FCC ID: 2AJJ3SRTLAN25X X-Band Marine Radar

Symbol Description Dangerous AIS target indicated with bold line and with red color. The symbol flashes until the target alarm is acknowledged by the operator Lost AIS target, indicated with crossed lines centered on the target symbol. The symbol is located at the last received position from the target Associated target - using AIS data AIS SART (AIS Search And Rescue Transmitter) AIS Base station Real AtoN (Aids To Navigation) Virtual AtoN For a complete list of AIS and AtoN symbols, refer to "Target symbols" on page 70. Note: A symbol is drawn with a dashed line if the collision avoidance cannot be calculated. AIS target filters You can select to filter the icons based on AIS class, range and target speed. AIS and radar target association When an echo with its AIS symbol on top is being acquired for tracking, the system can detect that the two symbols represent the same target with the target association function. When the function is activated, the radar target and the AIS target are associated. You select whether to use source data from the AIS target or from the tracked radar target. Associated targets - using AIS data Associated targets - using radar data This function is useful for reducing the number of AIS symbols and radar targets on the PPI. Too many targets could clutter the screen and result in dangerous situations. The function Targets | R5000 Operator manual 41

+also compensates for a possible failure in one of the two targets, e.g. if the radar tracked target is positioned behind an island, the system keeps tracking and visualizing the AIS target. Note: The tracked radar target continues to be analyzed by the system when the target association is active. Displaying target information The vessels dialog The vessels dialog displays a list of all AIS and MARPA targets. By default, the dialog lists targets, arranged by distance to own vessel. You can select to change the sort order, and to display only a selected target type. The vessels dialog also lists received AIS messages. To display the vessels dialog:

press and hold the AIS key select the data option in the menu AIS vessel details Detailed information about an AIS target is available from the AIS vessels details dialog. To display the dialog:

select the AIS additional information option in the target menu select an AIS target in the vessels dialog 42 Targets | R5000 Operator manual Training simulator The training function is used to train the operator on manual radar target acquisition, on target selection and on the tracking procedures. The function is activated from the menu. When started the system replays a pre-loaded file, simulating a target with constant speed and course approaching own vessel. The training target's speed is as per the pre-loaded file, and it cannot be altered by the user. The CPA and TCPA depends on the simulated target's speed and own vessel's speed. A flashing S is shown on the lower part of the screen as long as the function is active to warn that training simulation is running. You can perform all tracking operations on the simulated target. The CPA and TCPA of the training target is automatically tested by the system. Alerts are raised in case of a malfunctioning of the tracking software:

Training Tgt CPA Out of Range: if the difference between theoretical and target displayed CPA is greater than 0.5NM Training Tgt TCPA Out of Range: if the difference between theoretical and target displayed CPA is greater than 30sec The radar will return to default operation as soon as the training option is turned off from the menu. Targets | R5000 Operator manual 43 9 Navigation tools Tracking zones The tracking zone function allows for automatic acquisition of radar and AIS targets when they enter a user defined zone ahead or around your vessel. Two tracking zones can be defined, each with individual settings. When a target enters a zone, it will automatically be considered as safe or dangerous based on the CPA/TCPA settings. Two types of tracking zones are available. Guard zone When a target enters a guard zone the following happens:

warning about new target and warning about target being in zone are activated radar targets are acquired and AIS targets activated the target icon turns red and flashing When the warning about new target is acknowledged, the icon stops flashing. The icon remains red until the target leaves the guard zone. The color of the border line of a guard zone is defined by the user. Auto acquisition zone When a target enters an auto acquisition zone the following happens:

warning about new target is activated the target icon turns red and flashing radar targets are acquired and AIS targets activated When the warning is acknowledged, the target change to basic target icon and color depending on its status (save or dangerous). The border line of an auto acquisition zone is white. Defining a tracking zone 1 2 3 Turn ON the tracking zone you want to define The tracking zone lines are displayed on the radar PPI Select the adjust option The tracking zone lines turns to dashed lines to indicate that you are in edit mode Define the guard zone options:

A: Range, relative to vessel center B: Depth C: Bearing, relative to vessel heading or to North D: Width 44 Navigation tools | R5000 Operator manual ABCD 4 Select the type for the zone Note: The line color is only applicable when the type is set to guard zone. The line color is always white if the type is set to auto acquisition. 5 Save the changes by selecting the finish adjusting option in the menu Note: If you exit the menu by pressing the exit key, the zone remains in edit mode. The lines remain with dashed lines, and the zone is not active. Parallel index lines Parallel Index (PI) lines are used to visualize the distance to own vessel, other vessels or to land objects. Two index lines can be used to indicate a corridor - typically used to visualize an area you want to maneuver within. The PI lines can be defined with north or heading stabilization, and with true or relative bearing. North stabilization: the line direction is maintained with respect to north Heading stabilization: the line rotates with the vessel heading True bearings: the parallel index bearing is measured from the geographical north Relative bearings: the parallel index bearing is measured from the heading line You can define four PI lines in the system, and they are identified with different color and style:

PI1: Grey solid line PI2: Grey dashed line PI3: Orange solid line PI4: Orange dashed line You can turn each PI line on and off individually, and the position, bearing and truncating can be set for each line. Each PI line can be reset to be parallel to own ship's heading from the main menu. Adjusting a PI line Each PI line's range and bearing are shown in PI lines submenu. You can adjust the line's settings from the selected line's Adjust menu option. The options described in the next sections are available. Adjusting range and bearing 1. Select the range or bearing menu options

- The slider bar is displayed 2. Turn the rotary knob or use the up/down arrow keys to increase or decrease the slider bar value

- The change is immediately committed and shown on the image 3. Press the exit key or the right arrow key to leave the edit mode Note: Max range for a bearing line is 12 NM. Navigation tools | R5000 Operator manual 45 1234 Truncating a PI line You can use the truncate menu option to extend or reduce an existing PI line. The end points of the line (A and B) are adjusted individually. 1. Select the truncate A or B option in the menu.

- The slider bar is displayed 2. Turn the rotary knob to extend or reduce the line 3. Press the exit key to confirm the selection Function activated End point adjusted Line truncated A line remains truncated until the restore length option is selected from the menu. PI line alignment A PI line can be parallel to port or starboard of the heading line, or to the port or starboard side of an EBL. Parallel to EBL is a way to quickly set the bearing of a PI line parallel to the EBL in use. The If the stabilization is set to heading, the PI line rotates as the vessel heading change line does not rotate if the EBL is changed later. EBL/VRM markers The EBL/VRM markers are a basic tool for collision avoidance. They are used to mark any fixed or moving radar target, and to measure distances between two objects. The reference point of an EBL/VRM marker is by default positioned at the center of the vessel. It is possible to offset the reference point to any selected position on the radar image to measure the distance between two objects on the PPI, or to fix the marker to a target. Two different EBL/VRMs can be placed on the radar image. They are identified as dashed rings/lines with different colors to discriminate them from each other and from the fixed range rings:

EBM/VRM1 is cyan EBL/VRM2 is blue The EBL presentation can be defined with true or relative presentation:

46 Navigation tools | R5000 Operator manual 222AB2 True motion: the reference is geographic (e.g. a coastal line or current own vessel position) Relative motion: the EBL follows a moving reference (own vessel or a moving target) The marker's line width indicates whether the marker is in edit mode (bold lines) or at a fixed position (thin lines). EBL/VRM1 OFF, function not active EBL/VRM1 ON, EBL in edit mode EBL/VRM1 ON, VRM in edit mode The EBL/VRM pop-up The content of the pop-up depends on status of the active EBL/VRM. The example shows the pop-up when the active EBL/VRM is offset. The adjustable parameter is indicated with blue text in the softkey. From the pop-up you can:

switch between active EBL/VRM 1 and EBL/VRM 2 marker turn ON/OFF displaying of the active marker switch between adjusting EBL and VRM for the active marker. You can also switch between adjustable parameter by pressing the rotary knob set EBL presentation (True or Relative) set offset for active marker reset an offset marker to vessel position select whether the EBL/VRM should be locked to own vessel or to a geographical position Turning the EBL/VRM marker on and off At system start-up, both EBL/VRM markers are turned off. Turn ON EBL/VRM 1 by pressing the EBL/VRM key once Switch between EBL/VRM 1 and EBL/VRM 2 from the function's pop-up Turn OFF an EBL/VRM from the function's pop-up Adjusting the EBL/VRM marker The text in the EBL/VRM short-cut button and the EBL/VRM marker's line width indicate which item that is in edit mode. EBL/VRM2 ON, function not in edit mode EBL/VRM1 and 2 ON, EBL1 in edit mode EBL/VRM1 and 2 ON, VRM1 in edit mode Navigation tools | R5000 Operator manual 47 When an EBL/VRM marker is in edit mode, the following options are available for adjusting the marker:

Use the arrow keys or mouse to move the EBL/VRM intersection Turn the rotary knob or left mouse key/scroll wheel to adjust the adjustable parameter

(bold line and blue text in softkey) Press the rotary knob or mouse scroll wheel to switch between adjusting EBL and VRM Offsetting EBL/VRM markers 1. Press the EBL/VRM key twice to display the pop-up 2. Select the set offset option

- The pop-up closes, and the cursor is positioned in the EBL/VRM center 3. Use the arrow keys to move the EBL/VRM center, then select one of the following options:

- Press the enter key to fix the marker to the selected position, then use the arrow keys to move the EBL/VRM intersection

- Turn the rotary knob to adjust the EBL

- Press the rotary knob to toggle between EBL and VRM, then turn the rotary knob or use the arrow keys to adjust the item that is editable You remove the EBL/VRM marker from the radar image by pressing the exit key. Measuring range and bearing Different options are available for measuring the position, speed, course, distance and bearing of radar echoes. Cursor position Range rings and bearing scale EBL (Electronic Bearing Lines) and VRM (Variable Range Markers) It is important to minimize the range to obtain the best precision for the measurement. In most cases you can use a higher range if you position the PPI in one of the off-center modes. Refer to "Offsetting the PPI center" on page 31. Note: Every measurement made with cursor or EBL/VRM is always referred to the Consistent Common Reference Point (CCRP). Using the cursor When you position the cursor over a target, the cursor information area will show range and bearing from the vessel to the cursor position. This measuring option gives a fast and precise measurement of distance to a target. Range rings and bearing scale Range rings and bearing scale are used to measure distance when a fast measurement is required. This measuring option only gives an approximate distance and speed of a target. The range scale (A) and the distance between two adjacent range rings (B) are shown in the System Information area on the radar image. The range scales, the related distance between the range rings and number of rings are:

Range (NM) Range rings interval (NM) Number of range rings 1/8 (200m) 1/4 1/2 3/4 1.5 3 6 12 1/40 (100m) 1/20 1/10 1/4 1/4 1/2 1 2 1 4 4 2 5 5 5 5 48 Navigation tools | R5000 Operator manual Range (NM) Range rings interval (NM) Number of range rings 24 36 48 64 72 4 6 8 16 12 5 5 5 3 5 Measuring by using EBL/VRM markers The Electronic Bearing Line (EBL) and Variable Range Marker (VRM) allows quick measurements of range and bearing from own vessel to a target, or between two targets on the PPI. Bearing and range are shown in the Markers panel (A). Measuring distance from own vessel 1. Press the EBL/VRM key to turn the selected EBL/VRM marker on 2. Repress the EBL/VRM key to display the pop-up if you need to:

- Select the EBL presentation (True or Relative)

- Reposition the marker to vessel position (if the center of the selected EBL/VRM is offset) 3. Use the arrow keys or turn the rotary knob to position the EBL/VRM on the second measuring point Measuring distance between two objects 1. Press the EBL/VRM key twice

- The selected EBL/VRM marker is turned on and the pop-up displayed 2. Select the EBL presentation (true or relative) 3. Select the set offset option 4. Use the arrow keys to reposition the EBL/VRM marker's center on the object from where you want to measure the distance 5. Press the enter key to confirm the position

- The cursor moves from the marker's center to the EBL/VRM intersection 6. Use the arrow keys or turn the rotary knob to move the EBL/VRM to the second measuring point

- Range and bearing from the EBL/VRM marker's center to cursor position is now displayed in the Markers panel You can reset the EBL/VRM marker's center to vessel position by selecting the reset offset option in the EBL/VRM pop-up. Navigation tools | R5000 Operator manual 49 10 Maps Maps are graphical navigation tools, composed of lines and symbols that can be added to the radar image. Maps are used to help the operator to increase the definition of the coast, restricted or dangerous areas. For maximum number of maps, symbols and segments, refer to "Technical specifications" on page 78. Note: The maps option must be enabled to be able to work with maps. The maps dialog The maps dialog lists all maps available in the unit's temporary memory and in the non-

volatile memory. Import stored map files from the unit's internal file system or from an SD card (A) From the maps dialog you can:

Select which maps that are displayed (B) Set a map's reference (C) Display the maps pop-up from where you can create new maps, edit, save, export and delete a map (D / E) Map references The system includes the follow map types:

Relative maps, which follows the position and equals the heading of own ship. All relative map coordinates are stored as distances from own ship Geographic maps. The coordinates for this type of maps are stored as geographic positions, and its elements are always drawn in the same absolute position. When a map is saved the system automatically calculates both relative and the geographic details for all map items. When you switch reference the change is immediately committed without having to save the map. Note: Relative maps cannot be created or imported if log or gyro is unavailable or failing. Note: Geographic maps cannot be created or imported if EPFS (Electronic Position Fixing System) or Gyro is unavailable or failing. A geographic map cannot be displayed if the ship is too far from the area of the map. 50 Maps | R5000 Operator manual Map colors and symbols Lines and map symbols can be presented in various colors. The following map symbols are available:

Sym bol Description Sym bol Description Sym bol Description Buoy North Area Caution Arrow W Buoy South Area Depth Arrow NW Buoy East Area Empty Sign Call Buoy West Area Ufo Sign Reminder Buoy Lateral Port Arrow N Buoy Lateral Stbd Arrow NE Buoy Special Buoy Danger Buoy Safe Arrow E Arrow SE Arrow S Buoy Unknown Arrow SW Creating a new map Nato 1 Nato 2 Nato 3 Nato 4 Nato 5 Nato 6 When the create map option is selected, a new map is immediately saved to the unit's temporary memory. The map name is defined by the system, and the visibility is set to ON. Note: The new map has at this stage no content. Select the map name to display the keyboard if you want to give the map a unique name Set the map reference Select the menu option to enter map details. See "Modifying a map" on page 52. Maps | R5000 Operator manual 51 D??Saving a map New maps and edited maps are by default saved to the unit's temporary memory. The maps must be saved to be available in the unit after a restart. Modifying a map Any details for a map are added or edited from the maps pop-up menu. When an edit option is selected in the pop-up menu, the system turns into edit map mode. This is indicated on the PPI. To exit edit map mode:

Press the exit key Note: When you exit edit mode the changes are automatically saved to the temporary memory only. The maps must be saved to be available in the unit after a restart. Edit map details Map details are added or edited from the edit map menu. The content of the edit map menu depends on where the cursor is positioned:

No map details at cursor position Map line at cursor position Vertex at cursor position Symbol at cursor position 1. Position the cursor where you want to add or edit a map detail 2. Press the enter key or the right mouse key to display the map edit menu, then select the edit option 3. Continue positioning the cursor and selecting the edit option until all changes are done 4. Press the exit key to leave the edit mode 52 Maps | R5000 Operator manual Rotating a map When the rotate option is selected, the cursor is positioned in the center of the PPI. Use the arrow keys to move the cursor and to rotate the map around the vessel's position Press the exit key to leave edit mode Shifting a map position When the shift option is selected, the cursor is positioned in the center of the PPI, and the map is anchored to the cursor. Use the arrow keys to move the cursor and to shift the map position Press the exit key to leave edit mode Exporting maps Maps listed in the maps dialog can be exported individually and used on other compatible radar units. Saved maps can also be copied from internal memory to a memory card from the files management system. Importing maps Compatible maps created on other units can be imported to the system. Imported maps are added to the units' non-volatile memory, and the maps are added to the list of loaded maps. Maps | R5000 Operator manual 53 11 Customizing radar control settings You can save several control settings in the system. The function is used for defining various conditions and user preferences. For recalling default control settings, refer to "Applying default control settings" on page 23. Customizing radar control settings table The following functions are included when you save a user setting:

Function Band Gain, Rain and Sea Tuning Range Fixed range rings VRMs EBLs Parallel index lines Display mode of PPI Stabilization Sea/Ground Off-centering Target trails Past position Radar target tracking Vector mode Vector time Graphical AIS reported target display Radar and AIS target function Operational alarms (except collision warnings) Collision warning Display of maps, navigation lines and routes Default setting X-band Automatic Automatic 6 NM Off One VRM on at 0.25 NM Off or last settings Off or last settings True motion, north up Ground (SOG, COG) Look ahead On, 6 minutes (same as vector) Off Continued Relative 6 minutes On Association On Off On (limits CPS 2 NM, TCPA 12 minutes) Last settings 54 Customizing radar control settings | R5000 Operator manual 12 Advanced options Rejecting radar interference The IR (Interference rejection) is used to eliminate second trace echoes from far distance targets, and the interference from radar units operating in the same frequency band. When the IR is ON, transceiver pulse staggering is enabled. When enabled, the transceiver PRF is changed slightly for each sweep. By doing this, spiral interferences and second trace echoes are split in range from sweep to sweep. The IR processing clears all the echoes found at the same range if they are not present in each sweep. The IR must be chosen according to the environment around own ship:

IR off when the maximum signal from the receiver is needed IR on when the interference or second trace echoes disturb the radar image To avoid missing weak targets, the interference rejection should be set to OFF when no interference exists. Noise rejection The Noise Rejection control sets the amount of noise filtering applied by the radar. Target sensitivity is increased at longer ranges when this control is set to Low or High, but does cause some loss of target discrimination. Target boost The target boost control increases pulse length, reduces radar bandwidth to make targets appear larger in range, and increase radar sensitivity. TGT expansion Target expansion increases the length of targets in range, making them easier to see. Fast scan Change the speed of the radar antenna rotation from 20 RPM in standard mode to 40 RPM in fast scan mode. This option gives faster target updates. Note: The fast scan option is not available for 12 feet X-band antennas and for HSC radar sensors. Advanced options | R5000 Operator manual 55 13 Trial maneuver The trial maneuver option is used to avoid dangerous situations when planning a maneuver in heavy traffic areas. The trial maneuver presents a graphical view of a simulated maneuver, including the predicted position of own vessel relative to tracked targets and AIS targets. Note: The best trial maneuver information is available when running the radar in Relative motion and with speed source stabilization set to Sea mode. Refer to "Relative motion" on page 30, and to "Selecting speed source" on page 20. Trial maneuver symbology When the trial maneuver is started, the trial symbol (A) and the countdown time (B) is added to the radar image. A Trial maneuver panel (C) is added to the radar panel. The target indication is according to the radar view settings and speed stabilization mode. The targets are indicated with actual position. Select a target to see its predicted position (E). The estimated motion line (EML) is then added between the two target positions. If you select a target's predicted position, the target name and the predicted position are added to the panel (D). Indication of a dangerous maneuver The following indications are used to indicate that a target's position is a dangerous at the end of the trial maneuver:

yellow color in the trial maneuver panel a relevant alarm flashing red target symbol 56 Trial maneuver | R5000 Operator manual Starting and stopping the trial maneuver You can start the trial maneuver from the menu when the final speed or final course is defined. You can at any time stop the trial maneuver. The function will automatically stop when the delay time has expired. Manually changing the trial maneuver settings The default trial maneuver settings are defined during commissioning of the vessel. The trial maneuver settings menu remains open after the function is started. If a maneuver is considered dangerous, you can adjust the speed and/or course to see how to avoid a dangerous situation. Trial maneuver | R5000 Operator manual 57 14 Maintenance General The system requires very little maintenance. The operator should inspect the equipment carefully and notice every possible anomaly, such as the integrity of the equipment, the presence of rust, missing paint, and loose screws. Monthly the operator should clean the equipment and remove dust, ash and grease with a soft cotton cloth and alcohol. Caution must be taken not to use solvent to clean plastic parts. For details about replaceable parts, refer to the separate installation manual(s). Performance monitor The performance monitor (PM) function is used for checking the performance of the transceiver, the waveguide and the antenna. Before the function is started you should set the range scale to 24 NM, tune the radar and adjust the gain control to about 90%. In this condition an intensified noise ring, positioned approximately at 24 NM should appear. The distance of the ring from the center is directly proportional to the TXRX transmitted output power. When the Magnetron has decreased 10 dB in peak power, the rings distance will decrease to about 12 NM range. The performance monitor is started from the main menu. The performance monitor ring should have a missing angular sector of some 60 to 80. This missing sector is due to the RF beam really transmitted by the antenna. Any RF power degradation between the magnetron and the antenna output results in a smaller angular ring interruption. When the angular sector is reduced below 30, the antenna section requires service. The rings width (thickness) is proportional to the tuning condition. The width of the ring for a good and correctly tuned radar will be approximately 2 NM. The rings strength (difference between background noise and rings noise) indicates the receiver noise figure. If the receiver noise figure degradation is more than 10 dB, it is not possible to distinguish the performance monitor ring from the background noise. Note: If sector blanking is enabled, the performance monitor ring will have missing sectors in the sector blanking areas. 58 Maintenance | R5000 Operator manual Radar data The Radar data dialog displays status for vital radar components. The system displays an alert when the magnetron has to be replaced. For replacement procedures refer to the separate Commissioning manual. Maintenance | R5000 Operator manual 59 15 The alert system The system continuously checks for dangerous situations and system faults while running. Type of alerts There are 3 alert types in the system:

Alarms: This is the system's highest priority alert, activated when a situation occurs that might result in a collision, or for conditions that critically effect the capability or performance of the system. An alarm is accompanied by an audible signal, and the alarm icon flashes until the alarm is acknowledged. Warnings: These are lower priority alerts, announcing conditions that could result in unwanted system response or eventual failure if no action is taken. A warning is accompanied by an audible signal (2 short signals, repeated as a Warning if not acknowledged). The warning icon flashes until the warning is acknowledged. Cautions: This is information about danger and caution objects that require attention. Cautions have no audible signal. Alert categories Each alert is - in addition to alert type - identified with an alert category. An alert's category decides the action required to rectify the alert. Action Cate-

gory A B Category A alerts can only be acknowledged on the radar control station. In general, all local alarms generated by a workstation are category A. Example:

Danger AIS target alarm. Category B alerts can be acknowledged on the BNWAS or BAM if these systems are connected. All global alarms generated by navigation systems are category B. Example: Gyro failure warning. Alert notifications When an alert is triggered, the alert appears in the Alerts panel. The alerts are displayed in a sorted order. The sort order is first by state (i.e. not acknowledged before rectified before acknowledged), then severity (i.e. alarm before caution), then age. Alarms and Warnings have different states:

Active - not acknowledged, not silenced Active - not acknowledged, silenced Active - acknowledged Active - responsibility transferred to another work station Rectified - not acknowledged When an alert has been both rectified and acknowledged, it will disappear from the Alerts panel. Cautions cannot be acknowledged, and they disappear from the alert list when the condition is rectified. A number of related alerts are aggregated and shown in the Alerts panel as one single item with the aggregation symbol (+) next to the alert symbol. The aggregated symbol shows the state as unacknowledged if at least one alert in the aggregated list is unacknowledged. Each alert in the list has to be acknowledged individually. The table below shows alert icons and behavior depending on alert state. 60 The alert system | R5000 Operator manual Alert type Icon State Indication Alarm Warning Active - not acknowledged, not silenced Active - not acknowledged, silenced Active -

acknowledged Active - responsibility transferred Rectified - not acknowledged Active - not acknowledged, not silenced Active - not acknowledged, silenced Active -

acknowledged Active - responsibility transferred Rectified - not acknowledged Caution Active Flashing symbol and descriptive text Audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text Audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal The alert system | R5000 Operator manual 61 Alert type Icon State Indication Active - not acknowledged, not silenced Flashing symbol and descriptive text Audible signal Alarm Warning Active -

acknowledged Rectified - not acknowledged Active - not acknowledged, not silenced Active - not acknowledged, silenced Active -

acknowledged Active - responsibility transferred Rectified - not acknowledged Caution Active Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text Audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Flashing symbol and descriptive text No audible signal Steady symbol and descriptive text No audible signal 62 The alert system | R5000 Operator manual Siren enabled By default, the audible alert signal is turned ON. You can select to disable the audible signal when service mode is active, but the audible signal will be enabled when service mode is deactivated. The Alerts dialog The Alerts dialog includes a list of active alerts together with a historic listing of the last alert state changes. Entries are added to the history whenever an alert is raised, acknowledged, rectified or cleared. All alerts in the Alerts dialog include a time stamp. External bridge alert systems The system supports Bridge Alert Management (BAM) and Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm Systems (BNWAS). Bridge Alert Management (BAM) All system alerts are transferred to the bridge alert system if this is connected to the system. An alert generated by the system - e.g. Danger target alarm - can only be acknowledged from the system itself. Global alarms - e.g. Position timeout or Gyro failure - can be acknowledged on both the system control unit and on the bridge alert system. Bridge Navigational Watch Alarm Systems (BNWAS) If a BNWAS is connected to the system, the system outputs an EVE sentence to the BNWAS when a user interaction with the system occurs. The EVE sentence remotely resets the BNWAS timer to confirm wheelhouse crew activity. The alert system | R5000 Operator manual 63 Alphabetic alert list Alert type abbreviations:

C: Caution W: Warning A: Alarm Alert text Description AIS Capacity 95%

AIS Capacity Full AIS FAIL AIS TGT in GZ AIS TGT Lost: #

BAM HBT Lost Dangerous AIS TGT Dangerous TT Door switch open EPFS FAIL Geodetic Datum FAIL GYRO FAIL AIS target processing/displaying is about to be exceeded. AIS capacity exceeded. AIS failure Not used AIS failure AIS Target in Guard zone AIS target # is lost BAM Heartbeat lost CPA or TCPA values of an activated AIS target less than set limits CPA or TCPA values of a tracked target less than set limits The radar enclosure is open due to maintenance. The radar is not operational Not used position source failure Position source failure Geodetic Datum failure Gyro failure Not used gyro failure Magnetron end of life reached Position invalid Position unavailable Heading Line FAIL Heading line failure Magnetron EOL POSN Invalid POSN Unavailable Radar Antenna FAIL RADAR FAIL REF TGT Lost Safety switch open The safety switch is open due to maintenance. Radar TXRX failure Reference target lost Radar antenna failure SOG FAIL Speed LOG FAIL The radar is not operational Speed Over Ground failure Not used speed LOG failure Speed LOG failure Speed longitudinal axis data failure SPD Long. Axis FAIL SPD Tran. Axis FAIL Speed transversal axis data failure STW FAIL Test alarm Speed Through Water failure The Test alarm is enabled to verify audible alarm operation Tracked target # within the vessel's guard zone TGT in GZ Type Cate-

gory C W W C W W C A A A C W W W C W C W W W W W A W C W W W W A W B A B B A A B A A A B B B B B B B B B B B A A B B B B B B A A 64 The alert system | R5000 Operator manual Alert text Description Train TGT CPA FAIL Training target CPA out of range Train TGT TCPA FAIL Trigger FAIL Training target TCPA out of range TT Capacity 95%

TT Capacity Full TT Lost: #

UTC Data FAIL Radar Video FAIL Trigger failure Tracked target processing/displaying is about to be exceeded Tracked target capacity exceeded Tracked target # is lost UTC data failure Radar video failure Type Cate-

gory W W W C W W W W A A B B A A B B Operating modes fallback The following table shows possible failure categories, and which operations that are allowed or not allowed when the failure occurs. Failure Possible alert Fallback arrangement Function Inhibited Heading failure GYRO FAIL Speed through water failure Speed LOG FAIL STW FAIL Course and speed over ground failure Speed LOG FAIL SOG FAIL EPFS speed FAIL Position input failure POSN Invalid POSN Unavailable Radar video input failure RADAR FAIL AIS Acquiring/Tracking radar targets Geographically referenced maps North Up/Course Up orientation True motion presentation True trails AIS True vectors Geographically referenced maps True motion presentation True trails AIS Geographically referenced maps Acquiring/tracking radar targets True motion/ True trails Radar video presentation Automatic switch to relative motion head-up mode Possible to set Manual speed Automatic switch to relative motion, relative vectors and sea stabilization Possible to display target information based on AIS data AIS input failure AIS FAIL AIS The alert system | R5000 Operator manual 65 16 Menu overview Main menu

>

... Access submenu Open dialog Level 1 Radar source View >

Maps Trial maneuver >

Apply default settings User settings >

TT/AIS >

Speed source >

66 Menu overview | R5000 Operator manual Level 2 Trials & PAST POSN >

Orientation Motion mode Reset offset Offset >

Vectors >

Cursor bearing Brilliance >

Current speed Final speed Current course Final course Rate of turn Direction Delay >

Start Reset Save settings >

Load settings >

Cancel all Cancel selected target Lost warning Range CPA/TCPA limit ... AIS >

Data ... Target ASSOC >

Training Stabilization Source Manual speed Drift/Set Drift Level 1 PPI symbols >

PI1 BRG Reset PI2 BRG Reset PI3 BRG Reset PI4 BRG Reset Zones PM Advanced >

Settings Settings menu

>

... Access submenu Open dialog Level 1 Access control System Radar Level 2 Set PI lines >

Maps ... Range rings Heading line Overlay graphic off Zone 1 Adjust Type Zone 2 Adjust Type IR Noise rejection Target boost TGT expansion Fast scan mode Level 2 Service mode Enter password ... Key beeps Time ... Remote controller Restore defaults ... Files ... Advanced ... Reboot device Registration ... About Installation Radar video palette Target trails palette Menu overview | R5000 Operator manual 67 Level 1 Position Alerts Units Network Own ship Simulator Level 2 Radar data Expanded PPI Satellites Ignore position quality Siren enabled Alerts ... Test alarm Distance small Own vessel rate of turn Info Control display units ... Sources ... Priorities table ... Device list Diagnostics NMEA 0183 >

Setup ... MMSI Own ship AIS data Trial maneuver Simulate Demo mode Files ... Advanced ... 68 Menu overview | R5000 Operator manual 17 O2000/O5000 Trackball, key function comparison Most functions can be operated both with the O2000 controller and with the O5000 Trackball unit. The table gives an overview of key operation for both units. Note: The cursor must be located over an open menu or over the quick access pop-up to be able to use the scroll function. Action Operate menu O5000 Trackball unit O2000 Activate Left key Scroll Scroll wheel Return to previous level Right key Exit Left key outside menu area Operate quick access keys Select Left key Open pop-up Right key Close pop-up Right key Scroll pop-up options Scroll wheel Select target Activate/de-activate AIS target Left key Acquire radar target Left key Display target menu Right key Enter key - single press Rotary knob or arrow keys Exit key - single press Exit key - press and hold Enter key - single press Enter key - single press Enter key - press and hold O2000/O5000 Trackball, key function comparison | R5000 Operator manual 69 18 Target symbols This section lists the target symbols used in this system. Symbol Description AIS Base station AIS SAR aircraft AIS SAR vessel AIS SART (AIS Search And Rescue Transmitter) AIS target - Dangerous, indicated with bold line and with red color. The symbol flashes until the target alarm is acknowledged by the operator AIS target - Lost, indicated with crossed lines centered on the target symbol. The symbol is located at the last received position from the target AIS target - Selected, indicated with a square (dotted line) around the target symbol AIS target - Sleeping, aligned with received heading information or with COG information if heading is not available AIS target, activated - True scaled outlines AIS target with heading line and SOG/COG (dotted line), and with indicated turn direction AIS target with heading line, SOG/COG (dotted line) and past track Associated target - using AIS data Associated target - using radar data Physical AIS AtoN, basic shape (AIS aids to navigation) Physical AIS AtoN - East cardinal mark Physical AIS AtoN - Emergency wreck mark 70 Target symbols | R5000 Operator manual Symbol Description Physical AIS AtoN - Isolated danger Physical AIS AtoN - North cardinal mark Physical AIS AtoN - Off position Physical AIS AtoN - Port hand mark Physical AIS AtoN - Racon failure Physical AIS AtoN - Racon Physical AIS AtoN - Safe water Physical AIS AtoN - South cardinal mark Physical AIS AtoN - Special mark Physical AIS AtoN - Starboard hand mark Physical AIS AtoN - Unlit (failure of lights) Physical AIS AtoN - West cardinal mark Radar target - Dangerous, indicated with bold line and with red color. The symbol flashes until the target alarm is acknowledged by the operator. It remains red until the system no longer defines it as a dangerous target Radar target - in acquisition state, indicated as a broken circle centered at the position of target acquisition Radar target - Lost, indicated with crossed lines centered on the target symbol. The symbol is located at the last received position from the target Radar target - Selected, indicated with a square (dotted line) around the target symbol Radar target - Tracked, with velocity vector Target symbols | R5000 Operator manual 71

+Off PosnRacon errUnlit Symbol Description Radar target with past position and velocity vector Reference target Signal station Virtual AIS AtoN, basic shape Virtual AIS AtoN - East cardinal mark Virtual AIS AtoN - Emergency wreck mark Virtual AIS AtoN - Isolated danger Virtual AIS AtoN - North cardinal mark Virtual AIS AtoN - Port hand mark Virtual AIS AtoN - Safe water Virtual AIS AtoN - South cardinal mark Virtual AIS AtoN - Special mark Virtual AIS AtoN - Starboard hand mark Virtual AIS AtoN - West cardinal mark Virtual AIS AtoN Missing 72 Target symbols | R5000 Operator manual 18RSS+++++++++++Missing 19 Terms and abbreviations ACK ACQ ACT ADJ ALT AIS AM ANCH ANT AP APR ARPA ATON AUD AUTO AZ AZI BCR BCT BKGND BMD BRG BRILL BWW C UP CCRP CENT CNCL COG CONT CPA CPU CRS CTS CURS DAY/NT DECR DEG DEL DGPS DISP DIST DPTH Acknowledge Acquire Activate Adjust, Adjustment Altitude Automatic Identification System Amplitude Modulation Anchor Watch Antenna Autopilot April Automatic Radar Plotting Aid Aid to Navigation Audible Automatic Acquisition Zone Azimuth Indicator Bow Crossing Range Bow Crossing Time Background Brush Motor Drive - brushless controller for the S_Band Bearing Display Brilliance Bearing Waypoint To Waypoint Course Up Consistent Common Reference Point Centre Cancel Course Over Ground Contrast Closest Point Of Approach Central Processing Unit Course Course To Steer Cursor Day/Night Decrease Degrees Delete Differential Gps Display Distance Depth Terms and abbreviations | R5000 Operator manual 73 DR DSC DW EBL ECDIS ECS EGNOS ENCSOG EP EPFS EPIRB EQUIP ERBL ETA ETD EZ FK FMCW FS FWD GAS GEOG GLONASS GMDSS GND TRK GNDSTAB GNSS GPS GZ H UP HDG HL HR I/O IBS ID IN INIT INS IR IRCS ISW Km KN LBL Dead Reckoning Digital Selective Calling Deep Water Electronic Bearing Line Electronic Chart Display And Information System Electronic Chart System European Geo-Stationary Navigational Overlay System Automatic Navigational Chart Estimated Position Electronic Position Fixing System Emergency Position Indicating Radio Beacon Equipment Automatic Range And Bearing Line Estimated Time Of Arrival Estimated Time Of Departure Exclusion Zone User Function Key Frequency Modulated Continuous Wave Fast Scan Forward Grounding Avoidance System Geographic Global Orbiting Navigation Satellite System Global Maritime Distress And Safety System Ground Track Ground Stabilized Global Navigation Satellite System Global Positioning System Guard Zone Head Up Heading Heading Line Hours Input/Output Integrated Bridge System Identification Input Initialization Integrated Navigation System Interference Rejection Integrated Radio Communication System Interswitch Kilometer Knots Label 74 Terms and abbreviations | R5000 Operator manual LIM LOST TGT LP m MIN MIN MKR MOB MP MSTR N UP NAV NC NLT NM NMT NR NUC OFF CENT OFFTRK OS OUT PAD PAST POSN PCB PI PL PM POSN PPC PPI PRF PWR R BRG R CRS R VECT RAD RAIN RCDS REF REF SOG REL or R RM RM (R) RM (T) Limit Lost Target Long Pulse Meters Minimum Minutes Marker Man Over Board Medium Pulse Master North Up Navigation Normally Closed Not Less Than Nautical Mile Not More Than Noise Rejection Not Under Command Off Centre Off Track Own Ship Output Predicted Area Of Danger Past Position Printed Circuit Board Parallel Index Line Pulse Length Performance Monitor Position Predicted Point Of Collision Plan Position Indicator Pulse Repetition Frequency PWR Relative Bearing Relative Course Relative Vector Radius Anti Clutter Rain Raster Chart Display System Echo Reference Echo Reference Speed Relative Relative Motion Relative Motion (Relative Trails) Relative Motion (True Trails) Terms and abbreviations | R5000 Operator manual 75 RNC RNG ROT RR RTE RX SAF CON SAR SC/SC SDME SEA SEL SENC SNR SOG SP SPD SRNC SRT STAB STBD STC STW T BRG T CRS T SPD T VECT TB TCPA TE TGT Tgt exp Th TM TPR TRIAL TRIG TRK TRKG Tracking TS TWOL TX TX/RX UPS Raster Navigational Chart Range Rate Of Turn Range Rings Route Receiver Safety Contour Search And Rescue Scan To Scan Speed and Distance Measuring Equipment Anti Clutter Sea Select System Electronic Navigational Chart Signal To Noise Ratio Speed Over Ground Short Pulse Speed System Raster Navigational Small Radar Transceiver Stabilized Starboard Sensitivity Time Control Speed Through Water True Bearing True Course True Speed True Vector Target Boost Time To Closest Point Of Approach Target Expand Target Target expansion Target threshold True Motion Transponder Trial Maneuver Trigger Pulse Track Tracking Time To Go Target separation Time To Wheel Over Line Transmit, Transmitter Transceiver Uninterruptible Power Supply 76 Terms and abbreviations | R5000 Operator manual VRM VTS WOL WOP Variable Range Marker Vessel Traffic Services Wheel Over Line Wheel Over Point Terms and abbreviations | R5000 Operator manual 77 20 Technical specifications The most up-to-date specifications list is available at:

www.navico-commercial.com Note: Hardware specifications for the individual units included in the system are found in the documentation following the units. General Description Standards Type approval Performance RPM Nominal peak power Type-approved X- and S-Band radar systems aboard CAT 1, CAT 2 and CAT 3 SOLAS vessels, including high-speed craft IMO-Resolution A.278 (VIII), A.694 (17), A. 823 (19), MSC 191 (79), MSC 192 (79) EN 62388 Ed.2.0, 2014 EN 62288 Ed.2.0, 2014 EN 60945 Ed.4.0, 2002 incl. Corr.1, 2008 EN 61162-1 Ed.4.0, 2010 EN 61162-2 Ed.1.0, 1999 European Council Directive 2014/90/EU on Marine Equipment modified by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/773

(May 2018) - Wheelmark

>20 and >40 X-band up-mast 12 kW or 25 kW depending on transceiver X-band down-mast 25 kW S-band 30 kW Operating frequency Pulse length PRF Modulator IF amplifier IF dynamic IF center frequency IF bandwidth X-band 9410 30 MHz S-band 3050 30 MHz Short pulse 60 ns (25 kW, 30 kW), 80 ns (12 kW) Medium pulse 250 ns Long pulse 800 ns Short pulse 3000 Hz Medium pulse 1500 Hz Long pulse 750 Hz MOSFET Solid State Logarithmic 95 dB 60 MHz Short pulse 24 MHz 78 Technical specifications | R5000 Operator manual Medium pulse 5 MHz Long pulse 2 MHz 1.35 22

< 1.20

< 5 nominal dB

-105 dBm Horizontal Beam width Vertical Beam width VSWR Overall noise figure MDS on long pulse Display features Presentation mode Typical viewing distance (m) Day or Night 16" 0.75 19", 24", 27" 1.00 16", 19" 1366x768 24", 27" 1920x1080 16" 180 19" 210 24" 280 27" 320 Resolution (pixels) PPI Diameter (mm) Short range Available scales 1/8, 1/4, 1/2, 3/4, 1.5 and 3 NM Range video resolution 11.25 m Azimuth on-screen resolution 0.1 Medium range Available scales 6 and 12 NM Range video resolution 45 m Azimuth on-screen resolution 0.1 Long range Available scales 24, 36, 48, 64, 72 NM Range video resolution 125 m Azimuth on-screen resolution 0.1 Relative Motion (RM) True Motion (TM) Off-centering Cursor Target tracking Acquisition Tracking Head up (HU), Course up (CU) and North up

(NU) Course up (CU) and North up (NU) Up to 75% of range scale in use Polar and Geographical coordinates, continuously displayed when cursor is activated Manual and automatic, up to 100 targets Manual and automatic, up to 100 targets Technical specifications | R5000 Operator manual 79 Tracking range 24 NM AIS Presentation Safe checking Mapping Map drawing Map stabilization Map storage Map adjustments Parallel index Data readout Maximum 300 target (all can be activated) AIS overflow mechanism of priority 300 targets in total Operator compiled maps Up to 32 maps, each may contain up to 120 segments and 32 symbols Selectable colors and line styles Relative Geographic By name Built-In non-volatile memory used SD Card transfer available Rotate Shift Four independent parallel index lines Own ship data Target tracking data AIS target data 80 Technical specifications | R5000 Operator manual

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R5000 Radar system Operator Manual ENGLISH www.navico.com/commercial Preface Disclaimer As Navico is continuously improving this product, we retain the right to make changes to the product at any time which may not be reflected in this version of the manual. Please contact your nearest distributor if you require any further assistance. It is the owners sole responsibility to install and use the equipment in a manner that will not cause accidents, personal injury or property damage. The user of this product is solely responsible for observing maritime safety practices. NAVICO HOLDING AS AND ITS SUBSIDIARIES, BRANCHES AND AFFILIATES DISCLAIM ALL LIABILITY FOR ANY USE OF THIS PRODUCT IN A WAY THAT MAY CAUSE ACCIDENTS, DAMAGE OR THAT MAY VIOLATE THE LAW. This manual represents the product as at the time of printing. Navico Holding AS and its subsidiaries, branches and affiliates reserve the right to make changes to specifications without notice. Governing language This statement, any instruction manuals, user guides and other information relating to the product (Documentation) may be translated to, or has been translated from, another language (Translation). In the event of any conflict between any Translation of the Documentation, the English language version of the Documentation will be the official version of the Documentation. Copyright Copyright 2018 Navico Holding AS. Trademarks Navico is a registered trademark of Navico Holding AS. Simrad is used by license from Kongsberg. Warranty The warranty card is supplied as a separate document. In case of any queries, refer to the brand website of your unit or system:

www.navico-commercial.com Compliance statement Navico declare under our sole responsibility that the product conforms with the requirements of:

European Council Directive 2014/90/EU on Marine Equipment modified by Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2018/773 (May 2018) - Wheelmark The relevant declaration of conformity is available in the product's section at the following website:

www.navico-commercial.com About this manual Intended audience This manual is written for system operators. The manual assumes that the reader has basic knowledge about this type of equipment with regards to:

operation nautical terminology and practices Preface | R5000 Operator manual 3 Important text conventions Important text that requires special attention from the reader is emphasized as follows:

Note: Used to draw the readers attention to a comment or some important information. Warning: Used when it is necessary to warn personnel that they should proceed carefully to prevent risk of injury and/or damage to equipment/

personnel. Software version You can view the software version installed on the unit in the about dialog:

The manual will continuously be updated to match new software releases. The latest available manual version can be downloaded from the product website on:

www.navico-commercial.com Change log Part no Date and description 988-12294-001 988-12294-002 2018-Sept-19 First version. 2018-Nov-01 Updated to match software release. 4 Preface | R5000 Operator manual Safety precautions Safety precautions described in this section are applicable to the radar system. They are general safety precautions that are not related to any specific procedure, and they might therefore not appear elsewhere in this manual. They are recommended precautions that personnel must understand and apply during operation and maintenance of the system. You are obliged to read these operating instructions prior to operation, and to adhere to the operating instructions in order to prevent possible danger. Prevention of danger includes that operator personnel are trained and authorized for safe operation of the equipment. We assume no liability for damage due to improper operation which could have been prevented. The system must only be operated by persons who have passed the relevant mandatory training on the respective systems and applications. Only reading these operating instructions cannot replace such training. Persons authorized to operate, maintain and troubleshoot the system are instructed and trained by Simrad. Persons operating or servicing this radar system must be familiar with the general safety regulations and specific safety systems, and they must have passed all required training. They must have read the relevant operating instructions and manuals before starting to work. Have these operating instructions always at hand on all relevant locations, and ensure that copies are available to all operators. Operating personnel must at all times follow all safety regulations. During normal operation, the unit can be quickly disconnected from the main power line by turning OFF the relevant circuit breaker located on the electric switchboard. Do not replace components or make adjustments inside the unit when the voltage supply is turned ON. Always remove power and discharge to ground a circuit before touching it. Under no circumstances should any person initiate servicing or repairing the unit except in the presence of a qualified person. Ensure unobstructed access to all operator panels, controls, and relevant switchgear cabinets in order to enable instant response to alarms. Whenever it is necessary to disconnect the waveguide from a radar transmitter for maintenance purpose, the transmitter output should be terminated with a matched load. If this is not possible, care should be taken. Do not stand in front of an open-ended waveguide from which power is being radiated. Note: Main power is always present on the terminal board unless the main break from the power distribution panel of the vessel is turned off. Warning: Never look down a waveguide from which power is being radiated!

Warnings High voltage Radar equipment includes high voltage that can cause injury or loss of life. Danger exists only when the units are opened, exposing internal circuits, as when servicing the equipment. This radar has been carefully designed to protect personnel from possible injury from high voltages. Although every effort has been made to eliminate danger to personnel, no responsibility is accepted for any injury or loss of life suffered in connection with this equipment. Radio frequency radiation Harmful effects (particularly to the eyes) may be caused by exposure of any part of the human body to high power radio frequency radiation. However, the system is designed to always disable the microwave radiation when the antenna is not rotating. Preface | R5000 Operator manual 5 Hazard distances Configuration 12 KW Transceiver 6' X-band Antenna 12 KW Transceiver 9' X-band Antenna 12 KW Transceiver 12' X-band Antenna 25 KW Transceiver 6' X-band Antenna 25 KW Transceiver 9' X-band Antenna 25 KW Transceiver 12' X-band Antenna 30 KW Transceiver 12' S-band Antenna Distance 100 W/m2 point (m) Distance 50 W/m2 point (m) Distance 10 W/m2 point (m)

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0.6 0.5 0.35 1.3 1.0 0.9 0.4 X-Ray radiation This radar system does not generate X-ray radiation. 6 Preface | R5000 Operator manual Contents 10 Introduction 10 10 R5000 system overview R5000 manuals 12 Operating the system 12 O5000 trackball mouse keys 12 O2000 front controls 14 M5000 monitor keys 15 The user interface 15 Main panel PPI symbols 16 16 Picture freeze indicator 16 Quick access buttons 16 Main menu and submenus 17 The settings dialog 17 Own vessel symbol 17 Units of measure settings 18 Radar video palettes 18 On-screen keyboard Turning the system ON and OFF Adjusting display brightness Selecting radar source Switching the sensor between transmit and standby mode Adjusting the radar range 19 Basic operation 19 19 19 19 19 20 Using the cursor 20 22 22 23 23 Selecting speed source Target tracking Acknowledging alerts Applying default control settings Screen capture 24 The Interswitch function 24 Description 24 Default master control station 24 25 26 Control station modes Changing control mode Indication of control status 27 Adjusting the radar image 27 Fine tuning automatic settings 27 Gain 27 28 29 Sea anti-clutter Rain anti-clutter Tuning the radar sensor Target trails and past position Radar orientation Radar motion mode 30 Radar view options 30 30 30 31 Offsetting the PPI center 32 32 32 Vectors Cursor bearings Setting the brilliance for panel items Contents | R5000 Operator manual 7 The target menu The target panel Selecting and de-selecting targets 33 Targets 33 33 33 34 Defining dangerous vessels 34 37 38 39 41 42 Displaying target information 43 Radar targets Radar SART Racons AIS targets AIS and radar target association Training simulator 44 Navigation tools 44 45 46 48 Measuring range and bearing Tracking zones Parallel index lines EBL/VRM markers 50 Maps 50 The maps dialog 50 Map references 51 Map colors and symbols 51 52 52 Modifying a map Exporting maps 53 53 Importing maps Creating a new map Saving a map 54 Customizing radar control settings 54 Customizing radar control settings table Rejecting radar interference 55 Advanced options 55 55 Noise rejection 55 55 55 Target boost TGT expansion Fast scan 56 Trial maneuver 56 57 57 Manually changing the trial maneuver settings Trial maneuver symbology Starting and stopping the trial maneuver 58 Maintenance 58 General 58 59 Performance monitor Radar data 60 The alert system 60 60 60 63 63 64 65 Operating modes fallback Type of alerts Alert categories Alert notifications The Alerts dialog External bridge alert systems Alphabetic alert list 8 Contents | R5000 Operator manual 66 Menu overview 66 Main menu 67 Settings menu 69 O2000/O5000 Trackball, key function comparison 70 Target symbols 73 Terms and abbreviations Performance 78 Technical specifications 78 General 78 79 Display features Target tracking 79 80 AIS 80 Mapping Contents | R5000 Operator manual 9 1 Introduction R5000 system overview A basic R5000 radar system has the following main parts:

SRT LAN radar sensor (A), including:

- Antenna

- Up-mast or down-mast SRT LAN transceiver

- R5000 power supply unit R5000 radar control station (B), including:

- M5000 monitor

- O2000 control unit

- O5000 trackball unit

- R5000 radar processor An R5000 system can be installed as a stand-alone radar system, or as an advanced installation with several sensors and control stations. In an advanced installation, each radar sensor has a control station directly wired to it. This control station will be the radar sensor's default master controller. The R5000 radar processors can be connected with an interswitch LAN cable. This allows for sharing the control of the radar sensors between multiple radar control stations. During commissioning of the system, the interswitch function is configured to manage the control of the radar sensors. For more information, refer to "The Interswitch function" on page 24. R5000 manuals The following documentation is available for the R5000 radar systems:

R5000 Operator manual User descriptions of the radar control unit and of the features included in the system. Intended audience: System operator. R5000 Quick Guide Graphical document describing the keys and the main functions. Intended audience: System operator. 10 Introduction | R5000 Operator manual AABB R5000 System installation manual Mechanical installation and wiring, technical specifications and mechanical drawings for all system components. Intended audience: Shipyard installation personnel. R5000 Configuration manual System setup/configuration and commissioning of the system. Intended audience: Installation and service engineers. Introduction | R5000 Operator manual 11 2 Operating the system The system is operated by the remote control unit (O2000) and by the mouse (O5000 Trackball unit). The remote controller is used for menu operation, and for easy operation of the quick access buttons. The mouse is mainly used for managing targets, and in situations where it is required to position the cursor accurately on the PPI. For a full overview of remote controller and mouse keys, refer to "O2000/O5000 Trackball, key function comparison" on page 69. O5000 trackball mouse keys The optical trackball (A) is used for positioning the cursor. The other mouse keys have different functionality depending on the position of the cursor on the radar panel. The following table lists the key functions relative to the part of the radar panel that is under the cursor. Note: The cursor must be located over an open menu or over the quick access pop-up to be able to use the scroll function. Cursor over ... Left key (B) Right key (C) Scroll wheel (D) Menu Select Quick access button Select Return to previous menu level Display selected button's pop-up Rotate to scroll menu options Press to select Rotate to scroll pop-up options AIS target Radar target Activate/deactivate Acquire target Display target menu No action O2000 front controls 12 Operating the system | R5000 Operator manual Note: The O2000 can be used with different equipment. As noted below, some of the keys are not applicable for the R5000. I A B C D J E F G H Mark/MOB key. Not used for R5000 Unit under command LEDs. Not used for R5000 Display key. Used for configuration of the O2000. Not used for operating the R5000 EBL/VRM key. Press once to toggle EBL/VRM markers On/Off. Re-press to display the EBL/VRM pop-up. Press and hold to toggle between EBL/VRM 1 and EBL/VRM 2. Trails key. Press to toggle trails ON/OFF. Range key. Press the + or the - indication to increase or decrease the radar range Offset key. Press once to display the Offset menu Enter key. No cursor on PPI: no action. Cursor on PPI: press to activate/deactivate AIS, press and hold to display the targets menu. Menu operation: press to select an option Rotary knob. With no menu active: behavior depending on operational mode. Menu operation: rotate to scroll through menu items and to adjust values, press to select or to save settings Exit key. With no menu active: clear the cursor from the PPI. Menu operation: press to return to previous menu level or to exit a dialog Arrow keys. With no menu active: press to move the cursor on the radar PPI. Menu operation: press to move through menu items and to adjust a value L View key. Press once to display the View menu M Menu key. Press once to display the Main menu N O Gain, Sea, and Rain keys. Press to set radar sensitivity Acknowledge key. Press once to acknowledge the most recent alarm or warning in the Alerts panel. Press the key again to acknowledge the next alarm or warning. Press and hold to bring the focus on the Alerts panel without acknowledging the most recent alarm AIS key. Press to activate/deactivate AIS information on screen. Press and hold to display the Vessels dialog Standby/Brilliance key. Press once to display the Standby/Brightness pop-up. Press twice to toggle between Standby and Transmit. Press and hold to switch the radar system ON/OFF. Mode key. Not used for R5000 Alpha numeric keypad. Used for entering numbers or text in dialog boxes. With no menu active: press a key to modify the range as shown below:

P Q R S K NM 1 1/8 2 1/4 3 1/2 4 3/4 5 1.5 6 3 7 6 8 12 9 24 0 48 Operating the system | R5000 Operator manual 13 M5000 monitor keys The monitor is configured and controlled using the row of touch sensitive buttons along the lower edge of the monitor frame. All buttons are backlit - only the power button is illuminated when the monitor is turned off. A B C D E Power key With OSD (On Screen Display) menu active: press to return to previous menu level With no OSD menu action: no action Brilliance adjustment key Press plus/minus key to decrease/increase brightness (no on-screen display of brightness level) Simultaneously press and hold both keys to reset the brightness level to default value. The default value is set in the OSD menu With OSD menu active: press plus/minus key to move focus up/down in the menu Enter key With OSD menu active: press to confirm a selection With no OSD menu active: no action Red LED Solid on: standby mode, or no video source Flashing: monitor booting or upgrading Menu key Press and hold to activate the OSD menu For more information, refer to the separate documentation for the monitor. 14 Operating the system | R5000 Operator manual 3 The user interface Main panel The main panel is divided into predefined areas as shown in the figure below. A B C D E F G H I J Plan Position Indicator (PPI) Radar video area where all tracking and navigation options are performed. Own ship information Stabilization mode indicator, picture freeze indicator and gauges showing primary and secondary sensors. Target panel Detailed information about selected targets and AIS targets. Quick access buttons Dedicated buttons for main function. Target indicators Overview of target indicator settings. Markers Details for active VRM and EBL markers. Cursor information Range and bearing from the vessel to the cursor position. Also including position information if a position source is available. Alerts panel List of all active alerts. Signal indicators Gauges for signal processing and indicators for radar functions. System information Range, mode and pulse details. The user interface | R5000 Operator manual 15 PPI symbols Range rings and heading line symbols can be turned on and off individually. For parallel index lines and maps, see "Parallel index lines" on page 45 and "Maps" on page 50. The overlay graphic off menu option turns off all graphics overlaid on the radar PPI, showing only the video signal. Note: The heading line off and overlay graphic off menu options are mono stable. That means you have to press and hold the enter key or the right arrow key to temporarily remove the relevant symbols from the panel. The graphics are invisible as long as the key is pressed, and will turn on again when the key is released. Picture freeze indicator The image includes a picture freeze indicator (A). The small dot blinks at an interval of 1 second to show that the screen is alive and that information from sensors is updated. If the picture freezes the unit needs to be restarted. Quick access buttons The quick access buttons are activated from the dedicated keys on the controller, or by using the mouse to select the button. More details about the quick access buttons are available in the separate sections describing the functions later in this manual. Quick access pop-ups Some of the quick access buttons have additional functions, presented as a pop-up. To display the pop-up:

Double-press the dedicated key on the controller Press the right mouse key when the cursor is over a selected quick access button To remove the pop-up and revert to the button's main function:

Press the exit key on O2000 Press the left mouse key when the cursor is outside the pop-up Press the right mouse key when the cursor is over the pop-up Main menu and submenus You access the main menu by pressing the menu key, or by selecting the quick access menu button. To operate the menu with the O2000:

Press the up and down arrow keys or turn the rotary knob to move up and down in a menu Press the enter key, the right arrow key or the rotary knob to access a submenu, to toggle options or to confirm a selection Press the exit key or the left arrow key to return to previous menu level and then exit the menu system Some options display a slider. Turn the rotary knob or press the up/down arrow keys to adjust the value. To use the trackball mouse to operate the menu:

Use the scroll wheel to move up and down in a menu Use the left key to access a submenu, to toggle options or to confirm a selection 16 The user interface | R5000 Operator manual Use the right key to return to previous menu level and then exit the menu system Note: The cursor must be located over the menu to operate the menu system. The settings dialog The software setup is done from the settings dialog. Own vessel symbol At large range scales, the indication of antenna position, the CCRP and own vessel are the same, and indicated as an own ship minimized symbol. At small range scales, the vessel's actual size (defined in the commissioning of the radar system) is indicated. If the antenna position deviates from the CCRP this will be shown on the image. Vessel symbol at large range scale Vessel symbol at small range scale Units of measure settings The user interface | R5000 Operator manual 17 By default, speed measurements are in knots (kn), and large range measurements are in nautical miles (NM). These settings cannot be changed. For distances below 0.125 NM you can select to show the distance in meters. Note: Units of measurements can only be changed when the connected antenna is in standby mode. Radar video palettes Different palettes are available for the radar video and for the target trails. Expanded PPI With this option selected, the radar video outside the bearing scale is visible as a shaded image. Targets, VRM and Range rings are not visible in the expanded PPI area. On-screen keyboard A numeric or alphanumeric virtual keyboard is displayed when required to enter user information in dialogs. To enter text:

Use the arrow keys to locate the cursor over a virtual key, then confirm the selection with enter key Select a virtual key with the left mouse key If the virtual keyboard is inactive for 10 seconds it will automatically close. Complete the entry and close the dialog by selecting the virtual enter key. Remove the virtual keyboard without saving by pressing the exit key. 18 The user interface | R5000 Operator manual 4 Basic operation Turning the system ON and OFF Turning ON Press the standby/brilliance key to turn the system ON. The system will be ON as long as power is connected. Switching the system to standby mode Press and hold the standby/brilliance key to turn the R5000 radar processor and the monitor to standby mode. The radar sensor is turned into standby mode only if R5000 is controlling it

(connected as master). If it is in slave/clone mode, the sensor will continue transmitting. Note: For controlling the radar sensor in a multi-radar installation, refer to "The Interswitch function" on page 24. Adjusting display brightness The brilliance is adjusted from the brilliance pop-up. Display the pop-up by pressing the standby/brilliance key, then adjust the display brilliance by turning the rotary knob. At first start-up, the display brilliance is set to 100%. When the unit is restarted, the brilliance is automatically set to the level it was prior to switching the unit off. The system includes a day and a night color palette. When the brilliance is set to 40% or lower, the system switches to use the night palette. With the pop-up open, switch between the day and night palette by pressing the left

(40%) or right (100%) arrow keys. Close the pop-up by pressing the exit key. This brightness adjustment affects all screen items on the radar panel. You can also adjust the display brightness for individual panel items. Refer to "Setting the brilliance for panel items" on page 32. Selecting radar source More than one radar sensor can be connected to the radar control unit. Select the active radar sensor from the main menu. For information about controlling radar sensors in a multiple radar installation, see "The Interswitch function" on page 24. Switching the sensor between transmit and standby mode You switch between transmit and standby mode when the brilliance pop-up is displayed. Display the pop-up by pressing the standby/brilliance key, then repeat short presses on the key to switch between standby and transmit mode Adjusting the radar range The radar range is shown in the system information area on the radar image. To increase or decrease the range:

Press the + or - icons on the range key Select a predefined radar range by using the numeric keys on the remote controller. Refer to "O2000 front controls" on page 12. Basic operation | R5000 Operator manual 19 There is a direct link between the range scale and the operational mode of the selected radar sensor. Range scale 1/8 NM (200m) 1/4 NM 1/2 NM 3/4 NM 1.5 NM 3 NM 6 NM 12 NM 24 NM 36 NM 48 NM 64 NM 72 NM Standard radar operation Target boost radar operation A B A B 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.25/1500 0.25/1500 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 24 24 24 24 24 24 48 48 72 72 72 72 72 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.08/3000 0.25/1500 0.25/1500 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 0.8/750 24 24 24 24 24 48 48 72 72 72 72 72 72 A: Pulse length (S/PRF (Hz) B: Maximum radar range visibility (NM) For more information refer to the radar sensor documentation. Using the cursor The cursor can be used to measure a distance, to define various radar map elements, and to acquire and select targets within the PPI area. By default, the cursor is not active after power on. To activate the cursor:

Press one of the arrow keys Use the mouse to position the pointer inside the PPI area When the cursor is active on the radar PPI, the cursor information area will show range and bearing from the vessel to the cursor position. If the system is connected to a position source

(i.e. EPFS), the cursor information area includes the geographic position of the cursor. To deactivate the cursor:

Press the exit key Use the mouse to position the pointer outside the PPI area Selecting speed source Speed information can be obtained from different speed sources connected to the system. At any time you can switch the preferred primary speed source to any of the available speed sensors from the menu. The stabilization mode depends on the selected speed source. The system will automatically switch to the available stabilization mode when the speed source is changed. The table shows stabilization modes available for each speed source type. Any restrictions for a source are detailed under each speed source description in the following sections. Speed source Stabilization mode available Speed LOG (Single axis) Sea Restrictions None 20 Basic operation | R5000 Operator manual Speed source Speed LOG (Dual axis) EPFS Manual Auto drift Stabilization mode available Restrictions Sea and Ground (depending on the transducer) Ground Sea Ground None None Yes Yes Primary speed source (A), secondary speed source (B) and stabilization mode (C) are shown in the own ship information panel. Note: In case of unsafe data integrity the vessel coordinates are highlighted with yellow color. Speed log The speed log can be single or dual axis input, and either water track or bottom track. Therefore the stabilization mode available can be either sea or ground depending on the sensor in use. Note: The speed through water measured close to the hull is affected by the tide and by the current, so from time-to-time it will differ significantly from the speed over the ground. A speed log measuring speed through water may, in specific cases, be affected by poor conditions due to e.g. air or ice below the sensor. If the sensor measures only the longitudinal component of the speed, the transversal ship component is unknown to the radar. EPFS The EPFS provides true speed and true course over ground. Manual speed When this option is selected you can manually enter speed, drift and set (heading). Note: Manual speed is not available if AIS is turned ON. Auto drift When this option is selected the system uses a stationary tracked target as speed reference for calculating own ship speed. The function is used when no speed sensors are available. Note: The auto drift option is only available if the AIS function is OFF and if a target is set as reference. Warning: The echo used as reference must be a stationary target. Otherwise all speed calculated will not be true, but only relative to the reference target. It is wrong to select a ship that is anchored as a reference;

no alarm will be signaled when the ship starts to move and all the calculated true speed will change to erroneous values. The reference echoes should never be used to calculate relative speed. This data is not following a speed change with adequate accuracy for an anti-collision system. Basic operation | R5000 Operator manual 21 Warning: When the reference target is lost, a warning is raised and the speed source will automatically be switched to LOG. If the LOG is working on water track, the speed mode will become sea stabilized and the user will be notified in case of a change of stabilization. The loss of a reference target may have a major impact on the accuracy of the results for true speed and true course of the target, and own speed precision will be degraded. Selecting a reference target A reference target must be selected before the speed source can be set to auto drift. The reference target is selected from the target menu. To display the target menu, position the cursor over the preferred target and then:

Press the enter key Press the right mouse key The reference target is labelled with an R to identify it as a reference. Target tracking The enter key on O2000 and the mouse keys are used for managing targets. To immediately acquire a radar target or to activate/de-activate an AIS target at the cursor position:

Press the enter key Press the left mouse key More options are available from the target menu, displayed by:

Pressing and holding the enter key Pressing the right mouse key The options in the target menu depends on if a target is located at the cursor position, the type of target, and the status of the target. No target at cursor position Target at cursor position See more details about radar and AIS targets in "Targets" on page 33. Acknowledging alerts To acknowledge the most recent alert:

Press the acknowledge key The focus is moved to the alerts panel. Repeat pressing the key to continue acknowledging alerts from the top of the alerts panel. Press the exit key to exit the alerts panel. When an alert is acknowledged, the alert icon stops flashing and changes to the acknowledged icon. The siren continues to sound if there are remaining unacknowledged alerts, otherwise it is muted. The acknowledged alert is not moved to its new position in the sort order until there has been 2 seconds without any alerts being acknowledged. For more details, refer to "The alert system" on page 60. 22 Basic operation | R5000 Operator manual R18 Applying default control settings The apply default settings option allows for quickly setting the system back to a predefined state. The predefined values are defined in the radar requirements standard. Refer "Customizing radar control settings" on page 54. Screen capture To take a screen capture:

Simultaneously press the enter key and the standby/brilliance key Screen captures are saved to internal memory. Basic operation | R5000 Operator manual 23 5 The Interswitch function Description The interswitch function allows for sharing a radar sensor between multiple radar control stations. Default master control station The control station directly connected to a sensor shall always be that sensors default master. A default master has top priority over all other control stations in the interswitch network, and can assume master control for this sensor at any time. In the event of an interswitch network failure, the control station and the directly wired sensor will operate as a standalone radar. The illustration shows an installation with 2 sensors and 4 control stations. The control stations are connected via the interswitch network. In this example, sensor A is directly wired to control station C. Control station C is then by default sensor A's default master. The same applies to sensor B and control station D. Control station modes The control station can have different control modes for the sensors connected via the interswitch network. The illustration shows an example of control modes for an installation with 2 sensors and 4 control stations. Master mode M MR Master mode requested S C Slave mode Clone mode 24 The Interswitch function | R5000 Operator manual AACCDDBBCCMMMMMRMRSS Master A master control station has full control of a radar sensor. There can be only one master for each sensor at a given time. A control station has to release its master status before another control station can be set to master mode. To release master control:

Change the status from the menu. Refer to "Changing control mode" on page 25 Turn the radar sensor to standby mode from the brilliance pop-up Turn the control station to standby mode by pressing and holding the standby/brilliance key When a control station request master control of a radar sensor, the transfer will be pending until the current master has released its master status. When master mode for the sensor is available, the control will switch automatically. If more than one control station request master control of a radar sensor, the control transfer is decided according to the priority table defined during setup of the system. Slave A slave control station has restricted control of the radar sensor. There can be max 3 slaves for each radar sensor simultaneously. Slave mode limitations A slave cannot access:

Radar transmission controls Performance monitor Radar tuning If a master is available for the same sensor, a slave has limitations for the following functions:

Transmit ON and OFF: only possible if the sensor is set to transmit on the master control station Radar range: the maximum radar range on a slave cannot exceed the range set on the master control station Note: The slave control station can disable its radar presentation by pressing the standby/brilliance key on the O2000. Clone A clone control station mirrors a selected control stations display. A clone cannot control a radar sensor. If the console that is controlling the radar sensor is disconnected, the clone will lose the connection to the radar sensor. The clone will have to manually select a new sensor. There can be multiple clone stations for each control station simultaneously. Changing control mode To request a control mode for a sensor from a control station:

1 2 Select the status you want to request (A) Assign the status to a sensor (B) The Interswitch function | R5000 Operator manual 25 The color indication (C) for the sensors shows if a control station can be connected as the master for a sensor:

Green: the sensor is available for master control Yellow: another control station has master control of the sensor You can also request master or slave control mode from the sensor network status dialog. Indication of control status The control stations operational mode (A) for the active radar sensor (B) is indicated in the system information panel. 26 The Interswitch function | R5000 Operator manual 6 Adjusting the radar image The radar image can be improved by adjusting the gain, by filtering out unwanted echoes due to sea clutter, rain or other weather conditions, and by tuning the sensitivity of the radar receiver. Some functions include both a manual and an automatic mode. It is recommended to use the manual mode only if the automatic mode does not provide satisfactory results. Note: The radar image settings do not affect the AIS targets. Sea and rain clutter could be present at the same time, and further degradation in detection performance will be experienced. As sea clutter is related to short range and rain clutter is usually present in a longer range, rain clutter settings can be adjusted without affecting the echoes in the sea clutter area. Long pulses should not be used in heavy rain, as the range will decrease significantly. See

"Performance limitations" on page 28. The radar image is controlled as described in the next sections. Note: It is recommended to turn trails off when you adjust the radar image as trails might hinder the proper video adjustment feedback. Fine tuning automatic settings Some radar settings include an automatic mode. To achieve the best possible result in auto mode, the value can be manually adjusted to fine tune the settings. The text within the control icon will then change from AUTO to A NN, indicating that the automatic setting is manually adjusted. To fine tune the automatic setting:

Turn on the automatic option Use the rotary knob or the arrow keys to manually adjust the setting Gain The gain option controls the sensitivity of the radar receiver. A higher gain makes the radar more sensitive to radar echoes, allowing it to display weaker targets. If the gain is set too high, the image might be cluttered with background noise. Note: The gain control shall not be used to clean the picture from sea or rain clutter. The value of the gain should be set so that the background noise is just visible on the radar panel. At start-up of the system, the gain is 80% in order to receive the optimum noise level. Gain has a manual and an automatic mode. Adjusting the gain To adjust the gain:

Press the gain key to activate the function, then turn the rotary knob to manually adjust the setting Press and hold the gain key to turn on/off the automatic option Sea anti-clutter The sea anti-clutter option is used to filter the effect of random echo returns from waves or rough water near the vessel. When you increase the value, the sensitivity of the near field clutter caused by waves is reduced. If the value is increased too much, both sea clutter and Adjusting the radar image | R5000 Operator manual 27 targets will disappear from the display. Targets around own ship may then not be shown as potentially dangerous targets. Warning: At increasing levels of sea clutter, some targets cannot be detected even by means of the sea anti-clutter filtering, since buoys or other small objects are producing echoes of a level lower than the ones coming from waves. The value of the sea anti-clutter should be set so that the clutter is seen as small dots, and small targets will become distinguishable around the ship. Sea anti-clutter has a manual mode and an automatic mode. The system includes predefined settings for calm, moderate and rough sea state conditions. Adjusting the sea anti-clutter To adjust the sea anti-clutter:

Press the sea key to activate the function, then turn the rotary knob to adjust the setting Press and hold the key to turn ON/OFF the automatic option Rain anti-clutter Rain anti-clutter is used to reduce the effect of rain, snow or other weather conditions on the radar image. When you increase the value, the sensitivity of the long distance field clutter caused by rain is reduced. The value should not be increased too much as this may filter out real targets. If the precipitation is located over the ship's position, the adjustment of rain clutter will affect the presentation of near echoes. Rain anti-clutter has a manual and an automatic mode. Adjusting the rain anti clutter To adjust the rain anti-clutter:

Press the rain key to activate the function, then turn the rotary knob to adjust the setting Press and hold the key to turn ON/OFF the automatic option Performance limitations The figures below show how the amount of rain and pulse length affect the detection range

(in NM) for X-band and S-band radars. The vertical axis (A) is reduction of range for first detection of a target. The horizontal axis (B) is the original range for first detection of a target. As an example for long pulse length: a target that can be detected at 10 NM can only be detected on 3 NM with 16 mm rain. 28 Adjusting the radar image | R5000 Operator manual Tuning the radar sensor You can tune the radar sensor to show maximum target returns on the screen. Tuning has a manual and an automatic mode. In automatic tuning mode, system performs a tuning of the radar sensor when the range scale changes. Manual tuning should only be used if the automatic tuning fails. The tuning should not be performed earlier than 10 minutes after the radar has been switched on. Manual tuning is best done by a long pulse setting (range set to 24 NM), and by using a high level of gain. In this condition, adjust the tuning control to obtain the maximum signal strength. Adjusting the tuning The O2000 remote controller has no dedicated tune key. Adjust the tuning by using the mouse, or by using a combination of the mouse and the remote controller:

Select the tune quick access key to activate the function, then use the scroll wheel or the rotary knob to adjust the setting Press the left mouse key twice to turn ON/OFF the automatic option Adjusting the radar image | R5000 Operator manual 29 7 Radar view options Several radar view options are available from the menu. Note: The motion mode and offset options are disabled at max zoom range (72 NM). The functions are enabled again when zooming down one level. Target trails and past position You select how the radar targets are displayed on the radar image in the trails and past position submenu. See "Display settings for radar targets" on page 35. Radar orientation Selected radar orientation is shown in the system information panel (A). Head-up In head-up mode, the heading line on the PPI is oriented on the 0 on the bearing scale and towards the top of the screen. The radar image is displayed relative to own ship, and when the ship turns the radar image rotates. Note: Head-up is only available in relative motion mode, and it is the only orientation mode available if the radar is not connected to a heading source. North up In north up mode, the 0 indication on the PPI represents north. The heading line on the PPI is oriented according to own ship heading obtained from the gyro compass. When the ship turns the heading line changes its direction according to the ship's heading, while the radar image remains stabilized. The north up orientation is not available if no heading source is connected to the radar. If heading data is lost, the system will automatically switch to head-up orientation. Course up In course up mode, the top of the bearing scale indicates the ships true course measured from north at the time course up was activated. When the ship turns the bearing scale remains fixed, while the heading line rotates with the ship's yawing and course change. The course up orientation is reset by re-selecting the course up mode. Radar motion mode Selected radar motion mode is shown in the system information panel (B). Relative motion In relative motion your vessel remains in a fixed location on the Radar PPI, and all other objects move relative to your position. You select the position of the fixed location as described in "Offsetting the PPI center" on page 31. 30 Radar view options | R5000 Operator manual True motion In true motion your vessel and all moving targets move across the Radar PPI as you travel. All stationary objects remain in a fixed position. When the vessels symbol reaches 75% of the PPI radius (A), the radar image is redrawn with the vessel symbol re-positioned (B) 180 opposite the current heading bearing. When true motion is selected, the true motion reset option is available from the menu. This allows for manually resetting the radar image and vessel symbol to its starting position. Note: True motion is only available when the PPI is in either north up or course up orientation mode. Offsetting the PPI center You can set the antenna position origin to a different location on the radar PPI. The options described in the next sections are available. PPI center: Center PPI center: Look Ahead PPI Center: Offset Note: The bearing scale is according to the Consistent Common Reference Point (CCRP), while the offset sets the radar antenna position on the PPI. The maximum off-centering allowed is 75% of the radius at the current range. This may result in the CCRP being outside of the bearing scale. In such cases the measurements are still taken by the CCRP and the bearing scale is compressed accordingly. Re-setting the PPI center In relative motion, you can reset the offset by using the reset offset option in the menu. In true motion, the offset will be removed when the radar image is automatically redrawn. You can manually remove the offset by using the reset true motion option in the menu. Menu option - Relative motion Menu option - True motion Look ahead The Look ahead option is used to maximize the view ahead of the vessel. When selected the PPI center is placed at 70% of the radius of the PPI, 180 opposite the top of the display. Note: The look ahead option is only available for heading up radar orientation. Radar view options | R5000 Operator manual 31 AB Offset to cursor position This option allows you to use the cursor for selecting the antenna center. When the option is selected, the cursor is displayed on the PPI. Move the cursor to the preferred offset position, then press the enter key or the left mouse key to move the PPI center to the cursor position. Vectors A target vector indicates the expected target movement within a defined time. The vectors are computed by multiplying the target speed with the set time value. You can select to show target vectors with true or relative speed, and you can set the length of the vector. The length represents the vessel movement within the given time period. Vector settings are shown in the target indicators panel (A). Note: True speed indication is not possible if there is a gyro or speed source failure. If the vectors are in true presentation and one of the sensors (gyro or speed log) fails, the presentation is automatically switched to relative. Cursor bearings You can select to show the cursor bearings as true or relative to own vessel. Note: True can only be selected when a gyro is available. Setting the brilliance for panel items The brilliance can be set individually for the various panel items. 32 Radar view options | R5000 Operator manual 8 Targets The target menu When the cursor is active, the target menu can be displayed by:

Pressing and holding the enter key Pressing the right mouse button The items in the target menu depends on if a target is positioned at the cursor position, the type of target, and the status of the target. If more than one target is located at cursor position, the menu will show the reference number for radar targets, and ship names for AIS targets. No target at cursor position One target at cursor position Two radar targets at cursor position Close the target menu by:

Pressing the exit key Re-pressing the right mouse button The target panel The target panel can display basic information for up to four targets (A), or detailed information about a selected target (B). The following targets are included in the target panel:

Tracked radar targets Activated AIS targets Dangerous targets The targets listed are prioritized by the time they appear (the first appears on the top). Selecting and de-selecting targets AIS targets and tracked radar targets can be selected from the target menu. Only one target can be selected at a time. When you select a radar or an AIS target, the target symbol changes to the selected target icon, and the target panel changes to show detailed information for the selected target Targets | R5000 Operator manual 33 Selected radar target Selected AIS target To de-select a target and remove the detailed target information in the target panel:

Select the deselect target option in the target menu Note: Deselected target is placed first in the Target panel list. Defining dangerous vessels You can use the CPA (Closest point of approach) and TCPA (Time to closest point of approach) values to define when a target should be considered as dangerous. When a target comes within the distance for CPA or within the time limit for TCPA, the symbol changes to the dangerous target symbol. Radar targets Any radar echo within a preset range can be acquired and tracked. The system can track up to a preset number of radar targets. For target range and number of targets, refer to "Technical specifications" on page 78. An alert is triggered if the number of tracked targets exceeds 95% of the maximum system limitation and when maximum capacity is reached. Only the target closest to the own vessel will be visualized. You can manually acquire a radar target as described in the next section. The guard zone option enables the system to automatically acquire targets. Refer to "Tracking zones" on page 44. Manually acquiring radar targets When the cursor is active, you can immediately acquire a radar target at the cursor position by:

Pressing the enter key Pressing the left mouse button You can also acquire a target from the target menu. Display the menu by:

Pressing and holding the enter key Pressing the right cursor button There might be a delay after having acquired a radar target before the system receives stable target data:

After 1 minute the symbol will show a trend vector, and speed and course of the trend will be shown in the target panel After 3 minutes the symbol will become steady, and all the data fields of selected targets will be available. The target symbol will change to the tracked radar target symbol. The above time references represent worst case situations. In a stable situation the radar target information is available immediately. 34 Targets | R5000 Operator manual Radar target symbols The following symbols are used for radar targets in the system:

Symbol Description Tracked radar target with velocity vector Selected radar target, indicated with a square (dotted line) around the target symbol Dangerous radar target, indicated with bold line and with red color. The symbol flashes until the target alarm is acknowledged by the operator. It remains red until the system no longer defines it as a dangerous target Lost radar target, indicated with crossed lines centered on the target symbol. The symbol is located at the last received position from the target Reference target Radar target with past position and velocity vector Radar target in acquisition state, indicated as a broken circle centered at the position of target acquisition Associated target - using radar data Display settings for radar targets You select how the radar targets are displayed on the radar image in the trails and past position menu. The settings are indicated in the indicators panel. Trails and past position presentation mode Trails and past position indicators can be displayed as either true or relative to own ship. Trails and past position indicators are available in both sea and ground stabilization modes. See "Selecting speed source" on page 20. Target trails A target trail indicates the target movement by leaving an afterglow, gradually reducing the intensity over time. Target trails show where a target used to be, and the function is useful for quickly assessing the movement of targets relative to your own vessel. Targets | R5000 Operator manual 35 R18 You can set the length of the trails. The length represents the time it takes for the trails to fade out. The clear trails option clears target trails from your radar panel temporarily. The trails start to build up again unless you switch the function off. Showing a target's past position Past positions: used to visualize the previous positions of a tracked target or an activated AIS target Time: defines the length of time for which each target's past positions should be displayed on the PPI Interval: defines the distance between each past position indicator Warning: Trails build-up starts when exiting from the standby condition. Trails or past position length will be reached only after the selected time duration. Possible target tracking errors Some factors can generate tracking errors or make the radar image difficult to read, and therefore reduce target detection capability:

Sea, rain, snow and low clouds returns Radar Interference Sidelobe echoes Blind sectors Low signal to noise ratio and signal to clutter ratio Warning: The speed and course of a radar target are obtained by consecutive measurements of the echo position. The data is then filtered to reach the required precision. This means, that every abrupt change of speed and direction will be recognized with a certain delay to reach absolute certainty that the target is moving in a different way. The confirmation delay is about five scans and after that some additional time is needed to reach the same data precision as from before the maneuver. Sea, rain, snow and low clouds returns Radar echoes in sea, rain or weather clutter areas may be masked by the clutter. The effects of such errors appear as continuous big changes of the target course and speed vectors. Sometimes the symbol of a target that has been acquired at high speed can slip away from the real target position after a certain time, and this might generate the lost target alarm. These errors can be avoided or at least minimized by proper manual adjustments of sea and rain controls, or by selecting the automatic control option. For more details, see "Adjusting the radar image" on page 27. Radar interference Other radars operating in the same frequency band can generate interference. Normally this is seen on the radar screen as a series of spirals. When the interference falls on the tracked target, it can cause a deformation of the size of the echo, and consequently a small error in the target's course and speed values. Adjustment option is available in the advanced menu. See "Rejecting radar interference" on page 55. Second trace echo A second trace echo is an echo received from a distant target, received after the following pulse has been transmitted. Second trace echoes are present only under abnormal atmospheric conditions, or in condition of super-refraction. 36 Targets | R5000 Operator manual These echoes will be displayed at their correct bearing, but at a wrong range. Second trace echoes can be recognized by their irregular shape. Since the period between two subsequent transmitted pulses is subject to small variations, the second trace echo appears undefined and hazy. Second trace echoes are automatically suppressed by the radar when the interference rejection is turned on. Refer "Rejecting radar interference" on page 55. Sidelobe echoes Radar antennas have a radiation pattern consisting of a main lobe and several very small sidelobes. Most of the energy transmitted by the radar is radiated and received back on the main lobe, and a very small part on the sidelobes. This has no effect in case of distant or small targets, but the returns from a large target at short range (less than 3 NM) can generate, on both sides of the main echo and at the same range, arcs or series of small echoes. These effects, when they are an extension of the main echo, can cause momentary errors for the tracking, and course and speed values given by the tracking can become unstable. The problem can usually be eliminated or strongly reduced by an accurate adjustment of the Sea control. Refer "Sea anti-clutter" on page 27. Blind sectors Funnels, masts or other obstructions (when located near the radar antenna) may cause blind or shadow sectors, where the target visibility may be completely lost or strongly reduced. Targets remaining in these sectors for a long time (more than 10 antenna revolutions) will be considered lost, and the lost target alert will be triggered. Low signal to noise ratio and signal to clutter ratio In situations where the signal to noise or the signal to clutter ratio of the radar echoes is low

(small vessels in heavy sea or rain clutter, or big vessels close to the radar horizon), target detection is poor and the tracking will not detect the target at each antenna revolution. This will cause errors in the tracking, and it can range from missed information and up to complete loss of the target when it is missed for 10 consecutive antenna revolutions. Radar SART A SART (Search And Rescue Transponder) is used for emergencies. These devices may be either a radar-SART, or a GPS-based AIS-SART. The radar-SART is used to locate a survival craft or distressed vessel by creating a series of dots on the radar PPI. The range for detection of a radar-SART is normally about 8 NM, and its signal may be triggered by any HD or X-Band radar. Since the radar-SART is very near, side lobes from the radar antenna may show the responses as a series of concentric arcs or rings. This effect can be removed by using the Sea anti-clutter control. It is useful to observe the side lobes as they might be easier to detect in clutter conditions, and they will confirm that the radar-SART is very close to own ship. Radar-SART far from own vessel (range: 24 NM) Radar-SART close to own vessel (range: 3 NM) A B Position of SART Echo from SART Targets | R5000 Operator manual 37 ABCDBAD C D Radar antenna beamwidth Own ship position Recommended settings for radar-SART detection To best detect a radar-SART signal, adjust the settings as follows:

Set the range scale between 6 and 24 NM

- The spacing between responses is too small to be distinguished at higher scales (0.64 NM)

- The length of the radar-SART response (12 dots) may be extended to 9.5 NM beyond the position of the radar-SART, and it is necessary to see more than one response dot to distinguish the radar-SART from other responses Set the sea clutter control to manual mode and adjust it to minimum

- A high value could remove the SART response Note: With a minimum value for SEA anti-clutter, ships inside the clutter range may not be visible to the radar. If the sea clutter is strong when the SEA anti-clutter control is set to minimum, the first few dots of the radar-SART response might not be detectable. In such conditions, the position of the radar-SART may be estimated by using the EBL/VRM off center function and measure 9.5 nautical miles from the farthest dot back towards own ship. Set the rain anti-clutter control to manual mode, and adjust as required to avoid rain clutter

- The setting does not affect the radar-SART detection Set the gain control to manual mode, and adjust it to see some noise dots in the background

- Normal gain setting for long range detection can usually be used (around 80% of max range) Turn OFF target boost. See "Target boost" on page 55

- The shape and dimension of the radar-SART dots could be affected by this setting. Warning: The operator should take care when using the radar with these settings. The detuned radar will not be able to see and track targets as well as it will when it is tuned, and the anti-collision functions may no longer be working. The tuning should be returned to normal as soon as possible. Racons A racon (radar beacon) is a radar transponder commonly used to mark maritime navigational hazards. A racon responds to a received radar pulse by transmitting an identifiable mark back to the radar. The displayed response has a length on the radar display corresponding to a few nautical miles, encoded as a Morse character beginning with a dash for identification. The inherent delay in the racon causes the displayed response to appear behind the echo from the structure on which the racon is mounted (A). 38 Targets | R5000 Operator manual A Racons and their identifying marks are normally indicated on marine charts. Their purpose can change with the country they are used in. Generally they are used to:

Identify aids to navigation, both seaborne (buoys) and land-based (lighthouses) Identify landfall or positions on inconspicuous coastlines Indicate navigable spans under bridges Identify offshore oil platforms and similar structures Identify and warn of environmentally-sensitive areas (such as coral reefs) In some countries they are also used to:

Mark new and uncharted hazards (these should use the Morse identifier D) Leading line racons Identify center and turning points Racons installed on buoys are usually active for 20 seconds, and then off for the next 20 seconds. Recommended settings for racon detection The racon response could be degraded by rain and sea anti-clutter control, and by interference suppression. Turning off of the above mentioned settings should improve the racon visibility on the PPI. The detection range of a racon may also be reduced if the radar receiver is not tuned. AIS targets If a compatible AIS receiver is connected to the radar system, AIS targets can be displayed and tracked. The system can display and activate a preset number of AIS targets. Refer details in "Technical specifications" on page 78. An alert is triggered if the number of AIS targets exceeds 95% of the maximum system limitation and when the maximum capacity is reached. When the total AIS capacity is reached, additional AIS targets will be visualized following a range based priority logic. Only the target closest to the own vessel will be visualized. The AIS function is available when:

AIS data is available through the serial line Gyro compass heading is available. If gyro heading is lost the AIS function is automatically switched OFF EPFS valid position is available By default, all AIS targets are shown as sleeping targets if the AIS function is turned ON. You can manually activate a sleeping target, or you can set up the system to automatically activate sleeping targets as described in the next sections. AIS targets can be filtered as described in "AIS target filters" on page 41. Activating AIS targets AIS targets are initially presented in sleeping status (A). A sleeping target does not show vectors and heading lines, but only a small icon pointing in the direction of the target's heading. You can switch a sleeping target to an activated target (B). An activated AIS target shows a larger icon, and it has an associated vector, heading line and a turning indicator if available. Only activated AIS targets are listed in the target panel. Activated AIS targets are always processed against CPA/TCPA limits, and are defined as dangerous targets if the CPA/TCPA limits are exceeded. Targets | R5000 Operator manual 39 Manually activating an AIS target When the cursor is active, you can immediately activate an AIS target at cursor position by:

Pressing the enter key Pressing the left mouse button You can also activate an AIS target from the target menu, displayed by:

Pressing and holding the enter key Pressing the right cursor button Automatically activating AIS targets You can enable the system to automatically switch a sleeping target to an activated target when the CPA or TCPA is lower than the set minimum safe value. In this situation the AIS target is automatically defined as a dangerous target. AIS vessel ID Activated AIS targets are shown with the vessel ID. AIS target symbols The following icons are used for AIS targets in the system:

Symbol Description Sleeping AIS target, aligned with received heading information or with COG information if heading is not available AIS target with heading line and SOG/COG (dashed line), and with indicated turn direction AIS target with true scaled outlines AIS target with past track Selected AIS target, indicated with a square (dashed line) around the target symbol 40 Targets | R5000 Operator manual