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ZyXEL G-260 802.11g Wireless USB 2.0 Adapter Users Guide Version 1.00 12/2005 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Copyright Copyright 2005 by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. The contents of this publication may not be reproduced in any part or as a whole, transcribed, stored in a retrieval system, translated into any language, or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, magnetic, optical, chemical, photocopying, manual, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of ZyXEL Communications Corporation. Published by ZyXEL Communications Corporation. All rights reserved. Disclaimer ZyXEL does not assume any liability arising out of the application or use of any products, or software described herein. Neither does it convey any license under its patent rights nor the patent rights of others. ZyXEL further reserves the right to make changes in any products described herein without notice. This publication is subject to change without notice. Trademarks ZyNOS (ZyXEL Network Operating System) is a registered trademark of ZyXEL Communications, Inc. Other trademarks mentioned in this publication are used for identification purposes only and may be properties of their respective owners. Copyright 2 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement The device complies with Part 15 of FCC rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
This device may not cause harmful interference. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operations. This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a commercial environment. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy, and if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to radio/television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
1 Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna. 2 Increase the separation between the equipment and the receiver. 3 Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected. 4 Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help. Notice 1 Changes or modifications not expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user's authority to operate the equipment. This product has been designed for the WLAN 2.4 GHz network throughout the EC region and Switzerland, with restrictions in France. Caution 1 The equipment complies with FCC RF radiation exposure limits set forth for an uncontrolled environment, under 47 CFR 2.1093 paragraph (d)(2). 2 This Transmitter must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. 3 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Certifications 1 Go to www.zyxel.com 2 Select your product from the drop-down list box on the ZyXEL home page to go to that product's page. 3 Select the certification you wish to view from this page
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement 4 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL warrants to the original end user (purchaser) that this product is free from any defects in materials or workmanship for a period of up to two (2) years from the date of purchase. During the warranty period, and upon proof of purchase, should the product have indications of failure due to faulty workmanship and/or materials, ZyXEL will, at its discretion, repair or replace the defective products or components without charge for either parts or labor, and to whatever extent it shall deem necessary to restore the product or components to proper operating condition. Any replacement will consist of a new or re-manufactured functionally equivalent product of equal value, and will be solely at the discretion of ZyXEL. This warranty shall not apply if the product is modified, misused, tampered with, damaged by an act of God, or subjected to abnormal working conditions. Note Repair or replacement, as provided under this warranty, is the exclusive remedy of the purchaser. This warranty is in lieu of all other warranties, express or implied, including any implied warranty of merchantability or fitness for a particular use or purpose. ZyXEL shall in no event be held liable for indirect or consequential damages of any kind of character to the purchaser. To obtain the services of this warranty, contact ZyXEL's Service Center for your Return Material Authorization number (RMA). Products must be returned Postage Prepaid. It is recommended that the unit be insured when shipped. Any returned products without proof of purchase or those with an out-dated warranty will be repaired or replaced (at the discretion of ZyXEL) and the customer will be billed for parts and labor. All repaired or replaced products will be shipped by ZyXEL to the corresponding return address, Postage Paid. This warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights that vary from country to country. Online Registration Register online at www.zyxel.com for free future product updates and information. 5 ZyXEL Limited Warranty ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Customer Support Please have the following information ready when you contact customer support. Product model and serial number. Warranty Information. Date that you received your device. Brief description of the problem and the steps you took to solve it. METHOD SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONEA LOCATION SALES E-MAIL FAX CORPORATE HEADQUARTERS
(WORLDWIDE) support@zyxel.com.tw +886-3-578-3942 sales@zyxel.com.tw
+886-3-578-2439 CZECH REPUBLIC info@cz.zyxel.com info@cz.zyxel.com
+420 241 091 350
+420 241 091 359 WEB SITE FTP SITE www.zyxel.com www.europe.zyxel.com ftp.zyxel.com ftp.europe.zyxel.com www.zyxel.cz DENMARK FINLAND FRANCE GERMANY support@zyxel.dk sales@zyxel.dk
+45 39 55 07 00
+45 39 55 07 07 www.zyxel.dk support@zyxel.fi sales@zyxel.fi
+358-9-4780-8411
+358-9-4780 8448 www.zyxel.fi info@zyxel.fr
+33 (0)4 72 52 97 97
+33 (0)4 72 52 19 20 www.zyxel.fr support@zyxel.de sales@zyxel.de
+49-2405-6909-0
+49-2405-6909-99 www.zyxel.de NORTH AMERICA support@zyxel.com sales@zyxel.com
+1-800-255-4101
+1-714-632-0882
+1-714-632-0858 NORWAY SPAIN SWEDEN support@zyxel.no sales@zyxel.no
+47 22 80 61 80
+47 22 80 61 81 support@zyxel.es sales@zyxel.es
+34 902 195 420
+34 913 005 345 support@zyxel.se sales@zyxel.se
+46 31 744 7700
+46 31 744 7701 www.us.zyxel.com ftp.us.zyxel.com www.zyxel.no www.zyxel.es www.zyxel.se REGULAR MAIL ZyXEL Communications Corp. 6 Innovation Road II Science Park Hsinchu 300 Taiwan ZyXEL Communications Czech s.r.o. Modransk 621 143 01 Praha 4 - Modrany Cesk Republika ZyXEL Communications A/S Columbusvej 5 2860 Soeborg Denmark ZyXEL Communications Oy Malminkaari 10 00700 Helsinki Finland ZyXEL France 1 rue des Vergers Bat. 1 / C 69760 Limonest France ZyXEL Deutschland GmbH. Adenauerstr. 20/A2 D-52146 Wuerselen Germany ZyXEL Communications Inc. 1130 N. Miller St. Anaheim CA 92806-2001 U.S.A. ZyXEL Communications A/S Nils Hansens vei 13 0667 Oslo Norway ZyXEL Communications Alejandro Villegas 33 1, 28043 Madrid Spain ZyXEL Communications A/S Sjporten 4, 41764 Gteborg Sweden Customer Support 6 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide METHOD SUPPORT E-MAIL TELEPHONEA LOCATION SALES E-MAIL FAX WEB SITE FTP SITE support@zyxel.co.uk UNITED KINGDOM sales@zyxel.co.uk
+44 (0) 1344 303044 08707 555779 (UK only)
+44 (0) 1344 303034 www.zyxel.co.uk ftp.zyxel.co.uk a. + is the (prefix) number you enter to make an international telephone call. REGULAR MAIL ZyXEL Communications UK Ltd.,11 The Courtyard, Eastern Road, Bracknell, Berkshire, RG12 2XB, United Kingdom (UK) 7 Customer Support ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Table of Contents Copyright .................................................................................................................. 2 Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Interference Statement ............... 3 ZyXEL Limited Warranty.......................................................................................... 5 Customer Support.................................................................................................... 6 Table of Contents ..................................................................................................... 8 List of Figures ........................................................................................................ 12 List of Tables .......................................................................................................... 14 Preface .................................................................................................................... 16 Chapter 1 Getting Started ....................................................................................................... 18 1.1 About Your ZyXEL G-260 .................................................................................18 1.1.1 Application Overview ................................................................................18 1.1.1.1 Infrastructure ...................................................................................18 1.1.1.2 Ad-Hoc ............................................................................................19 1.2 ZyXEL G-260 Hardware and Utility Installation ..................................................19 1.3 Configuration Methods ......................................................................................19 1.4 Windows XP Users Only ....................................................................................19 1.5 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility ..............................................................................20 1.6 Connecting to a Wireless LAN ...........................................................................20 1.6.1 Site Survey ...............................................................................................20 1.7 ZyXEL Utility Screen Summary ..........................................................................22 Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network........................................................................................... 24 2.1 Wireless LAN Overview ....................................................................................24 2.1.1 SSID .........................................................................................................24 2.1.2 Channel ....................................................................................................24 2.1.3 Transmission Rate (Tx Rate) ....................................................................24 2.2 Wireless LAN Security Overview ......................................................................24 2.2.1 Data Encryption with WEP ........................................................................25 2.2.2 IEEE 802.1x ..............................................................................................25 2.2.2.1 EAP Authentication .........................................................................25 2.2.3 WPA(2) .....................................................................................................26 Table of Contents 8 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 2.2.3.1 User Authentication .........................................................................26 2.2.3.2 Encryption .......................................................................................26 2.2.4 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example ...........................................................27 2.2.5 WPA with RADIUS Application Example ..................................................27 2.3 Encryption Type .................................................................................................28 2.4 Preamble Type ...................................................................................................28 2.5 Introduction to OTIST .....................................................................................29 2.5.1 Enabling OTIST ........................................................................................29 2.5.1.1 AP ...................................................................................................29 2.5.1.2 Wireless Client ................................................................................30 2.5.2 Starting OTIST .........................................................................................31 2.5.3 Notes on OTIST ........................................................................................31 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration .................................................................................. 34 3.1 The Link Info Screen .........................................................................................34 3.1.1 Trend Chart ..............................................................................................35 3.2 The Site Survey Screen ....................................................................................36 3.2.1 Connecting to a WLAN Network ..............................................................37 3.2.2 Security Settings .......................................................................................37 3.2.2.1 WEP Encryption ..............................................................................37 3.2.2.2 WPA/WPA2 .....................................................................................39 3.2.2.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK .....................................................................40 3.2.2.4 802.1x .............................................................................................40 3.2.3 Confirm Save Screen ................................................................................41 3.3 The Profile Screen .............................................................................................42 3.3.1 Adding a New Profile ................................................................................43 3.4 The Adapter Screen ...........................................................................................47 Chapter 4 Maintenance ........................................................................................................... 50 4.1 The About Screen .............................................................................................50 4.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility ............................................................................50 4.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility ..............................................................................51 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting .................................................................................................. 54 5.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility Program ....................................................54 5.2 Problem with the Link Status ..............................................................................54 5.3 Problems Communicating With Other Computers .............................................55 Appendix A Product Specifications .......................................................................................... 56 9 Table of Contents ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Appendix B Disable Windows XP Wireless LAN Configuration Tool..................................... 58 Appendix C Management with Wireless Zero Configuration.................................................. 64 Appendix D Types of EAP Authentication................................................................................ 76 Index........................................................................................................................ 80 Table of Contents 10 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 11 Table of Contents ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide List of Figures Figure 1 Application: Infrastructure ....................................................................... 18 Figure 2 Application: Ad-Hoc ................................................................................ 19 Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon .............................................................. 20 Figure 4 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey ....................................................................... 21 Figure 5 ZyXEL Utility: Security Settings .............................................................. 21 Figure 6 ZyXEL Utility: Link Info ............................................................................ 22 Figure 7 Menu Summary ....................................................................................... 22 Figure 8 WPA-PSK Authentication ......................................................................... 27 Figure 9 WPA with RADIUS Application Example .................................................. 28 Figure 10 Link Info ................................................................................................ 34 Figure 11 Link Info: Trend Chart ............................................................................ 35 Figure 12 Site Survey ............................................................................................ 36 Figure 13 Security Settings: WEP ........................................................................ 37 Figure 14 Security Settings: WPA/WPA2 ............................................................... 39 Figure 15 Security Settings: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK .............................................. 40 Figure 16 Security Settings: 802.1x ...................................................................... 40 Figure 17 Confirm Save Screen ............................................................................ 41 Figure 18 Profile Screen ....................................................................................... 42 Figure 19 Profile: Add New Profile ........................................................................ 44 Figure 20 Profile: Wireless Setting: Select a Channel .......................................... 45 Figure 21 Profile: Security Setting: Encryption Type ............................................. 46 Figure 22 Profile: Security Setting ......................................................................... 46 Figure 23 Profile: Confirm New Settings ............................................................... 47 Figure 24 Profile: Activate the Profile .................................................................... 47 Figure 25 Adapter Screen ..................................................................................... 47 Figure 26 About ..................................................................................................... 50 Figure 27 Uninstall: Confirm ................................................................................. 51 Figure 28 Uninstall: Finish ..................................................................................... 51 Figure 29 Windows XP: System Tray Icon ............................................................. 58 Figure 30 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 59 Figure 31 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 59 Figure 32 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 60 Figure 33 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 60 Figure 34 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 61 Figure 35 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 61 Figure 36 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 62 Figure 37 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 62 Figure 38 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available .................................................. 64 List of Figures 12 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Figure 39 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ..................................................... 65 Figure 40 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 65 Figure 41 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status ....................... 66 Figure 42 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 66 Figure 43 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties ................ 67 Figure 44 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSK .. 68 Figure 45 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security ............. 68 Figure 46 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association ..................... 69 Figure 47 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication ................. 70 Figure 48 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ................................................ 71 Figure 49 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ...................... 72 Figure 50 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks .................. 74 Figure 51 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks .................. 74 13 List of Figures ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide List of Tables Table 1 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon ............................................................... 20 Table 2 ZyXEL Utility: Menu Screen Summary ..................................................... 22 Table 3 Link Info .................................................................................................... 34 Table 4 Link Info: Trend Chart ............................................................................... 35 Table 5 Site Survey ............................................................................................... 36 Table 6 Security Settings: WEP ............................................................................ 38 Table 7 Security Settings: WPA/WPA2 .................................................................. 39 Table 8 Security Settings: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ................................................. 40 Table 9 Security Settings: 802.1x .......................................................................... 41 Table 10 Confirm Save Screen ............................................................................. 42 Table 11 Profile Screen ......................................................................................... 43 Table 12 Profile: Add New Profile .......................................................................... 44 Table 13 Profile: Wireless Setting: Select a Channel ............................................ 45 Table 14 Adapter ................................................................................................... 48 Table 15 About ...................................................................................................... 50 Table 16 Troubleshooting Starting ZyXEL Utility Program .................................... 54 Table 17 Troubleshooting Link Quality .................................................................. 54 Table 18 Troubleshooting Communication Problem .............................................. 55 Table 19 Product Specifications ............................................................................ 56 Table 20 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ...................................................... 65 Table 21 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection .................................. 67 Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless Networks ........................................................... 68 Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association ...................... 69 Table 24 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication .................. 70 Table 25 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties ................................................ 72 Table 26 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties ....................... 73 Table 27 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types .............................................. 77 Table 28 Wireless Security Relational Matrix ........................................................ 79 List of Tables 14 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 15 List of Tables ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Preface Congratulations on your purchase of the ZyXEL G-220F 802.11g Wireless USB Adapter. Note: Register your product online to receive e-mail notices of firmware upgrades and information at www.zyxel.com for global products, or at www.us.zyxel.com for North American products. Your ZyXEL G-260 is easy to install and configure. About This User's Guide This manual is designed to guide you through the configuration of your ZyXEL G-260 for its various applications. Related Documentation Supporting Disk Refer to the included CD for support documents. Quick Start Guide The Quick Start Guide is designed to help you get up and running right away. They contain hardware installation/connection information. ZyXEL Glossary and Web Site Please refer to www.zyxel.com for an online glossary of networking terms and additional support documentation. User Guide Feedback Help us help you. E-mail all User Guide-related comments, questions or suggestions for improvement to techwriters@zyxel.com.tw or send regular mail to The Technical Writing Team, ZyXEL Communications Corp., 6 Innovation Road II, Science-Based Industrial Park, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan. Thank you. Syntax Conventions Enter means for you to type one or more characters. Select or Choose means for you to use one predefined choices. The SMT menu titles and labels are in Bold Times New Roman font. Predefined field choices are in Bold Arial font. Command and arrow keys are enclosed in square brackets. [ENTER] means the Enter, or carriage return key; [ESC] means the Escape key and [SPACE BAR] means the Space Bar. Mouse action sequences are denoted using a comma. For example, click the Apple icon, Control Panels and then Modem means first click the Apple icon, then point your mouse pointer to Control Panels and then click Modem. Preface 16 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide For brevitys sake, we will use e.g., as a shorthand for for instance, and i.e., for that is or in other words throughout this manual. The ZyXEL G-220F 802.11g Wireless USB Adapter may be referred to as the ZyXEL G-
260 in this users guide. Graphics Icons Key Wireless Access Point Computer Notebook Computer Server Modem Wireless Signal Telephone Switch Router Internet Cloud 17 Preface ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide CHAPTER 1 Getting Started This chapter introduces the ZyXEL G-260 and prepares you to use the ZyXEL Utility. 1.1 About Your ZyXEL G-260 The ZyXEL G-260 is an IEEE 802.11g compliant wireless LAN USB adapter. The following lists the main features of your ZyXEL G-260. See the product specifications in the appendix for detailed features. Automatic rate selection. Security: WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy), IEEE 802.1x, WPA-PSK, WPA (Wi-Fi Protected Access), WPA2-PSK and WPA2 A built-in antenna Driver and utility support for Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows ME, Windows 2000 and Windows XP. 1.1.1 Application Overview This section describes some network applications for the ZyXEL G-260. 1.1.1.1 Infrastructure To connect to a network via an Access Point (AP), set the ZyXEL G-260 network type to Infrastructure. Through the AP, you can access the Internet or the wired network behind the AP. Figure 1 Application: Infrastructure Chapter 1 Getting Started 18 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 1.1.1.2 Ad-Hoc In case you prefer to set up a small independent wireless workgroup without an AP, use the Ad-Hoc mode. Ad-hoc mode does not require an AP or a wired network. Two or more wireless clients communicate directly to each other. Figure 2 Application: Ad-Hoc 1.2 ZyXEL G-260 Hardware and Utility Installation Follow the instructions in the Quick Start Guide to install the ZyXEL Utility and make hardware connections. 1.3 Configuration Methods To configure your ZyXEL G-260, use one of the following applications:
Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) (recommended for Windows XP) ZyXEL Utility Odyssey Client Manager (not supplied) Note: Do NOT use the Windows XP configuration tool or the Odyssey Client Manager and the ZyXEL Utility at the same time. Refer to the Odyssey Client Manager documentation for more information. 1.4 Windows XP Users Only You must disable WZC if you want to use the ZyXEL utility. Refer to the appendices on how to deactivate WZC or how to use WZC to manage the ZyXEL G-260. Note: When you use the ZyXEL Utility, it automatically disables the Windows XP wireless configuration tool. 19 Chapter 1 Getting Started ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 1.5 Accessing the ZyXEL Utility After you install and start the ZyXEL Utility, an icon for the ZyXEL Utility appears in the system tray. Note: When the ZyXEL Utility system tray icon displays, the ZyXEL G-260 is installed properly. When you use the ZyXEL Utility, it automatically disables the Windows XP wireless configuration tool. Figure 3 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon The color of the ZyXEL Utility system tray icon indicates the status of the ZyXEL G-260. Refer to the following table for details. Table 1 ZyXEL Utility: System Tray Icon COLOR DESCRIPTION Red The ZyXEL G-260 is operating in wireless station mode but is not connected to a wireless network. The ZyXEL G-260 is operating in wireless station mode and connected to a wireless network. Green Double-click on the ZyXEL Wireless LAN Utility icon in the system tray to open the ZyXEL Utility. The ZyXEL Utility screens are similar in all Microsoft Windows versions. Screens for Windows 2000 are shown. Note: Click the window. icon (located in the top right corner) to display the on-line help 1.6 Connecting to a Wireless LAN The following sections show you how to associate with a network using the ZyXEL Utility. You can either manually connect to a network or configure a profile to have the ZyXEL G-260 automatically connect to a specific network. Otherwise, configure nothing and leave the ZyXEL G-260 to automatically scan for and connect to any other available network without security. See the next chapters for detailed field descriptions. 1.6.1 Site Survey After you install the ZyXEL Utility and then insert the ZyXEL G-260, follow the steps below to connect to a network using the Site Survey screen. Chapter 1 Getting Started 20 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 1 Make sure a wireless network is available and within range. 2 Open the ZyXEL Utility and click the Site Survey tab to open the screen as shown next. 3 Click Scan to search for available wireless networks. Figure 4 ZyXEL Utility: Site Survey 4 To join a network, either click an SSID in the table and then click Connect or double-
click an SSID. 5 If the wireless security is activated for the selected wireless network, the Security Settings screen displays. This screen varies according to the networks encryption method. Configure the same security settings as the associated network. Note: If the selected network is unavailable or security settings are not correct, the ZyXEL G-260 will be disconnected. Figure 5 ZyXEL Utility: Security Settings 6 Verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network and check the network information in the Link Info screen. If the ZyXEL G-260 is not connected to a network, the fields in this screen are blank. 21 Chapter 1 Getting Started Figure 6 ZyXEL Utility: Link Info ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 1.7 ZyXEL Utility Screen Summary This sections describes the ZyXEL Utility screens. Figure 7 Menu Summary The following table describes the menus. Table 2 ZyXEL Utility: Menu Screen Summary TAB Link Info Site Survey Profile Adapter DESCRIPTION Use this screen to see your current connection status, configuration and data rate statistics. Use this screen to Use this screen to add, delete, edit or activate a profile with a set of wireless and security settings. Use this screen to configure a transfer rate, enable power saving and use OTIST
(One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology). scan for a wireless network configure wireless security (if activated on the selected network). connect to a wireless network. Chapter 1 Getting Started 22 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 23 Chapter 1 Getting Started ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide CHAPTER 2 Wireless LAN Network This chapter provides background information on wireless LAN network. 2.1 Wireless LAN Overview This section describes the wireless LAN network terms and applications. 2.1.1 SSID The SSID (Service Set Identity) is a unique name shared among all wireless devices in a wireless network. Wireless devices must have the same SSID to communicate with each other. 2.1.2 Channel A radio frequency used by a wireless device is called a channel. 2.1.3 Transmission Rate (Tx Rate) The ZyXEL G-260 provides various transmission (data) rate options for you to select. Options include Fully Auto, 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 6 Mbps, 9 Mbps, 11 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 18 Mbps, 24 Mbps, 36 Mbps, 48 Mbps and 54 Mbps. In most networking scenarios, the factory default Fully Auto setting proves the most efficient. This setting allows your ZyXEL G-260 to operate at the maximum transmission (data) rate. When the communication quality drops below a certain level, the ZyXEL G-260 automatically switches to a lower transmission (data) rate. Transmission at lower data speeds is usually more reliable. However, when the communication quality improves again, the ZyXEL G-260 gradually increases the transmission (data) rate again until it reaches the highest available transmission rate. You can select any of the above options. If you wish to balance speed versus reliability, select 54 Mbps in a networking environment where you are certain that all wireless devices can communicate at the highest transmission (data) rate. 1 Mbps or 2 Mbps are used often in networking environments where the range of the wireless connection is more important than speed. Note: With USB1.0/1.1, the ZyXEL G-260 can only transmit at up to 11Mbps. 2.2 Wireless LAN Security Overview Wireless LAN security is vital to your network to protect wireless communications. Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network 24 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Configure the wireless LAN security using the Configuration or the Profile Security Settings screen. If you do not enable any wireless security on your ZyXEL G-260, the ZyXEL G-260s wireless communications are accessible to any wireless networking device that is in the coverage area. 2.2.1 Data Encryption with WEP WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) encryption scrambles all data packets transmitted between the ZyXEL G-260 and the AP or other wireless stations to keep network communications private. Both the wireless stations and the access points must use the same WEP key for data encryption and decryption. There are two ways to create WEP keys in your ZyXEL G-260. Automatic WEP key generation based on a password phrase called a passphrase. The passphrase is case sensitive. You must use the same passphrase for all WLAN adapters with this feature in the same WLAN. For WLAN adapters without the passphrase feature, you can still take advantage of this feature by writing down the four automatically generated WEP keys from the Security Settings screen of the ZyXEL Utility and entering them manually as the WEP keys in the other WLAN adapter(s). Enter the WEP keys manually. Your ZyXEL G-260 allows you to configure up to four 64-bit, 128-bit or 256-bit WEP keys and only one key is used as the default key at any one time. 2.2.2 IEEE 802.1x The IEEE 802.1x standard outlines enhanced security methods for both the authentication of wireless stations and encryption key management. Authentication can be done using an external RADIUS server. 2.2.2.1 EAP Authentication EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol) is an authentication protocol that runs on top of the IEEE 802.1x transport mechanism in order to support multiple types of user authentication. By using EAP to interact with an EAP-compatible RADIUS server, an access point helps a wireless station and a RADIUS server perform authentication. The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server and an intermediary AP(s) that supports IEEE 802.1x. The ZyXEL G-260 supports EAP-TLS and EAP-PEAP. Refer to Appendix D on page 76 for descriptions. For EAP-TLS authentication type, you must first have a wired connection to the network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). A certificate (also called digital IDs) can be used to authenticate users and a CA issues certificates and guarantees the identity of each certificate owner. 25 Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 2.2.3 WPA(2) Wi-Fi Protected Access (WPA) is a subset of the IEEE 802.11i standard. Key differences between WPA(2) and WEP are user authentication and improved data encryption. 2.2.3.1 User Authentication WPA(2) applies IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to authenticate wireless clients using an external RADIUS database. Therefore, if you don't have an external RADIUS server, you should use WPA(2)-PSK (WPA
-Pre-Shared Key) that only requires a single (identical) password entered into each access point, wireless gateway and wireless client. As long as the passwords match, a client will be granted access to a WLAN. 2.2.3.2 Encryption WPA improves data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. In addition, WPA2 uses Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) to offer stronger encryption. Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server. It includes a per-packet key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. TKIP regularly changes and rotates the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is never used twice. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. This all happens in the background automatically. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) is a newer method of data encryption that also uses a secret key. This implementation of AES applies a 128-bit key to 128-bit blocks of data. The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped. By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity checking mechanism (MIC), TKIP makes it much more difficult to decode data on a Wi-Fi network than WEP, making it difficult for an intruder to break into the network. Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network 26 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The encryption mechanisms used for WPA(2) and WPA(2)-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA(2)-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA(2)-PSK susceptible to brute-force password-guessing attacks but it's still an improvement over WEP as it employs an easier-to-use, consistent, single, alphanumeric password. 2.2.4 WPA(2)-PSK Application Example A WPA(2)s-PSK application looks as follows. 1 First enter identical passwords into the AP and all wireless clients. The Pre-Shared Key
(PSK) must consist of between 8 and 63 ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols). 2 The AP checks each client's password and (only) allows it to join the network if it matches its password. 3 The AP derives and distributes keys to the wireless clients. 4 The AP and wireless clients use the TKIP encryption process to encrypt data exchanged between them. Figure 8 WPA-PSK Authentication 2.2.5 WPA with RADIUS Application Example You need the IP address of the RADIUS server, its port number (default is 1812), and the RADIUS shared secret. A WPA-RADIUS application example with an external RADIUS server looks as follows. "A" is the RADIUS server. "DS" is the distribution system. 1 The AP passes the wireless client's authentication request to the RADIUS server. 2 The RADIUS server then checks the user's identification against its database and grants or denies network access accordingly. 3 The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the pair-wise key to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless clients. 27 Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network Figure 9 WPA with RADIUS Application Example ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 2.3 Encryption Type The IEEE 802.11b/g standard describes a simple encryption method between the wireless stations and AP. Two encryption types are defined: an Open system mode and a Shared key mode. Open System mode is implemented for ease-of-use and when security is not an issue. The wireless station and the AP do not share a secret key. Thus the wireless stations can associate with any AP and listen to any data transmitted plaintext. Shared Key mode involves a shared secret key to authenticate the wireless station to the AP. This requires you to enable the WEP encryption and specify a WEP key on both the wireless station and the AP. 2.4 Preamble Type Preamble is used to signal that data is coming to the receiver. Short preamble increases performance as less time sending preamble means more time for sending data. All IEEE 802.11b/g compliant wireless adapters support long preamble, but not all support short preamble. Select Long Preamble if you are unsure what preamble mode the wireless adapters support, and to provide more reliable communications in busy wireless networks. Select Short Preamble if you are sure the wireless adapters support it, and to provide more efficient communications. Select Auto to have the ZyXEL G-260 automatically use short preamble when all access point/wireless stations support it, otherwise the ZyXEL G-260 uses long preamble. Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network 28 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Note: The ZyXEL G-260 and the access point/wireless stations MUST use the same preamble mode in order to communicate. 2.5 Introduction to OTIST In a wireless network, the wireless clients must have the same SSID and security settings as the access point (AP) or wireless router (we will refer to both as AP here) in order to associate with it. Traditionally this meant that you had to configure the settings on the AP and then manually configure the exact same settings on each wireless client. OTIST (One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology) allows you to transfer your APs SSID and WEP or WPA-PSK security settings to wireless clients that support OTIST and are within transmission range. You can also choose to have OTIST generate a WPA-PSK key for you if you didnt configure one manually. 2.5.1 Enabling OTIST You must enable OTIST on both the AP and wireless client before you start transferring settings. We use the Prestige 334WT in this guide as an example. Screens may vary slightly for your ZyXEL devices. Note: The AP and wireless client(s) MUST use the same Setup key. 2.5.1.1 AP On the Prestige 334WT, you can enable OTIST using the Reset button or the web configurator. If you use the Reset button, the default (01234567) or previous saved (through the web configurator) Setup key is used to encrypt the settings that you want to transfer. Hold in the Reset button for one or two seconds. Note: If you hold in the Reset button too long, the device will reset to the factory defaults!
In the web configurator, go to the Wireless LAN main screen and then select OTIST. To change the Setup key, enter zero to eight printable characters. To have OTIST automatically generate a WPA-PSK key, select the Yes check box. If you manually configured a WEP key or a WPA-PSK key and you also selected this check box, then the key you manually configured is used. 29 Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 2.5.1.2 Wireless Client Start the ZyXEL Utility and click the Adapter tab. Select the Auto Security check box, enter the same Setup Key as your APs and click Save. Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network 30 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 2.5.2 Starting OTIST Note: You must click Start in the AP OTIST web configurator screen and Save in the wireless client(s) Adapter screen all within three minutes (at the time or writing). You can start OTIST in the wireless clients and AP in any order but they must all be within range and have OTIST enabled. 1 In the AP, a web configurator screen pops up showing you the security settings to transfer. After reviewing the settings, click OK. 2 This screen appears while OTIST settings are being transferred. It closes when the transfer is complete. In the wireless client, you see this screen if it can't find an OTIST-enabled AP (with the same Setup key). Click OK to go back to the ZyXEL utility main screen. If there is more than one OTIST-enabled AP within range, you see a screen asking you to select one AP to get settings from. 2.5.3 Notes on OTIST 1 If you enabled OTIST in the wireless client, you see this screen each time you start the ZyXEL utility. Click Yes for it to search for an OTIST-enabled AP. 2 If an OTIST-enabled wireless client loses its wireless connection for more than ten seconds, it will search for an OTIST-enabled AP for up to one minute. (If you manually have the wireless client search for an OTIST-enabled AP, there is no timeout; click Cancel in the OTIST progress screen to stop the search.) 31 Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 3 When the wireless client finds an OTIST-enabled AP, you must still click Start in the AP OTIST web configurator screen or hold in the Reset button (for one or two seconds) for the AP to transfer settings. 4 If you change the SSID or the keys on the AP after using OTIST, you need to run OTIST again or enter them manually in the wireless client(s). 5 If you configure OTIST to generate a WPA-PSK key, this key changes each time you run OTIST. Therefore, if a new wireless client joins your wireless network, you need to run OTIST on the AP and ALL the wireless clients again. Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network 32 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 33 Chapter 2 Wireless LAN Network ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide CHAPTER 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration This chapter shows you how to configure your ZyXEL G-260 in wireless station mode. 3.1 The Link Info Screen When the ZyXEL Utility starts, the Link Info screen displays, showing the current configuration and connection status of your ZyXEL G-260. Figure 10 Link Info The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 3 Link Info LABEL Wireless Network Status Profile Name Network Name
(SSID) AP MAC Address Network Type DESCRIPTION This is the name of the profile you are currently using. The SSID identifies the Service Set to which a wireless station is associated. This field displays the name of the wireless device to which the ZyXEL G-260 is associated. This field displays the MAC address of the wireless device to which the ZyXEL G-
260 is associated. This field displays the network type (Infrastructure(BSS) or Ad Hoc) of the wireless network. Transmission Rate This field displays the current transmission rate of the ZyXEL G-260 in megabits per second (Mbps). Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 34 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Table 3 Link Info (continued) LABEL Security Channel Statistics Transmit Rate Receive Rate Authentication Network Mode Total Transmit Total Receive Link Quality Trend Chart Signal Strength Link Quality DESCRIPTION This field displays whether data encryption is activated (WEP (WEP or 802.1x), TKIP (WPA/WPA-PSK), AES (WPA2/WPA2-PSK)) or inactive (Disabled). This field displays the radio channel the ZyXEL G-260 is currently using. This field displays the current data transmission rate in kilobits per second (Kbps). This field displays the current data receiving rate in kilobits per second (Kbps). This field displays the authentication method of the ZyXEL G-260. This field displays the network standard (802.11b or 802.11g) of the wireless device. This field displays the total number of data frames transmitted. This field displays the total number of data frames received. This field displays the quality of the signal of the ZyXEL G-260. Click this button to display the real-time statistics of the data rate in kilobits per second (Kbps). The status bar shows the strength of the signal. The status bar shows the quality of the signal. 3.1.1 Trend Chart Click Trend Chart in the Link Info screen to display a screen as shown below. Use this screen to view real-time data traffic statistics. Figure 11 Link Info: Trend Chart The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 4 Link Info: Trend Chart LABEL Transmit Receive DESCRIPTION This field displays the current data transmission rate in kilobits per second (Kbps). This field displays the current data receiving rate in kilobits per second (Kbps). 35 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 3.2 The Site Survey Screen Use the Site Survey screen to scan for and connect to a wireless network automatically. Figure 12 Site Survey The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 5 Site Survey LABEL Available Network List DESCRIPTION Click a column heading to sort the entries.
, or denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless security is activated. denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless security is deactivated. denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless security is activated. denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security is deactivated. SSID Channel Signal Scan Connect Site Information Network Type Channel Encryption This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless device. This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device. This field displays the signal strength of each wireless device. Click Scan to search for available wireless devices within transmission range. Click Connect to associate to the selected wireless device. Click an entry in the Available Network List table to display the information of the selected wireless device. This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad Hoc) of the wireless device. This field displays the channel number used by each wireless device. This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP (WEP or 802.1x), WPA, WPA-PSK, WPA2, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disabled). Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 36 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Table 5 Site Survey (continued) LABEL MAC address Surveyed at DESCRIPTION This field displays the MAC address of the wireless device. This field displays the time when the wireless device is scanned. 3.2.1 Connecting to a WLAN Network Follow the steps below to connect to a WLAN network using the Site Survey screen. 1 Click Scan to search for all available wireless networks within range. 2 To join a network, click an entry in the table to select a wireless network and then click Connect. 3 If the WEP encryption is activated for the selected wireless network, the Security Settings screen displays. You must set the related fields in the Security Settings screen to the same security settings as the associated wireless device. Refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 37 for more information. Otherwise click the Back or Exit button and connect to another wireless network without data encryption. 4 Verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network and check the network information in the Link Info screen. 3.2.2 Security Settings When you configure the ZyXEL G-260 to connect to a network with wireless security activated and the security settings are disabled on the ZyXEL G-260, the screen varies according to the encryption method used by the selected network. 3.2.2.1 WEP Encryption Figure 13 Security Settings: WEP 37 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 6 Security Settings: WEP LABEL Security Setting WEP Encryption Type Pass Phrase Transmit Key Key x (where x is a number between 1 and 4) Back Next Exit DESCRIPTION Select 64 Bits, 128 Bits or 256 Bits to activate WEP encryption and then fill in the related fields. Select Disable to deactivate WEP encryption. Select an encryption type. Choices are Open and Shared. Refer to Section 2.3 on page 28 for more information. When you select the radio button, enter a passphrase of up to 63 case-sensitive printable characters. As you enter the passphrase, the ZyXEL G-260 automatically generates four different WEP keys and displays it in the key field below. Refer to Section 2.2.1 on page 25 for more information. At the time of writing, you cannot use passphrase to generate 256-bit WEP keys. Select a default WEP key to use for data encryption. The key displays in the field below. Select this option if you want to manually enter the WEP keys. Enter the WEP key in the field provided. If you select 64 Bits in the WEP field. Enter either 10 hexadecimal digits in the range of A-F, a-f and 0-9 (for example, 11AA22BB33) for HEX key type. or Enter 5 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from a-z, A-Z and 0-9
(for example, MyKey) for ASCII key type. If you select 128 Bits in the WEP field, Enter either 26 hexadecimal digits in the range of A-F, a-f and 0-9 (for example, 00112233445566778899AABBCC) for HEX key type or Enter 13 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from a-z, A-Z and 0-9
(for example, MyKey12345678) for ASCII key type. If you select 256 Bits in the WEP field, Enter either 58 hexadecimal digits in the range of "A-F", "a-f" and "0-9" (for example, 0000111122223333444455556666777788889999AAAABBBBCCCC000011) for HEX key type or Enter 29 ASCII characters (case sensitive) ranging from "a-z", "A-Z" and "0-9"
(for example, MyKey111122223333444455556678) for ASCII key type. Note: The values for the WEP keys must be set up exactly the same on all wireless devices in the same wireless LAN. ASCII WEP keys are case sensitive. Click Back to go to the Encryption Type screen to change the encryption type Click Next to confirm your selections and advance to the Save screen. Refer to Section 3.2.3 on page 41. Click Exit to return to the Profile List screen Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 38 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 3.2.2.2 WPA/WPA2 Figure 14 Security Settings: WPA/WPA2 The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 7 Security Settings: WPA/WPA2 LABEL Authentication Type Login Name Certificate Password Validate Server Certificate PEAP Inner EAP Back Next Exit DESCRIPTION Select an authentication method from the drop down list. Options are TLS and PEAP. Enter a user name. This is the user name that you or an administrator set up on a WPA/WPA2 server. This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Specify the location and name of a certificate in the Certificate field or click Browse to locate it. Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information. This field is not available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Enter the password associated with the user name above. Select the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server. This field is only available when you select PEAP in the Authentication Type field. Use the drop-down list box to select a PEAP protocol. Options are MD5 CHALLENGE, TOKEN CARD and MS CHAP v2. Click to go back to the Encryption Type screen. Click Next to confirm your selections and go to the Save screen. Section 3.2.3 on page 41 Click Exit to discard changes and return to the Site Survey screen. 39 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 3.2.2.3 WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK Figure 15 Security Settings: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 8 Security Settings: WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK LABEL Security Setting Encryption Type Pass Phrase Back Next Exit DESCRIPTION The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK/WPA2-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. The encryption types for WPA-PSK and WPA2-PSK are TKIP and AES respectively. Refer to Section 2.2.3 on page 26 for more information. Type a passphrase from 8 to 63 case-sensitive ASCII characters (including spaces and symbols). Takes you back to the Encryption Type screen Confirms your selections and takes you to the Save screen. Section 3.2.3 on page 41. Takes you back to the Site Survey screen. 3.2.2.4 802.1x Figure 16 Security Settings: 802.1x Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 40 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 9 Security Settings: 802.1x LABEL Authentication Type Login Name Password Certificate Browse Validate Server Certificate PEAP Inner EAP Save DESCRIPTION Select an authentication method from the drop down list. Options are TLS and PEAP. Enter a user name. This is the user name that you or an administrator set up on a RADIUS server. This field is not available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Enter the password associated with the user name above. This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Specify the location and name of a certificate in the Certificate field or click Browse to locate it. Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information. This field is only available when you select TLS in the Authentication Type field. Click this button to display the Select Certificate screen, select a certificate and click OK. Select the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server. This field is only available when you select PEAP in the Authentication Type field. Use the drop-down list box to select a PEAP protocol. Options are MD5 CHALLENGE, TOKEN CARD and MS CHAP v2. Click Save to save the changes back to the ZyXEL G-260 and display the Link Info screen. Otherwise, click the close (
) button to discard changes and go back to the Site Survey screen. 3.2.3 Confirm Save Screen Use the Confirm Save screen to confirm and save the security settings. Figure 17 Confirm Save Screen 41 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 10 Confirm Save Screen DESCRIPTION LABEL Security Setting Network Name This field displays the SSID previously entered. Network Type This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad Hoc) of the wireless device. This field displays the channel number used by the profile. This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP, WPA, WPA2, WPA-
PSK, WPA2-PSK or 802.1x) or inactive (Disabled). Click Back to return to the Encryption/Authentication screen Click Save to save the changes back to the ZyXEL G-260 and display the Link Info screen. Otherwise, click Back to go back to the Encryption Type screen or click Exit to discard changes and go back to the Site Survey screen. Click Exit to discard changes and return to the Site Survey screen. Channel Security Back Save Exit 3.3 The Profile Screen Click the Profile tab in the ZyXEL Utility program to display the Profile screen as shown next. The profile function allows you to save the wireless network settings in this screen, or use one of the pre-configured network profiles. Figure 18 Profile Screen Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 42 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 11 Profile Screen LABEL Profile List DESCRIPTION Click a column heading to sort the entries.
, or Profile Name SSID Connect Add Delete Edit Profile Info Network Type SSID Channel Security Transfer Rate denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless security is activated. denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless security is deactivated. denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless security is activated. denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security is deactivated. This is the name of the pre-configured profile. This is the SSID of the wireless network to which the selected profile associate. To use a previously saved network profile, select a pre-configured profile name in the table and click Connect. To add a new profile into the table, click Add. To delete an existing wireless network configuration, select a profile in the table and click Delete. To edit an existing wireless network configuration, select a profile in the table and click Edit. The following fields display detail information of the selected profile in the Profile List table. This field displays the network type (Infrastructure or Ad Hoc) of the profile. This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of the profile. This field displays the channel number used by the profile. This field shows whether data encryption is activated (WEP (WEP or 802.1x), WPA, WPA-PSK, WPA2, WPA2-PSK) or inactive (Disabled). This field displays the transfer speed of the selected profile in megabits per second
(Mbps). 3.3.1 Adding a New Profile Follow the steps below to add a new profile. 1 Click Add in the Profile screen. An Add New Profile screen displays as shown next. Click Next to continue. 43 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration Figure 19 Profile: Add New Profile ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 12 Profile: Add New Profile LABEL Add New Profile Profile Name SSID Network Type Next Exit Scan Info
, or SSID Scan Select DESCRIPTION Enter a descriptive name in this field. Select an available wireless device in the Scan Info table and click Select, or enter the SSID of the wireless device to which you want to associate in this field manually. Otherwise, leave this field blank to have the ZyXEL G-260 associate to or roam between any infrastructure wireless networks. Select the Infrastructure radio button to associate to an AP. Select the Ad-Hoc radio button to associate to a peer computer. Click Next to go to the next screen. Click Exit to go back to the previous screen without saving. This table displays the information of the available wireless networks within the transmission range. denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode and the wireless security is activated. denotes that the wireless device is in infrastructure mode but the wireless security is deactivated. denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode and the wireless security is activated. denotes that the wireless device is in Ad-Hoc mode but the wireless security is deactivated. This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless device. Click Scan to search for available wireless devices within transmission range. Select an available wireless device in the table and click Select to add it to this profile. Whenever you activate this profile, the ZyXEL G-260 associates to the selected wireless network only. Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 44 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 2 If you select the Infrastructure network type in the previous screen, skip to step 3. If you select the Ad-Hoc network type in the previous screen, a screen displays as follows. Select a channel number and wireless LAN mode and click Next to continue. Figure 20 Profile: Wireless Setting: Select a Channel The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 13 Profile: Wireless Setting: Select a Channel LABEL Wireless Setting Channel Back Next Exit DESCRIPTION Select a channel number from the drop-down list box. To associate to an ad-hoc network, you must use the same channel as the peer computer. Click Back to return to the Add New Profile screen. Click Next to confirm your selection and advance to the Encryption Type screen. Click Exit to discard changes and return to the Add New Profile screen. 3 If you select Infrastructure network type in the first screen, select WEP, WPA-PSK, WPA2-PSK, WPA or WPA2 from the drop-down list box to enable data encryption. If you select Ad-Hoc network type in the first screen, you can only use WEP encryption method. Otherwise, select Disable to allow the ZyXEL G-260 to communicate with the access points or other peer wireless computers without any data encryption and skip to step 5. 45 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration Figure 21 Profile: Security Setting: Encryption Type ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 4 The screen varies depending on the encryption method you select in the previous screen. The settings must be exactly the same on the APs or other peer wireless computers as they are on the ZyXEL G-260. Refer to Section 3.2.2 on page 37 for detailed information on wireless security configuration. Figure 22 Profile: Security Setting 5 This read-only screen shows a summary of the new profile settings. Verify that the settings are correct. Click Save to save and go to the next screen. Click Back to return to the previous screen. Otherwise, click Exit to go back to the Profile screen without saving. Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 46 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Figure 23 Profile: Confirm New Settings 6 To use this network profile, click the Activate Now button. Otherwise, click the Activate Later button. Note: Once you activate a profile, the ZyXEL Utility will use that profile the next time it is started. Figure 24 Profile: Activate the Profile 3.4 The Adapter Screen To set the advanced features on the ZyXEL G-260, click the Adapter tab. Figure 25 Adapter Screen 47 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 14 Adapter LABEL Adapter Transfer Rate Preamble Type Power Saving Mode OTIST (One-
Touch Intelligent Security) Setup Key Save DESCRIPTION Select a transfer speed from the drop-down list box. Choose from Fully Auto
(default), 1 Mbps, 2 Mbps, 5.5 Mbps, 6 Mbps, 9 Mbps, 12 Mbps, 18 Mbps, 24 Mbps, 36 Mbps, 48 Mbps, and 54 Mbps. Select a preamble type. Choices are Long, Short and Auto.The default setting is Long. Refer to Section 2.4 on page 28 for more information. Select Maximum Power Save or Fast Power Save to save power (especially for notebook computers). This forces the ZyXEL G-260 to go to sleep mode when it is not transmitting data. When you select Continuous Access Mode, the ZyXEL G-260 will never go to sleep mode. Select this check box to enable auto security. Enter the same setup key (up to eight printable characters) as the ZyXEL AP or wireless router to which you want to associate. The default OTIST setup key is
"01234567". Note: If you change the OTIST setup key on the ZyXEL AP or wireless router, you must also make the same change here. Click Save to save the changes back to the ZyXEL G-260 and return to the Link Info screen. Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration 48 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 49 Chapter 3 ZyXEL Utility Configuration ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide CHAPTER 4 Maintenance This chapter describes how to uninstall or upgrade the ZyXEL Utility. 4.1 The About Screen The About screen displays related version numbers of the ZyXEL G-260. To display the screen as shown below, click the about (
) button. Figure 26 About The following table describes the read-only fields in this screen. Table 15 About LABEL Driver Version Utility Version DESCRIPTION This field displays the version number of the ZyXEL G-260 driver. This field displays the version number of the ZyXEL Utility. 4.2 Uninstalling the ZyXEL Utility Follow the steps below to remove (or uninstall) the ZyXEL Utility from your computer. 1 Click Start, Programs, ZyXEL G-260 Utility, Uninstall ZyXEL G-260 Utility. 2 When prompted, click OK or Yes to remove the driver and the utility software. Chapter 4 Maintenance 50 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Figure 27 Uninstall: Confirm 3 Click Finish to complete uninstalling the software and restart the computer when prompted. Figure 28 Uninstall: Finish 4.3 Upgrading the ZyXEL Utility Note: Before you uninstall the ZyXEL Utility, take note of the current network configuration. To perform the upgrade, follow the steps below. 1 Download the latest version of the utility from the ZyXEL web site and save the file on your computer. 2 Follow the steps in Section 4.2 on page 50 to remove the current ZyXEL Utility from your computer. 3 Restart your computer when prompted. 4 Disconnect the ZyXEL G-260 from your computer. 5 Double-click on the setup program for the new utility to start the ZyXEL Utility installation. 51 Chapter 4 Maintenance 6 Insert the ZyXEL G-260 and check the version numbers in the About screen to make sure the new utility is installed properly. ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Chapter 4 Maintenance 52 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 53 Chapter 4 Maintenance ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide CHAPTER 5 Troubleshooting This chapter covers potential problems and the possible remedies. After each problem description, some instructions are provided to help you to diagnose and to solve the problem. 5.1 Problems Starting the ZyXEL Utility Program Table 16 Troubleshooting Starting ZyXEL Utility Program PROBLEM Cannot start the ZyXEL Wireless LAN Utility The ZyXEL Utility icon does not display. CORRECTIVE ACTION Make sure the ZyXEL G-260 is properly inserted and the LED is on. Use the Device Manager to check for possible hardware conflicts. Click Start, Settings, Control Panel, System, Hardware and Device Manager. Verify the status of the ZyXEL G-260 under Network Adapter. (Steps may vary depending on the version of Windows). Install the ZyXEL G-260 in another computer. If the error persists, you may have a hardware problem. In this case, you should contact your local vendor. If you install the Funk Odyssey Client software on the computer, uninstall (remove) both the Funk Odyssey Client software and ZyXEL utility, and then install the ZyXEL utility again after restarting the computer. If you use the Windows XP configuration tool and the ZyXEL Utility to configure the ZyXEL G-260 at the same time, the ZyXEL Utility icon does not display. You need to disable the Windows XP configuration tool (refer to Appendix B on page 58 for more information). 5.2 Problem with the Link Status Table 17 Troubleshooting Link Quality PROBLEM The link quality and/or signal strength is poor all the time. CORRECTIVE ACTION Search and connect to another AP with a better link quality using the Site Survey screen. Move your computer closer to the AP or the peer computer(s) within the transmission range. There may be too much radio interference (for example microwave or another AP using the same channel) around your wireless network. Relocate or reduce the radio interference. Chapter 5 Troubleshooting 54 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 5.3 Problems Communicating With Other Computers Table 18 Troubleshooting Communication Problem PROBLEM In wireless station mode, the computer with the ZyXEL G-260 installed cannot communicate with the other computer(s). CORRECTIVE ACTION In Infrastructure Mode Make sure that the AP and the associated computers are turned on and working properly. Make sure the ZyXEL G-260 computer and the associated AP use the same SSID. Change the AP and the associated wireless clients to use another radio channel if interference is high. Make sure that the computer and the AP share the same security option and key. Verify the settings in the Profile Security Settings screen. In Ad-Hoc (IBSS) Mode Verify that the peer computer(s) is turned on. Make sure the ZyXEL G-260 computer and the peer computer(s) are using the same SSID and channel. Make sure that the computer and the peer computer(s) share the same security settings. Change the wireless clients to use another radio channel if interference is high. 55 Chapter 5 Troubleshooting ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Appendix A Product Specifications Table 19 Product Specifications PHYSICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL Product Name Interface Standards Network Architectures Security Operating Temperature Storage Temperature Operating Humidity Storage Humidity Power Consumption Voltage Weight Dimension RADIO SPECIFICATIONS Media Access Protocol Frequency Data Rate Modulation Maximum Output Power RX Sensitivity SAR Value SOFTWARE SPECIFICATIONS Device Drivers ZyXEL G-260 802.11g Wireless USB Adapter USB 2.0 bus-powered IEEE 802.11b IEEE 802.11g Infrastructure Ad-Hoc 64/128/256-bit WEP Encryption 0 ~ 50 degrees Centigrade
-10 ~ 60 degrees Centigrade 20 ~ 95% (non-condensing) 20 ~ 95% (non-condensing) TX: <480mA RX: <430mA 5V 25.8 g
(L) 95 mm (M) 30 mm (H) 16 mm IEEE 802.11 USA (FCC) & Canada 11 Channels: 2.412GHz~2.462GHz Europe (ETSI) 13 Channels: 2.412GHz~2.472GHz Japan (TELEC) 14 Channels: 2.412GHz~2.483GHz IEEE 802.11g: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM):
54, 48, 36, 24, 18, 12, 9, 6 Mbps IEEE 802.11b: 11, 5.5, 2, 1 Mbps IEEE 802.11g: OFDM (64QAM, 16QAM, QPSK, BPSK) IEEE 802.11b: PBCC, Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS),
(CCK, DQPSK, DBPSK) IEEE 802.11b: 18dBm IEEE 802.11g: 21dBm IEEE 802.11g (OFDM): 54 Mbps: < -68 dBm (typical) IEEE 802.11b (CCK): 11 Mbps: < -83 dBm (typical) 1.495 W/kg Microsoft Windows 98 Second Edition, Windows ME, Windows 2000, Windows XP Appendix A 56 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Table 19 Product Specifications (continued) Roaming WEP IEEE 802.11b/g compliant 64/128/256-bit WEP encryption 57 Appendix A ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide APPENDIX B Disable Windows XP Wireless LAN Configuration Tool Windows XP includes a configuration tool (also known as Wireless Zero Configuration
(WZC)) for wireless devices. Follow the steps below to disable the configuration tool in Windows XP after you install the ZyXEL Utility. The screen varies depending on the version of Windows XP service pack. Via the Wireless Network System Tray Icon If the network icon for wireless connections is not present in the system tray, see the next section. 1 Double-click the network icon for wireless connections in the system tray. Figure 29 Windows XP: System Tray Icon 2 Windows XP SP1: When a Wireless Network Connection window displays, click Advanced. Appendix B 58 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Figure 30 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Windows XP SP2: When a Wireless Network Connection window displays, click Change advanced settings under Related Tasks and then the Wireless Networks tab. Figure 31 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection 3 In the Wireless Network Connection Properties window, make sure the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box is not selected. Click OK. 59 Appendix B Figure 32 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Figure 33 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Properties Appendix B 60 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Via the Control Panel 1 If the icon for the wireless network connection is not in the system tray, click Start, Control Panel and double-click Network Connections. 2 Double-click on the icon for wireless network connection to display a status window as shown below. 3 Click Properties and click the Wireless Networks tab. Figure 34 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status Figure 35 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status 61 Appendix B ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 4 In the Wireless Network Connection Properties window, make sure the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box is not selected. Click OK. Figure 36 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties Figure 37 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Properties Appendix B 62 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 63 Appendix B ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide APPENDIX C Management with Wireless Zero Configuration This appendix shows you how to manage your ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter using the Windows XP wireless zero configuration tool. Be sure you have the Windows XP service pack 2 installed on your computer. Otherwise, you should at least have the Windows XP service pack 1 already on your computer and download the support patch for WPA from the Microsoft web site. Windows XP SP2 screen shots are shown unless otherwise specified. Click the help icon (
) in most screens, move the cursor to the item that you want the information about and click to view the help. Activating Wireless Zero Configuration Make sure the Use Windows to configure my wireless network settings check box is selected in the Wireless Network Connection Properties screen. Refer to Appendix B on page 58. If you see the following screen, refer to article 871122 on the Microsoft web site for information on starting WZC. Figure 38 Windows XP SP2: WZC Not Available Appendix C 64 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Connecting to a Wireless Network 1 Double-click the network icon for wireless connections in the system tray to open the Wireless Network Connection Status screen. Figure 39 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon The type of the wireless network icon in Windows XP SP2 indicates the status of the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter. Refer to the following table for details. Table 20 Windows XP SP2: System Tray Icon ICON DESCRIPTION The ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter is connected to a wireless network. The ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter is in the process of connecting to a wireless network. The connection to a wireless network is limited because the network did not assign a network address to the computer. The ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter is not connected to a wireless network. 2 Windows XP SP2: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click View Wireless Networks to open the Wireless Network Connection screen. Figure 40 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Status 65 Appendix C ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Windows XP SP1: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click Properties and the Wireless Networks tab to open the Wireless Network Connection Properties screen. Figure 41 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Status 3 Windows XP SP2: Click Refresh network list to reload and search for available wireless devices within transmission range. Select a wireless network in the list and click Connect to join the selected wireless network. Figure 42 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection Appendix C 66 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the icons in the wireless network list. Table 21 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection ICON DESCRIPTION This denotes that wireless security is activated for the wireless network. This denotes that this wireless network is your preferred network. Ordering your preferred networks is important because the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter tries to associate to the preferred network first in the order that you specify. Refer to the section on ordering the preferred networks for detailed information. This denotes the signal strength of the wireless network. Move your cursor to the icon to see details on the signal strength. Windows XP SP1: Click Refresh to reload and search for available wireless devices within transmission range. Select a wireless network in the Available networks list, click Configure and set the related fields to the same security settings as the associated AP to add the selected network into the Preferred networks table. Click OK to join the selected wireless network. Refer to the section on security settings (discussed later) for more information. Figure 43 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Network Connection Properties 4 4.Windows XP SP2: If the wireless security is activated for the selected wireless network, the Wireless Network Connection screen displays. You must set the related fields in the Wireless Network Connection screen to the same security settings as the associated AP and click Connect. Refer to the section about security settings for more information. Otherwise click Cancel and connect to another wireless network without data encryption. 67 Appendix C ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide If there is no security activated for the selected wireless network, a warning screen appears. Click Connect Anyway if wireless security is not your concern. Figure 44 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: WEP or WPA-PSK Figure 45 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Network Connection: No Security 5 Verify that you have successfully connected to the selected network and check the connection status in the wireless network list or the connection icon in the Preferred networks or Available networks list. The following table describes the connection icons. Table 22 Windows XP: Wireless Networks ICON DESCRIPTION This denotes the wireless network is an available wireless network. This denotes the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter is associated to the wireless network. This denotes the wireless network is not available. Security Settings When you configure the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter to connect to a secure network but the security settings are not yet enabled on the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter, you will see different screens according to the authentication and encryption methods used by the selected network. Appendix C 68 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Association Select a network in the Preferred networks list and click Properties to view or configure security. Figure 46 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association LABEL Network name
(SSID) Network Authentication Data Encryption Network Key Confirm network key Key index
(advanced) The key is provided for me automatically DESCRIPTION This field displays the SSID (Service Set IDentifier) of each wireless network. This field automatically shows the authentication method (Share, Open, WPA or WPA-PSK) used by the selected network. This field automatically shows the encryption type (TKIP, WEP or Disable) used by the selected network. Enter the pre-shared key or WEP key. The values for the keys must be set up exactly the same on all wireless devices in the same wireless LAN. Enter the key again for confirmation. Select a default WEP key to use for data encryption. This field is available only when the network use WEP encryption method and the The key is provided for me automatically check box is not selected. If this check box is selected, the wireless AP assigns the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter a key. 69 Appendix C Table 23 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Association (continued) ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide LABEL This is a computer-to-
computer (ad hoc) network; wireless access points are not used OK Cancel Authentication DESCRIPTION If this check box is selected, you are connecting to another computer directly. Click OK to save your changes. Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made. Click the Authentication tab in the Wireless (network) properties screen to display the screen shown next. The fields on this screen are grayed out when the network is in Ad-Hoc mode or data encryption is disabled. Figure 47 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 24 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication LABEL Enable IEEE 802.1x authentication for this network EAP Type Properties DESCRIPTION This field displays whether the IEEE 802.1x authentication is active. If the network authentication is set to Open in the previous screen, you can choose to disable or enable this feature. Select the type of EAP authentication. Options are Protected EAP (PEAP) and Smart Card or other Certificate. Click this button to open the properties screen and configure certificates. The screen varies depending on what you select in the EAP type field. Appendix C 70 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Table 24 Windows XP: Wireless (network) properties: Authentication (continued) LABEL Authenticate as computer when computer information is available Authenticate as guest when user or computer information is unavailable OK Cancel DESCRIPTION Select this check box to have the computer send its information to the network for authentication when a user is not logged on. Select this check box to have the computer access to the network as a guest when a user is not logged on or computer information is not available. Click OK to save your changes. Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made. Authentication Properties Select an EAP authentication type in the Wireless (network) properties: Authentication screen and click the Properties button to display the following screen. Protected EAP Properties Figure 48 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties 71 Appendix C ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 25 Windows XP: Protected EAP Properties LABEL Validate server certificate Connect to these servers Trusted Root Certification Authorities:
Do not prompt user to authorize new server or trusted certification authorities. Select Authentication Method:
Enable Fast Reconnect OK Cancel DESCRIPTION Select the check box to verify the certificate of the authentication server. Select the check box and specify a domain in the field below to have your computer connect to a server which resides only within this domain. Select a trusted certification authority from the list below. Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information. Select this check box to verify a new authentication server or trusted CA without prompting. This field is available only if you installed the Windows XP server pack 2. Select an authentication method from the drop-down list box and click Configure to do settings. Select the check box to automatically reconnect to the network (without re-
authentication) if the wireless connection goes down. Click OK to save your changes. Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made. Smart Card or other Certificate Properties Figure 49 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties Appendix C 72 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide The following table describes the labels in this screen. Table 26 Windows XP: Smart Card or other Certificate Properties DESCRIPTION Select this check box to use a certificate on your computer for authentication. LABEL Use my smart card Select this check box to use the smart card for authentication. Use a certificate on this computer Validate server certificate Connect to these servers Trusted Root Certification Authorities:
Select the check box and specify a domain in the field below to have your computer connect to a server which resides only within this domain. Select a trusted certification authority from the list below. Select the check box to check the certificate of the authentication server. Note: You must first have a wired connection to a network and obtain the certificate(s) from a certificate authority (CA). Consult your network administrator for more information. View Certificate Use a different user name for the connection:
OK Cancel Click this button if you want to verify the selected certificate. Select the check box to use a different user name when the user name in the smart card or certificate is not the same as the user name in the domain that you are logged on to. Click OK to save your changes. Click Cancel to leave this screen without saving any changes you may have made. Ordering the Preferred Networks Follow the steps below to manage your preferred networks. 1 Windows XP SP2: Click Change the order of preferred networks in the Wireless Network Connection screen (see Figure 42 on page 66). The screen displays as shown. 73 Appendix C Figure 50 Windows XP SP2: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Windows XP SP1: In the Wireless Network Connection Status screen, click Properties and the Wireless Networks tab to open the screen as shown. Figure 51 Windows XP SP1: Wireless Networks: Preferred Networks 2 Whenever the ZyXEL wireless LAN adapter tries to connect to a new network, the new network is added in the Preferred networks table automatically. Select a network and click Move up or Move down to change it's order, click Remove to delete it or click Properties to view the security, authentication or connection information of the selected network. Click Add to add a preferred network into the list manually. Appendix C 74 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide 75 Appendix C ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Appendix D Types of EAP Authentication This appendix discusses some popular authentication types: EAP-MD5, EAP-TLS, EAP-
TTLS, PEAP and LEAP. The type of authentication you use depends on the RADIUS server or the AP. Consult your network administrator for more information. Your wireless LAN device may not support all authentication types. EAP-MD5 (Message-Digest Algorithm 5) MD5 authentication is the simplest one-way authentication method. The authentication server sends a challenge to the wireless station. The wireless station proves that it knows the password by encrypting the password with the challenge and sends back the information. Password is not sent in plain text. However, MD5 authentication has some weaknesses. Since the authentication server needs to get the plaintext passwords, the passwords must be stored. Thus someone other than the authentication server may access the password file. In addition, it is possible to impersonate an authentication server as MD5 authentication method does not perform mutual authentication. Finally, MD5 authentication method does not support data encryption with dynamic session key. You must configure WEP encryption keys for data encryption. EAP-TLS (Transport Layer Security) With EAP-TLS, digital certifications are needed by both the server and the wireless stations for mutual authentication. The server presents a certificate to the client. After validating the identity of the server, the client sends a different certificate to the server. The exchange of certificates is done in the open before a secured tunnel is created. This makes user identity vulnerable to passive attacks. A digital certificate is an electronic ID card that authenticates the senders identity. However, to implement EAP-TLS, you need a Certificate Authority (CA) to handle certificates, which imposes a management overhead. EAP-TTLS (Tunneled Transport Layer Service) EAP-TTLS is an extension of the EAP-TLS authentication that uses certificates for only the server-side authentications to establish a secure connection. Client authentication is then done by sending username and password through the secure connection, thus client identity is protected. For client authentication, EAP-TTLS supports EAP methods and legacy authentication methods such as PAP, CHAP, MS-CHAP and MS-CHAP v2. Appendix D 76 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide PEAP (Protected EAP) Like EAP-TTLS, server-side certificate authentication is used to establish a secure connection, then use simple username and password methods through the secured connection to authenticate the clients, thus hiding client identity. However, PEAP only supports EAP methods, such as EAP-MD5, EAP-MSCHAPv2 and EAP-GTC (EAP-Generic Token Card), for client authentication. EAP-GTC is implemented only by Cisco. LEAP LEAP (Lightweight Extensible Authentication Protocol) is a Cisco implementation of IEEE 802.1x. Dynamic WEP Key Exchange The AP maps a unique key that is generated with the RADIUS server. This key expires when the wireless connection times out, disconnects or reauthentication times out. A new WEP key is generated each time reauthentication is performed. If this feature is enabled, it is not necessary to configure a default encryption key in the Wireless screen. You may still configure and store keys here, but they will not be used while Dynamic WEP is enabled. Note: EAP-MD5 cannot be used with Dynamic WEP Key Exchange For added security, certificate-based authentications (EAP-TLS, EAP-TTLS and PEAP) use dynamic keys for data encryption. They are often deployed in corporate environments, but for public deployment, a simple user name and password pair is more practical. The following table is a comparison of the features of authentication types. Table 27 Comparison of EAP Authentication Types Mutual Authentication Certificate Client Certificate Server Dynamic Key Exchange Credential Integrity Deployment Difficulty Client Identity Protection EAP-MD5 No No No No None Easy No EAP-TLS Yes Yes Yes Yes Strong Hard No EAP-TTLS Yes Optional Yes Yes Strong Moderate Yes PEAP Yes Optional Yes Yes Strong Moderate Yes LEAP Yes No No Yes Moderate Moderate No 77 Appendix D WPA User Authentication ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide WPA applies IEEE 802.1x and Extensible Authentication Protocol (EAP) to authenticate wireless stations using an external RADIUS database. Encryption WPA improves data encryption by using Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) or Advanced Encryption Standard (AES), Message Integrity Check (MIC) and IEEE 802.1x. TKIP uses 128-bit keys that are dynamically generated and distributed by the authentication server. It includes a per-packet key mixing function, a Message Integrity Check (MIC) named Michael, an extended initialization vector (IV) with sequencing rules, and a re-keying mechanism. TKIP regularly changes and rotates the encryption keys so that the same encryption key is never used twice. The RADIUS server distributes a Pairwise Master Key (PMK) key to the AP that then sets up a key hierarchy and management system, using the PMK to dynamically generate unique data encryption keys to encrypt every data packet that is wirelessly communicated between the AP and the wireless stations. This all happens in the background automatically. AES (Advanced Encryption Standard) also uses a secret key. This implementation of AES applies a 128-bit key to 128-bit blocks of data. The Message Integrity Check (MIC) is designed to prevent an attacker from capturing data packets, altering them and resending them. The MIC provides a strong mathematical function in which the receiver and the transmitter each compute and then compare the MIC. If they do not match, it is assumed that the data has been tampered with and the packet is dropped. By generating unique data encryption keys for every data packet and by creating an integrity checking mechanism (MIC), TKIP makes it much more difficult to decrypt data on a Wi-Fi network than WEP, making it difficult for an intruder to break into the network. The encryption mechanisms used for WPA and WPA-PSK are the same. The only difference between the two is that WPA-PSK uses a simple common password, instead of user-specific credentials. The common-password approach makes WPA-PSK susceptible to brute-force password-guessing attacks but its still an improvement over WEP as it employs an easier-to-
use, consistent, single, alphanumeric password. Appendix D 78 ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Security Parameters Summary Refer to this table to see what other security parameters you should configure for each Authentication Method/ key management protocol type. MAC address filters are not dependent on how you configure these security features. Table 28 Wireless Security Relational Matrix AUTHENTICATION METHOD/ KEY MANAGEMENT PROTOCOL Open Open Shared WPA WPA WPA-PSK WPA-PSK ENCRYPTION METHOD ENTER MANUAL KEY ENABLE IEEE 802.1X None WEP WEP WEP TKIP WEP TKIP No No Yes Yes No Yes Yes No No Yes Yes No Enable with Dynamic WEP Key Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Disable Enable with Dynamic WEP Key Enable without Dynamic WEP Key Disable Yes Yes Yes Yes 79 Appendix D ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide Index Denmark, Contact Information 6 driver version 50 Dynamic WEP Key Exchange 77 E Enabling OTIST 29 Encryption 78 F FCC 3 Finland, Contact Information 6 France, Contact Information 6 G Germany, Contact Information 6 getting started 18 graphics icons key 17 H hardware connections 19 I initialization vector (IV) 78 installation utility 18 80 Numerics 802.1x 40 A About 50 about your ZyXEL G-260 18 activating a profile 47 Adapter 47 Ad-Hoc 45 advanced settings 47 antenna 18 antenna power output 56 authentication 38 authentication method open system 28 shared key 28 C CA 76 Certificate Authority 76 channel 24, 35, 36, 45 configuration method important note 19 Odyssey Client Manager 19 Wireless Zero Configuration (WZC) 19 ZyXEL Utility 19 connecting to a WLAN 37 Copyright 2 creating a new profile 43 current configuration 34 current connection status 34 Customer Support 6 D data encryption 36 Index ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide L link information 34 M Message Integrity Check (MIC) 78 N network type 34 North America Contact Information 6 Norway, Contact Information 6 O Odyssey Client Manager 19 One-Touch Intelligent Security Technology 29 open system authentication 28 OTIST 31 OTIST (One-Touch Intelligent Security) 48 OTIST Introduction 29 P Pairwise Master Key (PMK) 78 passphrase 25, 38 password phrase 25 Power Saving Mode 48 preamble 48 product specifications 56 profile 34, 43 activation 47 add new 43 delete 43 edit 43 information 43 Q Quick Start Guide 16, 19 81 R radio interference 54 real-time data traffic statistics 35 Regular Mail 6 Related Documentation 16 S save power 48 Scan Info 44 security 25, 56 data encryption 25 Security Parameters 79 Service 5 Setup Key 29 shared key authentication 28 signal strength 36 site survey 36 connecting to a WLAN network 37 scan 36 security settings 37 sleep mode 48 Spain, Contact Information 6 SSID 34, 36 SSID (Service Set Identity) 24 Starting OTIST 31 statistics 35 support CD 16 Support E-mail 6 Sweden, Contact Information 6 syntax conventions 16 T Telephone 6 Temporal Key Integrity Protocol (TKIP) 78 transmission rate 34, 43, 48 transmission rate (Tx Rate) 24 transmit key 38 Trend Chart 35 troubleshooting 54 link status 54 network communication 55 starting ZyXEL Utility 54 Index U uninstalling ZyXEL Utility 50 upgrading ZyXEL Utility 51 important step 51 User Authentication 78 V voltage 56 W Web Site 6 WEP 25, 37, 38 manual setup 25, 38 passphrase 25, 38 WEP (Wired Equivalent Privacy) 25 Windows XP 19 wireless LAN authentication 28 channel 24 introduction 24 security 24 SSID 24 transmission rate 24 Wireless LAN (WLAN) 24 wireless standard 56 wireless station mode configuration 34 WLAN Security parameters 79 Worldwide Contact Information 6 WPA 39 WPA2 39 WPA2-PSK 40 WPA-PSK 40 WZC (Wireless Zero Configuration) 19 Z ZyXEL Limited Warranty Note 5 ZyXEL Utility 19 accessing 20 help 20 Index ZyXEL G-260 Users Guide opening 20 system tray icon 20 upgrade 51 version 50 82
| frequency | equipment class | purpose | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2005-12-21 | 2412 ~ 2462 | DTS - Digital Transmission System | Original Equipment |
| app s | Applicant Information | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Effective |
2005-12-21
|
||||
| 1 | Applicant's complete, legal business name |
ZyXEL Communications Corporation
|
||||
| 1 | FCC Registration Number (FRN) |
0021059092
|
||||
| 1 | Physical Address |
No.2, Industry East Road IX, Science Park
|
||||
| 1 |
Hsinchu, N/A
|
|||||
| 1 |
Taiwan
|
|||||
| app s | TCB Information | |||||
| 1 | TCB Application Email Address |
h******@atcb.com
|
||||
| 1 | TCB Scope |
A4: UNII devices & low power transmitters using spread spectrum techniques
|
||||
| app s | FCC ID | |||||
| 1 | Grantee Code |
I88
|
||||
| 1 | Equipment Product Code |
G260
|
||||
| app s | Person at the applicant's address to receive grant or for contact | |||||
| 1 | Name |
E******** B********
|
||||
| 1 | Title |
Section Manager
|
||||
| 1 | Telephone Number |
886 3******** Extension:
|
||||
| 1 | Fax Number |
886 3********
|
||||
| 1 |
E******@zyxel.com.tw
|
|||||
| app s | Technical Contact | |||||
| 1 | Firm Name |
Intertek Testing Services taiwan, Ltd
|
||||
| 1 | Name |
J**** L******
|
||||
| 1 | Physical Address |
No. 11, Ko-Tze-Nan Chai-Tung Li
|
||||
| 1 |
Hsinchu, 300
|
|||||
| 1 |
Taiwan
|
|||||
| 1 | Telephone Number |
+886 ******** Extension:
|
||||
| 1 | Fax Number |
+886 ********
|
||||
| 1 |
j******@intertek.com
|
|||||
| app s | Non Technical Contact | |||||
| n/a | ||||||
| app s | Confidentiality (long or short term) | |||||
| 1 | Does this application include a request for confidentiality for any portion(s) of the data contained in this application pursuant to 47 CFR § 0.459 of the Commission Rules?: | Yes | ||||
| 1 | Long-Term Confidentiality Does this application include a request for confidentiality for any portion(s) of the data contained in this application pursuant to 47 CFR § 0.459 of the Commission Rules?: | No | ||||
| if no date is supplied, the release date will be set to 45 calendar days past the date of grant. | ||||||
| app s | Cognitive Radio & Software Defined Radio, Class, etc | |||||
| 1 | Is this application for software defined/cognitive radio authorization? | No | ||||
| 1 | Equipment Class | DTS - Digital Transmission System | ||||
| 1 | Description of product as it is marketed: (NOTE: This text will appear below the equipment class on the grant) | WLAN USB Adapter | ||||
| 1 | Related OET KnowledgeDataBase Inquiry: Is there a KDB inquiry associated with this application? | No | ||||
| 1 | Modular Equipment Type | Does not apply | ||||
| 1 | Purpose / Application is for | Original Equipment | ||||
| 1 | Composite Equipment: Is the equipment in this application a composite device subject to an additional equipment authorization? | No | ||||
| 1 | Related Equipment: Is the equipment in this application part of a system that operates with, or is marketed with, another device that requires an equipment authorization? | No | ||||
| 1 | Grant Comments | Power Output is Conducted. SAR compliance is limited to notebook computers with USB ports similar in configuration as illustrated in this filing. This device must not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna or transmitter. Compliance of this device in all final host configurations is the responsibility of the Grantee. End-users must be provided with specific information required to satisfy RF exposure compliance for all final host devices. The highest reported SAR value is: Body 1.495W/kg | ||||
| 1 | Is there an equipment authorization waiver associated with this application? | No | ||||
| 1 | If there is an equipment authorization waiver associated with this application, has the associated waiver been approved and all information uploaded? | No | ||||
| app s | Test Firm Name and Contact Information | |||||
| 1 | Firm Name |
Intertek Testing Services Taiwan Ltd.
|
||||
| 1 | Name |
A**** L****
|
||||
| 1 | Telephone Number |
886-3******** Extension:
|
||||
| 1 | Fax Number |
886-3********
|
||||
| 1 |
a******@intertek.com
|
|||||
| Equipment Specifications | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Line | Rule Parts | Grant Notes | Lower Frequency | Upper Frequency | Power Output | Tolerance | Emission Designator | Microprocessor Number | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| 1 | 1 | 15C | 2412.00000000 | 2462.00000000 | 0.1603000 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
some individual PII (Personally Identifiable Information) available on the public forms may be redacted, original source may include additional details
This product uses the FCC Data API but is not endorsed or certified by the FCC