FCC ID: 2AMFBFM3N Node

User Guide FlatMesh Vibrating Wire Nodes FM3N-VW11 FM3N-VW41 FM3N-VW81 FM3N-VW17 0.02 Contents Warnings 1 Overview

. The FlatMesh System . 1.3 Product Specifications . 1.1

. 1.2 FlatMesh Vibrating Wire Nodes . 1.2.1 Vibrating Wire Sensors . 1.2.2 Compatibility . 1.2.3 Sensor Node Selection . 1.2.4 Product and External Identification Labels . FM3N-VW11 and FM3N-VW17 Physical Specifi-

cation . 1.3.2 FM3N-VW41 and FM3N-VW81 Physical Specifi-

. 1.3.3 Internal Battery . 1.3.4 Channel Combinations . 1.3.5 FlatMesh Radio Specifications . 1.3.6 Vibrating Wire Specifications . cation . 1.3.1

. 2 Installation 2.1 Mounting . 3 Sensor Wiring 3.1 One-Wire Sensor Connectors . 3.2 Multi-channel Breakout Box . 4 Maintenance 5 Support 5.1 Troubleshooting - General

. 5.1.1 No new data from node . 5.2 Troubleshooting - Vibrating Wire . 5.2.1 No frequency or temperature readings . 5.2.2 Unusual frequency or temperature readings . i iii 1 1

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. CONTENTS 5.2.3 System Setup . 5.3 Contact Information . A Import / Export Restrictions B Software Licenses

. B.1 FreeRTOS . B.2 Newlib . B.3 GCC Runtime Library . ii 14 15 16

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. 26 Warnings Warning Protection provided by the equipment may be impaired if used in a manner contrary to this user manual. This device complies with Part 15 of the FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

1. This device must accept any interference, and 2. This device must accept any interference re-

ceived including interference that may cause undesired operation Changes or modifications not expressly approved by Senceive Limited could void the users authority to operate the equipment. This equipment must be professionally installed. Only the following antennas are to be used with the equipment:

Order Code Manufacturer / Part Number FA-FM-WPS Linx FA-FM-LPS FA-FM-ADJ Gain 1.1dBi Siretta DELTA8A/x/SMAM/S/S/17 0dBi EAD 2dBi ANT-2.4-CW-QW-SMA FBKR35068-SM-KR This product must not be disposed of in the normal waste stream. It contains a battery pack and elec-

tronic components and so should be recycled appro-

priately. In accordance with the WEEE guidelines, customers in the European Union may return the product free of charge for recycling at the end of its life. Contact your supplier for details. iii Chapter 1 Overview 1.1 The FlatMesh System A FlatMesh network consists of a number of nodes connecting to one gateway device. In some situations multiple networks may be required on a single site, for example a site in which the number of nodes exceeds the number supported by a single Gateway, or a site where there are a set of separate measurement zones. A FlatMesh Node is a sensing unit with an integrated wireless mesh radio and battery. It participates in a FlatMesh wireless net-

work, forwarding messages as required by the system, and also takes samples from onboard and/or external sensors. Sampling is done on a periodic schedule which may be either fixed or variable. In addition, a sample may be manually requested via the Gateway. 1.2 FlatMesh Vibrating Wire Nodes The FlatMesh Vibrating Wire Node family provides an interface to enable the connection of vibrating wire sensors with integrated temperature sensors. The family consists of four different models, each with different input combinations:

FM3N-VW11 supports a single sensor with one vibrating wire and one temperature sensor FM3N-VW41 supports up to four sensors each with one vibrat-

ing wire and one temperature sensor FM3N-VW81 supports up to eight sensors each one single vi-

brating wire and one temperature sensor FM3N-VW17 supports a single with up to seven vibrating wires and one temperature sensor 1 CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 2 Note Readings can be scheduled anywhere between a few seconds to twelve hours with a time increment of one second, but it should be noted that vibrating wire sensors usually require a delay of at least 30-45 seconds between readings for opti-

mum performance. Figure 1.1: Photo of FM3N-VW11 Figure 1.2: Photo of FM3N-VW41 CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 3 1.2.1 Vibrating Wire Sensors Vibrating wire sensors are class of sensor that are often used in geotechnical or structural monitoring applications. The sensor contains a steel wire that is attached to a mechanical system which converts the property being measured to an increase or decrease in the length of the steel wire. This change in the length of the wire corresponds to a change in the resonant frequency of the wire. An electromagnetic coil is located close to the steel wire. To read the resonant frequency of the wire it is electronically plucked by sending a swept sine signal to the coil. This causes the wire to vibrate and the resonant frequency is sensed by measuring the frequency of the voltage induced in the coil. The ability to read the property from the sensor using frequency means that the signal is resilient to electrical noise, changes in the cable resistance and a number of other problems that affect other types of sensors. The only downside to reading the sensor using frequency is that the mechanical components and the wire itself are typically very sensitive to temperature. To overcome this prob-

lem, vibrating wire devices are fitted with integrated temperature sensors to enable accurate temperature compensation. Vibrating wire sensors support reading many types of environ-

mental and structural values, including:

Strain Gages Crack sensors (linear displacement) Strandmeters Extensometers Settlement Sensors Pressure Cells Load Cells In-Place Inclinometers Stress Meters 1.2.2 Compatibility The FlatMesh Vibrating Wire Nodes have been designed to be sen-

sor agnostic. The system is designed to work with devices that have CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 4 a frequency range of 200-6000Hz and can be stimulated using a swept sine wave of 6V peak to peak. It has been successfully used with a variety of sensor models, including:

Soil Instruments W9 Piezometer Soil Instruments ST1 Spot Weldable Strain Gauge Soil Instruments ST2 Arc Weldable Strain Gauge Soil Instruments ST4 Embedment Strain Gauge Geokon 4500S Piezometer Contact your technical sales representative for more informa-

tion. 1.2.3 Sensor Node Selection The first thing to consider is the type of sensor to be attached. Most vibrating wire sensors (piezometers, extensometers, inclinometers, etc.) contain a single vibrating wire, coil, and temperature sensor. Some larger sensors may contain a number of vibrating wire-coil pairs (typically large load cells containing three, four or six wires), but only a single temperature sensor. The FM3N-VW17 is the best choice for sensors containg multiple vibrating wires, as it has one connector which supports up to seven vibrating wires with a single temperature sensor. For simple, single-wire sensors, the only thing to be considered is the number of devices which are to be co-located. The FM3N-

VW11, FM3N-VW41 and FM3N-VW81 are designed to support up to one, four or eight sensors respectively. Often a FM3N-VW11 is used for small load cells, or at the top of a bore hole with a single piezometer. The FM3N-VW41 is typi-

cally used for strain monitoring on props where three or four strain gauges are mounted around a prop in close proximity to each other. It can also be used at the top of boreholes where a number of piezometers or other down bore hole sensors are mounted down the same tube. The FM3N-VW81 is also often used at the top of boreholes where a number of piezometers or other down bore hole sensors are installed. CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 5 1.2.4 Product and External Identification Labels FM3N-VW11 FM3N-VW41 FM3N-VW81 FM3N-VW17 CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 6 1.3 Product Specifications 1.3.1 FM3N-VW11 and FM3N-VW17 Physical Specification Dimensions Total Mass Housing Material International Protection Marking Mounting Options Operating Temperature Range 90 x 90 x 60 mm 0.57 kg (approx.) Die cast aluminium body IP66/IP67 IP68 at 1m for 24 hours Horizontal magnetic / wall mount Vertical wall mount Vertical magnetic mount

-40C to +85C 1.3.2 FM3N-VW41 and FM3N-VW81 Physical Specification Dimensions Total Mass Housing Material International Protection Marking Mounting Options Operating Temperature Range 1.3.3 Internal Battery Battery Type Nominal Voltage Nominal Capacity Typical Battery Life 90 x 130 x 50 mm 0.75 kg (approx.) Die cast aluminium body IP66/IP67 IP68 at 1m for 24 hours Horizontal magnetic / wall mount

-40C to +85C non-

Chloride, Lithium Thionyl rechargeable 3.6V FM3N-VW11/VW17: 19000mAh FM3N-VW41/VW81: 34400mAh 12-15 years at 20 minute reporting in-

tervals, including when acting as a re-

lay node Consult with Senceive for your applica-

tion CHAPTER 1. OVERVIEW 7 1.3.4 Channel Combinations Number of Ports Port Type Model FM3N-VW11 1 FM3N-VW41 4 FM3N-VW81 8 FM3N-VW17 1 1 VW and 1 Thermistor Channel 1 VW and 1 Thermistor Channel 1 VW and 1 Thermistor Channel 7 VW and 1 Thermistor Channel 1.3.5 FlatMesh Radio Specifications Communication Type Frequency Band Maximum Transmit Power Maximum Antenna Gain Range RF Module Proprietary FlatMesh v3 Mesh Net-

working Protocols IEEE 802.15.4 compliant 2400 - 2485 MHz ISM Band 6.5dBm

(EN 300 328 v1.8.1) 2.2dBi Up to 300m depending on the environ-

ment and fitted antenna Consult with Senceive for your applica-

tion Senceive FM3Node 1.3.6 Vibrating Wire Specifications 0.001 Hz

0.02 Hz Frequency Resolution Frequency Repeatability Frequency Range 200-6000Hz Stimulus Type Swept Sine Wave, 6V peak to peak Thermistor Type 3k NTC Temperature 0.05C Resolution Temperature Accuracy 0.1C Tempreature Range

-40C to +85C Chapter 2 Installation The nodes will be delivered to you pre-configured. Simply affix the nodes to a structure within the range of the rest of the network. 2.1 Mounting There are several mounting options for each of the various vibrating wire derivatives. It should be noted that not all mounting options are available for each derivative. Warning The Vibrating Wire Node with brackets could have a mass of up to 1.5kg. Please ensure that the object you are fixing to can handle this load. Ensure that appropriate methods and materials are used when affixing equipment to a wall. The node should be installed with the antenna oriented in the same direction as the other nodes and the gateway. This is key to ensuring the best radio performance for the FlatMesh network. 8 Chapter 3 Sensor Wiring 3.1 One-Wire Sensor Connectors The FM3N-VW11, FM3N-VW41 and FM3N-VW81 use M12 A coded 5 pole female sockets for each sensor to be attached. The sensor must have be a corresponding male plug fitted. Ask your supplier for sensors with pre-fitted connectors and connector kits. Figure 3.1: One-Wire Sensor Connector Pin Number Pin Description 1 Temperature (+) Temperature (-) 2 Vibrating Wire (+) 3 4 Vibrating Wire (-) Drain/Ground Wire 5 9 CHAPTER 3. SENSOR WIRING 10 3.2 Multi-channel Breakout Box As the connector for the FM3N-VW17 multi-channel device has a high pin count for the connecter size there is no field attachable connector available. Ask your supplier for more details. Sensors with pre-fitted connectors are also available. Chapter 4 Maintenance The product should not require any maintenance after installation. If the need to clean the product should arise, use only a damp cloth and mild detergent. Do not use any solvents as this may dam-

age the enclosure. Warning Only service personnel authorised by the manufacturer may open the enclosure. No user serviceable parts are located inside. 11 Chapter 5 Support 5.1 Troubleshooting - General FlatMesh Nodes are sealed units so checking of devices is confided to visual inspection, checking of connections and measurement of basic device parameters. 5.1.1 No new data from node Check if other nodes on the same gateway have been updating The FlatMesh Gateway operates a store-and-forward system. It col-

lects data from nodes on its network all the time, and then periodi-

cally establishes a connection to the Web Monitor to transfer data. Check the other nodes on the same gateway for similar prob-

lems to rule out a gateway problem. Check that the gateway bat-

tery has been charged correctly in the last two weeks. If the prob-

lem is being seen on a number of gateways on the same site, there could a problem with the backhaul (cellular network or other net-

work connection.) Check for physical damage Check to ensure that the nodes enclosure is whole and undamaged. The network relies on neighbouring nodes to pass messages along to the gateway. There is no reliance on any one node, but if all nodes in a large stretch of the network are not in working or-

der, this is likely to impact other nodes ability to communicate with the gateway. 12 CHAPTER 5. SUPPORT 13 Check that the antenna is tight The antenna connects to the node through a threaded SMA connec-

tion. This should be tightened by hand against the connector on the enclosure. If this connector is loose, the nodes signal strength and therefore its ability to connect to the network will be significantly impaired. Check that the antenna is correctly oriented The antennas orientation can also impact its ability to connect to other nodes. Typically, the correct orientation for the antenna is vertical (perpendicular to the ground.) In tunnels or when monitor-

ing a wall, it may be more appropriate to orient the antenna to be perpendicular to the wall surface. Check with Senceive to ascertain the best arrangement for your site. 5.2 Troubleshooting - Vibrating Wire Vibrating wire sensors are sealed units, so checking of devices is confided to visual inspection, checking of connections and mea-

surement of basic device parameters. 5.2.1 No frequency or temperature readings Check battery readings Check if that the node has been reporting a valid voltage of the most recent sampling periods, if not then see the FlatMesh Node troubleshooting section. Check for physical damage Check that the node, connectors and cabling for damage or signs of either moisture of water ingress, if there is damage to the sensor refer to the sensors manuals trouble shooting section. Check that the sensors connector for damage, that it is fully screwed to the node and that it is connected to the correct port on the Node. Check sensor connections Open up the connector and check that there is a good contact on the screw terminals and that the temperature and the vibrating CHAPTER 5. SUPPORT 14 wires are attached to the correct terminals. Using the free end test harness accessory check that the resis-

tance of both the vibrating wire contact and temperature sensor are within the values as specified in the sensor manual. If you have an external reader and test harness then attach the sensor to the reader and check that the external reader can read the sensor. 5.2.2 Unusual frequency or temperature readings If the sensor is reporting readings over the FlatMesh system but the reads are invalid then the following steps should be used to locate the problem. Check sensor connections Check that the vibrating wire device for damage or signs of either moisture of water ingress, if there are damage to the device then refer to the sensors manuals trouble shooting section. Check sensor installation Check that the sensor is securely attached to the object that is be-

ing monitored and that the object doesnt vibrate as this can cause odd readings. Ensure that it is installed in accordance with the man-

ufacturers instructions. Check that the physical parameter being measured is within the range of the sensor. If the sensor is still producing unusual readings then please refer to the sensors user manuals fault finding section. 5.2.3 System Setup The following information is required to correctly set up a vibrating wire sensor for use on the FlatMesh system. Sensor and manufacturers name Frequency sweep start and finish Maximum excitation voltage Sensor equation and calibration values Sensor baseline reading CHAPTER 5. SUPPORT 15 5.3 Contact Information For assistance and support, contact your supplier or the manufac-

turer:

Senceive Limited Phone: +44 (0) 207 731 8269 Email: support@senceive.com Web: http://www.senceive.com Appendix A Import / Export Restrictions The products described in this user manual contain and use encryp-

tion algorithms for data authentication and security. Some coun-

tries require registration of these technologies. It is the importers responsibility to comply with all local regulations. Contact Senceive for more information. 16 Appendix B Software Licenses The firmware used in this product is partly bound to the following licenses. To obtain the source code for the components which are bound to these licenses, please contact the manufacturer:

Senceive Limited Phone: +44 (0) 207 731 8269 Email: support@senceive.com Web: http://www.senceive.com B.1 FreeRTOS The FreeRTOS.org source code is licensed by the *modified* GNU General Public License (GPL), text provided below. A special exception to the GPL is included to allow you to distribute a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being obliged to provide the source code for any proprietary components. See the licensing section of http://www.FreeRTOS.org for full details. The exception text is also included at the bottom of this file. The FreeRTOS download also includes demo application source code, some of which is provided by third parties AND IS LICENSED SEPARATELY FROM FREERTOS. For the avoidance of any doubt refer to the comment included at the top of each source and header file for license and copyright information. This is a list of files for which Real Time Engineers Ltd are not the copyright owner and are NOT COVERED BY THE GPL. 1) Various header files provided by silicon manufacturers and tool vendors that define processor specific memory addresses and utility macros. Permission has been granted by the various copyright holders for these files to be included in the FreeRTOS download. Users must ensure license conditions are adhered to for any use other than compilation of the FreeRTOS demo applications. 2) The uIP TCP/IP stack the copyright of which is held by Adam Dunkels. Users must ensure the open source license conditions stated at the top of each uIP source file is understood and adhered to. 3) The lwIP TCP/IP stack the copyright of which is held by the Swedish Institute of Computer Science. Users must ensure the open source license conditions stated at the top of each lwIP source file is understood and adhered to. 4) Various peripheral driver source files and binaries provided by silicon manufacturers and tool vendors. Permission has been granted by the various copyright holders for these files to be included in the FreeRTOS download. Users must ensure license conditions are adhered to for any use other than compilation of the FreeRTOS demo applications. 5) The files contained within FreeRTOS\Demo\WizNET_DEMO_TERN_186\tern_code, which are slightly modified versions of code provided by and copyright to Tern Inc. Errors and omissions should be reported to Richard Barry, contact details for whom can be obtained from http://www.FreeRTOS.org. The GPL license text follows. A special exception to the GPL is included to allow you to distribute a combined work that includes FreeRTOS without being obliged to provide the source code for any proprietary components. See the licensing section of http://www.FreeRTOS.org for full details. The exception text is also included at the bottom of this file. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE Version 2, June 1991 Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 Free Software Foundation, Inc. 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Everyone is permitted to copy and distribute verbatim copies of this license document, but changing it is not allowed. Preamble The licenses for most software are designed to take away your freedom to share and change it. By contrast, the GNU General Public License is intended to guarantee your freedom to share and change free softwareto make sure the software is free for all its users. This General Public License applies to most of the Free Software Foundations software and to any other program whose authors commit to using it. (Some other Free Software Foundation software is covered by the GNU Library General Public License instead.) You can apply it to your programs, too. 17 APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 18 When we speak of free software, we are referring to freedom, not price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom to distribute copies of free software (and charge for this service if you wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs;

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utors of a free program will individually obtain patent licenses, in effect making the program proprietary. To prevent this, we have made it clear that any patent must be licensed for everyones free use or not licensed at all. The precise terms and conditions for copying, distribution and modification follow. GNU GENERAL PUBLIC LICENSE TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR COPYING, DISTRIBUTION AND MODIFICATION 0. This License applies to any program or other work which contains a notice placed by the copyright holder saying it may be distributed under the terms of this General Public License. The Program, below, refers to any such program or work, and a work based on the Program means either the Program or any derivative work under copyright law: that is to say, a work containing the Program or a portion of it, either verbatim or with modifications and/or translated into another language. (Hereinafter, translation is included without limitation in the term modification.) Each licensee is addressed as you. Activities other than copying, distribution and modification are not covered by this License; they are outside its scope. The act of running the Program is not restricted, and the output from the Program is covered only if its contents constitute a work based on the Program (independent of having been made by running the Program). Whether that is true depends on what the Program does. 1. You may copy and distribute verbatim copies of the Programs source code as you receive it, in any medium, provided that you conspicuously and appropriately publish on each copy an appropriate copyright notice and disclaimer of warranty; keep intact all the notices that refer to this License and to the absence of any warranty; and give any other recipients of the Program a copy of this License along with the Program. You may charge a fee for the physical act of transferring a copy, and you may at your option offer warranty protection in exchange for a fee. 2. You may modify your copy or copies of the Program or any portion of it, thus forming a work based on the Program, and copy and distribute such modifications or work under the terms of Section 1 above, provided that you also meet all of these conditions:

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<one line to give the programs name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>

This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License** as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program is interactive, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

Gnomovision version 69, Copyright (C) year name of author Gnomovision comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY;

for details type show w. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type show c for details. The hypothetical commands show w and show c should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, the commands you use may be called something other than show w and show c; they could even be mouse-

clicks or menu itemswhatever suits your program. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or your school, if any, to sign a copyright dis-

claimer for the program, if necessary. Here is a sample; alter the names:

APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 20 Yoyodyne, Inc., hereby disclaims all copyright interest in the program Gnomovision (which makes passes at compil-

ers) written by James Hacker.

<signature of Ty Coon>, 1 April 1989 Ty Coon, President of Vice This General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Library General Public License instead of this License.

-

The FreeRTOS GPL Exception Text:

Any FreeRTOS source code, whether modified or in its original release form, or whether in whole or in part, can only be distributed by you under the terms of the GNU General Public License plus this exception. An independent module is a module which is not derived from or based on FreeRTOS. Clause 1:

Linking FreeRTOS statically or dynamically with other modules is making a combined work based on FreeRTOS. Thus, the terms and conditions of the GNU General Public License cover the whole combination. As a special exception, the copyright holder of FreeRTOS gives you permission to link FreeRTOS with independent modules that communicate with FreeRTOS solely through the FreeRTOS API interface, regardless of the license terms of these independent modules, and to copy and distribute the resulting combined work under terms of your choice, provided that

+ Every copy of the combined work is accompanied by a written statement that details to the recipient the version of FreeRTOS used and an offer by yourself to provide the FreeRTOS source code (including any modifications you may have made) should the recipient request it.

+ The combined work is not itself an RTOS, scheduler, kernel or related product.

+ The independent modules add significant and primary functionality to FreeRTOS and do not merely extend the existing functionality already present in FreeRTOS. Clause 2:

FreeRTOS may not be used for any competitive or comparative purpose, including the publication of any form of run time or compile time metric, without the express permission of Real Time Engineers Ltd. (this is the norm within the industry and is intended to ensure information accuracy). B.2 Newlib The newlib subdirectory is a collection of software from several sources. Each file may have its own copyright/license that is embedded in the source file. Unless otherwise noted in the body of the source file(s), the following copyright notices will apply to the contents of the newlib subdirectory:

(1) Red Hat Incorporated Copyright (c) 1994-2009 Red Hat, Inc. All rights reserved. This copyrighted material is made available to anyone wishing to use, modify, copy, or redistribute it subject to the terms and conditions of the BSD License. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY expressed or implied, including the implied warranties of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. A copy of this license is available at http://www.opensource.org/licenses. Any Red Hat trademarks that are incorporated in the source code or documentation are not subject to the BSD License and may only be used or replicated with the express permission of Red Hat, Inc.

(2) University of California, Berkeley Copyright (c) 1981-2000 The Regents of the University of California. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the name of the University nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIB-

UTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES

(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CON-

TRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(3) David M. Gay (AT&T 1991, Lucent 1998) The author of this software is David M. Gay. Copyright (c) 1991 by AT&T. Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this entire notice is included in all copies of any software which is or includes a copy or modification of this software and in all copies of the supporting documentation for such software. THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY. IN PARTICULAR, NEITHER THE AUTHOR NOR AT&T MAKES ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE MERCHANTABILITY OF THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

-

The author of this software is David M. Gay. Copyright (C) 1998-2001 by Lucent Technologies All Rights Reserved Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that the copyright notice and this permission notice and warranty disclaimer appear in supporting documentation, and that the name of Lucent or any of its entities not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission. LUCENT DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS. IN NO EVENT SHALL LUCENT OR ANY OF ITS ENTITIES BE LIABLE FOR ANY SPE-

CIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.

(4) Advanced Micro Devices APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 21 Copyright 1989, 1990 Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. This software is the property of Advanced Micro Devices, Inc (AMD) which specifically grants the user the right to modify, use and distribute this software provided this notice is not removed or altered. All other rights are reserved by AMD. AMD MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE. IN NO EVENT SHALL AMD BE LIABLE FOR INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNECTION WITH OR ARISING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR USE OF THIS SOFTWARE. So that all may benefit from your experience, please report any problems or suggestions about this software to the 29K Technical Support Center at 800-29-29-AMD (800-292-9263) in the USA, or 0800-89-1131 in the UK, or 0031-11-1129 in Japan, toll free. The direct dial number is 512-462-4118. Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. 29K Support Products Mail Stop 573 5900 E. Ben White Blvd. Austin, TX 78741 800-

292-9263

(5) C.W. Sandmann Copyright (C) 1993 C.W. Sandmann This file may be freely distributed as long as the authors name remains.

(6) Eric Backus

(C) Copyright 1992 Eric Backus This software may be used freely so long as this copyright notice is left intact. There is no warrantee on this software.

(7) Sun Microsystems Copyright (C) 1993 by Sun Microsystems, Inc. All rights reserved. Developed at SunPro, a Sun Microsystems, Inc. business. Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is freely granted, provided that this notice is preserved.

(8) Hewlett Packard

(c) Copyright 1986 HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY To anyone who acknowledges that this file is provided AS IS without any express or implied warranty: permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this file for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright notice and this notice appears in all copies, and that the name of Hewlett-Packard Company not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no representations about the suitability of this software for any purpose.

(9) Hans-Peter Nilsson Copyright (C) 2001 Hans-Peter Nilsson Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software is freely granted, provided that the above copyright notice, this notice and the following disclaimer are preserved with no changes. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-

POSE.

(10) Stephane Carrez (m68hc11-elf/m68hc12-elf targets only) Copyright (C) 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002 Stephane Carrez (stcarrez@nerim.fr) The authors hereby grant permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and license this software and its documentation for any purpose, provided that existing copyright notices are retained in all copies and that this notice is included verbatim in any distributions. No written agreement, license, or royalty fee is required for any of the authorized uses. Modifications to this software may be copyrighted by their authors and need not follow the licensing terms described here, provided that the new terms are clearly indicated on the first page of each file where they apply.

(11) Christopher G. Demetriou Copyright (c) 2001 Christopher G. Demetriou All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUD-

ING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-

POSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUB-

STITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(12) SuperH, Inc. Copyright 2002 SuperH, Inc. All rights reserved This software is the property of SuperH, Inc (SuperH) which specifically grants the user the right to modify, use and distribute this software provided this notice is not removed or altered. All other rights are reserved by SuperH. SUPERH MAKES NO WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, WITH REGARD TO THIS SOFTWARE. IN NO EVENT SHALL SUPERH BE LIABLE FOR INDIRECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES IN CONNEC-

TION WITH OR ARISING FROM THE FURNISHING, PERFORMANCE, OR USE OF THIS SOFTWARE. So that all may benefit from your experience, please report any problems or suggestions about this software to the SuperH Support Center via e-mail at softwaresupport@superh.com . SuperH, Inc. 405 River Oaks Parkway San Jose CA 95134 USA

(13) Royal Institute of Technology Copyright (c) 1999 Kungliga Tekniska Hgskolan (Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden). All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. Neither the name of KTH nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY KTH AND ITS CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WAR-

RANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL KTH OR ITS CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DI-

RECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 22 TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTER-

RUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(14) Alexey Zelkin Copyright (c) 2000, 2001 Alexey Zelkin <phantom@FreeBSD.org> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(15) Andrey A. Chernov Copyright (C) 1997 by Andrey A. Chernov, Moscow, Russia. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUD-

ING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUP-

TION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(16) FreeBSD Copyright (c) 1997-2002 FreeBSD Project. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(17) S. L. Moshier Author: S. L. Moshier. Copyright (c) 1984,2000 S.L. Moshier Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software for any purpose without fee is hereby granted, provided that this entire notice is included in all copies of any software which is or includes a copy or modification of this software and in all copies of the supporting documentation for such software. THIS SOFTWARE IS BEING PROVIDED AS IS, WITHOUT ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTY. IN PARTICULAR, THE AUTHOR MAKES NO REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF ANY KIND CONCERNING THE MERCHANTABILITY OF THIS SOFTWARE OR ITS FITNESS FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

(18) Citrus Project Copyright (c)1999 Citrus Project, All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(19) Todd C. Miller Copyright (c) 1998 Todd C. Miller <Todd.Miller@courtesan.com> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the author may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DIS-

CLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEM-

PLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 23 THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER-

WISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(20) DJ Delorie (i386) Copyright (C) 1991 DJ Delorie All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms is permitted provided that the above copyright notice and following paragraph are duplicated in all such forms. This file is distributed WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.

(21) Free Software Foundation LGPL License (*-linux* targets only) Copyright (C) 1990-1999, 2000, 2001 Free Software Foundation, Inc. This file is part of the GNU C Library. Contributed by Mark Kettenis <kettenis@phys.uva.nl>, 1997. The GNU C Library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. The GNU C Library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Lesser General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public License along with the GNU C Library; if not, write to the Free Software Foundation, Inc., 51 Franklin Street, Fifth Floor, Boston, MA 02110-1301 USA.

(22) Xavier Leroy LGPL License (i[3456]86-*-linux* targets only) Copyright (C) 1996 Xavier Leroy (Xavier.Leroy@inria.fr) This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU Library General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU Library General Public License for more details.

(23) Intel (i960) Copyright (c) 1993 Intel Corporation Intel hereby grants you permission to copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation. Intel grants this permission provided that the above copyright notice appears in all copies and that both the copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documentation. In addition, Intel grants this permission provided that you prominently mark as not part of the original any modifications made to this software or documentation, and that the name of Intel Corporation not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software or the documentation without specific, written prior permission. Intel Corporation provides this AS IS, WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, ANY WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. Intel makes no guar-

antee or representations regarding the use of, or the results of the use of, the software and documentation in terms of correctness, accuracy, reliability, currentness, or otherwise; and you rely on the software, documentation and results solely at your own risk. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTEL BE LIABLE FOR ANY LOSS OF USE, LOSS OF BUSINESS, LOSS OF PROFITS, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OF ANY KIND. IN NO EVENT SHALL INTELS TOTAL LIABILITY EXCEED THE SUM PAID TO INTEL FOR THE PRODUCT LICENSED HEREUNDER.

(24) Hewlett-Packard (hppa targets only)

(c) Copyright 1986 HEWLETT-PACKARD COMPANY To anyone who acknowledges that this file is provided AS IS without any express or implied warranty: permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this file for any purpose is hereby granted without fee, provided that the above copyright notice and this notice appears in all copies, and that the name of Hewlett-Packard Company not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to distribution of the software without specific, written prior permission. Hewlett-Packard Company makes no representations about the suitability of this software for any purpose.

(25) Henry Spencer (only *-linux targets) Copyright 1992, 1993, 1994 Henry Spencer. All rights reserved. This software is not subject to any license of the American Telephone and Telegraph Company or of the Regents of the University of California. Permission is granted to anyone to use this software for any purpose on any computer system, and to alter it and redistribute it, subject to the following restrictions:

1. The author is not responsible for the consequences of use of this software, no matter how awful, even if they arise from flaws in it. 2. The origin of this software must not be misrepresented, either by explicit claim or by omission. Since few users ever read sources, credits must appear in the documentation. 3. Altered versions must be plainly marked as such, and must not be misrepresented as being the original software. Since few users ever read sources, credits must appear in the documentation. 4. This notice may not be removed or altered.

(26) Mike Barcroft Copyright (c) 2001 Mike Barcroft <mike@FreeBSD.org> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(27) Konstantin Chuguev (enable-newlib-iconv) Copyright (c) 1999, 2000 Konstantin Chuguev. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 24 A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE. iconv (Charset Conversion Library) v2.0

(28) Artem Bityuckiy (enable-newlib-iconv) Copyright (c) 2003, Artem B. Bityuckiy, SoftMine Corporation. Rights transferred to Franklin Electronic Publishers. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(29) IBM, Sony, Toshiba (only spu-* targets)

(C) Copyright 2001,2006, International Business Machines Corporation, Sony Computer Entertainment, Incorporated, Toshiba Corporation, All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. * Neither the names of the copyright holders nor the names of their contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIB-

UTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES

(INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CON-

TRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(30) - Alex Tatmanjants (targets using libc/posix) Copyright (c) 1995 Alex Tatmanjants <alex@elvisti.kiev.ua> at Electronni Visti IA, Kiev, Ukraine. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUD-

ING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PUR-

POSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUB-

STITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(31) - M. Warner Losh (targets using libc/posix) Copyright (c) 1998, M. Warner Losh <imp@freebsd.org> All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(32) - Andrey A. Chernov (targets using libc/posix) Copyright (C) 1996 by Andrey A. Chernov, Moscow, Russia. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUD-

ING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUP-

TION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT

(INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(33) - Daniel Eischen (targets using libc/posix) Copyright (c) 2001 Daniel Eischen <deischen@FreeBSD.org>. All rights reserved. APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 25 Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE REGENTS OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(34) - Jon Beniston (only lm32-* targets) Contributed by Jon Beniston <jon@beniston.com>

Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE AUTHOR AND CONTRIBUTORS AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHOR OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(35) - ARM Ltd (arm and thumb variant targets only) Copyright (c) 2009 ARM Ltd All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The name of the company may not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission. THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY ARM LTD AS IS AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL ARM LTD BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEM-

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WISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.

(36) - Xilinx, Inc. (microblaze-* and powerpc-* targets) Copyright (c) 2004, 2009 Xilinx, Inc. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:

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(37) Texas Instruments Incorporated (tic6x-* targets) Copyright (c) 1996-2010 Texas Instruments Incorporated http://www.ti.com/

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(38) National Semiconductor (cr16-* and crx-* targets) Copyright (c) 2004 National Semiconductor Corporation The authors hereby grant permission to use, copy, modify, distribute, and license this software and its documentation for any purpose, provided that existing copyright notices are retained in all copies and that this notice is included verbatim in any distributions. No written agreement, license, or royalty fee is required for any of the authorized uses. Modifications APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 26 to this software may be copyrighted by their authors and need not follow the licensing terms described here, provided that the new terms are clearly indicated on the first page of each file where they apply. B.3 GCC Runtime Library GCC RUNTIME LIBRARY EXCEPTION Version 3.1, 31 March 2009 Copyright (C) 2009 Free Software Foundation, Inc. <http://fsf.org/>

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veyance of, a covered work, and grant a patent license to some of the parties receiving the covered work authorizing them to use, propagate, modify or convey a specific copy of the covered work, then the patent license you grant is automatically extended to all recipients of the covered work and works based on it. A patent license is discriminatory if it does not include within the scope of its coverage, prohibits the exercise of, or is conditioned on the non-exercise of one or more of the rights that are specifically granted under this License. You may not convey a covered work if you are a party to an arrangement with a third party that is in the business of distributing software, under which you make payment to the third party based on the extent of your activity of conveying the work, and under which the third party grants, to any of the parties who would receive the covered work from you, a discriminatory patent license (a) in connection with copies of the covered work conveyed by you (or copies made from those copies), or (b) primarily for and in connection with specific products or compilations that contain the covered work, unless you entered into that arrangement, or that patent license was granted, prior to 28 March 2007. Nothing in this License shall be construed as excluding or limiting any implied license or other defenses to infringe-

ment that may otherwise be available to you under applicable patent law. 12. No Surrender of Others Freedom. If conditions are imposed on you (whether by court order, agreement or otherwise) that contradict the conditions of this License, they do not excuse you from the conditions of this License. If you cannot convey a covered work so as to satisfy simultaneously your obligations under this License and any other pertinent obligations, then as a consequence you may not convey it at all. For example, if you agree to terms that obligate you to collect a royalty for further conveying from those to whom you convey the Program, the only way you could satisfy both those terms and this License would be to refrain entirely from conveying the Program. 13. Use with the GNU Affero General Public License. Notwithstanding any other provision of this License, you have permission to link or combine any covered work with a work licensed under version 3 of the GNU Affero General Public License into a single combined work, and to convey the resulting work. The terms of this License will continue to apply to the part which is the covered work, but the special requirements of the GNU Affero General Public License, section 13, concerning interaction through a network will apply to the combination as such. 14. Revised Versions of this License. The Free Software Foundation may publish revised and/or new versions of the GNU General Public License from time to time. Such new versions will be similar in spirit to the present version, but may differ in detail to address new problems or concerns. Each version is given a distinguishing version number. If the Program specifies that a certain numbered version of the GNU General Public License or any later version applies to it, you have the option of following the terms and conditions APPENDIX B. SOFTWARE LICENSES 30 either of that numbered version or of any later version published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program does not specify a version number of the GNU General Public License, you may choose any version ever published by the Free Software Foundation. If the Program specifies that a proxy can decide which future versions of the GNU General Public License can be used, that proxys public statement of acceptance of a version permanently authorizes you to choose that version for the Program. Later license versions may give you additional or different permissions. However, no additional obligations are im-

posed on any author or copyright holder as a result of your choosing to follow a later version. 15. Disclaimer of Warranty. THERE IS NO WARRANTY FOR THE PROGRAM, TO THE EXTENT PERMITTED BY APPLICABLE LAW. EXCEPT WHEN OTHERWISE STATED IN WRITING THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND/OR OTHER PARTIES PROVIDE THE PROGRAM AS IS WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EITHER EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. THE ENTIRE RISK AS TO THE QUALITY AND PERFORMANCE OF THE PROGRAM IS WITH YOU. SHOULD THE PROGRAM PROVE DEFECTIVE, YOU ASSUME THE COST OF ALL NECESSARY SERVICING, REPAIR OR CORRECTION. 16. Limitation of Liability. IN NO EVENT UNLESS REQUIRED BY APPLICABLE LAW OR AGREED TO IN WRITING WILL ANY COPYRIGHT HOLDER, OR ANY OTHER PARTY WHO MODIFIES AND/OR CONVEYS THE PROGRAM AS PERMITTED ABOVE, BE LIABLE TO YOU FOR DAMAGES, INCLUDING ANY GENERAL, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE PROGRAM (INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO LOSS OF DATA OR DATA BEING RENDERED INACCURATE OR LOSSES SUSTAINED BY YOU OR THIRD PARTIES OR A FAILURE OF THE PROGRAM TO OPERATE WITH ANY OTHER PROGRAMS), EVEN IF SUCH HOLDER OR OTHER PARTY HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES. 17. Interpretation of Sections 15 and 16. If the disclaimer of warranty and limitation of liability provided above cannot be given local legal effect according to their terms, reviewing courts shall apply local law that most closely approximates an absolute waiver of all civil liability in connection with the Program, unless a warranty or assumption of liability accompanies a copy of the Program in return for a fee. END OF TERMS AND CONDITIONS How to Apply These Terms to Your New Programs If you develop a new program, and you want it to be of the greatest possible use to the public, the best way to achieve this is to make it free software which everyone can redistribute and change under these terms. To do so, attach the following notices to the program. It is safest to attach them to the start of each source file to most effectively state the exclusion of warranty; and each file should have at least the copyright line and a pointer to where the full notice is found.

<one line to give the programs name and a brief idea of what it does.> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author>

This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU General Public License for more details. You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. Also add information on how to contact you by electronic and paper mail. If the program does terminal interaction, make it output a short notice like this when it starts in an interactive mode:

<program> Copyright (C) <year> <name of author> This program comes with ABSOLUTELY NO WARRANTY; for details type show w. This is free software, and you are welcome to redistribute it under certain conditions; type show c for details. The hypothetical commands show w and show c should show the appropriate parts of the General Public License. Of course, your programs commands might be different; for a GUI interface, you would use an about box. You should also get your employer (if you work as a programmer) or school, if any, to sign a copyright disclaimer for the program, if necessary. For more information on this, and how to apply and follow the GNU GPL, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>. The GNU General Public License does not permit incorporating your program into proprietary programs. If your program is a subroutine library, you may consider it more useful to permit linking proprietary applications with the library. If this is what you want to do, use the GNU Lesser General Public License instead of this License. But first, please read

<http://www.gnu.org/philosophy/why-not-lgpl.html>.