User Manual Guide Project Name: IMA3 Author: Wistron NeWeb Corporation Revision: 1.0 Revision Date: 2017/05/26 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 1 / 59 User Manual Guide Contact Information Technical Support Website supportiot.wnc.com.tw WNC company Website www.wnc.com.tw Revision History Rev. #
Author Summary of Changes Michael Liao 1st release version 1.0 Date 2017/05/26 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 2 / 59 User Manual Guide Wistron NeWeb Corporation THIS DOCUMENT AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PROPRIETARY AND IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF WNC AND SHALL NOT BE DISTRIBUTED, REPRODUCED, OR DISCLOSED IN WHOLE OR IN PART WITHOUT PRIOR WRITTEN PERMISSION FROM WNC. LIMITATION OF LIABILITY THIS DOCUMENT AND THE INFORMATION CONTAINED HEREIN IS PURELY FOR DESIGN REFERENCE AND SUBJECT TO REVISION BY WNC AT ANY TIME. NOTHING IN THIS DOCUMENT SHALL BE CONSTRUED AS GRANTING ANY WARRANTY OR RIGHT TO USE THE MATERIAL CONTAINED HEREIN WITHOUT WNCS PRIOR EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT. WNC SHALL NOT BE LIABLE FOR ANY USE, APPLICATION OR DEVELOPMENT DERIVED FROM THE MATERIAL WITHOUT SUCH PRIOR EXPRESS WRITTEN CONSENT. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 3 / 59 Contents User Manual Guide Contact Information ........................................................................................................ 2 Revision History .............................................................................................................. 2 Contents ......................................................................................................................... 4 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................... 6 1.1. Abbreviation ......................................................................................................... 6 1.2. Features ................................................................................................................ 8 2. Electrical Specifications ........................................................................................... 9 2.1. Interface pin assignments .................................................................................... 9 2.1.1. LGA Pad Diagram ...................................................................................... 9 2.1.2. Pin Assignments ..................................................................................... 10 2.2. Power supply ...................................................................................................... 20 2.3. USB interface ...................................................................................................... 20 2.4. SIM interface ...................................................................................................... 22 2.5. Control interface (signals) .................................................................................. 23 2.5.1. Power-on Signal ...................................................................................... 23 2.5.2. Host-to-modem wake-up interface ........................................................ 25 2.5.3. Reset Signal............................................................................................. 29 2.6. Digital interface .................................................................................................. 30 2.6.1. SPI Master Interface ............................................................................... 30 2.6.2. PCM Interface ......................................................................................... 32 2.6.3. I2S Interface ............................................................................................ 33 2.6.4. I2C Interface ........................................................................................... 34 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 4 / 59 User Manual Guide 2.6.5. UART Interface ........................................................................................ 35 2.7. ADC interface ...................................................................................................... 36 2.8. GPIO .................................................................................................................... 37 3. RF Specifications ................................................................................................... 38 3.1. RF connections ................................................................................................... 38 3.2. Interference and sensitivity ................................................................................ 38 3.3. Radiated sensitivity measurement ..................................................................... 39 3.4. Supported frequencies ....................................................................................... 39 3.5. Power consumption ........................................................................................... 40 3.6. Module power states ......................................................................................... 43 4. Software Interface ................................................................................................ 45 5. Mechanical and Environmental Specifications ....................................................... 46 5.1. PCBA form factor ................................................................................................ 46 5.2. Module PCB Layout ............................................................................................ 48 5.3. Reflow ................................................................................................................. 50 5.4. Labeling .............................................................................................................. 52 5.5. Thermal considerations ...................................................................................... 53 6. Regulatory and Industry Approvals ....................................................................... 54 6.1. Certification testing ............................................................................................ 54 6.2. Safety and hazards.............................................................................................. 54 7. Packaging ............................................................................................................. 55 8. Safety Recommendation ....................................................................................... 57 9. Appendix .............................................................................................................. 58 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 5 / 59 1. Introduction User Manual Guide IMA3 is a CAT-M1 (1 Mbps/1 Mbps DL/UL respectively) LTE modem which incorporates an application CPU subsystem and a host of peripheral interfaces and functions uniquely designed to address the power/performance/cost requirements of IoT and M2M applications. The chip is based on SDR-v3.0 (Software Defined Radio) architecture which offers OFDMA-related software based signal processing capabilities that significantly exceed traditional communications DSP cores, yet consumes a fraction of the power. The CPU subsystem features a high performance MIPS MicroAptiv processor running a Linux OS with a variety of host interfaces including USB 2.0, I2C, SPI, and UART. 1.1. Abbreviation Abbreviation Definition Table 1. Pin Interface Family AC DC ETSI GND GPS GNSS Alternating Current Direct Current European Telecommunications Standards Institute GrouND Global Positioning System Any single or combined satellite navigation system (GPS, GLONASS and combined GPS/GLONASS) GPIO General Purpose Input Output I/O IoT I2C I2S IMS LGA LTE Input/Output Internet of Things Inter-Integrated Circuit Inter-IC Sound or Integrated Interchip Sound IP Multimedia Subsystem Land Grid Array Long Term Evolution Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 6 / 59 User Manual Guide M2M Mbps MIPS N/A OS OTA PC PCM PIN PSM RRC SIM SMA SPI UART UIM USB Vref Machine to Machine Megabits per second Millions of Instructions Per Second Not/Applicable Operating System Over The Air Personal Computer Pulse Code Modulation Personal Identification Number Power Saving Mode Radio Resource Control Subscriber Identity Module Surface Mount Antenna Serial Peripheral Interface Universal Asynchronous Receiver-Transmitter User Identity Module Universal Serial Bus Voltage reference WCDMA Wideband Code Division Multiple Access WNC Winstron NeWeb Corporation Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 7 / 59 1.2. Features User Manual Guide 3GPP category support: LTE CAT-M1 with 1 Mbps for DL/UL Embedded 512Mbit LPDDR Embedded 256Mbit SPI NOR Flash Ultra-high performance enhanced SDR processor Embedded network processor with Linux OS Integrated PMU circuitry Integrated RTC support Interference Cancellation (INCA) capability Optimized for the M2M and IoT markets Interfaces:
HS USB2.0 with integrated PHY Dual UART interfaces (4 bit and 2 bit) for high-speed data transfer and diagnostic tools support SPI master interface Mobile LPDDR and PSRAM support Serial NOR flash controller USIM interface I2S/PCM audio interface GPIOs One I2C interface (master mode) Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 8 / 59 User Manual Guide 2. Electrical Specifications 2.1. Interface pin assignments 2.1.1. LGA Pad Diagram Figure 1. LGA pad diagram (top view) Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 9 / 59 User Manual Guide 2.1.2. Pin Assignments I/O type description :
AO : Analog Output AI : Analog Input DO : Digital Output DI : Digital Input Interface Family Signal Name Description Table 2. Pin Interface Family RF Interfaces User Identity Module RF_1 RF_2 Main Antenna Aux Antenna UIM_VCC UIM_DATA UIM_CLK UIM_RESET UIM Power UIM Data in/out UIM Clock UIM Reset UIM_DETECT UIM Detect Data Interfaces- USB2.0 USB_Dp USB_Dn USB Data Positive USB Data Negative Data Interfaces- UART1 UART1_CTS UART1_RTS UART1_RX UART1_TX Clear To Send for UART 1 Request To Send for UART 1 Receive for UART 1 Transmit for UART 1 Data Interfaces- UART2 UART2_RX UART2_TX Receive for UART2 Transmit for UART2 Data Interfaces- I2C I2C_SDA I2C_SCL I2C Data I2C Clock I/O AI/AO AI DO DI/DO DO DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI DO DI DO DI DO DI/DO DO Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 10 / 59 User Manual Guide DO DI DO DO DO DI Data Interfaces- SPI SPIM_MOSI SPI Master Out Slave In SPIM_MISO SPI Master In Slave Out SPIM_EN SPIM_CLK SPI master interface enable SPI master interface clock Module Control and State Interfaces WWAN_STATE Wireless WAN Radio State POWER_ON Power On the module WAKEUP_OUT Module wakes up host OR GPIO DO WAKEUP_IN Host wakes up module OR GPIO. DI RESET Reset the module Reference Logic Voltage Main Power Ground DI AO AI AI General Purpose I/O DI/DO Analog to Digital Convertor AI Power and GND General Purpose Audio- PCM/I2S VREF VCC GND GPIO ADC PCM_SYNC PCM_SYNC PCM_IN PCM_OUT PCM_CLK PCM_IN PCM_OUT PCM_CLK DI /DO DI DO DO Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 11 / 59 User Manual Guide Table 3. Pin Assignments Signal Name Description Voltage Levels (V) Min. Typ. Max. Pin No. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 GND GND NC GND GND GND GND GND NC GND GND GND GND GND RF_1 GND GND GND GND GND RF_2 GND GND 24 GND 25 GND 26 GND 27 NC 28 29 30 GND GND GND Ground Ground NC Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground NC Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Main Antenna Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground Aux Antenna Ground Ground Ground Ground Ground NC Ground Ground Ground
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Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 12 / 59 31 32 GND GND 33 NC 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 GND GND GND VCC1 VCC2 VCC3 VCC4 VCC5 VCC6 43 NC GND GND 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 GND GND GPIO01 GPIO02 GPIO03 GPIO04 56 NC 57 NC 58 NC 59 NC 60 61 I2C_SDA I2C_SCL 62 NC 63 NC Ground Ground NC Ground Ground Ground Power Power Power Power Power Power NC Ground Ground Ground Ground GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO NC NC NC NC I2C Data I2C Clock NC NC PCM_SYNC/GPIO46 PCM_SYNC or GPIO PCM_IN/GPIO47 PCM_IN or GPIO PCM_OUT/GPIO48 PCM_OUT or GPIO PCM_CLK/GPIO49 PCM_CLK or GPIO User Manual Guide
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3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3 3.3
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Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 13 / 59 74 75 GND GND 76 NC 77 NC 78 NC 79 NC Ground Ground NC NC NC NC 80 UART1_CTS (UART1) Clear To Send for UART 1 81 UART1_RTS (UART1) Request To Send for UART 1 82 UART1_RX (UART1) Receive for UART 1 83 UART1_TX (UART1) Transmit for UART 1 84 85 GND GND 86 USB_Dp 87 GPIO87 88 USB_Dn 89 90 91 GND GND GND 92 NC 93 94 95 96 97 GPIO93 GPIO94 GPIO95 GPIO96 GPIO97 98 NC 99 NC 100 NC 101 NC 102 NC 103 NC 104 GND 105 GND 106 UART2_RX (UART2) Ground Ground USB Data Positive GPIO USB Data Negative Ground Ground Ground NC GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO NC NC NC NC NC NC Ground Ground Receive for UART2 User Manual Guide
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1.9 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 14 / 59 User Manual Guide 107 UART2_TX (UART2) Transmit for UART2 1.7 1.8 1.9 108 GND 109 GND 120 NC 121 NC 122 ADC 123 NC 124 NC Ground Ground NC NC
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Analog to Digital Converter 1.7 1.8 1.9 NC NC
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125 SPIM_MOSI SPI Master Out Slave In data 1.7 1.8 1.9 line 126 SPIM_MISO SPI Master In Slave Out data 1.7 1.8 1.9 127 SPIM_EN SPI master interface enable 1.7 1.8 1.9 line 128 SPIM_CLK SPI master interface clock signal 129 GPIO05 130 GPIO06 131 GPIO07 132 GPIO08 GPIO GPIO GPIO GPIO 133 UIM_VCC SIM Card Power 134 UIM_DATA SIM Card Data Line 135 UIM_CLK SIM Card Clock Line 136 UIM_RESET SIM Card Reset Line 137 UIM_DETECT SIM Card Detect Line 138 NC 139 GND 140 GND NC Ground Ground 141 WWAN_STATE Wireless WAN Radio State 142 POWER_ON Power On the module: Low is Module ON and High is 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7 2.7 1.7 2.7 1.7 2.7 1.7 2.7 1.7
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1.9 1.9 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 15 / 59 User Manual Guide Module OFF. 143 WAKEUP_OUT Module wakes up host. 144 WAKEUP_IN Host wakes up module. 145 RESET 146 VREF 200 NC 201 JTAG_TCK 202 JTAG_TDI 203 JTAG_TDO 204 JTAG_TMS 205 JTAG_TRST_N 206 NC 207 NC 208 GND Main reset line. Active low Reference Logic Voltage NC JTAG/EJTAG clock JTAG/EJTAG input data JTAG/EJTAG output data JTAG/EJTAG test mode select EJTAG reset; emulation JTAG is used to debug and run software on embedded MIPS processors. Only driven high when in use NC NC Ground 1.7 1.7 1.7 1.7
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Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 16 / 59 User Manual Guide Below is the I/O default setting table to describe the level. It was recommended to follow the pulling High or Low to choose a suitable GPIO for application. PU : Pull Up. PD : Pull Down NP : Non-Pull I/O default setting table Pin No. 15 21 46 47 48 49 52 53 54 55 60 61 80 81 82 83 86 87 88 93 94 95 96 Signal Name Type Default setting in Normal mode RF_1 RF_2 AI/AO AI PCM_SYNC/GPIO46 DI /DO PCM_IN/GPIO47 PCM_OUT/GPIO48 PCM_CLK/GPIO49 GPIO01 GPIO02 GPIO03 GPIO04 I2C_SDA I2C_SCL UART1_CTS (UART1) UART1_RTS (UART1) UART1_RX (UART1) UART1_TX (UART1) USB_Dp GPIO87 USB_Dn GPIO93 GPIO94 GPIO95 GPIO96 DI DO DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DO DI DO DI DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO
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PD PU PU PD PD PD PD PD PU PU PD PD PU PU
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PU PD PD PD Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 17 / 59 User Manual Guide 97 GPIO97 106 UART2_RX (UART2) 107 UART2_TX (UART2) 122 125 126 127 128 ADC SPIM_MOSI SPIM_MISO SPIM_EN SPIM_CLK 129 GPIO05 130 GPIO06 131 GPIO07 132 GPIO08 134 UIM_DATA 135 UIM_CLK 136 UIM_RESET 137 UIM_DETECT 141 WWAN_STATE 142 POWER_ON 143 WAKEUP_OUT 144 WAKEUP_IN 145 201 202 203 204 205 RESET JTAG_TCK JTAG_TDI JTAG_TDO JTAG_TMS JTAG_TRST_N DI/DO DI DO AI DO DI DO DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DO DO DI/DO DO DI DO DI DI DI DI DO DI DI PU PU PU PU PU PU PD PD PD PD PD PD PU PU PU PU PD PD PD PU PU PD PD PU PD PD Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 18 / 59 User Manual Guide Parameter Description Min. Typ. Max. Units Table 4. Digital I/O specifications VIH VIL IIH VOH VOL IOZH RPU RPD Logic High Input Voltage 0.85*VREF Logic Low Input Voltage
-0.3 Input Leakage Current (Either
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Low or High and No Pull enabled) Logic High Output Voltage VREF 0.45 Logic Low Output Voltage Tri-state Output Leakage Current (either Low or High) Internal Pull Up Resistor Internal Pull Down Resistor Input Capacitance Input Pin Capacitance Notes:
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VREF + 0.3 0.25*VREF V V 10 A VREF 0.8 V V 10 A 89 16 K 96 189 K
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*1. If voltage level of digital I/O from the other side is not compatible with module, level shifter is recommended to transfer the voltage level to 1.8V. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 19 / 59 2.2. Power supply User Manual Guide IMA3 includes an integrated Power Manager enabling single and direct voltage supply from the battery and reducing the overall bill of materials. Power Signal Name Pin No. Description Voltage Levels (V) Table 5. Power supply specifications Min. Typ. Max. VCC VCC1 to VCC6 3742 Main Power Supply 3.3 3.8 4.2 Layout Suggestion: Each power trace should possess sufficient line width to withstand its respective current listed in the table below:
Net Name VCC(16) total UIM_VCC VREF Current Value 1.5A 150 mA 100 mA Note : The current of VCC in real measurement is less than 800mA, but it would be better to routed under 1.5A design for getting stable power. 2.3. USB interface IMA3 complies with USB 2.0 high-speed protocol. The USB input/output lines comply with USB 2.0 specifications. If USB interface is not used, recommended to reserve USB_Dp and USB_Dn test points. Table 6. Signals of the USB interface Name Description Input/Output Voltage Levels (V)
(Direction to module) Min. Typ. Max. D+
USB data positive (low-/full-speed) Input High Input Low 2 0 3.3 3.6 0.8 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 20 / 59 User Manual Guide Output High Output Low 2.8 3.3 3.6 0.3 USB data positive (high-speed) Input High Input Low Output High Output Low USB data negative (low-/full-speed) Input High Input Low Output High Output Low USB data negative (high-speed) Input High Input Low Output High Output Low 0.3 0 0.36 0.38 0 2 0 2.8 0.3 0 3.3 3.3 0.36 0.38 0 0.44 0.01 0.44 0.01 3.6 0.8 3.6 0.3 0.44 0.01 0.44 0.01 D Layout suggestion:
Differential impedance: 90 Space to other signals should be at least 20 mils Intra-pair length mismatch should be less than 150 mils If reserved USB test point, it also suggest the trace should be followed differential impedance 90 and put the USB_Dp, USB_Dn test points together USB Length in IMA3 is tuned as below:
Function Net Name Length (mil) USB USB_Dp USB_Dn 167.08 197.62 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 21 / 59 2.4. SIM interface User Manual Guide IMA3 includes an SC controller, interface pins, and a dedicated LDO (3.0 V or 1.8 V). Since IMA3 is not equipped with a SIM socket, it must place a SIM socket on the user interface board. IMA3 provides a UIM_DETECT input pin to detect if the SIM card is present. If the USIM card is present, UIM_DETECT should be high. (The voltage level should be 1.8 V) If the USIM card is absent, UIM_DETECT should be low. (The module is internally pulled down.) It was recommended to choose a SIM socket with the Card Detect pin. If the SIM card is preset, the pin will not contact the ground and pull up to 1.8 V through a 2 k resistor. If the SIM card is absent, the pin will normally contact the ground. Other types of SIM sockets which can achieve this feature are also acceptable. A 100 nF capacitor and a 1 F capacitor are placed between the UIM_VCC and Ground pins in a parallel manner. (If the UIM_VCC circuit is too long, a larger capacitor such as a 4.7 F capacitor can be employed if necessary.) Four 33 pF capacitors (0402 package is recommended.) are placed between the UIM_VCC and Ground pins, the UIM_CLK and Ground pins, the UIM_DATA and Ground pins, and the UIM_RESET and Ground pins in parallel to filter out interference from RF signals. (An R/C circuit on pin UIM_CLK is optional. If there is an EMI issue on this clock signal, try to adjust these R/C values.) We recommend taking protective measures against electrostatic discharge (ESD) near the SIM socket. The TVS diode with a VRWM of 5 V and junction capacitance of less than 10 pF must be placed as close as possible to the SIM socket, and the Ground pin of the ESD protection component must be well connected to the power Ground pin that supplies power to IMA3. Figure 2. SIM card interface circuit Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 22 / 59 User Manual Guide 2.5. Control interface (signals) This section describes the host-to-modem wake-up interface and power-on signal to enable or disable the control module. 2.5.1. Power-on Signal The POWER_ON pad is an input signal used to control whether the module is in the Module Enabled or Module Disabled state. Do not toggle the PERST# pin during power-on. This signal has the highest priority over the wakeup, the alarms signals, and the digital control pins. The POWER_ON signal is Active Low (VIL for VREF), its voltage level is 1.8V if going to High for Module Disabled:
POWER_ON is High: Module is OFF POWER_ON is Low: Module is ON There are three possible states of the module:
Module Off - VCC is not present. Module Enabled - VCC is supplied, and the module is enabled. Module Disabled - VCC is supplied, and the module is disabled. The state transitions are defined as follows:
When voltage is applied to VCC, the module shall enter the Module Disabled state. An input to the POWER_ON pad shall trigger the transition from the Module Disabled to the Module Enabled state. An input to the POWER_ON pad shall trigger the transition from the Module Enabled to the Module Disabled state. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 23 / 59 User Manual Guide Figure 3. Power ON/OFF timming In order to prevent the POWER_ON signal in a floating state, default had a internal pull low 200 k resistor to power on the module. For controlling the module well, it was recommended to pull LOW for Module Enabled, or pull HIGH to VREF for Module Disabled. UART1_RTS signal should be LOW at least 500ms while booting up the system, since there is a internal booting configuration limited. UART2_TX and UART2_RX signals should keep HIGH over 10 seconds, since any transmition activity in the period will let the system stop in u-boot mode. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 24 / 59 VCC PowerPOWER_ONRESET Module Enable Module Disable TonTon0ms VCC Power ON Power OFF Power OFF UART1_RTSUART2_TXUART2_RXTdelay500msTdelayTboot10sTboot10sStarts transmitting message or commandsStarts receiving message or commandsVref (1.8V)36s T 100 s User Manual Guide 2.5.2. Host-to-modem wake-up interface In applications where the device power consumption is a major target of optimization such as battery-operated sensors that are based on IOT/M2M modem solution and in addition, include a third-party host, it is necessary to define a simple interface that will allow both the modem and the host to be able to enter low power states whenever possible while allowing the other side to wake it up when required. For example, if the host has no data to transmit or any other tasks, it may wish to enter some low power state according to its own capabilities and configurations. If during the time the host is in a low power state and the modem suddenly receives data, it must wake-up the host. A similar requirement exists from the other side. If, for example, the modem is in a low power state and suddenly the host must transmit data, it must to be able to wake-up the modem. Each side has notification functionality when they are up and ready to follow a wake-up request. The idea behind the suggested method is to have a very simple interface that will also be pin-limited (requires only two pins) to fit into such limited-pin-count applications and packages. The interface consists of two lines: one is driven by the host and received by the modem, and the other is driven by the modem and received by the host. Each side can wake the other side by toggling it high and allowing the other side to go to sleep when not needed by toggling it low. Toggling the signal high does not necessary mean the other side will enter the low power state; the toggling function is only intended to notify the other side that its functions will not be required in the near term and that it is allowed to enter a low power state if he can
(according to its own tasks, configurations, and capabilities). The following diagram depicts how this simple interface works. In addition to the two hardware signals, additional higher-level messages may be defined to pass further information or details between the host and the modem if required. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 25 / 59 User Manual Guide If the Power states of Sleep and Hibernation feature are required, it was recommended to connect WAKEUP_IN and WAKEUP_OUT signal to Host. This design can make sure IMA3 can be waked up by Host. WAKEUP_IN (Host: Output, Modem: Input):
LOW: Host does not need the MODEM (allowing it to sleep). HIGH: Host needs the MODEM or acknowledges it is ready following a wakeup request from the MODEM. WAKEUP_OUT (Host: Input, Modem: Output):
LOW: MODEM does not need the Host (allowing it to sleep). HIGH: MODEM needs the Host or acknowledges it is ready following a wakeup request from the Host. The first part is Close UART interface. To confirm that both Host and Modem will not send data with each other. If there is no data traffic, then enter low power state. The second part is Open UART interface. Host can notify Modem to wakeup via WAKEUP_IN High, or Modem can notify Host via WAKEUP_OUT high. There are some steps to make a communication between Host and Modem. Please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 5. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 26 / 59 User Manual Guide Figure 4. Open UART interface Host to Modem A. Host detects that it has nothing to send and Modem isnt transmitting any data
(HOST_UART_TX = 0). Host requests Modem to enter low power state and send AT%IFSUSP to Modem. B. Modem receives AT%IFSUSP and decides whether to send OK or Not Ready response. If Modem wants to suspend communication, it will not send any data
(MDOEM_UART_TX = 0). If Host receives Not Ready, it can send data over HOST_UART_TX. If Host still wants to suspend the UART interface, it should continue trying to send AT%IFSUSP every 100ms. (This number should be adjusted soon) C. Host receives OK. Then Host drops WAKEUP_IN to request Modem to enter Low Power state, which includes Sleep mode, Hibernation mode, or PSM mode. It depends on the software configure. D. Modem detects WAKEUP_IN is down, and drops WAKEUP_OUT. Modem enters Low Power state. E. Host wants to send data to Modem. WAKEUP_IN is up. F. Modem is awaking and brings WAKEUP_OUT up when Modem is ready. Then Host can start to send data to Modem. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 27 / 59 Low Power stateWAKEUP_INHOST_UART_TX(UART1_RX)MODEM_UART_TX(UART1_TX)WAKEUP_OUTABCDEFHost sends DataTransmit Data User Manual Guide Figure 5. Open UART interface Modem to Host There is another scenario to open UART interface by Modem. The step A to D is same as opening UART interface by Host. But step G and H is different. G. Modem wants to send data to Host. WAKEUP_IN is up H. Host is awaking and brings WAKEUP_IN up when Host is ready. Then Host can start to send data to Modem. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 28 / 59 Low Power stateWAKEUP_INHOST_UART_TX(UART1_RX)MODEM_UART_TX(UART1_TX)WAKEUP_OUTABCDGHModem sends DataTransmit Data 2.5.3. Reset Signal User Manual Guide The Reset Signal is a hardware reset signal to control the system reset directly. You can connect it to a key or a control signal. It was recommended to reserve a pull up resistor and a capacitor to ground. Default is not installed. It is required that the Reset Signal is kept LOW at least 3 seconds after a command to reset the module has been issued to ensure that there is time for the module reset properly. Figure 6. Reset Signals circuit Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 29 / 59 2.6. Digital interface User Manual Guide This section provides the required AC timing information relating to Module Digital Interfaces. 2.6.1. SPI Master Interface Operating Modes The SPI master controller supports two operating modes:
Standard SPI protocol:
SPIM_CLK Output clock SPIM_CS Output, chip-select SPIM_MOSI Output, data to slave SPIM_MISO Input, data from slave LCD interface protocol:
SPIM_CLK Output clock SPIM_CS Output, chip-select SPIM_MOSI Output, data to slave SPIM_MISO Output, command/data control bit to slave Interface timing is defined separately for each SPI operating mode. Timing Modes Each operating mode, as described above, can be configured to one of the following timing modes:
SPI_CLK_POS: Both output data and input data are related to the clocks rising edge SPI_CLK_NEG: Both output data and input data are related to the clocks falling edge Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 30 / 59 User Manual Guide Figure 7. SPI_CLK_POS timing diagram Figure 8. SPI_CLK_NEG timing diagram Table 7. Standard SPI mode timing (both SPI_CLK_OS and SPI_CLK_NEG) Parameter Minimum Maximum Unit Description TCYCLE TSU THO TPD 20 5 0 1.5
-
-
-
8.5 ns ns ns ns Clock cycle time Input setup time Input hold time Output delay Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 31 / 59 User Manual Guide Table 8. LCD mode timing (both SPI_CLK_OS and SPI_CLK_NEG) Parameter Minimum Maximum Unit Description TCYCLE TSU THO MOSI TPO MISO TPD 20 5 0 1.5 1.5
-
-
-
8.5 16 ns ns ns ns ns Clock cycle time Input setup time Input hold time Output delay Output delay 2.6.2. PCM Interface IMA3 provides one PCM digital audio interface The PCM interface enables communication with an external codec to support a linear format. Figure 9. Recommended circuit for the PCM interface Use a TVS on the related interface to prevent electrostatic discharge and protect integrated-circuit (IC) components. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 32 / 59 2.6.3. I2S Interface User Manual Guide PCM and I2S share the same pins on IMA3, the PCM signal pins can be configured as an I2S interface. Pad Config1 46 47 48 49 PCM_SYNC PCM_DIN PCM_DOUT PCM_CLK Config2 I2S_LRCK I2S_DATA_IN I2S_DATA_OUT I2S_BCK Figure 10. Recommended circuit for the I2S interface Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 33 / 59 2.6.4. I2C Interface User Manual Guide There is one I2C interface in IMA3. It was recommended to add pull high to 1.8 V through resistors with values of 2.2 k to 4.7 k. ICs and sensors can use the same I2C interface. IMA3 can recognize them by different addresses. I2C interface only supports master mode. Figure 11. Recommended circuit for the I2C interface Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 34 / 59 2.6.5. UART Interface User Manual Guide There are dual UART interfaces. One is 4 bit for high-speed data transfer, and the other is 2 bit for diagnostic tools and debugging. Recommended to reserve a pull down 1k resistor on UART1_RTS signal near IMA3 module side for booting up normally. Figure 12. Recommended circuit for UART interface (4 bit) with Level translator Note : UART1_RTS signal should be LOW at least 500ms while booting up the system, since there is a internal booting configuration limited. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 35 / 59 2.7. ADC interface User Manual Guide One Analog to Digital Converter (ADC) input is provided by IMA3. The converter is of a 10 bit resolution, ranging from 0.1 V to 1.8 V with a sampling rate of 2 MHz. They can be used for customer applications. Signal Name Pads ADC 122 Table 9. ADC interface Type Analog Description Analog to digital conversion input Table 10. Electrical characteristics of the ADC interface Parameter Minimum Typical Maximum Input signal range Resolution Offset error Sampling time Conversion clock Throughput rate 0.1
-
-
-
0.04
-
-
10 1 10 2 2 1.8
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2
-
-
-
Unit V bit
%FS Clock Cycles MHz MSPS Notes : 1. %FS = % Full Scale 2. MSPS = Million Samples per Second Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 36 / 59 2.8. GPIO User Manual Guide IMA3 includes general purpose I/O signals that are summarized in the following table. These GPIOs are available for customer-defined purposes such as control, signaling, and monitoring. Some GPIO signals also can be configured as PCM signals for audio applications. Signal Name Pads Description Alt. Function Table 11. GPIOs 52 53 54 55 129 130 131 132 46 47 48 49 87 93 94 95 96 97 Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O PCM_SYNC Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O Configurable general purpose I/O PCM_IN PCM_OUT PCM_CLK GPIO01 GPIO02 GPIO03 GPIO04 GPIO05 GPIO06 GPIO07 GPIO08 GPIO46 GPIO47 GPIO48 GPIO49 GPIO87 GPIO93 GPIO94 GPIO95 GPIO96 GPIO97 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 37 / 59 User Manual Guide 3. RF Specifications 3.1. RF connections IMA3 provides two RF pads; developers can connect them via 50 traces to the main board. TRX pads RX/TX path It is recommended to have keep-out under RF pads. 3.2. Interference and sensitivity This section is to help developers to identify the interference that may affect IMA3 when adopting it in systems. Interference from other wireless devices Harmonics or inter-modulated signals generated from wireless devices that fall in RX ranges of IMA3 may result in degraded RX performance. It is highly recommended to check the RX performance of the entire systems in the shielding environment. Interference from the host interface High-speed switching signal elements in the system can easily couple noise to the module (Ex.: DDR memory, LCD modules, DC-DC converter). Methods to avoid sources of interference Antenna location is important; it is recommended that the antenna away from high-speed switching signals. Tracing from the module to the antenna is recommended to be as short as possible and must be shielded by complete grounding. However, IMA3 is well-shielded. The high-speed elements in the system are recommend to be reserved for shielding during an early stage of a projects development. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 38 / 59 User Manual Guide 3.3. Radiated sensitivity measurement Over-the-air testing can demonstrate the TRX ability of the whole system. Keys elements that affect the measurement are:
Module ability (refer Specification) Antenna Gain System noise source The OTA performance should be performed in an OTA chamber. 3.4. Supported frequencies Band LTE Band 2 LTE Band 4 LTE Band 12 Band LTE Band 2 LTE Band 4 LTE Band 12 Table 12. IMA3 supported frequencies Uplink (MHz) 1,8501,910 1,7101,755 699716 Downlink (MHz) 1,9301,990 2,1102,155 729746 Table 13. Bandwidth 1.4 MHz 3 MHz 5 MHz 10 MHz 15 MHz 20 MHz V V V V V V V V V V Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 39 / 59 User Manual Guide 3.5. Power consumption IMA3 was designed for the IoT and M2M markets. WNC has devoted special attention from the beginning of development to low power design and has undergone major efforts to further reduce the system power consumption in order to achieve unprecedented figures for an LTE device. The system can exist at any given time in one of the defined power states. Each of these power states defines what power supplies are available, what clock the system is operating on, and additional hardware requirements such as IO usage and connectivity. In the operational mode the system will move from one power state to another based on the specific operational mode/scenario and based on different parameters such as: system configured permissions, hardware limitations, and the time left until the next required activity. Table 14. System Power States Power State Description Available Interfaces Active The system is active, operating on All interfaces may be used the high PLL clock. according to the system configuration Sleep All systems are halted. Module These pins can be used to wake registers data is retained. DRAM is up the device from deep-sleep in self-refresh. The system can be state:
configured to wake up from a slow WAKEUP_IN pin. clock counter at a specific time or The USB interface can also wake by one of the specific pins. the device from the sleep state Hibernation All system data is retained in DDR WAKEUP_IN pin memory, but all user interfaces are disabled. A 32.768 KHz clock counter can be configured to wake the system at a specific time or use the WAKEUP_IN Pin. After entering Hibernation, USB interface was disabled. If user want to resume USB interface, Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 40 / 59 User Manual Guide please reboot IMA3 PSM Power Saving Mode is newly added None feature in 3GPP Release 12 and is specified in 3GPP 24.301-5.3.11 Power saving mode and 23.682-4.5.4 UE Power Saving Mode. PSM is applied between the expiration of T3324 and T3412. Off The modem has no power supply;
None there is no system clock. The following figure depicts the possible transitions between the system power states. The system can be turned off from any power state (by shutting the external supplies or by toggling high POWER_ON pin input). All transitions between all other states (not Off) are performed from the active state. Deep Hibernation state was not supported in this module. Figure 13. Power-state transitions Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 41 / 59 User Manual Guide Figure 14 can describe the PSM mechanism between User Equipment (UE) and Network
(NW). The time of T3412 could be configured by users. Please refer to the document WNC IMA3 Application Notes for Power Saving Mode v0.9.4.pdf for the commands of PSM. Figure 14. PSM mechanism between UE and NW Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 42 / 59
< RRC Setup >T3324 and/or T3412 Extended ValueAttach Request< Authentication/Security >Attach AcceptT3324 and/or T3412 Extended ValueRRC ReleaseNormal Idle Mode : Monioring PagingUENWT3412 Extended ValuePower Saving Mode : (1) No Monitoring fro Paging (2) Turning off all the functionality that is not critical< RRC Setup >Tracking Area Update RequestT3324 and/or T3412 Extended ValueTracking Area Update AcceptT3324 and/or T3412 Extended Value< Data Traffic >RRC ReleaseT3342 User Manual Guide 3.6. Module power states In the operational modes, the system can be configured to use the different power states. The system state is selected according to the permissions, required activity, and the available expected time until the next power state. This method allows the power management to be very dynamic and flexible and to be tuned according to the needs of each product/application and according to specific conditions. The following table shows several main system operational modes and the different system power states used in each mode. If the Power states of Sleep and Hibernation feature are required, it was recommended to connect WAKEUP_IN and WAKEUP_OUT signal to Host. This design can make sure IMA3 can be waked up by Host. LTE Working Mode Conditions Result ( VCC=3.8V) Table 15. Power Consumption result Airplane mode Only Module, no other device LTE standby Hibernation (1.28 sec) Band2 LTE Standby mode, DRX = 1.28 sec Band4 LTE Standby mode, DRX = 1.28 sec Band12 LTE Standby mode, DRX = 1.28 sec TBD TBD TBD TBD LTE standby Sleep (1.28 sec) Band2 LTE Standby mode, DRX = 1.28 sec Band4 LTE Standby mode, DRX = 1.28 sec TBD TBD Band12 LTE Standby mode, DRX = 1.28 sec TBD Band2 Working mode Band2 Bandwidth 10MHz, TX TBD Power=23dbm Cat. M1, Downlink 1Mbps/ Uplink 1Mbps via USB interface by iperf tool Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 43 / 59 User Manual Guide Band4 Working mode Band4 Bandwidth 10MHz, TX TBD Power=23dbm Cat. M1, Downlink 1Mbps/ Uplink 1Mbps via USB interface by iperf tool Band12 Working mode Band12 Bandwidth 10MHz, TX TBD Power=23dbm Cat. M1, Downlink 1Mbps/ Uplink 1Mbps via USB interface by iperf tool Powering on Conditions Peak power consumption Result (VCC=3.8V) Power consumption peak when the module TBD is powering up Power off Conditions Result (VCC=3.8V) Module disable Provided VCC Power but POWER_ON is
< 8uA High to disable module Note : The current value was measured at VCC = 3.8V voltage level. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 44 / 59 User Manual Guide 4. Software Interface IMA3 can be configured with several types of configurations for different external host processors which require data communication to the Internet. The basic concept is that the module provides proper interfaces for its control and for the data traffic, which supports as many external host processors as possible with different capabilities for network connection. Please refer to the IMA3 SW Developer Guide for further detail. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 45 / 59 User Manual Guide 5. Mechanical and Environmental Specifications 5.1. PCBA form factor Dimensions and recommended PCB Layout footprint for IMA3. Figure 15. PCBA dimensions Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 46 / 59 User Manual Guide Figure 16. Recommended PCB layout footprint (top view) Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 47 / 59 User Manual Guide 5.2. Module PCB Layout This section depicts the inner layer of IMA3 PCB layout to enhance users understanding of the modules design. Top layer:
Figure 17. Top layer of IMA3 PCB layout Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 48 / 59 Bottom layer:
User Manual Guide Figure 18. Bottom Layer of IMA3 PCB layout Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 49 / 59 5.3. Reflow User Manual Guide This section details the recommended reflow profile when the module is mounted onto other boards. Temp. Region 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Upper temp. region 120 170 170 170 170 190 225 225 245 250 245 Lower temp. region 120 170 170 170 170 190 225 225 245 250 245 Conveyer band speed 90 cm/minute Figure 19. Reflow Profile of IMA3 PWI = 60%
D31-1 D31-2 U23-3 U23-4 Table 16. Reflow data Temp. Difference Preheat from 140190C 4.34 39%
Melt-out Time/230C 4.88 49%
93.50 34%
55.19 52%
96.60 52%
50.65 6%
95.96 48%
52.55 26%
3.1 4.54 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 50 / 59 User Manual Guide 0.63 3.92 0.09 Max Temp 45.73 57%
246.01 60%
245.56 56%
245.38 54%
Total Time/217C 3.45
-6%
Gradient1 (100150C) 2.27 52%
Solder Paste Profile feature 84.37
-3%
2.31 54%
80.45
-18%
2.22 48%
80.82
-17%
2.22 48%
Table 17. Process limit Gradient1 (Target = 1.5) (100 C150 C)
(Time period = 20 s) Preheat time from 140 C to 190 C Time maintained above 230 C Peak package body temperature Time maintained above 217 C Lead-free Max. 3 Unit C/sec 105 60 250 110 sec sec C sec Min. 0 70 40 230 60 Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 51 / 59 User Manual Guide 5.4. Labeling Figure 20. Label form Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 52 / 59 User Manual Guide 5.5. Thermal considerations Ambient operating temperature: 25 C to +75 C
(20 C to +60 C fully compliant with 3GPP; 25 C to +75 C functional work) Ambient storage temperature: 40 C to +85 C The case temperature of module shielding cover must be < 85 C when integrated to prevent damage. Design points used to improve the thermal performance:
Its better to add a naked copper area onto IMA3 module back side of the PCB. If the thermal performance becomes an issue in the customers product, add thermal solutions for improvement such as a thermal pad or a heat sink. Its recommended to have a thermal pad or a heat sink on shielding cover to help transfer heat. If systems with IMA3 module embedded intend to work under ambient temperatures as low as -40C, its suggested that:
1. SIM Card need to be well arranged to make sure it is functional at the condition of ambient temperature as low as -40C. 2. Adding heating circuit on board design, the circuit mainly consists of temperature sensing unit, heating element and control unit. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 53 / 59 User Manual Guide 6. Regulatory and Industry Approvals 6.1. Certification testing PTCRB, FCC and AT&T TA 6.2. Safety and hazards Be sure the use of this product is allowed in the country and in the environment required. The use of this product may be dangerous and must be avoided in the following areas:
Where it can interfere with other electronic devices in environments such as hospitals, airports, and aircraft Where there is a risk of explosion such as gasoline stations and oil refineries It is the responsibility of the user to comply with his or her countrys regulations and the specific environmental regulations. Do not disassemble the product; any mark of tampering will compromise the warrantys validity. We recommend following the instructions of the hardware user guides for a correct wiring of the product. The product must be supplied with a stabilized voltage source, and the wiring must conform to the security and fire-prevention regulations. This product must be handled with care; avoid any contact with the pins because electrostatic discharge may damage the product. Same caution must be taken regarding the SIM card; carefully check the instructions for its use. Do not insert or remove the SIM when the product is in power-saving mode. The system integrator is responsible of the functioning of the final product; therefore, care must be taken for the external components of the module as well as for project or installation issuesthere may be a risk of disturbing the GSM network or external devices or of having an impact on device security. If you have any doubts, please refer to the technical documentation and the relevant regulations in force. Every module must be equipped with a proper antenna with specific characteristics. The antenna must be installed with care in order to avoid any interference with other electronic devices. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 54 / 59 User Manual Guide 7. Packaging The IMA3 modules are delivered in tape and reel. Figure 21. Packing-Tape Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 55 / 59 User Manual Guide Figure 22. Packingreel Figure 23. Packingcarton Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 56 / 59 User Manual Guide 8. Safety Recommendation Be sure the use of this product is allowed in the country and in the environment required. The use of this product may be dangerous and must be avoided in the following areas:
Where it can interfere with other electronic devices in environments such as hospitals, airports, and aircraft Where there is a risk of explosion such as gasoline stations and oil refineries It is the responsibility of the user to comply with the his or her countrys regulations and the specific environmental regulations. Do not disassemble the product; any mark of tampering will compromise the warrantys validity. We recommend following the instructions of the hardware user guides for a correct wiring of the product. The product must be supplied with a stabilized voltage source, and the wiring must conform to the security and fire-prevention regulations. This product must be handled with care; avoid any contact with the pins because electrostatic discharge may damage the product. Same caution must be taken regarding the SIM card; carefully check the instructions for its use. Do not insert or remove the SIM when the product is in power-saving mode. The system integrator is responsible of the functioning of the final product; therefore, care must be taken for the external components of the module as well as for project or installation issuesthere may be a risk of disturbing the GSM network or external devices or of having an impact on device security. If you have any doubts, please refer to the technical documentation and the relevant regulations in force. Every module must be equipped with a proper antenna with specific characteristics. The antenna must be installed with care in order to avoid any interference with other electronic devices. Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 57 / 59 9. Appendix User Manual Guide In order to describe more detailed about the I/O default setting while entering Sleep or Hibernation is as below table. Table 18. I/O default setting table Pin No. 15 21 46 47 48 49 52 53 54 55 60 61 80 81 82 83 86 87 88 93 94 95 96 97 Signal Name Type RF_1 RF_2 AI/AO AI PCM_SYNC/GPIO46 DI /DO PCM_IN/GPIO47 PCM_OUT/GPIO48 PCM_CLK/GPIO49 GPIO01 GPIO02 GPIO03 GPIO04 I2C_SDA I2C_SCL UART1_CTS (UART1) UART1_RTS (UART1) UART1_RX (UART1) UART1_TX (UART1) USB_Dp GPIO87 USB_Dn GPIO93 GPIO94 GPIO95 GPIO96 GPIO97 DI DO DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DO DI DO DI DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO Default setting in Normal mode Default Setting while entering Sleep or Hibernation
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PD PU PU PD PD PD PD PD PU PU PD PD PU PU
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PD
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PU PD PD PD PU
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PD PU PU PD PD PD PD PD PU PU PU NP PU PU
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PD
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PU PD PD PD PU Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 58 / 59 User Manual Guide 106 UART2_RX (UART2) 107 UART2_TX (UART2) 122 125 126 127 128 ADC SPIM_MOSI SPIM_MISO SPIM_EN SPIM_CLK 129 GPIO05 130 GPIO06 131 GPIO07 132 GPIO08 134 UIM_DATA 135 UIM_CLK 136 UIM_RESET DI DO AI DO DI DO DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DI/DO DO DO 137 UIM_DETECT DI/DO 141 WWAN_STATE 142 POWER_ON 143 WAKEUP_OUT 144 WAKEUP_IN 145 201 202 203 204 205 RESET JTAG_TCK JTAG_TDI JTAG_TDO JTAG_TMS JTAG_TRST_N DO DI DO DI DI DI DI DO DI DI PU PU PU PU PU PD PD PD PD PD PD PU PU PU PU PD PD PD PU PU PD PD PU PD PD PU PU PU PU PU PU PD PD PD PD PD PU NP NP NP PD PD PD PD PU PD PD PU PD PD Normal Internal Use Confidential Restricted Confidential 59 / 59