FCC ID: XMK-MMXTRNB005 800MHz Tornado Transceiver

1 TORNADO RADIO UNIT PRODUCT MANUAL This document contains proprietary information and must not be provided or copied to third parties without express permission from MiMOMax Wireless Ltd MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 2 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Issue 7 - June 2017 Product Manual for the Tornado Radio Unit Firmware version 4.3.1 Disclaimer Whilst every precaution has been taken in the preparation of this literature and it is believed to be correct at time of issue, MiMOMax Wireless Ltd assumes no liability for errors or omissions or for any damages resulting from the use of this information. Due to a policy of continuous technical improvement the contents of this document and any specifications contained therein are subject to revision and may change without notice. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual TABLE OF CONTENTS ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS ................................................................................................................................... 5 1 TORNADO SYSTEM OVERVIEW ................................................................................................................................. 7 1.1 NETWORK DIGITAL LINKS (NDL) .......................................................................................................................................7 1.2 MULTIPOINT DIGITAL LINKS (MDL) ...................................................................................................................................8 1.3 OPTIMISED PROTECTION VARIANT (OPV) ..........................................................................................................................9 2 SAFETY WARNINGS ................................................................................................................................................ 11 2.1 MODIFICATIONS ..........................................................................................................................................................11 2.2 TRANSMITTER ANTENNA ...............................................................................................................................................11 SAFETY DISTANCE ........................................................................................................................................................11 2.3 FCC RF EXPOSURE STATEMENT .....................................................................................................................................11 2.4 2.5 ELECTRICAL SAFETY CABLE SCREENING ..............................................................................................................................11 2.6 MAINS CONNECTION ....................................................................................................................................................11 FCC 15.19 STATEMENT ...............................................................................................................................................12 2.7 2.8 FCC 15.105(B) STATEMENT .........................................................................................................................................12 3 TORNADO RADIO UNIT OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................ 13 3.1 3.2 3.2.1 3.2.2 3.2.3 3.2.4 3.2.5 3.2.6 3.2.7 3.2.8 3.2.9 3.2.10 3.2.11 CONNECTORS .............................................................................................................................................................13 DIGITAL PROCESSING SYSTEM ........................................................................................................................................14 Power supply ..................................................................................................................................................14 Central Processor Unit ....................................................................................................................................14 FPGA ...............................................................................................................................................................14 Receive Converters .........................................................................................................................................14 Transmit Converters .......................................................................................................................................14 Reference & Clock Synthesisers ......................................................................................................................14 Dual Ethernet ..................................................................................................................................................14 Dual Serial ......................................................................................................................................................15 GPIO ................................................................................................................................................................15 Alarm ..............................................................................................................................................................15 Front Panel LEDs .............................................................................................................................................15 RECEIVER RF/IF SECTIONS ............................................................................................................................................15 Front End ........................................................................................................................................................15 Mixer and LO Buffer .......................................................................................................................................15 IF and AGC Circuitry ........................................................................................................................................15 Local Oscillator ...............................................................................................................................................15 TRANSMITTER RF/IF SECTIONS ......................................................................................................................................16 Forward Signal Path .......................................................................................................................................16 Feedback Signal Path......................................................................................................................................16 Local Oscillator ...............................................................................................................................................16 Internal Duplexer ............................................................................................................................................16 3.3 3.4 3.3.1 3.3.2 3.3.3 3.3.4 3.4.1 3.4.2 3.4.3 3.4.4 4 SETTING UP ON THE BENCH .................................................................................................................................... 17 4.1 TESTING THE NETWORK SETUP.......................................................................................................................................18 CONFIGURATION CONTROL AND MONITORING SYSTEM (CCMS) ........................................................................... 21 CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY AND POWER CALIBRATION ........................................................................... 22 6.1 6.2 6.3 INTRODUCTION ...........................................................................................................................................................22 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED: POWER METER ...........................................................................................................................22 PROCESS OVERVIEW ....................................................................................................................................................22 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 5 6 3 6.4 6.5 CCMS PROCESS .........................................................................................................................................................22 POWER CALIBRATION ...................................................................................................................................................24 Calibrating Tx (Coarse Step) ...........................................................................................................................24 Calibrating Tx (Fine Step)................................................................................................................................25 Complete calibration of one Tx .......................................................................................................................25 Complete both transmitter calibration ...........................................................................................................25 Calibration fault ..............................................................................................................................................26 6.5.1 6.5.2 6.5.3 6.5.4 6.5.5 7 DUPLEXER TUNING GUIDE ...................................................................................................................................... 27 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 DUPLEXER TUNING ......................................................................................................................................................27 400-470 MHZ DUPLEXER TUNING GUIDE .......................................................................................................................27 400MHZ INTERNAL DUPLEXERS .....................................................................................................................................27 Tools/Equipment Required .............................................................................................................................28 Procedure .......................................................................................................................................................29 RSSI CALIBRATION ......................................................................................................................................................30 REFERENCE CALIBRATION ..............................................................................................................................................31 Equipment required for reference calibration ................................................................................................31 How to calibrate the reference .......................................................................................................................31 7.3.1 7.3.2 7.5.1 7.5.2 8 RADIO REFERENCE INFORMATION ......................................................................................................................... 33 8.2 8.1.1 8.1.2 8.1 MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS AND MOUNTING .....................................................................................................................33 Dimensions .....................................................................................................................................................33 Mounting ........................................................................................................................................................33 INPUT AND OUTPUT .....................................................................................................................................................37 Connectors ......................................................................................................................................................38 LED Behaviour.................................................................................................................................................38 Essential Power Requirements .......................................................................................................................39 Electrical Characteristics.................................................................................................................................42 Interface ports ................................................................................................................................................44 RF Specification ..............................................................................................................................................46 INSTALLATION .............................................................................................................................................................50 COMPLIANCES ............................................................................................................................................................51 8.2.1 8.2.2 8.2.3 8.2.4 8.2.5 8.2.6 8.3 8.4 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 4 ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS Alternating Current Australian Communications And Media Authority Analogue To Digital Converter Adaptive Differential Pulse Code Modulation Automatic Frequency Control Automatic Gain Control Antenna Bit Error Rate Base Radio Unit Bandwidth Category Configuration Control & Monitoring Software Coder Decoder Central Processing Unit Cyclic Redundancy Check Comma Separated Value Digital To Analogue Converter Direct Current Decision-Feedback Equalizer Digital Interface Duplexer Digital Processing System Diversity Radio Unit Digital Signal Processing Data Terminal Equipment Express Forward Electromagnetic Compatibility Electromagnetic Compatibility And Radio Spectrum Matters Electrostatic Sensitive Device European Telecommunications Standards Institute Federal Communications Commission First In, First Out Field-Programmable Gate Array File Transfer Protocol Ground Global Positioning System Generic Routing Encapsulation High Pass Filter High Speed Serial Interface Hyper-Text Mark-Up Language Intermediate Frequency Input Output Internet Protocol International Telecommunication Union Light Emitting Diode Low Noise Amplifier Local Oscillator Low Pass Filter Link Radio Unit Media Access Control MiMOMax Cognisant Adaptive Modulation MiMOMax Data Acceleration Protocols Medium Dependent Interface Crossover Multipoint Digital Link Management Information Base Multi Input Multi Output MiMOMax Routing Adaptation Protocols Network Digital Link Network Interface Board AC ACMA ADC ADPCM AFC AGC ANT BER BRU BW CAT CCMS CODECS CPU CRC CSV DAC DC DFE DIF DPLXR DPS DRU DSP DTE EF EMC ERM ESD ETSI FCC FIFO FPGA FTP GND GPS GRE HPF HSSI HTML IF IO IP ITU LED LNA LO LPF LRU MAC MCAM MDAP MDIX MDL MIB MIMO MRAP NDL NIB 5 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Network Time Protocol Optimised Protection Variant Open System Interconnection Open Shortest Path First Over The Air Configuration Over The Air Programming Power Amplifier Personal Computer Printed Circuit Board Positive Emitter-Coupled Logic Power Interface P-Type, Intrinsic, N-Type Phase Locked Loop Private Mobile Radio Power Supply Unit Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Quadrature Phase-Shift Keying Radio Frequency Radio Frequency Interference Remote Radio Unit Received Signal Strength Indication Real-Time Protocol Radio Unit Receive Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition Single Ended Primary Inductor Converter Software Feature Enabler Sub miniature Version B Simple Network Management Protocol Serial Peripheral Interface Synchronous Serial Transmission Control Protocol Time To Repair Transmit Universal Asynchronous Receiver/Transmitter User Datagram Protocol Ultra-High Frequency United States Dollar Voltage Controlled Oscillator Voltage-Controlled Temperature-Compensated Crystal Oscillator Volts Root Mean Square Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol Voltage Standing Wave Ratio NTP OPV OSI OSPF OTAC OTAP PA PC PCB PECL PIF PIN PLL PMR PSU QAM QPSK RF RFI RRU RSSI RTP RU RX SCADA SEPIC SFE SMB SNMP SPI SS TCP TTR TX UART UDP UHF USD VCO VCTCXO VRMS VRRP VSWR 6 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 1 TORNADO SYSTEM OVERVIEW MiMOMax Tornado delivers the next generation of high performance true MiMO narrowband remote radios for SCADA, Protection and Linking applications. The Tornado is the market leader for narrowband throughput and functionality with a full duplex aggregate data rate of up to 640kb/s in 50kHz in its highest modulation mode. Tornado radios provide a radio wireless infrastructure for connecting devices used by various applications to form a network through which IP data, RS-232 serial data or RS485 synchronous serial data can seamlessly flow. Features include isolated power supply with low power consumption, full duplex operation with built in duplexers and supporting a combination of interfaces, with very high scalable data rates, remote over the air network management, optional SNMP, ModBus and DNP3 support and a very efficient random-access protocol. Operating in the licensed frequency bands between 400-470MHz & 806-960MHz, 700Mhz Upper A-Block and VHF, with a wide temperature operating range and optional waterproof outdoor mount. The Tornado enables unrivalled performance while maintaining MiMOMaxs renowned reputation for reliability and operational efficiency. The MiMOMax Tornado radio platform is configurable in three types of system linking, Network Digital Links (NDL), Multi-

Point Digital Links (MDL) and an Optimised Protection Variant (OPV) of the NDL link. The one Tornado radio platform can be configured differently for the different roles required by these links through the enabling and disabling of features and functionalities. 1.1 NETWORK DIGITAL LINKS (NDL) The MiMOMax NDL is a highly reliable and robust point-to-point wireless linking solution designed to support PMR Linking, SCADA and Backhaul applications. An NDL link is a simple point-to-point over-the-air connection between two Tornado radios in NDL mode. One is configured as master, the other as slave. This link allows for very quick data transfer. Modulation can be fixed or adaptive. Simple NDL Link Diagram Utilizing the MiMO technology and full-duplex operation, this narrowband fixed wireless solution provides a reliable low-error data transport service. A number of internal interfaces are available to support various SCADA applications and also multichannel, conventional, analogue, simulcast, MPT, P25 and/or TETRA digital networks in trunked and simulcast configurations. For PMR applications, a separate high-quality Network Interface Box (NIB) with up to 6 x 32k ADPCM audio channels plus 9k6 RS232 signalling channel, supports analogue networks. Multiple links can be cascaded to cope with difficult terrain and very long paths. Different mounting options provide the much-

needed flexibility for varied network requirements. Being fully compatible with the rest of the MiMOMax product types, NDL can be incorporated into the MiMOMax MDL (point-to-multipoint) linking solution. NDL links are well-suited for providing backhaul links between sites in P25, DMR and MPT networks. Each link can carry multiple voice channels (the number varies with the modulation scheme) and have residual bandwidth for maintenance tasks. A high priority queue is available to provide EF priority to voice and other critical data over the link. The following diagram shows a simplified two-site trunked P25 network with an NDL link providing the backhaul between the remote site and the central site. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 7 Simplified Two-Site Trunked P25 Network 1.2 MULTIPOINT DIGITAL LINKS (MDL) The MiMOMax MDL is a highly reliable and robust point-to-multipoint wireless linking solution designed for mission-critical Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) and Telemetry applications. It consists of one or more Base Radio Units

(BRUs) that support up to 1020 Remote Radio Units (RRUs). The MiMOMax MDL supports both native IP and legacy Asynchronous Serial RS232 Remote Terminal Units (RTUs) by means of optional embedded Terminal Server software. A number of interfaces are available to support various applications. Additionally, the system is capable of supporting remote outstations simultaneously on different modulation schemes to accommodate various data rates and link paths. Very high system gains and good receiver sensitivities mean that it is possible to achieve paths in excess of 100kms from high radio sites at full speed. Furthermore, any branch of MDL can be extended by using the MiMOMax point-to-point Network Digital Link (NDL) radio communications solution. Basic Point-to-Multi-Point Linking Diagram MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 8 SCADA networks can use MDL links to connect remote RTUs to the central SCADA master. These links can be cascaded with an NDL link to cope with difficult terrain or very long paths. SCADA Network Example 1.3 OPTIMISED PROTECTION VARIANT (OPV) The MiMOMax OPV is a highly intelligent point-to-point radio system that provides complete rural substation Tele protection communications solution for both power line protection and SCADA applications. It is designed to meet CAT I, II and III protection levels. Hence, can be employed to link power line protection relays (e.g. General Electric L90) within critical network infrastructure. In addition to providing a low latency, low jitter 64kbps protection channel, it also provides at least 64kbps Ethernet capacity over the same radio link. The protection relays typically use the radio link to exchange data packets at 64kbps, containing power system voltage and current magnitude and phase angle information. This information is used to determine whether there is an unexpected event or power loss on the line and to transmit information used to trip circuit breakers when a line fault is detected. The interface required for the protection relays is typically synchronous serial using V11 (RS422), X-21 or G703 signaling at 64kbps transmission rate. However, a number of other synchronous serial interfaces can also be accommodated. Furthermore, multiple layers of security ensure that the mission-critical operations remain highly secure. 9 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual OPV Example Network Diagram MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual

. 10 2 SAFETY WARNINGS 2.1 MODIFICATIONS NOTE: THE GRANTEE IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR ANY CHANGES OR MODIFICATIONS NOT EXPRESSLY APPROVED BY THE PARTY RESPONSIBLE FOR COMPLIANCE. SUCH MODIFICATIONS COULD VOID THE USERS AUTHORITY TO OPERATE THE EQUIPMENT. 2.2 TRANSMITTER ANTENNA Under Industry Canada regulations, this radio transmitter may only operate using an antenna of a type and maximum (or lesser) gain approved for the transmitter by Industry Canada. To reduce potential radio interference to other users, the antenna type and its gain should be so chosen that the equivalent isotropically radiated power (e.i.r.p.) is not more than that necessary for successful communication. Conformment la rglementation d'Industrie Canada, le prsent metteur radio peut fonctionner avec une antenne d'un type et d'un gain maximal (ou infrieur) approuv pour l'metteur par Industrie Canada. Dans le but de rduire les risques de brouillage radiolectrique l'intention des autres utilisateurs, il faut choisir le type d'antenne et son gain de sorte que la puissance isotrope rayonne quivalente (p.i.r.e.) ne dpassepas l'intensit ncessaire l'tablissement d'une communication satisfaisante. 2.3 SAFETY DISTANCE Minimum Safe Distance from Antenna: To comply with safety requirements for human RF exposure in the USA, Canada and other countries, no person shall be permitted to remain in the vicinity of the antenna of an operational MiMOMax Tornado system at distances closer than the following:

General Public/Uncontrolled Use: 0.16m when using an 8dbi Panel Antenna with a MiMOMax 700MHz radio. The above distances are based on procedures defined by regulatory standards for equipment operating at maximum power and 100% duty cycle with a person located directly in front of the antenna in the main radiation lobe. 2.4 FCC RF EXPOSURE STATEMENT The transmitter must not be co-located or operated in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment. This equipment should be installed and operated with a minimum distance of 61cm between the radiator and any part of your body. 2.5 ELECTRICAL SAFETY CABLE SCREENING Equipment connected to the protective earthing of the building installation through the mains connection or through other equipment with a connection to protective earthing - and to a cable distribution system using coaxial cable, may in some circumstances create a fire hazard. Connection to a cable distribution system has therefore to be provided through a device providing electrical isolation below a certain frequency range (galvanic isolator, see EN 60728-11). NOTE: In Norway, due to regulation for installations of cable distribution systems, and in Sweden, a galvanic isolator shall provide electrical insulation below 5 MHz. The insulation shall withstand a dielectric strength of 1,5 kV r.m.s., 50 Hz or 60 Hz, for 1 min. Utstyr som er koplet til beskyttelsesjord via nettplugg og/eller via annet jordtilkoplet utstyr - og er tilkoplet et kabel-TV nett, kan forrsake brannfare. For unng dette skal det ved tilkopling av utstyret til kabel-TV nettet installeres en galvanisk isolator mellom utstyret og kabel-TV nettet. Utrustning som r kopplad till skyddsjord via jordat vgguttag och/eller via annan utrustning och samtidigt r kopplad till kabel-

TV nt kan i vissa fall medfra risk fr brand. Fr att undvika detta skall vid anslutning av utrustningen till kabel-TV nt galvanisk isolator finnas mellan utrustningen och kabel-TV ntet. 2.6 MAINS CONNECTION The Mains connection of the supply providing the DC supply to the MiMOMax Tornado unit shall be either:

PERMANENTLY CONNECTED EQUIPMENT. PLUGGABLE EQUIPMENT TYPE B. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 11 Or equipment intended to be used in a RESTRICTED ACCESS LOCATION where equipotential bonding has been applied and which has provision for a permanently connected PROTECTIVE EARTHING CONDUCTOR and is provided with instructions for the installation of that conductor by a SERVICE PERSON. 2.7 FCC 15.19 STATEMENT THIS DEVICE COMPLIES WITH PART 15 OF THE FCC RULES. OPERATION IS SUBJECT TO THE FOLLOWING TWO CONDITIONS: (1) THIS DEVICE MAY NOT CAUSE HARMFUL INTERFERENCE, AND (2) THIS DEVICE MUST ACCEPT ANY INTERFERENCE RECEIVED, INCLUDING INTERFERENCE THAT MAY CAUSE UNDESIRED OPERATION. 2.8 FCC 15.105(B) STATEMENT Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver. Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. 12 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 3 TORNADO RADIO UNIT OVERVIEW 3.1 CONNECTORS Error! Reference source not found. shows each of the different connectors The Ethernet connectors are 10/100 Base-Tx connected to a two-port switch (either port can be used). The operating input voltage range of the power supply is 10.5 to 64 VDC. The power supply must be able to supply at least 30 watts. Warning: Do not power up the radio unit without a load (attenuator or antenna) connected to each of the N connectors. Damage to the radio may occur otherwise. Connectors Each radio unit can operate as either a Base Radio Unit (BRU) or Remote Radio Unit (RRU) as part of a Multi-point Digital Link (MDL) system or alternatively as a NDL unit as part of a Network Digital Link (NDL) system. The actual mode of operation will depend on the Software Feature Enablers (SFEs) purchased and the product type configured. A MDL system consists of one BRU, tuned to one Tx/Rx frequency pair, with a number of RRUs, all tuned to the corresponding, but opposite, Tx/Rx frequency pair. An NDL system consists of one master NDL unit tuned to one frequency pair with its corresponding slave unit tuned to the opposite pair. MiMOMax Tornado radios consist of the following modules. Digital Processing System (DPS) Transceiver (TRCVR) Duplexers (DPLXR) These modules are described in detail in the sections that follow. User data (Ethernet or serial) passes from the various interfaces into the Digital Processing System (DPS) where sophisticated processing takes place to code the data into a MIMO signal. This MIMO signal is created completely digitally inside the DPS. The DPS then generates two signals at an IF frequency. There are two signals because ultimately the signals will pass onto separate elements on the antenna. The Intermediate Frequency (IF) signals are then passed on to the Transmitter module which mixes the signals up to the desired frequency and also amplifies the signals to the required levels. The signals then pass through the duplexers. The duplexers are special filters which prevent the transmitted signals from feeding back into the receiver module. Next the signals are fed to the antenna. The antenna is a special MIMO antenna which is able to transmit and receive on both the vertical and horizontal polarisations at the same time. The MIMO antennas are essentially two antennas in one. On the receive path, the radio signals are picked up by the MIMO antenna and fed through the duplexers and into the receiver module. The receiver selects the radio frequency to receive and mixes this signal down to an IF. This IF signal is then sampled by Analogue to Digital Converters (ADCs) on the DPS module. The DPS module then performs very complex MIMO processing to decode the user data that was sent. This data is then passed to the appropriate interface. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 13 3.2 DIGITAL PROCESSING SYSTEM The DPS is the heart of the radio unit. It provides an accurate and stable 40MHz system reference clock from which all the required digital clocks and RF local oscillator frequencies for transmit and receive functions are derived. It processes signals that have been transmitted or received and provides overall control and monitoring to the rest of the system via the built-in Configuration, Control and Management Software CCMS software. Power supplies are also provided by the DPS. Power supply 3.2.1 The power supply operates off a 10.5 to 60 VDC input and generates stable 13.5V, 5.4V, 5.0V, 3.3V, 2.5V,1.8V 1.2V and 18V internal power supply rails, that all the other circuitry runs off. The input of the power supply is isolated from the rest of the circuitry and the chassis. Input voltage monitoring is provided via CCMS. 3.2.2 Central Processor Unit An ARM Cortex A8 based microcontroller is used as the CPU in the DPS board. It uses a reference clock of 26MHz. The CPU provides external device connectivity through the built-in and external peripherals. The CPU runs a Linux embedded operating system which provides various services such as scheduling, process management, memory management, device and resource management, TCP/IP stacks and inter-networking, applications, user interface, system configuration and control etc. An integral part of the Linux operating system is the MiMOMax specific network driver, which configures the radio unit as a standard Ethernet device. 3.2.3 FPGA An Altera Cyclone IV Field Programmable Gate Array is used to implement the physical layer TX and Rx signal processing, MAC layer and signalling protocols on the serial interfaces. 3.2.4 Receive Converters The 45.1MHz analogue IF signals from each receiver channel are fed to a dual 10-bit ADC. The signals are sampled using a 40MHz clock which is generated from the 40MHz system reference clock. The digital outputs from the ADC are fed to the FPGA for processing. 3.2.5 Transmit Converters The digital transmit signals from the FPGA are fed to a dual 14-bit DAC which uses a clock frequency of 40MHz to produce the analogue IF signal for each transmitter channel. The IF output is 15.3835MHz. This is chosen in conjunction with the transmitter local oscillator frequency to minimise the generation of spurious frequencies in the transmitted RF output spectrum. 3.2.6 Reference & Clock Synthesisers The main system reference clock consists of a low-noise, voltage-controlled, temperature-compensated, crystal oscillator

(VCTCXO) operating at 40MHz. Factory calibration of this oscillator against an external GPS or other frequency reference is provided by means of a non-volatile sample-and-hold facility which adjusts the VCTCXO DC control voltage to set the frequency precisely to 40.0MHz. The VCTCXO may also be phase-locked to an external 10 MHz reference if required. If the external reference input is not in use the internal reference divided down to 10 MHz can be provided as an output. External reference in/out is provided via an isolated differential connection on the GPIO connector. The 40MHz output from the VCTCXO is buffered and distributed to provide low-noise differential reference signals for the transmitter and receiver local oscillators, transmit DACs, receive ADCs and the FPGA. The 40MHz output from the VCTCXO also feeds a PLL IC which generates a 26MHz clock for the CPU and a 25MHz clock for the Ethernet controller IC. 3.2.7 Dual Ethernet The Ethernet is provided via a three-port managed Ethernet switch, one port is the internal connection to the CPU, and the other two ports are available on the RJ45 connectors labelled Eth1 and Eth2 on the front panel. The Ethernet ports are both 10/100BASE-Tx ports, supporting full and half duplex, flow control, auto MDI-X and auto negotiation. 14 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 3.2.8 Dual Serial The two serial ports, Serial 1 and Serial 2 on the front panel, operate as RS232 ports can either operate via a terminal server application (NDL and MDL) or providing a transparent end to end RS232 connection (NDL only). In a NDL system the serial ports are also able to provide X-21, RS422, G703, C37.94 or MiMOMax HSSI2 via external interface converters. 3.2.9 GPIO Four GPIO ports are provided, these are able to be open collector digital outputs capable of withstanding 70 VDC, and sinking up to 100mA. Or they can be used as either digital or analogue input ports, making use of a 12-bit Analogue to Digital converter. The direction and mode of each can be set independently. 3.2.10 Alarm A single set of voltage free change over contacts are provided as an alarm indication, these are current limited to 750mA. The alarm port is also on the GPIO connector. 3.2.11 Front Panel LEDs LEDs on the front panel indicate Power, RF link status and Alarm. A green LED by the power connector is on when the internal 3.3 Volt power supply is on. A green LED labelled Link is on when a RF link is active. A red LED labelled Alarm flashes during boot up. It will also flash when the alarm is active. 3.3 RECEIVER RF/IF SECTIONS The receiver has two identical channels, each with separate RF, mixer and IF stages. A common local oscillator feeds both channels simultaneously. RF input to each channel is by means of a PCB-mounted 50 SMB connector. With the exception of the VCO/synthesiser sections the descriptions below apply equally to either receive channel. 3.3.1 Front End The Front End resides on the duplexer board. Incoming signals are fed through a band pass duplexer which provides effective rejection of out-of-band frequencies beyond the centre frequency (approximately +/-3MHz). Following the filter, is the receiver Low Noise Amplifier (LNA). This is followed by a fixed image reject filter to remove noise attributed to the LNA as the majority of image rejection comes from the internal duplexers. 3.3.2 Mixer and LO Buffer The RF signal from the front end is converted down to an Intermediate Frequency (IF) by means of a mixer and LO Buffer. IF and AGC Circuitry 3.3.3 The signal from the mixer feeds a 45.1MHz 4-pole crystal filter. It then passes via a buffer amplifier to a second IF filter which is a 2-pole crystal unit. This gives a total of 6 poles of analogue IF filtering. Primary rejection of adjacent channels is provided by post-IF DSP filtering further down the receive chain. Following the second IF filter are two-stage variable-gain AGC amplifiers which provide >100dB effective gain adjustment, using a DC control voltage derived from a 10-bit DAC. The balanced output from the second stage amplifier is fed via an anti-

aliasing band pass filter to an analogue-to-digital converter (ADC) and subsequent digital processing circuitry. At maximum gain the 45.1MHz IF amplifier chain provides >90dB gain from 1st IF filter input to the balanced IF output (total receiver gain from RF input to IF output: >100dB). In operation, the post-IF receiver processing circuitry adjusts the AGC control voltage via the DAC to maintain the signal level into the receiver ADC within its linear operating region. 3.3.4 Local Oscillator The receiver local oscillator consists of a programmable fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesiser, using a stable reference frequency from an internal 40MHz temperature-compensated crystal oscillator located on the DPS PCB. The required local oscillator frequency (i.e. receive frequency minus 45.1MHz) is programmed by the unit central processing system which controls the synthesiser via a 3-wire serial interface bus. The frequency is settable in 6.25 kHz increments (5 kHz optional). MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 15 The synthesiser control loop incorporates a low noise op-amp active filter and level shifter, the output of which feeds the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO uses a LC resonator tuned by high-Q varicap diodes to minimise phase noise and jitter. The required local oscillator frequency ranges from 354.9 to 424.9MHz. The output of the VCO passes through an RF cascade buffer IC, which amplifies the low-level signal from VCO whilst providing high reverse isolation to minimise any variations in VCO loading. The output feeds the splitter network and in turn feed the mixers of each receiver channel. 3.4 TRANSMITTER RF/IF SECTIONS The transmitter has two channels, each with separate RF, up/down converter, and IF stages. The power supplies and stepped attenuator settings can be independently controlled. A common local oscillator feeds both channels simultaneously. RF output from each channel is by means of a PCB-mounted 50 SMB connector. With the exception of the VCO/synthesiser sections the descriptions below apply equally to either transmit channel. 3.4.1 Forward Signal Path The transmitter employs a fixed frequency direct IF with single up conversion to the final RF. It includes a fixed and manual tuned IF filters to attenuate DAC spurs. The mixer is a quadrature up converter and also provides an image reject function due to 90deg phase splitting of the input signal. The adjustment of gain is provided by a 1.5-33.5dB stepped attenuator programmable in 0.5dB steps. Power amplification follows consisting of devices biased to provide a reasonably linear characteristic to support the required modulation types. A directional coupler on the PA output provides a sample of the signal for the feedback path. The PA bias is controlled via DAC outputs. The PA bias tracks temperature based on a predefined tracking curve. An ADC monitor measures PA final and driver current, forward and reverse power. PA temperature is monitored for each channel by dedicated temperature sensors. 3.4.2 Feedback Signal Path The RF signal from the directional coupler has adjustment of gain provided by a 1.5-33dB step attenuator programmable in 0.5dB steps. An image reject mixer provides attenuation of any external signal on the down converter image frequency. The RF signal is down converted to a 15.3835MHz IF feedback signal which is the same as the forward path signal. This IF signal is amplified and summed with the forward path to close the loop. 3.4.3 Local Oscillator The transmitter local oscillator consists of a programmable fractional-N phase-locked loop (PLL) frequency synthesiser. This uses a stable reference frequency derived from the DPS 40MHz clock. The required local oscillator frequency (i.e. transmit frequency minus TX IF) is programmed via a serial interface bus from the DPS. The LO frequency can be set in 5 kHz increments. The synthesiser control loop incorporates a low noise op-amp active filter and level shifter, the output of which feeds the voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO). The VCO uses a LC resonator tuned by high-Q varicap diodes to minimise phase noise and jitter. The required local oscillator frequency range is 384.6165MHz to 454.6165MHz (70MHz total). The output of the VCO passes through a resistive attenuator into a buffer amplifier which raises the power level. This is followed by two Wilkinson splitter networks, resulting in four 50 outputs. These outputs feed the up conversion and down conversion mixers for each of the two transmitter channels. Internal Duplexer 3.4.4 The duplexer takes one receiver and one transmitter and duplexes them onto a single antenna port. Two duplexers are used in each radio unit. The antenna port connector is a waterproof N-type. Connections to the receiver and transmitter printed circuit assemblies are made internally via two 50 SMB connectors and interconnecting semi-flexible coax cables. Each duplexer has two band pass filters with notches and an LNA for the receive path. The notch frequency of each element is tuned by a trimmer capacitor. Electrically the two duplexers in each radio unit are identical. Physically they are different and present almost a mirror image of the other. These are referred to as Channel 1 and Channel 2. The duplexers cannot be swapped over. 16 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual The radio units can be interconnected for bench-based testing or configuration. Attenuators with the appropriate value and power The handling used. must be 4 SETTING UP ON THE BENCH RF Wiring Diagram shows the interconnection of attenuators, cables and splitters for a standard bench test. Note: If an NDL system or an MDL system with only one RRU is desired then the splitters, second RRU and corresponding attenuators can be omitted. MiMOMax can supply a splitter that provides 4 ports and ~30dB attenuation. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 17 RF Wiring Diagram Recommended equipment:

6x high power attenuators (30 dB, >10 W) 2x low power attenuators (30dB) 2x splitters Sufficient cables and adaptors to connect the above devices to the radio units 4.1 TESTING THE NETWORK SETUP Once the RF setup has been completed the radio units can be powered up, networking on associated devices configured and the units logged into. Refer to the label located on the underside of the radio unit to identify the configured IP address and subnet mask. The image below shows an example IP diagram of the network in Router mode. The following one shows an example of same network in Bridged mode. We generally recommend setting up MDL in Bridged mode because the network settings are simpler however it depends on your IP planning for the multipoint network. First, we connect to each radio unit locally. To do this, configure the IP address, subnet mask and gateway of the connected device or laptop. It is crucial that the laptops/devices are on the same subnet as the Tornados and also that their gateway is set to the Tornados IP address. This means you will need to reconfigure the IP information if moving the laptop between radio units. 18 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Example IP diagram using 192.168.x.x subnets (Routed mode) Example IP diagram using a single subnet (Bridged mode) Next confirm network connectivity by pinging each radio unit from the connected laptop. If this is not successful, use ipconfig to check your networking settings. Once we have network connectivity with the local radio unit, type the appropriate IP address into your web browser to access the unit. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 19 20 Figure 1 Ipconfig on the left (In this case the gateway has not been set properly!) and on the right Pinging 192.168.0.1 (the BRU) from Laptop A You are now ready to log in, configure, and monitor the system. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 5 CONFIGURATION CONTROL AND MONITORING SYSTEM (CCMS) CCMS is web-based software that enables you to connect to a MiMOMax radio unit using a web browser such as Internet Explorer, Firefox or Chrome. No application other than a web browser needs to be installed on your PC or laptop. The radio unit serves up the CCMS web pages. For a full list of functions please refer to MiMOMaxs Tornado CCMS Manual. 21 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 6 CHANGING OPERATING FREQUENCY AND POWER CALIBRATION 6.1 INTRODUCTION Changing operating frequencies of a MiMOMax Tornado radio is done via the CCMS. The radios power will need to be recalibrated and the internal duplexers also need to be re-tuned. Duplexer tuning is covered in Section 7. 6.2 EQUIPMENT REQUIRED: POWER METER For accurate measurement of average power from MiMOMax transmitters a thermistor bolometer type of power meter (e.g. HP435A or similar) is required. Other types of power meter may give inaccurate average power readings when used with MiMOMax transmitters and may be suitable only for relative power measurement. The transmitters are accurately set up in the factory to produce 250 mW average power output. To avoid compromising spectral purity it is very important that the power output be set no higher than this. 6.3 PROCESS OVERVIEW The process of changing frequencies can be seen below. Frequency change process 6.4 CCMS PROCESS To start the process, click on RF TX and Rx. This page displays the transmitter power level, TX and Rx frequencies. It is strongly advised to set the unit to +24dBm output power and to measure the transmit power before starting the process. This can be used as a reference power should you not have an accurate power meter. The units were factory calibrated to +24dBm,

+/-0.2dB. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 22 Simply enter the new TX and Rx Frequencies and/or desired power. Enter save and follow the on screen instructions. The next page is shown below. A warning appears that requests that the duplexers be retuned and the unit rebooted. This warning will appear on all CCMS pages, and the transmitters will be shut down, until the unit is rebooted. Configure RF CCMS Page Once the unit has been rebooted a new warning will appear. It will warn that power calibration is required. Power Calibration should be performed only after Channel 1 and 2 duplexers have been retuned. Ensure that you connect your power meter to the Channel 1 Transmitter then select the Calibration link. Navigate through the drop down menu to TX Power Calibration. The Channel 1 transmitter will turn on immediately when entering the TX Power Calibration Screen so it is important to already have the power meter connected. Enter New Frequencies Page MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 23 6.5 POWER CALIBRATION The process for calibrating the transmitter power is described below. The process for calibrating the power using CCMS is different from the process when using CLi in terms of what users can do. It is also a subject to constraints that the UI poses on the user. First select the TX Power Calibration from Calibration at the main menu. When done the following control is shown:

Press start to initiate the power calibration. Proceed with Cal Tx1 to calibrate the 1st transmitter or with Cal Tx2 to do the 2nd one. The order isn't important. The power at the current state is down and the carrier is turned On once one of these buttons is pressed. 6.5.1 Calibrating Tx (Coarse Step) Once we press Cal Tx1 the carrier power is turned On for transmitter 1 (transmitter 2 is Off) and user is ready to measure output power (uncalibrated output). The following page will allow to input the measured power and perform the 1st step of calibration (the coarse step), During this step the duplexer loss in the RF EEPROM will be adjusted once Calibrate is pressed. This click will take the user to the 2nd calibration step, called the fine step. 24 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 6.5.2 Calibrating Tx (Fine Step) The fine step is where the power is accurately adjusted using the PG (aka Pulse Shaper Gain) - the digital gain and digital hardware method to control power. Click Calibrate on the following page to apply it, 6.5.3 Complete calibration of one Tx Pressing Calibrate the 2nd time, finishes the adjustments and if successful, the following screen will be shown:

The user can abort the process at any time while still calibrating one of the Tx's by pressing the Abort button on this screen or on other process screens. The abort isn't permitted once both transmitters show a green YES on the last screen. This is one difference between CCMS and CLI which allows abort at any time unless you've already issued a confirm. 6.5.4 Complete both transmitter calibration The next page shows up when both transmitters were successful in their calibration. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 25 6.5.5 Calibration fault Sometimes, the calibration process can fail. This will occur if the PG is out of range at the fine step. The logic checks the resulting PG against limits and the PG must be inside them for the calibration to pass. On failure of one of the transmitters the following page will be show:

This will result in failure and user will need to abort by pressing the Abort button. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 26 7 DUPLEXER TUNING GUIDE The MiMOMax Tornado radio unit has two transmitters and two receivers; these connect to two antenna ports via two duplexers. The duplexer serves three primary functions. It allows one transmitter and one receiver to be connected to a single antenna port. It reduces the high-power transmitter signal getting into the sensitive receiver, and the received signal getting into the transmitter. In the case of the Tornado duplexer, the Low Noise Amplifier for the Receive path has been integrated onto the duplexer printed circuit board. This manual covers internal duplexer tuning for 400 470 MHz radios. 700 MHz radios do not require duplexer tuning and duplexers should not be tuned in the 900 MHz range. VHF radios do not have internal duplexers. 7.1 DUPLEXER TUNING The 400-470 MHz internal duplexers are designed for a TX to Rx frequency difference of greater than 5 MHz. The filters are band pass filters with tuneable notches at +/-the difference in frequency. Given that notches appear either side of the pass band, the duplexer can support TX high or TX low configurations. Note: TX high means the transmitter frequency is above the receive frequency. TX low means the transmitter frequency is below the receive frequency. The 3dB pass band is nominally designed to be 3.5MHz. However this will vary slightly across the band. It will be slightly wider at the top of the band and narrower at the bottom of the band. The insertion loss is typically 3.4dB in the pass band. Insertion loss will vary across the band, being less at the top of the band and more at the bottom of the band. The Tx notch depth is designed to be >60dB at +/-5MHz. Note that this improves as the other path is tuned up and typically with both Tx and Rx tuned properly the notch depth will approach 65dB. 7.2 400-470 MHZ DUPLEXER TUNING GUIDE NB: full anti-static precautions are to be taken. 7.3 400MHZ INTERNAL DUPLEXERS The 400MHz duplexers are band pass duplexers with notches on each of the alternate signal paths. The transmitter path will have a notch tuned to the receiver frequency. The receiver path will have a notch tuned to the transmitter frequency. Each of these Duplexers is made up of ten tuneable elements, five for the transmitter path and five for the receiver path. Top View of Channel 1 Duplexer Channel 2 duplexers are electrically identical, however, from the top view they are considered almost symmetrical about the longest axis. The duplexers are mounted to pillars in the radio housing. M3x10mm T10 Torx head Taptite screws are used to secure the duplexer. The duplexer is further secured through fixing the N-Type connector to the front face of the chassis using the N-Type 19mm hex mounting nut and spring washer. The duplexer electrically connects to the transmitter and receiver via semi-flexible coax. The coax is terminated in SMB female RF connectors to mate with the opposite gender on the RF and duplexer printed circuit boards. Due to mechanical constraints the duplexers cannot be interchanged between Channels 1 and 2. The duplexers would be fitted in the chassis as seen below. The symmetry is more obvious from this view. As mentioned earlier, in addition to the normal duplexing function the LNA is integrated into the duplexer. The power supply (+5V) for channel 1 and 2 LNAs are provided by the red and black twisted cable seen connecting the top corner of the duplexers to the RF printed circuit board. In this view Channel 1 is seen on the left side of the radio and Channel 2 on the right. With the radio MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 27 closed Channel 1 can always be identified as being closest to the green power connector. In addition, Channel 1 is associated with the horizontal polarisation which is indicated on the chassis by an H next to the RF connector. MiMOMax Tornado Duplexers in Chassis There are 3 sub-bands of duplexer to cover the entire 400-470MHz switching range. The sub-bands are 400 - 430MHz, 420

- 450MHz and 440 - 470MHz. The chassis will need to be opened to gain access to the duplexer. The front panel will need to be removed first. The front panel is fixed to the chassis with two screws. A T8 Torx driver will be required to remove the screws. The eight screws in the chassis can then be removed using a T20 Torx driver. Water sealing within the chassis will need to be preserved. There is a main seal (not shown) that fits within the two halves of the chassis and two rubber O-rings that sit on pillars within the unit as shown above. 7.3.1 Tools/Equipment Required Network analyser or Spectrum analyser with tracking generator or other suitable frequency sweeping set up covering 400 ~ 470MHz

+5V Power Supply (if removing duplexer from radio) Leads and adaptors to connect measuring equipment to type N female and type N Male and the load to SMB male 50ohm SMB load Fine blade tuning tool for Notch Trimmer, recommend Voltronics TT-400 Long noise pliers for removing the RF semi-flexible coax connectors T6 Screwdriver for Tuning Slugs T8 Screwdriver for removing Front Panel T20 Screwdriver for removing Chassis Screws 5mm Spanner for Tightening Lock Nuts Callipers to check slug height N-Type 19mm Hex Socket (for removing duplexer from chassis, N-type nut removal) T10 Screwdriver (if removing duplexer from chassis, duplexer mounting screws) MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 28 7.3.2 Procedure 1. Remove the 8x T20 screws from the perimeter of the radio. 2. Pull the 2 clamshell halves away from each other, separating them at the interface end and pivoting at the other end. Ensure that you dont lose the two small O-ring seals which sit on chassis pillars as shown above. 3. Disconnect the 4x SMB connectors from the RF Board. Long nose pliers are the best tool to remove the connectors otherwise it can be difficult to grip the connector. Dont simply pull or leaver up the cable as this will damage the coax at the SMB interface. You can use the SMB connectors on the semi-flexible coax as the test interface by using the appropriate SMB male adapter. This can be more convenient than removing the entire duplexer from the chassis. 4. Calibrate/set up the network analyser to the desired frequency band. It helps to limit the source power to -15dBm so as not to overload the LNA in the Rx path. Channel 1 and 2 Duplexer 7.3.2.1 To Calibrate the TX Side 1. Refer to the above figure. Connect Port 1 to TX Port, connect Port 2 to Antenna Port, Connect 50ohm Load to Rx Port, Connect +5V (If you keep the duplexer in the chassis, with +5V connected, you can use the radio +5V by powering the radio unit during calibration). 2. Ensure TX and Rx duplexer is completely detuned away from the frequency of operation. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 29 3. With TX frequency set to marker 1, Tune 2Tx to peak at marker 1 (note #TX represents the tuning slug and is marked on the printed circuit board). When tuning ensure that the slug height is not greater than 5.6mm higher than the printed circuit board, otherwise the slug will contact the chassis. 4. Tune 3TX peak such that two peaks are centred around Marker 1 5. Tune 1TX and 4TX such that the pass band (S21) and return loss (S11) are within acceptable limits. Acceptable limits will vary across the band. As a guide a pass band loss of approximately 3.4dB and return loss of greater than 18dB are considered acceptable. 6. Tune notch trimmer, TP2, such that Marker 2 is in the centre of the notch. You should target at least 60dB of notch rejection; however, this will increase to approximately 65dB of rejection when the Rx side is tuned. 1. Ensure the source power from the VNA is less than -15dBm for the Rx port to avoid overloading the LNA on the 2. Connect Port 1 to the Antenna Port, connect Port 2 to Rx Port, connect a 50ohm load to TX Port, Connect +5V. 7.3.2.2 To Calibrate the Rx Side duplexer printed circuit board. 3. Ensure Rx is completely detuned. 4. Tune 2RX to peak at Marker 2. 5. Tune 3RX to peak such that two peaks are centred around Marker 2. 6. Tune 1RX and 4RX such that the pass band (S21) and return loss (S11) are within acceptable limits. Acceptable limits will vary across the band. As a guide a pass band gain of approximately 10.5dB and return loss of greater than 15dB are considered acceptable. 7. Tune notch trimmer, TP1, such that Marker 1 is in the centre of notch. You should target at least 50dB of notch rejection. In addition to the gain of 10.5 the total notch rejection relative to the pass band will be greater than 60dB. 8. Recheck TX Tuning to ensure that the Rx hasnt upset the match and to confirm that the TX notch depth is approx. 65 dB or greater. If the TX match has changed it is likely that 1TX will need to be re-tuned to correct for the Rx interaction. 9. Once both channels have been re-tuned then reconnect the four duplexer coax cables to the RF board, reconnect

+5V and assemble the chassis. Ensure the two O-ring seals are fitted and the main radio seal around the perimeter of the unit is seated firmly in its channel on the digital side of the clam shell. Once the radio is reassembled proceed with power calibration as per Section 6.5. 7.4 RSSI CALIBRATION The RSSI and AGC control voltage are in linear relationship, as shown in formula 1. RSSI = A x Vagc + B

(1) Where A represents the slope of the curve and B is the offset. To find out A and B value we need two points (RSSI1, Vagc1) and (RSSI2, Vagc2), which are obtained by applying -50dBm and -90dbm signal at the receiver and recording the AGC voltage respectively. Error! Reference source not found. shows the RSSI Calibration page (Calibration > RSSI Calibration. The RSSI calibration can be easily achieved by following the instruction step by step. Below is the summary of the procedure. 1. Connect signal generator via a 30dB attenuator to Channel 1 receiver. 2. Set signal generator level so that -50dBm can be measured at the receiver input. Choose un-modulated carrier for the input signal. 3. Select Rx1 in the CCMS page. 4. Select -50dBm in the CCMS page. 5. Click Read in the CCMS page. 7. Select -90dBm in the CCMS page. 6. Set signal generator level so that -90dBm can be measured at the receiver input. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 30 8. Click Read in the CCMS page. 9. Click Calculate in the CCMS page. 10. Click Save in the CCMS page. 11. Connect signal generator via a 30dB attenuator to Channel 2 receiver. 12. Repeat Step 2 to 10 for the Channel 2 receiver. RSSI Calibration Page 7.5 REFERENCE CALIBRATION In order for the radio to maintain an accurate frequency reference calibration of the radios frequency reference is recommended to be checked after three years. 7.5.1 Equipment required for reference calibration An accurate 10 MHz source is needed, with a level between -5 and +20 dBm A MiMOMax GPIO/Ref/Alarm cable A connection to the radios CCMS 7.5.2 How to calibrate the reference 1. Feed the 10 MHz source into the reference inputs of the GPIO/Ref/Alarm connector (Brown and Red wires on the MiMOMax GPIO/Ref/Alarm cable). Note: the reference signal is differential, but it does not normally cause any problems if a non-differential signal is used, treat one of the differential connections as ground in this case. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 31 2. In CCMS, navigate to Calibration > Reference Calibration. 3. Click Start. If the calibration is successful the message, A 10 MHz reference has been found. The calibration process was successful will be displayed. Reference calibration MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 32 8 RADIO REFERENCE INFORMATION 8.1 MECHANICAL DIMENSIONS AND MOUNTING This section describes the dimensions of the Tornado radio unit and the various methods of mounting. 8.1.1 Dimensions Mechanical Dimensions (All units are in mm) 8.1.2 Mounting The radio unit can be mounted in Rack, Pole, Wall or DIN mount configurations. Each of these styles of mounting can be further customised further by collocating or separating aspects such as batteries and power supplies. There are advantages and disadvantages for each scenario. 33 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 8.1.2.1 Rack Mount The Rack mount kit is designed to be used to mount the Tornado into a standard 19 rack enclosure, occupying 1U of rack height. Tools required are a #2 Philips screwdriver. Assembled and exploded view of the Tornado rack mount 8.1.2.2 Pole Mount The pole mount kit can be used to mount the tornado onto a pole with a diameter between 23 and 51 mm. If the tornado is mounted outside, then the weather proof hood must be used. Tools required are a #2 Philips screwdriver and a 10 mm spanner. Assembled and exploded view of the Tornado pole mount 8.1.2.3 Wall Mount The wall mount kit can be used to mount the Tornado to an existing structure, or even to a large diameter wooden pole. If the Tornado is mounted outside, then the weather proof hood must be used. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 34 Tools required are a #2 Philips screwdriver, and R2 square drive. The supplied wall screws are of Walldog type. They do not require a drill bit for wood, but a 5mm drill bit will be required to insert the mounting screws into concrete, brick or stone. A 5.5mm masonry bit may be required for especially hard material. Assembled and exploded view of the Tornado wall mount 8.1.2.4 DIN mount The Tornado can also be mounted to a Top hat style DIN rail (EN 50022). Tools required are a #2 Philips screwdriver. Assembled and exploded view of the Tornado DIN mount 8.1.2.5 Weatherproof hood The weatherproof hood can be used to protect the Tornado interfaces from dust or moisture ingress. It needs to be used whenever the unit is mounted in an outdoor environment or in adverse conditions. When installing the hood, orientate it so that the power label on the hood is on the same side as power label on the radio unit. Do not over tighten the screws or glands. The Tornado then is to be mounted vertically with the glands oriented downwards, as seen belowError! Reference source not found.. 35 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Exploded view of the weatherproof hood Mounting orientation of the weatherproof hood 8.1.2.6 Mounting holes If other mounting options are desired, the mounting holes described as shown below can be used directly. Ensure that bolts of the correct diameter and depth are used, otherwise damage may occur. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 36 Mounting hole size, depth and location 8.2 INPUT AND OUTPUT This section describes the general I/O of the device. It includes an overview of all connectors as well as LEDs and other relevant electrical parameters. Refer to the Tornado serial manual for detailed information on the use of the serial interfaces. Radio Connections and LEDs MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 37 8.2.1 Connectors Antenna/Duplexer ports (2x N connectors) The radio unit is a 2x2 MIMO unit with internal duplexers. This means each N connector is both a transmit and a receive port. In order to aid in diagnostics, the left port should be connected to the vertical antenna polarisation while the right port is connected to the horizontal polarisation. Be careful that feeders connected to the N connectors are not over tightened. Two shielded RJ45 sockets provide the Ethernet connection(s). Shielded cable is not normally required. Two shielded RJ45 sockets provide serial port connection. Power connector A Phoenix Contact MSTB 2, 5 HC connector provides the Power Connection. A JST S12B-EH connector has the GPIO, Alarm and Reference connections. Ethernet Serial GPIO Earth A chassis earth point is provided. USB host (USB-M) USB device (USB-S) 8.2.2 LED Behaviour Power LED (Green) An A-type USB connector provides the connection to the USB host port (software support will be developed in the future). A mini B type USB connector provides the connection to the USB device port (software support in future). The power LED is located on the right of the front panel. The LED lights up when power is applied. Link LED (Green) NDL: The Link LED lights up when an RF link is active. RRU: The Link LED has four different modes of operation each indicating a different RF link state. It is off when the RRU is not detecting a signal from the BRU. It will flash with a 50 percent duty cycle at 1 Hz when the radio is synchronised with the BRU. A pattern of two flashes followed by a gap will repeat at 1 Hz once a downlink is established. And finally, it will be constantly on once a full duplex link is established. BRU: The Link LED operates with a time out of approximately two minutes. Every time communication occurs between the BRU and one of its RRUs the timer will reset. Regular communication between the units will be indicated by this LED remaining on. During boot up (proximally 10 seconds after power is applied) the LED will flash at a rate of 1Hz to indicate that the radio is in its boot up process. Once boot up is complete, the LED will flash when the radio is in an Alarm state. Each Ethernet port has a green and an orange LED. The green LED flashes when the port is receiving data. The orange LED is off when the port is 10 Mbit/s and on when it is 100 Mbit/s. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Alarm LED (Red) Ethernet LEDs 38 8.2.3 Essential Power Requirements 8.2.3.1 Voltage Range The operating input voltage range of the power supply is 10.5 to 60 VDC. This means that the voltage must not rise above 60 VDC under idle conditions or fall below 10.5 VDC at full load. 8.2.3.2 Static Power Input The typical power drawn when the transmitter is active is about 21W (maximum 26W). This occurs when the two transmitter channels are operating at full power. The power drawn via the internal switching regulators is nearly independent of supply voltage, except for some additional converter loss at the top end of the voltage range, so that the input current to the RU is almost inversely proportional to supply voltage, e.g. approximately 2.4A at 10.5V or 0.5A at 56V This needs to be considered when the power source is remote from the RU and cable loss is a factor. Input Source Voltage (S) Average Current in Amperes = Iavg = 25/S Circuit Breaker Current in Amperes = Imcb =

1.5*Iavg 10.5 Volts 24 Volts 48 Volts 56 Volts 2.4 Amps 1.1 Amps 0.6 Amps 0.5 Amps Table 1: Current draw 3.6 Amps 1.7 Amps 0.9 Amps 0.8 Amps 8.2.3.3 Starting Current As long as the power supply can supply the static power it should be able to provide sufficient current during start-up. 8.2.3.4 Supply Polarity (Isolated Power Supply) Both the positive and negative connections of the power supply are isolated from the case and other circuitry. The standard DC power cable supplied with an RU is twin 1.5mm (16AWG), approximately 2m long, terminated at the RU end with a Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5 HC plug. This cable is wired to pins 1 (positive) and 2 of the plug, which employs screw terminal contacts. Pin 1 Positive (Red) Pin 2 Negative (Black) Power supply connector 8.2.3.5 Grounding The radio unit case must be grounded through an external earth strap. Generally, this is done to the local rack frame, which in turn should be part of a well-designed station grounding system. This internal grounding is designed for EMC and transient protection currents. The RU casting is tapped to take a M4 x 8mm screw for grounding purpose. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 39 8.2.3.6 Supply Noise Regardless of the EMC provisions in the equipment, power wiring from the DC source should not be shared with other equipment that may introduce excessive noise. Nor should the power cables to the RU be run alongside cables that connect to other equipment that may produce high current noise or transients, e.g. power relays. 8.2.3.7 Operating from AC Mains:

AC-DC desktop power supplies are available from MiMOMax with the required power. 8.2.3.8 Choice of power supply cable size Table 2 indicates the maximum length of cable that can be used for given supply voltages and cable sizes. It also includes the maximum loop resistance, so that other combinations can be checked. Cable length was calculated for 80% power transfer efficiency (or 10.5 volts at the radio, in the case of a 12V supply) with a 26-watt load and supply Vmin. The value used for resistivity of copper was at 70 Celsius. This table is a guide only. Always check the cable manufactures data before detailed engineering. Cross sectional area (mm2) Approx. AWG Supply voltage 12V

(Vmin = 11v) 24V

(Vmin = 18v) 48V

(Vmin = 36v) 1.85 2.5 41 61 14 13 10 8 9m 13m 20m 30m 0.2 92m 125m 369m Max loop resistance 2.0 8 Table 2: Recommended maximum cable length for a given supply cable size Note 1: The Phoenix Contact MSTB 2,5 HC plug can support stranded wire with a cross sectional area between 0.2 mm2 and 2.5 mm2 Longer cable runs will therefore need to use a distribution block, and cable with a smaller size for the final connection. 8.2.3.9 Power over Ethernet The Tornado product supports passive power over Ethernet through the use of external splitters and injectors, these devices use the spare Ethernet pairs on Cat5 cable (or better) to carry the power supply passively to the radio over the Ethernet cable. If the Ethernet cable greater than 20m is used a supply voltage of 48V should be used, at a distance of 20m or less a 24V supply can be used. The supply current should be kept under 1A when using power over Ethernet including accounting for voltage drop over the cable. A 48V AC-DC power supply suitable for use with the MiMOMax implementation of PoE is available. The PoE Injector shown below is used to introduce the DC power to unused pairs. The PoE and splitter is then used to separate the Ethernet and power feeds from the Cat5 cable and provide them to the radio. A splitter with a sealed connector in conjunction with the weather proof hood (shown below) can be used to provide a waterproof connection to the radio. This allows a single Cat5 cable to be run to an outdoor mounted radio. PoE Injector MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 40 PoE Splitter Sealed PoE Splitter 41 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 8.2.4 Electrical Characteristics Parameter Power supply Input voltage Normal operation 10.5 Conditions Min Typical Max Units Power Consumption Idle, Tx off Power Consumption Tx Active Ethernet Tx Peak Differential voltage 100Base-Tx, 100 Ohm termination Tx voltage imbalance 100Base-Tx, 100 Ohm termination Tx Rise/Fall time 100Base-Tx Tx Rise/Fall imbalance 100Base-Tx Tx duty cycle distortion 100Base-Tx Tx Overshoot 100Base-Tx Tx Output Jitter 100Base-Tx, Peak to Peak Tx Peak Differential voltage 10Base-T, 100 Ohm termination Tx Output Jitter 10Base-T, Peak to Peak Rx Squelch Threshold 10Base-T, 5MHz square wave Serial Output Voltage swing Output short circuit current Input Voltage Input Low Threshold Input High Threshold Current Sinking Capability Input Impedance Alarm Input current (max) Temperature ambient =

+25 Temperature ambient =

+25 5VPC Output Current 200 GPIO Input voltage Input

-0.3 Output driving low 3 0

-60

-25 0.8 1.00 1.05 V

+/- 0.5 ns 5.5 20 0.7 2.4 1.4 400 1.5 1.8 60 7.6 26 2 5 0.5 5 1.4 11

+25 2.4 V W W

ns ns

ns V ns mV V V V V

+60 mA 200 mA 60 100 V mA 300 mA 109 kOhms Loaded with 3kOhms to ground

+/- 5

+/- 5.4 42 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Parameter Conditions Min Typical Max Units

-5

+20 Switching voltage (max) Reference input Reference output Level Frequency Level Frequency USB Host VBus Output Current Input voltage USB Device Input voltage Vbus 10 0 10 33 VDC dBm MHz dBm MHz 400 mA 5.25 V 5.25 5.5 V V Voltage on Dm and Dp pins

-0.3 Voltage on Dm and Dp pins Voltage on VBus pin Table 3: Electrical characteristics 43 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Interface ports 8.2.5 The radio unit has Ethernet and asynchronous serial interfaces as well as a General-Purpose Input/Output (GPIO). The GPIO connector incorporates an alarm and external reference. Various synchronous serial standards are also supported via external converter boxes. The serial pin out is briefly described in this document. Please refer to the manual for detailed information on configuring the units serial interfaces. 8.2.5.1 Ethernet The radio unit has dual 10/100Base-Tx ports which are connected to the CPU via a managed switch. The ports support auto MDI-X, auto negotiation, half & full duplex operation and flow control. These parameters can be configured in the network section of CCMS. Asynchronous Serial (RS232) 8.2.5.2 The Tornado RS232 pin out is as per the EIA/TIA 561 standards. Note: this is different to older MiMOMax products. Signal Name Pin number 6 5 7 8 4 5VDC 1 Out of Radio Direction In to radio Out of radio Out of Radio In to Radio n/a 8.2.5.3 GPIO/Alarm/REF The GPIO alarm and reference in/out signals are available via a 12-pin connector on the front of the tornado (see GPIO Connector below). A complete cable loom is available from MiMOMax, or alternatively the female connector required is a JST HRP-12-S. For pinouts see Table 4: GPIO pin out. Configuration of the GPIO should be performed using CCMS. See System > User GPIO for more information. The alarm provides both open and closed in alarm contacts and is isolated from the rest of the radio circuitry. The External reference input/output is an isolated differential pair. GPIO as analog input:

Rext = (Vmax - 12)*109k/12 The GPIO signals are all referenced to the Radio ground. Their linear range is 0-12V, but they will survive up to 60V. An external series resister can be used to provide a higher linear range using the following formula. Where Vmax is the maximum voltage that will be measured, 109k is the input impedance, and Rext is an external series resister between the voltage being measured and the tornado GPIO pin. Remember to round the resister value up to the nearest resistor value above the calculated value. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Tx Data Rx Data CTS RTS Ground 44 Next use the GPIO input calibration process to calibrate the system through the external resistor. This process will be based on a known voltage before the resistor. GPIO as digital output:

The GPIO pins provide an open collector output, which can be used to drive a relay or generate a level. The current can be up to 100 mA. GPIO Input Circuit GPIO Output Circuit Pin number Colour on MiMOMax cable n/a Brown Red Orange Yellow Green Blue Violet Grey White Black n/a 1 2 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 GPIO Ground (Radio Ground) 4 Signal Name Not Connected Ext Ref n Ext Ref p GPIO_4 GPIO_3 GPIO_2 GPIO_1 Open in Alarm Alarm Comm Closed in Alarm Not Connected 45 Table 4: GPIO pin out MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 8.2.6 RF Specification General Configuration Connector type Ambient Temperature Range GPIO Connector 2x2 MIMO N-Type, 50 Ohms

-30OC to +60OC Horizontal mount, all products or -30OC +70 OC for a vertically mounted RRU Base Gross Data Rate 50 kHz 160 kbps Full-duplex

(QPSK) 25 kHz 80kbps Full-duplex Upgradable Gross Data Rate 12.5kHz 40kbps Full-duplex 50 kHz 320/480/640 kbps Full-duplex

(16/64/256 QAM) 25 kHz 160/240/320kbps Full-duplex 12.5kHz 80/120/160kbps Full-duplex Receiver Modulation Number of MIMO Receivers 2 QPSK/16/64/256QAM Symbol Rate 50 kHz 240k symbols/sec 25 kHz 2x20k symbols/sec 12.5 2x10k symbols/sec 46 MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Modulation sensitivity1 for 10-4 BER 50 kHz

-111/-104/-98/-91 dBm (700 MHz and 900 MHz)

-111/-104/-97/-92 dBm (VHF) 25 kHz

-114/-107/-101/-94dBm (400 MHz, 700 MHz and 900 MHz) -114/-107/-101/-95 dBm (VHF) 12.5kHz

-117/-110/-104/-97dBm (400, 700 and 900 MHz)

-117/-109/-103/-97 dBm (VHF) Modulation sensitivity1 for 10-7 BER

-109/-102/-96/-89 dBm (700 MHz and 900 MHz)

-109/-102/-95/-90 dBm (VHF) 50 kHz 25 kHz

-112/-105/-99/-92dBm (400, 700 and 900 MHz)

-112/-105/-99/-93dBm (VHF) 12.5kHz

-116/-108/-102/-96dBm 400, 700 and 900 MHz)

-115/-107/-101/-95dBm (VHF) Frequency Range 400 to 470 MHz, 757 to 758 and 787 to 788 MHz, 806 to 960 MHz, 136 to 174 MHz Frequency Step Size 5kHz & 6.25 kHz selectable 12.5kHz, 25 kHz (400 MHz), 12.5 kHz, 25 kHz and 50 kHz (700 and 900 MHz, VHF)

-10dBm/QPSK

+20dBm 2 Nominal load impedance 50 Ohms Require better than 1.5:1 VSWR (-14 dB return loss) QPSK/16/64/256QAM 50 kHz 2x40 k symbols/s 25 kHz 2x20 k symbols/s 12.5kHz 2x10 k symbols/s 2 x +24 dBm average +/-1.5 dBm, (+2/-3 at Extreme Temp.)

>20 dB 0.5 dB 400 to 470 MHz, 757 to 758 and 787 to 788 MHz, 806 to 960 MHz, 136 to 174 MHz Better than +/-1 ppm 47 Nominal Channel Bandwidth Maximum Signal Level Absolute Maximum Input Level Transmitter Number of MIMO Transmitters Modulation Symbol Rate RF Power Output RF Power Control Range RF Power Control Resolution Frequency Range Frequency Accuracy and Stability Transmitter (continued) MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual

>60 dB

>60dB

>70dB Bandpass Tx Occupied BW 50 kHz 40 kHz 25 kHz 20kHz 12.5kHz 10kHz Adjacent Channel Power Ratio

(ACPR) Transient ACPR Intermodulation Rejection Internal Duplexer Type Tx/Rx Split Frequency Range Stop Band Attenuation Pass Band Bandwidth 5MHz minimum (400 MHz), 30 MHz (700 MHz), 9 MHz minimum (900 MHz) 400-430MHz, 420-450MHz, 440-470MHz

>60dB @ >5MHz from centre (400 MHz), >75 dB

(700 MHz), >60 dB @ >9Mhz from centre) (900 MHz) 2MHz (-0.5dB) (400 MHz), 3 MHz (-0.5 dB)

(700MHz), 4 MHz (-0.5 dB) (900 MHz) 1. Sensitivity as specified includes forward error correction and internal duplexer loss. Note that systems employing adaptive modulation (e.g MDL or MCAM) will automatically reduce the modulation order at a signal level higher than the specified sensitivity level. This will maintain the lowest possible error rate. Table 5: RF characteristics 8.2.6.1 Site Engineering For personal safety and equipment reliability reasons the following must be adhered to:

The equipment must be powered from a power supply complying with the requirements of IEC 60950-1 including compliance with sub clause 7.4 Insulation between primary circuits and cable distribution systems. On site ground networks must be created in accordance with ITU-T Recommendation K.27: Protection against Interference;

Bonding Configuration and Earthing inside a telecommunications building. It is recommended that the radio unit is installed in a dry, dust-free room. If this is not possible then the waterproof boot must be fitted to protect the unit. A thermal study should be carried out for each site to check and ensure that thermal conditions within the enclosures do not go beyond the radio units operating limit. If the temperature of the site is known to exceed the operating limits of the unit, then the enclosure must have an air conditioning, or a forced air system installed to stabilise these excursions. Lightning protection is important to ensure the protection of the tower, antenna and the radio equipment hardware. Below shows the point earthing concept recommended. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual Power supply Grounding Equipment location Equipment ventilation Lightning protection 48 The technique recommended to protect the radio unit, antenna, feeder and tower uses earthing kits in strategic places. The key points are: adjacent to the feeder connector at the antenna, where the feeder leaves the base of the tower and where the feeder enters the building structure. If earthing kits supplies are limited or connection to an earth point is difficult, then order of importance of the earthing locations is as follows:

(a) For a top mounted antenna acting for lightning protection:

1. 2. 3. At antenna connection point. At the tower base. At the entry to the building.

(b) For a general mounting of antenna:

1. 2. 3. At the entry to the building. At the tower base. At the antenna connector. Earthing kit 45 cone of protection Coax to cabinet Polyphase discharge unit 1/2" heliax cable Earthing kits Lightning protection A gas discharge unit is required to release high voltage charges developed between the cable inner and outer. There are two types available, a transmitting and a receiving variant. The transmitting variant is the larger. It is very important that these variants are not confused because the lower discharge potential rating for the receiver unit will be triggered by transmitting voltages. This will cause a high VSWR and poor performance. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 49 8.3 INSTALLATION Three styles of system installation are shown belowError! Reference source not found.. Of these, (a) has the lowest RF losses and the highest efficiency of power supply to the RU. However, mounting of the battery equipment up the pole may be considered a disadvantage from a mechanical or installation viewpoint. In (b), the RF losses are still low, but the DC power losses are highest, whilst in (c) the DC losses are minimised and access is convenient but at the expense of RF performance. Option (b) may also be achieved using Power over Ethernet (PoE) which is described further in section 8.2.3.9. Typical pole and rack mounting options for the radio unit Note: refer to section 8.2.6.1 for grounding and lightning protection considerations. Regardless of the mounting configuration used, the appropriate site engineering must be undertaken. Site engineering must consider safety aspects such as grounding and lightening protection but also needs to take performance parameters such as antenna location, antenna separation and other RF sources. Please contact MiMOMax if more information in these areas is required. A comprehensive source of information and guidance on general site engineering issues has been published by ETSI: EG 200 053 v1.5.1, 2004/06 Electromagnetic compatibility and Radio spectrum Matters (ERM); Radio site engineering for radio equipment and systems. It is highly recommended that this freely available ETSI document be studied in detail, in conjunction with this manual. MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual 50 8.4 COMPLIANCES RF Bands 400-470MHz Radio Performance ACMA Spectrum Impact FCC 47CFR part 90 IC Canada ETSI EN 300-113 AS/NZS/CISPR22 EN301 489 FCC 47CFR part 15 IEC 60950-1: 2005, Am 1: 2009 757-758 & 787-788 MHz FCC 47CFR part 27 FCC 47CFR part 15 60950-22 Outdoor Safety IEC 60950-1: 2005, Am 1:2009 806 to 960 MHz FCC 47CFR part 101 IC Canada (RSS-119) EMC Safety RF Bands Radio Performance Environmental EMC Safety RF Bands Radio Performance 51 EMC Safety FCC47CFR part 15 IEC 60950-1: 2005, Am 1: 2009 Table 6: Compliances MiMOMax Wireless Ltd Tornado Product Manual

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MiMOMax Wireless Limited @) 540 Wairakei Rd i Christchurch 8053 New Zealand wireless Morlab Communications Technologies Co., Ltd Post 518101 Shenzhen CHINA Date: 7 Sep 2018 SUBJECT: Test Frequencies Selection. (FCC ID: XMK-MMXTRNBOOS) To whom it may concern The selected frequencies, transmit of 806.00625MHz, 815.0000MHz, 823.9875Mhz, 851.00625MHz, 860.0000MHz and 868.9875MHz on which testing was carried out were chosen so as to be representative of a licensed frequency within the band allocations specified in 47CFR Part 90(b)(c). The selected frequencies are believed to be representative of the performance of the radio across the frequency range that certification is being sought. This decision was made based upon pretesting that showed that the performance of the radio is constant/identical across the operating range of the MiMOMax transceiver model type MWL-TORNADO-*E A/B/C*. Yours sincerely Signatory:

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Contact name: Doug McConnell Title: Chief Technology Officer Tel: +64 21 312766 Email: doug. mcconnell@mimomax.com Company name: MiMOMax wireless Limited

MiMOMax Wireless Limited ea aa O Mex 540 Wairakei Rd - wireless Christchurch 8053 New Zealand Date: 7 September 2018 To: Federal Communications Commission Authorization & Evaluation Division, 7435 Oakland Mills Road, Columbia, MD 21046 FCC ID: XMK-MMXTRNB0OO5 - USB Port Declaration To whom it may concern This letter is to attest that the port marked USB has not been included in the CFR 47 Part 15 section 15.209 testing of the above mentioned device. Presently the USB port is only intended for use with plug-in USB devices. An example of such a device would include, but is not limited to, USB memory devices. The USB port will not be connected as a peripheral device to a computer. The USB port is currently not configured, as the necessary drivers are not available and additional uses have not yet been considered and developed. It is possible that the USB port maybe configured for additional uses in the future at which time the compliance issues relating to this port will be re-assessed. Yours Sincerely, Signatory:

Contact name: Doug McConnell Title: Chief Technology Officer Tel: +64 21 312766 Email: doug.mcconnell@mimomax.com Company name: MiMOMax wireless Limited