REPORT RC055097/28116 APPENDIX A SERVICE/OPERATING MANUAL MAF800-100S MULTI-CARRIER POWER AMPLIFIER USER MANUAL Table Of Contents Section 1 Page No. General Description ..............................................................................................................1 Section 2 Specifications ........................................................................................................................2 Section 3 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier Principals of Operation.......................................................3 Principals of Operation .........................................................................................................4 Principals of Operation .........................................................................................................5 Principals of Operation.6 Section 4 Operating Instructions...........................................................................................................7 Operating Instructions8 Section 5 Installation Instructions.........................................................................................................9 Installation Instructions........................................................................................................10 Installation Instructions........................................................................................................11 Section 6 Maintenance.........................................................................................................................12 Maintenance.........................................................................................................................13 Maintenance.........................................................................................................................14 Maintenance.........................................................................................................................15 Maintenance.........................................................................................................................16 Section 7 Troubleshooting17 Section 1 Amplifier System Description 1.1 Introduction This manual contains information and procedures for installation, operation, and maintenance of Paradigm Wireless Systems MAF800-100S multi-carrier cellular amplifier. This manual is organized into the following sections:
Section 1. Amplifier System Description Section 2. Specifications Section 3. Principals of Operation Section 4. Operating Instructions Section 5. Installation Section 6. Maintenance Section 7. Troubleshooting 1.2 General Description The MAF800-100S is a linear, feed forward power amplifier that operates in the 25 MHz frequency range from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. The average output power of the amplifier is 100 Watts average AMPS, CDMA, CDMA 2000, 1xEV-DO, GSM, TDMA, and EDGE. The amplifier is designed to operate in a maximum of two continuous modulations or a total instantaneous bandwidth of 25 MHz. The amplifier can simultaneously transmit multiple frequencies, with a better than 13 dBm third order intermodulation distortion. The amplifier is designed and suited for use in CDMA, TDMA, EDGE and GSM radio base stations. A sub-rack is employed to combine the outputs of up to (4) MAF800-100S amplifiers. Each plug-
in module operates in parallel to produce a high peak output power and fail safe redundancy for trouble free operation with minimum maintenance. A multi-color LED detects when a fault condition has occurred within the amplifier. The LED will turn from GREEN to RED during an amplifier fault condition. Each amplifier has a status connector that allows the host system to monitor the amplifier module performance. Monitoring of the amplifiers is done through the D-subminiature connector on the back of the MAF800-100S amplifiers. The front panel of the MAF800-100S amplifier has an ON/OFF circuit breaker. Primary +27 Vdc power for the MAF 800-100S amplifiers is provided through the sub-rack assembly. The sub-rack contains the fan assembly for cooling each amplifier. Cooling fans are used to pull air through the heat sinks. Air movement across the heat sinks dissipates the heat generated by the amplifiers. Constant airflow ensures the amplifiers performance to specifications. Section 2 MAF800-100S Electrical Specification Parameter Frequency RF Gain Gain Variation over Temperature Gain Flatness Intermodulation Distortion Specification 869-894 MHz 58 dB 0.3 dB 0.5 dB
-13 dBm 1 Out of Band Spurious Input Power Output Power
-13 dBm
-4 dBm 100 Watts Modulation Type AMPS, CDMA, CDMA 2000, TDMA, EDGE, GSM, 1x Operating Instantaneous Bandwidth Input Return Loss Output Return Loss Output Protection Duty Cycle Vdc Input Power Operating Current EV-DO 25 MHz 15 dB 15 dB Mismatched Protected Continuous
+27 Vdc 24 amps per amplifier MAF800-100S Environmental Specifications:
Parameter Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Humidity Storage Humidity RF Input / Output Connector Status / Alarm / Control / DC Input Connector Dimensions Weight Specification 0 C. to 50 C.
-40 C. to + 80 C. 5%- 95% Relative Humidity (Non-condensing) 5%-95% Relative Humidity (Non-condensing) D-Sub, Hybrid, Plug-in Type RF Connector: PKZ 26-0020 series straight plug (Phoenix Co.) 21 Pin D-Subminiature Combo Connector Section 3 Principals of Operation 3.1 Introduction This section contains the functional description of the MAF800-100S multi-carrier power amplifier. 3.2 RF Input Signal The maximum composite input power shall not exceed 4 dBm. The reference source signal shall not exceed the base station manufacture minimum requirements for intermodulation distortion. For proper loop balance, the out of band components of the input signal shall not exceed 40 dBc. The input VSWR should be 2:1 maximum 3.3 RF Output Load The load impedance should be equal to or better than 1.5:1 in the operating band for good power transfer to the load. If the amplifier is operated into a filter, it will maintain its distortion characteristics outside the signal band even if the VSWR is infinite. Provided the reflected power does not exceed one-watt. A parasitic signal of less than one-watt incident on the output will not cause distortion at a higher level than the normal forward distortion 2 3.4 Amplifier Functional Description The MAF800-100S amplifier is a linear, feed-forward power amplifier that operates in the 25 MHz frequency band from 869 MHz -894 MHz. The amplifier is designed to operate in an instantaneous bandwidth of 25 MHz. Each amplifier is a self-contained plug in module and is functionally independent of the other amplifier module. The amplifier modules are designed for parallel operation to achieve high peak power output, and for redundancy in unmanned remote locations. Each amplifier in the system can simultaneously transmit multiple carrier frequencies, at an average total power output of 100 Watts, with better than 13 dBm intermodulation distortion. All phase and gain corrections are performed on the signal (s) in the individual amplifier module. Each amplifier module has an alarm board that monitors the amplifier performance. If a failure or fault occurs in the amplifier module a multi-color LED will change from GREEN to RED. This will be displayed on the front of the individual amplifier front panel. 3.5 MAF800-100S Amplifier Module The amplifier module has an average output of 100 Watts power with intermodulation products suppressed to better than -13 dBm. The amplifier provides an amplified output signal with constant gain and phase by adding approximately 25 dB of distortion cancellation on the output signal. Continuously comparing active paths with passive references, and correcting for small variations through RF feedback control maintain constant gain and phase. The amplifier module is comprised of:
Preamplifiers Main Amplifiers Error Amplifier Two feed-forward loops with phaseshift and gain controls DC/DC power regulator Alarm monitoring, control and LED display lamp 3 MAF800-100S Block Diagram 4 The main amplifier employs class AB amplification for maximum efficiency. The error amplifier and feed forward loops are employed to correct signal non-linearity introduced by the class AB main amplifier. The error amplifier operates in class AB mode. The RF input signals are amplified by a preamp and coupled to an attenuator and phase shifted by 180 degrees and amplified in the pre-main amplifier. The output from the pre-main amplifier is fed to the class AB main amplifier. The output from the main amplifier is typically 100 Watts. The signal output from the main amplifier is sampled using a coupler. The sample signal is combined with the main input signal and input to the second feed-forward loop. The error signal is attenuated, phase shifted 180 degrees, then passed to the error amplifier where it is amplified to a level identical to the sampled output from the main amplifier. The output from the error amplifier is then coupled back and added to the output from the main amplifier. The control loops continuously make adjustments to cancel out any distortion in the final output signals. The primary function of the 1st loop is to provide an error signal for the 2nd loop. The primary function of the 2nd loop is to amplify the error signal to cancel out spurious products developed in the main amplifier. The input signal is amplified by a pre-amplifier and fed to a coupler and delay line. The signal from the coupler is fed to the attenuator and phase shifter in the 1st loop. The 1st loop control section phase shifts the main input signals by 180 degrees and constantly monitors the output for correct phase and gain. The 2nd loop control section obtains a sample of the distortion added to the output signals by the main amplifiers, and then phase shifts the signals by 180 degrees then feeds the signal to the error amplifier. There it is amplified to the same power level as the input sample and coupled on to the main output signal. The final output is monitored by the 2nd loop and adjusted to ensure that the signal distortion and IMD on the final output is cancelled. 3.6 Main Amplifier The input and output of the amplifier employ two-stage, class AB amplifiers, which provide approximately 25 dB of gain in the 25 MHz frequency band, from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. The amplifier operates on +27 Vdc, and is mounted directly on a heat sink, which is temperature monitored by a thermal sensor. If the heat sink temperature exceeds 85 C. a high temperature fault occurs. The alarm logic controls the transistor bias voltage; this shuts down the amplifier if bias voltage is out of range. 5 3.7 Error Amplifier The primary function of the error amplifier is to sample and amplify the signal distortion level generated by the main amplifier. The error amplifier cancels out the distortion and IMD when the error signal is coupled onto the main signal at the amplifier output. The matching signal levels from the error amplifier are injected back into the main amplifier output reducing any distortion and cancellation of IMD. The error amplifier is a balanced multistage class AB amplifier. It has 75 dB of gain, and produces up to 65 Watt output. The amplifier operates on +27 Vdc and is mounted directly on a heat sink. 3.8 Amplifier Status Monitoring In the main and error amplifier stages, all normal variations are automatically compensated for by the feed-
forward loop control. When large variations occur beyond the adjustment range of the loop control, a loop fault will occur. The amplifier will be disabled, and the LED will be RED. The alarms will be sent via the 21-pin connector on the rear of the module to the sub-rack summary alarm board. 3.9 Amplifier Module Cooling Each amplifier module has its own heat sinks. All main amplifier components are mounted to the heat sink. Forced air-cooling is used to pull air across the heat sinks for operations in the sub-rack. The fans for this forced air-cooling is located in the sub-rack assembly. The fans are mounted in the rear of the sub-rack assembly. Air is pulled from the front of the amplifier and exhausted out of the back of the rack. 3.10 DC Power Distribution Primary Vdc for the system is provided by the host system to the sub-rack assembly. The sub-rack supplies the +27 Vdc to the amplifier module. The +27 Vdc is supplied directly through the sub-rack power splitter/combiner board. The amplifier module has a DC/DC converter that converts the +27 Vdc to +12 Vdc, +5Vdc, Section 4 Operating Instructions 4.1 Introduction This section contains operating instructions for the MAF800-100S Cellular Amplifier System. 4.2 Function of Amplifier Module Controls Primary +27 Vdc power for the MAF800-100S amplifiers is applied via the 50-amp circuit breaker on the front panel of the amplifier. A reset switch is located below the LED on the front panel. This switch resets the amplifier module in the event of a minor alarm. The front panel LED is a multi color LED that changes from GREEN in normal operation to RED during major or AMBER during minor alarms. 6 4.3 Alarm Definition ALARM CATEGORY LED MCPA MODULE MCPA DISABLE SIGNAL CONDITION High High Low High Low High Low High High High Low High MCPA module output power
> 150 Watts Input power > - 4 dBm High temperature detected High temperature detected for longer than two minutes Reflected power detected at output >7.5 Watts Reflected power detected at output >26 Watts One of the internal DC voltages dropped below or exceeded the safe threshold level Voltage out of range for longer than approximately two minutes.
+27 Vdc input >28 V detected
+27 Vdc input >28 V. for longer than one second after initial detection of Vdc input >28 V. Loop failure detected Loop failure detected longer than two minutes. Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Red Disable Disable Enable Disable Enable Disable Enable Disable Disable Over PWR Critical Over PWR High TEMP High TEMP VSWR VSWR DC Fail Critical Minor Critical Minor Critical Minor DC Fail Critical Minor DC Fail
(Over Voltage) DC Fail
(Over Voltage) Loop Fail Loop Fail Critical Red Disable Minor Critical Red Red Enabled Disable 7 4.4 Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures To perform initial start-up, proceed as follows:
1. Carefully remove MAF800-100S MCPA series from the shipping carton 2. Place MAF800-100S MCPA into the sub-rack assembly When placing MAF800-100S MCPA into sub-rack gently slide MCPA into matting connector. Damage can occur to matting connector due to abrupt handling of the unit. Caution Note All RF connections to the unit will be of 50 ohm. Any changes in impedance will cause severe mismatch and VSWR to occur. Do not operate the amplifier without a load attached to the output of the sub-rack. 3. Connect all RF input and output cables to the sub-rack. 4. Ensure that source RF power is un-keyed or turned off. 5. Connect +27 Vdc power source to sub-rack 6. Turn ON/OFF switch on the front panel to the ON position. 7. Ensure sub-rack fans are working. 8. Normalize amplifier for 1 minute in ON position. Monitor for alarms on front panel. 9. Before turning on source RF power, verify RF level is set to minimum. High source input level can damage amplifier. 10. Turn-on 1 channel from source power. Set power level. Note If operating MAF800-100S MCPA without sub-rack, individual fans, RF attenuation, and D-Sub connector needs to be assembled for operation. Please contact your representative at Paradigm Wireless Systems for information. During initial operation of MAF800-100S components of the unit may drift. It is recommended that a recheck of power levels be done after a 24 hr. period of operation Section 5 Installation Instructions 5.1 Introduction This section contains unpacking, inspection, installation instructions and recommendations for the MAF800-100S MCPA. It is important that the user perform the following tasks correctly and in good faith. 1. Carefully read all materials in this section prior to equipment unpacking or installation. 2. Also read and review the operating instructions in Section 4 prior to installing the amplifier. 8 3. If applicable, carefully review the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) rules and regulation as they apply to your installation. 5.2 Electrical Service Recommendations Paradigm Wireless Systems recommends that:
Proper AC line conditioning and surge suppression be provided on the primary AC input to the +27 Vdc source. All electrical service should be installed in accordance with the National Electrical Code, any applicable state or local codes, and good engineering practice. Grounding of all equipment should be in accordance to Bellcore standards. Circuit breakers should be thermal type, capable of handling the anticipated in rush current. 5.3 Air Conditioning Each MAF800-100S MCPA will generate approximately 1900 BTU of heat. When using more than one amplifier it is recommended that a thermal analysis be performed. Ensuring proper cooling will extend the Mean Time Before Failure of the unit. 5.3 Unpacking and Inspection This equipment (as applicable) has been operated, tested, and calibrated at the factory. Carefully open and remove the MAF800-100S amplifier from the shipping container. Retain all packing material and shipping container in the event that the unit must be returned to the factory. Please perform the following steps:
9 CAUTION Exercise care in handling equipment during inspection to prevent damage caused by rough or careless handling. 1. Visually inspect the MAF800-100S MCPA for damage that may have occurred during shipment. 2. Check for evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws, nuts or extraneous packing material in the connector(s). CAUTION Before applying power, make sure that all connectors to the MAF800-100S are secure. Make sure that the input and output of the amplifier is terminated to 50 ohms. Do not operate the system without a load attached. Excessive input power may damage the equipment. If possible, inspect the equipment in the presence of the delivery person. If the equipment is damaged:
The carrier is your first recourse. A claim should be filed with the carrier once the extent of damage is assessed. Careful, immediate inspection is important if the carrier is suspect of damage. If the equipment is damaged and must be returned to the factory:
Contact your Paradigm Wireless Systems representative. Paradigm Wireless Systems may not accept returns without an RMA. 5.4 Installation Instructions Model MAF800-100S MCPA is designed for use in a Cellular Radio Base Station. The host enclosure must permit access to the sub-rack for DC power, RF and alarm cables as well as proper ventilation of sub-rack the assembly. Verify that all circuit breakers on the MAF800-100S MCPA are in the OFF position before installation in sub-rack. Turn OFF all external power to the sub-rack before installing MAF800-100S MCPA WARNING 1. Install sub-rack into host radio base station and secure it into place using #10 32x1/2 Phillips screws and #10 flat washers. 2. Connect +27 Vdc using #6 gauge wire. 1- Positive (red) 1- Return/Ground (black). 3. Connect RF IN cable to sub-rack 10 4. Connect RF OUT cable to sub-rack. 5. Connect external ALARM interface to external summary alarm board in host radio base station. 6. Before installing the MAF800-100S MCPA into the sub-rack, inspect the 21-pin-D-sub combo connector on the rear of each amplifier. Verify that all pins are straight, no pins are recessed, and that the alignment shield is not bent. Do not slam amplifiers into the sub-rack. Forcing the amplifier into the sub-rack at too fast a rate may cause pins on the 21-pin-D-sub connector of the amplifier to become recessed or broken. WARNING 7. Continue installing MAF800-100S amplifiers into sub-rack. 8. Apply +27 Vdc power to sub-rack. Measure with VOM +27 Vdc 1.0 Vdc. If the input voltage is above or below the limits. Check DC power rectifier system. 9. Verify cooling fans on sub-rack is operational. 10. Refer to Section 4 for initial turn-on and checkout procedure. Section 6 Maintenance 6.1 Introduction This section contains periodic maintenance and performance test procedures for Paradigm Wireless Systems MAF800-100S Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier. NOTE Check your sales order and equipment warranty before attempting to service or repair the unit. Do not break the seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty will be voided. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until proper shipping instructions are received from the factory. 6.2 Periodic Maintenance Periodic maintenance is recommended. Table 6-1 lists the intervals at which the task should be performed. Table 6-1 Periodic Maintenance Task Inspection Interval Action Cables and Connectors 3 months Inspect signal and power cables for frayed insulation. 11 Performance Tests 12 months Clean Fans/Heat Sinks 3 months Check RF connectors ensure connectors are tight Annual performance test as outlined in paragraph 6.4 Inspect for debris. Remove dust with soft cloth, brush or vacuum cleaner. 6.3 Test Equipment Required for Test Test equipment required to test the amplifier is listed in table 6-2. Equivalent test equipment may be substituted for any item. Use of a thermistor type power meter is recommended for optimum results. All RF test equipment must be calibrated and within the calibration date. Any deviation from the nominal attenuation must be accounted for and factored into all output readings. NOTE 12 Table 6-2 Test Equipment Required Nomenclature Network Analyzer Spectrum Analyzer Power Meter Power Meter/Sensor Signal Generator/ESG Directional Coupler Attenuator Attenuator Manufacturer Model Agilent Agilent Agilent Agilent Agilent Agilent Weinschel Corp Narda 8753 ET 8560E E4418B 437B / 8481A E4432B 778D 53-30-34 766-20 6.4 Performance Test Performance test should be performed every 12 months to ensure that the amplifier meets the operational specifications. The frequencies used in this test are typically within the operating band of 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Select evenly spaced F1, F2, F3, and F4 frequencies that cover the instantaneous bandwidth of your system. NOTE Figure 6-2 13 6.5 Amplifier Performance Test To perform this test proceed as follows:
Connect test equipment as shown in figure 6-2. WARNING DO NOT APPLY ANY RF AT THIS TIME 6.6 Amplifier Spurious Emission Test Apply +27 Vdc from the power source. Apply 4 RF input signals (CDMA, TDMA, GSM, EDGE) equal to the total composite operating output power. Setup Spectrum Analyzer for Center Frequency (User Defined), Start Frequency (User Defined), Stop Frequency (User Defined MHz) Span (User Defined MHz) RES BW (100 kHz) Video BW (100 kHz) Measure IMD and record data on Table 6-3. 6.7 Gain Test Disconnect spectrum analyzer from the MAF800-100S. Connect Network Analyzer to MCPA. Set Network Analyzer as follows:
a. Normalize Network Analyzer for gain and return loss. b. Set start frequency to 860 MHz. Set stop frequency to 900 MHz. Setup Network Analyzer for 2-
channel measurement. Set markers to user operating frequency band. c. Adjust input power of Network Analyzer to measure 50 watts on the Power Meter. d. Measure and record amplifier gain on Table 6-3. e. Measure Gain Flatness and record on table 6-3. f. With Network Analyzer setup for 2-channel operation measure return loss using S 11 data Record on. Table 6-3. 14 Table 6-3 MAF800-100S MCPA Test Data Sheet Date_________________________ Module S/N___________________ TEST CONDITIONS:
Load and Source Impedance: 50 Ohms VSWR: < 1.2:1 Supply Voltage: +27 Vdc Temperature: Room Temperature TEST SPECIFICATION MIN MAX DATA Spurious Emission Voltage = +27 Vdc P(
)out =
RF Gain Gain Flatness Input Return Loss Voltage = +27 Vdc P(
)out =
Voltage = +27 Vdc P(
)out =
Voltage = +27 Vdc P(
)out =
-57 dBc 0.5 dB 57 dB
-15 dB PASS Tested By: _____________________ FAIL 15 6.1 Field Replacement of the MAF800-100S The MAF800-100S MCPA can be replaced in the field on the site by a qualified technician with experience maintaining RF power amplifiers and radio equipment. To replace a power amplifier module, proceed as follows:
1. Set ON/OFF switch on front of amplifier to OFF position. 2. Loosen the thumbscrews that secure the amplifier to the sub-rack. 3. Slide amplifier out of sub-rack. CAUTION When removing amplifier from the sub-rack, it is important to support the amplifier such that the rear of the module does not suddenly drop when the guide rail disengages from the rack. A drop such as this could damage the rear of the 21-pin-D-
sub connector. 4. Replacement of module is done in the reverse order of removal steps 1-3. 16 Section 7 Troubleshooting Shooting 7.1 Introduction This section contains a list of problems that may occur. Paradigm Wireless Systems has suggested corrective action that may correct the problem. If the suggested corrective action does not eliminate the problem, please contact your Paradigm Wireless Systems representative for further instructions. Check your sales order and equipment warranty before attempting to service or repair the unit. Do not break seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty will be voided. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until proper shipping instructions are received from the factory. NOTE 7.2 Troubleshooting Refer to Table 7-1 for troubleshooting suggestions:
Symptom Inoperative Over Heating Shut Down Over Power Shut Down Suggested Action 1.Check for proper power supply voltage. 2.Verify all RF connections. 3.Contact your Paradigm Wireless Systems representative. 1.Check for operation of fans on sub-rack assembly. 2.Check for debris in heat sink 3.Check air conditioning/venting unit for proper operation. 4.Contact your Paradigm Wireless Systems representative. 1.Verify host system radio output power level. 2.Verify sub-rack input attenuation. 3.Contact your Paradigm Wireless Systems representative. 7.3 Return for Service Procedures When returning products to Paradigm Wireless Systems, Inc. the following procedures will ensure response. 7.3.1 Obtaining an RMA (Return Material Authorization) An RMA number must be obtained prior to returning equipment to the factory for service. Please contact your Paradigm Wireless Systems representative to obtain this number. Failure to obtain this number may result in delays in receiving repair service. 7.3.2 Repackaging for Shipment To ensure safe shipment of the amplifier, it is recommended that the packaged designed for the amplifier is used. The original packaging material is reusable. 17