Box LPWAN gateway User Guide Copyright c 2017 MatchX Inc./MatchX GmbH WWW.MATCHX.IO No part of the specications may be reproduced in any form or by any means or used to make any derivative such as translation, transformation, or adaptation without permission from MatchX Inc./MatchX GmbH All rights reserved. First release, May 2017 Contents Main Features 1 Introduction . 5 Product overview 5 1.1 1.1.1 Lora . 5 1.1.2 WiFi . 6 1.2 6 1.2.1 Hardware . 6 Software . 6 1.2.2 Interface and Connectors 1.3 7 1.3.1 Front panel of Box . 7 1.3.2 Link activity of Box . 7 1.3.3 Connector of Box . 8 2 Quick Installation Guide . 9 9 Software environment 2.1 Hardware environment 9 2.2 9 Connection 2.3 2.4 Mounting 10 2.4.1 Wall Mounting . 10 Pole mounting . 11 2.4.2 12 Surge protection and Shielded Ethernet cable 2.5 2.6 Setup 12 2.6.1 WiFi connection . 12 2.6.2 Ethernet connection . 12 4 Packet forwarder and gateway library . 13 2.6.3 2.6.4 WiFi backhaul
. 14 2.6.5 GPS setting . 14 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 4 Product specication . 15 Hardware environment 15 15 Software environment 16 RF performance RX Filter for narrow band regions(IN/HK/SIN/THA) 16 18 Antenna Performance Operational frequencies 19 Package content . 21 1. Introduction 1.1 Product overview Thanks for choosing MatchX LPWAN products for your IoT applications. The Box includes a set of high-performance hardware and MatchX LPWAN controller software that allows you to manage your IoT devices through web browser or API. This guide covers the US and EU version of Box, with the MatchX LPWAN controller version 1.0 or above. The main difference between the US and EU version is listed in the Table 1.1:
EU MX1701 863-873MHz 865-867MHz US MX1702 902-928MHz 920-925MHz Item Band Special RX Maximum Conducted Power +30dBm LBT SF Certication IP Rating
+27dBm South Korea Europe 7-10 7-12 IEC 60950 -1 EN 300200 FCC PART 15.247 EN 301489 IP65 IP65 Table 1.1: Comparison of US and EU Box 1.1.1 Lora Box supports LoraWAN protocol that brings up to 20km coverage in open spaces, with superior network capacity that can accommodate more than 65535 nodes in a cell, and larger network coverage. It supports network roaming and adaptive data rate management, which brings conveniences to system managers for IoT network plan and deployment. Box fully supports LoraWAN V1.0.2 and 6 Chapter 1. Introduction can be remotely upgraded for the future versions of LoraWAN. The whole solution is compatible with all the LoraWAN devices.The RX band in some regions is narrower than US and EU version, please refer to the details in Section 3.4. 1.1.2 WiFi Box augmented WiFi for the on-site device conguration and management. WiFi is used both as an access point and wireless bridge to local network, it provides integrated web interface for LoraWAN device management. Box support 802.11 abgn and runs in 2.4GHz. 1.2 Main Features Box is the industrys rst IoT gateway that brings breakthroughs in both hardware and software, the network capacity, range coverage, security and device management are enhanced in both US and EU versions. 1.2.1 Hardware Maximum +27dBm conducted output power in 868MHz, +30dBm in 915MHz
-143dBm sensitivity of LoraWAN packets FPGA integrated for Listen-Before-Talk AFA 580MHz CPU and 128MB RAM, 32MB ash 24V passive POE for power supply USB-C for debug and management Wi,Ethernet or backhaul 1.2.2 Software Supports OpenWrt and LEDE Integrated with the most updated packet forwarder Supports LoraWAN class A,B,C Runs LoraWAN network server and application server locally (optional) Firmware upgrade over the air Gateway and end device management on-site R Currently Class B support in MatchX cloud is still in beta version, but the hardware is fully prepared for Class B specication, it is expected to have a nal Class B support in future cloud upgrade. 1.3 Interface and Connectors 1.3 Interface and Connectors 1.3.1 Front panel of Box 7 The shell part can be removed to connect cables and check the status of the Box. The panel has USB, USB-C and POE connectors and Link status LED. USB2.0 is used to connect 3G/4G stick or USB disk. USB-C can be used to debug the Box. Ethernet port supports 24V passive POE, please pay attention to the voltage rating of the POE injector. 1.3.2 Link activity of Box Box uses one RGB LED to indicate the activity of the connections. The Table 1.2 describes the LEDs on the Box 8 Chapter 1. Introduction Activity Initializing Connected to Internet, no LoraWAN is congured LED Color Flashing Blue Steady Blue Alternative Blue and Red Device is busy, dont unplug power Flashing Red Steady Red Flashing Green Steady Green No GPS x No Internet or no LoraWAN Conguring Box Indicates that the Box is well-connected Table 1.2: LED activity of Box 1.3.3 Connector of Box Antenna 2 is for Lora radio and antenna 1 is for GPS. It is waterproof and has a mounting facility that can mount on the elds, rooftop or the outside wall of a building. The enclosure is made of ASA plastic, which is much more resistant to UV, wind, sand and acid rains. 2. Quick Installation Guide The Box is pre-congured to connect MatchX network without any need of setup, the installation guide will introduce how to set it up and congure WiFi and Lora parameter. This device must be professionally installed. 2.1 Software environment To congure the Box, users will need to have the following software environment:
Windows system with SSH client or iOS/Linux distributions with terminal Web browser like Chrome or Firefox Mobile browser like Chrome or Safari MatchX network account 2.2 Hardware environment WiFi or Ethernet connection Laptop or PC Mobile phone LoraWAN compatible end device 2.3 Connection Here we only illustrate the POE power supply method, and the USB-C power option is not discussed here. Users can nd the POE power supply inside the package, and the corresponding plug that specic to the country or region. 10 Chapter 2. Quick Installation Guide Firstly connect to power cords from your wall sockets or panel sockets to POE, then connect the RJ45 cable from your Internet modem/switch/wall port, or any 3G/4G router to the POEs port labeled with "LAN". Next, grab a RJ45 cable and connect from the POEs port labeled with "POE"
to Box. Box can also use any 2.4GHz WiFi as a backhaul while powered by POE. 2.4 Mounting 2.4.1 Wall Mounting The screws and screw anchors are included in the package, users can drill two 6mm hole on the wall and apply screw anchors to them. Determine the place of mount, should be a even surface Mark two holes that are going to be drilled, the distance is 32.2mm, should be horizontally Drill two 6mm hole, pply screw anchors and screws Adjust the screw space Mount Box to the screws aligned 2.4 Mounting 11 2.4.2 Pole mounting To mount Box to a pole, users can nd the stainless steel clamps in the package. The steps are:
12 Chapter 2. Quick Installation Guide Determine the place of mount, should be a round pole Position the Box to the place, and fasten the stainless steel clamp. 2.5 Surge protection and Shielded Ethernet cable It is recommended to use the shielded RJ45 cable to connect the Box, in order to protect the device from thunder and electricity surge. Both shielded FTP and S-FTP cable from Cat5e are recommended. 2.6 Setup The Box will be automatically connected to MatchX cloud after the Internet is connected. This guide will illustrate how to connect to the Box and congure it. 2.6.1 WiFi connection Users need to have a laptop or a PC that has WiFi connectivities, then after the Box is powered on, the SSID that in a format "MatchX_BOX_xxxx" will be available for connection. The default password is matchxiot. After connected, users can use ssh with terminal or putty in Windows to login 192.168.8.1, the default password is root. The following picture shows the connection under Ubuntu. 2.6.2 Ethernet connection In this case users should have connection to LAN by either an Ethernet cable or WiFi, and they should know the IP address of the BOX in their LAN. 2.6 Setup 13 In this example we assume that the IP address that obtained by Box is 172.16.1.134, and we connect from the LAN through ssh in Ubuntu:
2.6.3 Packet forwarder and gateway library The Box includes the most updated packet forwarder and gateway library from Semtechs github. The folder is in /root/lora_lib and /root/lora_pkt_fwd. Lora gateway library integrates the basic tools like Listen-Before-Talk test, Spectrcal-Scan test and TX test for different spreading factor and bandwidth. Talk tests. The utilities that contain in lora_lib are:
util_lbt_test: it will use the specied parameters like frequencies to conduct Listen-Before-
util_pkt_logger: it will listen to specied frequency and log all the packets to a csv le. util_spectral_scan: it will generate rssi histogram based on the specied frequency. util_spi_stress: it will generate SPI test write and read to test the stability of SPI interface. util_tx_continous: it will use the mixer, PA and digital divider values to send lora modulated signals continuously. This is mainly used for compliance test. For example: ./util_tx_continuous -f 868 -r 1257 - -dig 0 - -mix 15 - -pa 3 This will set the TX to maximum continuous mode for regulation testing and antenna tuning. util_tx_test: it will send the test lora packets periodically with specied parameters like frequency and spreading factor. Optionally the "Polite Spectrum access" can be tested For example: ./util_tx_test -r 1257 -f 868.1 - -lbt-freq 868.1 - -lbt-rssi-offset -7 - -lbt-nbch 1 -
-lbt-sctm 5000 - -lbt-rssi -80 -t 5000 This will set a CCA threthold at -80dBm, then listen to 868.1MHz, wait to send until the channel is not busy. The utilities in lora_pkt_fwd are mainly used for testing the packet-forwarder. They are:
lora_pkt_fwd: it will use the JSON conguration le like global_conf.json to forward data to the specied server. 14 Chapter 2. Quick Installation Guide To run any test that relates to RX, users should use this daemon to display the packets that are received at the Box. util_ack: it will listen on a single UDP port and responding to PUSH_DATA datagrams with util_sink: it will listen on a single port for UDP datagrams, and displaying a message each util_tx_test: it will send the test lora packets periodically with specied parameters like time one is received. The content of the datagram itself is ignored. PUSH_ACK, and to PULL_DATA datagrams with PULL_ACK. frequency and spreading factor. 2.6.4 WiFi backhaul Normally the Box is powered by POE and get Internet access through the POEs LAN port. It is also possible to use WiFi as a backhaul when there is no Ethernet connection, users should rst log into the Box as the steps described before, use aps command to check the available WiFi near by then type in:
R aps setwi yourSSID yourpassword 2.6.5 GPS setting In Box, the GPS model is UBLOX MAX-7Q, which is connected via UART interface. And GPIO 41 is used to enable the GPS, the logic is active high. It complies with u-blox7 (V14) Receiver Description Protocol Specication, which can be downloaded from Ubloxs support website. The protocol has some proprietary commands that used in LoraWAN, and it is automatically communicated by packet-forwarder. It is not advised to set GPS since it is mainly used for LoraWANs time synchronization and location, but users can have GPSD as a daemon to connect the GPS for debugging. It is important to make sure that GPS is not used by any other processes when launching GPSD. The command for bringing up GPSD is:
R gpsd -D 5 -N -n -G /dev/ttyS1 The GPSDS client command to check the GPS output is:
R cgps -s 3. Product specication The Box is designed for better LPWAN performance and manageability. In this chapter we briey introduce the specications for both hardware and software. 3.1 Hardware environment Box is mainly designed for network operators, it can both be deployed outdoor and indoor, the enclosure is made of weather-resistant material. It is much more durable than the normal plastics. The hardware specication is listed in the table blow:
Item CPU Memory GPS LAN Interface Enclosure Size Operating Temperature Power Description MT7688AN 580MHz MIPS 128MB DDR2 RAM/ 32MB FLASH UBlox Max 7Q 10/100 Mbit LAN with 24V POE USB-C with GPIO, USB 2.0 and reset ASA plastic, anti-UV 78 x 340 x 30mm
-40C to 85C 3.5W in average, peak 6W Table 3.1: Key hardware specications 3.2 Software environment To facilitate the network deployment, we have included a lot of good features, which include:
Open source operating system LoraWAN network server and application server running inside of Box 16 Chapter 3. Product specication Ofcial packet-forwarder and lora-gateway libraries OTA upgrade and end device rmware upgrade remote management of gateway and connectivity 3.3 RF performance There are several RF systems in Box, which include Lora, WiFi and GPS . In this section we will briey introduce the performance of these systems. For Lora, the transmission and receive performance are listed in Table 3.2:
For WiFi, Table 3.3 listed the performance, and GPS is listed in Table 3.4. The GPSs perfor-
mances are in accordance with the models data sheets. Item Description TX Maximum +27dBm in 868 version TX Maximum +30dBm in 915 version RX RX
-128dBm at SF7BW125
-143dBm at SF12BW125 Table 3.2: Lora RF performance Item RF Protocol TX Power RX Sensitivity Description 1T1R 150Mbps IEEE 802.11 a/b/g/n
+19dBm
-91.5dBm Table 3.3: WiFi RF performance Item Tracking Cold Start Description
-160dBm
-147dBm Table 3.4: GPS RF performance 3.4 RX Filter for narrow band regions(IN/HK/SIN/THA) Different regions like Thailand, Singapore, India and Hongkong just allocate 2-5MHz to ISM usage, which usually near the LTE/CDMA bands. In order to prevent the receiver desensitization and saturation, the following lters are used in RX path. 3.4 RX Filter for narrow band regions(IN/HK/SIN/THA) 17 920-925MHz RX lter for Singapore, Hong Kong, Thailand, Vietnam 865-867MHz RX lter for India 18 Chapter 3. Product specication 3.5 Antenna Performance The performance of the GPS antenna 1 is listed in the following table:
Description 1574 - 1606MHz 50ohms
<1.2:1 2.5dbi Vertical Item Frequency range Impedance VSWR Max gain Polarization Radiation Pattern Omni-directional Connector Length IP Rating SMA(M) 108mm IP65 Table 3.5: GPS Antenna performance The performance of the Lora antenna 2 is listed in the following table:
Description 863-873MHz 902-928MHz 50ohms
<1.2:1 2.5dbi Vertical Item Frequency range Or Impedance VSWR Max gain Polarization Radiation Pattern Omni-directional Connector Length IP Rating SMA(M) 108mm IP65 Table 3.6: Lora Antenna performance 3.6 Operational frequencies 3.6 Operational frequencies The operational frequencies in European countries is listed in the table. 19 The rest of frequency plans in US, Australia, India, Korea and the rest of the world can be found on MatchX website. 4. Package content Thanks for purchasing MatchX Box LPWAN gateway, it carries the most advanced IoT technology with a plug-and-play design. With the default package users can easily setup an IoT LPWAN. The package includes the following items:
Box(1 pcs) Antenna(2 pcs) 30mm M6 Screw anchor,M4 Screw(2 sets) Stainless Steel Clamp(1 pcs) 24V POE( 1 pcs) Power cords(1 pcs)
.FCC Statement 1. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) This device may not cause harmful interference.
(2) This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. 2. Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. NOTE: The manufacturer is not responsible for any radio or TV interference caused by unauthorized modifications to this equipment. Such modifications could void the users authority to operate the equipment. NOTE: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
- Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
- Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
-Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
-Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help This equipment complies with FCC radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with minimum distance of 20 cm between the radiator and your body. IC Statement This device complies with RSS-247 of Industry Canada. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
(1) this device may not cause harmful interference, and
(2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation. Le prsent appareil est conforme aux CNR d'Industrie Canada applicables aux appareils radio exempts de licence. L'exploitation est autorise aux deux conditions suivantes :
(1) l'appareil ne doit pas produire de brouillage, et
(2) l'utilisateur de l'appareil doit accepter tout brouillage radiolectrique subi, mme si le brouillage est susceptible d'en compromettre le fonctionnement.