FCC ID: I88MAX100 2.5GHz WiMAX PCMCIA card

ZyXEL MAX-100 Series WiMAX PCMCIA Card Users Guide Version 1.00 Edition 1 03/2007 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Copyright Copyright 2007 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation. Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved. Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice. Trademarks ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners. Copyright 3 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Certifications Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:

This device may not cause harmful interference. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations. This device has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a residential installation. This device generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this device does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the device off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:

1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. 4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. FCC Radiation Exposure Statement This device has been tested to the FCC exposure requirements (Specific Absorption Rate). Testing was performed on laptop computers with antennas at 0mm spacing. The maximum SAR value is: 0.850W/kg. The device must not be collocated with any other antennas or transmitters. This equipment has been SAR-evaluated for use in laptops (notebooks) with side slot configuration. The device complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment, under 47 CFR 2.1093 paragraph (d)(2). End users must follow the specific operating instructions for satisfying RF exposure compliance. To maintain compliance with FCC RF exposure compliance requirements, please follow operation instruction as documented in this manual. This transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. 4 Certifications ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide

Notices Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This Class B digital apparatus complies with Canadian ICES-003. Cet appareil numrique de la classe B est conforme la norme NMB-003 du Canada. Viewing Certifications 1 Go to http://www.zyxel.com. 2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page. 3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page. Certifications 5 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Safety Warnings For your safety, be sure to read and follow all warning notices and instructions. Do NOT use this product near water, for example, in a wet basement or near a swimming pool. Do NOT expose your device to dampness, dust or corrosive liquids. Do NOT store things on the device. Do NOT install, use, or service this device during a thunderstorm. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Connect ONLY suitable accessories to the device. Do NOT open the device or unit. Opening or removing covers can expose you to dangerous high voltage points or other risks. ONLY qualified service personnel should service or disassemble this device. Please contact your vendor for further information. Do not use the device outside, and make sure all the connections are indoors. There is a remote risk of electric shock from lightning. Antenna Warning! This device meets ETSI and FCC certification requirements when using the included antenna(s). Only use the included antenna(s). This product is recyclable. Dispose of it properly. 6 Safety Warnings ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal or higher value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product has been modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions. Note Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind to the purchaser. To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to country. Registration Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products. ZyXEL Limited Warranty 7 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Customer Support Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support. Product model and serial number. Warranty Information. Date that you received your device. Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it. METHOD SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE LOCATION SALES E-MAIL FAX CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS

(WORLDWIDE) support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 sales@zyxel.com.tw

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+1-714-632-0882

+1-714-632-0858 www.us.zyxel.com ftp.us.zyxel.com REGULAR MAIL ZyXEL Communications Corp. 6 Innovation Road II Science Park Hsinchu 300 Taiwan ZyXEL Costa Rica Plaza Roble Escaz Etapa El Patio, Tercer Piso San Jos, Costa Rica ZyXEL Communications Czech s.r.o. Modransk 621 143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany Cesk Republika ZyXEL Communications A/S Columbusvej 2860 Soeborg Denmark ZyXEL Communications Oy Malminkaari 10 00700 Helsinki Finland ZyXEL France 1 rue des Vergers Bat. 1 / C 69760 Limonest France ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH. Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146 Wuerselen Germany ZyXEL Hungary 48, Zoldlomb Str. H-1025, Budapest Hungary ZyXEL Kazakhstan 43, Dostyk ave.,Office 414 Dostyk Business Centre 050010, Almaty Republic of Kazakhstan ZyXEL Communications Inc. 1130 N. Miller St. Anaheim CA 92806-2001 U.S.A. 8 Customer Support ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide METHOD SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONE LOCATION SALES E-MAIL FAX support@zyxel.no sales@zyxel.no

+47-22-80-61-80

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+380-44-494-49-32 www.zyxel.es www.zyxel.se www.ua.zyxel.com UNITED KINGDOM support@zyxel.co.uk sales@zyxel.co.uk

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+44-1344 303034 www.zyxel.co.uk ftp.zyxel.co.uk REGULAR MAIL ZyXEL Communications A/S Nils Hansens vei 13 0667 Oslo Norway ZyXEL Communications ul. Okrzei 1A 03-715 Warszawa Poland ZyXEL Russia Ostrovityanova 37a Str. Moscow, 117279 Russia ZyXEL Communications Arte, 21 5 planta 28033 Madrid Spain ZyXEL Communications A/S Sjporten 4, 41764 Gteborg Sweden ZyXEL Ukraine 13, Pimonenko Str. Kiev, 04050 Ukraine ZyXEL Communications UK Ltd.,11 The Courtyard, Eastern Road, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 2XB, United Kingdom (UK)

+ is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call. Customer Support 9 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 10 Customer Support ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Table of Contents Copyright .................................................................................................................. 3 Certifications ............................................................................................................ 4 Safety Warnings ....................................................................................................... 6 ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 7 Customer Support.................................................................................................... 8 Table of Contents ................................................................................................... 11 List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 13 List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 15 Preface .................................................................................................................... 17 Chapter 1 Getting Started ....................................................................................................... 19 1.1 About Your ZyXEL Device ................................................................................19 1.2 Application Overview ..........................................................................................19 1.3 ZyXEL Device Hardware ....................................................................................20 1.4 The ZyXEL Utility ...............................................................................................20 1.4.1 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility .....................................................................21 Chapter 2 Tutorial .................................................................................................................... 23 2.1 Connecting to the Internet ..................................................................................23 2.1.1 Set Up Your User Name and Password ...................................................23 2.1.2 Set Up Search Frequencies ......................................................................24 2.1.3 Confirm the Connection ............................................................................25 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration.......................................................................................... 27 3.1 WiMAX Overview ...............................................................................................27 3.2 ZyXEL Utility Summary .....................................................................................28 3.3 The Link Info Screen ..........................................................................................29 3.4 Frequency Settings ............................................................................................31 3.4.1 Frequency Ranges ...................................................................................31 3.5 The Site Survey Screen .....................................................................................32 Table of Contents 11 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 3.5.1 Site Survey: Manual ..................................................................................33 3.5.2 Site Survey: Express ................................................................................34 3.5.2.1 Using the Site Survey Screen (Express): Example .........................35 3.6 Authentication ....................................................................................................37 3.7 The Profile Screen .............................................................................................38 3.8 The Adapter Screen ...........................................................................................39 3.8.1 Uploading Firmware ..................................................................................40 Chapter 4 Maintenance ........................................................................................................... 43 4.1 The About Screen .............................................................................................43 4.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility ............................................................................43 4.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility ..............................................................................44 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting ..................................................................................................... 47 5.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility ...................................................................47 5.2 Problems Connecting to the Internet ..................................................................47 5.3 Problems with the Link Quality ...........................................................................48 Appendix A Product Specifications .......................................................................................... 49 Appendix B WiMAX Security...................................................................................................... 51 Appendix C Setting up Your Computers IP Address.............................................................. 55 Index........................................................................................................................ 61 12 Table of Contents ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide List of Tables Table 1 Models Covered ....................................................................................... 19 Table 2 The ZyXEL Device .................................................................................... 20 Table 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon ............................................................... 21 Table 4 Tutorial: Example Account Information ..................................................... 23 Table 5 ZyXEL Utility Summary ............................................................................. 29 Table 6 The Link Info Screen ................................................................................ 30 Table 7 Radio Frequency Conversion ................................................................... 31 Table 8 DL Frequency Example Settings .............................................................. 33 Table 9 The Site Survey Screen (Manual) ............................................................ 34 Table 10 The Site Survey Screen (Express) ......................................................... 35 Table 11 Example Supported Frequencies (GHz) ................................................. 35 Table 12 Example Frequency Settings .................................................................. 35 Table 13 The Profile Screen .................................................................................. 38 Table 14 The Adapter Screen ............................................................................... 40 Table 15 About ...................................................................................................... 43 Table 16 Troubleshooting Starting the ZyXEL Utility ............................................. 47 Table 17 Troubleshooting Internet Connection ...................................................... 47 Table 18 Troubleshooting Link Quality .................................................................. 48 Table 19 Product Specifications ............................................................................ 49 List of Tables 13 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 14 List of Tables ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide List of Figures Figure 1 Mobile Station and Base Station .............................................................. 19 Figure 2 The ZyXEL Device ................................................................................... 20 Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon .............................................................. 21 Figure 4 Tutorial: Profile Screen ............................................................................. 24 Figure 5 Tutorial: Site Survey Screen (Manual) ..................................................... 24 Figure 6 Tutorial: Completing the Manual Site Survey Screen .............................. 25 Figure 7 Tutorial: Link Info Screen ......................................................................... 25 Figure 8 WiMax: Mobile Station ............................................................................. 27 Figure 9 WiMAX: Multiple Mobile Stations ............................................................. 28 Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility Summary ......................................................................... 28 Figure 11 The Link Info Screen .............................................................................. 29 Figure 12 Frequency Ranges ................................................................................. 32 Figure 13 The Site Survey Screen (manual) .......................................................... 34 Figure 14 The Site Survey Screen (Express) ......................................................... 34 Figure 15 Search Example 1 .................................................................................. 36 Figure 16 Search Example 2 .................................................................................. 36 Figure 17 Frequency Values .................................................................................. 36 Figure 18 Automatic Completion ............................................................................ 37 Figure 19 Authentication ........................................................................................ 37 Figure 20 The Profile Screen ................................................................................ 38 Figure 21 The Adapter Screen ............................................................................... 39 Figure 22 Adapter: Upload Firmware ..................................................................... 40 Figure 23 About ..................................................................................................... 43 Figure 24 Uninstall: Confirm ................................................................................. 44 Figure 25 Uninstall: Finish ..................................................................................... 44 Figure 26 Windows XP: Start Menu ....................................................................... 55 Figure 27 Windows XP: Control Panel ................................................................... 56 Figure 28 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties ............ 56 Figure 29 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ................................... 57 Figure 30 Windows XP: Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties ................................ 57 Figure 31 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings .............................................. 58 Figure 32 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties .............................. 59 List of Figures 15 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 16 List of Figures ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Preface Congratulations on your purchase of the ZyXEL MAX-100 Series WiMAX PCMCIA Card. Your ZyXEL Device plugs into a PCMCIA port on your notebook computer and allows you to access WiMAX wireless networks. Your ZyXEL Device is easy to install and configure. About This User's Guide This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyXEL Device for its various applications. Related Documentation Supporting Disk Refer to the included CD for support documents. Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. It contains hardware installation/connection information. ZyXEL Web Site Please go to http://www.zyxel.com for product news, firmware, updated documents, and other support materials. User Guide Feedback Help us help you. E-mail all Users Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you. Syntax Conventions Enter means for you to type one or more characters. Select or Choose means for you to use one predefined choice. Mouse action sequences are denoted using a right angle bracket ( > ). For example, In Windows, click Start > Settings > Control Panel means first click the Start button, then point your mouse pointer to Settings and then click Control Panel. e.g., is a shorthand for for instance, and i.e., means that is or in other words. The ZyXEL MAX-100 Series WiMAX PCMCIA Card may be referred to as the ZyXEL Device or the device in this users guide. Preface 17 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Graphics Icons Key Computer Notebook Computer Wireless Base Station Wireless Signal Internet Cloud Server Router 18 Preface ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide CHAPTER 1 Getting Started This chapter introduces the ZyXEL Device and prepares you to use the ZyXEL utility. The ZyXEL utility is a tool that helps you configure your ZyXEL Device. 1.1 About Your ZyXEL Device The ZyXEL Device is an IEEE 802.16e compliant WiMAX wireless card for your notebook computer. See the appendix for detailed product specifications. At the time of writing this Users Guide covers the following models:

Table 1 Models Covered MAX-100 MAX-110 MAX-130 This Users Guide uses screens and example settings from the MAX-100 model. 1.2 Application Overview In a wireless metropolitan area network (MAN), the ZyXEL Device connects to a base station

(BS) for Internet access. The following diagram shows a notebook computer equipped with the ZyXEL Device connecting to the Internet through a base station BS1. Figure 1 Mobile Station and Base Station Chapter 1 Getting Started 19 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 1.3 ZyXEL Device Hardware Follow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide to install the ZyXEL utility and make hardware connections. Figure 2 The ZyXEL Device The following table describes the ZyXEL Device. Table 2 The ZyXEL Device LABEL DESCRIPTION A B C PCMCIA connector. 2dBi rotating antenna PWR LED ON OFF LINK LED ON D The ZyXEL Device is properly connected and receiving power. The ZyXEL Device is not receiving power. The ZyXEL Device has a connection with a base station. BLINKING The ZyXEL Device is connecting with a base station. OFF The ZyXEL Device does not have a connection with a base station. 1.4 The ZyXEL Utility After you install the ZyXEL utility and insert the ZyXEL Device, an icon appears in the system tray. Note: The ZyXEL utility system tray icon displays only when the ZyXEL Device is inserted properly. 20 Chapter 1 Getting Started Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide The color of the ZyXEL utility system tray icon indicates whether the ZyXEL Device is connected to a wireless network. Refer to the following table for details. Table 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon COLOR Orange Green Blue DESCRIPTION The ZyXEL Device is not connected to a wireless network, or is starting up. The ZyXEL Device is connected to a wireless network. The ZyXEL Device is connected to a wireless network, but is in power saving mode or changing its connection from one base station to another. See Section 3.3 on page 29 for information on WiMAX states. 1.4.1 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility Double-click on the ZyXEL utility icon in the system tray to open the ZyXEL utility. The ZyXEL utility screens are similar in all Microsoft Windows versions. Chapter 1 Getting Started 21 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 22 Chapter 1 Getting Started ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide CHAPTER 2 Tutorial The following example shows you how to configure settings to join a wireless network and access the Internet using the ZyXEL utility. 2.1 Connecting to the Internet There are three parts to this example, as follows:

1 Set up your user name and password (in the Profile screen). 2 Set up search frequencies (in the Site Survey screen). 3 Confirm the connection (in the Link Info screen). To access the Internet, you need information from your Internet Service Provider (ISP) about your account and the network. In this example, your ISP has given you the following information about your account:

Table 4 Tutorial: Example Account Information User name Password Anonymous Identity Available Frequencies Downlink Frequency Step User1234 xyz9876 anonymous@zyxel.com 2.5, 2.525, 2.6 and 2.625 gigahertz (GHz) 25 megahertz (MHz) See Section 3.4 on page 31 for more information on radio frequencies. 2.1.1 Set Up Your User Name and Password After you install the ZyXEL utility and then insert the ZyXEL Device (see the Quick Start Guide for details) follow the steps below to set up your user name and password. 1 Start the ZyXEL utility and click the Profile tab to open the screen shown next. Chapter 2 Tutorial 23 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 4 Tutorial: Profile Screen 2 In the User field, enter your user name (User1234) and in the Password field, enter your password (xyz9876). Select the Dont save user and password box if you dont want anyone who uses the ZyXEL Device on this computer to be able to access the Internet using your account details. Enter your Anonymous Identity

(anonymous@zyxel.com) and leave the other fields at their default values. Click the Save button. 2.1.2 Set Up Search Frequencies 1 Click the Site Survey tab to open the screen shown next. The Site Survey screen allows you to specify a set of frequencies to search for a connection to a base station. The Manual site survey screen displays. Figure 5 Tutorial: Site Survey Screen (Manual) 2 You have chosen to use the Manual site survey screen because you need to enter four different frequencies. See Section 3.5 on page 32 for more information on when to use the Manual or the Express site survey screen. In the DL Frequency [1] field, enter 2500000 (2500000 kilohertz (kHz) is equal to 2.5 gigahertz). In the DL Frequency [2] field, enter 2525000. In the DL Frequency [3] field, enter 2600000. 24 Chapter 2 Tutorial ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide In the DL Frequency [4] field, enter 2625000. Leave the rest of the DL Frequency fields at zero. Figure 6 Tutorial: Completing the Manual Site Survey Screen 3 Click Save. The ZyXEL Device stores your settings. 4 When the ZyXEL Device searches for available frequencies, it scans all frequencies from DL Frequency [1] to DL Frequency [4]. 2.1.3 Confirm the Connection 1 Click the Link Info tab. The screen appears as shown next. If the ZyXEL Device has successfully connected to a base station the indicators at the bottom of the screen show the strength and quality of the connection. Figure 7 Tutorial: Link Info Screen 2 Open your Internet browser and enter http://www.zyxel.com or the URL of any other web site in the address bar. If you are able to access the web site, your wireless connection is successfully configured. If you cannot access the web site, check the Troubleshooting section of this User's Guide. Chapter 2 Tutorial 25 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 26 Chapter 2 Tutorial ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide CHAPTER 3 Wireless Configuration This chapter discusses WiMAX and introduces each screen in the ZyXEL utility. See the Quick Start Guide for hardware and utility installation procedures. 3.1 WiMAX Overview WiMAX (Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access) is the IEEE 802.16 wireless networking standard, which provides high-bandwidth, wide-range wireless service across wireless Metropolitan Area Networks (MANs). ZyXEL is a member of the WiMAX Forum, the industry group dedicated to promoting and certifying interoperability of wireless broadband products. In a wireless MAN, a wireless-equipped computer is known either as a mobile station (MS) or a subscriber station (SS). Mobile stations use the IEEE 802.16e standard and are able to maintain connectivity while switching their connection from one base station to another base station (handover) while subscriber stations use other standards that do not have this capability

(IEEE 802.16-2004, for example). The following figure shows an MS-equipped notebook computer MS1 moving from base station BS1s coverage area and connecting to BS2. Figure 8 WiMax: Mobile Station WiMAX technology uses radio signals (around 2 to 10 GHz) to connect subscriber stations and mobile stations to local base stations. Numerous subscriber stations and mobile stations connect to the network through a single base station (BS), as in the following figure. Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 27 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 9 WiMAX: Multiple Mobile Stations A base station's coverage area can extend over many hundreds of meters, even under poor conditions. A base station provides network access to subscriber stations and mobile stations, and communicates with other base stations. 3.2 ZyXEL Utility Summary This section describes the ZyXEL utility. Figure 10 ZyXEL Utility Summary A B C 28 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 5 ZyXEL Utility Summary LABEL A Link Info Site Survey Profile Adapter About (

) B C DESCRIPTION Use these buttons to display the different screens in the utility. Use this screen to see your current connection status, configuration, and data rate statistics. Use these screens to configure wireless connection settings. Use this screen to configure wireless security and Internet access settings. Use this screen to see your ZyXEL Devices firmware version number, and to upload new firmware. Click this button to see your ZyXEL Devices driver and utility version number. Each utility screen displays here. When you first open the utility, the Link Info screen displays. If you have more than one ZyXEL Device connected to your computer, use this list to see details and configure settings of each ZyXEL Device currently connected. The ZyXEL Device you first insert is Card0, the second ZyXEL Device you install is Card1, etc. 3.3 The Link Info Screen Use this screen to see your current connection status, configuration, and data rate statistics. When the ZyXEL utility starts, the Link Info screen displays, showing the current configuration and connection status of your ZyXEL Device. If the fields in this screen are blank, the ZyXEL Device is not connected to a base station. Figure 11 The Link Info Screen Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 29 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6 The Link Info Screen LABEL WiMAX Network Status Operator ID BSID (Base Station IDentity) Cell ID Frequency MAC address WiMAX State DESCRIPTION These fields provide information about the ZyXEL Devices current network connection status. Every WiMAX service provider has a unique Operator ID number, which is broadcast by each base station it owns. You can only connect to the Internet through base stations belonging to your service providers network. This field displays the identification number of the wireless base station to which the ZyXEL Device is connected. Every base station transmits a unique BSID, which identifies it across the network. A base stations coverage area can be divided into multiple cells. This field shows the identification number of the cell in which the ZyXEL Device is connected. The Cell ID is transmitted by the base station. This field displays the radio frequency of the current wireless connection. This field displays the Media Access Control (MAC) address of the ZyXEL Device. Every network device has a unique MAC address which identifies it across the network. This field displays the status of the ZyXEL Devices current connection. NA: the ZyXEL Device is starting up. Fail: The ZyXEL Device is unable to connect to a base station. Initial Synchronization: the ZyXEL Device is attempting to locate a base station. Initial DCD (Downlink Channel Descriptor): the ZyXEL Device has located a base station and is receiving information about a possible downlink connection. Initial UCD (Uplink Channel Descriptor): the ZyXEL Device is receiving information from the base station about a possible uplink connection. Initial Ranging and Calibration: the ZyXEL Device and the base station are transmitting and receiving information about the distance between them. Ranging allows the ZyXEL Device to use a lower transmission power level when communicating with a nearby base station, and a higher transmission power level when communicating with a distant base station. Initial Negotiation: the ZyXEL Device and the base station are exchanging information about their capabilities. Initial PKM (Privacy Key Management): the ZyXEL Device and the base station are exchanging security information. Initial Registration: the ZyXEL Device is registering with a RADIUS server. Running: the ZyXEL Device has successfully registered with the base station. Traffic can now flow between the ZyXEL Device and the base station. Sleep: the ZyXEL Device is in power saving mode, but periodically checks whether a base station has traffic waiting. Idle: the ZyXEL Device is in power saving mode, but can connect when a base station alerts it that there is traffic waiting. Handover: the ZyXEL Device is moving from one coverage area to another, and is connecting to the new base station. Bandwidth Statistics This field shows the size of the bandwidth step the ZyXEL Device uses to connect to a base station in megahertz (MHz). These fields provide information on the ZyXEL Devices wireless signal status. 30 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Table 6 The Link Info Screen (continued) LABEL CINR mean DESCRIPTION This field shows the average Carrier to Interference plus Noise Ratio (CINR) of the current connection. This value is an indication of overall radio signal quality. A higher value indicates a higher signal quality, and a lower value indicates a lower signal quality. RSSI UL Data Rate DL Data Rate CINR deviation This field shows the amount of change in the CINR level. This value is an indication of radio signal stability. A lower number indicates a more stable signal, and a higher number indicates a less stable signal. This field shows the Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI). This value is a measurement of overall radio signal strength. A higher RSSI level indicates a stronger signal, and a lower RSSI level indicates a weaker signal. This field shows the number of data packets uploaded from the ZyXEL Device to the base station each second. This field shows the number of data packets downloaded to the ZyXEL Device from the base station each second. This field shows the Packet Error Rate (PER). The PER is the percentage of data packets transmitted across the network but not successfully received. This field shows the output transmission (Tx) level of the ZyXEL Device. This bar shows the current Received Signal Strength Indication (RSSI). Signal strength depends mainly on the antenna output power and the distance between your ZyXEL Device and the base station. This bar shows the quality of the wireless connection. This refers to the percentage of packets transmitted successfully. If there are too many wireless stations in a wireless network, collisions may occur which could result in a loss of messages even though you have high signal strength. Tx Power PER Signal Strength Link Quality 3.4 Frequency Settings In a WiMAX network, a mobile or subscriber station must use a radio frequency supported by the base station to communicate. When the ZyXEL Device looks for a connection to a base station, it searches a range of frequencies. Radio frequency is measured in hertz (Hz), kilohertz (kHz), megahertz (MHz) and gigahertz

(GHz). Table 7 Radio Frequency Conversion 1 kHz = 1000 Hz 1 MHz = 1000 kHz (1000000 Hz) 1 GHz = 1000 MHz (1000000 kHz) 3.4.1 Frequency Ranges The following figure shows the ZyXEL Device searching a range of frequencies to find a connection to a base station. Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 31 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 12 Frequency Ranges In this figure, A is the WiMAX frequency range. WiMAX frequency range refers to the entire range of frequencies the ZyXEL Device is capable of using to transmit and receive (see the Product Specifications appendix for details). In the figure, B shows the operator frequency range. This is the range of frequencies within the WiMAX frequency range supported by your operator (service provider). The operator range is subdivided into bandwidth steps. In the figure, each C is a bandwidth step. The arrow D shows the ZyXEL Device searching for a connection. Have the ZyXEL Device search only certain frequencies by configuring the downlink frequencies. Your operator can give you information on the supported frequencies. The downlink frequencies are points of the frequency range your ZyXEL Device searches for an available connection. Use the site survey screen to set these bands. You can set the downlink frequencies anywhere within the WiMAX frequency range. In this example, the downlink frequencies have been set to search all of the operator range for a connection. 3.5 The Site Survey Screen Click the Site Survey tab. Use these screens to configure wireless connection settings. When you want to have the ZyXEL Device search for a connection to a base station, you have the following options. Use the Manual site survey screen to type in settings yourself. Do this if you want to configure the ZyXEL Device to scan frequencies that are not in a range (for example, 2.55 GHz, 2.525 GHz, 2.65GHz and 2.675 GHz). See Section 2.1 on page 23 for an example of using the Manual screen. or 32 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Use the Express site survey screen to set the ZyXEL Device to scan a specified range of frequencies automatically. Do this if your service provider has given you details of an available frequency range in your region (for example, 2.55 ~ 2.6 GHz with a bandwidth step of 25MHz). See Section 3.5.2.1 on page 35 for an example of using the Express screen. 3.5.1 Site Survey: Manual Use this screen to define radio frequencies to be searched for available wireless connections. The ZyXEL Device searches the DL Frequency settings in ascending numerical order, from [1] to [9]. If you enter a 0 in a DL Frequency field, the ZyXEL Device immediately moves on to the next DL Frequency field. When the ZyXEL Device connects to a base station, the values in this screen are automatically set to the base stations frequency. The next time the ZyXEL Device searches for a connection, it searches only this frequency. If you want the ZyXEL Device to search other frequencies, enter them in the DL Frequency fields. The following table describes some examples of DL Frequency settings. Table 8 DL Frequency Example Settings EXAMPLE 1 DL Frequency [1]: 2500000 DL Frequency [2]: 2550000 DL Frequency [3] 0 DL Frequency [4: 0 DL Frequency [5]: 0 The ZyXEL Device searches at 2500000 kHz, and then searches at 2550000 kHz if it has not found a connection. EXAMPLE 2 2500000 2550000 2600000 0 0 The ZyXEL Device searches at 2500000 kHz and then at 2550000 kHz if it has not found an available connection. If it still does not find an available connection, it searches at 2600000 kHz. Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 33 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 13 The Site Survey Screen (manual) The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 The Site Survey Screen (Manual) LABEL Site Information DL Frequency

[1-9]

Express Save DESCRIPTION These fields show the downlink frequency settings in kilohertz (kHz). Enter values in these fields to have the ZyXEL Device scan these frequencies for available channels in ascending numerical order. Contact your service provider for details of supported frequencies. Click this button to go to the Express site survey screen. Click this button to save your wireless settings. 3.5.2 Site Survey: Express Click Site Survey > Express. Use this screen to set the ZyXEL Device to automatically search a range of frequencies for an available connection to a base station. Figure 14 The Site Survey Screen (Express) 34 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 The Site Survey Screen (Express) LABEL DL Frequency Start DL Frequency Stop DL Frequency Step Manual Finish DESCRIPTION Use this field to set the low end of the frequency range (in kilohertz). Use this field to set the high end of the frequency range (in kilohertz). Use this field to set the step size between DL Frequency values (in kilohertz). The step size is the difference between two adjacent DL Frequency values. The Site Survey (Express) screen automatically creates a maximum of nine frequency bands. Therefore, make sure that the DL Frequency Step setting is no less than one-ninth of the difference between the DL Frequency start and DL Frequency stop values. Click this button to return to the Manual site survey screen. Your settings in the Express screen will not be saved. Click this button to return to the Manual screen. Your settings will be displayed in the DL frequency [1-9] fields. You still need to save your settings. 3.5.2.1 Using the Site Survey Screen (Express): Example In this example, your Internet service provider has given you a range of supported frequencies, as follows. Table 11 Example Supported Frequencies (GHz) Start Stop 2.525 2.6 You have chosen to use the Express site survey screen, as you have a single frequency range to search for a connection. 1 You need to enter the frequency settings your ISP gave you. 1GHz is equal to 1000000 kilohertz (kHz), so enter 2525000 in the DL Frequency Start field and enter 2600000 in the DL frequency Stop field. Table 12 Example Frequency Settings Start Stop 2.525 GHz = 2525000 kHz 2.6 GHz

= 2600000 kHz The ZyXEL Device splits this range of frequencies into (at most) eight bands between DL Frequency Start and DL Frequency Stop (this gives nine search points). The gap between these points is controlled by the DL Frequency Step value. The ZyXEL Device searches each of the points (the blue lines in the following figure) for a connection as shown. Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 35 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 15 Search Example 1 The ZyXEL Device uses only the first nine points between DL Frequency Start and DL Frequency Stop, so if the DL Frequency Step is too small the rest of the range is not searched, as in the following figure. The arrow shows the ZyXEL Device searching the first nine points, and the cross shows the points that are not searched. Figure 16 Search Example 2 2 Your ISP gave you 25 MHZ as the downlink frequency step, so leave the DL Frequency Step field at its default (25 MHz = 25000 kHz). Figure 17 Frequency Values 3 Click Finish to return to the Manual screen. The DL Frequency fields have been automatically filled in. 36 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration Figure 18 Automatic Completion ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 4 Click Save to save your settings to the ZyXEL Device. The ZyXEL Device scans for a connection in the order on the screen. When it finds one, the fields in this screen are automatically set to use that frequency. 3.6 Authentication When authenticating a user, the base station uses a third-party RADIUS or Diameter server known as an AAA (Authentication, Authorization and Accounting) server to authenticate the mobile or subscriber stations. WiMAX uses PKM (Privacy Key Management) for authentication between the mobile or subscriber station and the base station, and supports EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) between the mobile or subscriber station, the base station, and the AAA server. The following figure shows a base station using an AAA server to authenticate mobile station MS, allowing it to access the Internet. Figure 19 Authentication In this figure, the dashed arrow shows the PKM secured connection between the mobile station and the base station, and the solid arrow shows the EAP secured connection between the mobile station, the base station and the AAA server. See the WiMAX security appendix for more details. Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 37 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 3.7 The Profile Screen Click the Profile tab. Use this screen to configure wireless security and Internet access settings. A profile is a set of wireless parameters that you need to connect to a wireless network. Use the settings given to you by your Internet service provider. If you do not configure the profile, each time you start the ZyXEL Device it uses the default user name and password to try to connect to any available network. Figure 20 The Profile Screen The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 13 The Profile Screen LABEL User Password Dont save user and password Anonymous Identity PKM Authentication DESCRIPTION Enter the user name associated with your Internet access account. Enter the password associated with your Internet access account. Select this box if you want to enter your user name and password every time you use the ZyXEL Device on this computer. If you do not select this box, anyone using the ZyXEL Device on this computer can use your Internet account to access the Internet. Enter the anonymous identity provided by your Internet Service Provider. Anonymous identity (also known as outer identity) is used with EAP-TTLS encryption. The anonymous identity is used to route your authentication request to the correct authentication server, and does not reveal your real user name. Your real user name and password are encrypted in the TLS tunnel, and only the anonymous identity can be seen. Leave this field blank if your ISP did not give you an anonymous identity to use. This field displays the Privacy Key Management version number. See the WiMAX security appendix for more information. This field displays the user authentication method. 38 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Table 13 The Profile Screen (continued) LABEL TTLS Inner EAP Save DESCRIPTION Select the type of inner authentication to be used from the drop-down list box. Check with your service provider if you are unsure of the correct setting for your account. The ZyXEL Device supports the following inner authentication types:

CHAP (Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol) EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) MSCHAP (Microsoft CHAP) MSCHAP2 (Microsoft CHAP version2) PAP (Password Authentication Protocol) Click this button to save your profile settings. 3.8 The Adapter Screen Click the Adapter tab. Use this screen to see your ZyXEL Devices firmware version number, and to upload new firmware. The firmware determines the devices available features and functionality. You can download new firmware releases from your nearest ZyXEL FTP site (or www.zyxel.com) to use to upgrade your devices performance. Note: Only use firmware for your devices specific model. Refer to the label on your ZyXEL Device. Figure 21 The Adapter Screen Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 39 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 14 The Adapter Screen LABEL Version Image File Name Progress Start DESCRIPTION This is the version number of the firmware the ZyXEL Device is currently using. This shows the file name of the firmware you are uploading. This shows the amount of the firmware file that has been uploaded. Note: Do not turn off or remove the ZyXEL Device while firmware upload is in progress!

Click this to select a firmware file and upload it to the ZyXEL Device. 3.8.1 Uploading Firmware Take the following steps to upload new firmware to the ZyXEL Device. 1 Save the new firmware in the ZyXEL Devices directory on your computer. The default directory is C:\Program Files\ZyXEL\MAX-100 Series\. If the firmware is in a compressed (.zip) file, you need to decompress (unzip) it. The ZyXEL Device firmware is a binary (.bin) file. 2 Open the ZyXEL Device utility and click the Adapter tab. Click Start when you are ready to upload. A window similar to the following appears. Figure 22 Adapter: Upload Firmware 3 Locate the firmware file and click Open. 4 The firmwares filename appears in the Image File Name field. The progress bar displays how much of the file has uploaded. This may take several minutes. 40 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Note: Do NOT unplug your ZyXEL Device or turn off the computer while firmware upload is in progress! This may PERMANENTLY DAMAGE your device!

5 When the upload is finished, restart your ZyXEL Device (unplug it then plug it back in). Open the utility and click the Adapter tab. Check that the Version field displays the filename of the new firmware. Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration 41 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 42 Chapter 3 Wireless Configuration ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide CHAPTER 4 Maintenance This chapter describes the About screen and how to uninstall or upgrade the ZyXEL utility. 4.1 The About Screen The About screen displays the driver and utility version numbers of the ZyXEL Device. To display the screen as shown below, click the About (

) button. Figure 23 About The following table describes the read-only fields in this screen. Table 15 About LABEL Driver version Utility version DESCRIPTION This field displays the version number of the ZyXEL Device driver. The driver is a piece of software your computer needs to communicate with the ZyXEL Device. This field displays the version number of the ZyXEL utility. The ZyXEL utility is software you use to configure your ZyXEL Device. 4.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility Follow the steps below to remove (or uninstall) the ZyXEL utility from your computer. Note: Before you uninstall the ZyXEL utility, make a copy of your current wireless configurations. Chapter 4 Maintenance 43 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 1 Click Start, (All) Programs, ZyXEL ZyXEL Device Utility, Uninstall ZyXEL ZyXEL Device Utility. 2 When prompted, click OK or Yes to remove the driver and the utility software. Figure 24 Uninstall: Confirm 3 Click Finish to complete uninstalling the software and restart the computer when prompted. Figure 25 Uninstall: Finish 4.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility To perform the upgrade, follow the steps below. 1 Download the latest version of the utility from the ZyXEL web site and save the file on your computer. Note: Before you uninstall the ZyXEL utility, make a copy of your current wireless configurations. 2 Follow the steps in Section 4.2 on page 43 to remove the current ZyXEL utility from your computer. Restart your computer when prompted. 3 Disconnect the ZyXEL Device from your computer. 4 Double-click on the setup program for the new utility to start the ZyXEL utility installation. 44 Chapter 4 Maintenance ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 5 Insert the ZyXEL Device and check the version numbers in the About screen to make sure the new utility is installed properly. Chapter 4 Maintenance 45 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 46 Chapter 4 Maintenance ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide CHAPTER 5 Troubleshooting This chapter covers potential problems and the possible remedies. After each problem description, some instructions are provided to help you to diagnose and to solve the problem. 5.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility Table 16 Troubleshooting Starting the ZyXEL Utility PROBLEM Cannot start the ZyXEL utility The ZyXEL utility icon does not display. CORRECTIVE ACTION Make sure the ZyXEL Device is properly inserted and the PWR LED is on. Use the Device Manager to check for possible hardware conflicts. Click Start, Settings, Control Panel, System, Hardware and Device Manager. Verify the status of the ZyXEL Device under Network Adapter. (Steps may vary depending on the version of Windows). Install the ZyXEL utility and the ZyXEL Device in another computer and attempt to start the utility. If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case, you should contact your local vendor. Restart your computer and insert the ZyXEL Device. If the icon still does not display, uninstall (remove) and re-install the ZyXEL utility. 5.2 Problems Connecting to the Internet Table 17 Troubleshooting Internet Connection PROBLEM I cannot access the Internet. CORRECTIVE ACTION Check your connection. Open the ZyXEL utility and check the Link Info screen. If the ZyXEL Device cannot detect a signal, you are not connected to a base station. Use the following steps to make sure you are using the correct settings. Check your security settings. Open the Profile screen in the ZyXEL utility and make sure that you are using the correct security settings for your Internet account. Check your frequency settings. The ZyXEL Device may have been set to search the wrong frequencies for a wireless connection. Open the Site Survey screen in the ZyXEL utility and ensure that the values are correct. If you are unsure of the correct values, contact your service provider. Check your IP settings. You may be using IP address settings incompatible with your Internet account. If you are unsure of the correct settings, contact your service provider. See Appendix C on page 55 for information on how to set up your IP address. Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 47 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 5.3 Problems with the Link Quality Table 18 Troubleshooting Link Quality PROBLEM Internet access is slow or intermittent. CORRECTIVE ACTION The quality of the ZyXEL Devices wireless connection to the base station may be poor. Use the Link Info screen in the ZyXEL utility to see information about your wireless connection. Poor signal reception may be improved by changing the position of the antenna, or moving the ZyXEL Device away from thick walls and other obstructions or to a higher floor in your building. There may be radio interference caused by nearby electrical devices such as microwave ovens and radio transmitters. Move the ZyXEL Device away or switch the other devices off. Weather conditions may also affect signal quality. 48 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide APPENDIX A Product Specifications Table 19 Product Specifications PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL Product Name Interface Standards Antenna Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Humidity Storage Humidity Power Dimensions RADIO SPECIFICATIONS Media Access Protocol WiMAX Frequency Range Data Rate Modulation Output Power Duplex mode SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS Device Drivers Security System Requirements ZyXEL MAX-100 Series WiMAX PCMCIA Card 3.3V 16-bit PCMCIA card IEEE 802.16e-2005 1 X 2dBi omni dipole antenna 0 ~ 45 degrees C

-25 ~ 55 degrees C 10% ~ 90% (non-condensing) 10% ~ 95%

Maximum 2W 58 x 125 x 10mm IEEE 802.16e MAX-100: 2.5 ~ 2.7 GHz MAX-110: 3.4 ~ 3.6 GHz MAX-130: 2.3 ~ 2.4 GHz Downlink: Maximum 5Mbps Uplink: Maximum 2Mbps QPSK (upload and download) 16-QAM (upload and download) 64-QAM (download only) 23dBm (+/- 1dB) Time Division Duplex (TDD) Windows 2000 (Service Pack 4 or later) Windows XP (Service Pack 2 or later) PKMv2 EAP CCMP, 128-bit AES Pentium II 300 MHz or above PCMCIA port Minimum 20 MB available hard disk space Minimum 32 MB RAM CD-ROM drive Appendix A 49 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 50 Appendix A ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide APPENDIX B WiMAX Security Wireless security is vital to protect your wireless communications. Without it, information transmitted over the wireless network would be accessible to any networking device within range. User Authentication and Data Encryption The WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) standard employs user authentication and encryption to ensure secured communication at all times. User authentication is the process of confirming a users identity and level of authorization. Data encryption is the process of encoding information so that it cannot be read by anyone who does not know the code. WiMAX uses PKMv2 (Privacy Key Management version 2) for authentication, and CCMP

(Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Protocol) for data encryption. WiMAX also supports EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol, RFC 2486) which allows additional authentication methods to be deployed with no changes to the base station or the mobile or subscriber stations. PKMv2 CCMP PKMv2 is a procedure that allows authentication of a mobile or subscriber station and negotiation of a public key to encrypt traffic between the MS/SS and the base station. PKMv2 uses standard EAP methods such as Transport Layer Security (EAP-TLS) or Tunneled TLS

(EAP-TTLS) for secure communication. In cryptography, a key is a piece of information, typically a string of random numbers and letters, that can be used to lock (encrypt) or unlock (decrypt) a message. Public key encryption uses key pairs, which consist of a public (freely available) key and a private

(secret) key. The public key is used for encryption and the private key is used for decryption. You can decrypt a message only if you have the private key. Public key certificates (or digital IDs) allow users to verify each others identity. All traffic in a WiMAX network is encrypted using CCMP (Counter Mode with Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication Protocol). CCMP is based on the 128-bit Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) algorithm. 51 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Counter mode refers to the encryption of each block of plain text with an arbitrary number, known as the counter. This number changes each time a block of plain text is encrypted. Counter mode avoids the security weakness of repeated identical blocks of encrypted text that makes encrypted data vulnerable to pattern-spotting. Cipher Block Chaining Message Authentication (also known as CBC-MAC) ensures message integrity by encrypting each block of plain text in such a way that its encryption is dependent on the block before it. This series of chained blocks creates a message authentication code (MAC or CMAC) that ensures the encrypted data has not been tampered with. Security Association The set of information about user authentication and data encryption between two computers is known as a security association (SA). In a WiMAX network, the process of security association has three stages. Authorization request and reply The MS/SS presents its public certificate to the base station. The base station verifies the certificate and sends an authentication key (AK) to the MS/SS. Key request and reply The MS/SS requests a transport encryption key (TEK) which the base station generates and encrypts using the authentication key. Encrypted traffic The MS/SS decrypts the TEK (using the authentication key). Both stations can now securely encrypt and decrypt the data flow. RADIUS RADIUS is based on a client-server model that supports authentication, authorization and accounting (AAA). The base station is the client and the server is the RADIUS server. The RADIUS server handles the following tasks:

Authentication Determines the identity of the users. Authorization Determines the network services available to authenticated users once they are connected to the network. Accounting Keeps track of the clients network activity. 52 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide RADIUS is a simple package exchange in which your base station acts as a message relay between the MS/SS and the network RADIUS server. Types of RADIUS Messages The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the base station and the RADIUS server for user authentication:

Access-Request Sent by a base station requesting authentication. Access-Reject Sent by a RADIUS server rejecting access. Access-Accept Sent by a RADIUS server allowing access. Access-Challenge Sent by a RADIUS server requesting more information in order to allow access. The base station sends a proper response from the user and then sends another Access-Request message. The following types of RADIUS messages are exchanged between the base station and the RADIUS server for user accounting:

Accounting-Request Sent by the base station requesting accounting. Accounting-Response Sent by the RADIUS server to indicate that it has started or stopped accounting. In order to ensure network security, the access point and the RADIUS server use a shared secret key, which is a password they both know. The key is not sent over the network. In addition to the shared key, password information exchanged is also encrypted to protect the network from unauthorized access. Diameter Diameter (RFC 3588) is a type of AAA server that provides several improvements over RADIUS in efficiency, security, and support for roaming. EAP Authentication Types The type of authentication you use depends on the AAA server. 53 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security) With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless clients for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the senders identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead. EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service) EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done by sending user name and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2. See Section 3.7 on page 38 for details. 54 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide APPENDIX C Setting up Your Computers IP Address All computers must have TCP/IP installed. Windows 2000 and Windows XP usually include TCP/IP. Configure the TCP/IP settings in order to communicate with your network. Windows 2000/XP 1 Click start (Start in Windows 2000), Control Panel. Figure 26 Windows XP: Start Menu 2 Click Network Connections (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000). 55 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 27 Windows XP: Control Panel 3 Right-click Local Area Connection and then click Properties. Figure 28 Windows XP: Control Panel: Network Connections: Properties 4 Select Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) (under the General tab in Win XP) and click Properties. 56 Figure 29 Windows XP: Local Area Connection Properties ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 5 The Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP) opens. Figure 30 Windows XP: Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties If you have a dynamic IP address click Obtain an IP address automatically. If you have a static IP address click Use the following IP Address and fill in the IP address, Subnet mask, and Default gateway fields. Click Advanced. 57 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Figure 31 Windows XP: Advanced TCP/IP Settings 6 If you do not know your gateway's IP address, remove any previously installed gateways in the IP Settings tab and click OK. Do one or more of the following if you want to configure additional IP addresses:

In the IP Settings tab, in IP addresses, click Add. In TCP/IP Address, type an IP address in IP address and a subnet mask in Subnet mask, and then click Add. Repeat the above two steps for each IP address you want to add. Configure additional default gateways in the IP Settings tab by clicking Add in Default gateways. In TCP/IP Gateway Address, type the IP address of the default gateway in Gateway. To manually configure a default metric (the number of transmission hops), clear the Automatic metric check box and type a metric in Metric. Click Add. Repeat the previous three steps for each default gateway you want to add. Click OK when finished. 7 In the Internet Protocol TCP/IP Properties window (the General tab in Windows XP):

Click Obtain DNS server address automatically if you do not know your DNS server IP address(es). 58 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide If you know your DNS server IP address(es), click Use the following DNS server addresses, and type them in the Preferred DNS server and Alternate DNS server fields. If you have previously configured DNS servers, click Advanced and then the DNS tab to order them. Figure 32 Windows XP: Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties 8 Click OK to close the Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties window. 9 Click Close (OK in Windows 2000) to close the Local Area Connection Properties window. 10Close the Network Connections window (Network and Dial-up Connections in Windows 2000). 11Restart your computer (if prompted). Verifying Settings 1 Click Start, All Programs, Accessories and then Command Prompt. 2 In the Command Prompt window, type "ipconfig" and then press [ENTER]. You can also open Network Connections, right-click a network connection, click Status and then click the Support tab. 59 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide 60 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide Index certificate 51 verification 52 Certificate Authority see CA certifications 4 notices 5 viewing 5 chaining 52 chaining message authentication see CCMP CMAC see MAC configuration 27 statistics 29 connection 17, 20 status 21, 29 contact information 8 copyright 3 counter mode see CCMP coverage area 27 cryptography 51 customer support 8 D data encryption 51, 52 data flow 52 data rate 49 statistics 29 decryption 51, 52 default values 24 Diameter 37 digital ID 51 dimensions 49 disclaimer 3 DL frequency 24, 25 download frequency see DL frequency driver 43, 49 duplex 49 61 A AAA 37 about 43 about your ZyXEL Device 19 account details 24 accounting server see AAA adapter 39 advanced encryption standard see AES AES 51 AK 52 anonymous identity 38 antenna 49 application example 23 authentication 37, 38, 51 inner 38, 53 types 53 authentication key see AK authentication server see AAA authorization 51 authorization request and reply 52 authorization server see AAA B base station see BS BS 27 links 27 C CA 54 CBC-MAC 52 CCMP 51, 52 CD 17 cell 27 Index ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide E EAP 37, 38 encoding 51 encryption 51, 52 environmental specifications 49 extensible authorization protocol see EAP F FCC interference statement 4 firmware 29, 39 frequency 49 frequency band 25 scanning 25 frequency ranges 24, 25 G graphics icons 18 H hardware 17, 20 humidity 49 I icons 18, 20 identity 37, 51 IEEE 802.16 19, 27, 51 IEEE 802.16e 27 inner authentication 53 installation 17, 20 interface 49 interference 48 Internet access 23, 24, 37 Internet Service Provider see ISP interoperability 27 introduction 19 62 ISP 23 K key 51 key request and reply 52 L link quality troubleshooting 48 M MAC 52 MAN 27 manual site survey 24, 25 media access protocol 49 message authentication code see MAC message integrity 52 Metropolitan Area Network see MAN Microsoft Windows 21 microwave 27 mobile station see MS modulation 49 MS 27 N network activity 37 network adapter 19 network services 37 notebook computer 19 O operating humidity 49 operating temperature 49 Index output power 49 settings 29 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide P password 38 pattern-spotting 52 PCMCIA 17, 49 physical specifications 49 PKM 38 PKMv2 37, 51, 53 plain text encryption 52 power 49 privacy key management see PKM private key 51 product registration 7 product specifications see specifications profile 38 public certificate 52 public key 51 Q Quick Start Guide 17, 20 R radio specifications 49 RADIUS 37, 52 shared secret key 53 RADIUS messages 53 reception 48 registration product 7 related documentation 17 S safety warnings 6 secure communication 51 secure connection 37 security 49, 51 Index security association 52 see SA services 37 settings frequency 24 Internet access 29 security 29 signal quality 25 signal strength 25 site survey 23, 24 specifications 49 physical and environmental 49 radio 49 SS 27 standards 49 storage humidity 49 storage temperature 49 subscriber station see SS support 17 syntax conventions 17 system tray 20 T tabs 23, 24 tampering TDD 49 TEK 52 temperature 49 terms 17 Time Division Duplex see TDD TLS 51 trademarks 3 transport encryption key see TEK transport layer security see TLS troubleshooting 47 Internet connection 47 link quality 48 ZyXEL utility 47 TTLS 38, 51, 53 tunneled TLS see TTLS tutorial 23 63 ZyXEL MAX-100 Series Users Guide U unauthorized device 51 upgrading 44 user authentication 51 user name 23, 24, 38 W warranty 7 note 7 weather conditions 48 WiMAX 17, 19, 27 security 52 WiMAX Forum 27 wireless configuration 27 wireless connection status 25 Wireless Interoperability for Microwave Access see WiMAX wireless Metropolitan Area Network see MAN wireless network 23 access 27 standard 27 wireless network adapter 19 wireless security 49, 51 Z ZyXEL Device about 19 ZyXEL utility 19, 20, 23, 27 access 21 icon 20 status 21 summary 28 troubleshooting 47 upgrading 44 version number 43 64 Index