AirPrime WP7504 Hardware Integration Guide 4119157 Rev 1 Important Notice Safety and Hazards Limitation of Liability Preface Due to the nature of wireless communications, transmission and reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost. Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in a normal manner with a well-constructed network, the Sierra Wireless modem should not be used in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless accepts no responsibility for damages of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using the Sierra Wireless modem, or for failure of the Sierra Wireless modem to transmit or receive such data. Do not operate the Sierra Wireless modem in areas where blasting is in progress, where explosive atmospheres may be present, near medical equipment, near life support equipment, or any equipment which may be susceptible to any form of radio interference. In such areas, the Sierra Wireless modem MUST BE POWERED OFF. The Sierra Wireless modem can transmit signals that could interfere with this equipment. Do not operate the Sierra Wireless modem in any aircraft, whether the aircraft is on the ground or in flight. In aircraft, the Sierra Wireless modem MUST BE POWERED OFF. When operating, the Sierra Wireless modem can transmit signals that could interfere with various onboard systems. Note: Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the ground and the door is open. Sierra Wireless modems may be used at this time. The driver or operator of any vehicle should not operate the Sierra Wireless modem while in control of a vehicle. Doing so will detract from the driver or operator's control and operation of that vehicle. In some states and provinces, operating such communications devices while in control of a vehicle is an offence. The information in this manual is subject to change without notice and does not represent a commitment on the part of Sierra Wireless. SIERRA WIRELESS AND ITS AFFILIATES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIM LIABILITY FOR ANY AND ALL DIRECT, INDIRECT, SPECIAL, GENERAL, INCIDENTAL, CONSEQUENTIAL, PUNITIVE OR EXEMPLARY DAMAGES INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, LOSS OF PROFITS OR REVENUE OR ANTICIPATED PROFITS OR REVENUE ARISING OUT OF THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE ANY SIERRA WIRELESS PRODUCT, EVEN IF SIERRA WIRELESS AND/OR ITS AFFILIATES HAS BEEN ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES OR THEY ARE FORESEEABLE OR FOR CLAIMS BY ANY THIRD PARTY. Notwithstanding the foregoing, in no event shall Sierra Wireless and/or its affiliates aggregate liability arising under or in connection with the Sierra Wireless product, regardless of the number of events, occurrences, or claims giving rise to liability, be in excess of the price paid by the purchaser for the Sierra Wireless product. Rev 1 Apr.16 3 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Patents Copyright Trademarks Contact Information This product may contain technology developed by or for Sierra Wireless Inc. This product includes technology licensed from QUALCOMM. This product is manufactured or sold by Sierra Wireless Inc. or its affiliates under one or more patents licensed from InterDigital Group and MMP Portfolio Licensing. 2016 Sierra Wireless. All rights reserved. Sierra Wireless, AirPrime, AirVantage, Skylight, and the Sierra Wireless and Open AT logos are registered trademarks of Sierra Wireless, Inc. or one of its subsidiaries. Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation. QUALCOMM is a registered trademark of QUALCOMM Incorporated. Used under license. Other trademarks are the property of their respective owners. Sales Desk:
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www.sierrawireless.com Revision History Revision number Release date Changes 1 April 2016 FCC / IC certification Specifications subject to change 4 4119157 Contents 1. Introduction . 7 Accessories. 7 2. Power . 9 Power Supply . 9 Module Power States . 9 3. RF Specifications. 11 Conducted Tx power . 12 4. Routing Constraints and Recommendations . 13 General Rules and Recommendations . 13 PCB Layout Recommendations . 13 Power Supply . 13 Antenna. 14 PCB Specifications for the Application Board . 14 Recommended PCB Land Pattern . 14 Routing Constraints. 14 Power Supply . 14 UIM Interface . 15 RF Circuit . 15 USB Interface . 16 Thermal Considerations . 16 EMC and ESD Recommendations . 16 Mechanical Integration . 17 Signal Reference Schematics . 18 5. Regulatory Compliance and Industry Certifications . 21 Important Notice . 21 Safety and Hazards. 21 Rev 1 Apr.16 5 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Important Compliance Information for North American Users . 22 Specifications subject to change 6 4119157 1: Introduction 1 The AirPrime WP7504 is an industrial-grade LGA 239-pad module that provides voice and data connectivity on LTE, HSPA, WCDMA, and CDMA networks. The module also provides GNSS functionality as a SKU-configuration. Accessories A hardware development kit is available for AirPrime WP-series modules. The kit contains hardware components for evaluating and developing with the module, including:
Other accessories Development board Cables Antennas (Additional antennas may be required to support all bands.) Rev 1 Apr.16 7 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Specifications subject to change 8 4119157 2: Power Power Supply 2 The host provides power to the AirPrime WP7504 through multiple power and ground pins. The host must provide safe and continuous power at all times; the module does not have an independent power supply, or protection circuits to guard against electrical issues. For detailed pinout and voltage / current requirements of this module, see the AirPrime WP75XX Product Technical Specification. Module Power States The module has three main power states, as described in Table 2-1. Table 2-1: Supported Power States State Description OFF Module is off (no power to the system). Apply power for system to go to Active state. Interrupt Simple wakeup sources are configured to interrupt from this power-saving state to the Active state. Active The module may be fully functioning (WWAN radio and GNSS radio active), or be operating in airplane mode (WWAN radio off). Module actively reduces power consumption by disabling components that are not in use (for example, stepping down clock signals, putting USB bus into selective suspend, etc.) Wake-Up Events Apply power. An event generated from a state change of RESET_IN_N or POWER_ON_N, or a timeout event. System wakes up (returns to fully active mode) automatically as required, or can be woken directly via wakeable GPIOs. Rev 1 Apr.16 9 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Specifications subject to change 10 4119157 3: RF Specifications 3 The AirPrime WP7504 operates on the frequency bands listed below. Table 3-1: LTE Frequency Band Support Band Frequency (Tx) (MHz) Frequency (Rx) (MHz) B2 B4 B5 B12 B17 B25 B26 18501910 17101755 824849 699716 704716 18501915 814849 19301990 21102155 869894 729746 734746 19301995 859894 Table 3-2: WCDMA Frequency Band Support1 Band Frequency (Tx) (MHz) Frequency (Rx) (MHz) B2 B4 B5 18501910 17101755 824849 19301990 21102155 869894 1. WCDMA channel spacing is 5 MHz, but this can be adjusted to optimize per-
formance in a particular deployment scenario. Table 3-3: CDMA / EVDO Frequency Band Support1 Band BC0 BC1 BC10 Frequency (Tx) (MHz) Frequency (Rx) (MHz) 824849 18501910 816824 869894 19301990 861869 1. WCDMA channel spacing is 5 MHz, but this can be adjusted to optimize per-
formance in a particular deployment scenario. Table 3-4: GNSS Frequency Band Support Band GPS GLONASS Galileo Frequencies (MHz) 1575.42 1.023 1597.521605.92 1575.42 2.046 Rev 1 Apr.16 11 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Conducted Tx power Table 3-5: Conducted Tx Max Output Power Tolerances LTE RF band Min (dBm) Typ (dBm) Max (dBm) Notes B2 B4 B5 B12 B17 B25 B26 22 22 22 22 22 22 22 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 24 24 24 24 24 24 24 Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Table 3-6: Conducted Tx Max Output Power Tolerances WCDMA RF band Min (dBm) Typ (dBm) Max (dBm) Notes B2 B4 B5 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 24 Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Table 3-7: Conducted Tx Max Output Power Tolerances CDMA / EVDO RF band Min (dBm) Typ (dBm) Max (dBm) Notes BC0 BC1 BC10 22 22 22 23 23 23 24 24 24 Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Connectorized (Class 3) Specifications subject to change 12 4119157 4: Routing Constraints and Recommen-
dations 4 This section describes general routing constraints and recommendations for the AirPrime WP7504 module. Note: This is a non-exhaustive list of suggested design guidelines. The developer is responsible for deciding whether to implement these guidelines. General Rules and Recommendations Clock and other high-frequency digital signals (e.g. serial buses) should be routed as far as possible from the modules analog signals. If the application design makes it possible, all analog signals should be separated from digital signals by a ground trace on the PCB. Tip: Avoid routing any signals under the module on the application board. PCB Layout Recommendations Ground pads should be re-flowed on to the host PCB with < 30% voiding to allow effective heat dissipation. Power Supply When designing the power supply, make sure that VBAT_BB / VBAT_RF meet the requirements listed in the WP75XX Product Technical Specification. Careful attention should be paid to the following:
Power supply quality PFM, or PSM systems should be avoided; Low ripple, linear regulation or PWM converters are preferred for low noise. Capacity to deliver high current peaks in a short time (for pulsed radio emission) VBAT_BB / VBAT_RF must support peak currents with an acceptable voltage drop that guarantees the minimum required VBAT_BB / VBAT_RF value. VBAT_BB / VBAT_RF signal pads must never exceed the maximum required VBAT_BB / VBAT_RF value, otherwise the modules power amplifier and GPS chipset may be severely damaged. A weakly-designed (not robust) power supply could affect EMC performance, the emission spectrum, and the phase error and frequency error.
Rev 1 Apr.16 13 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Antenna Sierra Wireless strongly recommends working with an antenna manufacturer either to develop an antenna adapted to the application, or to adapt an existing solution to the application. For information on routing constraints for the RF circuit, see RF Circuit on page 15. PCB Specifications for the Application Board Sensitive signals (such as audio, UIM, and clocks) should be protected by ground planes / fills. Routing sensitive signals close to noisy signals could result in noise being coupled. Recommended PCB Land Pattern Refer to the AirPrime WP8548 Customer Process Guidelines document, available at http://source.sierrawireless.com. Routing Constraints Power Supply If the following design recommendations are not followed, phase error (peak) and power loss could occur.
Since the maximum peak current can reach 2.5 A, Sierra Wireless strongly recommends having a large width for the layout of the power supply signal (to avoid voltage loss between the external power supply and VBAT_BB /
VBAT_RF. Figure 4-1: Power Supply Routing Example Specifications subject to change 14 4119157 Routing Constraints and Recommendations Note: Figure 4-1 shows separate traces for VBAT_BB and VBAT_RF. If VBAT_BB and VBAT_RF share a single power supply, these traces should be connected. Note: For optimal decoupling, place the capacitors on the underside of the board, directly under the pins.
Filtering capacitors (100 nF to 1500 F) are recommended near the modules power supply. Attention should be paid to the ground trace or the ground plane on the appli-
cation board for the power supply that supplies the module. The ground trace or ground plane, as well as the VBAT trace, must be able to support current peaks. If the ground trace between the module and the power supply is a copper plane, make sure it is a solid plane. Design routing to make sure total line impedance does not exceed 10 m @ 217 Hz. Ground Plane Connection The AirPrime WP7504 module requires a solid, central ground plane (with solder mask defined pads) located directly under the module. This will:
Ensure high current signal returns Provide heat dissipation under higher operating temperatures The ground plane should be connected (with vias) to the reference ground layer of the application board. UIM Interface
The length of the tracks between the AirPrime WP7504 and the UIM socket should be as short as possible. Maximum recommended length is 10cm. ESD protection is mandatory on the UIM lines unless there is no physical access to the UIM. The decoupling capacitor(s) should be placed as close as possible to the UIM card connector for the UIM1_VCC signal.
RF Circuit The RF signal must be routed on the application board using tracks with a 50 characteristic impedance. The characteristic impedance depends on the dielectric, the track width and the ground plane spacing. It is recommended to use stripline design if the RF path is fairly long (more than 3cm), since microstrip design is not shielded. Consequently, the RF (transmit) signal may interfere with neighboring electronic circuits. In the same way, the neighboring electronics (micro-controllers, etc.) may interfere with the RF
(receive) signal and degrade the reception performance. Rev 1 Apr.16 15 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide USB Interface When the USB interface is externally accessible, ESD protection is required on the USB_VBUS, USB_D+, and USB_D- signals. Thermal Considerations When transmitting, the AirPrime WP7504 can generate significant amounts of heat (due to the internal Power Amplifier) that must be dissipated in the host device for safety and performance reasons. The amount of thermal dissipation required depends on the following factors:
Supply voltage Maximum power dissipation for these modules can be up to 3 W at voltage supply limits. Usage Typical power dissipation values depend on the location within the host, amount of data transferred, etc.
To enhance heat dissipation:
Maximize airflow over / around the module
Locate the module away from other components that generate heat Ensure the module is connected to a solid ground plane EMC and ESD Recommendations EMC tests must be performed on the application as soon as possible to detect any potential problems.
When designing, special attention should be paid to:
Possible spurious emissions radiated by the application to the RF receiver in the receiver band ESD protection Typically, ESD protection is mandatory for externally acces-
sible signals, including:
VBAT_RF / VBAT_BB UIM (if accessible from outside) Serial link USB Antennas Length of the UIM interface lines (preferably <10 cm) Length of the HSIC interface lines (<10 cm, as required by the HSIC specifi-
cation)
EMC protection on audio input/output (filters against 900 MHz emissions)
Ground plane: Sierra Wireless recommends a common ground plane for
analog/digital/RF grounds Note: The AirPrime WP7504 does not include any protection against over-voltage. Specifications subject to change 16 4119157 Routing Constraints and Recommendations The host device must provide adequate ESD protection on digital circuits and antenna ports as detailed in the following table. Note: The level of protection required depends on your application. Table 4-1: ESD specifications 1,2 Category Connection Specification Operational RF ports UIM connector USB connector UART connector Non-operational Host connector interface IEC-61000-4-2 - Level (Electrostatic Discharge Immunity Test) 6kV Contact 8kV Air Unless otherwise specified:
JESD22-A114 2kV Human Body Model JESD22-A115 200V Machine Model JESD22-C101C 500V Charged Device Model 1. ESD specifications are preliminary, subject to change. 2. ESD protection is highly recommended at the point where the UIM contacts are exposed, and for any other signals that would be subjected to ESD by the user. Mechanical Integration Attention should be paid to:
Antenna cable integration (bending, length, position, etc) Pads of the AirPrime WP7504 to be soldered to the ground plane Ensuring proper board layout Providing sufficient space around the module for heat dissipation Rev 1 Apr.16 17 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Signal Reference Schematics DNI 0 UIM_DATA Example ESD suppressor:
STMicroelectronics DALC208SC6 UIM1 C5 GND C6 VPP C7 I/O C1 C2 C3 VCC RST CLK 9 SW_A SW_B 10 SIM2070-6-0-30-00-A ESD suppressor 1 2 3 4 6 5 Figure 4-2: UIM Interface 0 UIM_VCC F n 0 0 1
+
F n 0 1 DNI 0 0 0 UIM_RESET_N UIM_CLK UIM1_DET DNI DNI DNI DNI VGPIO_1V8 uClamp 3301P Note: Example ESD and SIM connector part numbers listed. Comparable parts may be used instead. Note: Capacitor on UIM_CLK is intended to slow down the clock signal in case of crosstalk. Important: SIM connector must have a Normally closed detection switch. Figure 4-3: USB Interface Specifications subject to change 18 4119157 Routing Constraints and Recommendations VCC_5V0 Replace with FPF2163 if Autorestart is required F 0 1 USB_VBUS 3 1 VOUT ISET VIN FLAGB ON GND1 GND2 5 7 FPF2164 0 7 4
%
1 VCC_1V8 K 1 5
%
5 USB_ID VCC_1V8 1 2 5 NC1 VCC A Y NC2 GND 6 4 3 2 4 6 51K 5%
DNI K 1 5
%
5 Figure 4-4: USB OTG Interface Rev 1 Apr.16 19 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Specifications subject to change 20 4119157 5: Regulatory Compliance and Industry Certifications 5 Important Notice Due to the nature of wireless communications, transmission and reception of data can never be guaranteed. Data may be delayed, corrupted (i.e., have errors) or be totally lost. Although significant delays or losses of data are rare when wireless devices such as the Sierra Wireless modem are used in a normal manner with a well-constructed network, the Sierra Wireless modem should not be used in situations where failure to transmit or receive data could result in damage of any kind to the user or any other party, including but not limited to personal injury, death, or loss of property. Sierra Wireless accepts no responsibility for damages of any kind resulting from delays or errors in data transmitted or received using the Sierra Wireless modem, or for failure of the Sierra Wireless modem to transmit or receive such data. Safety and Hazards Do not operate your AirPrime WP7504 Embedded Module:
Where explosive atmospheres may be present including refueling points, fuel In areas where blasting is in progress
depots, and chemical plants Near medical equipment, life support equipment, or any equipment which may be susceptible to any form of radio interference. In such areas, the AirPrime WP7504 modem MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the AirPrime WP7504 modem can transmit signals that could interfere with this equipment. In an aircraft, the AirPrime WP7504 modem MUST BE POWERED OFF. Otherwise, the AirPrime WP7504 modem can transmit signals that could interfere with various onboard systems and may be dangerous to the operation of the aircraft or disrupt the cellular network. Use of a cellular phone in an aircraft is illegal in some jurisdictions. Failure to observe this instruction may lead to suspension or denial of cellular telephone services to the offender, or legal action or both. Some airlines may permit the use of cellular phones while the aircraft is on the ground and the door is open. The AirPrime WP7504 modem may be used normally at this time. Rev 1 Apr.16 21 Specifications subject to change Hardware Integration Guide Important Compliance Information for North American Users The AirPrime WP7504 module has been granted modular approval for mobile applications. Integrators may use the AirPrime WP7504 module in their end products without additional FCC / IC (Industry Canada) certification if they meet the following conditions. Otherwise, additional FCC / IC approvals must be obtained. 1. The end product must use the RF trace design approved with the AirPrime WP7504 module. The Gerber file of the trace design can be obtained from Sierra Wireless upon request. 2. At least 20 cm separation distance between the antenna and the users body must be maintained at all times. 3. To comply with FCC / IC regulations limiting both maximum RF output power and human exposure to RF radiation, the maximum antenna gain including cable loss in a mobile-only exposure condition must not exceed the limits stipulated in Table 5-1 on page 22. Table 5-1: WP7504 Antenna Gain Specifications Maximum antenna gain
(dBi) Device Technology Band Frequency
(MHz) AirPrime WP7504 LTE UMTS CDMA 2 4 5 12 25 26 2 4 5 BC0 BC1 BC10 18501910 17101755 824849 699716 18501910 814849 18501910 17101755 824849 824849 18501910 816824 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4. The AirPrime WP7504 module may transmit simultaneously with other collo-
cated radio transmitters within a host device, provided the following conditions are met:
Each collocated radio transmitter has been certified by FCC / IC for mobile application. At least 20 cm separation distance between the antennas of the collocated transmitters and the users body must be maintained at all times. Specifications subject to change 22 4119157 Regulatory Compliance and Industry Certifications The radiated power of a collocated transmitter must not exceed the EIRP limit stipulated in Table 5-2. Table 5-2: Collocated Radio Transmitter Specifications Device Technology Frequency
(MHz) EIRP Limit
(dBm) Collocated transmitters1 WLAN WiMAX BT 24002500 51505850 23002400 25002700 33003800 24002500 25 27 25 25 25 15 1. Valid collocated transmitter combinations: WLAN+BT; WiMAX+BT.
(WLAN+WiMAX+BT is not permitted.) 5. A label must be affixed to the outside of the end product into which the AirPrime WP7504 module is incorporated, with a statement similar to the following:
This device contains FCC ID: N7NWP7 / IC:2417C-WP7. 6. A user manual with the end product must clearly indicate the operating requirements and conditions that must be observed to ensure compliance with current FCC / IC RF exposure guidelines. The end product with an embedded AirPrime WP7504 module may also need to pass the FCC Part 15 unintentional emission testing requirements and be properly authorized per FCC Part 15. Note: If this module is intended for use in a portable device, you are responsible for separate approval to satisfy the SAR requirements of FCC Part 2.1093 and IC RSS-102. Rev 1 Apr.16 23 Specifications subject to change