FCC ID: I88P320WV3 802.11g Wireless Firewall Router

P-320W v3 802.11g Wireless Firewall Router Default Login Details IP Address Password http://192.168.1.1 1234 Firmware Version 1.0 Edition 1, 3/2009 www.zyxel.com www.zyxel.com Copyright 2009 ZyXEL Communications Corporation About This User's Guide About This User's Guide Intended Audience This manual is intended for people who want to configure the P-320W v3 using the web configurator. You should have at least a basic knowledge of TCP/IP networking concepts and topology. Related Documentation Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains information on setting up your network and configuring for Internet access. Supporting Disc Refer to the included CD for support documents. ZyXEL Web Site Please refer to www.zyxel.com for additional support documentation and product certifications. User Guide Feedback Help us help you. Send all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to the following address, or use e-mail instead. Thank you!

The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. E-mail: techwriters@zyxel.com.tw P-320W v3 Users Guide 3 About This User's Guide Customer Support In the event of problems that cannot be solved by using this manual, you should contact your vendor. If you cannot contact your vendor, then contact a ZyXEL office for the region in which you bought the device. See http://www.zyxel.com/

web/contact_us.php for contact information. Please have the following information ready when you contact an office. Product model and serial number. Warranty Information. Date that you received your device. Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it. 4 P-320W v3 Users Guide Document Conventions Document Conventions Warnings and Notes These are how warnings and notes are shown in this Users Guide. Warnings tell you about things that could harm you or your device. Note: Notes tell you other important information (for example, other things you may need to configure or helpful tips) or recommendations. Syntax Conventions The P-320W v3 may be referred to as the P-320W v3, the device, the product or the system in this Users Guide. Product labels, screen names, field labels and field choices are all in bold font. A key stroke is denoted by square brackets and uppercase text, for example,

[ENTER] means the enter or return key on your keyboard. Enter means for you to type one or more characters and then press the

[ENTER] key. Select or choose means for you to use one of the predefined choices. A right angle bracket ( > ) within a screen name denotes a mouse click. For example, Maintenance > Log > Log Setting means you first click Maintenance in the navigation panel, then the Log sub menu and finally the Log Setting tab to get to that screen. Units of measurement may denote the metric value or the scientific value. For example, k for kilo may denote 1000 or 1024, M for mega may denote 1000000 or 1048576 and so on. e.g., is a shorthand for for instance, and i.e., means that is or in other words. P-320W v3 Users Guide 5 Document Conventions Icons Used in Figures Figures in this Users Guide may use the following generic icons. P-320W v3 Computer Notebook computer Server Modem Firewall Telephone Switch Router 6 P-320W v3 Users Guide Safety Warnings Safety Warnings Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids. Do NOT store things on the device. Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device. Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information. Make sure to connect the cables to the correct ports. Place connecting cables carefully so that no one will step on them or stumble over them. Always disconnect all cables from this device before servicing or disassembling. Use ONLY an appropriate power adaptor or cord for your device. Connect the power adaptor or cord to the right supply voltage (for example, 110V AC in North America or 230V AC in Europe). Do NOT allow anything to rest on the power adaptor or cord and do NOT place the product where anyone can walk on the power adaptor or cord. Do NOT use the device if the power adaptor or cord is damaged as it might cause electrocution. If the power adaptor or cord is damaged, remove it from the power outlet. Do NOT attempt to repair the power adaptor or cord. Contact your local vendor to order a new one. Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Do NOT obstruct the device ventilation slots, as insufficient airflow may harm your device. Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s). If you wall mount your device, make sure that no electrical lines, gas or water pipes will be damaged. Your product is marked with this symbol, which is known as the WEEE mark. WEEE stands for Waste Electronics and Electrical Equipment. It means that used electrical and electronic products should not be mixed with general waste. Used electrical and electronic equipment should be treated separately. P-320W v3 Users Guide 7 Safety Warnings 8 P-320W v3 Users Guide Contents Overview Contents Overview Introduction ............................................................................................................................19 Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 .............................................................................................. 21 Introducing the Web Configurator .............................................................................................. 25 Connection Wizard .................................................................................................................... 37 Network ...................................................................................................................................53 Wireless LAN ............................................................................................................................. 55 Wireless Client Mode ................................................................................................................. 73 Wireless Tutorial ........................................................................................................................ 77 LAN ............................................................................................................................................ 85 DHCP Server ............................................................................................................................. 89 Network Address Translation (NAT) .......................................................................................... 93 VLAN ....................................................................................................................................... 101 Security .................................................................................................................................105 WAN ........................................................................................................................................ 107 Firewall .....................................................................................................................................117 Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................... 125 Management .........................................................................................................................129 Static Route ............................................................................................................................. 131 Remote Management .............................................................................................................. 135 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) ............................................................................................. 141 Maintenance and Troubleshooting .....................................................................................155 System ..................................................................................................................................... 157 Logs ......................................................................................................................................... 163 Tools ........................................................................................................................................ 179 Troubleshooting ....................................................................................................................... 185 Product Specifications ............................................................................................................. 193 Appendices and Index .........................................................................................................197 P-320W v3 Users Guide 9 Contents Overview 10 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table of Contents Table of Contents About This User's Guide ..........................................................................................................3 Document Conventions............................................................................................................5 Safety Warnings........................................................................................................................7 Contents Overview ...................................................................................................................9 Table of Contents....................................................................................................................11 Part I: Introduction................................................................................. 19 Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 ..........................................................................................21 1.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 21 1.2 Ways to Manage the P-320W v3 ......................................................................................... 22 1.3 Good Habits for Managing the P-320W v3 .......................................................................... 22 1.4 LEDs .................................................................................................................................... 23 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator ........................................................................................25 2.1 Web Configurator Overview ................................................................................................. 25 2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator ......................................................................................... 25 2.3 Resetting the P-320W v3 ..................................................................................................... 27 2.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button ........................................................................... 27 2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator ...................................................................................... 27 2.4.1 Navigation Panel ........................................................................................................ 30 2.4.2 Summary: DHCP Table ............................................................................................ 32 2.4.3 Summary: Association List ...................................................................................... 33 2.4.4 Summary: Statistics ................................................................................................. 33 2.4.5 Summary: Active Session ...................................................................................... 34 2.4.6 Summary: Routing Table ............................................................................................ 35 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard .................................................................................................................37 3.1 Wizard Setup ....................................................................................................................... 37 3.2 Connection Wizard: STEP 1: System Information ............................................................... 38 3.2.1 System Name ............................................................................................................. 38 P-320W v3 Users Guide 11 Table of Contents 3.2.2 Domain Name ............................................................................................................ 38 3.3 Connection Wizard: STEP 2: Wireless LAN ........................................................................ 40 3.3.1 Basic(WEP) Security .................................................................................................. 42 3.3.2 Extend (WPA-PSK) Security ...................................................................................... 43 3.4 Connection Wizard: STEP 3: Internet Configuration ........................................................... 43 3.4.1 Ethernet Connection .................................................................................................. 44 3.4.2 PPPoE Connection .................................................................................................... 44 3.4.3 PPTP Connection ....................................................................................................... 46 3.4.4 Your IP Address ......................................................................................................... 47 3.4.5 WAN IP Address Assignment ..................................................................................... 48 3.4.6 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 48 3.4.7 DNS Server Address Assignment .............................................................................. 49 3.4.8 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment ......................................................... 50 3.4.9 WAN MAC Address .................................................................................................... 51 3.5 Connection Wizard Complete .............................................................................................. 52 Part II: Network....................................................................................... 53 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN...........................................................................................................................55 4.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 55 4.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................ 56 4.3 What You Need To Know ..................................................................................................... 56 4.3.1 SSID ........................................................................................................................... 56 4.3.2 MAC Address Filter .................................................................................................... 57 4.3.3 User Authentication .................................................................................................... 57 4.3.4 Encryption .................................................................................................................. 58 4.3.5 WiFi Protected Setup ................................................................................................. 60 4.4 General Wireless LAN Screen ............................................................................................ 60 4.4.1 No Security ................................................................................................................. 62 4.4.2 WEP Encryption ......................................................................................................... 63 4.4.3 WPA-PSK ................................................................................................................... 64 4.4.4 WPA ........................................................................................................................... 65 4.4.5 802.1x + Dynamic WEP ............................................................................................. 66 4.4.6 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK (Mixed) ................................................................................... 67 4.5 MAC Filter ............................................................................................................................ 68 4.6 WPS Screen ........................................................................................................................ 69 4.7 WPS Station Screen ............................................................................................................ 70 4.8 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen ......................................................................................... 70 Chapter 5 Wireless Client Mode..............................................................................................................73 12 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table of Contents 5.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 73 5.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................ 73 5.3 Wireless Client Mode Screen .............................................................................................. 74 Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial .....................................................................................................................77 6.1 How to Connect to the Internet from an AP ......................................................................... 77 6.2 Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your P-320W v3 and Wireless Client ..... 77 6.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC) .............................................................................. 78 6.2.2 PIN Configuration ....................................................................................................... 79 6.3 Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS on your P-320W v3 ........................ 81 6.4 Configure Your Notebook .................................................................................................... 82 Chapter 7 LAN...........................................................................................................................................85 7.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 85 7.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................ 85 7.3 What You Need to Know ...................................................................................................... 85 7.3.1 IP Pool Setup ............................................................................................................. 86 7.3.2 System DNS Servers ................................................................................................. 86 7.3.3 LAN TCP/IP ................................................................................................................ 86 7.3.4 Factory LAN Defaults ................................................................................................. 86 7.3.5 IP Address and Subnet Mask ..................................................................................... 86 7.4 LAN IP Screen ..................................................................................................................... 87 Chapter 8 DHCP Server............................................................................................................................89 8.1 Overview .............................................................................................................................. 89 8.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................ 89 8.3 DHCP Server General Screen ............................................................................................. 89 8.4 Static DHCP Screen ......................................................................................................... 91 8.5 Client List Screen ................................................................................................................ 91 Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT)......................................................................................93 9.1 Overview ........................................................................................................................... 93 9.2 What You Can Do ................................................................................................................ 93 9.3 What You Need to Know ...................................................................................................... 93 9.3.1 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers ............................................................ 94 9.3.2 Trigger Port Forwarding ............................................................................................. 95 9.3.3 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports .......................................................... 96 9.4 General NAT Screen ............................................................................................................ 96 9.5 Port Forwarding Screen ..................................................................................................... 97 P-320W v3 Users Guide 13 Table of Contents 9.5.1 Rule Setup Screen ..................................................................................................... 98 9.6 Trigger Port Screen ............................................................................................................. 99 9.7 Technical Reference .......................................................................................................... 100 9.7.1 Game List Example .................................................................................................. 100 Chapter 10 VLAN ......................................................................................................................................101 10.1 Overview ..................................................................................................................... 101 10.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 101 10.3 What You Need to Know .................................................................................................. 102 10.3.1 How VLAN Works .................................................................................................. 102 10.3.2 VLAN Tag ............................................................................................................... 102 10.4 VLAN Screen ................................................................................................................... 102 Part III: Security.................................................................................... 105 Chapter 11 WAN........................................................................................................................................107 11.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 107 11.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 107 11.3 Internet Connection Screen ............................................................................................. 108 11.3.1 Ethernet Encapsulation .......................................................................................... 108 11.3.2 PPPoE Encapsulation ............................................................................................ 109 11.3.3 PPTP Encapsulation ................................................................................................111 11.4 Advanced Screen ..............................................................................................................114 11.5 Traffic Redirect Screen .....................................................................................................114 Chapter 12 Firewall................................................................................................................................... 117 12.1 Overview .........................................................................................................................117 12.2 What You Can Do .............................................................................................................117 12.3 What You Need to Know ...................................................................................................117 12.3.1 About the P-320W v3 Firewall .................................................................................118 12.3.2 Security Parameter Index (SPI) ..............................................................................118 12.4 General Firewall Screen ................................................................................................119 12.5 Services Screen ...............................................................................................................119 12.6 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 121 12.6.1 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall .......................................... 121 12.6.2 Services ................................................................................................................. 122 Chapter 13 Content Filtering ...................................................................................................................125 14 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table of Contents 13.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 125 13.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 125 13.3 Filter Screen .................................................................................................................... 125 13.4 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 127 13.4.1 Domain Name or IP Address URL Checking ......................................................... 127 13.4.2 Full Path URL Checking ......................................................................................... 127 13.4.3 File Name URL Checking ....................................................................................... 128 Part IV: Management............................................................................ 129 Chapter 14 Static Route ...........................................................................................................................131 14.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 131 14.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 132 14.3 IP Static Route Screen .................................................................................................... 132 14.3.1 Static Route Setup Screen ................................................................................... 133 Chapter 15 Remote Management............................................................................................................135 15.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 135 15.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 136 15.3 What You Need to Know .................................................................................................. 136 15.3.1 Remote Management Limitations .......................................................................... 136 15.3.2 Remote Management and NAT .............................................................................. 136 15.3.3 System Timeout .................................................................................................... 136 15.4 WWW Screen ................................................................................................................ 137 15.5 The SNMP Screen ........................................................................................................... 138 15.6 Security Screen ............................................................................................................. 139 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP)..........................................................................................141 16.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 141 16.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 141 16.3 What You Need to Know .................................................................................................. 141 16.3.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP? ......................................................................... 141 16.3.2 NAT Traversal ........................................................................................................ 142 16.3.3 Cautions with UPnP ............................................................................................... 142 16.3.4 UPnP and ZyXEL ................................................................................................... 142 16.4 UPnP Screen ................................................................................................................... 143 16.5 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 143 16.5.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Example .................................................................... 143 P-320W v3 Users Guide 15 Table of Contents Part V: Maintenance and Troubleshooting ........................................ 155 Chapter 17 System ...................................................................................................................................157 17.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 157 17.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 157 17.3 What You Need to Know .................................................................................................. 157 17.3.1 Dynamic DNS Introduction .................................................................................... 157 17.3.2 DynDNS Wildcard .................................................................................................. 158 17.4 System General Screen ................................................................................................. 158 17.5 Dynamic DNS Screen .................................................................................................... 160 17.6 Time Setting Screen ........................................................................................................ 161 Chapter 18 Logs .......................................................................................................................................163 18.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 163 18.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 163 18.3 What You Need to Know .................................................................................................. 163 18.4 View Log Screen .............................................................................................................. 164 18.5 Log Settings Screen ........................................................................................................ 165 18.6 Technical Reference ........................................................................................................ 166 18.6.1 Log Descriptions .................................................................................................... 166 Chapter 19 Tools.......................................................................................................................................179 19.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 179 19.2 What You Can Do ............................................................................................................ 179 19.3 Firmware Upload Screen ................................................................................................. 179 19.4 Configuration Screen ....................................................................................................... 181 19.4.1 Backup Configuration ............................................................................................. 181 19.4.2 Restore Configuration ............................................................................................ 182 19.4.3 Back to Factory Defaults ........................................................................................ 183 19.5 Restart Screen ................................................................................................................. 183 Chapter 20 Troubleshooting....................................................................................................................185 20.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs ...................................................................... 185 20.2 P-320W v3 Access and Login ......................................................................................... 186 20.3 Internet Access ................................................................................................................ 188 20.4 Resetting the P-320W v3 to Its Factory Defaults ............................................................. 189 20.5 Wireless Router Troubleshooting .................................................................................... 190 20.6 Advanced Features ......................................................................................................... 191 16 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table of Contents Chapter 21 Product Specifications .........................................................................................................193 Part VI: Appendices and Index ........................................................... 197 Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions ......................................199 Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting ...........................................................................207 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address ...........................................................217 21.0.1 Verifying Settings ................................................................................................... 234 Appendix D Wireless LANs ..................................................................................................235 21.0.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example ......................................................................... 245 21.0.3 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example ........................................................... 245 Appendix E Services ............................................................................................................247 Appendix F Legal Information ..............................................................................................251 Index.......................................................................................................................................255 P-320W v3 Users Guide 17 Table of Contents 18 P-320W v3 Users Guide PART I Introduction Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 (21) Introducing the Web Configurator (25) Connection Wizard (37) 19 20 CHAPTER 1 Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 1.1 Overview This chapter introduces the main features and applications of the P-320W v3. The P-320W v3 extends the range of your existing wired network without additional wiring, providing easy network access to mobile users. It acts as a secure broadband router for all data passing between the Internet and your local network. You can set up a wireless network with other IEEE 802.11b/g compatible devices. The following figure shows computers in a WLAN connecting to the P-320W v3

(A), which has a DSL connection to the Internet. The P-320W v3 has a built-in firewall (B) to protect the network. It also has the Network Address Translation

(NAT) feature enabled by default. Figure 1 Secure Wireless Internet Access in Router Mode WLAN A B DSL Internet The P-320W v3 can also serve as a wireless client enabling network devices to connect to an existing wired or wireless network. Features, such as firewall and NAT, are available. Networking devices cannot connect wirelessly to the P-320W v3 when it is acting as a wireless client. P-320W v3 Users Guide 21 Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 In the following figure, the P-320W v3 (A) enables the wired computers to connect to the access point (B) and gain access to LAN/Internet. Figure 2 Using the P-320W v3 as a Wireless Client Firewall A ISP B DSL Internet 1.2 Ways to Manage the P-320W v3 Use any of the following methods to manage the P-320W v3. Web Configurator. This is recommended for everyday management of the P-

320W v3 using a (supported) web browser. SNMP. Simple Network Management Protocol is a communication protocol for collecting information from devices on the network. 1.3 Good Habits for Managing the P-320W v3 Do the following things regularly to make the P-320W v3 more secure and to manage the P-320W v3 more effectively. Change the password. Use a password thats not easy to guess and that consists of different types of characters, such as numbers and letters. Write down the password and put it in a safe place. Back up the configuration (and make sure you know how to restore it). Restoring an earlier working configuration may be useful if the device becomes unstable or even crashes. If you forget your password, you will have to reset the P-320W v3 to its factory default settings. If you backed up an earlier configuration file, you would not have to totally re-configure the P-320W v3. You could simply restore your last configuration. 22 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 1.4 LEDs Figure 3 Front Panel The following table describes the LEDs. Table 1 Front Panel LEDs LED POWER COLOR STATUS DESCRIPTION Green On LAN 1-4 Green Amber WAN Green Amber WLAN Green WPS Green Off On Blinking On Blinking Off On Blinking On Blinking Off On Blinking Off On Blinking Off The P-320W v3 is receiving power and functioning properly. The P-320W v3 is not receiving power. The P-320W v3 has a successful 10MB Ethernet connection. The P-320W v3 is sending/receiving data. The P-320W v3 has a successful 100MB Ethernet connection. The P-320W v3 is sending/receiving data. The LAN is not connected. The P-320W v3 has a successful 10MB WAN connection. The P-320W v3 is sending/receiving data. The P-320W v3 has a successful 100MB Ethernet connection. The P-320W v3 is sending/receiving data. The WAN connection is not ready, or has failed. The P-320W v3 is ready, but is not sending/

receiving data through the wireless LAN. The P-320W v3 is sending/receiving data through the wireless LAN. The wireless LAN is not ready or has failed. WPS (WiFi Protected Setp) is configurered on your device. The P-320W v3 is negotiating WPS. WPS is disabled on your device. P-320W v3 Users Guide 23 Chapter 1 Getting to Know Your P-320W v3 24 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 2 Introducing the Web Configurator This chapter describes how to access the P-320W v3 web configurator and provides an overview of its screens. 2.1 Web Configurator Overview The web configurator is an HTML-based management interface that allows easy setup and management of the P-320W v3 via Internet browser. Use Internet Explorer 6.0 and later or Netscape Navigator 7.0 and later versions or Safari 2.0 or later versions. The recommended screen resolution is 1024 by 768 pixels. In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

Web browser pop-up windows from your device. Web pop-up blocking is enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2. JavaScripts (enabled by default). Java permissions (enabled by default). Refer to the Troubleshooting chapter to see how to make sure these functions are allowed in Internet Explorer. 2.2 Accessing the Web Configurator 1 Make sure your P-320W v3 hardware is properly connected and prepare your computer or computer network to connect to the P-320W v3 (refer to the Quick Start Guide). 2 3 Launch your web browser. Type "http://192.168.1.1" as the website address. P-320W v3 Users Guide 25 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Your computer must be in the same subnet in order to access this website address. Note: Enable the DHCP Server. The P-320W v3 assigns your computer an IP address on the same subnet. 4 Type "1234" (default) as the password and click Login. In some versions, the default password appears automatically - if this is the case, click Login. Figure 4 Change Password Screen 5 Select your language in the screen that follows and click Apply or click Reset. Figure 5 Language Selection 6 You should see a screen asking you to change your password (highly recommended) as shown next. Type a new password (and retype it to confirm) and click Apply or click Ignore. Figure 6 Change Password Screen 7 Click Go to Wizard Setup to use the Configuration Wizard for basic Internet and Wireless setup. 26 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 8 Click Go to Advanced Setup to view and configure all the P-320W v3s settings. Figure 7 Choose Your Setup Mode. Note: The management session automatically times out when the time period set in the Administrator Inactivity Timer field expires (default five minutes). Simply log back into the P-320W v3 if this happens. 2.3 Resetting the P-320W v3 If you forget your password or IP address, or you cannot access the web configurator, you will need to use the RESET button at the back of the P-320W v3 to reload the factory-default configuration file. This means that you will lose all configurations that you had previously saved, the password will be reset to 1234 and the IP address will be reset to 192.168.1.1. 2.3.1 Procedure to Use the Reset Button 1 Make sure the power LED is on. 2 3 Press the RESET button for longer than 1 second to restart/reboot the P-320W v3. Press the RESET button for longer than five seconds to set the P-320W v3 back to its factory-default configurations. 2.4 Navigating the Web Configurator The following summarizes how to navigate the web configurator from the Status screen. P-320W v3 Users Guide 27 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Click on Status. The screen below shows the status screen. Figure 8 Web Configurator Status Screen The following table describes the icons shown in the Status screen. Table 2 Status Screen Icon Key ICON DESCRIPTION Select a language from the drop-down list box to have the web configurator display in that language. Click this icon to open the setup wizard. Click this icon to view copyright and a link for related product information. Click this icon at any time to exit the web configurator. Select a number of seconds or None from the drop-down list box to refresh all screen statistics automatically at the end of every time interval or to not refresh the screen statistics. Click this button to refresh the status screen statistics. 28 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator The following table describes the labels shown in the Status screen. Table 3 Web Configurator Status Screen LABEL Device Information DESCRIPTION System Name Firmware Version WAN Information WAN Type

- IP Address

- IP Subnet Mask

- Gateway

- DNS

- Remaining Lease Time LAN Information

- IP Address

- IP Subnet Mask

- DHCP WLAN Information

- Wireless

- Name(SSID)

- Channel This is the System Name you enter in the Maintenance > System >

General screen. It is for identification purposes. This is the firmware version and the date created. This shows the P-320W v3s WAN type or how it acquires its WAN IP address. This shows the WAN ports IP address. This shows the WAN ports subnet mask. This shows the gateway address of the WAN connection. This shows the Domain Name System (DNS) addresses of the WAN connection. This shows how long the P-320W v3 can use the current WAN IP address. This shows the LAN ports IP address. This shows the LAN ports subnet mask. This shows the LAN ports DHCP is enabled. This shows if the wireless LAN is enabled. This shows a descriptive name used to identify the P-320W v3 in the wireless LAN. This shows the channel number which you select manually. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only.

- Security Mode This shows the level of wireless security the P-320W v3 is using. Wireless client Information

- SSID

- Channel This shows a descriptive name used to identify the P-320W v3 in the guest WLAN network. This shows the channel number which you select manually. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only.

- MAC Address

- RSSI

- Encryption Type This shows the wireless adapter MAC Address of guest WLAN on your device. This shows the IP address for guest WLAN network. This shows the subnet mask for guest WLAN network. P-320W v3 Users Guide 29 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Table 3 Web Configurator Status Screen (continued) LABEL System Status DESCRIPTION

- System Up Time

- Current Date/Time This is the total time the P-320W v3 has been on. This field displays your P-320W v3s present date and time. Summary

- DHCP Table

- Association List

- Statistics

- Active Session

- Routing Table IP Renew IP Release Use this screen to view current DHCP client information. Use this screen to view the a list of devices the P-320W v3 is currently associated with. Use this screen to view port status and packet specific statistics. Use this screen to view a list of wireless clients currently connected to the P-320W v3. Use this screen to view a list of the traffic routes used by the P-320W v3. Click this to renew the P-320W v3s IP address. Click this to release the P-320W v3s IP address. 2.4.1 Navigation Panel Use the sub-menus on the navigation panel to configure P-320W v3 features. The following table describes the sub-menus. Table 4 Sub-menus LINK TAB Status FUNCTION This screen shows the P-320W v3s general device, system and interface status information. Use this screen to access the wizard, and summary statistics tables. Network Wireless LAN Wireless Client Mode WAN General MAC Filter WPS WPS Station Advanced Internet Connection Advanced Traffic Redirect Use this screen to configure wireless LAN. Use the MAC filter screen to configure the P-320W v3 to block access to devices or block the devices from accessing the P-320W v3. Use this screen to configure WPS. Use this screen to add stations to the wireless network via the Push Button. This screen allows you to configure advanced wireless settings. This screen allows you to use your P-320W v3 as a wireless client and connect to a wireless access point. This screen allows you to configure ISP parameters, WAN IP address assignment, DNS servers and the WAN MAC address. Use this screen to configure other advanced properties. Use this screen to enable a backup gateway IP address for the P-320W v3. 30 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Table 4 Sub-menus LINK TAB IP LAN DHCP Server NAT FUNCTION Use this screen to configure LAN IP address and subnet mask. Use this screen to enable the P-320W v3s DHCP server. General Static DHCP Use this screen to assign permanent IP addresses to Client List specific devices. Use this screen to view current DHCP client information and to always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host name). Use this screen to enable NAT. Use this screen to configure servers behind the P-320W v3. General Port Forwarding Trigger Port Use this screen to change your P-320W v3s port triggering settings. VLAN VLAN Setup Use this screen to assign VLAN IDs to the physical ports of the P-320W v3. Security Firewall General Services Content Filter Filter Management IP Static Route Remote MGMT IP Static Route WWW SNMP Security UPnP General Maintenance System General Logs Dynamic DNS Time Setting View Log Log Settings Use this screen to activate/deactivate the firewall. This screen shows a summary of the firewall rules, and allows you to edit/add a firewall rule. Use this screen to block certain web features and sites containing certain keywords in the URL. Use this screen to configure IP static routes. Use this screen to configure through which interface(s) and from which IP address(es) users can use HTTP to manage the P-320W v3. Use this screen to configure SNMP in your P-320W v3. Use this screen to set your P-320W v3 to not respond to ping from WAN. Use this screen to enable UPnP on the P-320W v3. Use this screen to view and change administrative settings such as system and domain names, password and inactivity timer. Use this screen to enable dynamic DNS. Use this screen to change your P-320W v3s time and date. Use this screen to view the logs for the categories that you selected. Use this screen to change your P-320W v3s log settings. P-320W v3 Users Guide 31 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Tools Table 4 Sub-menus LINK TAB Firmware Configuratio n Restart FUNCTION Use this screen to upload firmware to your P-320W v3. Use this screen to backup and restore the configuration or reset the factory defaults to your P-320W v3. This screen allows you to reboot the P-320W v3 without turning the power off. 2.4.2 Summary: DHCP Table DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the P-320W v3s LAN and/or Guest WLAN as DHCP server(s) or disable them. When configured as a server, the P-320W v3 provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on that network, or else the computer must be manually configured. Click the DHCP Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here relates to your DHCP status. The DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP Address, Host Name and MAC Address) of all network clients using the P-320W v3s DHCP server. Figure 9 Summary: DHCP Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 5 Summary: DHCP Table LABEL

#

IP Address Host Name MAC Address This field shows the MAC address of the computer with the name in the DESCRIPTION This is the index number of the client. This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above. This field displays the computer host name. Host Name field. Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address which uniquely identifies a device. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. Click Refresh to renew the screen. Refresh 32 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 2.4.3 Summary: Association List Click the Association List (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here includes the MAC address of a device and its time of association with the P-320W v3. Association means that a wireless client (for example, your network or computer with a wireless network card) has connected successfully to the AP (or wireless router) using the same SSID, channel and security settings. Figure 10 Summary: Association List The following table describes the labels in this screen. DESCRIPTION This is the index number of the client. Table 6 Summary: Association List LABEL

#

MAC Address This shows the MAC address of the device associated with the P-320W v3. Association This shows the date and time when the association with a device is made. Time Refresh Click Refresh to renew the screen. 2.4.4 Summary: Statistics Click the Statistics (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. Read-only information here includes port status, packet specific statistics and the "system up time". The Poll Interval(s) field is configurable and is used for refreshing the screen. Figure 11 Summary: Statistics P-320W v3 Users Guide 33 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7 Summary: Statistics LABEL Port TxPkts RxPkts System Up Time Poll Interval(s) Set Interval DESCRIPTION This is the P-320W v3s port type. This is the number of transmitted packets on this port. This is the number of received packets on this port. This is the total time the P-320W v3 has been on. Enter the time interval for refreshing statistics in this field. Click this button to apply the new poll interval you entered in the Poll Interval(s) field. Click Stop to stop refreshing statistics. Stop 2.4.5 Summary: Active Session Click the Active Session (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. View a list of devices that are currently associated to the P-320W v3 and read-only information such as internal/external IP addresses and Time-out. Figure 12 Summary: Active Session The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8 Summary: Active Sessiont LABEL

#

Internal Protocol External NAT Time out DESCRIPTION This is the index number of the active session. This is the internal IP address of the device. This is the transfer protocol used. This is the external IP address of the device. This is the numerical tag for the NAT entry. This is the time out value (in minutes) of the NAT entry. 34 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator Table 8 Summary: Active Sessiont LABEL Page... (Active Session Number) Previous Next First Page Last Page Refresh DESCRIPTION This shows the current page you are looking at as well as the total number of pages of the association list. Click this to go to the previous page. Click this to go to the next page. Click this to go to the first page. Click this to go to the last page. Click Refresh to renew the screen. 2.4.6 Summary: Routing Table Click the Routing Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. View a list of the static routes configured in the P-320W v3. Figure 13 Summary: Routing Table The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 Summary: Routing Table LABEL DESCRIPTION This is the index number of the routing entry.

#

Destination IP This is the destination IP address of the outgoing traffic. Address IP Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address Metric Refresh This is teh IP subnet mask of the traffic. This is the gateway IP address of the host computer. This is the numerical tag for the routing entry. Click Refresh to renew the screen. P-320W v3 Users Guide 35 Chapter 2 Introducing the Web Configurator 36 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 3 Connection Wizard This chapter provides information on the wizard setup screens in the web configurator. 3.1 Wizard Setup The web configurators wizard setup helps you configure your device to access the Internet. Refer to your ISP (Internet Service Provider) checklist in the Quick Start Guide to know what to enter in each field. Leave a field blank if you dont have that information. 1 After you access the P-320W v3 web configurator, click the Go to Wizard setup hyperlink. You can click the Go to Advanced setup hyperlink to skip this wizard setup and configure advanced features accordingly. Figure 14 Select Wizard or Advanced Mode P-320W v3 Users Guide 37 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard 2 Read the on-screen information and click Next. Figure 15 Welcome to the Connection Wizard 3.2 Connection Wizard: STEP 1: System Information System Information contains administrative and system-related information. 3.2.1 System Name System Name is for identification purposes. However, because some ISPs check this name you should enter your computer's "Computer Name". In Windows 95/98 click Start, Settings, Control Panel, Network. Click the Identification tab, note the entry for the Computer Name field and enter it as the System Name. In Windows 2000, click Start, Settings and Control Panel and then double-

click System. Click the Network Identification tab and then the Properties button. Note the entry for the Computer name field and enter it as the System Name. In Windows XP, click Start, My Computer, View system information and then click the Computer Name tab. Note the entry in the Full computer name field and enter it as the P-320W v3 System Name. 3.2.2 Domain Name The Domain Name entry is what is propagated to the DHCP clients on the LAN. If you leave this blank, the domain name obtained by DHCP from the ISP is used. While you must enter the host name (System Name) on each individual computer, the domain name can be assigned from the P-320W v3 via DHCP. 38 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 3 Connection Wizard Click Next to configure the P-320W v3 for Internet access. Figure 16 Wizard Step 1: System Information The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 Wizard Step 1: System Information LABEL System Name DESCRIPTION System Name is a unique name to identify the P-320W v3 in an Ethernet network. Enter a descriptive name. This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes "-" and underscores "_" are accepted. Type the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain name. Click Back to display the previous screen. Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. Domain Name Back Next Exit P-320W v3 Users Guide 39 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard 3.3 Connection Wizard: STEP 2: Wireless LAN Set up your wireless LAN using the following screen. Figure 17 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 11 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN LABEL Name

(SSID) DESCRIPTION Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN. If you change this field on the P-320W v3, make sure all wireless stations use the same SSID in order to access the network. The range of radio frequencies used by IEEE 802.11b/g wireless devices is called a channel. Channel Selection Select a channel that is not used by any nearby devices. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only. 40 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 3 Connection Wizard Table 11 Wizard Step 2: Wireless LAN LABEL Security DESCRIPTION Select a Security level from the drop-down list box. Choose Auto (WPA-PSK with self-generated key) to have the P-320W v3 generate a pre-shared key automatically. A screen pops up displaying the generated pre-shared key after you click Next. Write down the key for use later when connecting other wireless devices to your network. Click OK to continue. Choose None to have no wireless LAN security configured. If you do not enable any wireless security on your P-320W v3, your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section 3.4 on page 43. Choose Basic (WEP) security if you want to configure WEP Encryption parameters. If you choose this option, go directly to Section 3.3.1 on page 42. Basic (WEP) is only available when WPS (WiFi Protected Setup) is disabled. See Section 4.3.5 on page 60 for more information about WPS. Choose Extend (WPA-PSK with customized key) security to configure a Pre-Shared Key. Choose this option only if your wireless clients support WPA-PSK. If you choose this option, skip directly to Section 3.3.2 on page 43. Click Back to display the previous screen. Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. Back Next Exit Note: The wireless stations and P-320W v3 must use the same SSID, channel ID and WEP encryption key (if WEP is enabled), WPA-PSK (if WPA-PSK is enabled) or WPA2-PSK (if WPA2-PSK is enabled) for wireless communication. P-320W v3 Users Guide 41 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard 3.3.1 Basic(WEP) Security Choose Basic(WEP) to setup WEP Encryption parameters. Figure 18 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 12 Wizard Step 2: Basic (WEP) Security LABEL Passphrase DESCRIPTION Type a Passphrase (up to 32 printable characters) and click Generate. The P-320W v3 automatically generates a WEP key. WEP Encryption ASCII HEX Click Clear to make this field blank. Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to allow data encryption. Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as the WEP keys. Select this option to enter hexadecimal characters as the WEP keys. Key 1 to Key 4 The preceding 0x is entered automatically. The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the P-320W v3 and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission. If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1. Click Back to display the previous screen. Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. Back Next Exit 42 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 3 Connection Wizard 3.3.2 Extend (WPA-PSK) Security Choose Extend (WPA-PSK) security in the Wireless LAN setup screen to set up a Pre-Shared Key. Figure 19 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK) Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 13 Wizard Step 2: Extend (WPA-PSK) Security LABEL Pre-Shared Key DESCRIPTION Type from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters. You can set up the most secure wireless connection by configuring WPA in the wireless LAN screens. You need to configure an authentication server to do this. Click Back to display the previous screen. Click Next to proceed to the next screen. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. Back Next Exit 3.4 Connection Wizard: STEP 3: Internet Configuration The P-320W v3 offers three Internet connection types. They are Ethernet, PPP over Ethernet or PPTP. The wizard attempts to detect which WAN connection type you are using. If the wizard does not detect a connection type, you must select one from the drop-down list box. Check with your ISP to make sure you use the correct type. P-320W v3 Users Guide 43 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard This wizard screen varies according to the connection type that you select. Figure 20 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters. The following table describes the labels in this screen, Table 14 Wizard Step 3: ISP Parameters CONNECTION TYPE Ethernet DESCRIPTION PPPoE PPTP Select the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection. If your ISP gave you an IP address and/or subnet mask, then select PPTP. Select the PPTP option for a dial-up connection. 3.4.1 Ethernet Connection Choose Ethernet when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. Figure 21 Wizard Step 3: Ethernet Connection 3.4.2 PPPoE Connection Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet (PPPoE) functions as a dial-up connection. PPPoE is an IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) standard specifying how a host 44 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 3 Connection Wizard personal computer interacts with a broadband modem (for example DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) to achieve access to high-speed data networks. For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing access control systems (for instance, RADIUS). One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let end users access one of multiple network services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for specific users. Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both the subscriber and the ISP/

carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the subscribers site. By implementing PPPoE directly on the P-320W v3 (rather than individual computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the P-320W v3 does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LAN's computers will have Internet access. Refer to the appendix for more information on PPPoE. Figure 22 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 15 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection LABEL DESCRIPTION ISP Parameter for Internet Access Connection Type Service Name User Name Password Back Type the name of your service provider. Type the user name given to you by your ISP. Type the password associated with the user name above. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Select the PPP over Ethernet option for a dial-up connection. P-320W v3 Users Guide 45 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard Table 15 Wizard Step 3: PPPoE Connection LABEL Next Exit DESCRIPTION Click Next to continue. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. 3.4.3 PPTP Connection Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables transfers of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks. PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol, and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the Internet. Refer to the appendix for more information on PPTP. Note: The P-320W v3 supports one PPTP server connection at any given time. Figure 23 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection 46 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 3 Connection Wizard The following table describes the fields in this screen Table 16 Wizard Step 3: PPTP Connection LABEL DESCRIPTION ISP Parameters for Internet Access Connection Type Select PPTP from the drop-down list box. To configure a PPTP client, you must configure the User Name and Password fields for a PPP connection and the PPTP parameters for a PPTP connection. Type the user name given to you by your ISP. Type the password associated with the User Name above. User Name Password PPTP Configuration Get automatically from ISP Use fixed IP address My IP Address My IP Subnet Mask Server IP Address Connection ID/

Name Back Next Exit Select this radio button if your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. Select this radio button, provided by your ISP to give the P-320W v3 a fixed, unique IP address. Type the (static) IP address assigned to you by your ISP. Type the subnet mask assigned to you by your ISP (if given). Type the IP address of the PPTP server. Enter the connection ID or connection name in this field. It must follow the "c:id" and "n:name" format. For example, C:12 or N:My ISP. This field is optional and depends on the requirements of your ISP. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Click Next to continue. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. 3.4.4 Your IP Address The following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed IP address or give the P-

320W v3 an automatically assigned IP address depending on your ISP. Figure 24 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address P-320W v3 Users Guide 47 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 17 Wizard Step 3: Your IP Address LABEL Get automatically from your ISP DESCRIPTION Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. If you choose this option, skip directly to section Section 3.4.9 on page 51. Select this option if you were given IP address and/or DNS server settings by the ISP. The fixed IP address should be in the same subnet as your broadband modem or router. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Click Next to continue. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. Use fixed IP address provided by your ISP Back Next Exit 3.4.5 WAN IP Address Assignment Every computer on the Internet must have a unique IP address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet, for instance, only between your two branch offices, you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks. Table 18 Private IP Address Ranges 10.0.0.0 172.16.0.0 192.168.0.0 10.255.255.255 172.31.255.255 192.168.255.255

-

-

-

You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP or have it assigned by a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses. Note: Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;

always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. 3.4.6 IP Address and Subnet Mask Similar to the way houses on a street share a common street name, so too do computers on a LAN share one common network number. Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP 48 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 3 Connection Wizard addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask. If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. Let's say you select 192.168.1.0 as the network number; which covers 254 individual addresses, from 192.168.1.1 to 192.168.1.254 (zero and 255 are reserved). In other words, the first three numbers specify the network number while the last number identifies an individual computer on that network. Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address that is easy to remember, for instance, 192.168.1.1, for your P-320W v3, but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address. The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your P-

320W v3 will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the P-

320W v3 unless you are instructed to do otherwise. 3.4.7 DNS Server Address Assignment Use DNS (Domain Name System) to map a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa, for instance, the IP address of www.zyxel.com is 204.217.0.2. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The P-320W v3 can get the DNS server addresses in the following ways. 1 2 The ISP tells you the DNS server addresses, usually in the form of an information sheet, when you sign up. If your ISP gives you DNS server addresses, enter them in the DNS Server fields in the Wizard and/or WAN > Internet Connection screen. If the ISP did not give you DNS server information, leave the DNS Server fields set to 0.0.0.0 in the Wizard screen and/or set to From ISP in the WAN >

Internet Connection screen for the ISP to dynamically assign the DNS server IP addresses. P-320W v3 Users Guide 49 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard 3.4.8 WAN IP and DNS Server Address Assignment The following wizard screen allows you to assign a fixed WAN IP address and DNS server addresses. Figure 25 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 19 Wizard Step 3: WAN IP and DNS Server Addresses LABEL WAN IP Address Assignment My WAN IP Address DESCRIPTION Enter your WAN IP address in this field. The WAN IP address should be in the same subnet as your DSL/Cable modem or router. Enter the IP subnet mask in this field. My WAN IP Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address System DNS Server Address Assignment (if applicable) Enter the gateway IP address in this field. DNS (Domain Name System) is for mapping a domain name to its corresponding IP address and vice versa. The DNS server is extremely important because without it, you must know the IP address of a computer before you can access it. The P-320W v3 uses a system DNS server (in the order you specify here) to resolve domain names for DDNS and the time server. First DNS Server Enter the DNS server's IP address in the fields provided. Second DNS Server Third DNS Server Back Next Exit If you do not configure a system DNS server, you must use IP addresses when configuring DDNS and the time server. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Click Next to continue. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. 50 P-320W v3 Users Guide 3.4.9 WAN MAC Address Chapter 3 Connection Wizard Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. Table 20 Example of Network Properties for LAN Servers with Fixed IP Addresses 192.168.1.2-192.168.1.32; 192.168.1.65-192.168.1.254. Choose an IP address Subnet mask 255.255.255.0 Gateway (or default route) 192.168.1.1(P-320W v3 LAN IP) This screen allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the P-320W v3s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Once it is successfully configured, the address will be copied to the "rom" file (ZyNOS configuration file). It will not change unless you change the setting or upload a different "rom" file. It is advisable to clone the MAC address from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not presently require MAC address authentication. Figure 26 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address The following table describes the fields in this screen. Table 21 Wizard Step 3: WAN MAC Address LABEL Factory Default DESCRIPTION Select Factory Default to use the factory assigned default MAC address. Select this option, enter the IP address of the computer on the LAN whose MAC you are cloning and click Clone MAC. Spoof the computers MAC address Back Next Exit It is advisable to clone the MAC address from a computer on your LAN even if your ISP does not presently require MAC address authentication. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Click Next to continue. Click Exit to close the wizard screen without saving. P-320W v3 Users Guide 51 Chapter 3 Connection Wizard 3.5 Connection Wizard Complete Click Apply to save your configuration. Figure 27 Connection Wizard Save Follow the on-screen instructions and click Finish to complete the wizard setup. Figure 28 Connection Wizard Complete Well done! You have successfully set up your P-320W v3 to operate on your network and access the Internet. 52 P-320W v3 Users Guide PART II Network Wireless LAN (55) Wireless Tutorial (77) WAN (107) LAN (85) Guest WLAN (117) DHCP Server (89) Network Address Translation (NAT) (93) Dynamic DNS (123) 53 54 CHAPTER 4 Wireless LAN 4.1 Overview This chapter discusses how to configure the wireless network settings in your P-

320W v3. See the appendices for more detailed information about wireless networks. The following figure provides an example of a wireless network. Figure 29 Example of a Wireless Network The wireless network is the part in the blue circle. In this wireless network, devices A and B are called wireless clients. The wireless clients use the access point (AP) to interact with other devices (such as the printer) or with the Internet. Your P-320W v3 is the AP. Every wireless network must follow these basic guidelines. Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use the same SSID. The SSID is the name of the wireless network. It stands for Service Set IDentity. P-320W v3 Users Guide 55 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN If two wireless networks overlap, they should use different channels. Like radio stations or television channels, each wireless network uses a specific channel, or frequency, to send and receive information. Every wireless client in the same wireless network must use security compatible with the AP. Security stops unauthorized devices from using the wireless network. It can also protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. 4.2 What You Can Do Use the General Wireless screen (Section 4.4 on page 60) configure your P-

320W v3 as a wireless router or access point (AP). Use the MAC Filter screen (Section 4.5 on page 68) to configure the P-320W v3 to give or deny access to up to 32 devices. Use the WPS screen (Section 4.6 on page 69) to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and check current WPS status. Use the WPS Station screen (Section 4.7 on page 70) to add a wireless station using WPS. Use the Wireless LAN Advanced screen (Section 4.8 on page 70) to configure your P-320W v3s advanced wireless setup. 4.3 What You Need To Know The following sections provide information that can help you set up your wireless network. It also introduces different types of wireless security you can set up in the wireless network. 4.3.1 SSID Normally, the AP acts like a beacon and regularly broadcasts the SSID in the area. You can hide the SSID instead, in which case the AP does not broadcast the SSID. In addition, you should change the default SSID to something that is difficult to guess. This type of security is fairly weak, however, because there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the SSID. In addition, unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network. 56 P-320W v3 Users Guide 4.3.2 MAC Address Filter Chapter 4 Wireless LAN Every wireless client has a unique identification number, called a MAC address.1 A MAC address is usually written using twelve hexadecimal characters2; for example, 00A0C5000002 or 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. To get the MAC address for each wireless client, see the appropriate Users Guide or other documentation. You can use the MAC address filter to tell the AP which wireless clients are allowed or not allowed to use the wireless network. If a wireless client is allowed to use the wireless network, it still has to have the correct settings (SSID, channel, and security). If a wireless client is not allowed to use the wireless network, it does not matter if it has the correct settings. This type of security does not protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized devices to get the MAC address of an authorized wireless client. Then, they can use that MAC address to use the wireless network. 4.3.3 User Authentication You can make every user log in to the wireless network before they can use it. This is called user authentication. However, every wireless client in the wireless network has to support IEEE 802.1x to do this. For wireless networks, there are two typical places to store the user names and passwords for each user. In the AP: this feature is called a local user database or a local database. In a RADIUS server: this is a server used in businesses more than in homes. If your AP does not provide a local user database and if you do not have a RADIUS server, you cannot set up user names and passwords for your users. Unauthorized devices can still see the information that is sent in the wireless network, even if they cannot use the wireless network. Furthermore, there are ways for unauthorized wireless users to get a valid user name and password. Then, they can use that user name and password to use the wireless network. Local user databases also have an additional limitation that is explained in the next section. 1. Some wireless devices, such as scanners, can detect wireless networks but cannot use wireless networks. These kinds of wireless devices might not have MAC addresses. 2. Hexadecimal characters are 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, A, B, C, D, E, and F. P-320W v3 Users Guide 57 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 4.3.4 Encryption Wireless networks can use encryption to protect the information that is sent in the wireless network. Encryption is like a secret code. If you do not know the secret code, you cannot understand the message. The types of encryption you can choose depend on the type of user authentication. (See Section 4.3.3 on page 57 for information about this.) Table 22 Types of Encryption for Each Type of Authentication Weakest Strongest NO AUTHENTICATION RADIUS SERVER No Security Static WEP WPA-PSK WPA2-PSK WPA2 WPA For example, if the wireless network has a RADIUS server, you can choose WPA or WPA2. If users do not log in to the wireless network, you can choose no encryption, Static WEP, WPA-PSK, or WPA2-PSK. Usually, you should set up the strongest encryption that every wireless client in the wireless network supports. For example, suppose the AP does not have a local user database, and you do not have a RADIUS server. Therefore, there is no user authentication. Suppose the wireless network has two wireless clients. Device A only supports WEP, and device B supports WEP and WPA. Therefore, you should set up Static WEP in the wireless network. Note: It is recommended that wireless networks use WPA-PSK, WPA, or stronger encryption. IEEE 802.1x and WEP encryption are better than none at all, but it is still possible for unauthorized devices to figure out the original information pretty quickly. Note: It is not possible to use WPA-PSK, WPA or stronger encryption with a local user database. In this case, it is better to set up stronger encryption with no authentication than to set up weaker encryption with the local user database. When you select WPA2 or WPA2-PSK in your P-320W v3, you can also select an option (WPA Compatible) to support WPA as well. In this case, if some wireless clients support WPA and some support WPA2, you should set up WPA2-PSK or WPA2 (depending on the type of wireless network login) and select the WPA Compatible option in the P-320W v3. Many types of encryption use a key to protect the information in the wireless network. The longer the key, the stronger the encryption. Every wireless client in the wireless network must have the same key. 58 P-320W v3 Users Guide 4.3.4.1 WPA-PSK Application Example A WPA-PSK application looks as follows. Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 1 2 3 4 First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key (PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters or 64 hexadecimal characters (including spaces and symbols). The AP checks each wireless client's password and allows it to join the network only if the password matches. The AP and wireless clients generate a common PMK (Pairwise Master Key). The key itself is not sent over the network, but is derived from the PSK and the SSID. The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process, the PMK and information exchanged in a handshake to create temporal encryption keys. They use these keys to encrypt data exchanged between them. Figure 30 WPA-PSK Authentication 4.3.4.2 WPA with RADIUS Application Example To set up WPA, you need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number

(default is 1812), and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA application example with an external RADIUS server looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system. 1 2 The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants or denies network access accordingly. 3 A 256-bit Pairwise Master Key (PMK) is derived from the authentication process by the RADIUS server and the client. P-320W v3 Users Guide 59 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 4 The RADIUS server distributes the PMK to the AP. The AP then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys. The keys are used to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. Figure 31 WPA with RADIUS Application Example 4.3.5 WiFi Protected Setup WiFi Protected Setup (WPS) is an industry standard specification, defined by the WiFi Alliance. WPS allows you to quickly set up a wireless network with strong security, without having to configure security settings manually. Depending on the devices in your network, you can either press a button (on the device itself, or in its configuration utility) or enter a PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the devices. Then, they connect and set up a secure network by themselves. See how to set up a secure wireless network using WPS in the Section 6.2 on page 77. 4.4 General Wireless LAN Screen Use this screen to configure your P-320W v3 as a wireless router or access point

(AP). The P-320W v3 can broadcast up to four wireless profiles at the same time. This means that users can connect to the P-320W v3 using different SSIDs. You can only secure the connection on one SSID profile (AP1). Clients connecting to the P-320W v3 using different SSIDs are in the same subnet but cannot communicate with each other. 60 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 4 Wireless LAN Note: If you are configuring the P-320W v3 from a computer connected to the wireless LAN and you change the P-320W v3s SSID, channel or security settings, you will lose your wireless connection when you press Apply to confirm. You must then change the wireless settings of your computer to match the P-320W v3s new settings. Click Network > Wireless LAN to open the General screen. Figure 32 Network > Wireless LAN > General The following table describes the general wireless LAN labels in this screen. Table 23 Network > Wireless LAN > General LABEL Wireless Setup Switch AP DESCRIPTION Select the AP profile you want to configure. You can enable up to 4 AP profiles with your P-320W v3. Click the check box to activate wireless LAN.

(Service Set IDentity) The SSID identifies the Service Set with which a wireless station is associated. Wireless stations associating to the access point (AP) must have the same SSID. Enter a descriptive name (up to 32 printable 7-bit ASCII characters) for the wireless LAN. Select this check box to hide the SSID in the outgoing beacon frame so a station cannot obtain the SSID through scanning using a site survey tool. Set the operating frequency/channel depending on your particular region. Select a channel from the drop-down list box. The options vary depending on whether you are using B/G frequency band and the country you are in. Refer to the Connection Wizard chapter for more information on channels. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only. Enable Wireless LAN Name(SSID) Hide SSID Channel Selection Security P-320W v3 Users Guide 61 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN Table 23 Network > Wireless LAN > General LABEL Security Mode DESCRIPTION Select Static-WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA, 802.1x + Dynamic WEP or WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK (Mixed) to add security on this wireless network. The wireless clients which want to associate to this network must have same wireless security settings as this device. After you select to use a security, additional options appears in this screen. See 4.4.2, 4.4.3, 4.4.4 sections. Or you can select No Security to allow any client to associate this network without authentication. Note: If you enable the WPS function, only No Security and WPA-

PSK are available in this option. Apply Reset Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. See the rest of this chapter for information on the other labels in this screen. 4.4.1 No Security Select No Security to allow wireless stations to communicate with the access points without any data encryption. Note: If you do not enable any wireless security on your P-320W v3, your network is accessible to any wireless networking device that is within range. Figure 33 Network > Wireless LAN > General: No Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. DESCRIPTION Choose No Security from the drop-down list box. Table 24 Wireless No Security LABEL Security Mode Apply Reset Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. 62 P-320W v3 Users Guide 4.4.2 WEP Encryption Chapter 4 Wireless LAN WEP encryption scrambles the data transmitted between the wireless stations and the access points to keep network communications private. It encrypts unicast and multicast communications in a network. Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key. Your P-320W v3 allows you to configure up to four 64-bit or 128-bit WEP keys but only one key can be enabled at any one time. In order to configure and enable WEP encryption; click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select Static WEP from the Security Mode list. Figure 34 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP The following table describes the wireless LAN security labels in this screen. Table 25 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP LABEL Passphrase DESCRIPTION Enter a passphrase (password phrase) of up to 32 printable characters and click Generate. The P-320W v3 automatically generates four different WEP keys and displays them in the Key fields below. Select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP to enable data encryption. WEP Encryption Authenticatio n Method This field is activated when you select 64-bit WEP or 128-bit WEP in the WEP Encryption field. Select Auto or Shared Key from the drop-down list box. P-320W v3 Users Guide 63 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN Table 25 Network > Wireless LAN > General: Static WEP LABEL ASCII Hex DESCRIPTION Select this option in order to enter ASCII characters as WEP key. Select this option in order to enter hexadecimal characters as a WEP key. The preceding "0x", that identifies a hexadecimal key, is entered automatically. The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the P-320W v3 and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission. Key 1 to Key 4 If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. Apply Reset 4.4.3 WPA-PSK Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA-PSK from the Security Mode list. Figure 35 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK 64 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 4 Wireless LAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 26 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK LABEL Pre-Shared Key The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK are the DESCRIPTION same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters

(including spaces and symbols). Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. Apply Reset 4.4.4 WPA Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA from the Security Mode list. Figure 36 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 27 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2 LABEL Authentication Server IP Address DESCRIPTION Port Number Enter the IP address of the external authentication server in dotted decimal notation. Enter the port number of the external authentication server. The default port number is 1812. You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so with additional information. P-320W v3 Users Guide 65 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN Table 27 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA/WPA2 LABEL Shared Secret DESCRIPTION Enter a password (up to 31 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external authentication server and the P-320W v3. Apply Reset The key must be the same on the external authentication server and your P-320W v3. The key is not sent over the network. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. 4.4.5 802.1x + Dynamic WEP Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select 802.1x +

Dynamic WEP from the Security Mode list. Figure 37 Network > Wireless LAN > General: 802.1x + Dynamic WEP The following table describes the labels in this screen.. Table 28 Network > Wireless LAN > General: 802.1x + Dynamic WEP LABEL Dynamic WEP Key Exchange DESCRIPTION The WEP keys are used to encrypt data. Both the P-320W v3 and the wireless stations must use the same WEP key for data transmission. If you chose 64-bit WEP, then enter any 5 ASCII characters or 10 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). If you chose 128-bit WEP, then enter 13 ASCII characters or 26 hexadecimal characters ("0-9", "A-F"). You must configure at least one key, only one key can be activated at any one time. The default key is key 1. Security 66 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 4 Wireless LAN Table 28 Network > Wireless LAN > General: 802.1x + Dynamic WEP LABEL IP Address DESCRIPTION Enter the IP address of the external authentication server in dotted decimal notation. Enter the port number of the external authentication server. The default port number is 1812. Port Number Shared Secret Apply Reset You need not change this value unless your network administrator instructs you to do so with additional information. Enter a password (up to 31 alphanumeric characters) as the key to be shared between the external authentication server and the P-320W v3. The key must be the same on the external authentication server and your P-320W v3. The key is not sent over the network. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. 4.4.6 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK (Mixed) Click Network > Wireless LAN to display the General screen. Select WPA-

PSK/WPA2-PSK (Mixed) from the Security Mode list. Figure 38 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK (Mixed) The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 29 Network > Wireless LAN > General: WPA-PSK LABEL Pre-Shared Key The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK are the DESCRIPTION same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. Type a pre-shared key from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters

(including spaces and symbols). Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. Apply Reset P-320W v3 Users Guide 67 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 4.5 MAC Filter The MAC filter screen allows you to configure the P-320W v3 to give exclusive access to up to 32 devices (Allow) or exclude up to 32 devices from accessing the P-320W v3 (Deny). Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00:A0:C5:00:00:02. You need to know the MAC address of the devices to configure this screen. To change your P-320W v3s MAC filter settings, click Network > Wireless LAN

> MAC Filter. The screen appears as shown. Figure 39 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter The following table describes the labels in this menu. Table 30 Network > Wireless LAN > MAC Filter LABEL Active Filter Action Define the filter action for the list of MAC addresses in the MAC Address DESCRIPTION Select Yes from the drop down list box to enable MAC address filtering. table. Select Deny to block access to the P-320W v3, MAC addresses not listed will be allowed to access the P-320W v3 Select Allow to permit access to the P-320W v3, MAC addresses not listed will be denied access to the P-320W v3. This is the index number of the MAC address. Enter the MAC addresses of the wireless station that are allowed or denied access to the P-320W v3 in these address fields. Enter the MAC addresses in a valid MAC address format, that is, six hexadecimal character pairs, for example, 12:34:56:78:9a:bc. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. Set MAC Address Apply Reset 68 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 4.6 WPS Screen Use this screen to enable/disable WPS, view or generate a new PIN number and check current WPS status. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN >

WPS tab. Figure 40 WPS The following table describes the labels in this screen. DESCRIPTION Table 31 WPS LABEL Wi-Fi Protected Setup Enable PIN Number Select this to enable the WPS feature. This displays a PIN number last time system generated. Click Generate to generate a new PIN number. WPS Status Status Release_Config uration Apply Refresh This displays Configured when the P-320W v3 has connected to a wireless network using WPS or Enable WPS is selected and wireless or wireless security settings have been changed. The current wireless and wireless security settings also appear in the screen. This displays Unconfigured if WPS is disabled and there is no wireless or wireless security changes on the P-320W v3 or you click Release_Configuration to remove the configured wireless and wireless security settings. This button is available when the WPS status is Configured. Click this button to remove all configured wireless and wireless security settings for WPS connections on the P-320W v3. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Refresh to get this screen information afresh. P-320W v3 Users Guide 69 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 4.7 WPS Station Screen Use this screen when you want to add a wireless station using WPS. To open this screen, click Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station tab. Note: Note: After you click Push Button on this screen, you have to press a similar button in the wireless station utility within 2 minutes. To add the second wireless station, you have to press these buttons on both device and the wireless station again after the first 2 minutes. Figure 41 WPS Station The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 32 WPS Station LABEL Push Button DESCRIPTION Use this button when you use the PBC (Push Button Configuration) method to configure wireless stationss wireless settings. See Section 6.2.1 on page 78. Click this to start WPS-aware wireless station scanning and the wireless security information synchronization. Use this button when you use the PIN Configuration method to configure wireless stations wireless settings. See Section 6.2.2 on page 79. Or input stations PIN number Type the same PIN number generated in the wireless stations utility. Then click Start to associate to each other and perform the wireless security information synchronization. 4.8 Wireless LAN Advanced Screen Use this screen to configure your P-320W v3s advanced wireless setup. 70 P-320W v3 Users Guide Click Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced. The screen appears as shown. Figure 42 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced Chapter 4 Wireless LAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. DESCRIPTION Table 33 Network > Wireless LAN > Advanced LABEL Wireless Advanced Setup RTS/CTS Threshold Data with its frame size larger than this value will perform the RTS

(Request To Send)/CTS (Clear To Send) handshake. If the RTS/CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value, then the RTS/CTS handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. Fragmentatio n Threshold Preamble Enter a value between 0 and 2432. It is the maximum data fragment size that can be sent. Enter a value between 256 and 2432. Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short and Long refer to the length of the synchronization field in a packet. Select Long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode the wireless adapters support, and to provide more reliable communications in busy wireless networks. Select Short preamble if you are sure the wireless adapters support it, and to provide more efficient communications. 802.11 Mode Select 802.11b to allow only IEEE 802.11b compliant WLAN devices to associate with the P-320W v3. Select 802.11g to allow only IEEE 802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate with the P-320W v3. Select Mixed to allow either IEEE802.11b or IEEE802.11g compliant WLAN devices to associate with the P-320W v3. The transmission rate of your P-320W v3 might be reduced. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. Apply Reset P-320W v3 Users Guide 71 Chapter 4 Wireless LAN 72 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 5 Wireless Client Mode 5.1 Overview Your P-320W v3 can act as a wireless client. In wireless client mode, it can connect to an existing network via an access point. In the example below, one P-320W v3 (A) is configured as a wireless client and another is used as an access point (B). The wireless client has two clients that need to connect to the Internet. The P-320W v3 wirelessly connects to the available access point (B). Figure 43 Wireless Client Mode Firewall A ISP B DSL Internet After the P-320W v3 and the access point connect, the P-320W v3 acquires its WAN IP address from the access point. The clients of the P-320W v3 can now surf the Internet. 5.2 What You Can Do Use the Wireless Client Mode screen (Section 5.3 on page 74) to use your P-

320W v3 as a wireless client and connect to an existing AP. P-320W v3 Users Guide 73 Chapter 5 Wireless Client Mode 5.3 Wireless Client Mode Screen Use this screen to use your P-320W v3 as a wireless client and connect to an existing AP. Click Wireless Client Mode to open the following screen. Figure 44 Wireless Client Mode 74 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 5 Wireless Client Mode The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 34 Summary: DHCP Table LABEL Client AP Function DESCRIPTION Select Enable to use your P-320W v3 as a wireless client and connect to an existing AP. SSID Channel Select Disable to use your P-320W v3 as a router or an access point if the network to which you are connecting already has a router. Your P-320W v3 is configured as a router/access point by default. Enter the name of the access point to which you are connecting. You can also copy the SSID of the access point to which you want to connect by clicking copy in the list of access points that appears when you click Scan AP. Select the channel of the access point to which you are connecting. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only. MAC Address Enter the MAC address of the access point to which you are connecting. Select the signal strength threshold between the wireless client and the Roaming Threshold access point. When the signal strength between the two devices goes below the value you set in this field, the wireless client searches for and connects to another access point within the roaming threshold. Select WEP if you want to secure the wireless connection.Otherwise, select No Security. This field appears when you select WEP as the security type. Select either 64 bit or 128 bit as the key length for your WEP key. This field appears when you select WEP as the security type. Select either HEX or ASCII as the key length for your WEP key. This field appears when you select WEP as the security type. Encryption type WEP key length WEP Key Mode WEP Key 1 to 4 Select which WEP key you want to use for your wireless connection. By default, the P-320W v3 uses WEP key 1. Click this to view a list of available access points to which you can connect. This is the SSID of the access point. This is the channel of the access point. Scan AP SSID Channel MAC Address This is the MAC Address of the access point. RSSI Encryption type copy Apply Reset This is the RSSI or signal strength of the access point. This is the encryption type of the access point. Click this to copy the SSID of the access point to the SSID field. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to reload the previous configuration for this screen. P-320W v3 Users Guide 75 Chapter 5 Wireless Client Mode 76 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 6 Wireless Tutorial 6.1 How to Connect to the Internet from an AP This section gives you an example of how to set up an access point (AP) and wireless client (a notebook (B), in this example) for wireless communication. B can access the Internet through the AP wirelessly. Figure 45 Wireless AP Connection to the Internet B AP Internet 6.2 Configure Wireless Security Using WPS on both your P-320W v3 and Wireless Client This section gives you an example of how to set up wireless network using WPS. This example uses the P-320W v3 as the AP and NWD210N as the wireless client which connects to a notebook. Note: The wireless client must be a WPS-aware device (for example, a WPS USB adapter or PCI card). There are two WPS methods for creating a secure connection. This tutorial shows you how to do both. Push Button Configuration (PBC) - create a secure wireless network simply by pressing a button. See Section 6.2.1 on page 78.This is the easier method. PIN Configuration - create a secure wireless network simply by entering a wireless client's PIN (Personal Identification Number) in the P-320W v3s interface. See Section 6.2.2 on page 79. This is the more secure method, since one device can authenticate the other. P-320W v3 Users Guide 77 Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial 6.2.1 Push Button Configuration (PBC) 1 Make sure that your P-320W v3 is turned on and that it is within range of your computer. 2 Make sure that you have installed the wireless client (this example uses the NWD210N) driver and utility in your notebook. 3 4 In the wireless client utility, find the WPS settings. Enable WPS and press the WPS button (Start or WPS button) Log into P-320W v3s web configurator and press the Push Button button in the Network > Wireless Client > WPS Station screen. Note: Your P-320W v3 has a WPS button located on its panel, as well as a WPS button in its configuration utility. Both buttons have exactly the same function;

you can use one or the other. Note: It doesnt matter which button is pressed first. You must press the second button within two minutes of pressing the first one. The P-320W v3 sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the P-320W v3 securely. 78 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial The following figure shows you an example to set up wireless network and security by pressing a button on both P-320W v3 and wireless client (the NWD210N in this example). Figure 46 Example WPS Process: PBC Method Wireless Client P-320W V3 WITHIN 2 MINUTES SECURITY INFO COMMUNICATION 6.2.2 PIN Configuration When you use the PIN configuration method, you need to use both P-320W v3s configuration interface and the clients utilities. 1 Launch your wireless clients configuration utility. go to the WPS settings and select the PIN method to get a PIN number. 2 Enter the PIN number to the PIN field in the Network > Wireless LAN > WPS Station screen on the P-320W v3. 3 Click Start buttons (or button next to the PIN field) on both the wireless client utility screen and the P-320W v3s WPS Station screen within two minutes. The P-320W v3 authenticates the wireless client and sends the proper configuration settings to the wireless client. This may take up to two minutes. Then the wireless client is able to communicate with the P-320W v3 securely. P-320W v3 Users Guide 79 Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial The following figure shows you the example to set up wireless network and security on P-320W v3 and wireless client (ex. NWD210N in this example) by using PIN method. Figure 47 Example WPS Process: PIN Method Wireless Client P-320W v3 WITHIN 2 MINUTES Authentication by PIN SECURITY INFO COMMUNICATION 80 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial 6.3 Enable and Configure Wireless Security without WPS on your P-320W v3 This example shows you how to configure wireless security settings with the following parameters on your P-320W v3. SSID Channel Security SSID_Example3 6 WPA-PSK

(Pre-Shared Key: ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey) Follow the steps below to configure the wireless settings on your P-320W v3. The instructions require that your hardware is connected (see the Quick Start Guide) and you are logged into the web configurator through your LAN connection

(see Section 2.2 on page 25). 1 Open the Wireless LAN > General screen in the APs web configurator. 2 Make sure the Enable Wireless LAN check box is selected. 3 Enter SSID_Example3 as the SSID and select a channel. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only. 4 Set security mode to WPA-PSK and enter ThisismyWPA-PSKpre-sharedkey in the Pre-Shared Key field. Click Apply. Figure 48 Network > Wireless LAN > General P-320W v3 Users Guide 81 Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial 5 Open the Status screen. Verify your wireless and wireless security settings under Device Information. Figure 49 Status: AP Mode 6.4 Configure Your Notebook Note: We use the ZyXEL M-302 wireless adapter utility screens as an example for the wireless client. The screens may vary for different models. 1 The P-320W v3 supports IEEE 802.11b and IEEE 802.11g wireless clients. Make sure that your notebook or computers wireless adapter supports one of these standards. 2 Wireless adapters come with software sometimes called a utility that you install on your computer. See your wireless adapters Users Guide for information on how to do that. 3 After youve installed the utility, open it. If you cannot see your utilitys icon on your screen, go to Start > Programs and click on your utility in the list of programs that appears. The utility displays a list of APs within range, as shown in the example screen below. 82 P-320W v3 Users Guide 4 Select SSID_Example3 and click Connect. Figure 50 Connecting a Wireless Client to a Wireless Network t Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial 5 Select WPA-PSK and type the security key in the following screen. Click Next. Figure 51 Security Settings 6 The Confirm Save window appears. Check your settings and click Save to continue. Figure 52 Confirm Save P-320W v3 Users Guide 83 Chapter 6 Wireless Tutorial 7 Check the status of your wireless connection in the screen below. If your wireless connection is weak or you have no connection, see the Troubleshooting section of this Users Guide. Figure 53 Link Status 8 If your connection is successful, open your Internet browser and enter http://

www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless connection is successfully configured. 84 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 7 LAN 7.1 Overview This chapter describes how to configure LAN settings. A Local Area Network (LAN) is a shared communication system to which many computers are attached. A LAN is a computer network limited to the immediate area, usually the same building or floor of a building. The LAN screen can help you identify your local network. Figure 54 Local Area Network LAN DSL Internet 7.2 What You Can Do Use the LAN IP screen (Section 7.4 on page 87) to change your basic LAN settings. 7.3 What You Need to Know The following sections provide information that you may need when configuring the LAN IP screen. P-320W v3 Users Guide 85 Chapter 7 LAN 7.3.1 IP Pool Setup The P-320W v3 is pre-configured with a pool of 32 IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64. This configuration leaves 31 IP addresses

(excluding the P-320W v3 itself) in the lower range (192.168.1.2 to 192.168.1.32) for other server computers, for instance, servers for mail, FTP, TFTP, web, etc., that you may have. 7.3.2 System DNS Servers Refer to Section 3.4.6 on page 48 in the Connection Wizard chapter. 7.3.3 LAN TCP/IP The P-320W v3 has built-in DHCP server capability that assigns IP addresses and DNS servers to systems that support DHCP client capability. 7.3.4 Factory LAN Defaults The LAN parameters of the P-320W v3 are preset in the factory with the following values:

IP address of 192.168.1.1 with subnet mask of 255.255.255.0 (24 bits) DHCP server enabled with 32 client IP addresses starting from 192.168.1.33. These parameters should work for the majority of installations. If your ISP gives you explicit DNS server address(es), read the embedded web configurator help regarding what fields need to be configured. 7.3.5 IP Address and Subnet Mask Refer to the IP address and subnet mask section in the Connection Wizard chapter for this information. 86 P-320W v3 Users Guide 7.4 LAN IP Screen Use this screen to change your basic LAN settings. Click Network > LAN. Figure 55 Network > LAN > IP Chapter 7 LAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 35 Network > LAN > IP LABEL IP Address DESCRIPTION Type the IP address of your P-320W v3 in dotted decimal notation 192.168.1.1 (factory default). The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your P-320W v3 will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the P-320W v3. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. IP Subnet Mask Apply Reset P-320W v3 Users Guide 87 Chapter 7 LAN 88 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 8 DHCP Server 8.1 Overview DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol, RFC 2131 and RFC 2132) allows individual clients to obtain TCP/IP configuration at start-up from a server. You can configure the P-320W v3s DHCP server(s) or disable it. When configured as a server, the P-320W v3 provides the TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If DHCP service is disabled, you must have another DHCP server on your LAN or Guest WLAN, or else the computer must be manually configured. 8.2 What You Can Do Use the DHCP Server General screen (Section 8.3 on page 89) to enable and configure your DHCP server. Use the Static DHCP screen (Section 8.4 on page 91) to change your P-320W v3s Static DHCP settings. Use the Client List screen (Section 8.5 on page 91) to view a list of current DHCP client information. 8.3 DHCP Server General Screen Use this screen to enable and configure your DHCP server. P-320W v3 Users Guide 89 Chapter 8 DHCP Server Click Network > DHCP Server. The following screen displays. Figure 56 Network > DHCP Server > General The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 36 Network > DHCP Server > General LABEL Enable DHCP Server DESCRIPTION Leave the check box selected unless your ISP instructs you to do otherwise. Clear it to disable the P-320W v3 acting as a DHCP server. When configured as a server, the P-320W v3 provides TCP/IP configuration for the clients. If not, DHCP service is disabled and you must have another DHCP server on your LAN, or else the computers must be manually configured. This field specifies the first of the contiguous addresses in the IP address pool. This field specifies the size, or count of the IP address pool. Select how long a computer can lease its IP address in the network. You can select from 1 HOUR (default) to as long as Forever

(unlimited time). IP Pool Starting Address Pool Size Lease Time DNS Servers The P-320W v3 passes a DNS (Domain Name System) server IP address (in the order you specify here) to the DHCP clients. The P-320W v3 only passes this information to the LAN DHCP clients when you select the Enable DHCP Server check box. When you clear the Enable DHCP Server check box, DHCP service is disabled and you must have another DHCP sever on your LAN, or else the computers must have their DNS server addresses manually configured. First DNS Server Enter the IP address(es) of the DNS server(s). If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it. Second DNS Server Apply Reset Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 90 P-320W v3 Users Guide 8.4 Static DHCP Screen Chapter 8 DHCP Server This table allows you to assign IP addresses on the LAN to specific individual computers based on their MAC addresses. Every Ethernet device has a unique MAC (Media Access Control) address. The MAC address is assigned at the factory and consists of six pairs of hexadecimal characters, for example, 00-A0-C5-00-00-02. To change your P-320W v3s Static DHCP settings, click the DHCP Server link under Network and the Static DHCP tab. The following screen displays. Figure 57 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 37 Network > DHCP Server > Advanced LABEL

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MAC Address IP Address Apply Reset DESCRIPTION This is the index number of the static IP table entry (row). Type the MAC address (with colons) of a computer on your LAN. Type the LAN IP address of a computer on your LAN. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 8.5 Client List Screen The DHCP table shows current DHCP client information (including IP Address, Host Name and MAC Address) of LAN or Guest WLAN network clients using the P-320W v3s DHCP servers. P-320W v3 Users Guide 91 Chapter 8 DHCP Server Configure this screen to always assign an IP address to a MAC address (and host name). Click Network > DHCP Server > Client List. Note: You can also view a read-only client list by clicking the DHCP Table (Details...) hyperlink in the Status screen. The following screen displays. Figure 58 Network > DHCP Server > Client List The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 38 Network > DHCP Server > Client List LABEL

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IP Address Host Name MAC Address DESCRIPTION This is the index number of the host computer. This field displays the IP address relative to the # field listed above. This field displays the computer host name. The MAC (Media Access Control) or Ethernet address on a LAN

(Local Area Network) is unique to your computer (six pairs of hexadecimal notation). A network interface card such as an Ethernet adapter has a hardwired address that is assigned at the factory. This address follows an industry standard that ensures no other adapter has a similar address. Select this check box in the LAN DHCP Setup or Guest WLAN DHCP Setup section to have the P-320W v3 always assign the IP address(es) to the MAC address(es) (and host name(s)). After you click Apply, the MAC address and IP address also display in the Advanced screen (where you can edit them). Click Apply to save your settings. Click Refresh to reload the DHCP table. Reserve Apply Refresh 92 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 9 Network Address Translation

(NAT) 9.1 Overview This chapter discusses how to configure NAT on the P-320W v3. NAT (Network Address Translation - NAT, RFC 1631) is the translation of the IP address of a host in a packet. For example, the source address of an outgoing packet, used within one network is changed to a different IP address known within another network. 9.2 What You Can Do Use the General NAT screen (Section 9.4 on page 96) to enable NAT on your P-

320W v3. Use the Port Forwarding screen (Section 9.5 on page 97) to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be forwarded. Use the Trigger Port screen (Section 9.3.2 on page 95) change your P-320W v3s trigger port settings. 9.3 What You Need to Know The following section provides information on how you can properly configure NAT. Note: You must create a firewall rule in addition to setting up NAT, to allow traffic from the WAN to be forwarded through the P-320W v3. 9.3.1 Port Forwarding: Services and Port Numbers A port forwarding set is a list of inside (behind NAT on the LAN) servers, for example, web or FTP, that you can make accessible to the outside world even P-320W v3 Users Guide 93 Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) though NAT makes your whole inside network appear as a single machine to the outside world. Use the Application screen to forward incoming service requests to the server(s) on your local network. You may enter a single port number or a range of port numbers to be forwarded, and the local IP address of the desired server. The port number identifies a service; for example, web service is on port 80 and FTP on port 21. In some cases, such as for unknown services or where one server can support more than one service (for example both FTP and web service), it might be better to specify a range of port numbers. In addition to the servers for specified services, NAT supports a default server. A service request that does not have a server explicitly designated for it is forwarded to the default server. If the default is not defined, the service request is simply discarded. Note: Many residential broadband ISP accounts do not allow you to run any server processes (such as a Web or FTP server) from your location. Your ISP may periodically check for servers and may suspend your account if it discovers any active services at your location. If you are unsure, refer to your ISP. 9.3.1.1 Configuring Servers Behind Port Forwarding Example Let's say you want to assign ports 21-25 to one FTP, Telnet and SMTP server (A in the example), port 80 to another (B in the example) and assign a default server IP address of 192.168.1.35 to a third (C in the example). You assign the LAN IP addresses and the ISP assigns the WAN IP address. The NAT network appears as a single host on the Internet Figure 59 Multiple Servers Behind NAT Example A=192.168.1.33 LAN 192.168.1.1 WAN B=192.168.1.34 Internet C=192.168.1.35 192.168.1.36 9.3.2 Trigger Port Forwarding Some services use a dedicated range of ports on the client side and a dedicated range of ports on the server side. With regular port forwarding you set a forwarding port in NAT to forward a service (coming in from the server on the 94 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) WAN) to the IP address of a computer on the client side (LAN). The problem is that port forwarding only forwards a service to a single LAN IP address. In order to use the same service on a different LAN computer, you have to manually replace the LAN computer's IP address in the forwarding port with another LAN computer's IP address. Trigger port forwarding solves this problem by allowing computers on the LAN to dynamically take turns using the service. The P-320W v3 records the IP address of a LAN computer that sends traffic to the WAN to request a service with a specific port number and protocol (a "trigger" port). When the P-320W v3's WAN port receives a response with a specific port number and protocol ("incoming" port), the P-320W v3 forwards the traffic to the LAN IP address of the computer that sent the request. After that computers connection for that service closes, another computer on the LAN can use the service in the same manner. This way you do not need to configure a new IP address each time you want a different LAN computer to use the application. 9.3.2.1 Trigger Port Forwarding Example The following is an example of trigger port forwarding. Figure 60 Trigger Port Forwarding Process: Example Janes computer Real Audio Server Port 7070 Internet 1 2 3 4 Jane requests a file from the Real Audio server (port 7070). Port 7070 is a trigger port and causes the P-320W v3 to record Janes computer IP address. The P-320W v3 associates Jane's computer IP address with the

"incoming" port range of 6970-7170. The Real Audio server responds using a port number ranging between 6970-7170. The P-320W v3 forwards the traffic to Janes computer IP address. 5 Only Jane can connect to the Real Audio server until the connection is closed or times out. The P-320W v3 times out in three minutes with UDP (User Datagram Protocol), or two hours with TCP/IP (Transfer Control Protocol/Internet Protocol). P-320W v3 Users Guide 95 Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) 9.3.3 Two Points To Remember About Trigger Ports 1 2 Trigger events only happen on data that is going coming from inside the P-320W v3 and going to the outside. If an application needs a continuous data stream, that port (range) will be tied up so that another computer on the LAN cant trigger it. 9.4 General NAT Screen Use this screen to enable NAT on your P-320W v3. Click Network > NAT to open the General screen. Figure 61 Network > NAT > General The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 39 Network > NAT > General LABEL Enable Network Address Translation DESCRIPTION Network Address Translation (NAT) allows the translation of an Internet protocol address used within one network (for example a private IP address used in a local network) to a different IP address known within another network (for example a public IP address used on the Internet). Apply Reset Select the check box to enable NAT. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 9.5 Port Forwarding Screen Port forwarding allows you to define the local servers to which the incoming services will be forwarded. To change your P-320W v3s port forwarding settings, click Network > NAT > Application. The screen appears as shown. 96 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) Note: If you do not assign a Default Server IP address in the NAT > General screen, the P-320W v3 discards all packets received for ports that are not specified in this screen or remote management. Refer to Appendix E on page 247 for port numbers commonly used for particular services. Figure 62 Network > NAT > Application The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 40 NAT Application LABEL Default Server Setup Default Server DESCRIPTION Type the inside IP address of the server that receives packets from the port(s) that are not specified in the Port field. Port Forwarding

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Active Name Start Port End Port Server IP Address This is the number of an individual port forwarding server entry. This icon is turned on when the rule is enabled. This field displays a name to identify this rule. This field displays a start port number. This field displays an end port number. If the same port number as the Start Port is displayed then a single port is forwarded. If a different number to the Start Port number is displayed then a range of ports are forwarded. This field displays the inside IP address of the server. P-320W v3 Users Guide 97 Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) Table 40 NAT Application (continued) LABEL Modify DESCRIPTION Click the Edit icon to display and modify an existing rule setting in the fields under Add Application Rule. Apply Reset Click the Remove icon to delete a rule. Click Apply to save your changes to the Application Rules Summary table. Click Reset to not save and return your new changes in the Service Name and Port fields to the previous one. 9.5.1 Rule Setup Screen To edit a port forwarding rule, click the edit icon under Modify. The following screen displays. Figure 63 NAT: Port Forwarding: Rule Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 41 Network > NAT > General LABEL Active DESCRIPTION Select the check box to enable this port forwarding entry. Service Name Start Port End Port Server IP Address Apply Reset Clear the checkbox to disallow forwarding of these ports to an inside server without having to delete the entry. Type a Service Name to identify this port-forwarding rule. Type a start port number. To forward only one port, enter it again in the End Port field. To specify a range of ports, enter the last port to be forwarded in the End Port field. Type an end port number. Type the inside IP address of the server. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 98 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) 9.6 Trigger Port Screen To change your P-320W v3s trigger port settings, click Network > NAT >

Advanced. The screen appears as shown. Note: Only one LAN computer can use a trigger port (range) at a time. Figure 64 Network > NAT > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 42 Network > NAT > Advanced LABEL

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Name DESCRIPTION This is the rule index number (read-only). Type a unique name (up to 15 characters) for identification purposes. All characters are permitted - including spaces. Incoming is a port (or a range of ports) that a server on the WAN uses when it sends out a particular service. The P-320W v3 forwards the traffic with this port (or range of ports) to the client computer on the LAN that requested the service. Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers. Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers. The trigger port is a port (or a range of ports) that causes (or triggers) the P-320W v3 to record the IP address of the LAN computer that sent the traffic to a server on the WAN. Type a port number or the starting port number in a range of port numbers. Incoming Start Port End Port Trigger Start Port P-320W v3 Users Guide 99 Chapter 9 Network Address Translation (NAT) Table 42 Network > NAT > Advanced LABEL End Port Apply Reset DESCRIPTION Type a port number or the ending port number in a range of port numbers. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 9.7 Technical Reference This section provides some technical information about the topics covered in this chapter. 9.7.1 Game List Example Here is an example game list text file. The index number, service name and associated port(s) are specified by semi-colons (no spaces). Use the name=xxx

(where xxx is the service name) to create a new service. Port range can be separated with a hyphen (-) (no spaces). Multiple (non-consecutive) ports can be separated by commas. Figure 65 Game List Example version=1 1;name=Battlefield 1942;port=14567,22000,23000-23009,27900,28900 2;name=Call of Duty;port=28960 3;name=Civilization IV;port=2056 4;name=Diablo I and II;port=6112-6119,4000 5;name=Doom 3;port=27666 6;name=F.E.A.R;port=27888 7;name=Final Fantasy XI;port=25,80,110,443,50000-65535 8;name=Guild Wars;port=6112,80 9;name=Half Life;port=6003,7002,27005,27010,27011,27015 10;name=Jedi Knight III: Jedi Academy;port=28060-28062,28070-28081 11;name=Need for Speed: Hot Pursuit 2;port=1230,8511-

8512,27900,28900,61200-61230 12;name=Neverwinter Nights;port=5120-5300,6500,27900,28900 13;name=Quake 2;port=27910 14;name=Quake 3;port=27660,27960 15;name=Rainbow Six 3: Raven Shield;port=7777-7787,8777-8787 16;name=Serious Sam II;port=25600-25605 17;name=Silent Hunter III;port=17997-18003 18;name=Soldier of Fortune II;port=20100-20112 19;name=Starcraft;port=6112-6119,4000 20;name=Star Trek: Elite Force II;port=29250,29256 21;name=SWAT 4;port=10480-10483 22;name=Warcraft II and III;port=6112-6119,4000 23;name=World of Warcraft;port=3724 100 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 10.1 Overview 10 VLAN This chapter shows you how to configure VLANs on your P-320W v3. A Virtual LAN (VLAN) allows a physical network to be partitioned into multiple logical networks. Only stations within the same group can communicate with each other. Stations on a logical network can belong to one or more groups. In the figure below, your P-320W v3 (C) has VLAN configured on two of its ports. Frames coming from computer A are tagged with Port VLAN ID (PVID) 1 and those from computer B are tagged with PVID 2. When computers A and B request IP addresses, the P-320W v3 forwards this to the VLAN-aware switch (D). The switch sends each request to the corresponding DHCP server. Computer A gets its IP address from DHCP Server 1, and computer B gets its IP address from DHCP server 2. Figure 66 VLAN Example VLAN 1 PVID 1 VLAN 2 PVID 2 A B VLAN 1 C D VLAN 2 DHCP Server 1 DHCP Server 2 10.2 What You Can Do Use the VLAN screen (Section 10.4 on page 102) to configure the Port VLAN ID

(PVID) on the physical ports of the P-320W v3. P-320W v3 Users Guide 101 Chapter 10 VLAN 10.3 What You Need to Know The following sections provide information that can help you configure the VLAN screen of your P-320W v3. 10.3.1 How VLAN Works A tagged VLAN uses an explicit tag (VLAN ID) in the MAC header to identify the VLAN membership of a frame across bridges - they are not confined to the switch on which they were created. The VLANs can be created statically by hand or dynamically through GVRP (which is an 802.1 protocol). The VLAN ID associates a frame with a specific VLAN and provides the information that switches need to process the frame across the network. A tagged frame is four bytes longer than an untagged frame and contains two bytes for the TPID (Tag Protocol Identifier, residing within the type/length field of the Ethernet frame) and two bytes for the TCI (Tag Control Information, starting after the source address field of the Ethernet frame). 10.3.2 VLAN Tag The CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) is a single-bit flag, always set to zero for Ethernet switches. If a frame received at an Ethernet port has a CFI set to 1, then that frame should not be forwarded as it is to an untagged port. The remaining twelve bits define the VLAN ID, giving a possible maximum number of 4,096 VLANs. Note that user priority and VLAN ID are independent of each other. A frame with VID (VLAN Identifier) of null (0) is called a priority frame, meaning that only the priority level is significant and the default VID of the ingress port is given as the VID of the frame. Of the 4096 possible VIDs, a VID of 0 is used to identify priority frames and the value 4095 (FFF) is reserved, so the maximum possible number of VLAN configurations is 4,094. TPID User Priority CFI VLAN ID 2 Bytes 3 Bits 1 Bit 12 bits 10.4 VLAN Screen Use this screen to configure the Port VLAN ID (PVID) on the physical ports of the P-320W v3. The P-320W v3 forwards tagged frames to a VLAN-aware switch that can send the frames to its corresponding destination. Note: Tagged traffic remains in the same VLAN and cannot be seen by other VLANs. 102 P-320W v3 Users Guide Click Network > VLAN to open the following screen. Figure 67 Network > VLAN Chapter 10 VLAN The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 43 Network > VLAN LABEL Port Setting DESCRIPTION This column displays the port name (LAN1 ~ LAN4). Specify whether a port is LAN (default for all ports) or is part of a VLAN. Note: Port 4s setting is always set to LAN. This ensures that you can manage the P-320W v3 through a LAN port if necessary. Enter the Port VLAN ID (1 ~ 4094) to add to untagged frames received on each port. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. PVID Apply Reset P-320W v3 Users Guide 103 Chapter 10 VLAN 104 P-320W v3 Users Guide PART III Security Firewall (117) Content Filtering (125) 105 106 CHAPTER 11 WAN 11.1 Overview This chapter discusses the P-320W v3s WAN screens. Use these screens to configure your P-320W v3 for Internet access. A WAN (Wide Area Network) connection is an outside connection to another network or the Internet. It connects your private networks (such as a LAN (Local Area Network) and other networks, so that a computer in one location can communicate with computers in other locations. Figure 68 LAN and WAN LAN WAN Internet See the chapter about the connection wizard for more information on the fields in the WAN screens. 11.2 What You Can Do Use the Internet Connection screen (Section 11.3 on page 108) to configure your P-320W v3s Internet access settings. Use the Advanced screen (Section 11.4 on page 114) to change your P-320W v3s advanced WAN settings. Use the Traffic Redirect screen (Section 11.5 on page 114) to enable the P-

320W v3 to redirect traffic. P-320W v3 Users Guide 107 Chapter 11 WAN 11.3 Internet Connection Screen Use this screen to configure your P-320W v3s Internet access settings. Click Network > WAN. The screen differs according to the encapsulation you choose. 11.3.1 Ethernet Encapsulation This screen displays when you select Ethernet encapsulation. Figure 69 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 44 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation LABEL ISP Parameters for Internet Access Encapsulation DESCRIPTION Choose the Ethernet option when the WAN port is used as a regular Ethernet. Choose from Standard, RR-Toshiba (Roadrunner Toshiba authentication method), RR-Manager (Roadrunner Manager authentication method), RR-Telstra (RoadRunner Telstra authentication method) or Telia Login. Service Type The following fields do not appear with the Standard service type. User Name - Enter the user name for the account. Password - Enter the password associated with the user name above. Retype to Confirm - Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is correctly. Login Server - Enter the IP address of the server you want to use. WAN IP Address Assignment 108 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 11 WAN Table 44 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: Ethernet Encapsulation LABEL Get automatically from ISP Use Fixed IP Address DESCRIPTION Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. IP Address IP Subnet Mask Gateway IP Address WAN MAC Address Spoof WAN MAC address Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address. Enter the IP Subnet Mask in this field. Enter a Gateway IP Address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field. The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the P-320W v3s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Select this if you want to hide your computers MAC address. Enter the MAC address you want to use and click Clone MAC. Apply Reset Clear the check box to use the factory assigned default MAC Address. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 11.3.2 PPPoE Encapsulation The P-320W v3 supports PPPoE (Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet). PPPoE is an IETF standard (RFC 2516) specifying how a personal computer (PC) interacts with a broadband modem (DSL, cable, wireless, etc.) connection. The PPP over Ethernet option is for a dial-up connection using PPPoE. For the service provider, PPPoE offers an access and authentication method that works with existing access control systems (for example RADIUS). One of the benefits of PPPoE is the ability to let you access one of multiple network services, a function known as dynamic service selection. This enables the service provider to easily create and offer new IP services for individuals. Operationally, PPPoE saves significant effort for both you and the ISP or carrier, as it requires no specific configuration of the broadband modem at the customer site. By implementing PPPoE directly on the P-320W v3 (rather than individual computers), the computers on the LAN do not need PPPoE software installed, since the P-320W v3 does that part of the task. Furthermore, with NAT, all of the LANs computers will have access. P-320W v3 Users Guide 109 Chapter 11 WAN This screen displays when you select PPPoE encapsulation. Figure 70 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 45 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation LABEL ISP Parameters for Internet Access Encapsulation DESCRIPTION Service Name User Name Password Retype to Confirm Nailed-Up Connection MTU Idle Timeout Choose the PPP over Ethernet if you connect to the Internet using dial-up. Type the PPPoE service name provided to you. PPPoE uses a service name to identify and reach the PPPoE server. Type the user name given to you by your ISP. Type the password associated with the user name above. Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is correctly. Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time out. The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) refers to the largest packet size that a device can forward. Enter the value (in bytes) that you want the P-320W v3 to be able to handle. The default value is 1492 bytes. This value specifies the time in seconds that elapses before the router automatically disconnects from the PPPoE server. The default value is 600 seconds. WAN IP Address Assignment 110 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 11 WAN Table 45 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPPoE Encapsulation LABEL Get automatically from ISP Use Fixed IP Address DESCRIPTION Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. My WAN IP Address Remote IP Address Remote IP Subnet Mask WAN MAC Address Spoof the computers MAC address Apply Reset Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address. Enter the remote IP address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field. Enter the remote IP subnet mask in this field. The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by using the P-320W v3s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Select this if you want to hide your computers MAC address. Enter the MAC address you want to use and click Clone MAC. Clear the check box to use the factory assigned default MAC Address. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 11.3.3 PPTP Encapsulation Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) is a network protocol that enables secure transfer of data from a remote client to a private server, creating a Virtual Private Network (VPN) using TCP/IP-based networks. PPTP supports on-demand, multi-protocol and virtual private networking over public networks, such as the Internet. P-320W v3 Users Guide 111 Chapter 11 WAN This screen displays when you select PPTP encapsulation. Figure 71 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 46 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation LABEL ISP Parameters for Internet Access Encapsulation DESCRIPTION Choose PPTP to enable secure transfer of data from a remote client to a private server. To configure a PPTP client, you must configure the User Name and Password fields for a PPP connection and the PPTP parameters for a PPTP connection. Type the user name given to you by your ISP. Type the password associated with the user name above. User Name Password Retype to Confirm Type your password again to make sure that you have entered is correctly. For PPTP Route Nailed-up Connection MTU Select Nailed-Up Connection if you do not want the connection to time out. The Maximum Transmission Unit (MTU) refers to the largest packet size that a device can forward. Enter the value (in bytes) that you want the P-320W v3 to be able to handle. The default value is 1460 bytes. 112 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 11 WAN Table 46 Network > WAN > Internet Connection: PPTP Encapsulation LABEL Idle Timeout DESCRIPTION This value specifies the time in seconds that elapses before the P-

320W v3 automatically disconnects from the PPTP server. The default value is 600 seconds. PPTP Configuration Get automatically from ISP Use Fixed IP Address My IP Address My IP Subnet Mask Server IP Address Connection ID/

Name Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. Type the (static) IP address assigned to you by your ISP. Your P-320W v3 will automatically calculate the subnet mask based on the IP address that you assign. Unless you are implementing subnetting, use the subnet mask computed by the P-320W v3. Type the IP address of the PPTP server. Type your identification name for the PPTP server. WAN IP Address Assignment Get automatically from ISP Use Fixed IP Address Select this option If your ISP did not assign you a fixed IP address. This is the default selection. Select this option If the ISP assigned a fixed IP address. My WAN IP Address Remote IP Address Remote IP Subnet Mask WAN MAC Address Spoof the computers MAC address Apply Reset Enter your WAN IP address in this field if you selected Use Fixed IP Address. Enter the remote IP address (if your ISP gave you one) in this field. Enter the remote IP subnet mask in this field. The MAC address section allows users to configure the WAN port's MAC address by either using the P-320W v3s MAC address, copying the MAC address from a computer on your LAN or manually entering a MAC address. Select this if you want to hide your computers MAC address. Enter the MAC address you want to use and click Clone MAC. Clear the check box to use the factory assigned default MAC Address. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. P-320W v3 Users Guide 113 Chapter 11 WAN 11.4 Advanced Screen To change your P-320W v3s advanced WAN settings, click Network > WAN >

Advanced. The screen appears as shown. Figure 72 Network > WAN > Advanced The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 47 WAN > Advanced LABEL First DNS Server DESCRIPTION Enter the DNS server's IP address in the field to the right. Second DNS Server If you set a second choice to User-Defined, and enter the same IP address, the second User-Defined changes to None after you click Apply. Apply Reset If you do not configure a DNS server, you must know the IP address of a computer in order to access it. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 11.5 Traffic Redirect Screen To enable the P-320W v3 to redirect traffic, click Network > WAN > Advanced. The screen appears as shown. Figure 73 Network > WAN > Advanced 114 P-320W v3 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Chapter 11 WAN Table 48 WAN > Advanced LABEL Active DESCRIPTION Select this check box to have the P-320W v3 use traffic redirect if the normal WAN connection goes down. Type the IP address of your backup gateway in dotted decimal notation. The P-320W v3 automatically forwards traffic to this IP address if the P-320W v3's Internet connection terminates. Configuration of this field is optional. If you do not enter an IP address here, the P-320W v3 will use the default gateway IP address. Configure this field to test your P-320W v3's WAN accessibility. Type the IP address of a reliable nearby computer (for example, your ISP's DNS server address). If you are using PPTP or PPPoE Encapsulation, type "0.0.0.0" to configure the P-320W v3 to check the PVC (Permanent Virtual Circuit) or PPTP tunnel. Type the number of times your P-320W v3 may attempt and fail to connect to the Internet before traffic is forwarded to the backup gateway. Type the number of seconds for the P-320W v3 to wait between checks to see if it can connect to the WAN IP address (Check WAN IP Address field) or default gateway. Allow more time if your destination IP address handles lots of traffic. Type the number of seconds for your P-320W v3 to wait for a ping response from the IP Address in the Check WAN IP Address field before it times out. The WAN connection is considered "down" after the P-320W v3 times out the number of times specified in the Fail Tolerance field. Use a higher value in this field if your network is busy or congested. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. Backup Gateway IP Address Check WAN IP Address Fail Tolerance Period Timeout Apply Reset P-320W v3 Users Guide 115 Chapter 11 WAN 116 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 12 Firewall 12.1 Overview This chapter gives some background information on firewalls and explains how to get started with the P-320W v3s firewall. Originally, the term firewall referred to a construction technique designed to prevent the spread of fire from one room to another. The networking term

"firewall" is a system or group of systems that enforces an access-control policy between two networks. It may also be defined as a mechanism used to protect a trusted network from a network that is not trusted. Of course, firewalls cannot solve every security problem. A firewall is one of the mechanisms used to establish a network security perimeter in support of a network security policy. It should never be the only mechanism or method employed. For a firewall to guard effectively, you must design and deploy it appropriately. This requires integrating the firewall into a broad information-security policy. In addition, specific policies must be implemented within the firewall itself. 12.2 What You Can Do Use the General screen (Section 12.4 on page 119) to enable or disable the P-

320W v3s firewall. Use the Services screen (Section 12.5 on page 119) to to enable service blocking, enter/delete/modify the services you want to block and the date/time you want to block them. 12.3 What You Need to Know The following sections provide more information about the P-320W v3s firewalls. P-320W v3 Users Guide 117 Chapter 12 Firewall 12.3.1 About the P-320W v3 Firewall The P-320W v3 firewall is a stateful inspection firewall and is designed to protect against Denial of Service attacks when activated (click the General tab under Firewall and then click the Enable Firewall check box). The P-320W v3's purpose is to allow a private Local Area Network (LAN) to be securely connected to the Internet. The P-320W v3 can be used to prevent theft, destruction and modification of data, as well as log events, which may be important to the security of your network. The P-320W v3 is installed between the LAN and a broadband modem connecting to the Internet. This allows it to act as a secure gateway for all data passing between the Internet and the LAN. The P-320W v3 has one Ethernet WAN port and four Ethernet LAN ports, which are used to physically separate the network into two areas.The WAN (Wide Area Network) port attaches to the broadband (cable or DSL) modem to the Internet. The LAN (Local Area Network) port attaches to a network of computers, which needs security from the outside world. These computers will have access to Internet services such as e-mail, FTP and the World Wide Web. However, "inbound access" is not allowed (by default) unless the remote host is authorized to use a specific service. 12.3.1.1 Stateful Inspection Firewall Stateful inspection firewalls restrict access by screening data packets against defined access rules. They make access control decisions based on IP address and protocol. They also "inspect" the session data to assure the integrity of the connection and to adapt to dynamic protocols. These firewalls generally provide the best speed and transparency; however, they may lack the granular application level access control or caching that some proxies support. Firewalls, of one type or another, have become an integral part of standard security solutions for enterprises. 12.3.2 Security Parameter Index (SPI) An SPI is used to distinguish different SAs terminating at the same destination and using the same IPSec protocol. This data allows for the multiplexing of SAs to a single gateway. The SPI (Security Parameter Index) along with a destination IP address uniquely identify a particular Security Association (SA). The SPI is transmitted from the remote VPN gateway to the local VPN gateway. The local VPN gateway then uses the network, encryption and key values that the administrator associated with the SPI to establish the tunnel. Current ZyXEL implementation assumes identical outgoing and incoming SPIs. 118 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 12 Firewall 12.4 General Firewall Screen Use this screen to enable or disable the P-320W v3s firewall. Click Security > Firewall to open the General screen. Figure 74 Security > Firewall > General l The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 49 Security > Firewall > General LABEL Enable SPI mode Enable Firewall DESCRIPTION Check this to enable SPI. The inspects incoming packets and determines whether the destination and source port is in the session table or not. Select this check box to activate the firewall. The P-320W v3 performs access control and protects against Denial of Service (DoS) attacks when the firewall is activated. Click Apply to save the settings. Click Reset to start configuring this screen again. Apply Reset 12.5 Services Screen Use this screen to enable service blocking, enter/delete/modify the services you want to block and the date/time you want to block them. P-320W v3 Users Guide 119 Chapter 12 Firewall Click Security > Firewall > Services. The screen appears as shown next. Figure 75 Security > Firewall > Services The following table describes the labels in this screen. DESCRIPTION Table 50 Security > Firewall > Services LABEL Service Setup Enable Services Blocking Available Services Select this check box to enable this feature. This is a list of pre-defined services (ports) you may prohibit your LAN computers from using. Please see Section 9.3.1 on page 111 for more information on services available. Blocked Services Custom Port Type Port Number Add Select the port you want to block using the drop-down list and click Add to add the port to the Blocked Services field. This is a list of services (ports) that will be inaccessible to computers on your LAN once you enable service blocking. Choose the IP port (TCP, UDP or TCP/UDP) that defines your customized port from the drop down list box. A custom port is a service that is not available in the pre-defined Available Services list and you must define using the next two fields. Services are either TCP and/or UDP. Select from either TCP or UDP. Enter the port number range that defines the service. For example, suppose you want to define the Gnutella service. Select TCP type and enter a port range from 6345-6349. Select a service from the Available Services drop-down list and then click Add to add a service to the Blocked Services. 120 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 12 Firewall Table 50 Security > Firewall > Services LABEL Delete DESCRIPTION Select a service from the Blocked Services list and then click Delete to remove this service from the list. Click Clear to empty the Blocked Services. Clear Schedule to Block Day to Block Time of Day to Block (24-Hour Format) Apply Reset Select a check box to configure which days of the week (or everyday) you want the content filtering to be active. Select the time of day you want service blocking to take effect. Configure blocking to take effect all day by selecting the All Day check box. You can also configure specific times that by entering the start time in the Start (hr) and Start (min) fields and the end time in the End

(hr) and End (min) fields. Enter times in 24-hour format, for example,

"3:00pm" should be entered as "15:00". Click Apply to save the settings. Click Reset to start configuring this screen again. 12.6 Technical Reference This section provides some technical information about the topics covered in this chapter. 12.6.1 Guidelines For Enhancing Security With Your Firewall 1 Change the default password via web configurator. 2 3 Think about access control before you connect to the network in any way, including attaching a modem to the port. Limit who can access your router. 4 Don't enable any local service (such as SNMP or NTP) that you don't use. Any enabled service could present a potential security risk. A determined hacker might be able to find creative ways to misuse the enabled services to access the firewall or the network. 5 6 For local services that are enabled, protect against misuse. Protect by configuring the services to communicate only with specific peers, and protect by configuring rules to block packets for the services at specific interfaces. Protect against IP spoofing by making sure the firewall is active. Keep the firewall in a secured (locked) room. P-320W v3 Users Guide 121 Chapter 12 Firewall 12.6.2 Services The commonly used services and port numbers are shown in the following table. Please refer to RFC 1700 for further information about port numbers. Next to the name of the service, two fields appear in brackets. The first field indicates the IP protocol type (TCP, UDP, or ICMP). The second field indicates the IP port number that defines the service. (Note that there may be more than one IP protocol type. For example, look at the DNS service. (UDP/TCP:53) means UDP port 53 and TCP port 53.. Table 51 Services SERVICE AIM/NEW_ICQ(TCP:5190) AOLs Internet Messenger service, used as a listening port by DESCRIPTION ICQ. Authentication protocol used by some servers. Border Gateway Protocol. AUTH(TCP:113) BGP(TCP:179) BOOTP_CLIENT(UDP:68) DHCP Client. BOOTP_SERVER(UDP:67) DHCP Server. CU-SEEME(TCP/

UDP:7648, 24032) DNS(UDP/TCP:53) A popular videoconferencing solution from White Pines Software. Domain Name Server, a service that matches web names

(e.g. www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers. Finger is a UNIX or Internet related command that can be used to find out if a user is logged on. File Transfer Program, a program to enable fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be possible by e-mail. Net Meeting uses this protocol. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/server protocol for the world wide web. HTTPS is a secured http session often used in e-commerce. This is a popular Internet chat program. The IPSEC AH (Authentication Header) tunneling protocol uses this service. The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation Security Protocol) tunneling protocol uses this service. This is another popular Internet chat program. Microsoft Networks messenger service uses this protocol. Internet Group Multicast Protocol is used when sending packets to a specific group of hosts. A protocol for news groups. Network File System - NFS is a client/server distributed file service that provides transparent file-sharing for network environments. Network News Transport Protocol is the delivery mechanism for the USENET newsgroup service. FINGER(TCP:79) FTP(TCP:20.21) H.323(TCP:1720) HTTP(TCP:80) HTTPS ICQ(UDP:4000) IPSEC_TRANSPORT/

TUNNEL(AH:0) IPSEC_TUNNEL(ESP:0) IRC(TCP/UDP:6667) MSN Messenger(TCP:1863) MULTICAST(IGMP:0) NEWS(TCP:144) NFS(UDP:2049) NNTP(TCP:119) 122 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table 51 Services (continued) SERVICE PING(ICMP:0) RCMD(TCP:512) REAL_AUDIO(TCP:7070) A streaming audio service that enables real time sound over Chapter 12 Firewall DESCRIPTION Packet INternet Groper is a protocol that sends out ICMP echo requests to test whether or not a remote host is reachable. Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a client computer get e-mail from a POP3 server through a temporary connection (TCP/IP or other). Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol enables secure transfer of data over public networks. This is the control channel. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol enables secure transfer of data over public networks. This is the data channel. Remote Command Service. the web. Remote Execution Daemon. Remote Login. Remote Telnet. The Real Time Streaming (media control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet. Simple File Transfer Protocol. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the message-exchange standard for the Internet. SMTP enables you to move messages from one e-mail server to another. Simple Network Management Program. Traps for use with the SNMP (RFC:1215). Structured Query Language is an interface to access data on many different types of database systems, including mainframes, midrange systems, UNIX systems and network servers. Simole Service Discovery Protocol (SSDP) is a discovery service searching for Universal Plug and Play devices on your home network or upstream Internet gateways using DUDP port 1900. Secure Shell Remote Login Program. Syslog allows you to send system logs to a UNIX server. Login Host Protocol used for (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System). Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to allow users to log into remote host systems. Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP (Transmission Control Protocol). Another videoconferencing solution. POP3(TCP:110) PPTP(TCP:1723) PPTP_TUNNEL(GRE:0) REXEC(TCP:514) RLOGIN(TCP:513) RTELNET(TCP:107) RTSP(TCP/UDP:554) SFTP(TCP:115) SMTP(TCP:25) SNMP(TCP/UDP:161) SNMP-TRAPS (TCP/

UDP:162) SQL-NET(TCP:1521) SSDP(UDP:1900) TELNET(TCP:23) TFTP(UDP:69) VDOLIVE(TCP:7000) SSH(TCP/UDP:22) STRMWORKS(UDP:1558) Stream Works Protocol. SYSLOG(UDP:514) TACACS(UDP:49) P-320W v3 Users Guide 123 Chapter 12 Firewall 124 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 13 Content Filtering 13.1 Overview This chapter provides a brief overview of content filtering using the embedded web GUI. Internet content filtering allows you to create and enforce Internet access policies tailored to your needs. Content filtering is the ability to block certain web features or specific URL keywords. The P-320W v3 can block web features such as ActiveX controls, Java applets, cookies and disable web proxies. 13.2 What You Can Do Use the Filter screen (Section 13.3 on page 125) to configure filter rules on your P-320W v3. 13.3 Filter Screen Use this screen to block web features such as ActiveX controls, Java applets, cookies and disable web proxies. You can create a list of keywords to block so that web pages containing these words cannot be viewed by users. P-320W v3 Users Guide 125 Chapter 13 Content Filtering Click Security > Content Filter to open the Filter screen. Figure 76 Security > Content Filter > Filter The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 52 Security > Content Filter > Filter LABEL Restrict Web Features ActiveX Java Cookies Web Proxy DESCRIPTION Select the box(es) to restrict a feature. When you download a page containing a restricted feature, that part of the web page will appear blank or grayed out. A tool for building dynamic and active Web pages and distributed object applications. When you visit an ActiveX Web site, ActiveX controls are downloaded to your browser, where they remain in case you visit the site again. A programming language and development environment for building downloadable Web components or Internet and intranet business applications of all kinds. Used by Web servers to track usage and provide service based on ID. A server that acts as an intermediary between a user and the Internet to provide security, administrative control, and caching service. When a proxy server is located on the WAN it is possible for LAN users to circumvent content filtering by pointing to this proxy server. Keyword Blocking Enable URL Keyword Blocking Keyword Keyword List The P-320W v3 can block Web sites with URLs that contain certain keywords in the domain name or IP address. For example, if the keyword "bad" was enabled, all sites containing this keyword in the domain name or IP address will be blocked, e.g., URL http://

www.website.com/bad.html would be blocked. Select this check box to enable this feature. Type a keyword in this field. You may use any character (up to 64 characters). Wildcards are not allowed. You can also enter a numerical IP address. This list displays the keywords already added. 126 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 13 Content Filtering Table 52 Security > Content Filter > Filter LABEL Add DESCRIPTION Click Add after you have typed a keyword. Repeat this procedure to add other keywords. Up to 64 keywords are allowed. When you try to access a web page containing a keyword, you will get a message telling you that the content filter is blocking this request. Highlight a keyword in the lower box and click Delete to remove it. The keyword disappears from the text box after you click Apply. Click this button to remove all of the listed keywords. Click Apply to save your changes. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh Delete Clear Apply Reset 13.4 Technical Reference This section provides some technical information about the topics covered in this chapter. You can use commands to set how much of a websites URL the content filter is to check for keyword blocking. See the appendices for information on how to access and use the command interpreter. 13.4.1 Domain Name or IP Address URL Checking By default, the P-320W v3 checks the URLs domain name or IP address when performing keyword blocking. This means that the P-320W v3 checks the characters that come before the first slash in the URL. For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, content filtering only searches for keywords within www.zyxel.com.tw. 13.4.2 Full Path URL Checking Full path URL checking has the P-320W v3 check the characters that come before the last slash in the URL. For example, with the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php, full path URL checking searches for keywords within www.zyxel.com.tw/news/. P-320W v3 Users Guide 127 Chapter 13 Content Filtering Use the ip urlfilter customize actionFlags 6 [disable | enable]

command to extend (or not extend) the keyword blocking search to include the URL's full path. 13.4.3 File Name URL Checking Filename URL checking has the P-320W v3 check all of the characters in the URL. For example, filename URL checking searches for keywords within the URL www.zyxel.com.tw/news/pressroom.php. Use the ip urlfilter customize actionFlags 8 [disable | enable]

command to extend (or not extend) the keyword blocking search to include the URL's complete filename. 128 P-320W v3 Users Guide PART IV Management Static Route (131) Remote Management (135) Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) (141) 129 130 CHAPTER 14 Static Route 14.1 Overview This chapter shows you how to configure static routes for your P-320W v3. The P-320W v3 usually uses the default gateway to route outbound traffic from computers on the LAN to the Internet. To have the P-320W v3 send data to devices not reachable through the default gateway, use static routes. For example, the next figure shows a computer (A) connected to the P-320W v3s LAN interface. The P-320W v3 routes most traffic from A to the Internet through the P-320W v3s default gateway (R1). You create one static route to connect to services offered by your ISP behind router R2. You create another static route to communicate with a separate network behind a router R3 connected to the LAN. Figure 77 Example of Static Routing Topology A R3 LAN WAN Internet R1 R2 P-320W v3 Users Guide 131 Chapter 14 Static Route 14.2 What You Can Do Use the IP Static Route screen (Section 14.3 on page 132) to create and edit static routes on your P-320W v3. 14.3 IP Static Route Screen Click Management > Static Route to open the IP Static Route screen. The following screen displays. Figure 78 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 53 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route LABEL

#

DESCRIPTION This is the index number of an individual static route. The first entry is for the default route and not editable. This icon is turned on when this static route is active. Active Destination Gateway Modify Click the Edit icon under Modify and select the Active checkbox in the Static Route Setup screen to enable the static route. Clear the checkbox to disable this static route without having to delete the entry. This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always based on network number. This is the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your P-320W v3 that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same segment as your P-320W v3; over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the remote nodes. Click the Edit icon to open the static route setup screen. Modify a static route or create a new static route in the Static Route Setup screen. Click the Remove icon to delete a static route. 132 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 14 Static Route 14.3.1 Static Route Setup Screen To edit a static route, click the edit icon under Modify. The following screen displays. Fill in the required information for each static route. Figure 79 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route: Static Route Setup The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 54 Management > Static Route > IP Static Route: Static Route Setup LABEL Route Name DESCRIPTION Enter the name of the IP static route. Leave this field blank to delete this static route. This field allows you to activate/deactivate this static route. This parameter determines if the P-320W v3 will include this route to a remote node in its RIP broadcasts. Active Private Destination IP Address Metric Apply Cancel IP Subnet Mask Enter the IP subnet mask here. Gateway IP Address Select this check box to keep this route private and not included in RIP broadcasts. Clear this checkbox to propagate this route to other hosts through RIP broadcasts. This parameter specifies the IP network address of the final destination. Routing is always based on network number. If you need to specify a route to a single host, use a subnet mask of 255.255.255.255 in the subnet mask field to force the network number to be identical to the host ID. Enter the IP address of the gateway. The gateway is an immediate neighbor of your P-320W v3 that will forward the packet to the destination. On the LAN, the gateway must be a router on the same segment as your P-320W v3; over the WAN, the gateway must be the IP address of one of the Remote Nodes. Metric represents the cost of transmission for routing purposes. IP routing uses hop count as the measurement of cost, with a minimum of 1 for directly connected networks. Enter a number that approximates the cost for this link. The number need not be precise, but it must be between 1 and 15. In practice, 2 or 3 is usually a good number. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Cancel to return to the previous screen and not save your changes. P-320W v3 Users Guide 133 Chapter 14 Static Route 134 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 15 Remote Management 15.1 Overview This chapter provides information on the Remote Management screens. Remote management allows you to determine which services/protocols can access which P-320W v3 interface (if any) from which computers. You may manage your P-320W v3 from a remote location via:

LAN only Both WAN and LAN Figure 80 Remote Management Example LAN WAN Internet C A B In the figure above, the P-320W v3 (A) is being managed by a desktop computer

(B) connected via LAN (Land Area Network). It is also being accessed by a notebook (C) connected via WAN (Wide Area Network). You may only have one remote management session running at a time. P-320W v3 Users Guide 135 Chapter 15 Remote Management 15.2 What You Can Do Use the WWW screen (Section 15.4 on page 137) to change your P-320W v3s World Wide Web settings. Use the SNMP screen (Section 15.5 on page 138) to have a manager station administrate your P-320W v3 over the network. Use the Security screen (Section 15.6 on page 139) to configure how your P-

320W v3 responds to ping from WAN. 15.3 What You Need to Know The following sections provide helpful information needed to configure the screens in this chapter. 15.3.1 Remote Management Limitations Remote management over LAN or LAN and WAN will not work when:

1 2 3 4 You have disabled that service in one of the remote management screens. The IP address in the Secured Client IP Address field (Section 15.4 on page 137) does not match the client IP address. If it does not match, the P-320W v3 will disconnect the session immediately. There is already another remote management session with an equal or higher priority running. You may only have one remote management session running at one time. There is a firewall rule that blocks it. 15.3.2 Remote Management and NAT When NAT is enabled:

Use the P-320W v3s WAN IP address when configuring from the WAN. Use the P-320W v3s LAN IP address when configuring from the LAN. 15.3.3 System Timeout There is a default system management idle timeout of five minutes (three hundred seconds). The P-320W v3 automatically logs you out if the management session remains idle for longer than this timeout period. The management session 136 P-320W v3 Users Guide does not time out when a statistics screen is polling. You can change the timeout period in the System screen. Chapter 15 Remote Management 15.4 WWW Screen To change your P-320W v3s World Wide Web settings, click Management >

Remote MGMT to display the WWW screen. Figure 81 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW The following table describes the labels in this screen Table 55 Management > Remote MGMT > WWW LABEL Server Port DESCRIPTION You may change the server port number for a service if needed, however you must use the same port number in order to use that service for remote management. Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the P-

320W v3 using this service. A secured client is a trusted computer that is allowed to communicate with the P-320W v3 using this service. Select All to allow any computer to access the P-320W v3 using this service. Choose Selected to just allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the P-320W v3 using this service. Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. Server Access Secured Client IP Address Apply Reset P-320W v3 Users Guide 137 Chapter 15 Remote Management 15.5 The SNMP Screen Use this screen to have a manager station administrate your P-320W v3 over the network. To change your P-320W v3s SNMP settings, click Management >

Remote MGMT > SNMP. The following screen displays. Figure 82 Management > Remote MGMT > SNMP The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 56 Remote MGNT > Remote MGMT > SNMP LABEL SNMP Configuration Get Community DESCRIPTION Enter the Get Community, which is the password for the incoming Get and GetNext requests from the management station. The default is public and allows all requests. Enter the Set community, which is the password for incoming Set requests from the management station. The default is public and allows all requests. Select the interface(s) through which a computer may access the P-

320W v3 using this service. A secured client is a trusted computer that is allowed to communicate with the P-320W v3 using this service. Select All to allow any computer to access the P-320W v3 using this service. Choose Selected to just allow the computer with the IP address that you specify to access the P-320W v3 using this service. Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. Set Community SNMP Service Access Secured Client IP Address Apply Reset 138 P-320W v3 Users Guide 15.6 Security Screen Chapter 15 Remote Management Internet Control Message Protocol is a message control and error-reporting protocol between a host server and a gateway to the Internet. ICMP uses Internet Protocol (IP) datagrams, but the messages are processed by the TCP/IP software and directly apparent to the application user. To configure how your P-320W v3 responds to ping from WAN, click Management

> Remote MGMT to display the Security screen. Figure 83 Management > Remote MGMT > Security The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 57 Management > Remote MGMT > Security LABEL Do not respond to ping from WAN Apply Reset DESCRIPTION Check this if you do not want the P-320W v3 respond to any incoming WAN Ping requests. Click Apply to save your customized settings and exit this screen. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. P-320W v3 Users Guide 139 Chapter 15 Remote Management 140 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 16.1 Overview This chapter introduces the UPnP feature in the web configurator. Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) is a distributed, open networking standard that uses TCP/IP for simple peer-to-peer network connectivity between devices. A UPnP device can dynamically join a network, obtain an IP address, convey its capabilities and learn about other devices on the network. In turn, a device can leave a network smoothly and automatically when it is no longer in use. See Section 16.4 on page 143 for configuration instructions. 16.2 What You Can Do Use the General screen (Section 16.4 on page 143) to activate UPnP. 16.3 What You Need to Know The following sections provide information that can help you configure the UPnP screen. 16.3.1 How do I know if I'm using UPnP?

UPnP hardware is identified as an icon in the Network Connections folder

(Windows XP). Each UPnP compatible device installed on your network will appear as a separate icon. Selecting the icon of a UPnP device will allow you to access the information and properties of that device. P-320W v3 Users Guide 141 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 16.3.2 NAT Traversal UPnP NAT traversal automates the process of allowing an application to operate through NAT. UPnP network devices can automatically configure network addressing, announce their presence in the network to other UPnP devices and enable exchange of simple product and service descriptions. NAT traversal allows the following:

Dynamic port mapping Learning public IP addresses Assigning lease times to mappings Windows Messenger is an example of an application that supports NAT traversal and UPnP. See the NAT chapter for more information on NAT. 16.3.3 Cautions with UPnP The automated nature of NAT traversal applications in establishing their own services and opening firewall ports may present network security issues. Network information and configuration may also be obtained and modified by users in some network environments. When a UPnP device joins a network, it announces its presence with a multicast message. For security reasons, the P-320W v3 allows multicast messages on the LAN only. All UPnP-enabled devices may communicate freely with each other without additional configuration. Disable UPnP if this is not your intention. 16.3.4 UPnP and ZyXEL ZyXEL has achieved UPnP certification from the Universal Plug and Play Forum UPnP Implementers Corp. (UIC). ZyXEL's UPnP implementation supports Internet Gateway Device (IGD) 1.0. See the following sections for examples of installing and using UPnP. 142 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 16.4 UPnP Screen Use this screen to activate UPnP. Click the Management > UPnP to display the UPnP screen. Figure 84 Management > UPnP > General The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 58 Management > UPnP > General LABEL Enable the Universal Plug and Play (UPnP) Feature DESCRIPTION Select this check box to activate UPnP. Be aware that anyone could use a UPnP application to open the web configurator's login screen without entering the P-320W v3's IP address

(although you must still enter the password to access the web configurator). Click Apply to save the setting to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to return to the previously saved settings. Apply Reset 16.5 Technical Reference This section provides some technical information about the topics covered in this chapter. 16.5.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Example This section shows how to install UPnP in Windows Me and Windows XP. 16.5.1.1 Installing UPnP in Windows Me Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows Me. 1 Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Add/Remove Programs. P-320W v3 Users Guide 143 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 2 Click on the Windows Setup tab and select Communication in the Components selection box. Click Details. Figure 85 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication 3 In the Communications window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box in the Components selection box. Figure 86 Add/Remove Programs: Windows Setup: Communication: Components 144 P-320W v3 Users Guide 4 Click OK to go back to the Add/Remove Programs Properties window and click Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) Next. 5 Restart the computer when prompted. Installing UPnP in Windows XP Follow the steps below to install the UPnP in Windows XP. 1 Click Start and Control Panel. 2 Double-click Network Connections. 3 In the Network Connections window, click Advanced in the main menu and select Optional Networking Components . Figure 87 Network Connections P-320W v3 Users Guide 145 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 4 The Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard window displays. Select Networking Service in the Components selection box and click Details. Figure 88 Windows Optional Networking Components Wizard 146 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 5 In the Networking Services window, select the Universal Plug and Play check box. Figure 89 Networking Services 6 Click OK to go back to the Windows Optional Networking Component Wizard window and click Next. 16.5.1.2 Using UPnP in Windows XP Example This section shows you how to use the UPnP feature in Windows XP. You must already have UPnP installed in Windows XP and UPnP activated on the P-320W v3. Make sure the computer is connected to a LAN port of the P-320W v3. Turn on your computer and the P-320W v3. Auto-discover Your UPnP-enabled Network Device 1 Click Start and Control Panel. Double-click Network Connections. An icon displays under Internet Gateway. P-320W v3 Users Guide 147 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 2 Right-click the icon and select Properties. Figure 90 Network Connections 148 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 3 In the Internet Connection Properties window, click Settings to see the port mappings there were automatically created. Figure 91 Internet Connection Properties P-320W v3 Users Guide 149 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 4 You may edit or delete the port mappings or click Add to manually add port mappings. Figure 92 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings Figure 93 Internet Connection Properties: Advanced Settings: Add 5 When the UPnP-enabled device is disconnected from your computer, all port mappings will be deleted automatically. 150 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 6 Select Show icon in notification area when connected option and click OK. An icon displays in the system tray. Figure 94 System Tray Icon 7 Double-click on the icon to display your current Internet connection status. Figure 95 Internet Connection Status Web Configurator Easy Access With UPnP, you can access the web-based configurator on the P-320W v3 without finding out the IP address of the P-320W v3 first. This comes helpful if you do not know the IP address of the P-320W v3. Follow the steps below to access the web configurator. 1 Click Start and then Control Panel. 2 Double-click Network Connections. P-320W v3 Users Guide 151 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 3 Select My Network Places under Other Places. Figure 96 Network Connections 4 An icon with the description for each UPnP-enabled device displays under Local Network. 152 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 5 Right-click on the icon for your P-320W v3 and select Invoke. The web configurator login screen displays. Figure 97 Network Connections: My Network Places 6 Right-click on the icon for your P-320W v3 and select Properties. A properties window displays with basic information about the P-320W v3. Figure 98 Network Connections: My Network Places: Properties: Example P-320W v3 Users Guide 153 Chapter 16 Universal Plug-and-Play (UPnP) 154 P-320W v3 Users Guide PART V Maintenance and Troubleshooting System (157) Logs (163) Product Specifications (193) 155 156 CHAPTER 17 System 17.1 Overview This chapter provides information on the System screens. See the chapter about wizard setup for more information on the next few screens. 17.2 What You Can Do Use the General screen (Section 17.4 on page 158) to identify the P-320W v3 in an Ethernet network. Use the Dynamic DNS screen (Section 17.5 on page 160) to change your P-

320W v3s DDNS settings Use the Time Setting screen (Section 17.6 on page 161) to change your P-

320W v3s time and date. 17.3 What You Need to Know The following sections provide information that can be helpful in configuring the screens in this chapter. 17.3.1 Dynamic DNS Introduction Dynamic DNS allows you to update your current dynamic IP address with one or many dynamic DNS services so that anyone can contact you (in NetMeeting, CU-

SeeMe, etc.). You can also access your FTP server or Web site on your own computer using a domain name (for instance myhost.dhs.org, where myhost is a name of your choice) that will never change instead of using an IP address that changes each time you reconnect. Your friends or relatives will always be able to call you even if they don't know your IP address. First of all, you need to have registered a dynamic DNS account with www.dyndns.org. This is for people with a dynamic IP from their ISP or DHCP P-320W v3 Users Guide 157 Chapter 17 System server that would still like to have a domain name. The Dynamic DNS service provider will give you a password or key. 17.3.2 DynDNS Wildcard Enabling the wildcard feature for your host causes *.yourhost.dyndns.org to be aliased to the same IP address as yourhost.dyndns.org. This feature is useful if you want to be able to use, for example, www.yourhost.dyndns.org and still reach your hostname. If you have a private WAN IP address, then you cannot use Dynamic DNS. 17.4 System General Screen Use this screen to identify the P-320W v3 in an Ethernet network. Click Maintenance > System. The following screen displays. Figure 99 Maintenance > System > General 158 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 17 System The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 59 Maintenance > System > General LABEL System Name DESCRIPTION System Name is a unique name to identify the P-320W v3 in an Ethernet network. It is recommended you enter your computers Computer name in this field (see the chapter about wizard setup for how to find your computers name). Domain Name Administrator Inactivity Timer This name can be up to 30 alphanumeric characters long. Spaces are not allowed, but dashes - and underscores "_" are accepted. Enter the domain name (if you know it) here. If you leave this field blank, the ISP may assign a domain name via DHCP. The domain name entered by you is given priority over the ISP assigned domain name. Type how many minutes a management session can be left idle before the session times out. The default is 5 minutes. After it times out you have to log in with your password again. Very long idle timeouts may have security risks. A value of "0" means a management session never times out, no matter how long it has been left idle (not recommended). Administrator Password Setup Change the administrators password using the fields as shown. Old Password Type the default password or the existing password you use to access the system in this field. Type your new system password (up to 30 characters). Note that as you type a password, the screen displays an asterisk (*) for each character you type. Type the new password again in this field. New Password Retype to Confirm User Password Setup Change the user password using the fields as shown. New Password Type your new system password (up to 30 characters). Note that as you type a password, the screen displays an asterisk (*) for each character you type. Type the new password again in this field. Retype to Confirm Apply Reset Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. P-320W v3 Users Guide 159 Chapter 17 System 17.5 Dynamic DNS Screen To change your P-320W v3s DDNS settings, click Network > DDNS. The screen appears as shown. Figure 100 Dynamic DNS The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 60 Dynamic DNS LABEL Enable Dynamic DNS Service Provider Host Name User Name Password Enable Wildcard Option Apply Reset DESCRIPTION Select this check box to use dynamic DNS. Select the name of your Dynamic DNS service provider. Enter a host names in the field provided. You can specify up to two host names in the field separated by a comma (","). Enter your user name. Enter the password assigned to you. Select the check box to enable DynDNS Wildcard. Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 160 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 17 System 17.6 Time Setting Screen To change your P-320W v3s time and date, click Maintenance > System >

Time Setting. The screen appears as shown. Use this screen to configure the P-

320W v3s time based on your local time zone. Figure 101 Maintenance > System > Time Setting The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 61 Maintenance > System > Time Setting LABEL Current Time and Date Current Time DESCRIPTION This field displays the time of your P-320W v3. Current Date Each time you reload this page, the P-320W v3 synchronizes the time with the time server. This field displays the date of your P-320W v3. Each time you reload this page, the P-320W v3 synchronizes the date with the time server. Time and Date Setup Manual New Time

(hh:mm:ss) Select this radio button to enter the time and date manually. If you configure a new time and date, Time Zone and Daylight Saving at the same time, the new time and date you entered has priority and the Time Zone and Daylight Saving settings do not affect it. This field displays the last updated time from the time server or the last time configured manually. When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new time in this field and then click Apply. P-320W v3 Users Guide 161 Chapter 17 System Table 61 Maintenance > System > Time Setting LABEL New Date DESCRIPTION This field displays the last updated date from the time server or the last date configured manually.

(yyyy/mm/dd) Get from Time Server Time Zone Setup Time Zone Daylight Savings Start Date End Date Apply Reset When you set Time and Date Setup to Manual, enter the new date in this field and then click Apply. Select this radio button to have the P-320W v3 get the time and date from the time server you specified below. Choose the time zone of your location. This will set the time difference between your time zone and Greenwich Mean Time (GMT). Daylight saving is a period from late spring to early fall when many countries set their clocks ahead of normal local time by one hour to give more daytime light in the evening. Select this option if you use Daylight Saving Time. Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time starts if you selected Daylight Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:

Daylight Saving Time starts in most parts of the United States on the first Sunday of April. Each time zone in the United States starts using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select First, Sunday, April and type 2 in the o'clock field. Daylight Saving Time starts in the European Union on the last Sunday of March. All of the time zones in the European Union start using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, March. The time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1). Configure the day and time when Daylight Saving Time ends if you selected Daylight Savings. The o'clock field uses the 24 hour format. Here are a couple of examples:

Daylight Saving Time ends in the United States on the last Sunday of October. Each time zone in the United States stops using Daylight Saving Time at 2 A.M. local time. So in the United States you would select Last, Sunday, October and type 2 in the o'clock field. Daylight Saving Time ends in the European Union on the last Sunday of October. All of the time zones in the European Union stop using Daylight Saving Time at the same moment (1 A.M. GMT or UTC). So in the European Union you would select Last, Sunday, October. The time you type in the o'clock field depends on your time zone. In Germany for instance, you would type 2 because Germany's time zone is one hour ahead of GMT or UTC (GMT+1). Click Apply to save your changes back to the P-320W v3. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. 162 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 18 Logs 18.1 Overview This chapter contains information about configuring general log settings and viewing the P-320W v3s logs. Refer to the appendices for example log message explanations. 18.2 What You Can Do Use the View Log screen (Section 18.4 on page 164) to look at all of the P-

320W v3s logs in one location. Use the Log Settings screen (Section 18.5 on page 165) to configure to where the P-320W v3 is to send logs and which logs and/or immediate alerts the P-

320W v3 to send. 18.3 What You Need to Know An alert is a type of log that warrants more serious attention. They include system errors, attacks (access control) and attempted access to blocked web sites or web sites with restricted web features such as cookies, active X and so on. Some categories such as System Errors consist of both logs and alerts. You may differentiate them by their color in the View Log screen (Section 18.4 on page 164). Alerts display in red and logs display in black. Alerts are e-mailed as soon as they happen. Logs may be e-mailed as soon as the log is full (see Log Schedule). Selecting many alert and/or log categories

(especially Access Control) may result in many e-mails being sent. P-320W v3 Users Guide 163 Chapter 18 Logs 18.4 View Log Screen Use the View Log screen to see the logs for the categories that you selected in the Log Settings screen (see Section 18.5 on page 165). Options include logs about system maintenance, system errors, access control, allowed or blocked web sites, blocked web features (such as ActiveX controls, Java and cookies), attacks

(such as DoS) and IPSec. Log entries in red indicate system error logs. The log wraps around and deletes the old entries after it fills. Click a column heading to sort the entries. A triangle indicates ascending or descending sort order. Click Maintenance > Logs to open the View Log screen. Figure 102 Maintenance > Logs > View Log The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 62 Maintenance > Logs > View Log LABEL Email Log Now DESCRIPTION Click Email Log Now to send the log screen to the e-mail address specified in the Log Settings page (make sure that you have first filled in the Address Info fields in Log Settings). Click Refresh to renew the log screen. Click Clear Log to delete all the logs. Number of an individual log. This field displays the time the log was recorded. See the chapter on system maintenance and information to configure the P-320W v3s time and date. This field states the reason for the log. Refresh Clear logs

#

Time Message 164 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 18 Logs 18.5 Log Settings Screen Use this screen to configure to where the P-320W v3 is to send logs and which logs and/or immediate alerts the P-320W v3 to send. Click Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings to open the Log Settings screen. Figure 103 Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 63 Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings LABEL E-mail Log Settings Active Mail Server DESCRIPTION Click Active to enable the log feature. Enter the server name or the IP address of the mail server for the e-

mail addresses specified below. If this field is left blank, logs and alert messages will not be sent via E-mail. Type a title that you want to be in the subject line of the log e-mail message that the P-320W v3 sends. Not all P-320W v3 models have this field. Mail Subject P-320W v3 Users Guide 165 Chapter 18 Logs Table 63 Maintenance > Logs > Log Settings LABEL Send Log To DESCRIPTION The P-320W v3 sends logs to the e-mail address specified in this field. If this field is left blank, the P-320W v3 does not send logs via e-mail. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is the message-exchange standard for the Internet. SMTP enables you to move messages from one e-mail server to another. Select the check box to activate SMTP authentication. If mail server authentication is needed but this feature is disabled, you will not receive the e-mail logs. Enter the user name (up to 31 characters) (usually the user name of a mail account). Enter the password associated with the user name above. The P-320W v3 sends a log to an external syslog server. Click Active to enable syslog logging. Enter the server name or IP address of the syslog server that will log the selected categories of logs. Select a location from the drop down list box. The log facility allows you to log the messages to different files in the syslog server. Refer to the syslog server manual for more information. Select the categories of logs that you want to record. Select log categories for which you want the P-320W v3 to send E-

mail alerts immediately. Click Apply to save your changes. Click Reset to begin configuring this screen afresh. SMTP Authentication User Name Password Syslog Logging Active Syslog Server IP Address Log Facility Active Log and Alert Log Send Immediate Alert Apply Reset 18.6 Technical Reference This section provides some technical information about the topics covered in this chapter. 18.6.1 Log Descriptions This section provides descriptions of example log messages. Table 64 System Maintenance Logs LOG MESSAGE Time calibration is successful Time calibration failed DESCRIPTION The router has adjusted its time based on information from the time server. The router failed to get information from the time server. 166 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 18 Logs DHCP client IP expired DHCP server assigns%s Successful WEB login Table 64 System Maintenance Logs (continued) LOG MESSAGE DESCRIPTION WAN interface gets IP:%s A WAN interface got a new IP address from the DHCP, PPPoE, PPTP or dial-up server. A DHCP client's IP address has expired. The DHCP server assigned an IP address to a client. Someone has logged on to the router's web configurator interface. Someone has failed to log on to the router's web configurator interface. Someone has logged on to the router via telnet. Someone has failed to log on to the router via telnet. Someone has logged on to the router via ftp. Someone has failed to log on to the router via ftp. The maximum number of NAT session table entries has been exceeded and the table is full. Starting Connectivity Monitor. Successful TELNET login TELNET login failed Successful FTP login FTP login failed NAT Session Table is Full!

WEB login failed Starting Connectivity Monitor Time initialized by Daytime Server Time initialized by Time server Time initialized by NTP server Connect to Daytime server fail Connect to Time server fail Connect to NTP server fail Too large ICMP packet has been dropped Configuration Change: PC =

0x%x, Task ID = 0x%x Successful SSH login SSH login failed Successful HTTPS login HTTPS login failed The router got the time and date from the Daytime server. The router got the time and date from the time server. The router got the time and date from the NTP server. The router was not able to connect to the Daytime server. The router was not able to connect to the Time server. The router was not able to connect to the NTP server. The router dropped an ICMP packet that was too large. The router is saving configuration changes. Someone has logged on to the routers SSH server. Someone has failed to log on to the routers SSH server. Someone has logged on to the router's web configurator interface using HTTPS protocol. Someone has failed to log on to the router's web configurator interface using HTTPS protocol. P-320W v3 Users Guide 167 Chapter 18 Logs Table 65 System Error Logs LOG MESSAGE

%s exceeds the max. number of session per host!

setNetBIOSFilter: calloc error readNetBIOSFilter: calloc error WAN connection is down. DESCRIPTION This attempt to create a NAT session exceeds the maximum number of NAT session table entries allowed to be created per host. The router failed to allocate memory for the NetBIOS filter settings. The router failed to allocate memory for the NetBIOS filter settings. A WAN connection is down. You cannot access the network through this interface. Table 66 Access Control Logs LOG MESSAGE Firewall default policy: [TCP |

UDP | IGMP | ESP | GRE | OSPF]

<Packet Direction>

Firewall rule [NOT] match:[TCP |

UDP | IGMP | ESP | GRE | OSPF]

<Packet Direction>, <rule:%d>

Triangle route packet forwarded:

[TCP | UDP | IGMP | ESP | GRE |

OSPF]

Packet without a NAT table entry blocked: [TCP | UDP | IGMP | ESP

| GRE | OSPF]

Router sent blocked web site message: TCP DESCRIPTION Attempted TCP/UDP/IGMP/ESP/GRE/OSPF access matched the default policy and was blocked or forwarded according to the default policys setting. Attempted TCP/UDP/IGMP/ESP/GRE/OSPF access matched (or did not match) a configured firewall rule (denoted by its number) and was blocked or forwarded according to the rule. The firewall allowed a triangle route session to pass through. The router blocked a packet that didn't have a corresponding NAT table entry. The router sent a message to notify a user that the router blocked access to a web site that the user requested. Table 67 TCP Reset Logs LOG MESSAGE Under SYN flood attack, sent TCP RST Exceed TCP MAX incomplete, sent TCP RST DESCRIPTION The router sent a TCP reset packet when a host was under a SYN flood attack (the TCP incomplete count is per destination host.) The router sent a TCP reset packet when the number of TCP incomplete connections exceeded the user configured threshold. (the TCP incomplete count is per destination host.) Note: Refer to TCP Maximum Incomplete in the Firewall Attack Alerts screen. 168 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table 67 TCP Reset Logs (continued) LOG MESSAGE Peer TCP state out of order, sent TCP RST Chapter 18 Logs DESCRIPTION The router sent a TCP reset packet when a TCP connection state was out of order.Note: The firewall refers to RFC793 Figure 6 to check the TCP state. The router sent a TCP reset packet when a dynamic firewall session timed out. The default timeout values are as follows:

ICMP idle timeout: 3 minutes UDP idle timeout: 3 minutes TCP connection (three way handshaking) timeout: 270 seconds TCP FIN-wait timeout: 2 MSL (Maximum Segment Lifetime set in the TCP header). TCP idle (established) timeout (s): 150 minutes TCP reset timeout: 10 seconds The router sent a TCP reset packet when the number of incomplete connections (TCP and UDP) exceeded the user-configured threshold. (Incomplete count is for all TCP and UDP connections through the firewall.)Note:

When the number of incomplete connections (TCP + UDP)

> Maximum Incomplete High, the router sends TCP RST packets for TCP connections and destroys TOS (firewall dynamic sessions) until incomplete connections <

Maximum Incomplete Low. The router sends a TCP RST packet and generates this log if you turn on the firewall TCP reset mechanism (via CI command: "sys firewall tcprst"). Firewall session time out, sent TCP RST Exceed MAX incomplete, sent TCP RST Access block, sent TCP RST Table 68 Packet Filter Logs LOG MESSAGE

[TCP | UDP | ICMP | IGMP |

Generic] packet filter matched (set:%d, rule:%d) DESCRIPTION Attempted access matched a configured filter rule

(denoted by its set and rule number) and was blocked or forwarded according to the rule. P-320W v3 Users Guide 169 Chapter 18 Logs Table 69 ICMP Logs LOG MESSAGE Firewall default policy: ICMP

<Packet Direction>, <type:%d>,

<code:%d>

Firewall rule [NOT] match: ICMP

<Packet Direction>, <rule:%d>,

<type:%d>, <code:%d>

Triangle route packet forwarded:

ICMP Packet without a NAT table entry blocked: ICMP Unsupported/out-of-order ICMP:

ICMP Router reply ICMP packet: ICMP DESCRIPTION ICMP access matched the default policy and was blocked or forwarded according to the user's setting. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. ICMP access matched (or didnt match) a firewall rule (denoted by its number) and was blocked or forwarded according to the rule. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall allowed a triangle route session to pass through. The router blocked a packet that didnt have a corresponding NAT table entry. The firewall does not support this kind of ICMP packets or the ICMP packets are out of order. The router sent an ICMP reply packet to the sender. Table 70 CDR Logs LOG MESSAGE board%d line%d channel%d, call%d,%s C01 Outgoing Call dev=%x ch=%x%s board%d line%d channel%d, call%d,%s C02 OutCall Connected%d%s board%d line%d channel%d, call%d,%s C02 Call Terminated DESCRIPTION The router received the setup requirements for a call. call is the reference (count) number of the call. dev is the device type (3 is for dial-up, 6 is for PPPoE, 10 is for PPTP). "channel" or ch is the call channel ID.For example,"board 0 line 0 channel 0, call 3, C01 Outgoing Call dev=6 ch=0 "Means the router has dialed to the PPPoE server 3 times. The PPPoE, PPTP or dial-up call is connected. The PPPoE, PPTP or dial-up call was disconnected. Table 71 PPP Logs LOG MESSAGE ppp:LCP Starting ppp:LCP Opening ppp:CHAP Opening ppp:IPCP Starting DESCRIPTION The PPP connections Link Control Protocol stage has started. The PPP connections Link Control Protocol stage is opening. The PPP connections Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol stage is opening. The PPP connections Internet Protocol Control Protocol stage is starting. 170 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 18 Logs Table 71 PPP Logs (continued) LOG MESSAGE ppp:IPCP Opening ppp:LCP Closing ppp:IPCP Closing DESCRIPTION The PPP connections Internet Protocol Control Protocol stage is opening. The PPP connections Link Control Protocol stage is closing. The PPP connections Internet Protocol Control Protocol stage is closing. Table 72 UPnP Logs LOG MESSAGE UPnP pass through Firewall DESCRIPTION UPnP packets can pass through the firewall. Table 73 Content Filtering Logs LOG MESSAGE

%s: Keyword blocking DESCRIPTION The content of a requested web page matched a user defined keyword. The web site is not in a trusted domain, and the router blocks all traffic except trusted domain sites.

%s: Not in trusted web list

%s: Forbidden Web site The web site is in the forbidden web site list.

%s: Contains ActiveX

%s: Contains Java applet

%s: Contains cookie

%s: Proxy mode detected

%s The web site contains ActiveX. The web site contains a Java applet. The web site contains a cookie. The router detected proxy mode in the packet.

%s:%s

%s(cache hit)

%s:%s(cache hit)

%s: Trusted Web site

%s Waiting content filter server timeout DNS resolving failed The content filter server responded that the web site is in the blocked category list, but it did not return the category type. The content filter server responded that the web site is in the blocked category list, and returned the category type. The system detected that the web site is in the blocked list from the local cache, but does not know the category type. The system detected that the web site is in blocked list from the local cache, and knows the category type. The web site is in a trusted domain. When the content filter is not on according to the time schedule or you didn't select the "Block Matched Web Site check box, the system forwards the web content. The external content filtering server did not respond within the timeout period. The P-320W v3 cannot get the IP address of the external content filtering via DNS query. Creating socket failed The P-320W v3 cannot issue a query because TCP/IP socket creation failed, port:port number. P-320W v3 Users Guide 171 Chapter 18 Logs Table 73 Content Filtering Logs (continued) LOG MESSAGE Connecting to content filter server fail License key is invalid The external content filtering license key is invalid. DESCRIPTION The connection to the external content filtering server failed. Table 74 Attack Logs LOG MESSAGE attack [TCP | UDP | IGMP

| ESP | GRE | OSPF]

attack ICMP (type:%d, code:%d) land [TCP | UDP | IGMP |

ESP | GRE | OSPF]

land ICMP (type:%d, code:%d) ip spoofing - WAN [TCP |

UDP | IGMP | ESP | GRE |

OSPF]

ip spoofing - WAN ICMP

(type:%d, code:%d) icmp echo: ICMP (type:%d, code:%d) syn flood TCP ports scan TCP teardrop TCP teardrop UDP teardrop ICMP (type:%d, code:%d) illegal command TCP NetBIOS TCP ip spoofing - no routing entry [TCP | UDP | IGMP |

ESP | GRE | OSPF]

ip spoofing - no routing entry ICMP (type:%d, code:%d) vulnerability ICMP

(type:%d, code:%d) traceroute ICMP (type:%d, code:%d) DESCRIPTION The firewall detected a TCP/UDP/IGMP/ESP/GRE/OSPF attack. The firewall detected an ICMP attack. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall detected a TCP/UDP/IGMP/ESP/GRE/OSPF land attack. The firewall detected an ICMP land attack. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall detected an IP spoofing attack on the WAN port. The firewall detected an ICMP IP spoofing attack on the WAN port. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall detected an ICMP echo attack. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall detected a TCP syn flood attack. The firewall detected a TCP port scan attack. The firewall detected a TCP teardrop attack. The firewall detected an UDP teardrop attack. The firewall detected an ICMP teardrop attack. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall detected a TCP illegal command attack. The firewall detected a TCP NetBIOS attack. The firewall classified a packet with no source routing entry as an IP spoofing attack. The firewall classified an ICMP packet with no source routing entry as an IP spoofing attack. The firewall detected an ICMP vulnerability attack. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. The firewall detected an ICMP traceroute attack. For type and code details, see Table 78 on page 175. 172 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 18 Logs Table 75 PKI Logs LOG MESSAGE Enrollment successful Enrollment failed Failed to resolve

<SCEP CA server url>

Enrollment successful Enrollment failed Failed to resolve <CMP CA server url>

Rcvd ca cert: <subject name>

Rcvd user cert:

<subject name>

Rcvd CRL <size>:

<issuer name>

Rcvd ARL <size>:

<issuer name>

Failed to decode the received ca cert Failed to decode the received user cert Failed to decode the received CRL Failed to decode the received ARL Rcvd data <size> too large! Max size allowed: <max size>

DESCRIPTION The SCEP online certificate enrollment was successful. The Destination field records the certification authority server IP address and port. The SCEP online certificate enrollment failed. The Destination field records the certification authority servers IP address and port. The SCEP online certificate enrollment failed because the certification authority servers address cannot be resolved. The CMP online certificate enrollment was successful. The Destination field records the certification authority servers IP address and port. The CMP online certificate enrollment failed. The Destination field records the certification authority servers IP address and port. The CMP online certificate enrollment failed because the certification authority servers IP address cannot be resolved. The router received a certification authority certificate, with subject name as recorded, from the LDAP server whose IP address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received a user certificate, with subject name as recorded, from the LDAP server whose IP address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received a CRL (Certificate Revocation List), with size and issuer name as recorded, from the LDAP server whose IP address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received an ARL (Authority Revocation List), with size and issuer name as recorded, from the LDAP server whose address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received a corrupted certification authority certificate from the LDAP server whose address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received a corrupted user certificate from the LDAP server whose address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received a corrupted CRL (Certificate Revocation List) from the LDAP server whose address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received a corrupted ARL (Authority Revocation List) from the LDAP server whose address and port are recorded in the Source field. The router received directory data that was too large (the size is listed) from the LDAP server whose address and port are recorded in the Source field. The maximum size of directory data that the router allows is also recorded. P-320W v3 Users Guide 173 Chapter 18 Logs Table 75 PKI Logs (continued) LOG MESSAGE Cert trusted: <subject name>

Due to <reason codes>, cert not trusted:

<subject name>

DESCRIPTION The router has verified the path of the certificate with the listed subject name. Due to the reasons listed, the certificate with the listed subject name has not passed the path verification. The recorded reason codes are only approximate reasons for not trusting the certificate. Please see Table 78 on page 175 for the corresponding descriptions of the codes. Table 76 802.1X Logs LOG MESSAGE Local User Database accepts user. Local User Database reports user credential error. Local User Database does not find user`s credential. RADIUS accepts user. RADIUS rejects user. Pls check RADIUS Server. Local User Database does not support authentication method. User logout because of session timeout expired. User logout because of user deassociation. User logout because of no authentication response from user. User logout because of idle timeout expired. User logout because of user request. Local User Database does not support authentication method. DESCRIPTION A user was authenticated by the local user database. A user was not authenticated by the local user database because of an incorrect user password. A user was not authenticated by the local user database because the user is not listed in the local user database. A user was authenticated by the RADIUS Server. A user was not authenticated by the RADIUS Server. Please check the RADIUS Server. The local user database only supports the EAP-

MD5 method. A user tried to use another authentication method and was not authenticated. The router logged out a user whose session expired. The router logged out a user who ended the session. The router logged out a user from which there was no authentication response. The router logged out a user whose idle timeout period expired. A user logged out. No response from RADIUS. Pls check RADIUS Server. Use Local User Database to authenticate user. Use RADIUS to authenticate user. The RADIUS server is operating as the A user tried to use an authentication method that the local user database does not support (it only supports EAP-MD5). There is no response message from the RADIUS server, please check the RADIUS server. The local user database is operating as the authentication server. authentication server. 174 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 18 Logs Table 76 802.1X Logs (continued) LOG MESSAGE No Server to authenticate user. Local User Database does not find user`s credential. DESCRIPTION There is no authentication server to authenticate a user. A user was not authenticated by the local user database because the user is not listed in the local user database. Table 77 ACL Setting Notes PACKET DIRECTION

(L to W) DIRECTION LAN to WAN

(W to L) WAN to LAN

(L to L/P)

(W to W/P) LAN to LAN/P-

320W v3 WAN to WAN/P-

320W v3 DESCRIPTION ACL set for packets traveling from the LAN to the WAN. ACL set for packets traveling from the WAN to the LAN. ACL set for packets traveling from the LAN to the LAN or the P-320W v3. ACL set for packets traveling from the WAN to the WAN or the P-320W v3. Table 78 ICMP Notes TYPE 0 CODE DESCRIPTION Echo Reply Echo reply message Destination Unreachable Net unreachable Host unreachable Protocol unreachable Port unreachable A packet that needed fragmentation was dropped because it was set to Don't Fragment (DF) Source route failed Source Quench A gateway may discard internet datagrams if it does not have the buffer space needed to queue the datagrams for output to the next network on the route to the destination network. Redirect Redirect datagrams for the Network Redirect datagrams for the Host Redirect datagrams for the Type of Service and Network Redirect datagrams for the Type of Service and Host 3 4 5 0 0 1 2 3 4 5 0 0 1 2 3 P-320W v3 Users Guide 175 Chapter 18 Logs 0 12 11 0 1 CODE Table 78 ICMP Notes (continued) TYPE DESCRIPTION 8 Echo Echo message Time Exceeded Time to live exceeded in transit Fragment reassembly time exceeded Parameter Problem Pointer indicates the error Timestamp Timestamp request message Timestamp Reply Timestamp reply message Information Request Information request message Information Reply Information reply message 13 14 15 16 0 0 0 0 0 Table 79 Syslog Logs LOG MESSAGE

<Facility*8 + Severity>Mon dd hr:mm:ss hostname src="<srcIP:srcPort>"

dst="<dstIP:dstPort>"

msg="<msg>" note="<note>"

devID="<mac address last three numbers>" cat="<category>

DESCRIPTION

"This message is sent by the system ("RAS"

displays as the system name if you havent configured one) when the router generates a syslog. The facility is defined in the web MAIN MENU->LOGS->Log Settings page. The severity is the logs syslog class. The definition of messages and notes are defined in the various log charts throughout this appendix. The devID is the last three characters of the MAC address of the routers LAN port. The cat is the same as the category in the routers logs. The following table shows RFC-2408 ISAKMP payload types that the log displays. Please refer to the RFC for detailed information on each type. Table 80 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types LOG DISPLAY SA PROP TRANS KE ID CER PAYLOAD TYPE Security Association Proposal Transform Key Exchange Identification Certificate 176 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 18 Logs Table 80 RFC-2408 ISAKMP Payload Types (continued) LOG DISPLAY CER_REQ HASH SIG NONCE NOTFY DEL VID PAYLOAD TYPE Certificate Request Hash Signature Nonce Notification Delete Vendor ID P-320W v3 Users Guide 177 Chapter 18 Logs 178 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 19 Tools 19.1 Overview This chapter shows you how to upload a new firmware, upload or save backup configuration files and restart the P-320W v3. 19.2 What You Can Do Use the Firmware screen (Section 19.3 on page 179) to upload a new firmware to your P-320W v3. Use the Configuration screen (Section 19.4 on page 181) to backup or restore a configuration file to your P-320W v3. You can also reset the P-320W v3 to its factory default settings. Use the Restart screen (Section 19.5 on page 183) to reboot your P-320W v3. 19.3 Firmware Upload Screen Find firmware at www.zyxel.com in a file that (usually) uses the system model name with a *.bin extension, e.g., P-320W v3.bin. The upload process uses HTTP (Hypertext Transfer Protocol) and may take up to two minutes. After a successful upload, the system will reboot. See the Firmware and Configuration File Maintenance chapter for upgrading firmware using FTP/TFTP commands. P-320W v3 Users Guide 179 Chapter 19 Tools Click Maintenance > Tools. Follow the instructions in this screen to upload firmware to your P-320W v3. Figure 104 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 81 Maintenance > Tools > Firmware LABEL File Path DESCRIPTION Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it. Click Browse... to find the .bin file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.zip) files before you can upload them. Click Upload to begin the upload process. This process may take up to two minutes. Browse... Upgrade Note: Do not turn off the P-320W v3 while firmware upload is in progress!

Wait two minutes before logging into the P-320W v3 again. Figure 105 Upload Warning The P-320W v3 automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop. Figure 106 Network Temporarily Disconnected After two minutes, log in again and check your new firmware version in the Status screen. 180 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 19 Tools If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the Firmware screen. Figure 107 Upload Error Message 19.4 Configuration Screen Information related to factory defaults, backup configuration, and restoring configuration appears as shown next. Click Maintenance > Tools > Configuration. Figure 108 Maintenance > Tools > Configuration 19.4.1 Backup Configuration Backup configuration allows you to back up (save) the P-320W v3s current configuration to a file on your computer. Once your P-320W v3 is configured and functioning properly, it is highly recommended that you back up your configuration file before making configuration changes. The backup configuration file will be useful in case you need to return to your previous settings. Click Backup to save the P-320W v3s current configuration to your computer. P-320W v3 Users Guide 181 Chapter 19 Tools 19.4.2 Restore Configuration Restore configuration allows you to upload a new or previously saved configuration file from your computer to your P-320W v3. Table 82 Maintenance Restore Configuration LABEL File Path DESCRIPTION Type in the location of the file you want to upload in this field or click Browse... to find it. Click Browse... to find the file you want to upload. Remember that you must decompress compressed (.ZIP) files before you can upload them. Click Upload to begin the upload process. Browse... Upload Note: Do not turn off the P-320W v3 while configuration file upload is in progress After you see the following message in the screen, you must then wait one minute before logging into the P-320W v3 again. Figure 109 Configuration Restore Successful The P-320W v3 automatically restarts in this time causing a temporary network disconnect. In some operating systems, you may see the following icon on your desktop. Figure 110 Temporarily Disconnected If you uploaded the default configuration file you may need to change the IP address of your computer to be in the same subnet as that of the default P-320W v3 IP address (192.168.1.1). See Appendix C on page 217 for details on how to set up your computers IP address. 182 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 19 Tools If the upload was not successful, the following screen will appear. Click Return to go back to the Configuration screen. Figure 111 Configuration Restore Error 19.4.3 Back to Factory Defaults Pressing the Reset button in this section clears all user-entered configuration information and returns the P-320W v3 to its factory defaults. You can also press the RESET button on the rear panel to reset the factory defaults of your P-320W v3. Refer to the chapter about introducing the web configurator for more information on the RESET button. 19.5 Restart Screen System restart allows you to reboot the P-320W v3 without turning the power off. Click Maintenance > Tools > Restart. Click Restart to have the P-320W v3 reboot. This does not affect the P-320W v3's configuration. Figure 112 Maintenance > Tools > Restart P-320W v3 Users Guide 183 Chapter 19 Tools 184 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 20 Troubleshooting This chapter offers some suggestions to solve problems you might encounter. The potential problems are divided into the following categories. Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs P-320W v3 Access and Login Internet Access Resetting the P-320W v3 to Its Factory Defaults Wireless Router Troubleshooting Advanced Features 20.1 Power, Hardware Connections, and LEDs The P-320W v3 does not turn on. None of the LEDs turn on. 1 Make sure you are using the power adaptor or cord included with the P-320W v3. 2 Make sure the power adaptor or cord is connected to the P-320W v3 and plugged in to an appropriate power source. Make sure the power source is turned on. 3 Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the P-320W v3. 4 If the problem continues, contact the vendor. One of the LEDs does not behave as expected. 1 Make sure you understand the normal behavior of the LED. See Section 1.4 on page 23. P-320W v3 Users Guide 185 Chapter 20 Troubleshooting 2 Check the hardware connections. See the Quick Start Guide. 3 Inspect your cables for damage. Contact the vendor to replace any damaged cables. 4 Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor to the P-320W v3. 5 If the problem continues, contact the vendor. 20.2 P-320W v3 Access and Login I dont know the IP address of my P-320W v3. 1 2 3 The default IP address is 192.168.1.1. If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, you might get the IP address of the P-320W v3 by looking up the IP address of the default gateway for your computer. To do this in most Windows computers, click Start > Run, enter cmd, and then enter ipconfig. The IP address of the Default Gateway might be the IP address of the P-320W v3 (it depends on the network), so enter this IP address in your Internet browser. Login (see the Quick Start Guide for instructions) and go to the Device Information table in the Status screen. Your P-320W v3s IP address is available in the Device Information table. If the DHCP setting under LAN information is Enabled. The P-320W v3 is a DHCP server on LAN. If your P-320W v3 is a DHCP client, you can find your IP address from the DHCP server. This information is only available from the DHCP server which allocates IP addresses on your network. Find this information directly from the DHCP server or contact your system administrator for more information. 4 Reset your P-320W v3 to change all settings back to their default. This means your current settings are lost. See Section 20.4 on page 189 in the Troubleshooting for information on resetting your P-320W v3. I forgot the password. 1 The default password is 1234. 186 P-320W v3 Users Guide 2 If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 20.4 on page 189. Chapter 20 Troubleshooting I cannot see or access the Login screen in the web configurator. 1 Make sure you are using the correct IP address. The default IP address is 192.168.1.1. If you changed the IP address (Section 7.3 on page 102), use the new IP address. If you changed the IP address and have forgotten it, see the troubleshooting suggestions for I dont know the IP address of my P-320W v3. 2 Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide. 3 Make sure your Internet browser does not block pop-up windows and has JavaScripts and Java enabled. See Appendix A on page 199. 4 Make sure your computer is in the same subnet as the P-320W v3. (If you know that there are routers between your computer and the P-320W v3, skip this step.) If there is a DHCP server on your network, make sure your computer is using a dynamic IP address. See Section 7.3 on page 102. If there is no DHCP server on your network, make sure your computers IP address is in the same subnet as the P-320W v3. See Section 7.3 on page 102. 5 Reset the device to its factory defaults, and try to access the P-320W v3 with the default IP address. See Section 7.3 on page 102. 6 If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced suggestions. Advanced Suggestions Try to access the P-320W v3 using another service, such as Telnet. If you can access the P-320W v3, check the remote management settings and firewall rules to find out why the P-320W v3 does not respond to HTTP. If your computer is connected to the WAN port or is connected wirelessly, use a computer that is connected to a LAN/ETHERNET port. I can see the Login screen, but I cannot log in to the P-320W v3. P-320W v3 Users Guide 187 Chapter 20 Troubleshooting 1 Make sure you have entered the password correctly. The default password is 1234. This field is case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on. 2 You cannot log in to the web configurator while someone is using Telnet to access the P-320W v3. Log out of the P-320W v3 in the other session, or ask the person who is logged in to log out. 3 Disconnect and re-connect the power adaptor or cord to the P-320W v3. 4 If this does not work, you have to reset the device to its factory defaults. See Section 20.4 on page 189. 20.3 Internet Access I cannot access the Internet. 1 Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide. 2 Make sure you entered your ISP account information correctly in the wizard. These fields are case-sensitive, so make sure [Caps Lock] is not on. 3 If you are trying to access the Internet wirelessly, make sure the wireless settings in the wireless client are the same as the settings in the AP. 4 Disconnect all the cables from your device, and follow the directions in the Quick Start Guide again. 5 If the problem continues, contact your ISP. I cannot access the Internet anymore. I had access to the Internet (with the P-

320W v3), but my Internet connection is not available anymore. 1 Check the hardware connections, and make sure the LEDs are behaving as expected. See the Quick Start Guide and Section 1.4 on page 23. 2 Reboot the P-320W v3. 3 If the problem continues, contact your ISP. 188 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 20 Troubleshooting The Internet connection is slow or intermittent. 1 There might be a lot of traffic on the network. Look at the LEDs, and check Section 1.4 on page 23. If the P-320W v3 is sending or receiving a lot of information, try closing some programs that use the Internet, especially peer-to-peer applications. 2 Check the signal strength. If the signal strength is low, try moving the P-320W v3 closer to the AP if possible, and look around to see if there are any devices that might be interfering with the wireless network (for example, microwaves, other wireless networks, and so on). 3 Reboot the P-320W v3. 4 If the problem continues, contact the network administrator or vendor, or try one of the advanced suggestions. Advanced Suggestions Check the settings for bandwidth management. If it is disabled, you might consider activating it. If it is enabled, you might consider changing the allocations. Check the settings for QoS. If it is disabled, you might consider activating it. If it is enabled, you might consider raising or lowering the priority for some applications. 20.4 Resetting the P-320W v3 to Its Factory Defaults If you reset the P-320W v3, you lose all of the changes you have made. The P-

320W v3 re-loads its default settings, and the password resets to 1234. You have to make all of your changes again. You will lose all of your changes when you push the RESET button. To reset the P-320W v3, 1 Make sure the power LED is on and not blinking. P-320W v3 Users Guide 189 Chapter 20 Troubleshooting 2 Press and hold the RESET button for five to ten seconds. The default settings have been restored. If the P-320W v3 restarts automatically, wait for the P-320W v3 to finish restarting, and log in to the web configurator. The password is 1234. If the P-320W v3 does not restart automatically, disconnect and reconnect the P-

320W v3s power. Then, follow the directions above again. 20.5 Wireless Router Troubleshooting I cannot access the P-320W v3 or ping any computer from the WLAN (wireless router). 1 Make sure the wireless LAN is enabled on the P-320W v3 2 Make sure the wireless adapter on the wireless station is working properly. 3 Make sure the wireless adapter installed on your computer is IEEE 802.11 compatible and supports the same wireless standard as the P-320W v3. 4 Make sure your computer (with a wireless adapter installed) is within the transmission range of the P-320W v3. 5 Check that both the P-320W v3 and your wireless station are using the same wireless and wireless security settings. 6 Make sure traffic between the WLAN and the LAN is not blocked by the firewall on the P-320W v3. 7 Make sure you allow the P-320W v3 to be remotely accessed through the WLAN interface. Check your remote management settings. See the chapter on Wireless LAN in the Users Guide for more information. 190 P-320W v3 Users Guide 20.6 Advanced Features Chapter 20 Troubleshooting I set up URL keyword blocking, but I can still access a website that should be blocked. Make sure that you select the Enable URL Keyword Blocking check box in the Content Filtering screen. Make sure that the keywords that you type are listed in the Keyword List. If a keyword that is listed in the Keyword List is not blocked when it is found in a URL, customize the keyword blocking using commands. See the Customizing Keyword Blocking URL Checking section in the Content Filter chapter. P-320W v3 Users Guide 191 Chapter 20 Troubleshooting 192 P-320W v3 Users Guide CHAPTER 21 Product Specifications The following tables summarize the P-320W v3s hardware and firmware features. Table 83 Hardware Features Dimensions (W x D x H) Weight Power Specification 162 x 115 x 33 mm 248 g Input: 120~240 AC, 50~60 Hz Ethernet ports 4-5 Port Switch LEDs Reset Button Antenna Operation Environment Output: 5 V AC 1 A Auto-negotiating: 10 Mbps or 100 Mbps in either half-duplex or full-duplex mode. Auto-crossover: Use either crossover or straight-through Ethernet cables. A combination of switch and router makes your P-320W v3 a cost-

effective and viable network solution. You can add up to four computers to the P-320W v3 without the cost of a hub when connecting to the Internet through the WAN port. You can add up to five computers to the P-320W v3 when you connect to the Internet in AP mode. Add more than four computers to your LAN by using a hub. PWR, LAN1-4, WAN, WLAN, WPS The reset button is built into the rear panel. Use this button to restore the P-320W v3 to its factory default settings. Press for 1 second to restart the device. Press for 5 seconds to restore to factory default settings. The P-320W v3 is equipped with a 2dBi detachable antenna to provide clear radio transmission and reception on the wireless network. Temperature: 0 C ~ 40 C Humidity: 20% ~ 80% RH (Non-condensing) Storage Environment Temperature: -20 C ~ 70 C Humidity: 20% ~ 90% RH (Non-condensing) P-320W v3 Users Guide 193 Chapter 21 Product Specifications Table 84 Firmware Features FEATURE Default IP Address Default Subnet Mask Default Password DHCP Pool Wireless Interface Default Wireless SSID Default Wireless IP Address Default Wireless Subnet Mask Default Wireless DHCP Pool Size Device Management DESCRIPTION 192.168.1.1 255.255.255.0 (24 bits) 1234 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64 Wireless LAN Wireless LAN: ZyXEL Wireless LAN: Same as LAN (192.168.1.1) Wireless LAN: Same as LAN (255.255.255.0) Wireless Functionality Firmware Upgrade Configuration Backup &

Restoration Network Address Translation (NAT) Firewall Wireless LAN: Same as LAN (32 from 192.168.1.33 to 192.168.1.64) Use the web configurator to easily configure the rich range of features on the P-320W v3. Allows IEEE 802.11b and/or IEEE 802.11g wireless clients to connect to the P-320W v3 wirelessly. Enable wireless security

(WEP, WPA, WPA-PSK) and/or MAC filtering to protect your wireless network. Note: The P-320W v3 may be prone to RF (Radio Frequency) interference from other 2.4 GHz devices such as microwave ovens, wireless phones, Bluetooth enabled devices, and other wireless LANs. Download new firmware (when available) from the ZyXEL web site and use the web configurator to put it on the P-320W v3. Note: Only upload firmware for your specific model!

Make a copy of the P-320W v3s configuration and put it back on the P-320W v3 later if you decide you want to revert back to an earlier configuration. Each computer on your network must have its own unique IP address. Use NAT to convert a single public IP address to multiple private IP addresses for the computers on your network. You can configure firewall on the P-320W v3 for secure Internet access. When the firewall is on, by default, all incoming traffic from the Internet to your network is blocked unless it is initiated from your network. This means that probes from the outside to your network are not allowed, but you can safely browse the Internet and download files for example. 194 P-320W v3 Users Guide Chapter 21 Product Specifications Table 84 Firmware Features FEATURE Content Filter DESCRIPTION The P-320W v3 blocks or allows access to web sites that you specify and blocks access to web sites with URLs that contain keywords that you specify. You can define time periods and days during which content filtering is enabled. You can also include or exclude particular computers on your network from content filtering. Time and Date Port Forwarding DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) Dynamic DNS Support Logging PPPoE PPTP Encapsulation Universal Plug and Play

(UPnP) You can also subscribe to category-based content filtering that allows your P-320W v3 to check web sites against an external database. Get the current time and date from an external server when you turn on your P-320W v3. You can also set the time manually. These dates and times are then used in logs. If you have a server (mail or web server for example) on your network, then use this feature to let people access it from the Internet. Use this feature to have the P-320W v3 assign IP addresses, an IP default gateway and DNS servers to computers on your network. With Dynamic DNS (Domain Name System) support, you can use a fixed URL, www.zyxel.com for example, with a dynamic IP address. You must register for this service with a Dynamic DNS service provider. Use logs for troubleshooting. PPPoE mimics a dial-up over Ethernet Internet access connection. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP) enables secure transfer of data through a Virtual Private Network (VPN). The P-320W v3 supports one PPTP connection at a time. The P-320W v3 can communicate with other UPnP enabled devices in a network. P-320W v3 Users Guide 195 Chapter 21 Product Specifications 196 P-320W v3 Users Guide PART VI Appendices and Index Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions (199) IP Addresses and Subnetting (207) Setting up Your Computers IP Address

(217) Wireless LANs (235) Services (247) Legal Information (251) Index (255) 197 198 APPENDIX A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions In order to use the web configurator you need to allow:

Web browser pop-up windows from your device. JavaScripts (enabled by default). Java permissions (enabled by default). Note: Internet Explorer 6 screens are used here. Screens for other Internet Explorer versions may vary. Internet Explorer Pop-up Blockers You may have to disable pop-up blocking to log into your device. Either disable pop-up blocking (enabled by default in Windows XP SP (Service Pack) 2) or allow pop-up blocking and create an exception for your devices IP address. Disable pop-up Blockers 1 In Internet Explorer, select Tools, Pop-up Blocker and then select Turn Off Pop-up Blocker. Figure 113 Pop-up Blocker You can also check if pop-up blocking is disabled in the Pop-up Blocker section in the Privacy tab. P-320W v3 Users Guide 199 Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 1 In Internet Explorer, select Tools, Internet Options, Privacy. 2 Clear the Block pop-ups check box in the Pop-up Blocker section of the screen. This disables any web pop-up blockers you may have enabled. Figure 114 Internet Options: Privacy 3 Click Apply to save this setting. Enable pop-up Blockers with Exceptions Alternatively, if you only want to allow pop-up windows from your device, see the following steps. 1 In Internet Explorer, select Tools, Internet Options and then the Privacy tab. 200 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 2 Select Settingsto open the Pop-up Blocker Settings screen. Figure 115 Internet Options: Privacy 3 Type the IP address of your device (the web page that you do not want to have blocked) with the prefix http://. For example, http://192.168.167.1. P-320W v3 Users Guide 201 Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 4 Click Add to move the IP address to the list of Allowed sites. Figure 116 Pop-up Blocker Settings 5 Click Close to return to the Privacy screen. 6 Click Apply to save this setting. JavaScripts If pages of the web configurator do not display properly in Internet Explorer, check that JavaScripts are allowed. 202 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 1 In Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab. Figure 117 Internet Options: Security 2 Click the Custom Level... button. 3 Scroll down to Scripting. 4 Under Active scripting make sure that Enable is selected (the default). 5 Under Scripting of Java applets make sure that Enable is selected (the default). P-320W v3 Users Guide 203 Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 6 Click OK to close the window. Figure 118 Security Settings - Java Scripting Java Permissions 1 From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Security tab. 2 Click the Custom Level... button. 3 Scroll down to Microsoft VM. 4 Under Java permissions make sure that a safety level is selected. 204 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 5 Click OK to close the window. Figure 119 Security Settings - Java JAVA (Sun) 1 From Internet Explorer, click Tools, Internet Options and then the Advanced tab. 2 Make sure that Use Java 2 for <applet> under Java (Sun) is selected. P-320W v3 Users Guide 205 Appendix A Pop-up Windows, JavaScripts and Java Permissions 3 Click OK to close the window. Figure 120 Java (Sun) 206 P-320W v3 Users Guide APPENDIX B IP Addresses and Subnetting This appendix introduces IP addresses and subnet masks. IP addresses identify individual devices on a network. Every networking device

(including computers, servers, routers, printers, etc.) needs an IP address to communicate across the network. These networking devices are also known as hosts. Subnet masks determine the maximum number of possible hosts on a network. You can also use subnet masks to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. Introduction to IP Addresses One part of the IP address is the network number, and the other part is the host ID. In the same way that houses on a street share a common street name, the hosts on a network share a common network number. Similarly, as each house has its own house number, each host on the network has its own unique identifying number - the host ID. Routers use the network number to send packets to the correct network, while the host ID determines to which host on the network the packets are delivered. Structure An IP address is made up of four parts, written in dotted decimal notation (for example, 192.168.1.1). Each of these four parts is known as an octet. An octet is an eight-digit binary number (for example 11000000, which is 192 in decimal notation). Therefore, each octet has a possible range of 00000000 to 11111111 in binary, or 0 to 255 in decimal. P-320W v3 Users Guide 207 Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting The following figure shows an example IP address in which the first three octets

(192.168.1) are the network number, and the fourth octet (16) is the host ID. Figure 121 Network Number and Host ID How much of the IP address is the network number and how much is the host ID varies according to the subnet mask. Subnet Masks A subnet mask is used to determine which bits are part of the network number, and which bits are part of the host ID (using a logical AND operation). The term subnet is short for sub-network. A subnet mask has 32 bits. If a bit in the subnet mask is a 1 then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the network number. If a bit in the subnet mask is 0 then the corresponding bit in the IP address is part of the host ID. The following example shows a subnet mask identifying the network number (in bold text) and host ID of an IP address (192.168.1.2 in decimal). Table 85 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number 4TH 1ST OCTET OCTET:

(2)

(192) 11000000 00000010 11111111 11111111 11111111 00000000 3RD OCTET:

(1) 00000001 2ND OCTET:

(168) 10101000 IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) 208 P-320W v3 Users Guide Table 85 Subnet Mask - Identifying Network Number Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting 1ST OCTET:

(192) 11000000 10101000 00000001 2ND OCTET:

(168) 3RD OCTET:

(1) 4TH OCTET

(2) 00000010 Network Number Host ID By convention, subnet masks always consist of a continuous sequence of ones beginning from the leftmost bit of the mask, followed by a continuous sequence of zeros, for a total number of 32 bits. Subnet masks can be referred to by the size of the network number part (the bits with a 1 value). For example, an 8-bit mask means that the first 8 bits of the mask are ones and the remaining 24 bits are zeroes. Subnet masks are expressed in dotted decimal notation just like IP addresses. The following examples show the binary and decimal notation for 8-bit, 16-bit, 24-bit and 29-bit subnet masks. Table 86 Subnet Masks BINARY 1ST OCTET 2ND OCTET 3RD OCTET 8-bit mask 11111111 00000000 00000000 16-bit 11111111 11111111 00000000 mask 24-bit mask 29-bit mask 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 11111111 4TH OCTET 00000000 00000000 DECIMAL 255.0.0.0 255.255.0.0 00000000 255.255.255.0 11111000 255.255.255.24 8 Network Size The size of the network number determines the maximum number of possible hosts you can have on your network. The larger the number of network number bits, the smaller the number of remaining host ID bits. An IP address with host IDs of all zeros is the IP address of the network

(192.168.1.0 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example). An IP address with host IDs of all ones is the broadcast address for that network (192.168.1.255 with a 24-bit subnet mask, for example). P-320W v3 Users Guide 209 Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting As these two IP addresses cannot be used for individual hosts, calculate the maximum number of possible hosts in a network as follows:

Table 87 Maximum Host Numbers SUBNET MASK HOST ID SIZE 255.0.0.0 8 bits 16 bits 255.255.0.0 24 bits 255.255.255.0 8 bits 3 bits 29 bits 255.255.255.2 24 bits 16 bits MAXIMUM NUMBER OF HOSTS 16777214 65534 254 6 224 2 216 2 28 2 23 2 48 Notation Since the mask is always a continuous number of ones beginning from the left, followed by a continuous number of zeros for the remainder of the 32 bit mask, you can simply specify the number of ones instead of writing the value of each octet. This is usually specified by writing a / followed by the number of bits in the mask after the address. For example, 192.1.1.0 /25 is equivalent to saying 192.1.1.0 with subnet mask 255.255.255.128. The following table shows some possible subnet masks using both notations.

/26 LAST OCTET

(BINARY) 0000 0000 1000 0000 ALTERNATIVE NOTATION

/24

/25 Table 88 Alternative Subnet Mask Notation SUBNET MASK 255.255.255.0 255.255.255.12 8 255.255.255.19 2 255.255.255.22 4 255.255.255.24 0 255.255.255.24 8 255.255.255.25 2 1100 0000 1110 0000 1111 0000 1111 1000 1111 1100

/27

/28

/29

/30 LAST OCTET

(DECIMAL) 0 128 192 224 240 248 252 210 P-320W v3 Users Guide Subnetting Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting You can use subnetting to divide one network into multiple sub-networks. In the following example a network administrator creates two sub-networks to isolate a group of servers from the rest of the company network for security reasons. In this example, the company network address is 192.168.1.0. The first three octets of the address (192.168.1) are the network number, and the remaining octet is the host ID, allowing a maximum of 28 2 or 254 possible hosts. The following figure shows the company network before subnetting. Figure 122 Subnetting Example: Before Subnetting You can borrow one of the host ID bits to divide the network 192.168.1.0 into two separate sub-networks. The subnet mask is now 25 bits (255.255.255.128 or

/25). The borrowed host ID bit can have a value of either 0 or 1, allowing two subnets; 192.168.1.0 /25 and 192.168.1.128 /25. P-320W v3 Users Guide 211 Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting The following figure shows the company network after subnetting. There are now two sub-networks, A and B. Figure 123 Subnetting Example: After Subnetting In a 25-bit subnet the host ID has 7 bits, so each sub-network has a maximum of 27 2 or 126 possible hosts (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnets address itself, all ones is the subnets broadcast address). 192.168.1.0 with mask 255.255.255.128 is subnet A itself, and 192.168.1.127 with mask 255.255.255.128 is its broadcast address. Therefore, the lowest IP address that can be assigned to an actual host for subnet A is 192.168.1.1 and the highest is 192.168.1.126. Similarly, the host ID range for subnet B is 192.168.1.129 to 192.168.1.254. Example: Four Subnets The previous example illustrated using a 25-bit subnet mask to divide a 24-bit address into two subnets. Similarly, to divide a 24-bit address into four subnets, you need to borrow two host ID bits to give four possible combinations (00, 01, 10 and 11). The subnet mask is 26 bits

(11111111.11111111.11111111.11000000) or 255.255.255.192. 212 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting Each subnet contains 6 host ID bits, giving 26 - 2 or 62 hosts for each subnet (a host ID of all zeroes is the subnet itself, all ones is the subnets broadcast address). Table 89 Subnet 1 IP/SUBNET MASK IP Address (Decimal) IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) Subnet Address:

192.168.1.0 Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.63 Table 90 Subnet 2 IP/SUBNET MASK IP Address IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) Subnet Address:

192.168.1.64 Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.127 Table 91 Subnet 3 IP/SUBNET MASK IP Address IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) Subnet Address:

192.168.1.128 Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.191 Table 92 Subnet 4 IP/SUBNET MASK IP Address IP Address (Binary) Subnet Mask (Binary) NETWORK NUMBER 192.168.1. 11000000.10101000.00000001. 00000000 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.1 LAST OCTET BIT VALUE 0 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.62 NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE 64 192.168.1. 11000000.10101000.00000001. 01000000 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.65 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.126 NETWORK NUMBER LAST OCTET BIT VALUE 128 192.168.1. 11000000.10101000.00000001. 10000000 11111111.11111111.11111111. 11000000 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.129 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.190 NETWORK NUMBER 192.168.1. 11000000.10101000.00000001

. 11111111.11111111.11111111

. LAST OCTET BIT VALUE 192 11000000 11000000 P-320W v3 Users Guide 213 Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting Table 92 Subnet 4 (continued) IP/SUBNET MASK NETWORK NUMBER Subnet Address:

192.168.1.192 Broadcast Address:

192.168.1.255 Lowest Host ID: 192.168.1.193 Highest Host ID: 192.168.1.254 LAST OCTET BIT VALUE Example: Eight Subnets Similarly, use a 27-bit mask to create eight subnets (000, 001, 010, 011, 100, 101, 110 and 111). The following table shows IP address last octet values for each subnet. Table 93 Eight Subnets SUBNET FIRST ADDRESS LAST SUBNET ADDRESS 0 32 64 96 128 160 192 224 1 33 65 97 129 161 193 225 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 ADDRESS 30 62 94 126 158 190 222 254 BROADCAST ADDRESS 31 63 95 127 159 191 223 255 Subnet Planning The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 24-bit network number. NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET MASK Table 94 24-bit Network Number Subnet Planning NO. BORROWED HOST BITS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 255.255.255.128 (/25) 255.255.255.192 (/26) 255.255.255.224 (/27) 255.255.255.240 (/28) 255.255.255.248 (/29) 255.255.255.252 (/30) 255.255.255.254 (/31) 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 SUBNET 126 62 30 14 6 2 1 214 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting The following table is a summary for subnet planning on a network with a 16-bit network number. NO. SUBNETS NO. HOSTS PER SUBNET MASK Table 95 16-bit Network Number Subnet Planning NO. BORROWED HOST BITS 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 255.255.128.0 (/17) 255.255.192.0 (/18) 255.255.224.0 (/19) 255.255.240.0 (/20) 255.255.248.0 (/21) 255.255.252.0 (/22) 255.255.254.0 (/23) 255.255.255.0 (/24) 255.255.255.128 (/25) 255.255.255.192 (/26) 255.255.255.224 (/27) 255.255.255.240 (/28) 255.255.255.248 (/29) 255.255.255.252 (/30) 255.255.255.254 (/31) 2 4 8 16 32 64 128 256 512 1024 2048 4096 8192 16384 32768 SUBNET 32766 16382 8190 4094 2046 1022 510 254 126 62 30 14 6 2 1 Configuring IP Addresses Where you obtain your network number depends on your particular situation. If the ISP or your network administrator assigns you a block of registered IP addresses, follow their instructions in selecting the IP addresses and the subnet mask. If the ISP did not explicitly give you an IP network number, then most likely you have a single user account and the ISP will assign you a dynamic IP address when the connection is established. If this is the case, it is recommended that you select a network number from 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.0. The Internet Assigned Number Authority (IANA) reserved this block of addresses specifically for private use; please do not use any other number unless you are told otherwise. You must also enable Network Address Translation (NAT) on the P-320W v3. Once you have decided on the network number, pick an IP address for your P-

320W v3 that is easy to remember (for instance, 192.168.1.1) but make sure that no other device on your network is using that IP address. The subnet mask specifies the network number portion of an IP address. Your P-

320W v3 will compute the subnet mask automatically based on the IP address P-320W v3 Users Guide 215 Appendix B IP Addresses and Subnetting that you entered. You don't need to change the subnet mask computed by the P-

320W v3 unless you are instructed to do otherwise. Private IP Addresses Every machine on the Internet must have a unique address. If your networks are isolated from the Internet (running only between two branch offices, for example) you can assign any IP addresses to the hosts without problems. However, the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA) has reserved the following three blocks of IP addresses specifically for private networks:

10.0.0.0 10.255.255.255 172.16.0.0 172.31.255.255 192.168.0.0 192.168.255.255 You can obtain your IP address from the IANA, from an ISP, or it can be assigned from a private network. If you belong to a small organization and your Internet access is through an ISP, the ISP can provide you with the Internet addresses for your local networks. On the other hand, if you are part of a much larger organization, you should consult your network administrator for the appropriate IP addresses. Regardless of your particular situation, do not create an arbitrary IP address;

always follow the guidelines above. For more information on address assignment, please refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private Internets and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space. 216 P-320W v3 Users Guide APPENDIX C Setting up Your Computers IP Address All computers must have a 10M or 100M Ethernet adapter card and TCP/IP installed. Windows 95/98/Me/NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems and all versions of UNIX/LINUX include the software components you need to install and use TCP/IP on your computer. Windows 3.1 requires the purchase of a third-

party TCP/IP application package. TCP/IP should already be installed on computers using Windows NT/2000/XP, Macintosh OS 7 and later operating systems. After the appropriate TCP/IP components are installed, configure the TCP/IP settings in order to "communicate" with your network. If you manually assign IP information instead of using dynamic assignment, make sure that your computers have IP addresses that place them in the same subnet as the Prestiges LAN port. P-320W v3 Users Guide 217 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address Windows 95/98/Me Click Start, Settings, Control Panel and double-click the Network icon to open the Network window. Figure 124 WIndows 95/98/Me: Network: Configuration Installing Components The Network window Configuration tab displays a list of installed components. You need a network adapter, the TCP/IP protocol and Client for Microsoft Networks. If you need the adapter:

1 In the Network window, click Add. 2 Select Adapter and then click Add. 3 Select the manufacturer and model of your network adapter and then click OK. If you need TCP/IP:

1 In the Network window, click Add. 2 Select Protocol and then click Add. 218 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 3 Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers. 4 Select TCP/IP from the list of network protocols and then click OK. If you need Client for Microsoft Networks:

1 Click Add. 2 Select Client and then click Add. 3 Select Microsoft from the list of manufacturers. 4 Select Client for Microsoft Networks from the list of network clients and then click OK. 5 Restart your computer so the changes you made take effect. Configuring 1 In the Network window Configuration tab, select your network adapter's TCP/IP entry and click Properties 2 Click the IP Address tab. If your IP address is dynamic, select Obtain an IP address automatically. If you have a static IP address, select Specify an IP address and type your information into the IP Address and Subnet Mask fields. Figure 125 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: IP Address P-320W v3 Users Guide 219 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 3 Click the DNS Configuration tab. If you do not know your DNS information, select Disable DNS. If you know your DNS information, select Enable DNS and type the information in the fields below (you may not need to fill them all in). Figure 126 Windows 95/98/Me: TCP/IP Properties: DNS Configuration 4 Click the Gateway tab. If you do not know your gateways IP address, remove previously installed gateways. If you have a gateway IP address, type it in the New gateway field and click Add. 5 Click OK to save and close the TCP/IP Properties window. 6 Click OK to close the Network window. Insert the Windows CD if prompted. 7 Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer when prompted. Verifying Settings 1 Click Start and then Run. 2 In the Run window, type "winipcfg" and then click OK to open the IP Configuration window. 220 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 3 Select your network adapter. You should see your computer's IP address, subnet mask and default gateway. Windows 2000/NT/XP The following example figures use the default Windows XP GUI theme. 1 Click start (Start in Windows 2000/NT), Settings, Control Panel. Figure 127 Windows XP: Start Menu P-320W v3 Users Guide 221 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 2 In the Control Panel, double-click Network Connections (Network and Dial-

up Connections in Windows 2000/NT). Figure 128 Windows XP: Control Panel 3 Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties. Figure 129 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties 222 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 4 Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and then click Properties. Figure 130 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties 5 The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window opens (the General tab in Windows XP). If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically. If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields. P-320W v3 Users Guide 223 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address Click Advanced. Figure 131 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties 6 If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK. Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:

In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add. In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet mask, and then click Add. Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add. Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Add in Default gateways. In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in Gateway. To manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission hops), clear the Automatic metric check box and type a metric in Metric. Click Add. Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add. 224 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address Click OK when finished. Figure 132 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Properties 7 In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP):

Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es). If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate DNS server fields. P-320W v3 Users Guide 225 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS tab to order them. Figure 133 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties 8 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. 9 Click Close (OK in Windows 2000/NT) to close the Local Area Connection Properties window. 10 Close the Network Connections window (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000/NT). 11 Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted). Verifying Settings 1 Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt. 2 In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and then click the Support tab. 226 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address Macintosh OS 8/9 1 Click the Apple menu, Control Panel and double-click TCP/IP to open the TCP/

IP Control Panel. Figure 134 Macintosh OS 8/9: Apple Menu P-320W v3 Users Guide 227 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 2 Select Ethernet built-in from the Connect via list. Figure 135 Macintosh OS 8/9: TCP/IP 3 4 For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP Server from the Configure: list. For statically assigned settings, do the following:

From the Configure box, select Manually. Type your IP address in the IP Address box. Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box. Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box. 5 Close the TCP/IP Control Panel. 6 Click Save if prompted, to save changes to your configuration. 7 Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted). Verifying Settings Check your TCP/IP properties in the TCP/IP Control Panel window. 228 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address Macintosh OS X 1 Click the Apple menu, and click System Preferences to open the System Preferences window. Figure 136 Macintosh OS X: Apple Menu 2 Click Network in the icon bar. Select Automatic from the Location list. Select Built-in Ethernet from the Show list. Click the TCP/IP tab. 3 For dynamically assigned settings, select Using DHCP from the Configure list. Figure 137 Macintosh OS X: Network P-320W v3 Users Guide 229 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 4 For statically assigned settings, do the following:

From the Configure box, select Manually. Type your IP address in the IP Address box. Type your subnet mask in the Subnet mask box. Type the IP address of your Prestige in the Router address box. 5 Click Apply Now and close the window. 6 Turn on your Prestige and restart your computer (if prompted). Verifying Settings Check your TCP/IP properties in the Network window. Linux This section shows you how to configure your computers TCP/IP settings in Red Hat Linux 9.0. Procedure, screens and file location may vary depending on your Linux distribution and release version. Note: Make sure you are logged in as the root administrator. Using the K Desktop Environment (KDE) Follow the steps below to configure your computer IP address using the KDE. 1 Click the Red Hat button (located on the bottom left corner), select System Setting and click Network. Figure 138 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Devices 230 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 2 Double-click on the profile of the network card you wish to configure. The Ethernet Device General screen displays as shown. Figure 139 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Ethernet Device: General If you have a dynamic IP address click Automatically obtain IP address settings with and select dhcp from the drop down list. If you have a static IP address click Statically set IP Addresses and fill in the Address, Subnet mask, and Default Gateway Address fields. 3 Click OK to save the changes and close the Ethernet Device General screen. 4 If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click the DNS tab in the Network Configuration screen. Enter the DNS server information in the fields provided. Figure 140 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: DNS P-320W v3 Users Guide 231 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 5 Click the Devices tab. 6 Click the Activate button to apply the changes. The following screen displays. Click Yes to save the changes in all screens. Figure 141 Red Hat 9.0: KDE: Network Configuration: Activate 7 After the network card restart process is complete, make sure the Status is Active in the Network Configuration screen. Using Configuration Files Follow the steps below to edit the network configuration files and set your computer IP address. 1 Assuming that you have only one network card on the computer, locate the ifconfig-eth0 configuration file (where eth0 is the name of the Ethernet card). Open the configuration file with any plain text editor. If you have a dynamic IP address, enter dhcp in the BOOTPROTO= field. The following figure shows an example. Figure 142 Red Hat 9.0: Dynamic IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=dhcp USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes TYPE=Ethernet 232 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address If you have a static IP address, enter static in the BOOTPROTO= field. Type IPADDR= followed by the IP address (in dotted decimal notation) and type NETMASK= followed by the subnet mask. The following example shows an example where the static IP address is 192.168.1.10 and the subnet mask is 255.255.255.0. Figure 143 Red Hat 9.0: Static IP Address Setting in ifconfig-eth0 DEVICE=eth0 ONBOOT=yes BOOTPROTO=static IPADDR=192.168.1.10 NETMASK=255.255.255.0 USERCTL=no PEERDNS=yes TYPE=Ethernet 2 If you know your DNS server IP address(es), enter the DNS server information in the resolv.conf file in the /etc directory. The following figure shows an example where two DNS server IP addresses are specified. Figure 144 Red Hat 9.0: DNS Settings in resolv.conf nameserver 172.23.5.1 nameserver 172.23.5.2 3 After you edit and save the configuration files, you must restart the network card. Enter./network restart in the /etc/rc.d/init.d directory. The following figure shows an example. Figure 145 Red Hat 9.0: Restart Ethernet Card

[root@localhost init.d]# network restart Shutting down interface eth0: [OK]

Shutting down loopback interface: [OK]

Setting network parameters: [OK]

Bringing up loopback interface: [OK]

Bringing up interface eth0: [OK]

P-320W v3 Users Guide 233 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address 21.0.1 Verifying Settings Enter ifconfig in a terminal screen to check your TCP/IP properties. Figure 146 Red Hat 9.0: Checking TCP/IP Properties

[root@localhost]# ifconfig eth0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr 00:50:BA:72:5B:44 inet addr:172.23.19.129 Bcast:172.23.19.255 Mask:255.255.255.0 UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1 RX packets:717 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0 TX packets:13 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0 collisions:0 txqueuelen:100 RX bytes:730412 (713.2 Kb) TX bytes:1570 (1.5 Kb) Interrupt:10 Base address:0x1000

[root@localhost]#

234 P-320W v3 Users Guide APPENDIX D Wireless LANs Wireless LAN Topologies This section discusses ad-hoc and infrastructure wireless LAN topologies. Ad-hoc Wireless LAN Configuration The simplest WLAN configuration is an independent (Ad-hoc) WLAN that connects a set of computers with wireless stations (A, B, C). Any time two or more wireless adapters are within range of each other, they can set up an independent network, which is commonly referred to as an Ad-hoc network or Independent Basic Service Set (IBSS). The following diagram shows an example of notebook computers using wireless adapters to form an Ad-hoc wireless LAN. Figure 147 Peer-to-Peer Communication in an Ad-hoc Network BSS A Basic Service Set (BSS) exists when all communications between wireless stations or between a wireless station and a wired network client go through one access point (AP). Intra-BSS traffic is traffic between wireless stations in the BSS. When Intra-BSS is enabled, wireless station A and B can access the wired network and communicate P-320W v3 Users Guide 235 Appendix D Wireless LANs with each other. When Intra-BSS is disabled, wireless station A and B can still access the wired network but cannot communicate with each other. Figure 148 Basic Service Set ESS An Extended Service Set (ESS) consists of a series of overlapping BSSs, each containing an access point, with each access point connected together by a wired network. This wired connection between APs is called a Distribution System (DS). This type of wireless LAN topology is called an Infrastructure WLAN. The Access Points not only provide communication with the wired network but also mediate wireless network traffic in the immediate neighborhood. 236 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs An ESSID (ESS IDentification) uniquely identifies each ESS. All access points and their associated wireless stations within the same ESS must have the same ESSID in order to communicate. Figure 149 Infrastructure WLAN Channel A channel is the radio frequency(ies) used by IEEE 802.11a/b/g wireless devices. Channels available depend on your geographical area. You may have a choice of channels (for your region) so you should use a different channel than an adjacent AP (access point) to reduce interference. Interference occurs when radio signals from different access points overlap causing interference and degrading performance. Adjacent channels partially overlap however. To avoid interference due to overlap, your AP should be on a channel at least five channels away from a channel that an adjacent AP is using. For example, if your region has 11 channels and an adjacent AP is using channel 1, then you need to select a channel between 6 or 11. Note: To comply with US FCC regulation, the country selection function has been completely removed from all US models. The above function is for non-US models only. P-320W v3 Users Guide 237 Appendix D Wireless LANs RTS/CTS A hidden node occurs when two stations are within range of the same access point, but are not within range of each other. The following figure illustrates a hidden node. Both stations (STA) are within range of the access point (AP) or wireless gateway, but out-of-range of each other, so they cannot "hear" each other, that is they do not know if the channel is currently being used. Therefore, they are considered hidden from each other. Figure 150 RTS/CTS When station A sends data to the AP, it might not know that the station B is already using the channel. If these two stations send data at the same time, collisions may occur when both sets of data arrive at the AP at the same time, resulting in a loss of messages for both stations. RTS/CTS is designed to prevent collisions due to hidden nodes. An RTS/CTS defines the biggest size data frame you can send before an RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake is invoked. When a data frame exceeds the RTS/CTS value you set (between 0 to 2432 bytes), the station that wants to transmit this frame must first send an RTS

(Request To Send) message to the AP for permission to send it. The AP then responds with a CTS (Clear to Send) message to all other stations within its range to notify them to defer their transmission. It also reserves and confirms with the requesting station the time frame for the requested transmission. Stations can send frames smaller than the specified RTS/CTS directly to the AP without the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake. You should only configure RTS/CTS if the possibility of hidden nodes exists on your network and the "cost" of resending large frames is more than the extra network overhead involved in the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake. If the RTS/CTS value is greater than the Fragmentation Threshold value (see next), then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. 238 P-320W v3 Users Guide Note: Enabling the RTS Threshold causes redundant network overhead that could negatively affect the throughput performance instead of providing a remedy. Appendix D Wireless LANs Fragmentation Threshold A Fragmentation Threshold is the maximum data fragment size (between 256 and 2432 bytes) that can be sent in the wireless network before the AP will fragment the packet into smaller data frames. A large Fragmentation Threshold is recommended for networks not prone to interference while you should set a smaller threshold for busy networks or networks that are prone to interference. If the Fragmentation Threshold value is smaller than the RTS/CTS value (see previously) you set then the RTS (Request To Send)/CTS (Clear to Send) handshake will never occur as data frames will be fragmented before they reach RTS/CTS size. Preamble Type A preamble is used to synchronize the transmission timing in your wireless network. There are two preamble modes: Long and Short. Short preamble takes less time to process and minimizes overhead, so it should be used in a good wireless network environment when all wireless stations support it. Select Long if you have a noisy network or are unsure of what preamble mode your wireless stations support as all IEEE 802.11b compliant wireless adapters must support long preamble. However, not all wireless adapters support short preamble. Use long preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode the wireless adapters support, to ensure interpretability between the AP and the wireless stations and to provide more reliable communication in noisy networks. Select Dynamic to have the AP automatically use short preamble when all wireless stations support it, otherwise the AP uses long preamble. Note: The AP and the wireless stations MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate. IEEE 802.11g Wireless LAN IEEE 802.11g is fully compatible with the IEEE 802.11b standard. This means an IEEE 802.11b adapter can interface directly with an IEEE 802.11g access point

(and vice versa) at 11 Mbps or lower depending on range. IEEE 802.11g has P-320W v3 Users Guide 239 Appendix D Wireless LANs several intermediate rate steps between the maximum and minimum data rates. The IEEE 802.11g data rate and modulation are as follows:

Table 96 IEEE 802.11g DATA RATE

(MBPS) 1 2 5.5 / 11 6/9/12/18/24/36/

48/54 MODULATION DBPSK (Differential Binary Phase Shift Keyed) DQPSK (Differential Quadrature Phase Shift Keying) CCK (Complementary Code Keying) OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) IEEE 802.1x In June 2001, the IEEE 802.1x standard was designed to extend the features of IEEE 802.11 to support extended authentication as well as providing additional accounting and control features. It is supported by Windows XP and a number of network devices. Some advantages of IEEE 802.1x are:

User based identification that allows for roaming. Support for RADIUS (Remote Authentication Dial In User Service, RFC 2138, 2139) for centralized user profile and accounting management on a network RADIUS server. Support for EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) that allows additional authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the access point or the wireless stations. RADIUS RADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication, authorization and accounting. The access point is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server handles the following tasks:

Authentication Determines the identity of the users. Authorization Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the network. Accounting Keeps track of the clients network activity. RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your AP acts as a message relay between the wireless station and the network RADIUS server. 240 P-320W v3 Users Guide Types of RADIUS Messages The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user authentication:

Appendix D Wireless LANs Access-Request Sent by an access point requesting authentication. Access-Reject Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access. Access-Accept Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access. Access-Challenge Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The access point sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request message. The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the access point and the RADIUS server for user accounting:

Accounting-Request Sent by the access point requesting accounting. Accounting-Response Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting. In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret key, which is a password, they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In addition to the shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the network from unauthorized access. Types of Authentication This appendix discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS, PEAP and LEAP. The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or the AP. Consult your network administrator for more information. EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5) MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless station. The wireless station proves that it knows the password by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information. Password is not sent in plain text. P-320W v3 Users Guide 241 Appendix D Wireless LANs However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication. Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption. EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security) With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless stations for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the senders identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead. EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service) EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-

TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2. PEAP (Protected EAP) Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection, then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is implemented only by Cisco. LEAP LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE 802.1x. Dynamic WEP Key Exchange The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed. 242 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix D Wireless LANs If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while Dynamic WEP is enabled. Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with dynamic WEP key exchange For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for public deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following table is a comparison of the features of authentication types. Table 97 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types Mutual Authentication Certificate Client Certificate Server Dynamic Key Exchange Credential Integrity Deployment Difficulty Client Identity Protection EAP-MD5 No No No No None Easy No EAP-TLS EAP-TTLS Yes Yes Yes Yes Strong Hard No Yes Optional Yes Yes Strong Moderate Yes PEAP LEAP Yes Yes Optional No Yes No Yes Yes Strong Moderate Moderate Moderate Yes No WPA(2) Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. WPA2

(IEEE 802.11i) is a wireless security standard that defines stronger encryption, authentication and key management than WPA. Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are improved data encryption and user authentication. Encryption Both WPA and WPA2 improve data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition to TKIP, WPA2 also uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) in the Counter mode with Cipher block chaining Message authentication code Protocol (CCMP) to offer stronger encryption. Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server. It includes a per-packet key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. P-320W v3 Users Guide 243 Appendix D Wireless LANs TKIP regularly changes and rotates the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is never used twice. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. This all happens in the background automatically. WPA2 AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a block cipher that uses a 256-bit mathematical algorithm called Rijndael. The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped. By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity checking mechanism (MIC), TKIP makes it much more difficult to decode data on a Wi-Fi network than WEP, making it difficult for an intruder to break into the network. The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA-

PSK susceptible to brute-force password-guessing attacks but it's still an improvement over WEP as it employs an easier-to-use, consistent, single, alphanumeric password. User Authentication WPA or WPA2 applies IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database. If both an AP and the wireless clients support WPA2 and you have an external RADIUS server, use WPA2 for stronger data encryption. If you don't have an external RADIUS server, you should use WPA2 -PSK (WPA2 -Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical) password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a wireless client will be granted access to a WLAN. If the AP or the wireless clients do not support WPA2, just use WPA or WPA-PSK depending on whether you have an external RADIUS server or not. Select WEP only when the AP and/or wireless clients do not support WPA or WPA2. WEP is less secure than WPA or WPA2. 244 P-320W v3 Users Guide 21.0.2 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example A WPA(2)-PSK application looks as follows. Appendix D Wireless LANs 1 2 3 4 First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key (PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols). The AP checks each wireless client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if the password matches. The AP derives and distributes keys to the wireless clients. The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP or AES encryption process to encrypt data exchanged between them. Figure 151 WPA(2)-PSK Authentication 21.0.3 WPA(2) with RADIUS Application Example You need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA(2) application example with an external RADIUS server looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system. 1 2 3 The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants or denies network access accordingly. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. P-320W v3 Users Guide 245 Appendix D Wireless LANs Security Parameters Summary Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not dependent on how you configure these security features. Table 98 Wireless Security Relational Matrix AUTHENTICATION METHOD/ KEY MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL Open ENCRYPTIO N METHOD None No ENTER MANUAL KEY IEEE 802.1X Open WEP No Shared WEP WPA WPA-PSK WPA2 WPA2-PSK TKIP TKIP AES AES Yes Yes No Yes Yes No Yes No Yes Disable Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Enable with Dynamic WEP Key Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Disable Enable with Dynamic WEP Key Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Disable Enable Enable Enable Enable 246 P-320W v3 Users Guide APPENDIX E Services The following table lists some commonly-used services and their associated protocols and port numbers. Name: This is a short, descriptive name for the service. You can use this one or create a different one, if you like. Protocol: This is the type of IP protocol used by the service. If this is TCP/

UDP, then the service uses the same port number with TCP and UDP. If this is User-Defined, the Port(s) is the IP protocol number, not the port number. Port(s): This value depends on the Protocol. If the Protocol is TCP, UDP, or TCP/UDP, this is the IP port number. If the Protocol is USER, this is the IP protocol number. Description: This is a brief explanation of the applications that use this service or the situations in which this service is used. P-320W v3 Users Guide 247 PORT(S) DESCRIPTION 51 5190 113 179 68 67 7648 24032 53 50 79 20 21 1720 80 443 Appendix E Services Table 99 Examples of Services NAME AH

(IPSEC_TUNNEL) AIM AUTH BGP BOOTP_CLIENT BOOTP_SERVER CU-SEEME DNS PROTOCOL User-Defined TCP TCP TCP UDP UDP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP ESP

(IPSEC_TUNNEL) User-Defined TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP TCP FINGER FTP H.323 HTTP HTTPS ICMP ICQ User-Defined 1 UDP 4000 IGMP

(MULTICAST) User-Defined 2 IKE IMAP4 IMAP4S IRC UDP TCP TCP 500 143 993 TCP/UDP 6667 248 The IPSEC AH (Authentication Header) tunneling protocol uses this service. AOLs Internet Messenger service. Authentication protocol used by some servers. Border Gateway Protocol. DHCP Client. DHCP Server. A popular videoconferencing solution from White Pines Software. Domain Name Server, a service that matches web names (e.g. www.zyxel.com) to IP numbers. The IPSEC ESP (Encapsulation Security Protocol) tunneling protocol uses this service. Finger is a UNIX or Internet related command that can be used to find out if a user is logged on. File Transfer Program, a program to enable fast transfer of files, including large files that may not be possible by e-mail. NetMeeting uses this protocol. Hyper Text Transfer Protocol - a client/

server protocol for the world wide web. HTTPS is a secured http session often used in e-commerce. Internet Control Message Protocol is often used for diagnostic purposes. This is a popular Internet chat program. Internet Group Multicast Protocol is used when sending packets to a specific group of hosts. The Internet Key Exchange algorithm is used for key distribution and management. The Internet Message Access Protocol is used for e-mail. This is a more secure version of IMAP4 that runs over SSL. This is another popular Internet chat program. P-320W v3 Users Guide Table 99 Examples of Services (continued) Appendix E Services NAME MSN Messenger PROTOCOL TCP PORT(S) DESCRIPTION 1863 NetBIOS NEW-ICQ NEWS NFS NNTP PING POP3 POP3S PPTP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP TCP/UDP TCP TCP UDP 137 138 139 445 5190 144 2049 TCP 119 User-Defined 1 TCP TCP TCP 110 995 1723 PPTP_TUNNEL

(GRE) User-Defined 47 RCMD REAL_AUDIO TCP TCP REXEC RLOGIN ROADRUNNER RTELNET RTSP TCP TCP TCP/UDP TCP TCP/UDP 512 7070 514 513 1026 107 554 Microsoft Networks messenger service uses this protocol. The Network Basic Input/Output System is used for communication between computers in a LAN. An Internet chat program. A protocol for news groups. Network File System - NFS is a client/

server distributed file service that provides transparent file sharing for network environments. Network News Transport Protocol is the delivery mechanism for the USENET newsgroup service. Packet INternet Groper is a protocol that sends out ICMP echo requests to test whether or not a remote host is reachable. Post Office Protocol version 3 lets a client computer get e-mail from a POP3 server through a temporary connection (TCP/IP or other). This is a more secure version of POP3 that runs over SSL. Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol enables secure transfer of data over public networks. This is the control channel. PPTP (Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol) enables secure transfer of data over public networks. This is the data channel. Remote Command Service. A streaming audio service that enables real time sound over the web. Remote Execution Daemon. Remote Login. This is an ISP that provides services mainly for cable modems. Remote Telnet. The Real Time Streaming (media control) Protocol (RTSP) is a remote control for multimedia on the Internet. P-320W v3 Users Guide 249 Appendix E Services Table 99 Examples of Services (continued) NAME SFTP PROTOCOL TCP PORT(S) DESCRIPTION 115 SMTP TCP 25 SMTPS SNMP TCP TCP/UDP SNMP-TRAPS TCP/UDP SQL-NET TCP SSDP UDP SSH STRM WORKS SYSLOG TCP/UDP UDP UDP TACACS TELNET UDP TCP TFTP UDP 465 161 162 1521 1900 22 1558 514 49 23 69 VDOLIVE TCP UDP 7000 user-

defined The Simple File Transfer Protocol is an old way of transferring files between computers. Simple Mail Transfer Protocol is the message-exchange standard for the Internet. SMTP enables you to move messages from one e-mail server to another. This is a more secure version of SMTP that runs over SSL. Simple Network Management Program. Traps for use with the SNMP

(RFC:1215). Structured Query Language is an interface to access data on many different types of database systems, including mainframes, midrange systems, UNIX systems and network servers. The Simple Service Discovery Protocol supports Universal Plug-and-Play

(UPnP). Secure Shell Remote Login Program. Stream Works Protocol. Syslog allows you to send system logs to a UNIX server. Login Host Protocol used for (Terminal Access Controller Access Control System). Telnet is the login and terminal emulation protocol common on the Internet and in UNIX environments. It operates over TCP/IP networks. Its primary function is to allow users to log into remote host systems. Trivial File Transfer Protocol is an Internet file transfer protocol similar to FTP, but uses the UDP (User Datagram Protocol) rather than TCP

(Transmission Control Protocol). A videoconferencing solution. The UDP port number is specified in the application. 250 P-320W v3 Users Guide APPENDIX F Legal Information Copyright Copyright 2009 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation. Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved. Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice. Trademarks ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners. Certifications Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

This device may not cause harmful interference. P-320W v3 Users Guide 251 Appendix F Legal Information This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations. This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. 4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. IEEE 802.11b or 802.11g operation of this product in the U.S.A. is firmware-

limited to channels 1 through 11. To comply with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, a separation distance of at least 20 cm must be maintained between the antenna of this device and all persons.

252 P-320W v3 Users Guide Appendix F Legal Information

Notices Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This device has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz network throughout the EC region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France. This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Cet appareil numrique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB-003 du Canada. Viewing Certifications 1 Go to http://www.zyxel.com. 2 Select your product on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page. 3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page. ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions. Note Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or P-320W v3 Users Guide 253 Appendix F Legal Information purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser. To obtain the services of this warranty, contact your vendor. You may also refer to the warranty policy for the region in which you bought the device at http://

www.zyxel.com/web/support_warranty_info.php. Registration Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products. 254 P-320W v3 Users Guide Index Index copyright 251 CTS (Clear to Send) 238 D Daylight saving 162 DDNS 157 see also Dynamic DNS DHCP 32, 89 DHCP server see also Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol DHCP client information 91 DHCP client list 91 DHCP server 86, 89 DHCP table 32, 91 DHCP client information DHCP status Dimensions 193 disclaimer 251 DNS 49 DNS server see also Domain name system Domain name 38 vs host name. see also system name Dynamic DNS 157 Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol 89 Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 242 DynDNS Wildcard 158 Numbers 802.11 Mode 71 A ActiveX 126 Alert 163 alternative subnet mask notation 210 AP 21 AP (Access Point) 237 AP+Bridge 21 B Backup configuration 181 Basic wireless security 42 Bridge/Repeater 21 BSS 235 C CA 242 Certificate Authority 242 certifications 251 notices 253 viewing 253 CFI (Canonical Format Indicator) 102 Channel 29, 237 E Interference 237 channel 56 Configuration backup 181 reset the factory defaults 183 restore 182 Cookies 126 P-320W v3 Users Guide EAP Authentication 241 Encryption 243 encryption 58 and local (user) database 58 key 58 WPA compatible 58 ESS 236 255 Index ESSID 190 Extended Service Set 236 Extended wireless security 43 F Factory LAN defaults 86 FCC interference statement 251 Firewall 117 Firewall overview guidelines 121 network security Stateful inspection 118 ZyXEL device firewall 118 Firmware upload 179 file extension using HTTP firmware version 29 Fragmentation Threshold 71, 239 G gateway 132 General wireless LAN screen 60 H Hidden Node 238 I IANA 216 IBSS 235 IEEE 802.11g 239 Independent Basic Service Set 235 Install UPnP 143 Windows Me 143 Windows XP 145 Internet Assigned Numbers Authority See IANA Internet connection Ethernet PPPoE. see also PPP over Ethernet PPTP WAN connection Internet connection wizard 43 IP Address 87, 97 IP address 49 dynamic IP Pool 90 J Java 126 L LAN 85 IP pool setup 86 LAN overview 85 LAN setup 85 LAN TCP/IP 86 local (user) database 57 and encryption 58 Local Area Network 85 Log 164 M MAC 68 MAC address 57 cloning 51 MAC address filter 57 MAC address filtering 68 MAC filter 68 managing the device good habits 22 using the web configurator. See web configurator. MBSSID 21 Media access control 68 Metric 133 256 P-320W v3 Users Guide Index mode 21 N NAT 93, 96, 215 overview 93 port forwarding 94 see also Network Address Translation server sets 94 NAT Traversal 142 Navigation Panel 30 navigation panel 30 Network Address Translation 93, 96 O operating mode 21 P Pairwise Master Key (PMK) 59 Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 44, 109 Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 46, 111 Pool Size 90 Port forwarding 94, 97 default server 94 example 94 local server 97 port numbers services Power Specification 193 PPPoE 44, 109 benefits 45 dial-up connection see also Point-to-Point Protocol over Ethernet 44 PPTP 46, 111 see also Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol 46 Preamble Mode 239 Private 133 product registration 254 R RADIUS 240 Shared Secret Key 241 RADIUS Message Types 241 RADIUS Messages 241 RADIUS server 57 registration product 254 related documentation 3 Remote management 135 and NAT 136 limitations 136 remote management session 135 system timeout 136 Reset button 27, 183 Reset the device 27 Restore configuration 182 Restrict Web Features 126 RF (Radio Frequency) 194 RoadRunner 108 Roaming 70 RTS (Request To Send) 238 RTS Threshold 238, 239 RTS/CTS Threshold 71 S safety warnings 7 Security Parameters 246 Service Set 61 Service Set IDentification 61 Service Set IDentity. See SSID. services and port numbers 247 and protocols 247 Simple Mail Transfer Protocol 166 SMTP 166 SNMP 121 SSID 29, 56, 61 Static Route 132 Status 28 subnet 207 P-320W v3 Users Guide 257 Index Subnet Mask 87 subnet mask 49, 208 subnetting 211 Summary DHCP table 32 Packet statistics 33, 35 Wireless station status 34 syntax conventions 5 System General Setup 158 System Name 159 System name 38 vs computer name System restart 183 T tagged VLAN 102 TCP/IP configuration 89 Temperature 193 Time setting 161 trademarks 251 trigger port 95 Trigger port forwarding 95 example 95 process 95 U Universal Plug and Play 141 Application 142 UPnP 141 Forum 142 security issues 142 URL Keyword Blocking 126 Use Authentication 244 user authentication 57 local (user) database 57 RADIUS server 57 User Name 160 V VID 102 number of possible VIDs 102 priority frame 102 VID (VLAN Identifier) 102 VLAN 101 ID 102 tagged 101 VPN 111 W WAN IP address assignment 48 WAN (Wide Area Network) 107 WAN advanced 114 WAN IP address 48 WAN IP address assignment 50 warranty 253 note 253 Web Configurator how to access 25 Overview 25 Web configurator navigating 27 web configurator 22 Web Proxy 126 WEP Encryption 63 WEP encryption 63 WEP key 63 Wildcard 158 Wireless association list 34 wireless channel 190 wireless LAN 190 Wireless LAN wizard 40 Wireless network basic guidelines 55 channel 56 encryption 58 example 55 MAC address filter 57 overview 55 security 56 258 P-320W v3 Users Guide Index SSID 56 Wireless security 56 overview 56 type 56 wireless security 190 Wireless tutorial 77 WPS 77 Wizard setup 37 complete 52 Internet connection 43 system information 38 wireless LAN 40 WLAN Interference 237 Security Parameters 246 WPA with RADIUS application example 59 WPA compatible 58 WPA, WPA2 243 WPA2 with RADIUS application example 59 WPA2-PSK application example 59 WPA-PSK application example 59 WPS 23 Z ZyNOS 29 P-320W v3 Users Guide 259 Index 260 P-320W v3 Users Guide