped. This command should be issued prior to clearing the event table (EVENT,DEL,ALL) and reprogramming it with events. This command does not affect the detection of the reset event. On Page 188 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING MRC-565 reset, the event scanner is started again if the SAVE command was not issued while in the EVENT,STOP state. EVENT, action A direct command for immediate action can be issued. This event command will not be added to the event table, but will cause the action to occur when the command is entered. This can be used to take action using remote commands, and also can be placed in the MRC-565 schedule list for periodic event application. EVENT, STATUS, {bit-name, or chan-name}

This form of the command lets the operator display an immediate value for any discrete input bit or any ADC channel. For example: to display the status on the DTR input line, EVENT,STATUS,DTR<cr>. To display forward power, enter EVENT,STATUS,FPWR<cr>. EVENT, RESET, action Define an action to be taken at power-up/reset. This is useful for setting control outputs at a known state or sending a message to a host system that the MRC-565 has been reset. These RESET actions will also occur if the event monitor is stopped, then restarted. This allows entering new RESET events into an existing table. EVENT, DIOHI, bit-name, settle, holdoff, action Define an event that looks for a discrete input line to go to a high level. Parameter Description DIOHI bit-name Name of discrete input signal to be scanned for high level. (single or multiple Scan discrete input signal for high condition. settle holdoff action inputs) Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle at the high level before declaring an event Number of clock ticks for the analog input signal to settle at the low level to be armed for detecting the next event. MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. Logical combining of multiple discrete inputs is allowed. This is done by expanding the bit-

name parameter of the command into a list on inputs separated by logic operator characters. For example, to test both the RTS and DTR inputs in one event, use the string ",DTR & RTS," in the bit-name parameter. Up to 5 inputs can be used in a single event line. Any of the inputs can be

"inverted" before the combination. For example, if the DTR input must be high and the RTS input low to trigger an event, use the string ",DTR & !RTS," in the bit-name parameter. The inputs can be combined in any order. The evaluation is done from left to right. There is no use of "(" and ")" to form more complex ordering. The "0" and "1" values are used for "low" and Page 189 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING

"high". If the result of the combination of signals is "1", then the DIOHI condition is satisfied. If the result of the combination is "0", then the DIOLOW condition is satisfied. Both the DIOHI and DIOLOW event types can use the logical signal support. Table of Logical Operators: Operator

Definition AND OR NOT Logical signal inversion EVENT, DIOLOW, bit-name, settle, holdoff, action Define an event that looks for a discrete input line to go to a low level. Parameter Description DIOLOW bit-name Scan discrete input signal for low condition. Name of discrete input signal to be scanned for low level. (single or multiple inputs) Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle at the low level before declaring an event. Number of clock ticks for the analog input signal to settle at the high level to be armed for detecting the next event. MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. settle holdoff action EVENT, IFGT, bit-name1, bit-name2, action Test whether a timer, counter or accumulator is greater than another timer, counter or accumulator. Parameter Description IFGT bit-name1 bit-name2 action If first parameter is greater than second parameter. Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test. Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test bit-name1 against. MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. EVENT, IFLT, bit-name1, bit-name2, action Test whether a timer, counter or accumulator is less than another timer, counter or accumulator. Parameter Description IFGT bit-name1 bit-name2 action If first parameter is less than second parameter. Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test. Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test bit-name1 against. MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. EVENT, IFEQ, bit-name1, bit-name2, action Test whether a timer, counter or accumulator is equal to another timer, counter or accumulator. Page 190 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING If first parameter is equal to second parameter. Parameter Description IFEQ bit-name1 Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test. bit-name2 Name of a timer, counter or accumulator to test bit-name1 against. action MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. EVENT, CONT, action The CONT (Continue) event is used to define multiple actions to an event. An event definition command can be followed by any number of CONT commands and are considered to be an extension of the previous event command. For example:

EVENT,DIOHI,DTR,1,1,SET,BIT0 EVENT,CONT,TXT,1 EVENT,CONT,UPDT,1 EVENT,CONT,CLR,T1 EVENT,DIOLOW,DTR,1,1,CLR,BIT0

;Defines an event with one action

;Add another action

;Add another action

;Add another action

;End previous event definition, Start next one EVENT, DO, action The DO event is provided for cases where an unconditional action is required. This type of event is not connected to other event lines as the CONT is. It is independent and will be initiated every time the event monitor executes the script item. For example: EVENT,DO,INC,C1 EVENT, ADCHI, chan-name, hi-level, settle, holdoff, action Define an event that looks for an analog input signal to go at or above a high level. Parameter Description ADCHI Chan-name Name of analog input signal to be scanned for high condition. (single input Scan A-to-D converter channel (analog input signal) for high condition. hi-level settle holdoff action only) Signal level for the event to trigger at or above which the analog input signal must persist in order for an event to be declared. Scaled in Engineering Units. Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle at or above the trigger level before declaring an event. Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle below the trigger level to be armed for detecting the next event. MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below EVENT, ADCLOW, chan-name, low-level, settle, holdoff, action Page 191 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Define an event that looks for an analog input signal to go at or below a low level. Parameter Description ADCLOW Chan-name Name of analog input signal to be scanned for low condition. (single input Scan A-to-D converter channel (analog input signal) for low condition. low-level settle holdoff action only) Signal level for the event to trigger at or below which the analog input signal must persist in order for an event to be declared. Scaled in Engineering Units. Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle at or below the trigger level before declaring an event. Number of clock ticks for the input signal to settle above the trigger level to be armed for detecting the next event. MRC-565 action to be taken when event is declared. See actions below. EVENT, TEXT, item-number, message or command text Add a new text string into the text table. This command will replace an existing item if one already exists with the same item number. Parameter Description TEXT item-

number message text Define a Text string command. Item number to be created or replaced by this command. Valid range: 1 through 40. Body of the text. Can be up to 40 characters, and will be converted to upper case. The text is used by the TXT or CMD action to send a text message or issue a local command. EVENT, TEXT Displays the current text table. EVENT, TEXT, DEL, ALL Deletes all Previously defined text items. EVENT, TEXT, DEL, item-number Deletes a specific item from the text table. This command makes the given item be a null message. The other text string items in the table are not affected. EVENT, GROUP Displays the group table. There can be as many as 16 groups defined, where each group consists of a selected set of analog inputs or discrete inputs. The "event, group" set of commands allows the groups to be defined, displayed, and transmitted as a sensor data report. Page 192 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING The Group Table layout is like a two dimensional array where each row is a different group, and each column is a different sensor. In this case a sensor can be either an analog or discrete input. Type indicates discrete or analog. For discrete, Id is the bit number. For analog, Id is the channel number. r e b m u N p u o r G Sensor Number 3 2 1 1 Type/Id Type/Id Type/Id 2 Type/Id Type/Id Type/Id 3 Type/Id Type/Id Type/Id 16 Type/Id Type/Id Type/Id 16 Type/Id Type/Id Type/Id Type/Id EVENT, GROUP, group-number, bit-name or chan-name, Define an event sensor data (SDATA) report group. Parameter Description GROUP group-

number bit-name or chan-name Group control event command. Group number to be set by this command. Valid range: 1 through 16. List of up to 16 discrete and/or analog input signal names to be included in the group. The values of these signals form the contents of a sensor data (SDATA) report. They are reported in the order specified in this command. Append a /F to any name for floating point scaling. Append (x.xx) for decimal scaling as:

ADC1/F(0.1) Example: EVENT, GROUP, 1, FPWR/F, ADC1, ADC2/F(1.123) EVENT, GROUP, DEL, ALL Delete all group definitions. Clears the group table. EVENT, GROUP, DEL, group-number Delete a specific group definition from the group table. This does NOT cause the other defined groups to be renumbered. Group control event command. Delete group table sub-command. Group number to be deleted by this command. Valid range: 1 through 16. Parameter Description GROUP DEL group-

number Page 193 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING EVENT,UPDT, group-number Produce an immediate SDATA group report when the command is entered. Parameter Description UPDT group-

number Update sub-command; i.e., issue a group sensor data (SDATA) report. Group number to be reported in an SDATA report. Valid range: 1 through 16. This command can be included in the MRC-565 schedule to produce reports on a periodic or prescribed time of day. For example, "SCHED,I,10:0,EVENT,UPDT,3" will schedule the group 3 sensor data report every 10 minutes. SCALE, chan-name, slope {, offset}

Enter engineering units scale factor and offset for an analog channel. This adds the optional offset parameter to the original MRC-565 SCALE command. Analog event detection is based on scaled values, not raw counts. The scaled value is computed as:

scaled value = (analog channel raw count * slope) + offset Parameter Description chan-name Name of analog input channel to be scaled by the factors provided in this command. Multiplier scaling factor. The analog input channel raw count is multiplied by this value. Valid: any decimal floating point number that can be represented in Motorola 68000 32-bit floating point format. However, there is a further restriction on the value of slope. See below. Bias scaling factor. This value is added to the product of the channel raw count and the multiplier scaling factor. Optional parameter. Assumes zero offset when not given. Valid: any decimal floating point number that can be represented in Motorola 68000 32-bit floating point format. However, there is a further restriction on the value of slope. See below. Slope and offset values must be chosen such that the resultant scaled value is in the range -

8192.0 through -0.001, 0.000 and +0.001 through +8191.0. Only four digits of the scaled value are significant. slope offset Page 194 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Action Definitions The following table shows the possible types of action that can be taken when an event occurs. Action Value TXT, nn Action Parameters text table item number text table item number Canned message number CMD, nn CAN, nn POS MARK COLLISION SET, ccc, ddd ccc=Bit, Timer, Counter, Accumulator Name ddd=optional decimal value for Timer, Counter or Accumulator SET/N, ccc SET/T, ccc ccc = status bit name ccc = status bit name CLR, ccc ccc=Bit, Timer, Counter, Accumulator Name ccc = status bit name bit-name is any discrete output signal ccc=any ADC channel name aaa=accumulator name A1 A24 mult=decimal scaling multiplier SDATA report group number

+1 CLR/N,ccc PULSE,bit-

name, ddd, iii, nnn ADCIN, ccc, aaa, mult UPDT, group-

number NC, ccc DEC, ccc

-1 Description Transmit a text message to the default destinations. NN can range from 1 to 40. Execute a local command. NN can range from 1 to 40. The canned message number is transmitted to 1 to 4 default destination IDs. Valid range: 0 to 255. A position report with current GPS coordinates is transmitted to 1 to 4 default destination IDs. A marker report with current GPS coordinates is transmitted to 1 to 4 default destination IDs. The marker bit is set in one report, but does not remain set. A vehicle collision report is transmitted to 1 to 4 default destination IDs. The collision bit is set in one report, but does not remain set. If ccc is a named discrete output or status bit, it is set = 1 and ddd is not used. If ccc is a Timer, Counter or Accumulator, then ddd is a decimal value to put into ccc. If ccc is a status bit, a POSS report will be transmitted with the updated status bits. The bit remains set. Sets the status bit and does NOT transmit POSS

"Trigger" a POSS report after setting the status bit, but clear the bit after the transmission so it is a one-

time event and does not persist. The named discrete output, status bit, Timer, Counter or Accumulator is cleared to 0. If ccc is a status bit, a POSS report will be transmitted with the updated status bits. The bit remains cleared. Clears the status bit and does NOT transmit POSS Produce a pulse or series of pulses on the output line where: ddd is the pulse duration in clock ticks, iii is the interval between pulses in clock ticks and nnn is the number of pulses to output. Read the ADC channel value and store in it the given accumulator. The value is scaled, multiplied by the optional multiplier, then converted from floating point to a long 32-bit integer. The value of 10.123 with a multiplier of 10 will be stored as 103. The SDATA report specified by the group number is transmitted to 1 to 4 default destination ids. Increment a counter by 1. Where ccc must be a valid counter (C1-C8) Decrement a counter by 1. Where ccc must be a valid counter (C1-C8) Page 195 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance ADD, ccc, ddd SUB, ccc, ddd MUL, ccc, ddd DIV, ccc, ddd MOV, ddd, sss ADDA, ccc, aaa SUBA, ccc, aaa MULA, ccc, aaa DIVA, ccc, aaa APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Add the decimal value of ddd to ccc. Where ccc must be a valid accumulator (A1-A24) . The result is stored in ccc. Subtract the decimal value of ddd from ccc. Where ccc must be a valid accumulator (A1-A24) . The result is stored in ccc. Multiply ccc by the decimal value of ddd and place the result in ccc. Where ccc must be a valid accumulator (A1-A24). Divide ccc by the decimal value of ddd and place the result in ccc. Where ccc accumulator (A1-A24). Move the source sss into ddd where sss and ddd are valid Timers (T1-T8) , Counters (C1-C8) or Accumulators (A1-A24) Add the accumulator value of aaa to ccc. Where aaa and ccc must be a valid accumulator (A1-A24) . The result is stored in ccc. Subtract the accumulator value of aaa from ccc. Where aaa and ccc must be a valid accumulator (A1-

A24) . The result is stored in ccc. Multiply ccc by the accumulator value of aaa and place the result in ccc. Where aaa and ccc must be a valid accumulator (A1-A24). Divide ccc by the accumulator value of aaa and place the result in ccc. Where aaa and ccc accumulator

(A1-A24). The default destination IDs for messages created by the actions above are set via the DESTINATION, d1

{, d2 {, d3 {, d4}}} command. When a single ID of 0 is given in a Meteor Burst Network that uses the MRC-520B for a Master Station, the messages are sent to the network host system for routing via the source routing system. In a Line-of-Sight network, using MRC-565s as Base and/or Repeater Stations, then a single ID of 1 is used for routing to the Host via any Base or Repeater. Common Command Parameters Settle settle is the number of clock ticks required "at or above" the event level to trigger an event. Valid range: 1 - 65535. This corresponds to a range of 62.5 milliseconds to 1 hour, 8 minutes and 16 seconds. For discrete events, the event level is "high" or "1". For analog events, the level is given in engineering units. holdoff is the number of clock ticks required "below" the event level to allow another event. Valid range: 1 - 65535. This corresponds to a range of 62.5 milliseconds to 1 hour, 8 minutes and 16 seconds. Holdoff Page 196 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance I/O; Voltage Range Status Register Bits Definition Description 0 or 1 APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING The bit names BIT0, BIT1, through BIT15 correspond to the bits of the 16-bit status register. BIT0 is the low order bit, BIT15 is the high order bit. RS 232 serial port signal indicating the data terminal connected to the serial port is ready and able to receive data from the MRC-565 (dataset) on Rx Data. RS 232 serial port signal indicating the data terminal connected to the serial port wants to transmit data to the MRC-565 (dataset) on Tx Data. RS 232 serial port signal indicating the MRC-565

(dataset) is ready and able to receive data from the data terminal connected to the serial port on Tx Data. RS 232 serial port signal indicating the MRC-565

(dataset) is wants the attention of the data terminal connected to the serial port. These three signals can be used as individual inputs and outputs as noted. In addition they can be used to communicate with the external I/O expander using a clocked serial high speed data stream. Typically requires an input greater than 1 volt to trigger an input transition from 0 to 1. Provides NO,COM,NC contacts Current GPS receiver status and RS-232 port condition. 0=V0 or RS-232 disconnected. 1=V1 or V2 and RS-232 connected. Network online/offline status. 0=offline , 1=online Timer registers. When these are set to a non-zero value, they will count down one count for each 1/16 second (62.5 milliseconds). Use action = SET, T1, nnnn to start counting. These all are set=0 on reset. Power fail/restart will retain the count at power fail. 0 or n Counter registers. These can be set to a value, cleared to zero, incremented or decremented. A 0 decrements to 16,777,216. A 16,777,216 increments to 0. 0 or n General purpose accumulators. These are used for computational or temporary storage of numerical values. Bit-name Bit Name BIT0-

BIT15 DTR RTS CTS RING MCLK MDIR MSET Input; TTL 0V to 5V Input; RS 232 10V Output; TTL 0V to 5V Clear to Output; RS 232 10V Ring Output; TTL 0V to 5V Clock Output; TTL 0V to 5V Data In Input; TTL 0V to 5V Data Out Data Terminal Ready Request to Send Send Detected 0 or 1 NO,NC 0 or 1 0 or 1 0 or n Optically Isolated IN1,IN2 Inputs 0-5 Volts IN3,IN4 RO1,RO2 Relay Contacts GPS GPS status Network Status NET T1 T8 32-bit Timers can be used both as an Input and as an Output. Timers range from 0 to 16,777,216 counts.

(12 days, 2 hrs, 18 min, 58.5 seconds) C1 C8 32-bit Counters can be used both as an input and as an output. Counters can range from 0 to 16,777,216 counts. A1-A24 32-bit Accumulators can be used both as an input and as an output. Value can range from 0 to +/-16,777,216 Each of the bit-names in the above table can be used in Event and Action definitions. The DIOHI/DIOLOW events can use DTR, RTS, IN1-4, GPS, NET, T1-T8, C1-C8, A1-A24 as inputs. The Page 197 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Action parameter can use BIT0-BIT15, CTS, RING, MCLK, MDIR, MSET, RO1-R02, T1-T8, C1-C8, A1-A24 as outputs. Examples:

EVENT,DIOHI,IN1,16,16,SET,RO1 Waits for input line 1 to go high for 1 second, then sets RO1 to NC. EVENT,DIOLOW,DTR,16,16,SET,T1,160 Waits for DTR to go high for 1 second, then starts timer-1 at 160 counts (10 seconds). EVENT,DIOLOW,T1,1,1,TXT,1 Waits for timer-1 to go to zero, then sends a text message indicating that DTR timed-out. ADC Channel Names Channel Name Definition FPWR RPWR LBAT DETRF TEMP TXC ACK RXC Description RF power going out of the MRC-565 transmitter. RF power being reflected back to the MRC-565 transmitter. Voltage level of the MRC-565 battery. Current MRC-565 receiver detected RF level. Internal temperature of the MRC-565 enclosure. Total number of transmissions Forward RF power Reverse RF power Battery level Detected RF Internal temperature Transmit Count Acknowledge Count Total number of acknowledgements Received Segments Total number of received text message segments, position reports and data reports Total number of Idle probes and poll frames received PROBE REMOTE ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 ADC5 ADC6 Idle Probe Count Number of Remotes Number of remotes connected to this unit. Analog Input Analog Input Analog Input Analog Input Analog Input Analog Input Available MRC-565/C 10-bit A-to-D channel. Available MRC-565/C 10-bit A-to-D channel. Available MRC-565/C 10-bit A-to-D channel. Available MRC-565C/ 10-bit A-to-D channel. Available MRC-565/C 10-bit A-to-D channel. Available MRC-565/C 10-bit A-to-D channel. Event Programming Examples Example 1: Vehicle Collision Detection From the example above, the following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection of vehicle tip-over. EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,RESET,SET,CTS EVENT,DIOHI,DTR,16,160,COLLISION

. other MRC-565 initialization commands Page 198 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING

. EVENT,START Example 2: MRC-565 Reset Notification Suppose a system that requires notification if the MRC-565 resets. The following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection and reporting of MRC-565 reset using a text message. The following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection and reporting of MRC-

565 reset using a canned message number 1. EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,TEXT,1,Dead River RF Modem Reset EVENT,RESET,TXT,1

. EVENT,START other MRC-565 initialization commands EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,RESET,CAN,001

. EVENT,START other MRC-565 initialization commands Example 3: MRC-565 High Temperature Notification Suppose a system that requires notification of the MRC-565 enclosure becoming excessively warm. The following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection and notification of high temperature using canned message number 2. This example assumes the temperature sensor and A/D converter are calibrated to produce a raw count range of 0 to 1023 that corresponds to a Celsius temperature range of -64 degrees to +192 degrees. The SCALE command provides the engineering units conversion factors for this. The event occurs when the temperature A/D channel is at 50 degrees C or above for one minute or more (960 ticks). The event ends when the temperature drops below 50 degrees C for 10 minutes (9600 ticks). EVENT,STOP Page 199 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING EVENT,DEL,ALL SCALE,TEMP,0.25,-64.0 EVENT,ADCHI,TEMP,50.0,960,9600,CAN,002

. EVENT,START other MRC-565 initialization commands Example 4: MRC-565 Low Temperature Notification Suppose a system that requires notification of the MRC-565 enclosure becoming excessively cold. The following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection and notification of low temperature using canned message number 3. This example the same temperature scaling as the previous example. The event occurs when the temperature A/D channel is at -30 degrees C or below for one minute or more (960 ticks). The event ends when the temperature goes above -30 degrees C for 10 minutes (9600 ticks). EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL SCALE,TEMP,0.25,-64.0 EVENT,ADCLOW,TEMP,-30.0,960,9600,CAN,003

. EVENT,START other MRC-565 initialization commands Example 5: MRC-565 Temperature Control Suppose a system that requires thermostatic-like control of the MRC-565 enclosure when it becomes excessively warm or cold. The following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection and correction of temperature out-of-bounds conditions. This example uses the same temperature scaling as the previous two examples. The same temperature thresholds are used. Instead of sending canned messages, it uses relay closures to turn a heat pump on and off as needed to heat and cool the equipment room as needed. Relay closure RO5 is used to turn the heat pump on and off in cooling mode. Relay closure RO6 is used to turn the heat pump on and off in heating mode. RTS is used to detect heat pump failure. If the heat pump fails indicated by RTS going low for 5 seconds, canned message 4 is transmitted. Page 200 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL SCALE,TEMP,0.25,-64.0 EVENT,ADCHI,TEMP,26.0,960,960,SET,RO5 EVENT,ADCLOW,TEMP,25.0,960,960,CLR,RO5 EVENT,ADCLOW,TEMP,5.0,960,960,SET,RO6 EVENT,DIOHI,TEMP,10.0,960,960,CLR,RO6 EVENT,DIOLOW,RTS,CAN,80,960,CAN,004

. EVENT,START other MRC-565 initialization commands Example 6: Marker Drop Button The following is the script for initializing the MRC-565 for the detection of a vehicle operator pressing a "drop marker" button wired into the RTS signal to go high when the button is depressed. A MARK message is transmitted if the operator depresses the button for at least a quarter of a second (4). The operator must release the button for three seconds (48) before another button press will be detected. EVENT,STOP EVENT,DEL,ALL EVENT,DIOHI,RTS,4,48,MARK

. EVENT,START other MRC-565 initialization commands Example 7: Max/Min/Averaging A/D channel values Calculations can be performed on ADC channel values to compute averages, maximums, minimums, etc. This is accomplished using the ADCIN action to read a value into an accumulator, then doing math operations as desired. The following example shows a way to average the forward power value. Many other calculations are possible. Every 5 seconds the FPWR channel is read into accumulator 9. This value is then added to accumulator 10 to sum the readings. Every minute the sum is divided by the number of samples to compute the average. Notice that the ADCIN command uses a multiplier of 10 when inputting the value into accumulator 9. Since the accumulator is an integer, this multiplier lets one decimal fraction digit be included in the sum. The value of 100.6 Watts would be read in as 100.6, multiplied by 10 to Page 201 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING

;EVENT ACTION COMMENTS event,stop ;stop event monitor event,del,all ;delete prev table

event,reset, clr, a9 ;clear current reading event,reset, clr, a10 ;clear total event,reset, clr, a11 ;clear max event,reset, set, a12, 9999 ;init min to a big value event,reset, clr, c1 ;clear sample counter event,reset, set, c2, 12 ;set number of samples

event,diolow,t1,1,1,set, t1, 80 ;if t1 is zero, set t1 to 80(5 secs) event,cont, adcin, fpwr, a9, 10 ;also read fwdpwr into reg A9 event,cont, adda, a10, a9 ; add A9 to total A10 event,cont, inc, c1 ; increment sample counter

event,ifgt,a9,a11, mov, a11, a9 ;get new max value

event,iflt,a9,a12, mov, a12, a9 ;get new minimum value

event,ifeq,c1,c2, diva, a10, c2 ;if C1 == C2 compute average event,cont, updt, 1 ;then trigger group 1 SDATA report event,cont, clr, a10 ; clear the total event,cont, clr, c1 ; clear the sample counter event,cont, clr, a11 ; clear the max value event,cont, set, a12, 9999 ; init min to big value

;Define the SDATA group contents

; Max Min Average event,group,1, a11/f(.1), a12/f(.1), a10/f(.1) get 1006. Later, when the sum is put into the SDATA report, the FPWR/F(0.1) group/sensor definition converts the average value back to floating point and scales the value back to Watts with one decimal fraction digit. MRC-565 I/O Signals The discrete I/O lines provide digital inputs that can be read (sensed) by the event software. MRC-565 has 3 discrete input lines, 4 discrete output lines and 4 internal analog inputs. One input senses a 0 to 5 Volt CPU input pin and the other senses a modem control RS 232 10V input line (RTS). The MRC-565 has 7 discrete input lines, 6 discrete output lines, 5 internal analog inputs and 6 external analog inputs. Page 202 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance Discrete Inputs and Outputs Connector Name J8 J8 J8 J8 Pin Number 36 32 31 34 External Signal Name DTR RTS CTS RING Pin Number 12 28 13 Pin Number 19,20 18,3 1,2 16,17 External Signal Connector Name Name J8 MCLK J8 MDIR J8 MSET External Signal Connector Name Name J8 IN1 J8 IN2 J8 IN3 J8 IN4 J8 (no,com,nc) 15,14,29 RO1 J8 (no,com,nc) 11,26,9 RO2 APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING Direction or Function Input Input Output Output Direction or Function Output Output Input Direction or Function OptIsoInput OptIsoInput OptIsoInput OptIsoInput RelayOutput RelayOutput Internal Signal Name TP3 +/- 10V DSR +/- 10V TP4 +/- 10V AVEC +/- 10V Internal Signal Name TP2 0-5V TP1 0-5V TP0 0-5V Internal Signal Name TP5 0-5V TP6 0-5V TP7 0-5V TP10 0-5V TP11 0-5V TP12 0-5V MRC

-565A Yes Yes Yes Yes MRC

-565A Yes Yes Yes MRC

-565A No No No No No No MRC

-565 Yes Yes Yes Yes MRC

-565 Yes Yes Yes MRC

-565 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Analog Input Channels The Analog input channels are read using a 12-bit A/D converter. Each of these has a corresponding scaling factor and offset that is set using the SCALE command. The MRC-565A has only the first four internal channels. Signal Name Connector Name J8 J8 J8 J8 J8 J8 Pin Number 38 39 40 37 42 41 FPWR RPWR DETRF LBAT TEMP ADC1 ADC2 ADC3 ADC4 ADC5 ADC6 Direction or Function Tx Fwd Pwr Rev Pwr SP Loaded Battery Internal Temp Input Input Input Input Input Input Internal Signal MRC

-565A Yes Yes Yes Yes No No No No No No No AN0 AN1 AN2 AN3 AN4 AN5 AN6 AN7 AN8 AN9 AN10 MRC

-565 Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Page 203 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX C: EVENT PROGRAMMING External Input/Outputs (XIO) When the XIO controller is attached to the MRC-565 or the MRC-565C, then 8 additional discrete inputs, 10 discrete outputs, 2 counters and 6 analog inputs are available. The controller uses three I/O lines, MCLK, MDIR and MSET, for a high speed synchronous port, and can input and output packets for communicating with the XIO controller. External Signal Name Direction or Function XIN1 XIN2 XIN3 XIN4 XIN5 XIN6 XIN7 XIN8 XIC1 XIC2 XOUT1 XOUT2 XOUT3 XOUT4 XOUT5 XOUT6 XOUT7 XOUT8 XOUT9 XOUT10 XADC1 XADC2 XADC3 XADC4 XADC5 XADC6 Discrete Input Discrete Input Discrete Input Discrete Input Discrete Input Discrete Input Discrete Input Discrete Input High Speed Input Counter High Speed Input Counter Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output Discrete Output 10-Bit Analog Input 10-Bit Analog Input 10-Bit Analog Input 10-Bit Analog Input 10-Bit Analog Input 10-Bit Analog Input Internal Signal Name Port C, bit 2 Port C, bit 1 Port B, bit 7 Port B, bit 6 Port B, bit 5 Port B, bit 4 Port B, bit 3 Port A, bit 4

Port D, bit 7 Port D, bit 6 Port D, bit 5 Port D, bit 4 Port D, bit 3 Port D, bit 2 Port D, bit 1 Port D, bit 0 Port C, bit 7 Port C, bit 8 Port A, bit 0 Port A, bit 1 Port A, bit 5 Port E, bit 0 Port E, bit 1 Port E, bit 2 Page 204 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS APPENDIX D:

INSTALLATION DETAILS Page 205 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS Site selection and general installation guidelines are provided in this section, including instructions for cabling, antenna and power source connections. Power up procedures, initialization and functional test procedures are described that should be performed prior to placing the MRC-565 on-line within the network. Site Selection There are 5 important factors to consider in selecting an optimum site:

1. External noise/interference 2. DC power source 3. Horizon angle 4. Antenna type 5. Antenna height External Noise/Interference Noise and signal interference can reduce the performance of the MRC-565. The most common sources of noise and interference are as follows:

Cosmic Noise Power Line Noise Auto Ignition Noise Computer-Generated Interference External Signal Interference Cosmic Noise Cosmic noise is the limiting noise factor in a meteor burst system. This noise is generated by star systems in the galaxy and is frequency dependent. The noise is approximately 15 dB above thermal at 40 MHz and 13 dB above thermal at 50 MHz. This noise is diurnal in nature. It is the highest when the antennas are pointed directly at the center of the galaxy and lowest when they are pointed at right angles to it. Daily variations of 3 to 4 dB can be expected. An optimal meteor burst site is one that is limited only by cosmic noise. Power Line Noise One of the main sources of manmade noise are high voltage power lines. Noise on these lines is generated by high voltage breakdown occurring on power line hardware such as transformers and insulators. This noise can be seen with an oscilloscope at the Receiver IF test point as a series of spikes that occur every 8 ms (1/60 Hz) or every 10 ms (1/50 Hz). The level of the spikes will be much higher than the normal background noise floor. The number of spikes can vary, depending upon the level of interference, from one or two every 8-10 ms to several dozen every 8-10 ms. The impulse noise blanker in the MRC-565 will remove a large amount of this noise. Page 206 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS However, as the number of spikes increase, the effectiveness of the blanker is reduced. When setting up a site always look at the IF test point with a scope to determine the level of the power line noise interference. It is mandatory that power line noise be avoided for an optimum site. Try to place the receiver antenna well away from power lines. NOTE. Power companies are required to properly maintain their power lines to reduce noise. Call the local utility in case of severe noise. Automobile Ignition Noise Automobile ignition noise is generated by all gasoline engines and is a result of the high voltage required to fire the spark plugs. Auto ignition noise is similar to power line noise with the exception that it does not have the 8-10 ms period which is associated with power line noise. Computer-Generated Interference All computers and printers contain high-speed circuits that generate spurious signals throughout the 37-50 MHz band. Interference will result if any of these signals couple into the antenna at the MRC-565 receive frequency. To minimize this type of interference, try to keep the antenna away from computers by at least 100 feet. The noise blanker will not suppress computer-

generated interference. Signal Interference This type of interference will occur whenever another transmitter is producing harmonics at the receiver center frequency of the MRC-565. Antenna nulling and spatial separation can be used to reduce this type on interference. NOTE With XTERMW installed (see Section 3.3), the STAT command can be used to determine the site antenna noise levels. Ideally, the background noise levels should be less than 115 dBm. DC Power Source The MRC-565 requires a 12 (11.0-15.0) VDC power source. The average standby current at an input voltage of 13.0 VDC is about 150 ma in a full operating mode (w/o GPS) without any low power modes (LPM) enabled. When the unit transmits it requires about 25 amps for 100 msec. An automobile battery provides an excellent power source. When operating from a battery with Solar Panel Charger low power modes can be used to reduce current drain in receive mode. If there is no AC power available a solar panel can be used to charge the battery. The size of the solar panel is determined by the solar radiation available at the location of the site. In most locations in the USA, a 40 watt solar panel will suffice. At higher elevations, where winter Page 207 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS temperatures are below freezing, a larger panel will have to be used. Consult MRC or contact the solar panel manufacturer to perform this calculation for you and make a recommendation. The power cable between the battery and the MRC-565 should be kept shorter than 10 feet and rated at #14 AWG or lower. (See Section 3.2.2.1 for more details.) CAUTION The MRC-565 does not have an internal fuse and consideration should be given to installing an external fuse between the battery and 565. Vertical Polarized Antenna For LOS networks two antennas will be used. For base stations a Half wavelength Dipole 2.2dBi. For the Remote Vehicle antenna a wavelength vehicle mounted antenna 0dBi is used. Antenna Selection The antenna must provide a 50 load. In the U.S. USDA SNOTEL Network, two frequencies are used:

TX = 41.61 MHz and RX = 40.67 MHz. The Bandwidth of the antenna used is 1 MHz. Always consult with MRCs engineering department for assistance when any questions arise with respect to antenna selection. Assembly instructions are included with each antenna. Please refer to these for proper assembly for all antenna elements. Equipment Installation Base station antennas are typically mounted on a tower 20-100 feet above ground level. Equipment needs to be installed in a climate controlled encloser. Remote radios are mounted in vehicles protected from the elements. Page 208 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX D: INSTALLATION DETAILS Page 209 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX E: INTEROPERABILITY APPENDIX E:

INTEROPERABILITY Page 210 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX E: INTEROPERABILITY MODE Base NETWORK FleetTrakTM Repeater FleetTrakTM Remote FleetTrakTM PROTOCOL ELOS (CSMA

& TDMA) ELOS (CSMA

& TDMA) ELOS (CSMA

& TDMA) FUNCTION It is connected by landline to a central Host. It communicates with both remotes and repeaters. As a repeater it communicates with base stations, other repeaters and remote stations. As a remote it communicates with base stations, repeaters and other remote stations. The MRC-565 operating in GMSK has a maximum data rate of 9.6 kbps. Therefore, the choice between using the MRC-565 or the MRC-565C is a trade-off between performance and data rates. For reference, each of the three networks are briefly described below. Multiple master stations are interconnected into a clustered star configuration as shown below. REMOTE REMOTE REMOTE REMOTE REMOTE MASTER STATION MASTER STATION MASTER STATION HOST The remote stations transmit their data to whichever master station probe is received. Multiple master stations will significantly improve the performance of the network because of the additional RF links available to each remote station. Page 211 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX E: INTEROPERABILITY FleetTrakTM The FleetTrakTM network is used for applications that require the position of mobile resources to be reported in real-time and at varying update rates. A typical FleetTrak network is shown below. One or more Data Centers are normally used for the central collection and distribution of data to a customers office. The network can be as small as one base station or may be comprised of thousands of base stations, repeaters and remote stations. The networks are used for position reporting in mobile applications (AVL), fixed site data collection (SCADA) and messaging. Either an MRC-565 or MRC-565C may be used in a FleetTrakTM network. The FleetTrakTM network operates line-of-sight using groundwave. The range of communication by groundwave is primarily determined by diffraction around the curvature of the earth, atmospheric diffraction and tropospheric propagation. These ranges are successfully extended by MRC from 50-100 miles through the use of robust protocols, sensitive receivers and short packetized messages. The FleetTrakTM network uses the ELOS protocol and combines CSMA (carrier sense multiple access) and TDMA (time division multiple access) for achieving a channel utilization greater than 90%. When a remote station (mobile) desires to establish connectivity with the network it sends a poll request, which specifies data type and desired update interval, to the nearest base station using the CSMA mode. The base station acknowledges this request and adds the mobile to its TDMA polling database. The mobile then sends its data in the TDMA mode when polled by the base station. Since one base station may be in contact with hundreds of mobiles at any one time, it organizes the responses from up to 10 mobiles on a single transmission burst (TDMA). The ten mobiles Page 212 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX E: INTEROPERABILITY will then report in sequence, in accordance with their assigned transmit slots. The base station acknowledges the data received from each of the ten mobiles and then polls ten more mobiles on the next burst transmission. Using the above techniques, there is no contention and all reports are delivered at a 90% channel utilization rate. With these efficiencies, sufficient channel time is still available for two-way messaging and various other non-periodic data transfers using the CSMA mode. The MRC-565C is the only VHF transceiver used in the network. It can be dynamically configured to operate in three distinct modes: as a remote (mobile), as a base station or as a repeater station. As a base station, it also maintains RF communications with all mobiles operating within its own cell network, routing all data to a Host through a data network connected to one of its RS-232 ports. When a direct connection to a central Host is not available at a particular base station site, the MRC-565C is configured to operate as a repeater station. As a repeater station, it routes all data to the nearest base station for subsequent delivery to the Host. Multiple repeater links may be chained together for expansion of the network. As a mobile, the MRC-565C is free to roam throughout the network, automatically linking with the nearest base station or repeater. When mobiles are out of range of a repeater or base station, but within range of other mobiles, they will automatically select another mobile as their repeater into the network. The only mobiles that may be selected are ones that have connectivity with a repeater or base station. Page 213 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance APPENDIX E: INTEROPERABILITY Page 214 MRC-565 Packet Data Radio Operations & Maintenance

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

FCC ID: 2ABUV-MRC565-40-46 eH. PartNo: MRC565-4046-G-15-LF ma lenrock Serial No: 565012003 COMMUNICATIONS TXIRX: 44.58/44.58 MHz www.maidenrockcomm.com MADE IN THE U.S.A. This device complies part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the condition that this device does not cause harmful interference.

 

 

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maidenrock COMMUNICATIONS Maidenrock Communications, LLC. PO Box 575 Seeley Lake, MT 59868 206.715.8242 tdonich@maidenrockcomm.com 10/25/2021 To Whom It May Concern:

We hereby delegate CKC Certification Services, LLC (CKC CS) power of attorney to act on our behalf in matters pertaining to certification of products. The action of CKC CS shall be consider the same as our own. Sincerely, ae D

/onn Lanich Tom Donich President Maiden Rock Communications PO Box 575 Seeley Lake, Mt. 59868 206 715 8242

 

 

RO maiden rock Maidenrock Communications, LLC. PO Box575 e Seeley Lake, MT 59868 206.715.8242 tdonich@maidenrockcomm.com 11/18/2021 Federal Communications Commission 7435 Oakland Mills Road Columbia, MD 21046 Subject: Request for Permanent Confidentiality To whom it may concern:

In accordance with 47CFR Section 0.457 and Section 0.459 pertaining to confidential material, we hereby request to hold permanently confidential all information contained within the below identified exhibits/document categories submitted pursuant to radio equipment certification requirements for FCC ID: 2ABUV-MRC565-40-46 1. Block Diagram 2. Operational Description 3. Schematics The above material contains trade secrets and proprietary information as specified by 47CFR 0.457(d) and technical data, which would customarily be guarded from competitors. The public disclosure of this information might be harmful to our company and provide unjustified benefits to our competitors. Sincerely, Se) Q 7, 1h Tom Donich President Maiden Rock Communications, LLC