FCC ID: E675JS0071 Multi Carrier RF Power Amplifier

G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier Installation and Service Manual 044-05177 Rev A January 2005 2005 Powerwave Technologies, Incorporated. All rights reserved. Powerwave Technologies and the Powerwave logo are registered trademarks Powerwave Technologies, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to the documentation and equipment including, but not limited to, component substitution and circuitry changes. Changes that impact this manual may subsequently be incorporated in a later revision of this manual. This Powerwave product is designed to operate within the Normal Operating (typical operating) ranges or conditions specified in this document. Operation of this equipment beyond the specified ranges in this document may cause (1) spurious emissions that violate regulatory requirements; (2) the equipment to be automatically removed from service when maximum thresholds are exceeded; or (3) the equipment to not perform in accordance with its specifications. It is the Operator's responsibility to ensure this equipment is properly installed and operated within Powerwave operating specifications to obtain proper performance from the equipment and to comply with regulatory requirements. 044-05177 Rev A Warnings, Cautions, and Notes Warnings, cautions, and notes are found throughout this manual. The associated icons in warnings and cautions are used to quickly identify a potential condition that could result in the consequences described below if precautions are not taken. Notes clarify and provide additional information to assist the user. WARNING This warning symbol means danger. You are in a situation that could cause bodily injury. Before you work on any equipment, be aware of the hazards involved with electrical and RF circuitry and be familiar with standard practices for preventing accidents. CAUTION This caution symbol means reader, be careful. In this situation, the user might do something that could result in equipment damage or loss of data. Note This note symbol means reader, take note. Notes contain helpful suggestions or references to material not covered in the document. Procedures are not contained in notes. 044-05177 Rev A i Revision Record Revision Record Revision Letter A Date of Entry January, 2005 Reason for Change Original version of product ii 044-05177 Rev A Table of Contents Chapter Number Title Chapter 1 General Description Page 1-1 1-1 1-2 1-3 1-4 1-5 1-5.1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................1-1 General Description...................................................................................................................1-1 Functional and Physical Specifications .....................................................................................1-4 Ordering Information..................................................................................................................1-5 General Safety..............................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. Electronic Modules .......................................................................Error! Bookmark not defined. Chapter 2 Installation 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-3 2-4 2-5 2-5.1 2-5.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................2-1 Unpacking and Inspection .........................................................................................................2-1 Air Conditioning .........................................................................................................................2-2 Electrical Load ...........................................................................................................................2-2 Installation Instructions ..............................................................................................................2-3 Installing the Amplifier into the Sub-rack ...................................................................................2-3 Combo Connector......................................................................................................................2-4 Chapter 3 Operating Instructions 3-1 3-1 3-2 3-2.1 3-2.2 3-2.3 3-3 Introduction ................................................................................................................................3-1 Controls and Indicators..............................................................................................................3-1 RESET Switch ...........................................................................................................................3-1 LED Status Indicator and RESET/On/Off Toggle Switch ..........................................................3-1 RJ-11 PC Interface ....................................................................................................................3-2 Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures.................................................................................3-2 Chapter 4 Principles of Operation................................................................... 4-1 Introduction ................................................................................................................................4-1 RF Input Signal ..........................................................................................................................4-1 RF Output Load .........................................................................................................................4-1 Functional Description ...............................................................................................................4-1 Preamplifier................................................................................................................................4-2 Main and Error Amplifiers ..........................................................................................................4-2 Alarm Monitoring and Control....................................................................................................4-2 First and Second Loop Control Circuits.....................................................................................4-3 Pilot Tone Generator .................................................................................................................4-3 Amplifier Module Cooling...........................................................................................................4-3 Power Distribution......................................................................................................................4-3 Amplifier Alarms.........................................................................................................................4-4 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-4 4-4.1 4-4.2 4-4.3 4-4.4 4-4.5 4-5 4-6 4-7 044-05177 Rev A iii Chapter 5 Maintenance 5-1 5-1 5-2 5-3 5-4 5-4.1 5-4.2 5-4.3 5-4.4 5-5 5-5.1 5-5.2 Introduction ................................................................................................................................5-1 Periodic Maintenance ................................................................................................................5-1 Test Equipment Required For Test ...........................................................................................5-1 Amplifier Performance Test .......................................................................................................5-2 Amplifier Spurious Emissions Test: ...........................................................................................5-2 Gain Test: ..................................................................................................................................5-3 Input Return Loss: .....................................................................................................................5-4 Test Data Sheet.........................................................................................................................5-5 Return For Service Procedures .................................................................................................5-5 Obtaining An RMA .....................................................................................................................5-5 Repackaging For Shipment .......................................................................................................5-5 Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms 1 List of Figures Page Figure Title Figure Number Figure 1-1. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front and Rear Isometric View ............................................1-1 Figure 1-2. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Side View ................................................................................1-2 Figure 1-3. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Bottom View ............................................................................1-2 Figure 1-4. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front Panel..............................................................................1-3 Figure 2-1. Power Switch Functions and Unlocking/Locking Thumbscrews.............................................2-3 Figure 2-2. Combo Connector (Male, on Rear of G3L-850-135 Amplifier Module)...................................2-4 Figure 3-1. G3L-850-135 Controls and Indicators .....................................................................................3-1 Figure 4-1. Functional Block Diagram .......................................................................................................4-2 Figure 5-1. Amplifier Test Setup Diagram Configuration A ....................................................................5-3 Figure 5-2. Amplifier Test Setup Configuration B ..................................................................................5-4 List of Tables Table Title Page Table Number Table 1-1. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Specifications ......................................................................................1-4 Table 1-2. Major System Components .....................................................................................................1-5 Table 2-1. Averaged Heat Loading............................................................................................................2-2 Table 2-2. Averaged DC Current Load ......................................................................................................2-2 Table 2-3. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Combo Connector Specifications........................................................2-4 Table 3-1. Status Indicator Colors and Status ...........................................................................................3-2 Table 4-1. G3L-850-135 Alarm States.......................................................................................................4-4 Table 5-1. Periodic Maintenance ...............................................................................................................5-1 Table 5-2. Test Equipment Required.........................................................................................................5-1 Table 5-3. Amplifier Performance Data .....................................................................................................5-5 iv 044-05177 Rev A Chapter 1 General Description 1-1 Introduction This manual contains information and procedures for installation and servicing of Powerwaves G3L-850-

135 Amplifier. The manual is organized into two chapters as follows:

Chapter 1 Chapter 2 Chapter 3 General Description Installation Operating Instruction Chapter 4 Chapter 5 Appendix A Principles of Operation Maintenance Glossary of Terms 1-2 General Description The G3L-850-135 Power Amplifier, shown in Figure 1-1through Figure 1-4, operates in the 25 MHz frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz with an instantaneous bandwidth of not more than 25 MHz. The instantaneous bandwidth is the maximum frequency band in which any two or more signals can occupy .The amplifiers instantaneous bandwidth is set automatically and does not require any manual setup. Front Rear Figure 1-1. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front and Rear Isometric View 044-05177 Rev A 1-1 0.389 in.

(0.99 cm) 17.06 in.

(43.33 cm) 1.59 in.

(4.03 cm) 12.09 in.

(30.70 cm) 13.96 in.

(35.45 cm) 19.58 in.

(49.73 cm) Figure 1-2. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Side View 1.90 in.

(4.82 cm) Figure 1-3. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Bottom View 3.86 in.

(9.80 cm) 1-2 044-05177 Rev A 3-Position Switch:

Off/On/RESET RS-232 Port Combo Connector Power. Alarms, and RF I/O Figure 1-4. Model G3L-850-135 Amplifier Front Panel 044-05177 Rev A 1-3 1-3 Specifications Electrical, mechanical, and environmental specifications for the G3L-850-135 amplifier are listed in Table 1-1. Table 1-1. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Specifications Frequency Range Maximum Instantaneous Bandwidth Carrier Types Minimum Channel Spacing Total Maximum Input Power Total Average Output Power DC/RF Conversion Efficiency Intermodulation Distortion and In-Band Spurious:

RF Gain at 869 to 894 MHz Gain Flatness:

Gain Variation Over Temperature:

Output Protection:

Input Port Return Loss:

Out of Band Spurious:

Spurious Performance Duty Cycle:

DC Input Voltage:

DC Input Current:

Operating Temperature:

Storage Temperature:

Operating Humidity:

Storage Humidity:

Altitude 869-894 MHz;

25 MHz bandwidth (lowest to highest transmitted frequency) GSM (up to 12 carriers) (GSM 11.21) EDGE + GSM (up to 4 carriers for each) (TS 25.141) WCDMA (up to 4 carriers) CDMA (up to 8 carriers) TDMA (up to 24 carriers) AMPS Voice, AMPS Data (up to 24 carriers) 600 KHz for GSM, 1.25 MHz for CDMA, 4.6 MHz for W-CDMA, 30 kHz for TDMA & AMPS

-11.69 dBm @ 135 Watts (to achieve rated power);

-11.01 dBm max. 5.7 dBm or greater causes input overdrive shutdown. 135 Watts @27Vdc, @+25 C 120 Watts (GSM/EDGE) @26Vdc to 30Vdc, -33 - +50 C 100 Watts (CDMA, W-CDMA) @26Vdc to 30Vdc, -33 - +50 C

> 16%

-63 dBc (Min) @ +26 to +28 Vdc @ 135 Watts; 600 KHz channel spacing within 25 MHz bandwidth*

63 dB +1 dB

+0.5 dB @ 26 28 Vdc

+0.5 dB from 26 Vdc to 28 Vdc over -20 to +50 C Mismatch protected 11 dB Better than 60 dBc, +26 Vdc to +28 Vdc ITU-R SM329-9, Category A, non-carrier related Continuous

+27 Vdc 1 Vdc, operational range +21.0 Vdc to 30 Vdc amplifier will disable at < 20.5 Vdc or > +30.5 Vdc. 26.5 Amps typical @ 135 W out, 25.0 A @ 120 W out 28 A max @ 135 Watts (over temperature or over voltage);

30 A @ 158 W (Automatic Power Control Limit)

-33 C. to +50 C.

-40 C. to +85 C. 5 % to 95 % relative humidity (non-condensing) 5 % to 95 % relative humidity (non-condensing)

-50 to +4000 M (-164 to 13,125 ft.) 1-4 044-05177 Rev A RF Input / Output / Status / Alarm /

Control / DC Input Connectors:

Maintenance Port 21-Pin D-Subminiature combo connector RJ-11, RS-232 (for factory use only) Continued next page Switches Indicators:

STATUS Dimensions:

Weight:

Note Reset/On/Off Switch LED; Green (normal), Yellow (minor alarm), Red (critical alarm) 35.46 cm wide, 9.56 cm high, 45.0 cm deep (including handles) 13 kg (28.6 lb.) This Powerwave product is designed to operate within the normal operating (typical operating) ranges or conditions specified in this document. Operation of this equipment beyond the specified ranges may cause (1) spurious emissions that violate regulatory requirements; (2) the equipment to be automatically removed from service when maximum thresholds are exceeded; or (3) the equipment to not perform in accordance with its specifications. It is the operator's responsibility to ensure this equipment is properly installed and operated within Powerwave operating specifications to obtain proper performance from the equipment and to comply with regulatory requirements. Industry Canada: The Manufacturer's rated output power of this equipment is for single carrier operation. For situations when multiple carrier signals are present, the rating would have to be reduced by 3.5 dB, especially where the output signal is re-radiated and can cause interference to adjacent band users. This power reduction is to be by means of input power or gain reduction and not by an attenuator at the output of the device. 1-4 Ordering Information Table 1-2 lists major system component numbers and descriptions for use in ordering. Table 1-2. Major System Components Model Number G3L-850-135 Description 135-Watt Amplifier, +27 Vdc

*Amplifier sub-racks sold and described separately 044-05177 Rev A 1-5

(Page intentionally left blank) 1-6 044-05177 Rev A Chapter 2 Installation 2-1 Introduction This chapter contains unpacking, inspection, and installation instructions for the G3L-850-135 Multi-

Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA). Carefully read all material in this chapter prior to equipment installation. Also, read and review the operating procedures in chapter 3 prior to installing the equipment. 2-2 Unpacking and Inspection This equipment has been operated, tested, and calibrated at the factory. Only in the event of severe shocks or other mistreatment should any substantial readjustment be required. Carefully unpack each piece of equipment after it has reached the installation site and is approximately in place. Carefully open the amplifier containers and remove the contents. Inventory all items to ensure all needed materials have been delivered. Retain all packing material to support any claim of shipping damage or for use in the event that the equipment must be returned to the factory. CAUTION Exercise care in handling equipment during inspection to prevent damage caused by rough or careless handling. Visually inspect the Amplifier for damage that may have occurred during shipment as follows:

1. 2. Check for evidence of water damage, bent or warped chassis, loose screws or nuts, or extraneous Inspect the MCPA for damage that may have occurred during shipment. packing material in the connector(s). CAUTION Before applying power, make sure that all connectors are secure. Make sure that the input and output are properly terminated at 50 ohms. Do not operate the amplifier without a load attached. Refer to Table 1-1 for input power requirements. Excessive input power may damage the equipment. If the equipment is damaged:

The carrier is your first area of recourse. A claim should be filed with the carrier once the extent of any damage is assessed. We cannot stress too strongly the importance of IMMEDIATE careful inspection of the equipment and the subsequent IMMEDIATE filing of the necessary claims against the carrier, if necessary. If the equipment is damaged and must be returned to the factory:

Please write or phone for return authorization. Powerwave may not accept returns without a return authorization. 044-05177 Rev A 2-1 2-3 Air Conditioning Each G3L-850-135 amplifier generates 1981 BTU/hour of heat at full 135-Watt power. A 1-ton air conditioner offsets 12,000 BTUs per hour of heat. Each sub-rack, exclusive of amplifiers, generates approximately 42 BTU per hour of heat. The G3L-850-135 amplifier is designed to operate within the extended low temperature and high temperature environments defined in Table 1-1. Table 2-1 describes the heat load (at 120 Watts typical) for a 3-sector (70%), 2-sector (80%), omni (90%), and typical (100%) site. Perform a site survey to determine actual air conditioning needs. Table 2-1. Averaged Heat Loading Amplifier Power No. Of Amplifiers 3-Sector (70%) Averaged BTU/hour 2-Sector (80%) Averaged BTU/hour 1-Sector (90%) Averaged BTU/hour 135 135 135 135 4 3 2 1 6,956 5,217 3,478 1,739 5,565 3,710 1,855 3,806 1,903 100%

Typical 7,924 5,943 3,962 1,981 2-4 Electrical Load Table 2-2 lists the current consumption at 27 Vdc. Table 2-2. Averaged DC Current Load Amplifier Power 135 135 135 135 No. Of Amplifiers 3-Sector (70%) Averaged Current 2-Sector (80%) Averaged Current 1-Sector (90%) Averaged Current 4 3 2 1 88.8 A 66.6 A 44.4 A 22.2 A 72.6 A 48.4 A 24.2A 50.2 A 25.1 A 100%

Typical 106 A 79.5 A 53 A 26.5 A 2-2 044-05177 Rev A 2-5 Installation Instructions Install the G3L-850-135 amplifier as follows:

WARNING Turn off external primary DC power before connecting DC power cables. Installing the Amplifier into a Sub-rack 2-5.1 1. Inspect the 21WA4 male combo connector (Figure 2-2) on the rear of each amplifier. Verify that all pins are straight, no pins are recessed, packing material is removed, and that the alignment shield is not bent. 2. Set the power Reset/On/Off switch on each amplifier to Off (down position) as shown in Figure 2-1. CAUTION Do not slam or force the amplifier into the sub-rack. This may cause the pins on the combo connector of the amplifier to become recessed or broken. 3. With the thumbscrews in the unlock position, install the amplifier(s) into the sub-rack, positioning each in accordance with the information in the system manual. Turn the top and bottom thumbscrews to the lock position as shown in Figure 2-1 to secure the amplifier(s) in the sub-rack. WARNING Check your work before applying DC voltage to the amplifier. Make certain all connections are tight and correct. 4. Measure primary DC input voltage. DC input voltage should be +27 Vdc 1.0 Vdc. If the DC input voltage is above or below the limits, call and consult an electrician before you turn on your amplifier system. 5. Refer to Chapter 3 for initial turn-on and checkout procedures. Unlocked Position 3-Position Switch:

Reset (Up) On (Middle) Off (Down) Locked Position Figure 2-1. Power Switch Functions and Unlocking/Locking Thumbscrews 044-05177 Rev A 2-3 2-5.2 Combo Connector The power, alarm, control, and RF connections on the amplifier are made through a 21WA4 male connector, located on the rear of the amplifier. Pins are listed and described in Table 2-3. Alarms are interpreted by the amplifier sub-rack and reported to the base station as a system level alarm. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 A1 A2 A3 A4 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 Figure 2-2. Combo Connector (Male, on Rear of G3L-850-135 Amplifier Module) Table 2-3. G3L-850-135 Amplifier Combo Connector Signal List Pins/Signal Names A1 A2 A3 A4 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 RF Input (Coaxial Contact)

+27 Vdc (Power Contact) Ground (Power Contact) RF Output (Coaxial Contact) TX H (RS-485) TX L (RS-485) GND RX H (RS-485) RX L (RS-485) GND MOD_DET Summary Fault DC (On/Off) System Reset TTL NC NC AMP AO AMP A1 AMP A2 NC 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 MCPA Temp 2-4 044-05177 Rev A Chapter 3 Operating Instructions 3-1 Introduction This chapter contains a description of the G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA) controls, indicators, and initial start-up and operating procedures. 3-2 Controls and Indicators The controls and indicators for the G3L-850-135 Power Amplifier consist of the primary power RESET toggle switch, the LED STATUS indicator, and the RJ-11 PC Interface as shown in Figure 3-1. 3-2.1 RESET Switch The RESET Switch, located on the front panel, has three positions, each with its own function. The momentary up position resets fault indications and returns the MCPA to normal operation if a critical or hard fault does not prevent such operation. When the switch is released, it automatically returns to the middle position. The middle position allows normal operation. If no critical faults are present, the MCPA operates normally. The down position is used to turn the MCPA off. The MCPA remains disabled until the switch is manually returned to the middle position. RJ-11 PC Interface Reset/On/Off Toggle Switch Multi-Colored LED Status Indicator Figure 3-1. G3L-850-135 Controls and Indicators 3-2.2 LED Status Indicator and RESET/On/Off Toggle Switch The status indicator, located on the front panel, is a single, tri-color LED. Status is indicated by a combination of color and intermittent/steady operation. The LED has tri-color capability: red, yellow, and green. The LEDs blinking frequency is 0.5-1 Hz with a duty cycle of 45-55%. The LED indicates the status of the MCPA as listed in Table 3-1. 044-05177 Rev A 3-1 Table 3-1. Status Indicator Colors and Status Control/Indicator STATUS (Multi-colored LED Indicator) Description LED Color Green (solid) Green (blinking) Yellow (solid) Yellow Blinking Red (solid) Red/Yellow (alternating) MCPA Status RF enabled, Reset/On/Off switch set to On

(middle position). Operation normal. Standby. Minor* alarm - APC function enabled. VSWR Warning. Major* alarm Critical fault present. If present on only one amplifier, amplifier replacement required. If present on all amplifiers in a sub-rack, a fault likely exists in the sub-rack or in the RF load attached to the sub-rack. Downloading. Do not interrupt power. Toggle Switch Positions RESET (Up) On (Middle) Off (Down) Amplifier in RESET mode. LED indicates Boot mode, then turns solid green. Amplifier enabled. LED indicates solid green Amplifier RF disabled. LED Indicates solid red.

* See Table 4-1 for an explanation of major and minor alarms. 3-2.3 RJ-11 PC Interface The RJ-11 PC Interface connector located on the front panel is for updating the amplifiers firmware, and is for factory use only. 3-3 Initial Start-Up and Operating Procedures To perform the initial start-up, proceed as follows:

1. Verify that all input and output cables are properly connected. CAUTION Before applying power, make sure that the input and output of the amplifier are properly terminated at 50 ohms. Do not operate the amplifier without a load attached. Refer to table 1-2 for input power requirements. Excessive input power may damage the amplifier. Note The amplifiers must be warmed up for a minimum of 5 minutes prior to setting power levels. Failure to properly warm the amplifiers may result in lower output power, once the amplifiers reach operating temperature. 2. Turn on the supply that provides +27 Vdc to the amplifier. 3. Place the power 3-position (Reset/On/Off) switch on the amplifier front panel to the On

(middle) position. 4. Allow the amplifiers to warm up for at least 5 minutes before taking power readings. 3-2 044-05177 Rev A Chapter 4 Principles of Operation 4-1 Introduction This chapter contains functional descriptions of the G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier

(MCPA). 4-2 RF Input Signal The maximum input power for all carrier frequencies to the MCPA should not exceed the limits specified in Table 1-1 4-3 RF Output Load For good power transfer to the RF load, the load impedance should be as closely matched to the output impedance of the MCPA as possible. A VSWR of less than 1.5:1 across the working band of frequencies is satisfactory. If the MCPA is operated into a filter, it maintains its distortion characteristics outside the signal band even if VSWR is infinite. A parasitic signal of less than one-watt incident on the output will not cause distortion at a higher level than the normal forward distortion (i.e. -65 dBc). 4-4 Functional Description The MCPA is a linear, feed-forward amplifier that operates in the frequency band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz with an instantaneous bandwidth of less than 25 MHz. Instantaneous bandwidth is the maximum frequency band that a set of two or more signals can occupy .The MCPAs instantaneous bandwidth is set automatically and does not require manual setup. The MCPA provides a gain of 63 dB. Typical outputs for different carrier types are specified in Table 1-1. Each MCPA module is self-contained and functionally independent of any other MCPA in a system. The MCPAs are designed for parallel operation to achieve a high peak power output. Each MCPA has an alarm board that monitors performance. If a failure or fault occurs, it is transmitted to the subrack via the module rear connector. The sub-rack reports all alarms to the host system. Continuously comparing active paths with passive references, and correcting for small variations through RF feedback maintains constant gain. All gain variations, for example those due to temperature, are reduced to the passive reference variations. Refer to Figure 4-1 for the amplifier functional block diagram. The amplifier consists of the following major functional blocks:

Preamplifier Main amplifier Error amplifier Alarm monitoring and control First and second loop control circuits Pilot tone generator 044-05177 Rev A 4-1 Figure 4-1. Functional Block Diagram 4-4.1 Preamplifier The RF carriers are applied to the input port of the MCPA, where they are fed to the preamplifier stage. The preamplifier provides two stages of class-A mode-amplification. The output of the preamplifier is then split into two paths, one to the main amplifier and one to the error amplifier. 4-4.2 Main and Error Amplifiers The main amplifier provides a balance of gain and power and employs class AB amplification for maximum efficiency. The error amplifier and feed forward loops correct signal distortion introduced by non-linearity in the class AB main amplifier. The error amplifier operates in class A mode. The RF signal from the preamp is coupled to an attenuator and phase shifter in the first feed-forward loop where it is phase shifted by 180 degrees and amplified in the pre-main amplifier. The output from the pre-main amplifier is fed to the class AB main amplifier. The signal output from the main amplifier is sampled using a coupler, and the sample signal is combined with the main input signal and input to the second feed-forward loop. The error signal is attenuated, phase shifted 180 degrees, then fed to the error amplifier where it is amplified to a level identical to the sample output from the main amplifier. The output from the error amplifier is then coupled back and added to the output from the main amplifier. The control loops continuously make adjustments to cancel out any distortion in the final output signals. 4-4.3 Alarm Monitoring and Control The alarm logic controls the +5 Vdc bias voltage that shuts down the amplifier. During routine operation, all normal variations are automatically compensated for by the feed-forward loop control. However, when large variations occur beyond the adjustment range of the loop control, a loop fault occurs. When this happens, an alarm indicator is illuminated on the front panel of the sub-rack. The fault is transmitted back to an external summary module via the external alarm interface connection on the front panel of the sub-rack. 4-2 044-05177 Rev A 4-4.4 First and Second Loop Control Circuits The primary function of the first loop is to amplify the carrier signals and isolate an error signal for the second loop. The primary function of the second loop is to amplify the error signal to cancel out spurious products developed in the main amplifier. The input signal is amplified by a preamplifier and fed to a coupler and delay line. The signal from the coupler is fed to the attenuator and phase shifter in the first loop. The first loop control section phase shifts the main input signals by 180 degrees and constantly monitors the output for correct phase and gain. The second loop control section obtains a sample of the distortion added to the output signals by the main amplifiers. The signal is phase shifted 180 degrees, then fed to the error amplifier where it is amplified to the same power level as the input sample. The signal is then coupled to the error signal of the main amplifier output. The final output is monitored by the second loop and adjusted to ensure that the signal distortion and intermodulation distortion (IMD) on the final output is cancelled out. 4-4.5 Pilot Tone Generator A pilot tone is an internally generated signal, whos precise frequency, phase, and amplitude is known. Passing through the amplifier, the pilot tone is distorted in the same way that signals are distorted. To accomplish this, the pilot tone signal is injected into the first loop and then detected at the feed-forward output of the second loop. The pilot tone is coupled off of the main amplifier, thus creating a second pilot tone, attenuated and phase shifted 180 degrees to be used as the reference. This second pilot tone is then amplified in the error amplifier and mixed with the signals from the main signal path. Ideally, the two pilot tones, both amplified, should cancel each other out. If they do not cancel each other out, as determined by an output detector, the information is fed back to control the gain and phase of both the main and error amplifier paths such that the output distortion is minimized. 4-5 Amplifier Module Cooling The amplifier is cooled by forced air flowing over its heat sink, which is provided by external fans mounted on the MCPA sub-rack. The fans are field replaceable. Each amplifier, when properly cooled, maintains the amplifier within the specified operating temperature range. Six inches of free space are required at both the front and rear panels of the sub-rack to allow adequate air volume to circulate over the heat sinks. 4-6 Power Distribution Primary DC power for the amplifier is provided by the host system. The amplifier module has a DC/DC converter and voltage regulator that converts the +27 Vdc to +15 Vdc, +5 Vdc, and -5 Vdc for internal use. 044-05177 Rev A 4-3 4-7 Amplifier Alarms The amplifier alarms are listed and described in Table 4-1. The front panel LEDs are described in Chapter 3. Table 4-1. G3L-850-135 Alarm States Major Alarm -

Causes MCPA RF section to be disabled Minor Alarm -

Does not cause MCPA RF section to be disabled Amplifier Alarm Definition Amplifier Mode Auto-Recovery Event/Fault Log Output Overpower Automatic Power Control

(APC) Input Overdrive Disable the MCPA immediately if the output power is > +2 dB over rated power. Enabled if the output power is > 51.7 dBm + 0.3 dB Note: If the MCPA cannot compensate the gain to maintain compliance, the Output Overpower or Input Overdrive Faults will protect the MCPA. Disable the MCPA immediately if the input RF power is more than 5.7 dBm Major Input power decreases below APC threshold (-11.2 dBm) Records output overpower event after system disabled Minor

(Yellow LED display) Amplifier auto-recovers when the output power drops below 51.6 + 0.3 dB. Major Input power decreases below APC threshold (-11.2 dBm) High Temperature Sensor temperature is >

+85 C Major Low Gain Disable the MCPA if the gain of the MPCA is lower than

+50 dB for a duration of 1 minute with input power no more than 33 dBm Major

(Blinking yellow LED display) Reflected Power Reverse RF output power is

> +48.3 dBm for a duration of 1-minute Major Disable the MCPA immediately if the supply DC voltage > +30.5 Vdc Major Amplifier auto-recovers when the sensor temperature drops to < +75 C. The amplifier attempts to increase gain to more than +50 dB. After 10 unsuccessful attempts, permanent shutdown. MCPA waits 15 min before initiating autorecovery. Amplifier recovers if reverse power is below +48.3 dBm Auto-recovery when the supply voltage drops to < +29.5 Vdc Disable the MCPA immediately if the supply DC voltage < +20.5 Vdc Major Auto-recovery when the supply voltage increases to > +24 Vdc High Voltage Low Voltage Records input overdrive event, system disable event, each auto recovery event*

Records over temperature event, system disable event, each auto recovery event, Records low gain event, system disable event, each auto recovery event, Records high reflected power event, each auto recovery event*

Records supply DC fault event, system disable event, each auto recovery event*

Records low voltage event, system disable event, each auto recovery event*

4-4 Continued next page 044-05177 Rev A Loop Fail Internal DC Fail Device Fail Loop convergence fail Major Internal voltages failed or out of range One or more output power devices fail Minor

(no LED display) Major Loop converges. Tries to auto recover 10 times before permanent shut down. Auto-recovery once the voltage is within the range. After 10 attempts, if still unsuccessful, permanent shutdown. 10 auto-recovery attempts; if still unsuccessful, permanent shutdown.. Records internal DC fault event, system disable event, each auto recovery event*

Records internal DC fail event, system disable event, each auto recovery event*

Records device fault event 044-05177 Rev A 4-5

(Page intentionally left blank) 4-6 044-05177 Rev A Chapter 5 Maintenance 5-1 Introduction This chapter contains periodic maintenance and performance test procedures for the G3L-850-135 Multi-Carrier Power Amplifier (MCPA). Note Do not break the seals on equipment under warranty or the warranty will be null and void. Do not return equipment for warranty or repair service until proper shipping instructions are received from the factory. 5-2 Periodic Maintenance Periodic maintenance requirements and the intervals at which the tasks should be performed are listed in Table 5-1. Table 5-1. Periodic Maintenance Interval 12 Months Action CChheecckk RRFF ccoonnnneeccttoorrss ttoo eennssuurree tthhaatt tthheeyy aarree ttiigghhtt.. Task Inspection:

Connectors PPeerrffoorrmmaannccee TTeessttss CClleeaann FFaannss//HHeeaatt SSiinnkkss 3 Months 12 Months PPeerrffoorrmm aannnnuuaall tteesstt ppeerr ppaarraaggrraapphh 55--44.. IInnssppeecctt ffoorr ddeebbrriiss.. RReemmoovvee dduusstt wwiitthh aa ssoofftt ccllootthh//bbrruusshh oorr vvaaccuuuumm cclleeaanneerr.. CClleeaann tthhee ffaann bbllaaddeess iinn tthhee aassssoocciiaatteedd ssuubb--

rraacckk.. 5-3 Test Equipment Required For Test Test equipment required to test the amplifier is listed in Table 5-2. Equivalent test equipment may be substituted for any item, keeping in mind that a thermistor type power meter is required. Note All RF test equipment required must be calibrated to 0.05 dB resolutions. Any deviation from the nominal attenuation must be accounted for and factored into all output readings. Table 5-2. Test Equipment Required Nomenclature Manufacturer Model 044-05177 Rev A 5-1 Agilent Bird Bird Agilent Agilent Agilent Sony Agilent 8656B Tenuline 8560E 778D 437B / 8481A AWG2021 8753C Signal Generator 20 dB Attenuator, 250 Watt 20 dB Attenuator, 20 Watt (2 each) Spectrum Analyzer Coax Directional Coupler Power Meter / Sensor Arbitrary Waveform Generator Network Analyzer

* Any equipment substituted should have equivalent specifications. 5-4 Amplifier Performance Test Performance testing should be conducted every 12 months to ensure that the amplifier system meets the operational specifications listed in Table 5-3. Also verify system performance after any amplifier module is replaced in the field. The test equipment required to perform the testing is listed in Table 5-2, and the test setup is shown in Figure 5-1 and Figure 5-2. Note The frequencies used in this test are typical for an amplifier with a 25 MHz band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Select evenly spaced F1, F2, F3, and F4 frequencies that cover the instantaneous bandwidth of your system. To check amplifier performance, proceed as follows:

WARNING Do not apply any RF signals to the amplifier input until instructed to do so. CAUTIO N Ensure that the correct amount of attenuation is used between the amplifier RF connections and the test equipment to prevent overdrive of the amplifier or the test equipment. 5-4.1 Amplifier Spurious Emissions Test:

1. Connect the test equipment as shown in Figure 5-1. 2. Configure the signal source to produce four frequencies evenly spaced across the instantaneous bandwidth to be used for the amplifier under test. 3. Adjust the output of the signal source to excite the amplifier to its rated output. 4. Use the spectrum analyzer to measure the spurious emissions performance. 5. Record test data in Table 5-3. Verify that the data are within the specifications shown in Table 1-1. 6. Reduce the output of the signal source to minimum. 7. Switch off the Main Power Switch on the amplifier under test. 5-2 044-05177 Rev A 20 dB Directional Coupler RF Out RF In 30 dB Attn 250 W High Pwr 20 dB Attn HP 437B Power Meter 27 Vdc G3L-850-135 PYTHON Multi-

Channel Power Amplifier Gain = 63 dB Output = 135 W = +51.3 dBm HP 8648 A Signal Source 20 dB Directional Coupler Power Meter 30 dB Attn 20 W Sensor Head 8482A HP 8560 E Spectrum Analyzer Sensor Head 8482A CONFIGURATION TEST A INPUT

+1.3 dBm*

* Example. Ensure that sufficient attenuation is present between the amplifier output and your test equipment to avoid overdrive or damage. Refer to test equipment specifications. 04-0262B-A Figure 5-1. Amplifier Test Setup Diagram Configuration A 5-4.2 Gain Test:

1. Disconnect:

a. Spectrum analyzer b. Signal source. c. Power Meter and Sensor Head. 2. Connect the network analyzer as shown in Figure 5-2. 3. Set network analyzer as follows:

a. Power output to -11 dBm max. b. Frequency start to 869 MHz. c. Frequency stop to 894 MHz. d. Normalize the network analyzer for gain and return loss. 4. Switch on the amplifier under test, and ensure that the STATUS switch is in the center position. 5. Check the amplifier gain across the band from 869 MHz to 894 MHz. Gain should be as specified in Table 1-1. Record test data in Table 5-3. 044-05177 Rev A 5-3 27 Vdc G3L-850-135 PYTHON Multi-

Channel Power Amplifier Gain = 63 dB Output = 135 W = +51.3 dBm RF Out RF In 250 W 40 dB Attn HP 8753 D Network Analyzer PORT 1 PORT 2

+1.3 dBm*

* Example. Ensure that sufficient attenuation is present between the amplifier output and your test equipment to avoid overdrive or damage. Refer to test equipment specifications. CONFIGURATION TEST B Figure 5-2. Amplifier Test Setup Configuration B 04-0263B-A Input Return Loss:

5-4.3 1. Retain the test configuration shown in Figure 5-2. 2. Read and record the S11 return loss measurement on network analyzer. Record test data in Table 5-3. 3. Switch off the amplifier under test. 4. Disconnect the test equipment. 5-4 044-05177 Rev A 5-4.4 Test Data Sheet Record the amplifiers performance test data below. DATE Test Conditions:

Load and Source Impedance: 50 Ohms VSWR: < 1.5:1 Supply Voltage: +27 Vdc 0.1 Vdc MODULE S/N Table 5-3. Amplifier Performance Data Test RF Gain Spurious Emissions Gain Flatness Input Return Loss Specification Vcc = 27 Vdc PO = See Table 1-1 Freq. = 869 894 MHz Vcc = 27 Vdc PO = See Table 1-1 869 894 MHz Band Vcc = 27 Vdc PO = See Table 1-1 869 894 MHz Band Vcc = 27 Vdc PO = See Table 1-1 869 894 MHz Band Min Max 62.5 dB 63.5 dB Data

-63 dBc 0.5 dB

--1166 ddBB PASS FAIL Tested by 5-5 Return For Service Procedures When returning products to Powerwave, the following procedures will ensure optimum response. 5-5.1 Obtaining An RMA A Return Material Authorization (RMA) number must be obtained prior to returning equipment to the factory for service. Please contact our Repair Department at (714) 466-1000 to obtain this number, or FAX your request to (714) 466-5800. Failure to obtain this RMA number may result in delays in receiving repair service. 5-5.2 Repackaging For Shipment To ensure safe shipment of the amplifier, it is recommended that the original package designed for shipping the amplifier be reused. If it is not available, contact Powerwaves Customer Service Department for packing materials. 044-05177 Rev A 5-5

(Page intentionally left blank) 5-6 044-05177 Rev A Appendix A Abbreviations and Acronyms Below is a list of the abbreviations and acronyms used in the industry. Abbreviation/

Acronym ACLR ACP A/D ADC AM AMPS ANSI APC APTT ASG ASIC ATE ATP ATTEN BER BOM BPF BS BTS BW C CAD CCA CCW CDMA CDPD CTRL CW Definition Adjacent Channel Leakage Power Ratio Adjacent Channel Power Analog-to-Digital Conversion

{Analog-to-Digital Converter

{Automatic Data Collection Amplitude Modulation Advanced Mobile Phone System American National Standards Institute Automatic Power Control Analog Push To Talk Applications Support Group Application Specific Integrated Circuit Automatic (Automated) Test Equipment Acceptance Test Procedure Attenuator Beyond Economical Repair Bill Of Materials Band Pass Filter Base Station Base Transceiver Station (System) BandWidth Degrees Celsius Computer Aided Design

{Circuit Card Assembly Counter ClockWise Code Division Multiple Access Cellular Digital Packet Data Control

{ClockWise

{Continuous Wave 044-05177 Rev A A-1 Abbreviation/

Acronym dB dBc dBm dBw DIN DLNA DPTT DQPSK DSP DUT ECD ECM EDGE EEPROM EIA EMC EMI EPROM ESD ESG ETDMA ETSI EUT FAR FCC FDMA FET FHMA FM FRU FSK GHz GMSK GOLAY GSC Definition deciBels Referenced to a carrier level Reference to one milliwatt Reference to one watt Deutsches Insitut fr Normung eV Duplexer Low Noise Amplifier Digital Push To Talk Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keyed Digital Signal Processing Device Under Test Estimated Completion Date Electronic Counter Measure Enhanced Data for GSM Evolution Electrically-Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory Electronic Industries Association ElectroMagnetic Compatibility ElectroMagnetic Interference

{Electrically Programmable Read-Only Memory

{Erasable Programmable Read-Only Memory ElectroStatic Discharge Electronic Signal Generator Extended Time Division Multiple Access European Telecommunications Standard Institute Equipment Under Test Failure Analysis Report Federal Communications Commission Frequency Division Multiple Access Field Effect Transistor Frequency Hopping Multiple Access Frequency Modulation Field Replaceable Unit Frequency Shift Key modulation Gigahertz Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying See GSC Golay Sequential Code A-2 044-05177 Rev A Abbreviation/

Acronym GSM HPF HW Hz IAW IC IMD IRL IS-54 IS-95 ISDN ISM ISO kHz LDA LGL LMR LMS LNA LO LPA LPF LSL LVD MC MCA MCPA MCR MFRM MHz MSO MTBF MTSO Definition Global System for Mobile Communications High Pass Filter Hardware Hertz In Accordance With Integrated Circuit InterModulation Distortion Input Return Loss Interim Standard 54 for TDMA Interim Standard 95 for CDMA Integrated Services Digital Network Industrial, Scientific and Medical unlicensed frequency bands

{International Organization for Standardization

{ISOlator Kilohertz Linear Discrete Amplifier (Class A or AB) Lower Guardband Limit Land Mobile Radio Land Mobile Systems Low Noise Amplifier Local Oscillator Linear Power Amplifier Low Pass Filter Lower Specification Limit Low Voltage Disconnect MultiChannel MultiChannel Amplifier

{MultiCarrier Power Amplifier

{MultiChannel Power Amplifier MultiChannel Rack

{Multiple Frequency Radio Mobile

{Multifunction Frequency Radio Modulation Megahertz Master Switch Office Mean Time Between Failures Master Telephone Switch Office 044-05177 Rev A A-3 Abbreviation/

Acronym MU M&TE NAMPS NIOSH NIST NMT NVM OEM OFDM OMS OOB O/P OSHA PA PAF PAR PCB PCMCIA PCN PCS PDA PEP PF PHS PLC PLL PM PMR PO PPM PSC PSTN PTI Definition Measurement Uncertainty Measuring and Test Equipment Narrow Analog Mobile Phone System National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health National Institute for Standards and Technology Nordic Mobile Telephone NonVolatile Memory Original Equipment Manufacturer Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing Operational Method Sheet Out Of Box Output Occupational Safety and Health Administration Power Amplifier Powerwave Amplifier Frame Peak to Average Ration Printed Circuit Board Personal Computer Memory Card International Association Personal Communications Network

{Personal Communications Services

{Personal Communication System(s) Personal Digital Assistant Peak Envelope Power PicoFarads Personal Handyphone System Japan Product Life Cycle Phase Locked Loop

{Phase Modulation

{Preventive Maintenance Peak to Minimum Ratio Purchase Order Parts Per Million

{PCS Single Channel

{Product Serialization Code Public Switched Telephone Network Powerwave Technologies, Inc. A-4 044-05177 Rev A Abbreviation/

Acronym PTT PWAV QA QAM RBW RF RFI RFQ RFS RFSU RGO RH RL RMA RMP RMS RSS Rx SCHPA SCPA SIM SMA SMT SN SO SOE SW TBC TBD TCXO TD TDMA TRU Definition Push To Talk PowerWAVe Quality Assurance Quadrature Amplitude Modulation Resolution BandWidth Radio Frequency Radio Frequency Interference Request For Quotation RF Solutions RF Switching Unit Return Goods Order Relative Humidity Return Loss

{Rack-Mounted Amplifier

{Return Material Authorization Reliability Monitoring Plan (Procedure) Root Mean Square Root Sum Square Receive, Receiver Single-Channel High Power Amplifier Single Channel Power Amplifier System Interface Module SubMiniature Type A (coaxial connector) Surface Mount Technology Serial Number System Outage Sequence of Events SoftWare To Be Confirmed To Be Determined (To Be Defined) Temperature Controlled crystal Oscillator

{Temperature Drift

{Temporary Deviation Time Division Multiple Access Transmit Receive Unit 044-05177 Rev A A-5 Abbreviation/

Acronym TRX Tx UAI UART UCL UCLR UGL UL UMTS UNL URG USL UUT VADJ VBW VCO VFWD VREFL VSWR VVA WCDMA XMT XMTR A-6 Definition Transceiver (Transmit / Receiver) Unit Transmit, Transmitter Use As Is Universal Asynchronous Receiver Transmitter Upper Control Limit Upper Control Limit for Range Upper Guardband Limit Underwriters Laboratories Universal Mobile Telecommunications System Unit Nominal Level Unit Reference Gain Upper Specification Limit Unit Under Test Voltage ADJust (signal name frequently found on schematic or block diagrams) Video BandWidth Voltage Controlled Oscillator Voltage ForWarD (signal name frequently found on schematic or block diagrams) Voltage REFLected (signal name frequently found on schematic or block diagrams) Voltage Standing Wave Ratio Voltage Variable Attenuator Wideband Code Division Multiple Access Transmit Transmitter 044-05177 Rev A NOTES Corporate Headquarters Powerwave Technologies, Inc. 1801 East St. Andrew Place Santa Ana, CA 92705 USA Tel: 714-466-1000 Fax: 714-466-5800 www.powerwave.com Main European Office Antennvgen 6 SE-187 80 Tby Sweden Tel: +46 8 540 822 00 Fax: +46 8 540 823 40 Hong Kong Office 23 F Tai Yau Building 181 Johnston Road Wanchai, Hong Kong Tel: +852 2512 6123 Fax: +852 2575 4860 Copyright January 2005, Powerwave Technologies, Inc. All Rights reserved. Powerwave, Powerwave Technologies, The Power in Wireless and the Powerwave